ARTÍCULO:

Cyriocosmus venezuelensis sp. n. from (Araneae: Theraphosidae: )

Radan Kaderka

Abstract: Cyriocosmus venezuelensis sp. n. from Venezuela, State of Lara and Carabobo, ARTÍCULO: is described, diagnosed and keyed. The new species can be distinguished from

all other congeners by its uniformly coloured carapace, dark ventral band on the Cyriocosmus venezuelensis sp. n. abdomen and by the paraembolic apophysis in male palpal bulb being half the from Venezuela (Araneae: length of the embolus. Cyriocosmus rogerioi Pérez-Miles & Weinmann, 2009 is Theraphosidae: Theraphosinae) placed in the synonymy of C. pribiki Pérez-Miles & Weinmann, 2009, from which

it does not differ in any characters of specific significance.

Key words: Araneae, , Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae, Cyriocosmus,

South America, Venezuela, , , new synonymy Radan Kaderka Taxonomy: Cyriocosmus venezuelensis sp. n., Cyriocosmus rogerioi Pérez-Miles & Tyrsovo namesti 1732 Weinmann 2009 = C. pribiki Pérez-Miles & Weinmann 2009 syn. nov. 252 63 Roztoky u Prahy,

Czech Republic

Email: [email protected]

Cyriocosmus venezuelensis sp. n. de Venezuela (Araneae: Therapho- sidae: Theraphosinae)

Resumen: Revista Ibérica de Aracnología Se describe y diagnostica Cyriocosmus venezuelensis sp. n. de los estados de ISSN: 1576 - 9518. Lara y Carabobo, en Venezuela. Esta se diferencia del resto de sus congéneres Dep. Legal: Z-2656-2000. por presentar el cefalotórax uniformemente coloreado, el abdomen con una Vol. 18 franja ventral oscura y por tener la apófisis paraembolica de los bulbos de los Sección: Artículos y Notas. pedipalpos de los machos, la mitad de la longitud de los émbolos. Se ofrece una Pp: 87−96. clave para diferenciar esta nueva especie del resto de los especies de Fecha de publicación: 30-Junio-2010 Cyriocosmus Simon, 1903. Cyriocosmus rogerioi Pérez-Miles & Weinmann, 2009 se coloca en la sinonimia de C. pribiki Pérez-Miles & Weinmann 2009, de la que no difiere en ningún carácter taxonómicamente significativo. Edita: Palabras clave: Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae, Grupo Ibérico de Aracnología (GIA) Cyriocosmus, America del Sur, Venezuela, Perú, taxonomía, sinonimia nueva. Grupo de trabajo en Aracnología Taxonomía: Cyriocosmus venezuelensis sp. n., Cyriocosmus rogerioi Pérez-Miles & de la Sociedad Entomológica Weinmann 2009 = C. pribiki Pérez-Miles & Weinmann 2009 syn. nov. Aragonesa (SEA) Avda. Radio Juventud, 37 50012 Zaragoza (ESPAÑA) Introduction Tef. 976 324415 Fax. 976 535697 Hapalopus sellatus from the upper Amazon and Hapalopus elegans C-elect.: [email protected] from Orinoco region, Venezuela, were described by Simon in 1889. The Director: Carles Ribera Cyriocosmus Simon, 1903 was established for both mentioned spe- C-elect.: [email protected] cies, with Cyriocosmus sellatus as the type species (Simon, 1903). The genus Cyriocosmus is exclusive to tropical South America (Schiapelli

& Gerschman de Pikelin, 1973) including northern , , Bo- Indice, resúmenes, abstracts, vols. livia, , , Peru, Tobago, Trinidad and Venezuela. Revisions publicados: and phylogenetic analyses of this genus were recently made by Pérez-Miles http://gia.sea-entomologia.org/jour_ (1998) and Fukushima et al. (2005). intro_es.html Fourteen species belonging to Cyriocosmus have been described: C. Página web GIA: bertae Pérez-Miles, 1998, C. blenginii Pérez-Miles, 1998, C. chicoi Pérez- http://gia.sea-entomologia.org Miles, 1998, C. elegans (Simon, 1889), C. fasciatus (Mello-Leitão, 1930), C. Página web SEA: fernandoi Fukushima, Bertani & da Silva, 2005, C. leetzi Vol, 1999, C. no- http://www.sea-entomologia.org gueiranetoi Fukushima, Bertani & da Silva, 2005, C. perezmilesi Kaderka, 2007, C. pribiki Pérez-Miles & Weinmann, 2009, C. ritae Pérez-Miles, 1998, C. rogerioi Pérez-Miles & Weinmann, 2009, C. sellatus (Simon, 1889), C. versicolor (Simon, 1897).

