Coloring

of

Kokanee

The

Book

The

cle”

Kokariee

and

Life

Education

Cycle

Club

Salmon

Guide Table of Contents

PAGESUBIECT 1. A Beginning and End 2. Let’s Hang Out! 3. A New Look! 4. UseYourNose 5. Building a Nest 6. Courtship and Territory 7. Death and Decay 8. Scavengers 9. On Their Own 10. We Made It! Hatching Out 11. What’s for Dinner? 12. “Teenager’s Rule”

13. Safety in Numbers 14. Beginning Again

15. Did you know? 16. Discussion Questions

17. Answers to Discussion Questions 18. Frequently Asked Questions Answered 19. Frequently Asked Questions Continued 20. Vocabulary Summary 21. Fish Anatomy 22. Bibliography

to

VOCABULARY

Spawn:

and

Non-anadromous:

Life

their

and

Kokanee

anadromous

return

cycle:

soon

life when

0

to

all

cycle.

Salmon

after,

spawn

fish

the

fish

different

deposit

A

who

in

fish

Kokanee

die.

fresh

visit

are

that

A

and

Taylor

stages

born

water.

us

Beginning

lives

fertilize

Salmon

here

in

of

its

Creek

fresh

life

entire

eggs

at

from

1

water

Taylor

are

is

life

and

birth

the

non-anadromous

live

cycle

to

Creek

beginning

their

End

in

death

fresh

adult

each

water

lives

and

fall

as

in

the

the

opposed

to

fish.

ocean

spawn

end of

VOCABULARY

School:

of

of

nothing living

In

September,

the

Taylor

when

in

creek

and

Lake

Creek.

:‘<‘A

fish

for

go

collect

Tahoe.

the

through

two

For

adult

in

to

the large

The

Let’s

three

Kokanee

past

dramatic groups .

.!‘ adult

1)

:L

weeks.

two

Hang

salmon

2

Salmon

to

physical

four

During

Out!

.4

school

years

arrive

changes. that

--

at

they

at

time the

....-

the

have

mouth they

-

mouth ej -. . \>

.

been

1 eat

VOCABULARY

Kype:

jaw

form the

and

Once

males

FEMALE

MALE

females

with

The

female

a

a

change

large,

shiny

hooked

sharp

Kokanee

have

silver

muscular

to

jaw

teeth

a

a

of

very

pinkish-red

color

the

called

change

hump male

bright

with

A

a

Kokanee

their

New

kype.

on

a

red

body

blue

their

3

color

color.

SPAWNING

SPAWNING

Look!

with

stripe,

back

to

The

a

attract

MALE

FEMALE

green

and

both

male

grow

the

their

stripe

Kokanee

male

a

mate.

hooked

and

also

the Now VOCABULARY change

Migrate:

“smell

spawn,

leases Helped

in

of from

to by

season protect

move

home”

the the

from

rush

their

Fallen and

one

of

migrate eggs,

place

cool

Leaf Use

to

water

and Lake

another

up

Your

eventually

Dam

Taylor

4 that

due

Nose

the the

to Creek

the

Kokanee

U.S.

die.

where

Forest

LA

remember

they Service

TAIO..

will

re the

them

tect

of

the

redds;

size

nest Female

VOCABULARY

four

Redd:

spaces

stream

to

the

gravel

by

A

and

six

rocky

each

Kokanee

swishing

eggs

inches

for

they

known

bed.

underground

time

water

from

deep.

both

After

build

her

mating

as

hungry

to

cover

tail

a

laying

run

an

nest

redd.

Building

up

with

underground

the

through.

for

birds

and

her

the

She

a

nest

different

salmon’s

and

down

pea-size

S

turns

A

with

Some

trout,

Nest

to

on

nest

fertilized

pebbles.

male.

loosen

eggs,

females

her

but

made

side

also

eggs;

the

the

The

make

up

and

male

have

usually

pebbles

gravel

of

digs

several

marble-

fertilizes

plenty

pro

her from Territory: VOCABULARY

by

their When

While

salmon

chasing

her

He During

fighting.

quivers

and

redd

the the this

The

to

fertilizes

off

female

female

protect

using and

area

time all other

or

swims

their the

space

is

is

them.

