Public Art A sub-element of the Public Spaces Master Plan Master Plan

In support of Arlington County's Comprehensive Plan

Adopted Month / Date, 2021

Dark Star Park, Nancy Holt, 1984. Photo by Anice Hoachlander Master Plan Public Art Arlington Public Art Program 2021 Public art is regarded as an important Dark Star Park, Nancy Holt, 1984. Photo by Anice Hoachlander. strategy in Arlington County’s efforts to create a distinctive sense of place. 3 4 CONTENTS Public ArtMaster Plan Documents Related GUIDE PLAN IMPLEMENTATION PUBLIC ART MASTER ENRICHING LIVES 5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

7 Over the last forty years, public art has become a distinctive and welcome aspect of Arlington’s visual landscape. Today, Arlington is home to more than sixty permanent public art projects. These artworks have been commissioned by the County as part of capital improvement projects, sponsored by developers as part of the site plan process, and initiated by communities through neighborhood planning efforts. Arlington’s Public Art Master Plan update charts a course for building on this track record of success in public art.

Arlington Boulevard, Vicki Scuri, 2014. Photo courtesy of Roger Foley Photography.

8 Public Art Master Plan 9 • The priority themes are Federal Arlington, Sets out programmatic Global Arlington, Historic Arlington, WHAT THIS PLAN priorities for public art Innovative Arlington and Sustainable Arlington. These themes will help artists in Arlington: find unique linkages to Arlington’s history, ACCOMPLISHES • Public Art and Civic Design projects will culture, economy and landscape and shape the design of the County’s public develop projects that speak deeply and The purpose of this Public Art Master Plan (PAMP) update is to provide spaces, facilities and infrastructure through directly to the community. a framework for the County's public art goals and priorities. It offers artworks integrated into capital projects. guidance in responding to future opportunities, while embracing new • Special Projects will activate public spaces by Will be accompanied by an approaches for artists working in urban contexts, recognizing that both initiating short-term public art installations, implementation guide that Arlington and the practice of public art have evolved since the County's sparking Arlington’s civic imagination by provides more detail about including artists in planning processes, and initial Public Art Policy and PAMP were approved in the early 2000s. inspiring other civic inquiries. how public art can be

• Audience Engagement activities will developed in collaboration Confirms the vision Establishes four main connect the public to the Collection with County processes and through documentation, programming resources: for public art in Arlington: goals for public art and the development of interactive tools. • Public art will be planned and developed • Arlington’s public realm will be distinctive in the coming years: • Developer Projects, which result from through internal partnerships (County and engaging because it has embraced • Integrate: Public art will be integrated the County’s site plan approval process, agencies) and external collaboration artistic thinking and excellence in the in County facilities and infrastructure as will influence the role that artists play (BIDs and Partnership organizations). imagination, design and activation of a means of advancing excellence in civic in shaping the architecture and public public spaces and facilities. and urban design. aspects of private development projects. • Public art will be incorporated into County facilities and infrastructure, • Connect. Public art will be proactively • Community-Initiated Projects, which in conjunction with current planning, Validates the values and coordinated with long-term urban provide private funds for public art, will be capital budgeting and project development guiding principles for public design and public realm initiatives supported through professional guidance processes. art in Arlington: that are identified in County plans and by staff and other subject-matter experts. implemented through a combination • Public art will be integrated with public • A long-term view in developing projects of public and private investments. realm planning, involving both County Outlines priority areas and private development resources. • Expand. Temporary artworks, artist • Collaboration among multiple stakeholders and themes for public art, The Implementation Guide will be finalized residencies and other non-permanent after the adoption of the PAMP. • Support for the work of public artists public art strategies will be offered ensuring that projects as a unique profession to meet the goals of the County, partners, support the County’s policies, and communities. • Quality in the conceptualization and planning priorities, and vision Offers new tools for execution of projects • Engage. The County’s Public Art for public spaces: exploring the County’s Collection will be activated as a living • A Collection that serves as an ongoing resource that engages residents, workers • The priority areas are major development public art: resource to the community and riparian corridors: Rosslyn–Ballston, and visitors on a day-to-day basis. • A timeline that shows how the County’s Richmond Highway, Columbia Pike, Four commissioning of public art has evolved Mile Run, Lee Highway, and the Potomac over the years. River. The updated plan includes recommendations and tools for public • A map that shows the existing collection art identified in area plans, sector plans and and forthcoming projects at the time of other officially-approved County plans. this plan.

10 Public Art Master Plan 11 CO2LED, Jack Sanders, Robert Gay and Butch Anthony, 2007. Photo KEY courtesy of Arlington A NEW VIEW County. Spielschiff (Play Ship), DEFINITIONS Bonifatius Stirnberg, 2007. Photo by James FOR PUBLIC ART Rawlings. All Aflutter, Rachel Artist This PAMP update newly positions public art as a resource Hayes, 2013. Photo courtesy A person who derives her or his livelihood to support the County’s evolving priorities, such as supporting its of Rachel Hayes. in full or part from the creation of art­— natural resources through sustainable practices, leveraging its a professional artist, craftsperson or artisan. innovative businesses and workforce, fostering equity, and creating For community-initiated projects, this also includes a person with a record of a sense of place in its steadily urbanizing corridors. accomplishment as a practicing artist. It accomplishes this while preserving some of the strongest aspects of Arlington’s approach to public art — its fundamental commitment Public Art to artistic quality, its focus on engaging with the most important A temporary or permanent work of art that places in Arlington’s public realm, and its flexibility in working with is paid for with County funds, or is located many partners to achieve outcomes that satisfy a broad range of goals. on publicly-owned property, or is negotiated as part of a special exception project; and is In this way, public art will continue to be a timely and timeless located either indoors or outdoors in a place resource, responding to current community priorities, while creating that is accessible to the public at least eight hours per day. Artist-designed functional a legacy of artworks and places that are socially inclusive and elements are included in this definition. aesthetically diverse features of Arlington’s public realm. Creative Placemaking

Yoga Inspired by An emerging practice that promotes Sculpture (at Richard Deutsch’s Echo). grassroots creative action to catalyze Photo by Lisa Marie community and economic development, Thalhammer, 2016, courtesy of Arlington and which often involves artists. County.

Civic Imagining A type of public art practice that challenges people to imagine how their communities could be shaped by different visions, policies or public priorities.

Equity Arlington County's Equity Resolution (adopted September 21, 2019) defines equity as "all populations having access to community conditions and opportunities needed to reach their full potential and to experience optimal well-being."

12 Public Art Master Plan 13 INTRODUCTION

15 Public Art has been a valued asset of Arlington since 1979 when the County, a citizen activist, an artist, a developer, and the National Endowment for the Arts collaborated to create Dark Star Park (Nancy Holt, 1984), a seminal landscape artwork in Rosslyn. Since then, community support and peer recognition have validated the County’s investment in public art and the approaches the Public Art Program has followed in implementing projects.

• Residents have come to value public art • Arlington’s Economic Development for strengthening Arlington’s authenticity Commission recognizes arts and culture and identity. as “sustainable economic development assets that can aid in the attraction and • Arlington’s Business Improvement retention of businesses and workforce.”1 Districts, Partnership organizations and developers consider public art • Seven artworks in the County’s collection an essential tool for placemaking have won recognition from the Americans and creating communities that are for the Arts Public Art Network, Year inviting places to live, work and visit. in Review. Projects have also received recognition from the International Downtown Association, the American Council of Engineering Companies and the American Society of Landscape Architects.

Dark Star Park Day shadow alignment. Photo courtesy of Elman Studio.

16 Public Art Master Plan 17 This update of Arlington’s Public Art Master Plan comes at a critical juncture, with new opportunities and challenges that are related to changes in not only County policies and priorities but also the field of public art.