88 Radan Kaderka

Material and methods private collection, Czech Republic, SMFD = Sencken- berg Museum, Frankfurt, Germany. The material was obtained by searching a dry forest up to the altitude of around 600 meters above sea level OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: Cyriocosmus perezmilesi during daytime manual collecting. The types were sepa- Kaderka, 2007, male holotype from , San Bue- rately preserved in 75% ethanol and housed in the de- naventura, Beni province, October 14, 2004, Radan pository of NMPC. All material was examined and Kaderka col. (NMPC P6E-2983); Cyriocosmus perez- measured by a binocular microscope Leica S6D with the milesi Kaderka, 2007, seven mature males and two lar- magnification range from 6.3x up to 40x and an ocular vae from Bolivia, San Buenaventura, Beni province, graticule 10 mm/ 0.1 mm. offsprings of male holotype and female paratype (males All measurements were taken according to the central RKCP 0174, RKCP 0175, RKCP 0176, RKCP 0177, axis of structures and are given in millimetres. The RKCP 0178, RKCP 0179, RKCP 0180; larvae RKCP measurement of the total body length including cephalo- 0181, RKCP 0182); Cyriocosmus pribiki Pérez-Miles & thorax and abdomen without spinnerets was made using Weinmann, 2009, male holotype from Peru, Amazonas, a calliper. The measurements of the leg and palpal seg- Tingo, Gualap, October 22, 1996, F. Pribik col. (SMFD ments were taken dorsally. 60237); Cyriocosmus rogerioi Pérez-Miles & Wein- The eye measurements were taken from the widest spans mann, 2009, male holotype from Peru, Amazonas, of the lens, AME in almost dorsal view, ALE, PLE and Gualap, Chachapoyas, October 22, 1996, F. Pribik col. PME in dorsolateral view. (SMFD 60239); Cyriocosmus sp., male from Venezuela, The extent of tarsal and metatarsal scopulae was ex- State of Táchira, March 2006, V. Fura and B. Velas col. pressed as a percentage of the total length of the seg- (RKCP 0054). ment. The leg spination was described using a following Taxonomy method. Each leg segment was divided into four quad- ORDER: Araneae Clerck, 1757 rants (dorsal, ventral, prolateral and retrolateral) and INFRAORDER: Mygalomorphae Pocock, 1892 each quadrant described separately in a dorsal and ven- FAMILY: Theraphosidae Thorell, 1870 tral view. An unequal numbers of spines of the same leg SUBFAMILY: Theraphosinae Thorell, 1870 segments on the right and left side were expressed by GENUS: Cyriocosmus Simon, 1903 parentheses. GENERIC TYPE: Cyriocosmus sellatus (Simon, 1889) The spermathecae were separated from the exuvia of the female paratype and preserved in 75% alcohol without GENERIC DIAGNOSIS: Differs from all known genera of the uterus externus. Theraphosinae by the presence of the PA in male palpal The terminology of male palpal bulb structures follows bulb morphology and by the presence of spermathecae Bertani (2000) except tegular protuberance (TP) which with two separated spiral seminal receptacles mostly is discussed. terminated with caliciform extensions, in combination The abdominal urticating hairs were removed from the with the presence of the type III urticating hairs on dor- area of urticating hairs by pincette, placed in alcohol and sal abdomen. examined and measured by binocular microscope

Olympus BH2-RFCA and after dehydration in critical Cyriocosmus venezuelensis sp. n. point dryer CPD 030 (BAL-TEC) and latter gold coating Figures 1-14, Tables I-II in ion sputtering device SCD 030 (BAL-TEC) examined by a scanning electron microscope JEOL JSM-6380LV. TYPES: MALE HOLOTYPE, NMPC P6E-2997, from: The terminology of urticating hairs follows Cooke et al. Venezuela, State of Lara, Carora, 9°54'58''N, (1972). The barbs of urticating hairs whose tips are 70°15'13''W (dry forest), February 2006, V. Fura and B. oriented to the body are considered as reversed. Velas col.; one FEMALE PARATYPE, NMPC P6E-2999 The photographs of preserved material were taken with and one MALE PARATYPE, NMPC P6E-2998, the same a Canon G5 mounted directly on the eye piece of a bin- locality, date and collector as holotype. ocular microscope Leica S6D illuminated with incorpo- rated LED ringlight. The photographs of live specimens ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is derived from distri- were taken with a Canon IXUS 850 IS. The scanning bution area covering the Venezuelan states of Lara and electron micrograph (SEM) was made with a scanning Carabobo. electron microscope JEOL JSM-6380LV. Abbreviations: AME = anterior median eyes, ALE = DIAGNOSIS: Cyriocosmus venezuelensis sp. n. can be anterior lateral eyes, PME = posterior median eyes, PLE distinguished from all other congeners by its uniformly = posterior lateral eyes, OQ = ocular quadrangle (in- coloured carapace, dark ventral band on the abdomen cluding lateral eyes). p = prolateral, r = retrolateral, d = and by its paraembolic apophysis reaching a half the dorsal, v = ventral, a = apical, c = central, b = basal. PA length of the embolus. = paraembolic apophysis, PS = prolateral superior keel, E = embolus, TP = tegular protuberance, TA = tegular DISTRIBUTION (figure 14): Known from the Venezuelan apophysis. NMPC = National Museum (Natural His- states of Lara and Carabobo. The occurrence is also tory), Praha, Czech Republic, RKCP = Radan Kaderka highly presumable in the state of Yaracuy which is situ-