Courtship

their

building

ready

males. male

where

kype

back

territory

Adult

to will

The

and

and

her lay

I

male

also

And

her

6

forth

fights

their

nest, and

live

perform

Kokanee

eggs, Territory

that

the

muscular

over

the can

they

hundreds

male

he

the

be

a fight

protect

moves

courtship

quite

female’s

is

humpback.

busy off

sometimes

of

nasty.

along

other

eggs

“dance:”

back.

side

male in

cycle.

and

Since

ing,

ago

start

float

while their

to

they

The

show

to

bodies

the

female

first

the

signs

males

schooled

surface

have

Kokanee

of

die

Death

white

been

completing

1

at

0

die

to

slowly

the

rotting

and

7

14

three

mouth

days

Decay

decaying

flesh.

another

to

later.

of

five

Taylor

They

days

part

and

soon

Creek

after

of

now

the

will

they

spawn

weeks

life die

VOCABULARY

Scavenger:

whole

These

When

dead

feathers.

bald

raccoons,

Trout

eagles

fish

will

the

Kokanee

scavengers

animals

in

Kokanee

and

nibble,

only

less

bald

that

but

than

eat

ducks

may

eat

die

eagles

not

the

dead

an

they

be

as

take

bodies.

hour.

Scavengers

animals

animals

fast

that

are

a

few

as

Nature

enjoy

soon

8

The

the

with

bites,

raccoons,

eaten

the

crayfish

cleans

shells,

feast

but

by

it

up

who

scavengers.

scales,

the

however

is

after

the

most.

will

coyotes,

fur,

itself.

eat

eat

The

or

one the

VOCABULARY

vive

for

Predators: frogs,

While

“butts

Eggs

burrowing salmon

predators

Bears

the

the

floating

and

spawning

trout,

up”

next

die,

winter

Animals

diving

digging

their

dig

the

three

and

down

up

if

that

eggs

the

bills

other

cool, ducks

and

to

up

kill

the

Kokanee

four

into

have

in

the

eat

On

clear

ducks.

creek

called

order

the

winter

pebbles

the

Their

no

water

7

to

are

redd

will

one

newly

The

Common

9

eat

months.

chased

die

Own

washes

with

to

remaining

to

fertilized

protect

and

try

their

Mergansers.

and

and

soon

through

webbed

them.

eaten

dislodge

eggs

eggs.

be

eaten

will

the

alive

Other

Ducks

feet

After

eggs.

pebbles

only

by

by

and

nearby

go

the

Black

bull sur VOCABULARY Alevin: nutrient Egg-sac Hatch:

Instinct:

fish

egg-sac

instincts

nutrients

meals

Kokanee absorb to Another sac fry:

Inborn, attached immerge

attached

fry Salmon

The

to lasts

term the

not

or return first

from

for alevin, learned

to to

for

scents We

stage eggs the

an

the about

egg-sac later

egg Made underside in

behavior.

underside

hatch

these of

the

as two

fry home

life

spawning

It!

very

cycle to in

of 10

the

Hatching

February

and

three of

of small

tadpole-like their

the

will

weeks. adults.

salmon

baby

later

bellies.

and Out. fish’s

defined

fish

Now

use

March. This

belly.

their

carry these

by Known

a

sac

homing

their

little

of as fiy: VOCABULARY

more

the

The

food

mouth about ing

The

its rocks

fish-like

next

sac. two

second

mouth.

accidentally.

stage

The

for to and a stage

0

three

protection. fry S

now

It

of also

of faces

lacks

the weeks.

the During

S

What’s

learns young a salmon’s its

S upstream

egg-sac

Its

this

to

Kokanee

body for

life

eat, 11

attached time

cycle

and

dinner?

as

is the

in

more

absorbs

food is to

which called

its

small particles

underbelly. fish-like

the

oxygen

fry a

young

fry,

hide

and fall

salmon

and

by

V

among

into

lacks

open lasts

looks

its

its I 12 Teenagers Rule!

The “teenage fish” or fingerling has a long silver body up to one to two inches long. It is about the same size as your pinky finger. In April and May, schools of fingerlings will turn around and swim downstream towards .

(f(

LA

VOCABULARY Fingerling: The third stage of the salmon’s life cycle. The “teenage” fish is long and slender and looks more like a salmon but is only three-four inches long.

adults

ing

begin

Large

the

the

schools

and

cooler

next

live

waters

of

the

stage

fingerlings

next

Safety

in

of

their

two

Lake

to

lives.

