Emigration Facts &figures 2 http://www.portalconsular.itamaraty.gov.br/perda-da-nacionalidade online polls.http://www.itamaraty.gov.br/en/perguntas-frequentes-artigos/19385-assistance-to--abroad#II18 1 For elections.Voters presidential mustbeonthenearest consulate’s registration inperson;is nopostal listandvote vote there or for civilrights. orto theperson exercise residing to remain as opposedto naturalisation). the other nationality where i.e. by origin (birth is acquired or descent, recognition of “originary nationality” Firstly, A 1994Brazilian exceptions. constitutional one. amendmentallowstwo inthecaseofforeign law *According to theBrazilian constitution, maylosetheir Brazilian anothernationality citizenswhoacquire % ofemigrants in total population Remittances inflow(USD million): Remittances asashareofGDP: Diaspora engagementmapping Brazil doesnothaveadiaspora engagementpolicy. 1 The second exception occurs when the other country requires naturalisation requires Thesecond occurs exception whentheother country % ofwhich in theEU

0.2 3,180 % US Top countries ofdestination Political rights At embassies/consulates Voting fromabroad: 2 for citizensresidingabroad Right tovote innationalelections Dual citizenship 109,552 115,970 136,526 189,735 459,876 1 1

BRAZIL The Ministry of Foreign Affairs created created The Ministry Affairs Foreign of 4 comprises around 100 joint activities aimed around comprises 5 6

7 establishes principles and guidelines of government policy for Brazilian Brazilian policy for of government and guidelines principles establishes 3

rends:

exchange transaction. exchange to international relations. FUNAG has been involved in supporting the diaspora through the through in supporting has been involved the diaspora relations. international FUNAG to of meetings and publications. organisation to as part of its efforts remittances regulations for changed Bank of Brazil the Central In 2017, can now be deposited abroad open the banking from sector to A cash transfer more players. a foreign the need for without reais, in Brazilian directly a checking or savings account into Achievements: Achievements: in co-organised was abroad communities of the Brazilians conference international The first to linked by the Alexandre (FUNAG), de Gusamo Foundation foundation - a public 2008-2009 policy and themes related foreign the study and disclosure to of Brazilian the MRE devoted transfers and providing consular services. consular and providing transfers as seen relations betweento bridge government and civil society, There are recent efforts institutions are institutionsm and financial government to linked by public foundations involved in social development. increasingly becoming T the with engaged is relatively and not substantially autonomous diaspora The Brazilian also tend remit other nationalities, and they to to compared tend Brazilians homeland. Fewer awareness. The on cultural mainly focus they abroad Once numbers. in smaller emigrate to to enabling remittance are mainly limited a low profile. Its efforts also maintains government

at meeting the demands of the Brazilian Diaspora. The of the Brazilian at meeting the demands services such as consular areas covers plan social health; social security; education; expatriate labour; communities; and assistance; policies for technology. and and science services affairs economic culture and communication; and human rights; communities abroad. It includes the Brazilian Conferences in the World (CBM) and creation of the the of and creation (CBM) in the World Conferences includes the Brazilian It abroad. communities (CRBE). Abroad of Brazilians of Representatives Council the website Portal the decree implement to (see in the World) no Mundo (Brazilians Brasileiros Spotlight section). Plan Action Abroad’ Brazilians to Benefit ‘Actions Decree No. 7.214 Decree No.

5 http://www.itamaraty.gov.br/en/press-releases/16677-actions-to-benefit-brazilians-abroad Expanding the Citizenship of the Brazilian Policies and Practices: “Engagement Beatriz. Padilla, 6 http://funag.gov.br/index.php/pt-br/, doi:10.1111/j.1468-2435.2011.00694.x. pp. 10–29., 2011, 3, no. vol. 49, Migration, International Diaspora.” 7 https://www.bnamericas.com/en/news/brazils-central-bank-updates-remittances-regulations 3 http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2007-2010/2010/decreto/d7214.htm 4 http://www.brasileirosnomundo.itamaraty.gov.br/apresentacao/decreto-no-7.987-de-17-de-abril-de-2013 • Overview policy of the framework: and legislative • 2011 2010

