Authors’ Biographies

including the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Strait of Gibraltar, Gulf of Cadiz, Mediterranean Sea, Tyrrhenian Sea, Alboran Sea, Henderson Lake, Lake Erie, Arabian Gulf, Strait of Hormuz, Arabian Sea, and currently the Red Sea for the last 10 years. His research interests have concentrated on the fields of both shallow and deep water sedimentary processes, depositional mechanisms and environmental aspects. These include research on modern underwater sedimentary features and processes involved in their formation, deep sea turbidite systems, sediment dispersal and pathways, sediment plumes, fluxes and deposition, contaminants and chemical pathways Najeeb M.A. Rasul for pollution and their environmental impact in both time and Technical Advisor space, as well as marine mineral resources. He has also Center for Marine Geology, Saudi Geological Survey, worked on the formation and exploration of oil and gas in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia deltas and offshore regions. [email protected]

Dr. Najeeb M.A. Rasul holds a Master’s degree in Marine Geology, and has a Ph.D. in Geological Oceanography from the University of Wales, UK. He is presently a Technical Advisor at the Saudi Geological Survey (SGS) in Jeddah. For the past 15 years he has been associated with several orga- nizations and has held key research positions at Geological and Geophysical Research Systems in Canada, the Chal- lenger Division for Seafloor Processes at the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK., Environment Canada in Burlington, Canada, and the Center for Marine Geology at the SGS, where he was the Head of the center Ian C.F. Stewart from 2003 to 2010. He has conducted research cruises with Consultant European Union Research centres, including the Institute of Stewart Geophysical Consultants Pty. Ltd., Marine Sciences (ISMAR), Italy and the IOC-UNESCO Adelaide, South Australia (TTR programme) and has been a EUROMARGINS and [email protected] Saudi Scientific Coordinator. He has been involved in several research projects and cruises as chief scientist, and scientific Dr. Ian Stewart received a Ph.D. in seismology from the investigator in the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans, University of Adelaide, South Australia. From 1974 until

N.M.A. Rasul and I.C.F. Stewart (eds.), The Red Sea, 615 Springer Earth System Sciences, DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-45201-1, © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015 616 Authors’ Biographies

1982 he was with the Department of Earth Sciences at Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada, where he taught geophysics. He then carried out research and worked on potential fields for Saudi Aramco in the Exploration Department in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia until 1996, and later for Normandy Exploration in Australia for 2 years in gold exploration. He was the Geophysical Technical Adviser to the Saudi Geological Survey, Jeddah, between 2003 and 2013. He is an independent geophysical consultant based in Adelaide, applying proprietary methods for processing gravity and magnetic data for numerous mining and oil companies in Australia, the Middle East, Africa and North Enrico Bonatti and South America. Professor Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), Columbia University, USA and Istituto Di Scienze Marine-CNR (ISMAR), Italy [email protected]

Dr. Enrico Bonatti holds degrees in Geology from the University of Pisa, Italy. In 1960 he was at Yale University with a Fullbright Fellowship. He then moved to Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California as an Assistant Research Geologist. In 1965 he moved to the University of Miami School of Marine Science where in 1971 he became a Full Professor of Marine Geology. In 1975 he Zohair A. Nawab moved to Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia President University, U.S., as Doherty Senior Scientist. In 2002 he Saudi Geological Survey, became Professor of Geodynamics at the University of Rome Jeddah, Saudi Arabia La Sapienza, and Director of the Institute of Marine Sciences [email protected] of the Italian Research Council (CNR). He is presently an Associate at the Institute of Marine Sciences of the CNR and a Dr. Zohair Nawab has been the President of the Saudi Special Scientist at Columbia University Lamont Doherty Geological Survey, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia since 2006. Earth Observatory. He is a member of the Russian Academy He has a Ph.D. from the University of Western Ontario in of Science, of the European Academy of Science and a Fellow London, Ontario, Canada as well as a Diploma in Applied of the American Geophysical Union. He was awarded the Geology from the South Dakota School of Mines and Patterson Medal in Oceanography by the Royal Swedish Technology in Rapid City, South Dakota, USA. From 1978 Academy of Science and the Feltrinelli Prize by the Italian to 1985 he was the Assistant Secretary General for the Accademia dei Lincei. He has led over 30 oceanographic Saudi-Sudanese Red Sea Commission, and was a member of expeditions in the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian and Antarctic the Saudi Arabian Delegation to the UN Law of the Sea Oceans, in the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. He has Conference and to the UN Sea-Bed Authority for many participated in DSDP-IODP drilling legs. He dived several years. In 2001 he became the Deputy Minister for Mineral times to the floor of the Atlantic with the Alvin and Nautile Resources, and became a Senior Advisor in the Ministry of submersibles. He has done field work in the Afar Rift (Ethi- Petroleum and Mineral Resources in 2003. He has also opia), Polar Urals (Russia), Tunguska (Siberia), Zabargad served as a board member of the Saudi Company for Pre- Island (Red Sea) and elsewhere. He has done research on cious Metals and the Saudi Arabian Mining Company various aspects of the geology of the oceans and has written (Ma’aden), the Saudi Geological Survey, as well as the about 200 scientific papers, including many in journals such Steering Committee for Railway Expansion Projects. He is as Nature and Science. He has also published many more the co-author of three books and has published many papers. popular articles in journals such as Scientific American. Authors’ Biographies 617

Luca Lipi is an explorer, photographer and writer. After studying geology and volcanology at the University of Pisa he founded Vulcano Esplorazioni, and through this society he has organized many scientific expeditions and explored many volcanoes in the world, especially in East Africa, Iceland and America. He has written scientific articles, numerous publi- cations and books on volcanoes that have been translated into many languages and has produced popular science docu- mentaries. He is the author of the international project “Encyclopaedia Aethiopica”, managed by the University of Hamburg. He is considered to be one of the leading world experts on the geology, geography and history of the Afar Anna Cipriani region, which he has extensively studied and explored (http:// Assistant Professor www.dancalia.it). He is undertaking the first complete and University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy and detailed geological and route map of this area (1:950,000–1: Adjunct Associate Research Scientist at Lamont 400,000 scales) as well as the first geological raised relief map Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, USA of this area (http://www.lac-cartografia.it). He has lectured [email protected] extensively in Italy and elsewhere on the Afar region. Dr. Anna Cipriani holds B.A., M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in Geology and Earth and Environmental Sciences from the University of Padua (Italy) and Columbia University (USA). Currently, she is an Assistant Professor of Geochemistry at the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (Italy) and is an Adjunct Associate Research Scientist at the Lamont- Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University. She has participated in a number of major expeditions in the central Atlantic, in the Peri-Antarctic Ocean and in the Red Sea, including an ODP leg. Her research focuses on mantle geochemistry and more specifically on what the isotope geochemistry of the oceanic lithosphere can tell us on mantle composition and melting below mid ocean ridges, and on William P. Bosworth processes of generation of the oceanic crust. Senior Geological Advisor Apache Companies, Egypt [email protected]

William (Bill) Bosworth is a Senior Geological Advisor for Apache Egypt Companies based in Cairo, Egypt. He has over 30 years petroleum exploration experience, mostly in North and East Africa and the Near and Middle East. His education included Bachelors and Masters of Science degrees at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and a Ph.D. in structural geology at the State University of New York at Luca A. Lupi Albany, USA. Prior to joining the oil industry, he taught at Research Scientist Colgate University and worked on research projects in the University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy northeastern United States and Canada. Later research [email protected] interests focused on continental rift systems, intra-plate 618 Authors’ Biographies stress fields, and the geodynamics of North Africa. He is an data acquisition, processing and interpretation, multibeam Associate Editor of the Journal of African Earth Sciences acquisition and processing, and inversion and modelling of and of Marine and Petroleum Geology. Bill has been an gravity data along mid ocean ridges. He has led several active member of the American Association of Petroleum oceanographic expeditions in the Mediterranean, Atlantic Geologists and is presently president-elect for its Africa and Indian Oceans and has written over 80 scientific papers Region. In 2014 he received the AAPG Distinguished Ser- of which 43 are in ISI journals and 4 are in journals such as vice Award for his work in support of Egyptian university Nature and Science. He has supervised several graduate students. He is a Board Member of the Egyptian Petroleum students from the Universities of Bologna and Rome, Italy. Exploration Society and frequently leads field trips to the Red Sea and Gulf of Suez.