Since the County’s Public Art Policy and PAMP were approved in the early 2000s, the County has adopted numerous plans that suggest new opportunities for collaborations between County agencies, private developers and the Public Art Program. These include an updated Public Spaces Master Plan (PSMP), Enriching Lives: Arlington Arts and Culture Strategy, several new or updated sector and area plans that emphasize new public spaces, and new or updated plans for historic preservation, energy and natural resources. County priorities for affordable housing, transit-oriented development, sustainability and equity provide powerful new contexts for public art. However, these priorities, coupled with the need for investment in schools and the Metrorail system, are creating difficult choices for limited public resources. Finally, new approaches to public art practice — creative placemaking, social practice and civic imagining — have emerged. These suggest opportunities for new ways that public art can support the County’s planning, economic development and placemaking goals.

Change Begins Inside, David de la Mano, 2019. Photo courtesy of the artist.

18 Public Art Master Plan 19 HOW THIS PLAN HOW THIS PLAN WAS DEVELOPED RELATES TO OTHER Community engagement and collaboration were important components of this master plan update, just as they are to the process of creating COUNTY PLANS any public art project. The process included a variety of activities This PAMP works hand in hand with other County planning initiatives. designed to achieve all levels of the County’s public engagement Its recommendations reflect recommendations about public art, public framework: communicate, consult, involve and collaborate. spaces and County facilities and infrastructure that can be found in existing approved County plans. Future plans will take into account the Research Engagement recommendations of the PAMP. The research phase included an assessment The engagement process for the plan of the Program’s Projects Plans and included internal and external stakeholder deliverables, a review of County plans that outreach, through a variety of activities Comprehensive Plan Public Spaces have been completed or launched since beyond traditional public meetings: Arlington County’s Comprehensive Plan Master Plan (PSMP) 2004, a review of private development guides the coordinated development of the patterns and projections, and a scan of • Consult and collaborate with an internal The PSMP provides strategies for the full County. It includes eleven elements that breadth of the County’s public space system, peer public art programs in the region. stakeholder group, which convened to touch on a range of community needs, such review the overall planning process and including parks, trails, urban spaces and as open space, land use, transportation and natural resources. The most recent update key milestone drafts of the PAMP. This water resources. The PAMP is a sub-element group included representatives from was approved in April, 2019. The PSMP of the Public Spaces Master Plan (PSMP), and the PAMP share an interest in involving County departments with whom the and as such it will be consulted as future program frequently collaborates; artists in the design and programming of planning efforts are undertaken and as the these public spaces, particularly new urban County makes investments in facilities and • Consult with an external stakeholder spaces, and to the extent possible policy infrastructure, within the consideration of group (the Public Art Committee), recommendations are coordinated between other County priorities and plans. which was engaged at key milestones the plans. throughout the process; • Involve internal and external stakeholders Sector Plans, Area Plans through interviews, beyond respective representative group members. and Zoning Overlays Sector, area and other plans, along with • Involve and consult with the public through certain zoning overlays, such as form-based a County-wide public questionnaire that codes, provide specific direction for generated 495 responses; particular areas of the County. The PAMP • Communicate with and involve the cross-references these plans, with a focus on community through artist-led community recommendations for public spaces, public engagement activities — County Wandering facilities and public art. walking tours (Graham Coreil-Allen, 2017) and HOME @Arlington bookmaking project

HOME @ Arlington, Sushmita Mazumdar, 2017. (Sushmita Mazumdar, 2017) ­— and PSMP Photo courtesy of the artist. public meetings and open door sessions. Arlington County Comprehensive Plan elements. Graphic courtesy of Arlington County.

20 Public Art Master Plan 21 HOW THIS PLAN CONCLUSION The County’s current priorities are ambitious — sustainability, transit- IS IMPLEMENTED oriented development, housing affordability and equity. Its current initiatives are comprehensive — expanding its public realm; strengthening This PAMP update works within the context of several related its multi-modal transportation network; incorporating sustainable documents that establish the County’s Public Art Program and approaches to managing environmental, energy and waste resources; and guide its implementation. The Public Art Policy and Guidelines provide embracing the opportunities related to major new economic development. overall governance, the Public Art Master Plan and Implementation Guide establish priorities and programmatic direction, and the Annual This PAMP update sets the stage for public art to be an important tool Projects Plan outlines the actual activities the Program will undertake. that can help the County move forward in these directions. It offers strategies for making creativity a part of the way the County operates Public Art Policy Public Art Master Plan — engaging people in civic dialogue, helping the County explore new visions, creating public spaces and public facilities of lasting distinction, Arlington's Public Art Policy, adopted by The PAMP provides direction for the the County Board in 2000, establishes Program's resources. It considers the enlivening public spaces and maximizing people’s access to public art principles and goals for public art in Arlington, County's current priorities and the interests and programs that draw on the County’s Public Art Collection to support including site selection, artist selection, of communities to establish general community life. community involvement, funding and directions, program areas and priorities. collection management. It authorizes the Arlington Commission for the Arts and Public Art Program staff to develop detailed Public Art Master Plan Town Square in Green guidelines for implementing the Policy. Valley, concept drawing, Implementation Guide Walter Hood. Graphic courtesy of the artist. The Public Art Master Plan Implementation Public Art Program Guide is a working document that outlines how the priorities outlined in the PAMP can Guidelines be translated into actions through The Public Art Program Guidelines, collaboration with County agencies, developed by the Commission and the partnership organizations, communities and Public Art Program staff and approved by developsers and through other planning the County Manager in 2015, establish processes. It also outlines the major actions procedures for implementing the Policy and for implementing the PAMP. The guide will outline the responsibilities of the be finalized and approved after the adoption Commission, staff and a Public Art of the PAMP. Committee. The Guidelines cover processes for developing an inventory of existing and approved public art, developing and Public Art Projects Plan updating the Public Art Master Plan, and Each year, the Public Art Committee reviewing and recommending the selection presents an annual public art Projects Plan of artists and the placement of specific to the County Manager for review and public art projects, Site Plan projects, and approval. This plan outlines the projects community-initiated projects. that staff will be working on, as well as programming and maintenance.

22 Public Art Master Plan 23 ARLINGTON’S PUBLIC ART VISION

25 VISION Arlington’s public realm will be distinctive and engaging because it has embraced artistic thinking and excellence in the imagination, design and activation of public spaces and facilities.

Sketch of Bike Oasis, courtesy of Butch Anthony

Wave Arbor, Doug Hollis, 2011. Photo by Jesse Snyder.

