Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 157 (2014) 145–149 brill.com/tve

Hydroporus emergens sp. n. from south-western Turkey (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) Oscar Vorst & Hans Fery

Hydroporus emergens sp. n. is described from Tekirova (south of Antalya) in the south-western part of Turkey. The species is provisionally attributed to the H. normandi-complexwhichispartoftheH. memnonius-group of Hydroporus Clairville, 1806. With the new species the known distribution of that complex – which so far was considered strictly western Mediterranean – is considerably expanded to the eastern Mediterranean. The species is compared with its western relatives as well as described and illustrated in detail. Keywords: Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae, Hydroporus, new species, memnonius-complex, Mediterranean, Turkey. Oscar Vorst*, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517, NL-2300 RA Leiden, The . [email protected] Hans Fery, Räuschstrasse 73, D-13509 Berlin, . [email protected]

Introduction sula which supports ca 31 species (Fery 1999, Ribera In the spring of 2006 the first author collected a et al. 1999). single specimen of a Hydroporus in south-western Based on its external morphology the new species Turkey. As it did not represent any of the species should be considered a member of the Hydroporus known from the eastern Mediterranean Region it normandi-complex, which until now encompasses was considered undescribed, but set aside because the Balaearic H. lluci Fery, 1999, H. productus Fair- of the lack of more material. Only after consulting maire, 1880 from Algeria and Tunisia, H. gallo- the second author it was realised what a remarkable provincialis Manuel, 2013 from the French Provence, species this single male specimen represented, and it and the polymorphic H. normandi Régimbart, 1903, was decided to describe it anyhow. distributed with four subspecies in the Iberian Penin- The large dytiscid genus Hydroporus Clairville, sula and Morocco (Fery 1999, Manuel 2013). The 1806 so far includes 186 described species (Nilsson known distribution of this complex was hence lim- 2001, 2014). The genus has a Holarctic distribu- ited to the western Mediterranean Region. The tion, with only two species reaching the Neotropi- Turkish collecting site of the new species is about cal Region in Mexico. About 120 species are known 2000 km away from the closest sites of the H. nor- to occur in the West-Palaearctic Region (Nilsson mandi-complex members in southern and Al- 2003, Nilsson & Hájek 2014). Many species are to geria. be found in lentic waters and are often confined to shallow bog and fen habitats. A considerable num- ber of species show a preference for cooler habitats The Hydroporus memnonius-group and seems to avoid warmer climates. With 35 species Within Hydroporus about thirty informal species Fennoscandia (Silfverberg 2010, Nilsson & Hájek groups are currently recognised (Nilsson 2014). The 2014) harbours more species than the Iberian Penin- H. normandi-complex is considered part of the H.

Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 157: 145–149, Figs 1–9. [ISSN 0040-7496]. brill.com/tve © Nederlandse Entomologische Vereniging. Published by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden. Published 20 November 2014. DOI 10.1163/22119434-00002044

Downloaded from Brill.com09/26/2021 06:29:16PM * Corresponding author via free access 146 Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, volume 157, 2014 memnonius-group, the delimitation of which has divergence between the H. normandi-complex, here been changed in recent years by consecutive authors. represented by H. normandi and H. lluci,anditssis- Nilsson & Holmen (1995), in their comprehensive ter, the H. cantabricus-complex, is estimated at early treatment of the northern European species, define Pleistocene, about 1.7 million years ago (Hernando the group as follows: pronotum with lateral beading et al. 2012). broad; elytron with lateral margin usually weakly as- cending to humeral angle; metacoxal processes with posterior margin conjointly more or less bisinuate or Taxonomy medially angulate; body often sub-parallel in outline. Hydroporus emergens,sp.n. Fery (1999) proposed to restrict the H. memno- Figs 1–4, 8 nius-group to species with the gula paler than the Type locality: Turkey, Antalya province, Tekirova. genae, in this way excluding H. kraatzii Schaum, 1868 and its relatives, which form the H. longulus- Holotype (): “TR: Tekirova | 36.514°N 30.537°E group. He recognised three subgroups: the H. mem- T7D | 30.iii.2006 10 m | leg. O. Vorst | nonius-subgroup, the H. melanarius-subgroup and Fresh, marshy pond” [printed], “Holotypus | the H. ferrugineus-subgroup. The latter subgroup Hydroporus emergens |O.Vorst&H.Ferydet.” was defined by the paler elytra with diffuse darker [red, printed], “RMNH.INS.920202” (Natu- areas and the pronotum posterolaterally with ex- ralis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Nether- tended and deeply impressed areas of larger punc- lands). tures, while in both other subgroups these areas are rather small and weakly impressed only, if present Diagnosis: Similar to other members of the Hy- at all. The H. normandi-complex was considered droporus normandi-complex in the following part of the H. memnonius-subgroup, which differs characters: body elongated, sub-parallel; anten- from the H. melanarius-subgroup as follows: females nae concolorous; gula paler than genae; prono- with a distinct angularity on inner side of gono- tum with lateral beading broad, posterolater- coxae; males with median lobe less curved near the ally with small, weakly impressed areas of larger base, more evenly curved in basal two-thirds, more or less straight in apical third only; parameres broadly triangular, apical part rather short. As opposed to the members of the H. melanarius-subgroup, which have: gonocoxae without angularity on inner side; median lobe more curved near the base, more or less straight in apical half; parameres more narrowly triangular, apical part longer. Within the H. mem- nonius-subgroup Fery (1999) distinguished, apart from the H. normandi-complex, the H. cantabricus- complex and H. memnonius Nicolai, 1822 itself. The H. normandi-complex was characterised by the con- colorous antennae, the fine elytral punctation and the presence of distinct elytral puncture lines. A recent molecular phylogeny based on four mi- tochondrial sequences shows the H. memnonius- subgroup + H. melanarius-subgroup to be mono- phyletic and sister to the H. longulus-group, thereby excluding the H. ferrugineus-subgroup from the H. memnonius-group (Hernando et al. 2012). Hy- droporus obsoletus Aubé, 1838, hitherto considered a member of the H. ferrugineus-subgroup, was shown to be a foreign element and placed on its own in the newly created H. obsoletus-group. The remain- der of the species of the subgroup studied form a monophyletic clade and are in the H. ferrugineus- group, sister of H. memnonius-group + H. longulus- group. The divergence between the H. memnonius- group and the H. longulus-group is estimated to be Fig. 1. Habitus of Hydroporus emergens sp. n.,  holo- at early Pliocene, about 5.1 million years ago. The type. Scale bar 1 mm.