Axel Ehrhardt Senior Research Scientist Marco Ligi Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Senior Research Scientist Federal Institute for Geosciences and Istituto Di Scienze Marine-CNR (ISMAR), Italy Natural Resources, Hannover, Germany [email protected] [email protected]

Dr. Marco Ligi is presently a Senior Research Scientist at Dr. Axel Ehrhardt has been a research scientist at the the Institute of Marine Sciences, National Research Council Federal Institute of Geosciences and Natural Resources (CNR) in Bologna. His scientific career has included La (BGR), Germany, since 2004, where he is responsible for Spezia at ENEA as a consultant in numerical cartography reflection seismic data acquisition, processing and manage- and database management systems, at Rice University, ment. He attended the University of Münster and then Houston, as a one-year Associate Researcher on multi- undertook a Diploma Thesis at the Alfred Wegener Institute channel seismic processing, and more than 20 years at the for Polar and Marine Research in Bremerhaven. He received Institute of Marine Sciences. His research interests started his Ph.D. in 2004 from the Institute of Geophysics at the with numerical cartography, but soon shifted to geophysics University of Hamburg, where his research involved the and structural aspects of the origin and evolution of ocean acquisition, processing and interpretation of high resolution basins, ranging from geophysical modelling to the tectonics seismic data from the northern Red Sea and Gulf of Aqaba in of oceanic transform plate boundaries, to the transition from order to map fault systems and sedimentary patterns asso- continental to oceanic rifting in the Red Sea. In particular, ciated with the tectonic development of the region. He has his present scientific activity is focused on the geophysics of also acquired and mapped seismic data from several other basic processes at accretionary plate boundaries such as parts of the world, including the Arctic, South Atlantic, mantle flow and melting modelling, multichannel seismic Indian Ocean, South China Sea and the Mediterranean. Authors’ Biographies 619

erosion and growth of volcanic structures, supported by research fellowships held at Lamont-Doherty Earth Obser- vatory, and the Universities of New Brunswick, Durham, Oxford and Cardiff. In Manchester, he is pursuing a range of research on seabed morphology in a variety of settings including continental margins and volcanic islands.

Christian P. Hübscher Professor CEN - Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability Institute of Geophysics, University of Hamburg Bundesstrasse 55, 20146 Hamburg, Germany [email protected]

Dr. Christian Hübscher has been the head of the marine seismic and hydroacoustic working group at the University of Robert E. Reilinger Hamburg since 1998. His first experiences in geophysical field Principal Research Scientist work were in 1990 when he participated in an Antarctic expe- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), dition as a diploma student from the University of Münster. Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA Marine geophysics became his passion as a Ph.D. student at the [email protected] Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research in Dr. Reilinger is a Principal Research Scientist at the Depart- Bremerhaven. After several years as an Assistant Professor at ment of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massa- the University of Bremen he moved to Hamburg where he chusetts Institute of Technology. His research has focused on concentrated on morphogenetic geological processes in the using geodesy, primarily the Global Positioning System (GPS) marine environment. During more than 40 marine research and Interferometric Synthetic Aperature Radar (InSAR), to fi cruises and eld campaigns he investigated active plate and observe crustal motions and deformations. For the last 25 years fl salt tectonics, volcanism, uid escape structures and current his research has been focused on the Arabia-Africa-Eurasia controlled sedimentation in various settings worldwide. plate system and “greater” Mediterranean region. Results of this research are relevant to understanding the dynamics of plate motions, lithospheric rheology, and earthquake/tsunami and volcanic hazards. Reilinger has published more than 70 papers in the refereed literature since 1991.

Neil C. Mitchell Reader School of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, University of Manchester, UK. [email protected] Simon C. McClusky Dr. Neil Mitchell is a marine earth scientist who holds a Senior Fellow readership at the University of Manchester. He gained his Australian National University (ANU), D.Phil. from the University of Oxford in 1989 for his work Research School of Earth Sciences (RSES) on the Indian Ocean Triple Junction and has since broadened Canberra, ACT, Australia his interests in mid-ocean ridges, faulting, sedimentation, [email protected] 620 Authors’ Biographies

Dr. Simon McClusky received his Bachelor of Surveying Geodesy. His thesis is on innovative strategies of pro- (B. Surv.) with first class honours and his Ph.D. from the cessing and analyzing regional networks consisting of University of New South Wales (UNSW) School of Survey- stations using the Global Positioning System (GPS). At ing. McClusky then worked as a postdoctoral researcher in the KACST, He has been involved in giving lectures at the Geodesy and Geodynamics group at the Department of Earth, local universities as well as undertaking research. His Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute research has been focused on the application space geodesy of Technology (MIT) before taking a position as Research and other remote sensing means in the study of geophysics Scientist within the same group, working there for 17 years. and the local environment. Since 1997, his research has In 2010 he returned to Australia, joining the Geodesy and been focused on the Red sea expansion and the resulting Geodynamics group at the Research School of Earth Sciences, crustal motions and deformations. Working closely with Australian National University (ANU), as a Senior Fellow. colleagues within KSA, neighboring countries, and beyond, His early research focused on improving the precision, accu- such as the USA and Turkey, a number of papers were racy and usability of geodetic techniques, primarily the Global published on the Arabia-Africa-Eurasia plate system and Positioning System (GPS) for Earth science research appli- “greater” Mediterranean region. Results of this research are cations. Subsequently his research has primarily focused on relevant to understanding the dynamics of plate motions, exploiting geodetic techniques to improve our understanding lithospheric rheology, and earthquake/tsunami and volcanic of the Earth system. Of particular interest has been precisely hazards. quantifying the kinematics of crustal deformation in the Ara- bia-Africa-Eurasia zone of tectonic plate interaction. Results of this research are necessary constraints for models that describe the dynamics of plate tectonics, the rheology of the Earth’s lithosphere and mantle, and earthquake/tsunami and volcanic hazards. More recently he has been investigating using a combination of space geodetic techniques to explore the interaction of climate and global mass balance, specifically looking at the spatial and temporal relationships between ice sheet mass changes, continental hydrology variability, glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) and sea level changes.

Salah El Hadidy Youssef Technical Advisor National Center for Earthquakes and Volcanoes, Saudi Geological Survey, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia [email protected]

Dr. Salah El Hadidy is a Technical Advisor in seismology at the National Center for Earthquakes and Volcanoes, Saudi Geological Survey, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. He received a M.Sc. in seismology from Cairo University and a Ph.D. in seismology (seismology and seismotectonics) from Ain Abdullah ArRajehi Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. He was an Associate Research Scientist Professor at the National Research Institute for Astronomy King Abdulaziz City for Science & Technology, and Geophysics (NRIAG), Helwan, Egypt and the Director (KACST) Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabia of the Earthquake Disaster Reduction Center at NRIAG. He [email protected] has been a reviewer for national and international seismo- logical journals and has supervised many Ph.D. and M.Sc., Dr. ArRajehi is a Research Scientist at the National Center theses in seismology. Among his other research activities he of Petroleum and Gas, King Abdulaziz City for Science & was responsible for establishing the Egyptian National Technology. His Ph.D. is in Civil Engineering/Space Seismic Network. Authors’ Biographies 621