26 Public Art Master Plan 27 VALUES 04 06 EQUITY QUALITY Public art projects and Public art is both a reflection Arlington’s Public Art Program programs can support the of the community’s highest embraces the following values: goal that everyone should aspirations and a long-term have an opportunity to investment in the civic participate in, benefit from landscape. Therefore, it is 01 03 and contribute to the paramount to work at the cultural, economic and highest levels of quality. LONG VIEW ENGAGEMENT social resources of the Quality begins with the conceptualization community. and contextualizing of projects. This Successful public art A public art collection involves the careful framing of project goals, projects often require a long is a living resource One of the foundational ideas about public rigorous artist selection processes, and art is that it should be available to all, resources for artists to engage thoughtfully view and engagement with to the community without barriers to access. Over time, this with sites, communities and Arlington processes that play out over where it is located. has evolved to mean that public art can be a at large. vehicle through which people can access the extended periods of time, Engagement is important to ensure that broader cultural and economic benefits of Quality extends to the execution of projects. through multiple projects people have a deep and lasting connection the community. This means setting budgets to provide to artworks. For this t0 happen, engagement in multiple locations. for materials, fabrication methods and should be considered not only when a installation standards that reflect the public art project is being developed but 05 importance of building in the civic landscape 02 also after it is completed. and the need for longevity and durability. Public artists often consider engagement to PUBLIC ART PRACTICE Arlington’s Program has set high standards COLLABORATION be an integral part of their practice, as much for quality. At the time this plan was adopted, as the artistic outcome itself, and should be Public art is a unique seven of its projects had been recognized While artistic exploration encouraged to develop their own approaches endeavor, pursued by nationally by the Americans for the Arts, often prioritizes the under the guidance of the Public Art Public Art Network, Year in Review, and ten Program. people who are devoting visionary insights and voice themselves to public art projects had been honored in the Design of an artist, public art is After a project is completed, the following Arlington Awards. Three projects have been strategies come into play: make it easier for as a profession. supported by highly competitive grants from a collaborative endeavor. people to access information about projects, Public art practice is a process of creative the National Endowment for the Arts. Successful public art projects require create new opportunities to experience yet deliberate inquiry in which artists bring the collaboration of public agencies, artwork through ongoing programming, and their unique insights and talents into the communities, project designers and other provide support for community- or artist- broader, public dialogue and experience stakeholders. They require processes that are generated initiatives that offer fresh of urbanism and civic life. Public artists open and supportive of the participation of interpretations and activation of the Public consider how their projects stimulate multiple stakeholders, and that are aimed not Art Collection. individual creative agency, through the way only at shaping a project but also fostering people are engaged in developing projects, long-run engagement and investment with the way that people experience projects and the artwork, the place where the artwork is the way that projects are activated through located and the community at large. subsequent programming.

28 Public Art Master Plan 29 GUIDING 05 07 Developers will be Public art projects encouraged to contribute will have partners and PRINCIPLES to pooled funds to fund adequate funding. County-initiated public Successful public art projects are collaborative 01 03 art projects. efforts that begin with a commitment to delivering extraordinary civic design in a Public art will be a tool Public art will be integrated Arlington’s long-range planning processes complicated design, decision-making and take a cohesive view of how public and private funding environment. Public art often plays for placemaking — creating into architecture, landscape investment together shape a meaningful public a bridging role among the work of architects, meaningful connections design and infrastructure realm. Sometimes, the best use of developer landscape architects, urban designers, between people and places projects. public art contributions is to support public planners and other professionals who art projects off-site, in conjunction with public shape the public realm. important to civic life. Public art can enhance the appearance of spaces and infrastructure in the vicinity of Public art projects can do more than simply everyday infrastructure and capital projects – their projects. Successful projects also require adequate make public spaces and infrastructure more a present-day take on artistic traditions such funding to support collaborative design and beautiful. Public art can also make places more as Art Nouveau design, the Arts and Crafts engagement processes, build with quality distinct and memorable, thereby strengthening movement, the City Beautiful movement, 06 and durable materials, ensure ongoing people’s attachment to the civic landscape, and Works Progress Administration-era engagement with audiences, and provide through the creation of artworks that are public works design. Public art will draw on for the conservation of the collection. unique to each site. Arlington’s diverse historic, 04 environmental and cultural 08 02 resources. The groundwork for future Public art can create a sense of place by Public art will be accessible, Public art will be located in public art projects will uncovering hidden layers of meaning. It engaging and enriching. places that a wide range of be established in County can connect to a deeper understanding of Public art can be an ongoing part of people are likely to encounter planning initiatives. what Arlington is all about. And sometimes community life. Public art can be made it can elevate voices that are not normally accessible to people through strategies in their everyday lives. Careful planning, strong collaborations heard in civic processes. that engage them with the process of Public art can be part of the broader visual and persistent advocacy are necessary to creating artworks as well as with the environment of buildings, landscapes and implement a clearly shared vision, which is artworks that are completed. This infrastructure that people experience as they a foundation for keeping public art projects engagement can be seen as a means of move about Arlington and as they gather for on track for the many years it takes associated helping people develop their own civic and community activities. County capital projects to move through creative voices. planning, funding, design and construction.

30 Public Art Master Plan 31 GOALS GOALS 01 / Integrate This master plan update emphasizes Integrate public art in County four goals for making public art a facilities and infrastructure as valuable resource to Arlington. a means of advancing excellence 01 03 in civic and urban design. INTEGRATE EXPAND Integrate public art Develop new approaches to Consider public art as a core component of County facility with County facilities public art that reflect new and infrastructure projects that serve as gathering places, and infrastructure. opportunities and changes in both urban corridors and neighborhoods. in the public art field. • Consider public art opportunities in new • Develop guidelines for PFRC capital projects at the earliest planning consideration of public art. 02 stages, when County departments 04 formulate program and budget requests • Systematize public art procurement for inclusion in the Capital Improvement in design-build and public-private CONNECT partnership projects. ENGAGE Plan (CIP), so that public art integration Coordinate art projects can be considered in the project budget. • Improve strategies for incorporating with long-term urban Continually engage people • Engage Public Art Program staff with the public art into major transportation design and planning with the current Collection Public Facilities Review Committee infrastructure systems — premium transit corridors, complete streets, initiatives. and new projects. (PFRC) process and include a representative of the Public Art Arlington Transit (ART) bus shelters Committee as a “project specific member” and Metrorail entrances. in PFRC meetings for projects that will include public art.

32 Public Art Master Plan 33 GOALS Pursue opportunities Collaborate as a regular to commission artworks partner on research, 02 / Connect at gateway locations. planning and implementation of public art related to County Coordinate public art proactively Connect site plan-initiated urban design goals and plans. public art to urban design with long-term urban design and strategies. Strengthen public art • Involve Program staff more closely in the planning in areas of the public realm initiatives that are review of public art strategies incorporated County where site plan in Site Plans. projects are expected identified in County plans and • Encourage developer contributions for (for example, Clarendon’s public art projects that support urban West End and southwest design recommendations in adopted plans. implemented through both public Ballston), so that there • Explore further collaborative projects, are clear recommendations and private investment. similar to the Ballston Quarter Pedestrian Bridge (studioTECHNE). for use of developer contributions for public art. Integrate public art into • Continue integration of public art into Include Program staff in all the design of pedestrian Columbia Pike public spaces identified Comprehensive Planning in the Columbia Pike commercial and processes and studies, such corridors and public spaces, neighborhood form-based codes. whether built by the County as area and sector plans, • Establish coordinated public art Phased Development Site or developers. strategies for public spaces identified in the Rosslyn Sector Plan, Crystal Plans, General Land Use • Integrate public art into improvements City Sector Plan and the Clarendon Planning (GLUP) studies to the Meade Street Bridge as the third Sector Plan update. and final phase of Corridor of Light (Cliff and Comprehensive Plan Garten) in Rosslyn, which, when element updates. complete, will result in artwork marking three major entryways into Arlington.

34 Public Art Master Plan 35 GOALS Expand involvement Collaborate with of artists in planning partnering organizations. 03 / Expand processes, particularly • Encourage and provide support for upcoming plans for partnering organizations to follow environmental and best practices in the public art projects Embrace new directions in public they develop. infrastructure systems. • Provide technical support and art by pursuing temporary art, • Encourage artist involvement in consider financial support for future planning processes with partnering projects that follow the artist residencies and other non- County departments. County-initiated projects process. • Establish clear goals for artist • Include partnering organization permanent public art strategies engagement in planning processes; representatives on artist selection consider how artists can assist panels for County-initiated projects with public engagement and spark in their service areas. to meet the goals of the County, civic imagination. • Collaborate with partnering partners and communities. organization leadership to leverage Present major periodic broader partnerships and funding. temporary public art exhibitions in a significant Support neighborhood- public space, to strengthen scale projects. Arlington’s regional • Create guidelines that assist partnering visibility in arts and cultural organizations in determining which programming and to projects are appropriate candidates for public art, for integrating public support its efforts to art into design processes and for activate urban public identifying funding mechanisms for spaces. these projects. Serve as a resource to County efforts to streamline the process of permitting temporary spaces and activities on both public and private lands.