Cyriocosmus venezuelensis sp. n. from Venezuela 89

Figure 1. C. venezuelensis sp. n., Vene- zuela, State of Lara, Carora, male. Scale bar = 10 mm (photo by P. Just).

Figures 2-4. C. venezuelensis sp. n., male paratype (NMPC P6E-2998), Venezuela, State of Lara, Carora. 2-3. Morphology of male palpal bulb, (2) retrolateral view, (3) prolateral view; E = embolus, PS = prolateral superior keel, PA = paraembolic apophysis, TP = tegular protuberance. 4. Male tibial apophyses, ventrally prolateral view. Scale bar = 1 mm.

ated among these states mentioned above. PME-PME 0.40, PME-PLE 0.02, ALE-PLE 0.11, AME- PME 0.09, OQ length 0.45, width 0.99. Ocular tubercle: DESCRIPTION: MALE (figures 1-5, 8-12): Total length: length 0.65, width 0.99; clypeus absent. Fovea trans- 12.2, carapace length 5.9, width 5.1, chelicerae with 8 verse, width 0.8, 3.9 from the anterior edge of carapace. teeth on promargin (from the basal end: one small and 7 Labium length 0.65, width 1.10, anterior quarter with big teeth, the third up to fifth tooth are smaller). Anterior 25-30 cuspules, maxilla with approximately 60-70 eye row procurved, posterior eye row slightly recurved cuspules in anterior basal third, a few of them reaches in dorsal view. Eye sizes and interdistances (fig. 11): the middle of maxilla (fig. 12). Sternum length 2.85, AME 0.25 (circular), ALE 0.26 (oval), PME 0.11 (oval), width 2.35, one visible pair of sternal sigilla located near PLE 0.16 (oval); AME-AME 0.11, AME-ALE 0.10, coxae III (length 0.14, 0.15 from the edge of sternum). 90 Radan Kaderka Leg pattern: IV>I>II>III. Incrassate leg segments: pa- second and third ones do not also reach the central tella I, tibia I and slightly incrassate femur III. patch, the fourth short and undistinct stripe is located Scopulae: All tarsi, 100% scopulated, metatarsi I-III near spinnerets. Ventral view: labium, sternum, coxae 50%, metatarsi IV 25% scopulated. Tarsi I undivided, and trochanters reddish brown; labium without covering tarsi II divided by a line of hairs, tarsi III, IV divided by hairs, sternum thinly covered with yellowish pubescens a narrow band of contiguous hairs. Dorsal face of all intermixed with long dark hairs; coxae and trochanters tarsi with two irregular longitudinal rows of very short thinly covered with yellow pubescens intermixed with clavate hairs. Pad of plumose hairs on retrolateral face pale hairs; femora black intermixed with long grey hairs, of femur IV is absent. patellae, tibiae and metatarsi dark grey and covered with Spination: femora I p 0-0-1 (apical), II p 0-1-1 (apical), thin pale pubescens and long black hairs. Ventral abdo- III 0, IV d 0-0-1 (apical) and femora of palps 0; patellae men with longitudinal dark band and with fawn pubes- I-IV and patellae of palp 0; tibiae I v 1-2-1 (apical; in a cens creating three well-developed lateral stripes, the close proximity to retrolateral tibial apophysis), p 0-1-0, fourth one is undistinct and not joined at base with the r 0-0-1 (apical), II v 1-1-2 (apical), p 0-2-0, III v 0-3-2 ventral fawn pubescens. Spinnerets covered with fawn (apical), p 1-1-0, r 1-1-0, IV v (1-2)-(2-3)-2 (apical), r 1- pubescens. 1-0 and tibiae of palps 0; metatarsi I v 0-0-1 (apical), II FEMALE (fig. 5-7): Total length: 15.2, carapace length v 0-1-1 (apical), III v (1-2)-(1-2)-2 (apical), p 1-2-2 6.7, width 6.0, chelicerae with 8 teeth on promargin. (apical), r 0-1-1 (apical), IV v 1-(2-3)-(1-3) (apical), p 0- Anterior eye row slightly procurved, posterior eye row 1-1 (apical), r 0-2-1 (apical), d 0-(0-1)-1 (apical). recurved in dorsal view. Eye sizes and interdistances: Palpal organ as in figures 2 and 3, embolus with PA AME 0.26 (circular), ALE 0.42 (oval), PME 0.25 (oval), reaching half of the embolus length and with smooth PS PLE 0.30 (oval); AME-AME 0.12, AME-ALE 0.10, keel, lengths of embolus and PA measured from the PME-PME 0.50, PME-PLE 0.00, ALE-PLE 0.07, AME- point they are separated: embolus 0.33, PA 0.16; PME 0.10, OQ length 0.62, width 1.05. Ocular tubercle: tegulum with distinct granulated TP on prolateral face. length 0.90, width 1.05; clypeus absent. Fovea slightly