University of Asmara in 1985 with a B.Sc., majoring in Physics and mathematics. In 1990 he received an M.Sc., in Exploration Geophysics from Indian Institute of Technol- ogy, Kharagpur, India. From 1985 to 1993 he worked as a geophysicist in the Ethiopian Institute of Geological Surveys where he conducted different geophysical surveys for min- eral exploration. In 1993 he joined the Eritrean Geological Surveys as a senior Geophysicist and head of the Geophysics Unit involved in leading Geophysical Projects dealing with mineral exploration, groundwater, geothermal and engi- neering applications. In July 2011 he moved to the Ghebrebrhan M. Ogubazghi Institute of Technology, Eritrea and is working as a Lecturer Professor in Geophysics and is involved in seismic stations deploy- Department of Earth Sciences, ment, maintenance and seismic data analysis. Currently he is Eritrea Institute of Technology doing his Ph.D. on seismology and seismic hazard analysis P.O. Box 12767, Mai Nefhi, Asmara, Eritrea at the University of Bristol, UK. His current research inter- [email protected] ests include seismic data analysis, seismicity of volcanic areas and seismic hazard assessment. Dr. Ghebrebrhan Ogubazghi is currently professor and head of the geophysics research team at the Eritrea Institute of Technology. He received the B.Sc., M.Sc., and the Ph.D. degrees, respectively, from the universities of Addis Ababa (), Nice (France), and Toulon (France). He was with the Geophysical Observatory of the from 1977 to 1992, and did research in optimizing the signal pro- cessing system of the new generation of clear air meteorological radars. In 1992, he joined the in Eritrea where his research focussed on seismology and seismic hazard assessment. From 2004 up to present he has been with the Eritrea Institute of Technology. He was an Associate of the International Centre of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, SigurjónJónsson from 1991 to 1998, and was visiting scholar at the universities Associate Professor of Toulon, Kyoto (Japan), Bergen (Norway), and . He King Abdullah University of Science and Technology has held academic leadership positions at the University of (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia Asmara and the Eritrea Institute of Technology. [email protected]

Dr. SigurjónJónsson received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in geophysics from the University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Ice- land, in 1994 and 1996 respectively, and a M.S. in electrical engineering and a Ph.D. in geophysics from Stanford Uni- versity in 2002. His thesis work focused on using Interfer- ometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) measurements to constrain deformation models of volcanic and seismic pro- cesses. He was awarded the Reginald A. Daly Postdoctoral Fellowship at the Department of Earth and Planetary Sci- ences, Harvard University, in 2002, where he continued applying InSAR to various geophysical problems. From Berhe Goitom 2004 to 2009 he was a Senior Researcher and Lecturer with Seismologist the Institute of Geophysics, ETH Zurich, Switzerland. Since Eritrea Institute of Technology, Eritrea 2009 he has been an Associate Professor in geophysics at the [email protected] King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia. Berhe Goitom is a lecturer in geophysics at the Eritrea Institute of Technology, Eritrea. He graduated from the 622 Authors’ Biographies

(Integrated Ocean Drilling Program) expert panel for safety and the environment (EPSP). Through his research on features and processes in the seafloor, he has published four books and more than 100 peer reviewed papers. They range in topics from Deep-Sea Geohazards, including pockmarks, seepage, gas hydrates, slides, and mud volcanoes—to the enigmatic Norwegian deep-water coral reefs (Lophelia reefs). He also continues to work on natural high-temperature/high pressure (HTHP) systems (hydrothermal systems), including the for- mation of salt (NaCl) on Earth and Mars, serpentinization, and abiotic hydrocarbon formation. He is currently a senior con- sultant/advisor with the Norwegian company Tech Team Wenbin Xu Solutions, Stavanger. His working title is Professor Emeritus. Research Associate Earth Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955–6900, Saudi Arabia [email protected]

Wenbin Xu received his B.Sc., degree in surveying engi- neering and his M.Sc., degree in photogrammetry and remote sensing from the Central South University, Changsha, China, in 2008 and 2011, respectively. Since 2011 he has been working towards his Ph.D. degree in Earth Science and Engineering at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia. His main research interests are on the use of space geodesy (including Håkon G. Rueslåtten InSAR and GPS) for monitoring crustal deformation, InSAR Senior Research Scientist atmospheric correction, and InSAR time series analysis. Numerical Rocks, N-7000 Trondheim, Norway [email protected]

Dr. Håkon Rueslåtten graduated from the University of Oslo in 1976 with a Ph.D. in Geology and continued as a Researcher in the university’s Department of Geology until 1978. In 1978– 1979 he worked as a consultant in hydrogeology in an engi- neering company, NOTEBY A/S. Between 1979–1984 he held an Associate Professor position in Engineering Geology, Uni- versity of Trondheim. In 1984 he joined the Department of Petroleum Technology in SINTEF, Trondheim, to establish a multi-disciplinary project team working on reservoir charac- terization, and in the period 1986–2005 he was a Research Advisor at Statoil’s R&D facility in Trondheim. Joining Martin Hovland Numerical Rocks in 2005, Håkon now holds the position of Senior Research Scientist Chief Geoscientist. His special field of competence is within Tech Team Solutions, Stavanger, Norway reservoir characterization, mineralogy and geochemistry. [email protected] In 2002, he was a member of a small group of Statoil Dr. Philos Martin Hovland M.Sc., Ph.D. FGS, has been scientists who looked into aspects of hydrothermal processes. working for the Norwegian energy company Statoil ASA from During this work, the group studied the unique properties of 1976 to 2012 as senior engineer and marine geology specialist. supercritical water (SCRIW); a fluid that is capable of dis- He was simultaneously associated with the Universities of solving organic matter but cannot dissolve common sea salts Tromsø and Bergen (Norway), as lecturer and adjunct pro- at specific PT-conditions. The results from this study form the fessor, from 2010 (at the Centre for Geobiology, University of basis for new research into the formation of hydrothermal Bergen). Since 1987 he has also been member of the IODP salts in various sub-surface geological environments. Authors’ Biographies 623

University, using a combination of geological and geophysi- cal methods to investigate different aspects of continental shelf and slope areas.

Hans K. Johnsen R&D Manager Det norske oljeselskap ASA, Norway [email protected] Mark Schmidt Dr. Hans Johnsen has been the R&D manager for Det norske Senior Research Scientist oljeselskap ASA since 2008. He obtained a M.Sc., in 1976 GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, and a Ph.D. in 1982 from the Norwegian Institute of Wischhofstr. 1-3, 24148, Kiel, Germany Technology in Trondheim. From 1983 to 1992 he was the [email protected] managing director of petroleum consultant PETRECO As. He was the manager of the Centre for Applied Gas Technology in Dr. Mark Schmidt is a member of the Marine Biogeo- Statoil from 1992 to 1995, and later the project manager for chemistry Division of the German research institute GEO- SOFC fuel cell development in Statoil from 1995 to1996. MAR. He started his scientific career in the 1990s as a physical From 1996 to 1999 he was a member of the R&D Strategic chemist (Ph.D. in atmospheric chemistry), and then changed Advisory Board in Statoil, and then the R&D manager, New to earth sciences (habilitation in geosciences in 2006). In Ideas, Radical Research Program for Statoil until 2008. recent years his research interests have covered the use of stable isotopes to reconstruct biogeochemical processes in the earth sciences. He is a specialist on mineral formation at cold and hot marine vent areas. In addition, he has investigated trace gas-formation, -degradation, and -transport processes in most of the oceans worldwide. He has participated in six international research cruises into the Red Sea and has become an expert on brines and hydrocarbon formation for this area.