CO2LED, Jack Sanders, Robert Gay and Butch Anthony, 2007; with Dark Star Park, Nancy Holt, 1984. Photo by Robert Gay.

36 Public Art Master Plan 37 GOALS 04 / Engage Activate the County’s Public Art Collection as a living resource that engages residents, workers and visitors on a day-to-day basis.

Align the County’s public Include resources art vision and mission with for ongoing collection Enriching Lives: Arlington maintenance, activation, Arts and Culture Strategy. interpretation, education and evaluation in the Ensure that all four levels Program budget of the County’s public engagement framework – Develop audience communicate, consult, engagement as a specific involve and collaborate – and ongoing focus area are followed as appropriate for the Program. in the commissioning of new public art projects. Develop appropriate approaches to evaluating public art and creative placemaking projects.

Arlington Art Truck. Photo by Elman Studio.

38 Public Art Master Plan 39 CONTEXT FOR PUBLIC ART

4141 The history of public art is a history of the intentional engagement of artists with the processes that shape the form and activity of public spaces. In the past decade, in Arlington and throughout the U.S., there has been an expanded interest in how artists can engage cities. More and more public and private entities are embracing public art as part of their mission and strategies. At the same time, the types of artists working in the public realm, the artworks they create and their visions for transforming communities have been diversifying greatly. This expanded role for public art in cities can serve as an inspiration for Arlington. In the future, the Public Art Program can play a vigorous role in shaping the diverse and lively urbanism that is part of Arlington’s vision for its future, while building on the record of accomplishment that makes the County a model for others throughout the region and the country. This section covers the following topics:

Flow, Erwin Redl, 2006. Photo by Hoachlander Davis Photography.

42 Public Art Master Plan 43 The Environment for Public Art in Arlington

Opportunities Challenges In the past decade, there has been a new public interest in public art, new Since the previous PAMP was approved, there have been several expectations for design excellence, and new opportunities for partnerships: conditions that have made the operating environment for public art more challenging: • Arlington Cultural Affairs and the Public • The County has created a Public Facilities Art Program were shifted from the Review Committee (PFRC) and Principles • County priorities for public investment are overhead. This funding structure leverages Department of Parks and Recreation of Civic Design framework that guide the shifting, with schools, housing affordability multiple sources and has enabled Arlington (DPR) to Arlington Economic design of County facilities and schools. and regional transit requiring a larger to undertake a remarkable variety of Development (AED) in 2011. While the • DES / Transportation is in the process of allocation of resources. permanent and temporary projects, and Program continues to benefit from its to enter into partnerships with County strong relationship to DPR through the reinventing and/or expanding the County’s • There are additional requirements for main transportation infrastructure — agencies, arts organizations, BIDs and Public Spaces Master Plan (PSMP) and its public construction, such as the Green similar organizations with maximum patronage of public art projects, it also boulevards, Arlington Transit (ART) Building Policy, that constrain budgets buses and shelters, and Metrorail station flexibility. However, neither source has benefits from its closer connection to for capital projects. been a predictable or reliable source of the County’s economic development entries. • The County is exploring alternative means project funding from year to year. strategies and private development • There are more external partnerships projects. of procurement for public facilities, such • The COVID-19 pandemic became a key (business improvement districts and as design-build, construction-manager-at- similar organizations) operating in focus of County government as this plan • The Arlington Commission for the Arts risk and public–private partnerships. This was being finalized, and its long-term has completed Enriching Lives: Arlington Arlington, and they have an increased requires the reconsideration of certain interest in public art. impacts on County finances, public spaces Arts and Culture Strategy, a strategic aspects of the management of public and public engagement are hard to predict. framework that emphasizes a strong role • Interest in the public art practice art projects. for arts and culture activities, including of “creative placemaking” has taken public art, in creating a positive climate • The time-frame for completing significant root among some of Arlington’s BIDs, civic design projects can be lengthy, which in Arlington for business attraction and Partnership organizations, developers residential retention.3 can make it challenging to sustain interest and public agencies. and funding commitments for public art. • The Department of Community Planning, • New discourse about equity and access Housing and Development (DCPHD) • Public art funding is primarily based on a has enriched the understanding of how combination of capital improvement funds Planning Division has created an urban the Public Art Collection can be a design unit, which is an additional and developer contributions, as well as resource that supports the cultural life general fund support for Program staff and resource to the Program in developing of everyone in the community. long-term strategies for public art that are related to the enhancement of • The County's acceptance into the Arlington’s public realm through International Biophilic Cities Network high-quality urban design. in 2020 provides all County departments and the private sector with an opportunity • The County has adopted several updated to consider public art as a means sector, area and other plans that indicate of expressing our vital connection further opportunities for public art related with natural systems. to urban design and public space strategies.

44 Public Art Master Plan 45 Mas Pez, Jeff Huntington, Juan Pineda, Cita Sadeli “Chelove,” Thomas Pipkin, Mural 23. Photo courtesy New Directions of National Landing BID. in Public Art Practice Over the past decade, throughout the country, there has been a vigorous expansion of interest in public art, which has inspired an evolution in the practice of public art. This is related, in part, to the overall revival of interest in cities and urban life. These new directions have influenced the expectations of the public, the interests of artists and the priorities for external funding that may be available to the County. Several trends in public art are particularly relevant to Arlington.

THE FIELD OF PUBLIC ART IS RAPIDLY AT THE SAME TIME, THE FIELD EXPANDING: IS EXPERIENCING NEW CHALLENGES: • There has been increased interest in • There has been a fresh questioning of Intermediary organizations, such as the arts and culture strategies as a means the role artists play in urban and public New Sponsors of Public Art American Planning Association, the City to achieving community development, projects, and how to curate and assess Since the late 1950s, public art has tended Parks Alliance, the Local Initiatives Support economic development and equity goals. the quality of their work. In general, the to be the responsibility of local government Corporation, Smart Growth America and These are often called Creative pace of public art opportunities might agencies whose role is to commission Transportation for America are creating Placemaking, Social Practice and Civic be outstripping the capacity of artists and artworks in public spaces and in relation new professional networks for public art Practice. arts organizations to respond to them, to the construction of public facilities and creative placemaking and providing particularly in regard to artists' ability to and infrastructure. These agencies have resources and technical assistance for • Artists, curators, arts organizations and work in public space, and the ability of tended to have staff, financial and political project development and evaluation. Notable place-based organizations are exploring project sponsors to access and follow resources that enable them to manage among these is ArtPlace America, a funder a wider variety of approaches to bringing best practices for community complex projects in the public realm. that has also developed extensive research public art to public spaces. engagement and project management. This is the paradigm in which Arlington’s on the relationship between arts, culture, Public Art Program was created. infrastructure and community development. • There has been an increase in the type • There has been a reduction in funding and number of organizations that are available from local government sources. In recent years, a variety of other types This trend is taking hold in Arlington, albeit taking on public art projects as part of organizations have embraced public art slowly. The three Business Improvement of their core activities. as a programmatic area key to their mission. Districts (Rosslyn, Ballston, National Landing) have begun to sponsor public art • There has been an increase in the number These include place-based organizations and creative placemaking initiatives on and types of higher education degree like business improvement districts, park their own, sometimes working with outside programs related to public art and public conservancies and community development curators and sometimes working in art curating. corporations; as well as broader-based arts and educational organizations such as collaboration with the Program. The • There has been an increase in national universities, art museums, historic homes Arlington Arts Center has periodically funding available from the National and gardens and interdisciplinary arts produced or collaborated on public art Endowment for the Arts and non- festivals. Even some private development projects, but largely with a focus on the governmental philanthropic sources. companies have created their own in-house public spaces immediately surrounding its public art and placemaking teams. facility in Maury Park. Local universities, such as George Mason (Arlington Campus), Marymount and Virginia Tech (Arlington Campus), have yet to embrace this trend.