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Figs 2–7. Aedeagus of Hydroporus emergens sp. n. (2–4) and H. normandi normandi (5–7). Median lobe in dorsal (2, 5) and lateral view (3, 6) and paramere (4, 7). Scale bar 0.2 mm.

punctures; elytra with lateral margin weakly as- Pronotum transverse, sides with distinct bead; cending to humeral angle, elytral punctation colour at side and front margins paler; punc- fine, with distinct puncture lines; metacoxal tation on centre of pronotal disc sparser and processes with posterior margin weakly sinu- smaller than on head, denser and larger towards ate. Differing from other H. normandi-complex edges; an irregular line of coarser punctures at members by shape of aedeagal median lobe and some distance from anterior margin, diameter particularly of parameres (Figs 2–7). of punctures about 2–3× of those on head; punctation coarser and denser towards posterior Description: Body length (TL): 3.75 mm. Maxi- angles; posterolaterally with weak impression, mum body width (MW): 1.65 mm. TL/MW punctures here carrying an inconspicuous seta. 2.25. Elytral length (along suture): 2.55 mm. Elytra with punctation similar to that of the Head width: 1.00 mm. Body elongate, sub- head, each puncture carrying an inconspicuous parallel, maximum width at about one third of seta, often as long as or even longer than dis- elytra; lateral outline continuous (Fig. 1). Dorsal tance between two punctures; two irregular lines side light brown, ventral side much darker; sur- of coarser punctures, becoming less distinct api- face shiny, completely covered with dense reg- cally. ular isodiametric cells of microreticulation and Legs, antennae, maxillary and labial palpi con- sparse punctation. colorous testaceous, as pale as anterior part of Head wide; colour of anterior part paler; punc- head. tation sparse, punctures fine, similar in size Ventral side dark brown; mouth parts, gula, pro- to cells of microreticulation, distance between thoracic ventrite and epipleura distinctly paler, punctures 4–6 times their diameter. Two dis- similar in colour to anterior part of head; pos- tinct clypeal fossae with denser punctation. Eyes terior margin of abdominal ventrites slightly with ca 14 ommatidia across maximum diame- paler. Metacoxal processes with posterior mar- ter being normally developed. gin weakly sinuate (Fig. 8).

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Male: Median lobe of aedeagus as in Figs 2– (De Geer, 1774), the dytiscids Agabus bipustula- 3; apex in lateral view unusually flat and tus (Linnaeus, 1767), Bidessus anatolicus anatoli- slightly curved inwards. Parameres as in Fig. 4, cus Wewalka, 1972, Hydaticus transversalis (Pon- rather narrowly triangular, somewhat elongated toppidan, 1763), Hydroporus jonicus L. Miller, at apex. Tarsal claws simple. 1862, Hydrovatus cuspidatus (Kunze, 1818), Laccophilus poecilus Klug, 1834, Liopterus haem- Distribution: So far only known from the type lo- orrhoidalis (Fabricius, 1787), the hydrophilids cality in south-western Turkey. Anacaena limbata (Fabricius, 1792), Chasmo- genus livornicus (Kuwert, 1890), Coelostoma or- Bionomics: The type locality (Fig. 9) is a shal- biculare (Fabricius, 1775), Enochrus cf. melano- low coastal pond, ca 2 ha in size, situated in cephalus (Olivier, 1792), Georissus crenulatus a depression amidst pine forest. The marshy (Rossi, 1794), Limnoxenus niger (Gmelin, pond has very flat, well vegetated banks, with 1790), Paracymus scutellaris (Rosenhauer, 1856) a rather dense emergent vegetation of Juncus and the hydraenid Ochthebius dilataus Stephens, L. with some Phragmites Adans. and Eleocharis 1829. The majority of these are widespread and R.Br. Part of the bank is covered with decid- more or less eurytopic species. Only B. a. ana- uous forest. Water depth in the central part is tolicus has a restricted distribution range. ca 0.5 m. The accompanying species of aquatic Coleoptera included the gyrinid Gyrinus caspius Etymology: The specific epithet emergens is the Ménétriés, 1832, the noterid clavicornis present participle of the Latin emergere [= to surface].