Peter Feldens Postdoc Institute of Geosciences, Kiel University, Otto-Hahn Platz 1, 24118 Kiel, Germany [email protected]

Dr. Peter Feldens is a marine geologist, who received his doctorate from Kiel University in 2011 for work dealing with Radwan Al-Farawati the impact of the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami on the inner Associate Professor continental shelf off Thailand, and for research on the evolu- Marine Chemistry Department, Faculty of Marine Sciences, tion of the south-western Baltic Sea during the Holocene. King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Currently, he works in the Marine Geophysics and Hydro- Jeddah, Saudi Arabia acoustics department of the Institute of Geophysics at Kiel [email protected] 624 Authors’ Biographies

Dr. Radwan Al-Farawati earned a B.Sc., in Marine international journals on multidisciplinary marine and ter- Chemistry in 1990 from the Faculty of Marine Sciences, restrial research that combines geochemical, mineralogical, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. He microbiological, and geophysical studies. His contributions received his Ph.D. in oceanography in 1998 from the on organic geochemistry of the Red Sea brine sediments and Oceanography Laboratories, Liverpool University, UK. He authigenic carbonates in the Red Sea cover the most recent subsequently joined the Department of Marine Chemistry, findings in that field of research. Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia. Since 1999 he has been the Chairman of the Marine Chemistry Department. His research interests cover a wide area related to the marine environment. However, his main research interest is on the distribution of nutrients and trace metals in the coastal waters of the eastern Red Sea, and the speciation of dissolved trace metals in seawater. He has participated in research carried out jointly by KAU and IFM- Geomar to study the geochemistry of methane gas in the hot brines and shallow areas of the Red Sea.

Pierre M. Anschutz Professor EPOC: Environnements et Paleoenvironnements Oceaniques et Continentaux, Universite Bordeaux, CNRS, Talence, France [email protected]

Dr. Pierre Anschutz has been at the University of Bor- deaux, France, since 1996, where he is currently a Professor. He received his Ph.D. in 1993 in geochemistry from the Reiner Botz University of Strasbourg, followed by lecturing at that uni- Senior Research Scientist versity, then a post-doctoral position at INRS, Rimouski, Institute of Geosciences University of Kiel, Canada until 1996. His research is mainly on redox pro- Ludewig-Meyn-Straße 10, 24118 Kiel, Germany cesses in natural marine environments, at the interface [email protected] between geochemistry and biology, in order to understand early diagenesis, sedimentary geochemical records, and Dr. Reiner Botz is with the Institute of Geosciences, Uni- biogeochemistry in coastal environments. This has included versity of Kiel, Germany. He has been working for more studies of early diagenesis, benthic biogeochemistry at the than 30 years in geochemistry and is a specialist in isotope sediment-water interface, coastal and tidal ecosystems, geochemistry. His research covers a wide range of scientific the genesis and recording of paleo-oceanographic proxies, approaches that clarify the processes in mineral formation, the geochemical dynamics of inorganic contaminants, and hydrocarbon formation, and related secondary (diagenetic) oceanic hydrothermalism in the Red Sea. He has published processes. He has published more than 70 papers in about 80 papers in the refereed literature since 1993. Authors’ Biographies 625

he was involved in the preparation for the establishment of Marine Protected Areas and Science Priority Areas on the High Seas.

Hjalmar Thiel Professor University of Hamburg, Institute for Hydrobiology and Fishery, and Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany Ludwig Karbe [email protected] Senior Research Scientist and Lecturer University of Hamburg, Dr. Hjalmar Thiel is an Emeritus Professor at the Univer- Zoological Institute and the Institute for Hydrobiology and sity of Hamburg, Germany. He attended the Universities of Fishery Science, Germany Hamburg, Bonn and Kiel, studying zoology, marine science and botany. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Dr. Ludwig Karbe studied at the University of Hamburg, Kiel in 1962. From 1962 to 1995 he held various positions at Germany, specialising in zoology, botany, and aquatic and the Institute for Hydrobiology and Fishery Science at the fishery science. He obtained his Ph.D. there in 1960, and from University of Hamburg, where he taught courses in marine 1959 to 1998 held various positions at the University of Ham- hydrobiology, especially that of the deep sea, as well as the burg at the Zoological Institute and the Institute for Hydrobi- environmental impacts of deep-sea usage. Then from 1995 ology and Fishery Science. This included teaching courses in to 1998 he was associated with the Alfred Wegener Institute zoology, aquatic biology, and water and aquatic resources for Polar and Marine Research in Bremerhaven. His research management. His research focussed on sympatric speciation in has included quantitative studies of the distribution of deep- fish populations and phenomena associated with changing sea benthos in various biogeographical regions under dif- ecological conditions in freshwater and marine environments. ferent ecological conditions. He has evaluated the environ- He has also evaluated anthropogenic impacts and carried out mental impact of the deep-sea disposal of atomic waste risk assessments in freshwater and marine environments, products, the mining of metalliferous sediments from the including the Red Sea, with special reference to the eco-toxi- deep Red Sea, and the mining of polymetallic nodules in the cological and human-health related effects of contaminants. He Pacific Ocean. He has also studied man-made coastal lagoon was the German delegate to the OECD Water Management ecology related to nature conservation. From 1999 to 2005 Policy Group (Group of Experts in Biological Testing). 626 Authors’ Biographies

Ahmed Rushdi Horst Weikert Research Director Senior Research Scientist and Lecturer Chair of Green Energy Research, College of Food and University of Hamburg, Institute for Hydrobiology and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University (KSU), Fishery Science, Germany Riyadh, Saudi Arabia [email protected] Dr. Horst Weikert attended the Universities of Münster and Kiel, Germany, specialising in the fields of oceanography, Dr. Ahmed Rushdi has been an Associate Professor at King zoology, botany and limnology, and he obtained his Ph.D. Saud University in Riyadh since 2008. After graduating from ’ from the University of Kiel in 1970. From 1969 to 1971 he Sana a University in Yemen, he obtained a Ph.D. in 1989 was associated with the Institute for Marine Science in from the College of Oceanography at Oregon State Univer- ’ Bremerhaven, and from 1971 to 2007 was at the Institute for sity, USA. From 1989 to 1997 he was with Sana a University, Hydrobiology and Fishery Science at the University of where he became Head of the Department of Oceanography in Hamburg. While at Hamburg he taught courses in marine 1991. During this time he was involved with several projects hydrobiology, particularly zooplankton ecology, and struc- to establish research in oceanography and studied the marine tures and trophic interactions in open ocean and deep water environment in Yemen. From 1995 he also held research communities. His research activities included the quantitative positions at the University of Michigan and Scripps Institution analysis of the composition and distribution of shelf and deep of Oceanography in San Diego. Since 1998 he has also been sea zooplankton communities in temperate and tropical seas, an Associate Professor (Senior Research and courtesy posi- focussing on key species, and biogeochemical fluxes in tions) at Oregon State University. He has received several – – response to climatic change. He has also been involved in the awards, including USAID (1983 1989), UNDP (1994 1995) – evaluation of the potential impact induced in pelagic com- and Fullbright (1995 1996) Scholarships, and has published fi munities by deep-sea mining of metalliferous sediments in extensively in international scienti c journals. the Red Sea and polymetallic nodules in the Pacific Ocean. Authors’ Biographies 627

Tides, Surges and Mean Sea Level (1996) and Changing Sea Levels (2004). His recent work includes “Socio-economic indicators of marine related activities in the UK Economy” published by The Crown Estates in June 2008; and “Troubled Waters: Ocean science and governance”, co-edited with Geoff Holland, in 2010. Recently, he has worked (UK NOC) and published on sea levels in the Falklands, and tides in Loch Ness, Scotland, with Philip Woodworth. Together they are preparing a new book on Tides, surges, tsunami and mean sea level to be published by Cambridge University Press in 2014.