46 Public Art Master Plan 47 Scott Pennington, Art on the Art Bus. Photo courtesy of Arlington County.

Arlington’s Program has its roots in Temporary Artworks temporary artworks as well, having Marc Pelaka, Arlington Abstracted (Parking The traditional paradigm for public art was presented site-specific temporary Day, 2019). Proposal commissions starting in 1987 and then rendering courtesy aimed at producing permanent artworks, such of the artist. as sculptures or two-dimensional artworks continuing until now through a variety to an end, without cultivating an authentic including murals, reliefs or enhancements for of initiatives. Since the 2004 PAMP was Creative Placemaking artistic practice, and that projects often building surfaces. Temporary artworks also completed, temporary commissions have branched out into mixed-media The emerging practice of creative trigger (unintentionally, perhaps) economic have a long, but narrower tradition; important change and ultimately displacement in cities. independent arts organizations such as New collaborations that have involved dance placemaking has taken the fields of public and performance.4 art and community revitalization by storm Recent approaches by national funders have York City’s Public Art Fund and Creative Time have been producing temporary projects for in the last decade. addressed these concerns, and can provide Most of these have been smaller-scale several decades. direction for how Arlington can adapt projects located in parks or public buildings; Creative placemaking is a widely dispersed creative placemaking practices to achieve Over the past decade there has been growing several projects have been placed in gateway movement, involving both countless its goals. interest in temporary artworks, or artworks locations in Rosslyn (for example, Bike Oasis, grassroots efforts as well as top-down CO LED and Grassman (John Antone, 1993). In Arlington, creative placemaking has that are up for only a limited amount of time, � structures for defining, developing, funding The Program has collaborated with Planning and evaluating projects created by the been embraced by a variety of entities that particularly site-specific commissions. There see it as a tool for engaging artists to are a variety of reasons for the interest in Division staff on Courthouse 2.0, a public National Endowment for the Arts, art initiative aimed at sparking public independent funders such as ArtPlace advance the goal of enabling a lively temporary artworks, one of which is that they pedestrian realm. For them, a persistent allow for more experimentation in regard conversation about the future Courthouse America and national intermediaries Square by exploring the interaction between such as Springboard for the Arts. Creative challenge in Arlington has been County to artistic approaches, themes and locations. codes, policies and practices that make That, in turn, allows more artists and more civic space and civic life in Arlington in the placemaking embraces "pop-up" projects twenty-first century. and tactical urbanism, among other it difficult to experiment as freely as they communities to connect with public art. approaches. would like in the public right of way with Additionally, because these projects are only placemaking projects. up for a short period of time and tend to Some of the common critiques of the be experimental, they can attract media creative placemaking movement are that attention and additional visitors. Lastly, projects often cast the artist’s role as a means they are generally less expensive.

48 Public Art Master Plan 49 Social Practice Civic Imagining Another type of specialized public art practice, The process of civic imagining inverts called social practice, has also evolved conventional public art thinking. Rather considerably in the last decade. Social practice than drawing on the metaphor of a city as art is generally defined as projects that focus an outdoor gallery, or a canvas for artistic more on processes of engagement with embellishment, civic imaging asks, “What communities for the purposes of generating if artists were cast in the role of imagining social awareness, engagement or change rather creative solutions to the problems of urban than on purely physical or visual outcomes. settings?”5 This approach contrasts with Seminal projects in the U.S. range from Project the use of public art as beautification or Row Houses (Rick Lowe, ongoing), which spectacle, instead focusing on how public has evolved into a decades-long community art can be intertwined with the function, revitalization project in Houston, to the understanding and re-imagination of city University Avenue Project (Wing Young Huie, infrastructure and systems. 2010) an artist-instigated social-cultural investigation in Saint Paul, Minnesota, “Civic imagining” projects borrow from the that relied on participatory photography. traditions of design charrettes or competitions common in other design fields, offering Social practice public art is taking root in critiques of and visions for urban development. Arlington. The Program, in collaboration They engage the public in visionary exercises with the County’s Historic Preservation that transcend the boundaries of public Program and Arlington’s Center for Local engagement that is conventionally practiced History, has created a multi-year residency in planning processes. for printmaker Amos Kennedy to explore “Civic imagining” projects come in many this history of the desegregation of Visiting Artist Amos Kennedy at the guises. One of the best known projects is called Feel the Heritage Festival. Stratford Junior High School and lunch Evaluation Photo courtesy of Arlington County. counter sit-ins. PARK(ing) Day (Rebar Group, 2005), which started when a group of artists took over a Evaluative processes are increasingly Earlier projects like County Wandering metered parking space in San Francisco for common in public art administration. (Graham Coreil-Allen, 2017) and Put the “I” two hours and turned it into a public green Broadly, one type of evaluation focuses into C­_vic (Linda Hesh, 2016) arguably space, questioning the predominance of on the processes of developing projects, borrow from social practice thinking in that auto-oriented spaces in cities. PARK(ing) and another type of project focuses on the they involve processes of engagement and Day has become a worldwide event and impacts of public art on audiences, places are intended to provoke new ideas on the resulted in policy changes in dozens of and economic development. subject of place and civic engagement, cities. Arlington has participated for several In Arlington, the Program has collaborated respectively. years, with six projects featured in 2017, with Virginia Tech and Americans for sponsored by County agencies, community the Arts on pilot evaluation processes. and civic groups, and design firms. The findings from this process have Another such project, Beachfront Potential informed recommendations in this plan (Patrick McDonough, 2014), part of the “Public about collaborative and integrated public Displays of Innovation” program sponsored by art projects, as well as the ways that artists the Ballston Business Improvement District, are asked to develop their projects. asked viewers to imagine the day when global warming would raise the Potomac River level to the point when Ballston apartment and office towers became waterfront property.