Retrolateral face of cymbium with basal field of spines. procurved, width 1.2, 4.8 from the anterior edge of cara- Presence of distinct protuberance with cluster of numer- pace. Labium length 1.5, width 1.8, anterior half with ous spines on retrolateral face of palpal tibia (figs. 8-9). about 40 cuspules, maxillae with approximately 60-70 Two unequal tibial apophyses present on tibia I (fig. 4): cuspules. Almost rounded sternum, length 3.3, width longer retrolateral tibial apophysis with very short stout 3.1, with two visible pairs of sternal sigilla located near spine at apex, length 1.35, length from the point where coxae III (length 0.26, 0.25 from the edge of sternum) the both apohyses are separated: 0.65; shorter prolateral and between coxae II and III (length 0.10, 0.17 from the tibial apophysis with one well-developed retrolateral edge of sternum). Leg pattern: IV>I>II>III. Incrassate spine at base and of the same length as the prolateral leg segments absent except slightly incrassate femora tibial apophysis, length 1.15, length from the point III. where the both apophyses are separated: 0.45. Metatar- Scopulae: All tarsi, 100% densely scopulated, metatarsi sus I not sigmoidly curved and without a protuberance I-III 50%, metatarsi IV 25% scopulated. Tarsus I di- on retrolateral face. When folded it is contacting the vided by a line of hairs, tarsi II-IV divided by a narrow both tibial apophyses. Maxillary and trochanteral stridu- band of contiguous hairs. Dorsal face of all tarsi with latory hairs absent. Abdomen: urticating hairs of type III two irregular longitudinal rows of very short clavate with short reversed barbs are located in central reddish hairs. Retrolateral face of femur IV is bare. brown glossy patch, hair length 0.20-0.24. Urticating Spination: femora I-IV and femora of palps 0; patellae I- hairs have no reversed barbs at apex, only reversed IV and patellae of palps 0; tibiae I v 0, II v 0, III v 0-0-2 denticles. Posterior lateral spinnerets: length 2.85, digiti- (apical), p 0-1-0, rl 1-1-0, IV v 0-0-2 (apical), r 1-1-0 form, basal segment 0.65, middle segment 0.75, apical (apical) and tibiae of palps v 0-0-3 (apical); metatarsi I v segment 1.45. Anterior median spinnerets: 0.55. 1-0-1 (apical), II v 0-1-1 (apical), III v 0-1-1 (apical), p Coloration and covering hairs: dorsal view: carapace 1-1-1, r 0-1-1, IV v 2-3-3 (apical), p 0-2-1, r 0-1-1. uniformely covered with glossy reddish brown pubes- Spermathecae (fig. 6): two separated spiral seminal cens without dark caput; coxae and trochanters covered receptacles terminated with a caliciform extension. with reddish brown pubescens, chelicerae dark grey Maxillary and trochanteral stridulatory hairs absent. with basal reddish brown pubescens, femora black in- Palpal femur and femur I prolaterally bare. Abdomen: termixed with long dark hairs, apically with small trian- urticating hairs of type III with short reversed barbs are gular grey spot; patellae, tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi cov- located in central reddish brown glossy patch, length ered with grey pubescens and long grey hairs. Patellae I, 0.20-0.27 (fig. 13). Apical part of urticating hairs lacks a II and palpal patella with two distinct longitudinal reversed barbs. Posterior lateral spinnerets: length 4.5, stripes without covering pubescens, patellae III, IV with digitiform, basal segment 1.35, middle segment 1.30, one such stripe. Abdomen covered with black pubescens apical segment 1.85. Anterior median spinnerets: 0.57. intermixed with long pale hairs in posterior part except Coloration and covering hairs (fig. 7): dorsal view: central reddish brown glossy patch in the shape of heart. carapace covered with glossy reddish brown pubescens Length of central reddish brown patch: 1.95, width 1.90. without dark caput, coxae and trochanters covered with Presence of four fawn lateral stripes, the first pair of reddish brown pubescens, chelicerae dark grey with ba- anterior stripes is not joined with the central patch, the sal reddish brown pubescens, femora black and inter- Cyriocosmus venezuelensis sp. n. from Venezuela 91