Discussion The elongated body form of H. emergens sp. n. sug- gests a possible preference for (semi)subterranean habitats as can be observed in some other Hy- droporus,e.g.oftheH. ferrugineus-group (Hernando et al. 2012). However, the eyes of the new species are normally developed and not reduced as is usually the case in such species. Also the lentic habitat of the collecting site of H. emergens sp. n. does not corrob- orate a (semi)subterranean habit of the new species, as these usually are observed in springs. We are, how- ever, not sure whether lentic waters are the preferred habitat of the new species. The second author has Fig. 8. Metacoxal process of Hydroporus emergens sp. n. found H. n. normandi and H. normandi alhambrae Scale bar 0.2 mm. Fery, 1999 in large number only in small springs and only single specimens in more lentic habitats. The recently described H. galloprovincialis has also been found in springs (Manuel 2013). The elongated, sub-parallel habitus of H. emergens sp. n. resembles that of the known members of the H. normandi-complex of the H. memnonius-subgroup. Its attribution to this complex is also supported by other characters of its external morphology. See the diagnosis above for an overview of the relevant characters. However, a strong character separating this subgroup from the H. melanarius-subgroup is formed by the distinct angularity on the inner side of female gonocoxae. As the female of the new species is unknown its placement in the H. memnonius- subgroup remains provisional. The shape of the aedeagal median lobe separates Fig. 9. Type locality of Hydroporus emergens sp. n. near H. emergens sp. n. from the other members of the H. Tekirova, Antalya Province, Turkey. normandi-complex: in lateral view the apical part is

Downloaded from Brill.com09/26/2021 06:29:16PM via free access Vorst & Fery: Hydroporus emergens sp. n. 149 unusually flat and its curvature is mainly restricted Nilsson, A.N., 2001. Dytiscidae (Coleoptera). World cat- to the basal third as opposed to being evident in the alogue of , Vol. 3. – Apollo Books, Stenstrup, basal half in the other members. The parameres dif- , 395 pp. fer from those of the other members of the complex Nilsson, A.N., 2003. Family Dytiscidae. – In: I. Löbl & by their rather narrowly triangular shape and some- A. Smetana (eds), Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera, what elongated apex, as opposed to the somewhat Vol. 1, Archostemata – Myxophaga – Adephaga. Apollo less narrowly triangular shape and the absence of a Books, Stenstrup, Denmark, 35–78 pp. distinctly elongated apex in the other members. To- Nilsson, A.N., 2014. A world catalogue of the family gether these characters suggest that H. emergens sp. Dytiscidae, or the diving (Coleoptera, Ade- phaga). Version 1.I.2014. – Privately published 306 pp. n. might be the sister species of the remainder of the http://www2.emg.umu.se/projects/biginst/andersn/ H. normandi-complex, which would be in line with WCD_20140101.pdf (accessed on 16.iii.2014). its geographical isolation from the western Mediter- Nilsson, A.N. & J. Hájek, 2014. Catalogue of Palearctic ranean ranges of these species. Dytiscidae (Coleoptera). Version 1.I.2014. – Privately published, 48 pp. http://www2.emg.umu.se/projects/ biginst/andersn/PAL_CAT_2014.pdf (accessed on References 16.iii.2014). Fery, H., 1999. Revision of a part of the memnonius-group Nilsson, A.N. & M. Holmen, 1995. The aquatic Adephaga of Hydroporus Clairville, 1806 (Insecta: Coleoptera: (Coleoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. II. Dytis- Dytiscidae) with the description of nine new taxa, and cidae. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica, Vol. 32. – notes on other species of the genus. – Annalen des E.J. Brill, Leiden, the Netherlands, 188 pp. Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 101B: 217–269. Ribera, I., C. Hernando & P.Aguilera, 1999. An annotated Hernando, C., P. Aguilera, A. Castro & I. Ribera, 2012. checklist of the Iberian water beetles (Coleoptera). – A new interstitial species of the Hydroporus ferrugineus Zapateri, Revista Aragonesa de Entomología 8: 43– group from north-western Turkey, with a molecular 111. phylogeny of the H. memnonius and related groups Silfverberg, H., 2010. Enumeratio renovata Coleoptero- (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Hydroporinae). – Zootaxa rum Fennoscandiae, Daniae et Baltiae. – Sahlbergia 3173: 37–53. 16(2): 1–144. Manuel, M., 2013. A new semi-subterranean diving bee- tle of the Hydroporus normandi-complex from south- eastern France, with notes on other taxa of the complex Received: March 24, 2014 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). – Zootaxa 3652: 453–474. Accepted: May 19, 2014

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