50 Public Art Master Plan 51 General Policy Trends in Arlington County

Fiscal, Development and and operating support for the Washington Economic Development Other Approved Plans and Metropolitan Transportation Authority Infrastructure Climate (WMATA) (to address disinvestment) Climate Poilicies In recent years, the County has experienced and Arlington Public Schools (to address The nature of the County’s economy PUBLIC SPACES MASTER PLAN demographic trends). A third issue is is changing, as well. For decades, overall growth in population and The Public Art Master Plan (PAMP) is a rising housing costs, which has led to an Arlington’s economy has been dependent employment of about one percent a year, a component of the County’s Public Spaces exploration of public and private strategies on government offices (defense, national pace that had been expected to continue for Master Plan (PSMP), an update of which 6 for providing affordable housing. security, sciences) and related contractors the next two decades (though that forecast was approved in April, 2019. One of the and consultants. As that segment of the will likely improve with major new corporate important new focuses of the PSMP update As a result, compared to the era when the economy is declining, Arlington is building headquarters locating in Arlington). New is privately-owned public spaces, such as Public Art Program got its start, County a more broad-based innovation, technology residential and commercial development has urban plazas. The PSMP and the PAMP share operational and capital budgets are facing and corporate sector. Compared to a decade been concentrated along the County’s two an interest in involving artists in the design new demands and new priorities have ago, it has an expanded university presence Metro corridors, as well as Columbia Pike. and programming of these public spaces, emerged in negotiations with developers. and a range of business development particularly new urban spaces. Beneath that positive long-term outlook, This has led to adverse pressure on the strategies and networks that are seeking the County has been experiencing new Program’s main revenue streams. to stimulate investment in a broader variety SECTOR AND AREA PLANS pressures on its fiscal environment. First, of cyber, media and research sectors. Recent Arlington has also moved aggressively to Since the last PAMP was completed, the it is experiencing historically high office decisions by several corporations to locate address the impacts of the COVID-19 Clarendon, Crystal City and Rosslyn sector building vacancy rates, which depress its their headquarters in Arlington are signs of pandemic, which has been a critical County plans were updated, a new vision was commercial tax collections and pressures its the County’s continued vibrancy. residential tax collections. This trend, which priority as this plan was being completed. It is developed for the Courthouse area, an area has been occurring for about a decade, is a possible that the pandemic will have long- In addition, the County recognizes it is plan was completed for East Falls Church, result of reductions in federal government ranging impacts on County finances, the use competing in a more broadly competitive and new plans were developed for the leasing due to its Base Realignment and of public spaces, and how public engagement environment, and community amenities neighborhoods adjacent to Columbia Pike Closure process (BRAC), sequestration takes place. will be critical to its success in attracting and for Four Mile Run Valley. These all and relocations, competition from newer and retaining businesses and residents. The include urban design and public space buildings in Fairfax accessible via Metrorail’s County’s economic development strategic initiatives that will lay the foundation for Silver Line, a general trend towards the plan states as one of its five major goals: opportunities for comprehensive public reduction of space needed for office art approaches, which are referenced in workers, and the obsolescence of Arlington’s Arlington will enjoy high quality places that the Program's implementation guide. office building stock. Second, the County is ensure an exceptional quality of life and Also, it is anticipated that during the next facing fiscal pressure for capital investment offer amenities that are valued by residents, businesses and visitors.7 few years the County will undertake several other plans and updates. In 2019, the And it outlines the following strategic initiative: County launched a plan for the Lee Highway corridor from Rosslyn to East Falls Church, Community arts and culture are sustainable which will build on a 2016 vision study. The economic development assets that can aid in County Board adopted an updated the attraction and retention of businesses and Community Energy Plan in 2019, and the workforce. ... public art that reinforces a County is embarking on updates to the sense of place and defines community Urban Forest Master Plan and Natural identity should be encouraged.8 Resources Management Plan.

52 Public Art Master Plan 53 BIOPHILIC CITIES INITIATIVES • Educational opportunities for the The Arts Commission’s strategic plan, In 2020, as this plan was being completed, community, including residents and Equity Enriching Lives, predates this resolution the County was accepted into the development stakeholders, about the The idea of equity — broadly meaning that but also takes up themes of inclusion, international Biophilic Cities Network, benefits of biophilic principles to further everyone should have an opportunity to engagement and personal growth, in regard which is dedicated to improving the the presence of nature in our buildings, participate in, benefit from and contribute to participation in arts and culture activities. connection between residents and urban facilities, homes and public spaces; to the cultural, economic and social resources It focuses on strengthening access to arts nature. Arlington will apply biophilic of the community — has become a priority resources for people and cultural • Expanded natural elements within principles to its current and future policies issue for Arlington. organizations, particularly those from Arlington’s built environments, as well as and practices. The principles will not only communities that have been under- conservation of our natural resources; influence public space projects in parkland The County’s vision statement begins: resourced in the past. It specifically references supporting arts and culture and the right-of-way but also private • Creation of publicly accessible urban “Arlington will be a diverse and inclusive to create engagement opportunities that development. Arlington will track its nature projects; and world-class urban community with secure, reflect and involve Arlington’s diverse and progress using the following indicators: attractive residential and commercial • Equitable access to green spaces, parks immigrant populations, and the full neighborhoods where people unite to form a and other natural elements. spectrum of their creative expressions. • Expanded biophilic planning and design caring, learning, participating, sustainable principles throughout existing policies community in which each person is important.” and processes, such as comprehensive plan elements, sector plans, site plans, The County's Equity Resolution defines park master plans, and multimodal equity as: transportation plans and projects; “All populations having access to community conditions and opportunities needed to reach their full potential and to experience optimal well-being.”

The resolution further commits the County to:

“... [collaborate] on initiatives to address inequities in Arlington, establishing partnerships among the County Board, County staff, Arlington Public Schools, non-profits, businesses, neighboring jurisdictions, and new partners aimed at enhancing our effort and commitment to fostering equity.”

54 Public Art Master Plan 55 FOUR LENSES FINDINGS The paper found that: ON THE VALUE Just as the approaches to public art have evolved over the last century or more, the arguments for the value of public art have evolved as products of their OF PUBLIC ART time, as well. These arguments … can be distilled into four main categories …10 In 2012, the Public Art Program commissioned Four Lenses for Public art is an essential Public art generates Looking at the Value of Public Art in Arlington, a white paper on how element of placemaking economic benefits. communities assess the value of public art. The paper’s authors and civic design. Public art can help make a place more scanned research from the U.S. and abroad to understand how the Public art is part of the broader visual desirable for tourism, business location or impacts of public art have been documented and used these findings environment of buildings, landscapes and development; generate activity through events; to interpret Arlington’s Public Art Collection. The paper was drafted infrastructure. It can promote a sense of and support the broader creative economy. “as the starting point for a broader examination of the key roles that place, contribute to legibility or wayfinding, and generally support efforts for quality the public art program can play in the cultural, economic and social civic design. Public art provides a life of Arlington in the future, and for a discussion about the directions path towards individual the program might take in the coming years.”9 enrichment. Public art promotes Public art provides people with access community connectedness. to art experiences that they might not The Poet is In, Courthouse Square Public art projects, and the processes otherwise have in the course of their daily 2.0. Photo by Elman by which they are created, can heighten lives. These experiences can enrich us Studio. social and cultural awareness, strengthen as individuals, enable us to enjoy our community bonds, give voice to marginalized surroundings, sharpen our outlook on communities, and build a path to constructive the world, and help us participate more civic participation. fully as members of our communities.

56 Public Art Master Plan 57 ARLINGTON ARTS Strategies • EMBED: Incorporate the varied and essential civic benefits of arts and culture by considering and including AND CULTURE these benefits in all relevant County plans and studies STRATEGY • RISKY BUSINESS: Value and reward risk-taking for innovative and impactful In 2017, Arlington’s Commission for the Arts, the parent commission achievements across the artistic and for the Public Art Program, completed Enriching Lives: Arlington Arts and cultural community Culture Strategy.11 This strategic vision emphasizes a strong role for arts • CROSS-POLLINATE: Encourage partnership and cultural activities, including public art, in creating a positive and collaboration across art forms, sectors and the community to grow climate in Arlington for business attraction, residential retention and and deliver strategic investments community development. Enriching Lives outlines a vision, values, goals in the arts and culture ecosystem and strategies that offer a useful context and framework for public art. It • PUBLIC PASSION: Create sustainable was adopted by the County Board in 2019. public will, desire and support for arts and culture

Values Goals • EVERYONE WINS: Deliver civic and publicly accessible spaces that generate economic, • Art has value in itself • INTEGRATE: Integrate arts and culture into environmental and social sustainability all aspects of civic and community life benefits for the community • Arts and culture are a strategic community resource • INVEST AND BUILD: Invest in a vibrant, • CIVIC FUN: Use artistic and cultural equitable, sustainable and evolving arts programming to activate public spaces • Arts and culture underpin economic and culture ecosystem development and sustainability • ART EVERYWHERE: Incorporate public • LEARN AND EXPLORE: Use arts and culture art in the design, planning and building to facilitate accessible and inclusive of the public realm opportunities for lifelong learning, health, Dia De Los Muertos, Robin Bell and Edgar Reyes, 2017, projections at Arlington Arts Center. discovery and creativity Photo by Elman Studio.