David Pugh Marine Science Consultant National Oceanography Centre Joseph Proudman Building 6 Brownlow Street Liverpool L3 5DA, UK [email protected]

Dr. David Pugh is a marine science consultant based in Chester, UK. Following a Ph.D. in geodesy and geophysics from the University of Cambridge in 1968 he worked at the Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory, Merseyside. In 1984 he became Head of Oceanography, Hydrology and Meteo- Yasser Abualnaja rology, Science Division, NERC. He has also served as Senior Scientist fi Head of Information and Scienti c Services in the former Red Sea Science & Engineering Research Center – Institute of Oceanographic Sciences (1987 1992) and as P.O. Box 2134, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science Secretary to the United Kingdom Government Committee and Technology (KAUST), – on Marine Science and Technology (1992 2003). Thuwal, Saudi Arabia Elected President of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic [email protected] Commission of UNESCO (2003–2007), he had previously been the Founding Chairman of the IOC Global Sea Level Dr. Yasser Abualnaja has been a senior scientist in the Red network, GLOSS. In addition to leading and serving many Sea Research Center (RSRC) at King Abdullah University international organisations within the UN and ICSU, he has of Science and Technology (KAUST) since September maintained an active program of research associated with 2009. He obtained a Ph.D. in Physical Oceanography field Liverpool University and the National Oceanography Centre from Florida Tech. in the US in 2005, as well as two M.Sc. (NOC), Liverpool where he is a visiting Professor. His degrees in Physical Oceanography and Coastal Zone Man- interests include tides, surges, mean sea level, coastal man- agement, after which he joined the Physical Oceanography agement and climate change, the economics of marine Department in King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah. He has activities related to GDP, and the history of sea level. participated in joint projects between KAUST and several Awards include Fellowships of the Institute of Physics, the international organisations, such as the Woods Hole International Association of Geodesy, and the Institute of Oceanographic Institution, including taking part in research Marine Engineering, Science and Technology, the 2003 cruises. His oceanography research interests have focussed Presidents Award of the Society for Underwater technology, on the air-sea interaction, estimating air-sea heat fluxes and and a 2009 Shackleton Memorial Scholarship. He has been a error analyses, water mass, salt and heat exchange, the air- Trustee and Council member of the IMarEST and the UK sea boundary layer response to atmospheric forcing, obser- Marine Conservation Society. In the 2003 he was awarded an vation and analysis of meso-scale ocean circulation, and OBE for services to marine sciences. He is the author of integrated coastal zone management. 628 Authors’ Biographies

Oceanographic Institution. He obtained his Ph.D. in physical oceanography from the Massachusetts Institute of Technol- ogy and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in 2007, where he was the recipient of the MIT Presidential Fel- lowship. He took a postdoctoral research position at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and joined the fac- ulty in 2008. He had previously earned the S.M. degree from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and B.S. (physics) and B.A. (philosophy) degrees from the University of Oklahoma. He has led three oceanographic research cruises in the Red Sea and has participated in eight other Amy S. Bower oceanographic research cruises. His research interests Senior Scientist include air-sea interaction and exchange, dynamics of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), USA upper ocean, dynamics of the tropical oceans and atmo- [email protected] sphere, oceanic internal waves and eddies, and ocean observing and instrumentation. He has authored or co- Dr. Amy S. Bower is a Senior Scientist in the Depart- authored 14 peer-reviewed scientific journal articles on these ment of Physical Oceanography at the Woods Hole topics and has presented more than 20 papers at interna- Oceanographic Institution. She earned her Ph.D. in tional scientific conferences. Oceanography from the University of Rhode Island Graduate School of Oceanography in 1988 and began her career at WHOI as a postdoctoral scholar. She was awarded tenure at WHOI in 1999. Her research is focused on boundary currents and eddies and their role in main- taining the distributions of water properties in the ocean. She uses many observational tools in her research, including subsurface acoustically tracked floats, surface drifters, moored current meters, hull-mounted and lowered acoustic doppler current profilers as well as hydrographic profilers. Over the past several years, she has been leading the first large-scale hydrographic and current surveys of the eastern Red Sea. Sarantis Sofianos Assistant Professor National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece sofi[email protected]

Prof. Sarantis Sofianos is an assistant professor at the University of Athens, Faculty of Physics, and coordinator of the Ocean Physics and Modeling group. After graduating from the University of Athens he obtained his Ph.D. in Meteorology and Physical Oceanography from the Univer- sity of Miami in 2000. His research is focused on the dynamics of semi-enclosed seas, coastal processes and cli- John T. Farrar mate variability using seagoing and numerical modeling Research Scientist techniques, including operational oceanography. He partic- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), USA ipates in the board of the Mediterranean Oceanography [email protected] Network for the Global Ocean Observing System.

Dr. John T. Farrar is an Associate Scientist in the Department of Physical Oceanography at the Woods Hole Authors’ Biographies 629

UK, for his thesis on the circulation and mixing in the Irish Sea. He then joined the University of Karachi, where he was a member of several academic bodies. In 1983 he joined the Department of Marine Physics, Faculty of Marine Science at King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. He has actively participated in scientific cruises to the Irish Sea, North Sea, Arabian Gulf and the Red Sea. His publications span a wide range of topics including tidal analysis, residual currents, air-sea interaction processes, formation of the thermocline and fronts in coastal areas. Many of his publi- William E. Johns cations relate to the Irish Sea, Red Sea, Arabian Gulf and Professor adjacent waters. Division of Meteorology and Physical Oceanography, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149, USA [email protected]

Dr. William E. Johns is a seagoing oceanographer spe- cializing in the use of long-term moored instrumentation to study ocean circulation. His research involves studies of the large-scale wind-driven circulation, with emphasis on the dynamics of western boundary currents, and on deep flows related to the global thermohaline circulation and climate variability. Dr. Johns also studies the dynamics of straits and the exchange processes between the oceans and marginal Alaa Albarakati seas, including marginal sea overflows. Research programs Professor are currently underway in several regions of the Atlantic Faculty of Marine Sciences, Ocean. Previous active research areas include the Red Sea, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), the Arabian Gulf, and the Gulf of Aden in the western Indian Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Ocean. [email protected] Dr. Alaa Albarakati is a graduate of the Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah (KAU), and in 2000 received his Ph.D. from the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology in the UK for his thesis on “Modeling of the Red Sea circulation”. His present research interests include the heat balance at the air-sea interface, hydrography, currents in coastal areas, the for- mation of the seasonal thermocline, and small-scale circu- lation models related to coastal areas of the Red Sea and Arabian Gulf. He participated in a KAUST–Woods Hole research program during 2008 and 2010 Red Sea cruises. He developed a 3-D hydrodynamic model for the Red Sea, Fazal Ahmad which was published in 2001. He also played an important Professor role in the Jeddah Transect project, which is joint scientific Faculty of Marine Sciences, research between KAU and IFM-GEOMAR to investigate King Abdulaziz University (KAU), the microstructure of temperature variations in the Atlantis II Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Deep. He is a member of several scientific boards, including [email protected] the editorial board of the KAU Journal, the scientific board for Maritime Disaster Management and is a board member Dr. Fazal Ahmad is a graduate of the University of Karachi, of the Saudi General Commission for Surveys. In 2011 he and received his Ph.D. from the University of Liverpool, received an award for High Achieving Academics in KAU. 630 Authors’ Biographies

Mohamed I. Sultan Saleh A. Al-Sefry Professor Hydrogeologist Department of Geosciences Manager of Applied Geology Department Western Michigan University Saudi Geological Survey. Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA Jeddah, Saudi Arabia [email protected] [email protected]