BRAZIL Brazilians intheWorld SPOTLIGHT: • • • Obstacles 11 https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/diaspora_handbook_en_for_web_28may2013.pdf 10 http://www.brasileirosnomundo.itamaraty.gov.br/trabalho-empreendedorismo-retorno-remessas/programa-remessas 9 https://www.ccn.com/ripple-launch-brazil-2-billion-remittances/ 8 http://www.brasileirosnomundo.itamaraty.gov.br/ remittance-linked financialproducts to the tailored target population. conducted needsassessments for migrants andtheirfamilies livinginMassachusetts,and developed six training businesses.Theprogram to start and strengthen hasestablished apartnership withaUSbank, Businesses (CAIXA’s isalsotaking steps inBrazil thatremittance to recipients ensure receive partner) grants to help thembecome business leaders. future for TheBrazilian Support Service Micro andSmall to theirneeds. tailored withfinancialservices and theirrelatives This government-run bankactsasthemainagent ofBrazil’s socialpolicies.Itoffers support tomigrants CAIXA remittances structures. ofcurrent unreliability common in traditional money transfer mechanisms. people inBrazil to sendmoney abroad withoutthehighfees andtheslowtransaction timesthatare laboration withSan Francisco-based startup Ripple. Brazil-based exchangebroker Corretora Frente launchedafintech col Front Exchange) deCâmbio(The SIMPLE checking andendorsing consular data agents. anddocumentsbyregistered byelectronic means,voters withimmediate processing outsidethecountry bytheElectoral Justice after Itallowstheregistration, transfer,the Federal District. registration change ofBrazilian andregularisation Net isajointinitiativeoftheItamaraty, theSuperior Electoral Court andtheRegional Electoral Court of Offering better means for Brazilians effectively, abroadtheircitizenshiprightsmore exercise to Titulo Titulo Net and Brazilian communities abroad, aswellamongthemselves. macy. Thewebsite aims is ofForeign Affairs the Ministry andbroaden to strengthen thedialoguebetween by Brazilians abroad, Brazilians intheWorld Conferences, andthelatest developments onconsular diplo ofForeign AffairsThe Ministry website offers information aboutassociationsand organisations managed • • • Political participation: also beenpushingfor suchrepresentation. Recently,reached due to inadequate support. partisan NGOs and government have representatives increase andreduce costs transparency to encourage remittance payments. recentinitiativesthataimatimprovinglicensed are businesses.There foreign exchangecontrols to unlicensed and andhowmuchcompetition reallybetween exists much isarrivinginto thecountry Remittances: permanently abroad voters andyet onlyabout5%ofeligibleexternal participate. Representation: effective practices Information ontheremittance marketplace Itishard to isinadequate. determine how Emigrants cannot be wish tobut agreement have congressional representation 8 Voter turnoutislow. Voting for temporarily citizenswhoare iscompulsory or 9

Ripple uses Simple thefragmentationto address and The blockchain platform, isdesignedto allow Simple, 10 Itsmissionisto provide training to mi 11 - - -