• SPOTLIGHT: Increase the visibility, awareness and prominence of artists and artistic and cultural organizations in Arlington

• TERROIR: Establish public spaces that offer opportunities for appreciating and interacting with arts and culture to enhance daily experience

Rosslyn Jazz Fest. Photo by Arlington County.

58 Public Art Master Plan 59 PUBLIC ART PROGRAM AREAS

61 Arlington’s Public Art Program has thrived because it has had a clear vision and the ability to work flexibly with many partners within County government and the broader community. Looking forward, the Program will continue with its vision and maintain its entrepreneurial approach, while prioritizing the following types of work:

Public Art and Civic Design Audience Engagement Shaping the design of the County’s public Connecting people with the existing Collection spaces, facilities and infrastructure through through documentation, programming and the artworks integrated into capital projects development of interactive tools for engaging with public art Special Projects Activating public spaces by initiating Developer Projects short-term public art installations; stirring Influencing the role that artists play in Arlington’s civic imagination by including shaping the architecture and public realm artists in planning processes and other design of private development projects civic inquiries Community-Initiated Projects Providing professional guidance to communities that raise funds for public art projects “the still point,” J.J. McCracken, 2013; 24-hour endurance performance interpreting Nancy Holt’s design for Dark Star Park Photo and artwork © J.J. McCracken 2018. Photo courtesy of CONNERSMITH.

62 Public Art Master Plan 63 PROGRAM AREA: Following this vision, the Program has been However, the Program has also run into able to propose visionary, large-scale projects challenges, particularly related to the that involve artists in the conceptualization continuity in County capital plans and the of infrastructure at the urban design scale, long time frame that is usually required to PUBLIC ART an ambition that has been accomplished by complete intensive capital projects. Public art very few public art programs. One of its projects require an overall commitment to signature accomplishments is Arlington design excellence; a consistent, predictable AND CIVIC DESIGN Boulevard, which includes lighting, process for developing public facilities; metalwork and custom-designed concrete and the ability to receive and maintain The County has emphasized the integration of public art into buildings, panels integrated into the design of bridges funding over the long time frame that it infrastructure, streetscapes and other public spaces and capital projects and retaining walls at the interchanges of takes the County to plan, design and build that it builds, with the vision of transforming the design of Arlington’s U.S. 50, Courthouse Road and 10th Street. capital projects. public realm. There is strong public sentiment that this approach should In Crystal City, the Program was able to incorporate artwork into the glass panels of remain a core focus of the Public Art Program. the Crystal City Potomac Yard Transitway (Connections).12

PUBLIC ART AND CIVIC DESIGN PROJECTS IN PUBLIC ART COLLECTION

Connections, Barbara Bernstein, 2016. Photo by Hoachlander Davis Photography.

64 Public Art Master Plan 65 • Consider public art opportunities in new GOALS capital projects at the earliest stage, when County departments are formulating • Monitor future County planning efforts, program and budget requests for such as the development and/ or revision consideration by the County Board, prior of comprehensive plan elements, General to the inclusion of projects in the CIP Land Use Plan studies and department, • Clarify how the standard public art sector and area plans: commissioning process relates to the ɑ Identify potential opportunities standard development process for for public art as early as possible, County facilities when County investments are being identified in planning processes • Engage Program staff with the PFRC, and include a Public Art Committee ɑ Familiarize lead planners with the representative in PFRC meetings for approach of the Program and identify projects that will include public art how the recommendations and priorities of the PAMP can be carried through in other County plans ɑ Introduce citizens involved in these planning efforts to the role that public art can play in helping to achieve the County’s planning visions

Untitled (Courthouse Plaza Etched Glass), Linn Meyers, 2012. Photo by Hoachlander Davis Photography.

Cultivus Loci: Suckahanna, Jann Rosen-Queralt, 2004. Photo courtesy of Arlington County

66 Public Art Master Plan 67 PROGRAM AREA: Temporary Installations Artist Residencies Temporary projects are defined as having a The Program will seek opportunities SPECIAL PROJECTS limited life span, which can be from a few to embed artists in County agencies, hours to several years. They can address a partnering organizations, arts organizations The 2004 PAMP established the potential for the Public Art sProgram to number of goals: promoting interest in or other entities that offer a productive “reserve time and financial resources for special projects that are not County policies and priorities (walking, environment for artists to research and bicycling, recycling, waste reduction, etc.), develop projects that foster civic visioning. 13 directly related to County capital projects or private development.” Since highlighting the unique character of each The expectation will be that the artist would then the Program has participated in numerous projects of this sort, most neighborhood, providing opportunities for create a public art project that is based notably collaborations such as Courthouse 2.0 and Echoes of Little Saigon local artists with a diverse range of practices on the exploration conducted during the to experiment and gain experience, and residency, and would engage with the (Kim A. O’Connell, 2016). Special projects have sometimes involved underscoring the catalytic role public art general public in presenting the work. collaboration with programming staff from Arlington Cultural Affairs. can play in transforming the identity of a place. This master plan update offers a focused The Program can implement this vision vision for special projects: They will focus on by organizing these projects on its own or Artist Engagement SIGNATURE COMMISSIONS civic initiatives that can stir people’s civic working through productive partnerships in Planning Processes The Program will seek locations and imagination or their “capacity to imagine with other County programs and agencies, The Program will support the involvement 14 resources for signature temporary public creative alternatives” for the future, partnering organizations, arts organizations of artists in County planning processes, as well as engage more County residents and other community groups. art installations on a periodic basis, potentially every other year. The installations including sector and area plans, infrastructure in civic dialogue. These projects could plans, Comprehensive Plan elements and become a more significant part of the will preferably be original commissions and located in areas of easy access and high public special studies. The Program, sponsoring Program’s portfolio, as the pace of capital agency and key stakeholders will collectively investment slows down. visibility. They will reflect on civic themes, such as innovation or sustainability, determine the best approach to artist discussed in this plan. involvement. Outcomes could include experimental place activation projects, such as

Put the “I” into C_vic, COLLABORATIVE PROJECTS Meeting Bowls (mmmm…, 2017) and Put the Linda Hesh, 2017. “I” into C_vic (Linda Hesh, 2016), which were Photo by Linda Hesh. The Program will support other part of the Courthouse 2.0 initiative. organizations, such as independent arts groups, partnering organizations and developers, in organizing temporary public art projects and exhibitions, as long as they Collaborative Urban follow the Program’s guidelines for artist Design Initiatives selection and project development. The Program will support and be involved In the past, the Program has supported with collaborative projects (County, temporary projects in Maury Park organized developers, partnering organizations) that in collaboration with the Arlington Arts implement County urban design visions. Center. Other projects have been focused on An example of this was the replacement place activation, but the Program will also of the Ballston Quarter Pedestrian Bridge. encourage projects that challenge the civic imagination and allow emerging regional artists to develop a public art practice. These could include rotating sculpture sites or mural walls.

68 Public Art Master Plan 69 Portable Works GOALS From time to time the Program has acquired, commissioned or exhibited portable works, • Consider both artistic and community/ primarily wall-hung works such as drawings, partnership goals in special projects paintings, photographs and prints. • Follow the County’s public art guidelines Most of these works are on display in in engaging artists in Special Projects the public spaces of the County offices, primarily at the Ellen M. Bozman • Clarify messaging about the Program’s role Government Center (2100 Clarendon in public art projects that are undertaken Boulevard), the Department of Human through partnerships Services (2100 Washington Boulevard) and Arlington Economic Development (1100 North Glebe Road).