Dr. Mohamed I. Sultan is a Professor and Chair of the Engr. Saleh Al-Sefry has been the manager of the Applied Department of Geosciences at Western Michigan Univer- Geology Department in the Saudi Geological Survey, Jed- sity. He graduated from in Cairo with dah, since 2003. He received a M.Sc., in Applied Geology a B.Sc., in geology in 1974 and a M.Sc., in stratigraphy in (Hydrogeology) from King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, in 1978. He obtained his Ph.D. in geochemistry from Wash- 2006. He was the hydrogeologist of the Makkah Al-Mu- ington University in St. Louis in 1984, after which he was a karramah Technical Projects Division, in the Ministry of research associate there until 1988. From 1988 until 1996 he Petroleum and Mineral Resources from 1993 until 2000. In was a senior research scientist in the NASA earth and 2001 he joined the Saudi Geological Survey, where he has Planetary Remote Sensing Facility in the McDonnell Center worked on strategic ground water storage in Wadi Fatimah, for the Space Sciences at Washington University. He was aquifer water quality in the Umm er Radhuma formation, the project manager for International Programs in the and flood hazard studies within Saudi Arabia. Environmental Research Division at the Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois from 1996 to 2002. From 2002 to 2004 he was a professor in the Department of Geology in the University at Buffalo (SUNY) in Amherst, NY, and since 2004 he has been at Western Michigan University. He is also an adjunct professor at several other universities and is an associate editor of the Geological Society of America Bulletin. He has used remote sensing, GIS, geochemistry, geochronology, hydrology, surface runoff and groundwater flow modeling, and field geology to study a wide range of geological and environmental problems. Recent projects include the influences of natural processes, global change, and regional human activities on the water cycle, as well as Mazen M. Abu Abdullah monitoring and modeling the impacts of changes in land- Technical Advisor scape and land cover associated with major engineering Applied Geology Department, Saudi Geological Survey. projects in the Tigris–Euphrates watershed and the migra- Jeddah, Saudi Arabia tion of dunes and wetland formation at Cape Cod National [email protected] Sea Shore due to environmental disturbance. Other projects include assessments of renewable groundwater resources in Mazen Abu Abdullah has been the GIS and Databases arid and semi-arid areas (Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan), Adviser to the Saudi Geological Survey, Jeddah, since 2005. and modeling storage variability in artificial lakes (Lake After receiving a B.Sc., in Mathematical Science (IT Section) Nasser). from the University of Damascus, Syria, in 1993, he joined Authors’ Biographies 631 the Arab Center for the Studies of Arid Zones and Dry Lands several national and international journals of sedimentary (ACSAD), where he worked in the water resources division geology, environmental geology and marine geology. on the development of software for analyzing pumping tests and to link GIS with mathematical models of groundwater and surface water, and the development of water resources database management systems. As well as contributing to water resource studies in various parts of the Arab world as well as training technicians on the use of GIS and mathe- matical models, he then worked with other divisions in ACSAD to develop systems to document and analyze envi- ronmental data such as vegetation and to estimate the effi- ciency of the use of saline water in irrigation for crops in arid and semi-arid zones. In 2011 he obtained a diploma in Integrated Water Resources Management from the UN Uni- versity in cooperation with Arabian Gulf University, Man- Hashem Madkour ama, Bahrain. Since joining the SGS he has participated in Senior Research Scientist hydrological and hydrogeological studies in addition to National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, engineering geology projects. Red Sea Branch, Hurghada, Egypt [email protected]

Dr. Hashem Madkour has been with the Red Sea branch of the National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries at Hurghada, Egypt since 1994, where he became an Associate Professor in 2010. After graduating in geology in 1988 from Assiut University, he received a M.Sc., in Marine Geology in 2000 from South Valley University, and then a Ph.D. from South Vally University in 2004 for work on geo- chemical and environmental studies of marine sediments and invertebrates of the Red Sea coast in Egypt. He has partic- ipated in and published on numerous studies of the Red Sea Abbas Mansour coast and its environment. President South Valley University, Qena, Egypt [email protected]

Dr. Abbas Mansour is the President of South Valley Uni- versity in Egypt, a position that he has held since 2006. After graduating in 1980 with a degree in geology from Assiut University, he obtained a M.Sc., in 1985, and then a Ph.D. in 1989, also from Assiut University, where he studied marine sediments in the Bay of Safaga in the Red Sea. From 1980 he has held faculty positions at Assiut University and South Valley University, and became Head of the Geology Department at the latter institution in 2000, where he has Gwilym P. Rowlands held several administrative posts. He has worked with sev- Director eral researchers in Austria, the U.S. and elsewhere and has Rowlands Ecology Ltd., been an environmental consultant for numerous projects 38 Fairlie Crescent, Birmingham B38 8DY, UK within Egypt, including the Red Sea area. He also has been a [email protected] peer reviewer for quality assurance and a reviewer for 632 Authors’ Biographies

Dr. Gwilym Rowlands is an expert in the spatial ecology and mathematical simulation. Sam has authored more than of tropical reef environments. In 2003 Gwilym received his seventy scientific publications including several books. Well B.Sc., (Hons.) in biology from the University of Notting- versed in state-of-the-art technological solutions for seabed ham, UK, in 2006 an M.Res. in Ecology and Environmental mapping, his expertise is relevant to a broad spectrum of Management from the University of York, UK, and in 2013 marine applications. his Ph.D. in Oceanography and Marine Biology from Nova Southeastern University, Florida. Gwilym is well versed in seafloor mapping, particularly in hyperspectral, multispec- tral, and acoustic mapping, along with techniques for advanced spatial analysis. As a research fellow of the Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation, Gwilym’s recent research has focused on the diversity, distribution and genesis of contemporary coral reef environments in the Saudi Arabian Red Sea, and spans both ecological and geological disciplines. Gwilym has written and contributed to several academic papers and books on this subject, including a recently published atlas of Red Sea marine habitats. Rebecca A. Klaus Research Scientist Tropical Marine Ecosystems of the Future LOEWE Biodi- versity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberg Research Institute and Nature Museum Frankfurt, Marine Zoology Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt a.M., Germany [email protected]

Dr. Rebecca Klaus is a coral reef ecologist who has been working on conservation management related projects in the Western Indian Ocean and Arabian Region (Red Sea, Gulf of Aden and Arabian Gulf) for the past 15 years. Her Samuel J. Purkis research interests cover coral reef ecology, coral bleaching Professor and the effects of climate variability and change on eco- National Coral Reef Institute Oceanographic Center system function, with a particular interest in marginal coral Nova Southeastern University 8000 N. Ocean Drive, communities as a window into the future. Her consultancy Dania Beach FL 33004, USA work crosses spatial scales from baseline assessments of [email protected] biodiversity and monitoring, through to biotope mapping of shallow tropical marine habitats using remote sensing tech- Dr. Sam Purkis is a Professor at the Nova Southeastern nologies, and marine protected area and integrated coastal University Oceanographic Center. He received his B.Sc., zone management design and planning. Her first involve- (Hons.) degree in oceanography and marine biology from ment in the Red Sea was on the PERGSA-GEF funded Southampton University, UK, the M.Sc., degree in geology, “Marine Protected Areas-Strategic Action Plan (MPA- and the Ph.D. degree from the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, SAP)” (, Yemen, Djibouti and ). She has since The Netherlands, in 1998, 2001, and 2004, respectively. His had the opportunity to continue to work on the coral reefs in work stretches from field monitoring to software development the Red Sea of Sudan, Eritrea and Yemen. Authors’ Biographies 633