Figure 5. C. venezuelensis sp. n., Vene- zuela, State of Lara, Carora, female. Scale bar = 10 mm (photo by P. Just).

Figures 6-7. C. venezuelensis sp. n., female paratype (NMPC P6E-2999), Venezuela, State of Lara, Carora. 6. Spermathecae. Two separated spiral seminal receptacles terminated with a caliciform extension, dorsal view. BCP = basal convex plate. 7. Col- our pattern. From top, carapace, dorsal abdomen, lateral abdomen and ventral abdomen. Scale bar = 1 mm (fig. 6). Scale bar = 10 mm (fig. 7).

mixed by long dark hairs, apically with small triangular row stripe is located near spinnerets. Ventral view: la- grey spot; patellae, tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi covered bium, sternum, coxae and trochanters reddish brown; with grey pubescens and long grey hairs. Patellae I, II labium and sternum intermixed with dark hairs; coxae and palpal patella with two distinct longitudinal stripes and trochanters covered with pale pubescens intermixed without covering pubescens, patellae III, IV with one with dark and pale hairs; femora black, thinly covered such stripe. Abdomen covered with black pubescens with pale pubescens intermixed with dark grey hairs, intermixed with long pale hairs in posterior part except patellae, tibiae and metatarsi dark grey, thinly covered central reddish brown glossy patch in the shape of heart. with pale pubescens and dark grey hairs. Ventral abdo- Length of central patch: 3.0, width 2.6. Presence of four men with longitudinal dark band and with fawn pubes- fawn lateral stripes, the first anterior stripes are not cens creating three well-developed lateral stripes, the joined with the central patch, the second and third ones fourth one is not joined at base with the ventral fawn almost reach the central patch, the fourth short and na- pubescens. Spinnerets covered with fawn pubescens.

92 Radan Kaderka

Figures 8-12. C. venezuelensis sp. n., male holotype (NMPC P6E-2997), Venezuela, State of Lara, Carora. 8-9. Male cymbium with basal field of spines (a) and tibia with cluster of numerous spines on apical protuberance (b), (8) retrolateral view, (9) ven- tral view. 10. Sternum with coxae and chelicerae, ventral view. 11. Ocular tubercle, dorsal view. 12. Labium with maxillae, ventral view. Scale bar = 1 mm.

C. pribiki Pérez-Miles & Weinmann, 2009 holotype examined. Figures 15-18 C. rogerioi Pérez-Miles & Weinmann, 2009: 32, figs. 7- C. pribiki Pérez-Miles & Weinmann, 2009: 30, figs. 1-6. 11. Holotype male, SMFD 60239, from Kuelap, Holotype male, SMFD 60237, paratype females, SMFD Chachapoyas, Peru, at about 3.000 m a.s.l., 20. October 60238, from Tingo, Amazonas, Peru, at about 2.200- 1996, F. Pribik col., examined. Female unknown. New 2.500 m a.s.l., 22. October 1996, F. Pribik col., male synonymy.

Cyriocosmus venezuelensis sp. n. from Venezuela 93

Figure 13. C. venezuelensis sp. n., female paratype (NMPC P6E-2999), Venezuela, State of Lara, Carora. Detail of abdominal urticating hairs of the type III, midsection with short reversed barbs (“reversed” means orientated to the base). Scale bar = 10 micrometers (photo by J. Bulantová).

Figure 14. C. venezuelensis sp. n., distri- bution map. 1-2. State of Lara. 3. State of Carabobo.

