LUCAS COUNTY 2019 Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan LUCAS COUNTY, OHIO MULTI-JURISDICTIONAL HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN 2019 UPDATE PREPARED BY JH CONSULTING, LLC OF WEST VIRGINIA MAY, 2019 Lucas County Hazard Mitigation Plan Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary i 1.0 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………. 1 1.1 The Planning Process 4 1.2 The Planning Area 14 1.3 Capabilities 55 1.4 Trends and Predictions 60 2.0 Risk Assessment………………………………………………………………..... 65 2.1 Hazards Identification 65 2.2 Risk and Vulnerability 68 2.3 Complicating Variables 75 2.4 Hazard Profiles 79 2.4.1 Tornado 81 2.4.2 Flood 86 2.4.3 Hazardous Materials Incident 111 2.4.4 CBRNE / Terrorism 123 2.4.5 Harmful Algal Bloom 131 2.4.6 Pandemic 137 2.4.7 Severe Winter Storm 144 2.4.8 Lake Surge 150 2.4.8A Coastal Erosion 156 2.4.9 Wildfire 162 2.4.10 Civil Disturbance 173 2.4.11 Severe Thunderstorms 178 2.4.12 Dam and Levee Failure 185 2.4.13 Drought 194 2.4.14 Temperature Extremes 202 2.4.15 Wind 210 2.4.16 Earthquake 214 2.1.17 Landslide 210 Lucas County Hazard Mitigation Plan Table of Contents 3.0 Mitigation Strategy……………………………………………………….………. 228 3.1 Mitigation Goals 229 3.2 Mitigation Actions 230 4.0 Plan Maintenance………………………………………………………..………. 248 4.1 Monitoring, Evaluating, and Updating the Plan 249 4.2 Plan Integration 251 4.3 Continued Public Involvement 255 5.0 Appendices………………………………………………………………..………. 256 Appendix 1: Planning Documentation Appendix 2: Public Involvement Appendix 3: Inactive Projects Appendix 4: Project Prioritization Appendix 5: Citations Appendix 6: Plan Adoption Appendix 7: Annual Monitoring Lucas County Hazard Mitigation Plan 1.0 Introduction LUCAS COUNTY HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Lucas County Hazard Mitigation Plan of 2019 is an update to the Countywide All Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan (CANHMP) of 2013. The Lucas County Emergency Management Agency (LCEMA) updated the plan utilizing a planning committee with representatives from the local governments, private businesses, and community organizations throughout 2018. The first version of this plan is from 2004. This plan considers all the jurisdictionsi – county, cities, villages, and townships – within the geographical boundaries of Lucas County, Ohio, and is therefore considered a multi-jurisdictional plan. The plan has been prepared in accordance with federal requirements outlined in the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA, 2K) which requires counties to formulate a hazard mitigation plan in order to be eligible for mitigation funds made available by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Section 322 of the Robert T. Stafford Act requires that all states and local jurisdictions develop and submit mitigation plans designed to meet the criteria outlined in 44 CFR Parts 201 and 206. This plan has been approved by the committee who developed it, the Ohio Emergency Management Agency, and the Federal Emergency Management Agency. The previous 2013 version of this plan considered only natural hazards that affect or could potentially affect the county. This update includes additional technological and human- caused hazards to more accurately represent the risks within Lucas County. The plan includes technological and human-caused hazards such as chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosives (CBRNE) / terrorism, civil disturbance, dam and levee failure, and hazardous materials incidents; it also includes natural hazards such as drought, earthquake, floods, harmful algal bloom, lake surge and seiche waves, landslides, pandemic, severe thunderstorms, severe winter storms, temperature extremes, tornadoes, wildfires, and wind events. This hazard mitigation plan now aligns and integrates better with the Toledo, Lucas County Emergency Operations Plan of 2017, which considers emergency operations for more than just natural hazards. The plan considers hazards such as severe thunderstorms and tornadoes, flooding, earthquake, hazardous materials release, homeland security, severe winter storm, and radiological incidents. Therefore, adding human-caused and technological hazards to this hazard mitigation plan was a logical step. i Lucas County Hazard Mitigation Plan 1.0 Introduction The committee discussed and redefined the goals that this plan will strive to achieve through the implementation of hazard mitigation strategies or projects. The previous version of this plan included one goal for each hazard; now, the goals address a variety of identified issues that face the county due to hazards. Every county and jurisdictional project that is completed will move the county towards a state of higher overall resiliency for the population, critical infrastructure, and the environment ensuring