Dirar Nasr Andrew W. Bruckner Associate Professor Chief Scientist Red Sea University, Port Sudan, Sudan Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation, [email protected] Science Without Borders® 8181 Professional Pl, Suite 215, Landover, Dr. Dirar Nasr, a zoology graduate from the University of MD 20785, USA ‘ Khartoum, wrote his Ph.D. thesis in 1979 on the Biology of [email protected] the pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera on the Sudanese Red Sea coast’. Pursuing an academic career at the Institute of Dr. Andrew Bruckner is the Chief Scientist with the Oceanography (Sudan), he was rapidly promoted to Senior Living Oceans Foundation currently implementing a 5 year Researcher, Associate Professor and then, after one year, to Global Reef Expedition to map, characterize and assess Director. He attended several courses on various aspects of remote coral reefs in the Caribbean, Pacific and Indian marine biology supported by PERSGA, UNESCO and the Ocean and Red Sea. He received his M.S. in marine biology British Council. He gained a wide range of marine experi- from Northeastern University, Boston, M.A. in 1988, and ence and has been a supervisor for several higher studies at his Ph.D. from the University of Puerto Rico in 1999. Prior the Faculty of Graduate College of the University of Khar- to joining the Foundation, he worked for the NOAA Coral toum and has been an External Examiner for Masters Reef Conservation Program as a coral reef ecologist. He is Degrees at the University of Khartoum and the Red Sea the co-lead of NOAA’s Coral Disease and Health Consor- University. He participated in four scientific cruises focusing tium. and has worked closely with resource managers and particularly on the environmental aspects of the exploitation government agencies in the U.S. and internationally in of the metalliferrous sediments from the Atlantis II Deep in developing conservation, management and restoration addition to his participation in several regional and interna- actions for coral reefs through legislation, international tional conferences. His association with PERSGA can be (CITES) regulations, development of sustainable manage- traced back to 1976 when he was a member of the Sudanese ment guidelines, and on-the-ground monitoring, research delegation at the Jeddah II Conference. He also took the and restoration activities. During his tenure at NOAA, important role of rapporteur for both the 1981 Legal and Dr. Bruckner received a Presidential Early Career Award Environmental Experts Meeting and for the 1982 Confer- from the U.S. government, and three bronze medals for his ence of Plenipotentiaries when the Jeddah Convention work that lead to the development of a National Action Plan (1982) was signed. He has been the PERSGA Coordinator to Conserve Coral Reefs. His research and policy efforts (1995–2005). He is, at present, a lecturer at the Red Sea contributed to the listing of elkhorn coral (Acropora pal- University (Port Sudan, Sudan) and an Environmental mata) and staghorn coral (Acropora cervicornis) on the U.S. Consultant. His fields of interest are coral reefs, mangrove Endangered Species Act, based on his research and con- communities and human impact on the sea. servation efforts during the 2005 Caribbean coral bleaching 634 Authors’ Biographies event. He serves as a Councilor of the International Society graduated in 2008 with Phi Sigma Tau academic honors. She for Reef Studies, and is a Science Advisor to SECORE, a has completed research internships with Mote Marine Lab- consortium of over 50 public aquaria and zoos in the United oratory’s Landscape Ecology Division, Center for Marine States and Europe and to CORAL, a popular journal for Resource Management Turks and Caicos, and Cincinnati aquarium and coral reef enthusiasts. Zoo’s Aquatic Horticulture Department.

Alexandra C. Dempsey Yvonne Sawall Coral Reef Ecologist Research Scientist Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation Benthic Ecology - Research Division Marine Ecology, Science Without Borders® Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR), 8181 Professional Pl, Suite 215, Landover, Düsternbrookerweg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany MD 20785, USA [email protected] [email protected] Dr. Yvonne Sawall is a coral reef ecologist with particular Alexandra C. Dempsey is currently the Coral Reef Ecologist interest in the acclimatization mechanisms of reef building for the Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation. She corals to different prevailing and changing environmental completed her M.Sc., in marine environmental biology at conditions. She received her Ph.D. in 2010 from the Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center (2013). University of Bremen (Germany), where she studied coral She was a coral biologist research assistant with the National resistance to eutrophication and pollution, coral recruitment Coral Reef Institute. She began employment with the GIS/ patterns and coral recovery after destruction (by a tsunami Remote Sensing lab in spring 2009. Alexandra has worked and by blast fishing activities) in Thailand and Indonesia. on a number of different projects including: the geostatistical Since 2011, she holds a post-doctoral position at the comparison of modern and ancient carbonate reef systems, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research (GEOMAR) in Kiel ecological, geological and bathymetric mapping from satel- (Germany), where she investigates acclimatization/adapta- lites, analysis of acoustic sub-seabed profiles, as well as tion mechanisms of Red Sea corals in collaboration with sediment collection and analysis. She has worked with a host the King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah (Saudi Arabia) of different project sponsors including Shell, ExxonMobil, and King Abdullah University for Science and Technology and The Nature Conservancy. Alexandra has been working (KAUST, Saudi Arabia). For this, she conducted 3 large closely with the Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation expeditions along the entire Saudi Arabian Red Sea coast on their Global Reef Expedition throughout the Atlantic and which is characterized by a strong latitudinal temperature Pacific Oceans. She holds two Bachelors of Art and Science and nutrient gradient. Currently, she also investigates degrees in Environmental Science and Philosophy from the ecophysiological aspects of temperate calcifying organ- College of the Holy Cross, Worcester, Massachusetts. She isms. Authors’ Biographies 635

Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum Frankfurt a. M., Germany [email protected]

Dr. Ronald Janssen studied geology, palaeontology and zoology from 1970 to 1974 at the University of Marburg/ Lahn and received his Ph.D. with a taxonomic revision of a fossil bivalve fauna. He has held the position of the curator and head of the molluscan section at the Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum in Frankfurt, Germany, since 1977. His main research interests are tax- onomy, systematics and (paleo-)biogeography of European Abdulmohsin A. Al-Sofyani Tertiary molluscs, Recent molluscs of the Arabian seas and Associate Professor bivalves of hydrothermal vent communities. He has partic- Head of the Department of Marine Biology, ipated in various research expeditions to the South China Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University Sea, the Arabian Gulf and to Socotra Island. He is the sci- (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia entific editor of the malacological journal Archiv für Mol- [email protected] luskenkunde. Dr. Abdullah Mohsin Al-Sofyani is a coral reef ecologist studying coral physiology and coral reef community structures. He received his master degree in coral biology from the King Abdulaziz University (KAU, Saudi Arabia) in 1988 and his Ph.D. working on coral physiology in 1991 from the Univer- sity of Glasgow (Great Britain). He joined the scientificpanel investigating the effect of pollution in the Arabian Gulf during the Gulf crisis in 1990 and 1991. Since 1992, he is employed by the KAU, working as a lecturer and scientist, and currently holds an associate professor position. He participated in the Jeddah Transect project (2010–2013), a joint project between KAU and GEOMAR, leading 3 large expeditions along the Saudi Arabian Red Sea coast. Within this project the effects of Marco Taviani nutrients and temperature variations (latitudinal and near-shore Senior Scientist versus off-shore) on corals and coral reef communities were ISMAR-CNR investigated. During the RV PELAGIA cruise 64PE351 in (Institute of Marine Sciences - National Research Council April 2012, he studied the corals of the mesophotic zone in the (ISMAR-CNR), Bologna, ISMAR-CNR), Via Gobetti 101, Red Sea. Furthermore, Dr. Al-Sofyani is chairman of the 40129 Bologna, Italy research co-ordination committee of the faculty, which orga- [email protected] nizes various symposiums on the Sewage Pollution Profile of Jeddah and on the Coastal Zone Management. Dr. Marco Taviani is Research Director at the Italian National Research Council Institute of Marine Sciences (ISMAR-CNR) in Bologna since 2001. After graduating from the University of Bologna in 1976 he held various research positions and fellowships until 1989 in the Labo- ratory of Marine Geology at Bologna, at Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, Columbia University, New York, and also at Louisiana State University and the University of Houston. Research lecturer at various USA, China and European Universities. He became a tenured researcher at the CNR in Italy in 1982 and received a Ph.D. in palaeon- tology from the University of Roma in 1987. His recent research has focussed upon marine ecosystems (especially Ronald Janssen deep water corals), Cenozoic-Recent marine paleontology Research Scientist and paleoecology (Antarctica, Mediterranean, Red Sea, 636 Authors’ Biographies

Western Indian Ocean), extreme environments (polar, cold studying collections from Ambon, Socotra, Chagos, seeps), bio-sedimentology (biogenic carbonate factories), Réunion, and the Persian Gulf that form the substance of paleoclimatology and paleoceanography based upon sedi- many publications, and is on-going research. These attrac- ment cores (Mediterranean, Red Sea), drillholes (Antarctica, tive molluscs are important in studies on species diversity as Mediterranean), corals (Mediterranean, Red Sea, Atlantic well as zoogeographical associations of marine organism Ocean, Antarctica) and other natural archives, including assemblages, and more significantly for their chemical multiple geochemical approaches. He has participated in components as many species acquire, concentrate, or syn- over 50 oceanographic missions in the Mediterranean, Red thesize organic chemicals for defence. Her specialist regions Sea, Atlantic Ocean and Antarctica), often as chief scientist. are the Red Sea (monograph “Sea Slugs of the Red Sea” He was the National Coordinator in 1991–1993 for the E.U. 2008) and the Indian Ocean, covered in numerous publica- RED SED (The Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Sedimentology), tions. She has also written the opisthobranch chapters for and in 1994–1997 for the E.U. TESTREEF programme several books, including “The Marine Fauna of the British (Temporal and SpaTial variability of western Indian Ocean Isles and North-West Europe” (1990) and “A Guide to the REEFs). He has been the coordinator of other national and Seashores of Eastern Africa” (first ed. 1997, third ed. 2011). international projects (such as the Euromargins Moundforce: Forcing of Carbonate Mounds and Deep Water Coral Reefs along the NW European Continental Margin and WP of the E.U. HERMES, HERMIONE, COCONET programmes). He has published over 300 scientific papers, as well as book chapters and various popular science articles in Italian and international magazines. He is in the UNEP list of coral experts and has been member of the CITES Scientific Commission (Italy).