DIAGNOSIS: The males differ from all other congeners cuspules as well (56 in male of C. rogerioi), from C by the absence of abdominal striped pattern and the pribiki by the increased number of maxillary cuspules retrolateral branch of the tibial apophyses being distally (about 200) and longer embolus of the palpal organ incrassate and flattened. From C. bertae by the short PA (Pérez-Miles & Weinmann, 2009). separated from the half-oval smooth PS keel (in C. ber- The embolus of C. rogerioi is approximately of the same tae the PS keel is serrated and more quadrangular rather length as in C. pribiki (+-3 %), but if it is taken into than half-oval), by the absence of the frame of pale hairs consideration the total length of the tegulum with embo- on the carapace. lus, the relative length of embolus in C. rogerioi is in fact shorter, only 94% of the relative length of embolus DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type localities, in C. pribiki. The length of embolus was measured from Tingo and Kuelap near Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru, the tip to the point from which the embolus strongly at 2.200-3.000 m a.s.l. All types were collected near the widens into the tegulum. road from Tingo to Kuelap. The number of labial or maxillary cuspules as well as artificially defined categories using a different number Discussion of cuspules is to be considered as a non-additive charac- ter for systematics of theraphosids due to its high degree The diagnoses of C. pribiki and C. rogerioi, new syno- of variability inside one species, one sex and between nym are congruent, except the number of labial and both sexes. The variability in the number of labial and maxillary cuspules. C. pribiki differs from C. bertae by maxillary cuspules using the basic statistic calculations the reduced number of labial cuspules (about 96 in male (minimum, maximum, arithmetic mean, standard devia- of C. bertae and 39 in male of C. pribiki). C. rogerioi tion) was recorded i.a. in Ortiz (2008), Reichling & differs from C. bertae by the reduced number of labial West (1996) and in the Table III and IV. 94 Radan Kaderka The term tegular protuberance (TP) was firstly used in anteriorly (Gerschman de Pikelin & Schiapelli, 1972). the description of Cyriocosmus perezmilesi (Kaderka, The TP found in Cyriocosmus venezuelensis sp. n., 2007). The TP is a basal protuberance projecting Cyriocosmus perezmilesi and also in Cyriocosmus sp. prolaterally from the tegulum in the male palpal bulb. It from Venezuela, State of Táchira is not homologous is well visible as subtriangular or subsemicircular lobe with well developed tegular apophysis (TA) which was in ventral or dorsal view rather than laterally. found in species of the genus Hommoeoma Ausserer, The TA is a digitiform basal apophysis projecting from 1871 and considered by Pérez-Miles et al. (1996) as an the tegulum retrolaterally (Pérez-Miles et al., 1996) or autapomorphy for the cited genus.

Figures 15-18. 15-16. Cyriocomus pribiki Pérez-Miles & Weinmann, 2009, male holotype (SMFD 60237), Peru, Amazonas, Tingo, Kuelap, morphology of left palpal bulb, (15) retrolateral view, (16) prolateral view. 17-18. Cyriocomus rogerioi Pérez- Miles & Weinmann, 2009, male holotype (SMFD 60239), Peru, Amazona, Chachapoyas, Kuelap, morphology of left palpal bulb, (17) retrolateral view, (18) prolateral view. PS = prolateral superior keel, PA = paraembolic apophysis, TP = tegular protuber- ance. Scale bar = 1 mm.

KEY TO CYRIOCOSMUS SPECIES 6. Clear central area covering approximately 50% (modified from the key of Cyriocosmus species by of the dorsal abdomen ………………. C. fernandoi Fukushima et al., 2005): - Characteristic “heart shaped” clear central area pattern covering approximately 30% of the FEMALES (females of Cyriocosmus bertae, C. blenginii dorsal abdomen …………………………. C. elegans and C. ritae are unknown) 7. Basal and apical areas of all femora of distinctly different coloration …………………. C. perezmilesi 1. With striped pattern on dorsal abdomen ………….2 - Basal and apical areas of all femora of the same - Without striped pattern on the dorsal abdomen …..9 coloration, ventral abdominal area with a longitu- 2. Three clear stripes on each side of the dorsal ab- dinal dark band …..... C. venezuelensis new species domen, a longitudinal dark band on the ventral 8. Spermathecae with a sinuous neck, without calici- abdomen ………………….…………….... C. leetzi form seminal receptacle; carapace with only - More than 3 clear stripes on each side of the cephalic region dark ………….…. C. nogueira-netoi dorsal abdomen ………………………..…….…... 3 - Spermathecae spiral with caliciform seminal 3. Dorsal abdomen with 4 clear stripes on each side ... 4 receptacle; carapace with a blackish area covering - Dorsal abdomen with 5 clear stripes on each side … 8 the cephalic region and a large part of thoracic 4. Cephalic area dark ………………………….….… 5 region ………………..……………………. C. chicoi - Cephalic area of the same colour as thoracic area . 7 9. Cephalic area dark ………….……….… C. versicolor 5. Clear central area covering approximately 80% - Cephalic area of the same colour as the thoracic of the dorsal abdomen ……...... C. fasciatus area ………………….….…….………………..... 10 - Clear central area covering less than 80% of the 10. Fundus of seminal receptacle caliciform.. C. sellatus dorsal abdomen …………….……………………. 6 - Fundus of seminal receptacle globular ….. C. pribiki Cyriocosmus venezuelensis sp. n. from Venezuela 95