continuity of daily life after disasters. i While this plan considers all the jurisdictions, the Village of Harbor View elected not to participate in the update of this plan. However, because the Village of Harbor View is within the geographical boundaries of Lucas County, they are not excluded from sections that refer to demographic trends and predictions. ii Lucas County Hazard Mitigation Plan 1.0 Introduction 1.0 INTRODUCTION PURPOSE The purpose of the mitigation plan is to identify risks and vulnerabilities from hazards that affect Lucas County, Ohio to prevent or reduce the loss of life and injury and to limit future damage costs by developing methods to mitigate or eliminate damage from various hazards. SCOPE The Lucas County Hazard Mitigation Plan follows a planning methodology that includes public involvement, a risk assessment for various identified hazards, an inventory of critical facilities and at-risk residential areas, a mitigation strategy for high-risk hazards, and a method to maintain and update the plan. PLAN AUTHORITY The Lucas County Hazard Mitigation Plan is a multi-jurisdictional plan meaning that it includes several jurisdictions within the plan. The plan has been prepared in accordance with federal requirements outlined in the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA, 2K) which requires counties to formulate a hazard mitigation plan in order to be eligible for mitigation funds made available by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Section 322 of the Robert T. Stafford Act requires that all states and local jurisdictions develop and submit mitigation plans designed to meet the criteria outlined in 44 CFR Parts 201 and 206. When the content of this plan is a requirement under 44 CFR 201.6 (the local mitigation planning section), it is identified with a description of the guidance. The following table describes the relevant requirements under 44 CFR 201.6 and the sections in the plan where the fulfillment of the guidance can be found. 44 CFR 201.6 REQUIREMENTS IN THIS PLAN Section Description Section in plan § 201.6 Local Mitigation Plans. The local mitigation plan is the representation of Section 1.0 Introduction the jurisdiction's commitment to reduce risks from natural hazards, serving as a guide for decision makers as they commit resources to reducing the effects of natural hazards. Local plans will also serve as the basis for the State to provide technical assistance and to prioritize project funding. 1 Lucas County Hazard Mitigation Plan 1.0 Introduction 44 CFR 201.6 REQUIREMENTS IN THIS PLAN Section Description Section in plan § 201.6(a)(4) Multi-jurisdictional plans (e.g. watershed plans) may be accepted, as Section 1.1 The Planning Process appropriate, as long as each jurisdiction has participated in the process and has officially adopted the plan. State-wide plans will not be accepted as multi-jurisdictional plans. § 201.6(b)(1) An opportunity for the public to comment on the plan during the drafting Section 1.1 The Planning Process stage and prior to plan approval; Section 4.3 Continued Public Involvement § 201.6(b)(2) An opportunity for neighboring communities, local and regional agencies Section 1.1 The Planning Process involved in hazard mitigation activities, and agencies that have the authority to regulate development, as well as businesses, academia and other private and non-profit interests to be involved in the planning process; and § 201.6(b)(3) Review and incorporation, if appropriate, of existing plans, studies, Section 1.3 Capabilities reports, and technical information. Section 4.2 Plan Integration § 201.6(c) Plan content. The plan shall include the following: N/A § 201.6(c)(1) Documentation of the planning process used to develop the plan, Section 1.1 The Planning Process including how it was prepared, who was involved in the process, and how the public was involved. § 201.6(c)(2) A risk assessment that provides the factual basis for activities proposed Section 2.0 Risk Assessment in the strategy to reduce losses from identified hazards. Local risk assessments must provide sufficient information to enable the jurisdiction to identify and prioritize appropriate mitigation actions to reduce losses from identified hazards. The risk assessment shall include: § 201.6(c)(2)(i) A description of the type, location, and extent of all natural hazards that Section 2.4 Profile Hazards can affect the jurisdiction. The plan shall include information on previous occurrences of hazard events and on the probability of future hazard events. § 201.6(c)(2)(ii) A description of the jurisdiction's vulnerability to the hazards described Section 2.4 Profile Hazards in paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section. This description shall include an overall summary of each hazard and its impact on the community. All plans approved