Agnese Mancini Research Scientist Hurghada Environmental Protection and Conservation Association, New Marina, El Sakkala - Building B2 Hurghada- Red Sea- Egypt P.O. Box 144 Hurghada- Red Sea- Egypt [email protected]

Dr. Agnese Mancini is a marine biologist and currently works Nathalie Yonow as a consultant for the IUCN in the Indian Ocean. She received Research Scientist a Ph.D. in Marine and Coastal Science from the Autonomous School of Biological Sciences, University of Wales, University of Baja California Sur in Mexico in 2009. Since Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, Wales, UK 2004 she has been studying marine turtles in the Indian Ocean, fi fi [email protected] in the Eastern Paci c Ocean and nally in the Red Sea. From 2010 to 2013 she worked as marine turtle specialist for the Dr. Nathalie Yonow is a marine biologist who has spe- Hurghada Environmental Protection and Conservation cialized in the taxonomy and biogeography of tropical Association (HEPCA) in Egypt. Her research has focussed on marine opisthobranchs for more than 25 years, following an different aspects of marine turtle ecology and biology, obsession with marine biology since a child born in Iran, including the abundance and distribution in the feeding growing up in Saudi Arabia and Greece, and studying in grounds, mortality patterns, bycatch reduction, short-term Italy and Wales. She earned both her B.Sc., and Ph.D. in movement and habitat use, and abundance and trends in Swansea University (Wales, UK) where she now tea- nesting grounds. Current research interests include biote- ches. She has been on expeditions collecting opisthobranchs lemetry, genetic analysis and social implications of marine from the Red Sea, , and the Maldives, as well as turtle fishery. Authors’ Biographies 637

Dr. Magdy El-Alwany is the Director of the Marine Environmental Center in Sharm El-Sheikh (a Research Unit in Suez Canal University). He is also an Associate Professor in the Department of Marine Science, Suez Canal Univer- sity, Ismailia, Egypt. He was awarded a scholarship from ÖAD to study for his Ph.D. from 2000 to 2003 at the Institute of Zoology and Limnology, University of Inns- bruck, Austria. He held a Post-Doctoral position from 2003 to 2006 in the Department of Marine Biology, University of Vienna. He is a long time activist in the conservation of marine birds, turtles and mammals in the Red Sea. He wrote a text book on marine turtles in the Red Sea that was pub- Islam Elsadek lished in Saudi Arabia in 2008. Environmental Researcher Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt [email protected]

Islam Elsadek is an Environmental Researcher at Gebal Elba Protected Areas working for the Egyptian Environ- mental Affairs Agency (EEAA). As Environmental Researcher at Gebal Elba Protected Area, Islam is in charge of monitoring of natural resources in the protected area including coral reefs, mangroves, wetlands and megafauna species like marine mammals, birds, sharks and marine turtles. Islam is also currently enrolled as a Master student at fi the University of Suez Canal, Ismailia, Egypt. He is the rst Amany A.H.M. Ismael Egyptian student actively studying marine turtles in their Professor feeding and nesting grounds in the Egyptian Red Sea. His Oceanography Department, Faculty of Science, master thesis includes some ground-breaking information Alexandria University, Egypt about the distribution, abundance, behaviour and molecular [email protected] biology of local populations of marine turtles, green and hawksbill turtles in particular. Dr. Amany Abdel Hamid Ismael is at present the Chair of Oceanography Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Egypt. Throughout her career she has held var- ious academic and managerial positions, including Co-Chair of the IOC-HANA network (Harmful Algae in North Africa) from 2010 to 2012, and has been a member of the Crisis and Disasters Unit of the Faculty of Science, Alexandria Uni- versity, since 2010. She has been a Vice Manager of the Quality Assurance Unit of Faculty of Science since 2011. Dr. Ismael has been the Egyptian Coordinator for Harmful Algae in the IOC-HANA Network since 2004. She received the Alexandria University Award for Scientific encourage- ment in 2008. She has participated in many research pro- jects, such as RAF/7/012 “Using Nuclear Analytical Magdy A.N. El-Alwany Techniques to Support Harmful Algal Bloom Management Associate Professor in the Context of Climate and Environmental Change”. She Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, has published over 25 scientific publications in international Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt journals, periodicals and reports and has participated in [email protected] many international and regional conferences and meetings, and has received awards in recognition of her contributions. 638 Authors’ Biographies

Ahmed S. M. Khalil Geoff N. Bailey Regional Programme Coordinator Anniversary Professor Living Marine Resources and Climate Change Department of Archaeology, The King’s Manor The Regional Organization for the Conservation of the University of York YO1 7EP, UK Environment of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden (PERSGA) [email protected] P.O. Box 53662, Jeddah 21583, Saudi Arabia [email protected] Geoff Bailey took his BA in Archaeology in the University of Cambridge in 1970 and his Ph.D. in 1976, and stayed in Dr. Ahmed S.M. Khalil holds a Ph.D. in marine ecology Cambridge as British Academy Postdoctoral Research Fel- from the Institute of Tropical Marine Ecology, University of low, University Lecturer, and Senior Tutor of Clare Hall. In Bremen, Germany (2001), M.Sc., (1995) and B.Sc., (1990) 1996 he was appointed to the Chair of Archaeology at the in zoology from the University of Khartoum, Sudan. He has University of Newcastle upon Tyne, and moved to his worked as Assistant Professor of marine ecology at the present position in 2004. His research interests are in coastal University of Khartoum and Director of Suakin Marine prehistory, shell middens, submerged landscapes, Quater- Laboratory since 2002. He had been lead consultant to the nary-scale landscape evolution, and the human impact of Regional Organization for the Conservation of the Envi- sea-level change and active tectonics. He has field experi- ronment of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden (PERSGA) for ence in many parts of the world, across Africa, the Americas, conducting regional mangrove assessments and development Australia, Europe, the Far East and SW Asia, and has led of Regional and National Action Plans for Conservation of major multi-national and multi-disciplinary projects in Mangroves in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden region during Australia, Greece, Saudi Arabia and the UK in collaboration 2002–2004. He has joined PERSGA as the Regional Pro- with marine and earth scientists. He is Chairman of the EU gram Coordinator for Living Marine Resources and Climate Trans-domain COST network SPLASHCOS (Submerged Change since 2007. During the last 12 years, Dr. Khalil Prehistoric Archaeology and Landscapes of the Continental worked extensively in conducting research, assessments and Shelf) and Principal Investigator of the DISPERSE Project developing strategies and action plans in a range of disci- (Dynamic Landscapes, Coastal Environments and Human plines including conservation of marine biodiversity, fish- Dispersals) funded by an Advanced Grant from the Euro- eries management, marine pollution, vulnerability pean Research Council. He has published 16 books and over assessment and adaptations to the impacts of Climate 150 papers, and is a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, Change, often as part of larger projects and programs in Corresponding Member of the German Archaeological collaboration with several national, regional and interna- Institute, and an elected member of the Academia Europaea. tional partners in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden region. He also published several papers, book chapters, articles, reviews, technical reports and guidelines in these fields.