Tahoe.

in

dodge

four

13

Numbers

The

years

past

survivors

the

in

large

hungry

will

schools

grow

predators

to

travel

be to

VOCABULARY

ZooDlankton:

enough

Non-sDawnincl

These

of

ing

biological sense

a

swim

small

the

and

around

to

its

creek.

large

amount

spawn.

repeating

time

changes,

microscopic

adult:

(1

Within

Lake

2

to

of

-1

a

return

4

the

silver

Tahoe

zooplankton

swim

weeks

inch

animals

Beginning

life

adult

to

long)

competing

up

cycle

Taylor

they

salmon

the

silvers

14

go

of

in

creek,

Creek

with

the

through

Again

the

with

a

(non-spawning

Kokanee

lake.

blue

spawn

they

other

stripe

all

When

collect

the

and

fish

Salmon.

that

the

physical

die,

is

at

species

not

adults),

Kokanee

the

continu

mature

mouth

and for

Habitat:

/OCABULARY

where

One

group

or

nets enough

excess Overpopulation

People to

lake

Kokanee harmful that

we

reproduce

the

Too

If

in

good

Large

If

too

order

overpopulation

diseased

we

can

fish

and

can

have

(

Many

home

spawning

Weirs)

many

allow

numbers

they

called

from

fish

actually

food

to

to

to

lead

a

because

already

for

half

in

make

the

create

gr

and

fish.

all

salmon

Salmon

the

wildlife

Project

the

in

along

to

the

million

of

the

hurt

can

not

habitat

unhealthy

Department

their

creek,

been

their

within

fish

Kokanee

Taylor

do

be

Kokanee-

the

Did

For

redds.

will

salmon

successfully

own.

made,

this

in

population.

the

The

you

the Creek

dig

to

can

of

lake.

California

stream

eggs

up

migrate

15

Creek

Fish

know...?

lead

to

rocky

capture

are

and

There

for

up

taken

nests

Game

Inland

Taylor

is

the

not

to

and

Fisheries

extra

a

Creek,

enough

fish

another

ie

Kokanee.

hatchery

million place

4.

2.

3.

1.

Why

Why

to

Why spawning

salmon

flesh.

Hint:

Why

Local

eat

cannot?

thousands

fish

do

does

don’t

are

Think

fisherman

they

in

whole

Common

Discussion

Mallards

salmon.

the

Taylor

the

about

not

of

female

while

Black

them?

catch

catch

Creek?

why

Mergansers

only

Bears

Mallard

lay

16

and

and

most

eat

Questions

so

eat

eat

eat

the

many

(a

bears

the

silvers

(a

the

dabbling

eggs

diving

eggs:

dead

spawning

don’t

and

in

fish?

Lake

duck)

hundreds

duck)

eat

dead

the

adult

Tahoe.

able

fish

to to

4.

3.

2.

1.

they

the

The

the The

young

Grizzlies

unhealthy survive

stage

berries

at

can

not Black Common

swallow

dead

fresh

sal

like

only

female

spawning

do

Bears

Answers

of

fish’s

the

and

not

flesh.

how

a

the

open

are

flesh

Mergansers

for

large

conditions

lays

do live

carrion

spawn,

life

they

true

human

adult

their

of

not

fish

in

so

cycle.

to

the

fishing

taste.

Tahoe.

eat

many

like

bills

while

Black

salmon

Discussion

Kokanee.

consumption.

bill

and

the

squirrels.

Our

wide

bears

eggs

17

can

Bears the

dead

predators

are

Black

open

enough

Mallards

because

in

Brown

decaying

have

Kokanee

the

However,

Bears

Questions

wide

Most

throughout

bear

been

Bears

to

cannot.

so

prefer

enough

eat

because

and

bears

family,

few

known

at

like

eggs

are

the

will

ants

also

Mallards

to

the

but

and

they

to

early

find

enjoy

pick do

Taylor

With

Why

95

Do salmon?

Lake

Lake big

salty

What

in

No,

Do

It

northwest

means

fresh

to

as

Kokanee

the

these

little

Tahoe

ocean.

are

Tahoe?

99

does

the

Creek.