MALES 10. Carapace with dark cephalic area and radially arranged spots on thoracic area, lateral stripes 1. Long paraembolic apophysis …………………..… 2 on abdomen joined with clear central area, - Short paraembolic apophysis ……………………… 8 weakly developed PS keel and PA ……….. C. leetzi 2. With striped pattern on the dorsal abdomen ….….. 3 - Carapace without dark cephalic area (uniformly - Without striped pattern on the dorsal abdomen, coloured), lateral stripes on abdomen not joined tibia I and cymbium having retrolateral spiniform with clear central area, well developed PS keel hairs …………………………………..... C. sellatus and PA reaching a half of the embolus ....……… 3. Ventral abdomen with a longitudinal dark band, ……..………...…….C. venezuelensis new species tibia incrassate, metatarsus I with a median protu- 11. Cephalic area dark, well developed PS keel …….. berance …………………………………..... C. ritae ………………………………………… C. elegans - Without these characters ……………………….… 4 - Cephalic area of the same colour as thoracic area …. 4. Palpal tibia with a retrolateral field of spiniform ….…………………..………….…... C. perezmilesi hairs …………………………………………….… 5 12. Palpal tibia without a retrolateral field of spini- - Palpal tibia without a retrolateral field of form hairs, metatarsus I contacts the retrolateral spiniform hairs ………………………….………… 6 area of the retrolateral branch of the tibial apophy- 5. Paraembolic apophysis originating dorsally sis when folded; cephalic area dark ….. C. versicolor to the embolus, 5 clear stripes on each side of - Palpal tibia with a retrolateral field of spiniform the dorsal abdomen …………………… C. blenginii hairs, cephalic area the same colour as thoracic - Paraembolic apophysis originating prolaterally area ……………………………………….……. 13 to the embolus, 4 clear stripes on each side of 13. PS keel serrated, more quadrangular rather than the dorsal abdomen ………………...….. C. fasciatus half-oval, metatarsus I contacts both branches 6. Paraembolic apophysis originating prolaterally of tibial apophyses when folded, presence of to the embolus ..……………...……..… C. fernandoi the frame of pale hairs on the carapace …. C. bertae - Paraembolic apophysis originating dorsally - PS keel smooth, half-oval, metatarsus I contacts to the embolus ……………….…………………… 7 the apical area of the retrolateral branch of the 7. Carapace with a blackish area covering only tibial apophyses when folded, absence of the the cephalic region, abdominal colour pattern frame of pale hairs on the carapace …...… C. pribiki having the lighter central area invaginated forward …………………………. C. nogueira-netoi Acknowledgements - Carapace with a blackish area covering the ce- I would like to express my gratitude to the following persons phalic region and a large part of thoracic region, who helped me with this paper. To Richard Gallon from abdominal colour pattern having the anterior United Kingdom, Miguel Angel García-Villafuerte from dark area entering the lighter central area . C. chicoi Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Mexico, 8. Striped pattern on dorsal abdomen …………..…… 9 Faculdad de Biología, to David Ortiz and Frantisek Pribik for - No striped pattern on dorsal abdomen ……….… 12 useful comments and suggestions on the manuscript, to Peter 9. Ventral surface of abdomen with a longitudinal Jäger and Julia Altmann from Senckenberg Museum, Frank- dark band …………………….……………..…… 10 furt am Main, Germany, to B. Velas and V. Fura who pro- - Ventral surface of abdomen without a longitu- vided me with the type material, photographs and valuable dinal dark band ………………….….………….… 11 information about distribution of this sp. n., to Pavel Just for photographs of adult specimens, to Jana Bulantová from Charles University, Czech Republic, Department of Parasitol- ogy for SEM micrographs of urticating hairs and to Jiří Machač from Institute of Botany, Czech Republic.