FINANCE REMITTANCES MIGRANT RIGHTS DIGITAL

BRAZIL ------Portal Consular of the MinistryPortal Consular of On the Brasileiros no Mundo website there no Mundo website is On the Brasileiros http://www.itamaraty.gov.br/en/services#consular . , including passports (regular, official or diplomatic); of documents is legalisation , including passports (regular, http://www.portalconsular.itamaraty.gov.br/ councils councils At sub-ministerial At level At ministerial level At National institutions • • • a list of active The Citizen or Citizenship Councils are informal fora that aim to facilitate contacts between contacts nationals living facilitate that aim to fora are informal The Citizen or Citizenship Councils consular network. and the Ministryabroad Affairs’ of Foreign Citizenship Councils http://www.brasileirosnomundo.itamaraty.gov.br/associativismo-e-politicas-para-as-comunidades/ CRBE/espaco-dos-conselhos • and the Brazilian diaspora all over the world, establishing priorities and pursuing opportunities for bi-later opportunities for and pursuing priorities all over the world, establishing diaspora and the Brazilian services in government exchanges. and economic al improvements and cultural CRBE is a worldwide group of 32 elected representatives of nearly 4 million Brazilians living outside of Bra of outside living Brazilians million 4 representatives elected nearly 32 of of group worldwide a is CRBE serve Departmentto Government between liaison State as the Brazilian Brazilian by the It is mandated zil. Council of Representatives of Brazilians Abroad (CRBE) of Brazilians of Representatives Council http://www.brasileirosnomundo.itamaraty.gov.br/ assistance, forms strategies for reaching out to Brazilian emigrants, and updates services and updates emigrants, technolo Brazilian and to out reaching for strategies assistance, forms emigrants. for as web portals) gies (such This office within and created by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 2008 assists the largest and the most largest 2008 assists the in Affairs by the Ministry within and created This office Foreign of consular improves and the diaspora, ties between develops Brazil abroad, communities Brazilian vulnerable Undersecretary Abroad (SGEB) Communities Brazilian for General http://www.itamaraty.gov.br/en/press-releases/16638-1st-meeting-between-the-ministry-of-exter nal-relations-and-the-council-of-brazilian-representatives-abroa-brasilia-may-2-to-6-2011 authorization for children. for authorization The main services on the website offices are listed by consular provided (MRE) Affairs Foreign of residence, documents, such as proof travel of other consular and the issuance and in Brazil, sued abroad Ministry Affairs of Foreign • consular office is the unit through which the Brazilian Government is represented before the Brazilian com Brazilian the is Government Brazilian represented before the which through unit the is office consular citizens within their jurisdiction and within Brazilian to assistance and providing protecting munity abroad, country. and by the lawsthe limits set by existing treaties international of the foreign The Brazilian Consular Network is one of the largest in the world. It consists of a set of Embassies, Consu of consists the world. It in Network of the largest is one Consular The Brazilian abroad. The of assistance citizens in need by Brazilian be contacted which can Vice-Consulates, and lates • Office The Consular Diaspora related institutions related Diaspora Annex: actors List of

BRAZIL The association’s corporate ofBrazil purposeisto initiativesaimedatstimulatingtheinsertion support (ABP)Brazilian AssociationofPortugal tion, assistance infindingaccommodation, schoolsandwork,arrangements withbanks, doctors anddentists. suchasgeneral legal assistance, providing andpsychologicalcounselling, services free translation, interpreta non-governmentalThis non-profit, organization theBrazilian supports intheUnited Kingdomcommunity by Brazilian AssociationintheUnitedKingdom(ABRAS) employability. The associationprovides clarification to theBrazilianregularisation and ontheissueofvisa community https://www.aacilusbrasil.org/aacilus/ AACILUS andImmigration Guidance -AssociationofSocialSupport inPortugal Diaspora organisationsinEurope March 2020March Edited by: Written by: the Brazilian language and culture. develops activitiesto promote basis. It by bothBrazilian andSwissdirectors andmembers onavoluntary va State Council of13/06/2001. Founded byBrazilian andeducators, parents theassociation’s workisdone Based inGeneva, Roots isanon-profit Brazilian cultural association,established byadecisionoftheGene http://raizes.ch/ Roots Association scendants inEdinburgh, residing Scotland -. tosocial support Brazilians Brazilians inScotland andboostingtheconnections between andtheirde ties butthejointpurposesofpromoting givingmoral Brazilian language, andthePortuguese and culture The Scotland-based volunteer-run non-profit association was setupin 2008.religious Ithasnopoliticalor Brazil Caledonia Association resources. financial languages),munity teaching with other groups materials, networking in the UK and abroad, human and ing, qualification),curriculum (different approaches already usedbyotherschools,including com asapointofreference forThe associationattempts to serve guidance onteachers (selection, hiring, train Brazilian Associationfor InternationalEducation education, workandhousing. assisting themintheirpersonal andprofessional lives inthehostcountry, includingintheareas ofhealth, sectors, for among others. It aims to facilitate immigrants’ by necessary access survival to the services ian immigrants ofthehostcountry, inthecommunity labourandacademic namelyinthesocio-cultural, EUDiF Dr Manuel Orozco 2001 2008 Scotland, UK Find out more at Portugal www.diasporadevelopment.eu

http://brasilcaledonia.btck.co.uk/

http://www.abp.com.pt/

http://faubai.org.br/en-us/ UK

http://www.abras.org.uk/ Portugal ------

BRAZIL