Frequently

water

Kokanee

percent

“red

these

food,

land

ocean-going

Canadian

has

Kokanee

fish”

spawn

from

locked

the

a

salmon

of

low

Salmon

in

all

creeks

land

region.

Asked

native

in

source

Lake sockeye

mean?

salmon

other

locked

so

and

ever

Tahoe

American

much

of

Questions

18

salmon

who

lakes.

creeks

zooplankton

Kokanee

swim

Kokanee

smaller

have

They

language

(Kokanee)

to

that

don’t

more

the

Answered

never

Salmon

than

flow

for

ocean?

food

grow

from

visit

only

the

the

into

spawn

available.

to

fish.

the

the

swim

ocean

be

as in

just

Also,

winters.

conditions

the

the What

Fallen

Washoe

In Clean, all

salmon

for

into

the

Are

when

in

Kokanee

sands

Taylor

1

the

the

water

rocks

944.

north

the

Kokanee

the

the

makes

Leaf

the

Frequently

clear

of

Kokanee

Lahontan

and

right

did

lake?

They

Creek

Salmon

Forest

which

years?

it

from

Native

possible

Lake

creates

their

water

not

Taylor

size

Salmon

were

the

the

find

Service

helps

Dam

would

were

Cutthroat

eggs

American

for

provides

fish

abundant

a

for

dumped

Asked

Kokanee

Creek

concentrated

so

making

the

native

introduced

to

spawning.

hatchery

controls

choose

Taylor

live

eggs

Trout.

a

so

Washoe

Questions:

into

healthy

19

to

in.

their

pebbles

in

special

Creek

to

it

our

Lake

the

As

that

the

to

over

survive

Redds.

amount

the

water

water

Lake

fished

lake

environment

once

Tahoe?

can

(marble

or

other

water

unique

Tahoe’s

the

near

have

Continued

flow

but

resided

of

Tahoe

churns

creeks

long

Were

oxygen

size)

instead

Tahoe

the

at

that

the

ecosystem

for

there.

Tahoe

best

for

are

they

over

that

City

the

in

fished

nearly

thou

The

here

to flow Territory: Scavenger: Salmon. by School: are Spawn: Redd: Silver: Predator: Non-anadromous: fty: Migrate: Life KvDe: Instinct: tached Hatch: Habitat: Adipose Alevin: Fingerling: side more Egg-sac is a fighting. born unique Cycle: The of like The The A To to the when When Another fry: in second Home silver To Inborn, fin: a its An The immerge hooked underground young All fresh chracteristic An salmon The move The underbelly. A fish fish the area adult animal for small third term stage water no first fish’s deposit from collect different jaw A animals or but from learned that salmon fish fatty for stage stage that space of of live is one belly. of rocky the the that egg-sac an kills in only and fin eats the their stages of large in place behavior. with egg. where salmon’s male without lives in the fertilize the nest 3 trout dead order adult to

a Vocabulary fry groups. to salmon’s life from Kokanee. its blue 4 of animals and another animals. inches bones the cycle entire lives to life eggs. birth stripe salmon eat Kokanee cycle, in of life live long. found life (seasonally). to the the that cycle. that death. cycle family. still ocean salmon on

is 20 they very not The in a fish’s and

fresh Summary mature protect round defined “teenage return water back tadpole-like enough sometimes by to fish” between as a spawn nutrient

opposed @1 is to long spawn. the but in fresh sac and dorsal to

without \ \ anadromous attached

slender \ water. and its tail egg-sac and to fins. the fish looks under at who This Operculum

(gill

cover)

Fish

Anatomy

Dorsal

Fin

Adipose

Tail

or

Fin

Fin US

Reed-Jones,

Field,

Bernbach,Linda

Fish

Steelhead

Dawn

Dog-eared

Fisheries

Nancy

&

Wildlife

Publications

Carol.

&

and

Coloring

Sally

Publications.

&Jennifer

Service.

Oceans.

Machlis.

Salmon

Bibliography

Rook.

China

Canada.

Stone.

Middleton, Stream.

The

22

USFWS.

2000

Discovering

Pacific

2005

Scales

No

WI.

Salmon

year

1

and

993

Salmon.

of

Tales.

and

copyright. KOKANEE “CYCLE” CLUB

Written by Jean D. Norman Illustrations by Timothy D. Rains

USDA Forest Service Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit Publication

Published 2005 Revised September 2009