References

BERTANI, R. 2000. Male palpal bulbs and homologous fea- vista Iberica de Aracnologia, Vol. 14: 63-68. tures in Theraphosinae (Araneae: Theraphosidae). The MELLO-LEITÃO, C. F. 1930. Aranhas do Cuminá. Archivos do Journal of Arachnology, 28: 29-42. Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, 32: 51-75. COOKE, J. A. L., ROTH, V. D. & MILLER, F. H. 1972. The urti- ORTIZ, D. 2008. Description of Cubanana cristinae, a new cating hairs of theraphosid . American Museum genus and species of theraphosinae (Araneae: Novitates, 2498: 1-43. Theraphosidae) from the island of Cuba. Bol. Soc. ent. FUKUSHIMA, C. S., BERTANI, R. & DA SILVA, P. I. JR. 2005. Aragonesa, 42: 107-122. Revision of Cyriocosmus Simon, 1903, with notes on PÉREZ-MILES, F., LUCAS, S. M., DA SILVA, P. I. JR. & BERTANI, the genus Hapalopus Ausserer, 1875 (Araneae: Thera- R. 1996. Systematic Revision and Cladistic Analysis of phosidae). Zootaxa, 846: 1-31. Theraphosinae (Araneae: Theraphosidae). Mygalo- GERSCHMAN DE PIKELIN, B. S. & SCHIAPELLI, R. D. 1972. El morph, 1(3): 33-68. género Homoeomma Ausserer 1871 (Araneae: Thera- PÉREZ-MILES, F. 1998. Revision and phylogenetic analysis of phosidae). Physis, Buenos Aires, 82: 237-258. the neotropical genus Cyriocosmus Simon, 1903 (Ara- KADERKA, R. 2007. Cyriocosmus perezmilesi sp. n. from neae, Theraphosidae). Bulletin of the British arach- Bolivia (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Theraphosinae). Re- nological Society, 11(3): 95-103. 96 Radan Kaderka PÉREZ-MILES, F. & WEINMANN, D. 2009. Two new species of Société Entomologique de France, 9(6): 169-220. Cyriocosmus Simon, 1903 from Peru and the highest SIMON, E. 1897. Liste des Arachnides recueillis aux îles du rekord for the genus (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Thera- Cap Vert, dans la République Argentine et le Paraguay phosinae). Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, Vol. 17: 29- et descriptions d'espèces nouvelles. Bolletino dei Musei 35. di Zoologia e Anatomia comparata. Torino, 12: 12-56. REICHLING, S. B. & WEST, R. C. 1996. A new genus and spe- SIMON, E. 1903. Histoire naturelle de araignées, 2(4): 669- cies of theraphosid from Belize (Araneae, Thera- 1080. phosidae). Journal of arachnology, 24 (3): 254-261. VOL, F. 1999. Description d´une nouvelle espece de Cyrio- SCHIAPELLI, R. D. & GERSCHMAN DE PIKELIN, B. S. 1973. El cosmus Simon 1903 (Araneae, Theraphosidae), Cyrio- género Cyriocosmus Simon 1901 (Araneae, cosmus leetzi sp. n. de Colombie. Arachnides, 43: 2-10. Theraphosidae). Physis, Seccion C, 32: 61-70. SIMON, E. 1889. Voyage de M. E. Simon au Venezuela (Dé- . cembre 1887-Avril 1888), . Annales de la

Table I: Cyriocosmus venezuelensis sp. n. Male holotype. Lengths of palpal and leg segments:

Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total Palp 2.5 1.8 2.2 - 0.8 7.3 Leg I 4.0 2.8 3.2 3.9 2.3 16.2 Leg II 3.9 2.4 3.0 3.0 2.3 14.6 Leg III 3.5 2.0 2.2 2.9 2.2 12.8 Leg IV 4.5 2.4 3.8 4.7 2.7 18.1

Table II: Cyriocosmus venezuelensis sp. n. Female paratype. Lengths of palpal and leg segments:

Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total Palp 4.0 2.1 2.5 - 2.4 11.0 Leg I 4.9 3.2 4.0 2.9 2.2 17.2 Leg II 4.2 2.8 2.9 2.8 2.0 14.7 Leg III 3.6 2.3 2.2 2.6 2.0 12.7 Leg IV 5.0 2.8 3.7 4.3 2.8 18.6

Table III: Cyriocosmus perezmilesi Kaderka, 2007. The variability of labial and maxillary cuspules in adult males.

Length Number of labial Number of Number of Specimens of carapace cuspules maxillary cuspules maxillary cuspules mm right side left side RKCP 0174 7,8 61 163 164 RKCP 0175 7,1 64 200 192 RKCP 0176 6,3 56 195 194 RKCP 0177 6,2 65 169 166 RKCP 0178 5,5 41 144 151 RKCP 0179 6,2 75 192 184 RKCP 0180 6,8 66 201 201

Minimum 5,5 41 144 151 Maximum 7,8 75 201 201 Arithmetical mean 6,6 61 181 179 Standard deviation 0,6 7 19 16

Table IV: Cyriocosmus perezmilesi Kaderka, 2007. The number of labial and maxillary cuspules in larvae.

Length Number of labial Number of Number of Specimens of carapace cuspules maxillary cuspules maxillary cuspules mm right side left side RKCP 0181 1,4 11 20 21 RKCP 0182 1,5 9 21 23