The Program has acquired, commissioned or exhibited portable artworks in order to address specific situations, such as presenting art in buildings where integrated artworks are

not possible, exploring topics of interest to Blue Blossoms, Frank the Program for which other commissioning Hallam Day. approaches are not feasible, or documenting Bike Oasis, Butch projects that are in process, temporary or Anthony, 2006. completed. For example, when the Rosslyn Photos courtesy of Arlington County. Business Improvement District commissioned photographer Frank Day to create a series of photographs that it could use for temporary enhancement projects, the Program acquired prints of several of the photos for the Portable Works collection. They were originally exhibited at the Spectrum Theatre and are now installed at the Bozman Government Center in conference rooms.

The Program will continue to build and exhibit its Portable Works collection in this manner as these types of opportunities arise.

70 Public Art Master Plan 71 PROGRAM AREA: The Program has also developed robust The Program is well- web and social media platforms, which positioned to address are managed primarily by its project management staff. During the Public Art AUDIENCE this challenge Master Plan update process, the Program The Program has organized and supported used these tools aggressively, issuing weekly numerous events and activities aimed at posts on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter DEVELOPMENT enriching community life with public art. highlighting works from the Collection. Some of these have been related to County planning efforts, supporting all four levels AND ENGAGEMENT of the County’s community engagement GOALS framework. Some have been co-developed Arlington County has built a significant Public Art Collection, with with artists, community organizations and • Consider audience development and community leaders, reflecting the highest numerous artworks that are well-loved and considered as landmarks. evaluation an integral part of the level of collaborative engagement. However, public art cannot be regarded as a static resource; the Program Program's annual Projects Plan must work on an ongoing basis to activate the Collection as part • Cards Against Urbanity. The Program • Make it easier for people to access of the community’s ongoing cultural life. collaborated with GreaterPlaces.com and information about projects DoTank DC to “re-imagine” the “Cards The County's arts and culture strategy Because of changing technology and market Against Humanity” card game with a special • Create new opportunities to experience recognizes this challenge, calling for a forces, there is an increasing recognition game dedicated to Arlington. The project, artwork through ongoing programming broader reassessment of how the County’s that artistic and cultural programs and part of Courthouse 2.0, involved events • Encourage community-generated cultural enterprises engage with audiences: services need to be delivered in a way that at various locations throughout Arlington. matches audience’s evolving expectations. interpretation and activation of Whether community arts or professionally • Sculptural Yoga. The Program teamed the Collection curated programming, people expect unique with Lisa Marie Thalhammer, a local participatory experiences personalized to artist and certified yoga instructor, and their preferred times and locations.15 WithLoveDC to lead free classes at various locations with public art. The participants were led through postures, intentions and breathing movements Cloud, Ivo Bukvic, Aki that focused on the artworks. Ishida, community workshop, 2014. Photo © Jeff Goldberg / • Dark Star Park Day. The Program, ESTO, courtesy of artist. in collaboration with the Rosslyn BID, celebrates the morning of August 1, the anniversary of the day that William Henry Ross acquired the land that became Rosslyn, as the time when shadows created by the poles and spheres of the artwork align with shadow patterns on the ground.

72 Public Art Master Plan 73 PROGRAM AREA: Over the past decade, several important The Program has been somewhat successful integrated works have been completed, in guiding the artistic approaches or choices notably Naga (Lisa Scheer, 2010) in B. F. Saul that developer projects make. However, the Company’s development in Clarendon; Quill Program has been challenged in aggregating SITE PLAN / (Christian Moeller, 2014), commissioned by funds from developments having multiple Monday Properties in Rosslyn; and Dressed Up phases, or from multiple developers in and Pinned (Vivian Beer, 2016), commissioned one area. This has limited the scale and DEVELOPER PROJECTS by Schupp Companies for the Hyatt Place ambitiousness of projects and their impact hotel in Courthouse. However, the Pubilc on the public realm. Looking forward, this The County’s vision for public art projects initiated through the site plan Art Program faces greater challenges when could impact how public art funds are process calls for supporting the County’s goals of design excellence connecting developer projects to the aggregated for proposed projects like in public space. Since 2004, the County and developers have entered implementation of longer-term public art or Rosslyn Plaza Park and Courthouse Square. into more than 50 site plan agreements related to public art, resulting urban design strategies (for example, Cliff Garten’s Corridor of Light, which will mark either in new artworks or contributions to the Public Art Fund. three major entryways into Arlington along Site Plan Public Art Projects Rosslyn’s North Lynn Street corridor.) This master plan update reaffirms the PRIVATE DEVELOPER PROJECTS Developers who commission public art County’s commitment to encouraging IN PUBLIC ART COLLECTION say they have valued the opportunity developers to create permanent artworks to contribute to the quality of the of the highest artistic quality. In particular, public realm, particularly around their site plan-initiated public art will strengthen development sites; and that they have public spaces that are accessible to all, appreciated the expertise of the Program staff particularly public realm improvements and the Program’s flexibility in meeting identified in County-approved plans. Types project thresholds in ways that were of locations include publicly-accessible compatible with their design and outdoor plazas and pedestrian connections, construction schedules. Some have Metro station entrances, bus stop areas and expressed concern that the public art streetscapes. Another option is to integrate contributions they agree to make under art projects into facades, building lighting, site plan conditions cannot be used seating and other features so that they for signage, branding or temporary contribute to the pedestrian experience. placemaking elements. Alternatively, developers who wish to support public art as part of their site Anna and David, plan development will be encouraged Miriam Schapiro, 1987. Photo courtesy of to make cash contributions to “area funds” Arlington County. established within the Public Art Fund for each planning area in the six priority corridors. Each “area fund” supports public art in that area; either County projects, especially those related to urban design and public space strategies identified in area plans, or community projects. For equity purposes, up to 10 percent of the funds can be used in areas of the County where developer resources aren't usually available. Funds contributed from projects outside these corridors should be used for public art near the development that provided them.

74 Public Art Master Plan 75 AFFORDABLE HOUSING PROJECTS Bennet Park Art Atrium; Untitled, Kendall Some site plan projects covered by GOALS Buster, 2007; Aya, Foon Sham, 2007. the County’s Public Art Policy are also Photo by Hoachlander Davis Photography. affordable housing developments. The • Confirm that the primary purpose of Policy will remain in place for these public art negotiated through the site projects for various reasons, so that plan process is to provide a long-term, people of all income groups have access integrated enhancement to Arlington’s to public art and cultural resources. pedestrian public realm

However, the Program will consider flexibility • Consider how temporary public art in public art outcomes for affordable housing programs can achieve these goals and developments, on a case-by-case basis subject update guidelines accordingly to certain criteria. Such projects might be developed through a community-engaged • Involve Program staff in the review of process or be programmatic in nature. Site Plans, to consider how public art One example is the Affordable Housing strategies and opportunities can be Residency, which is being supported by a consistent with the PAMP and public art National Endowment for the Arts grant. opportunities identified in relevant area or Resident artists are provided with studio sector plans and community space at the affordable • Work with DCPHD to consider flexibility housing site, and will carry out interviews, in how developers can meet milestones group discussions and participatory art in the standard condition language, when making. The artist will develop a concept warranted by extraordinary circumstances for a permanent public artwork that would be installed at the site. • Maintain inclusion of affordable housing developments in the Public Art Policy, CREATIVE PLACEMAKING but encourage flexibility in provision of Developers and property owners who wish public art benefits with a focus on direct to engage artists in other creative projects access to public art for residents outside the public art process will be supported in doing so, but not as a substitute • Strengthen policy regarding inclusion for the County’s public art requirements. of developers and their artworks in the Program’s audience development efforts One important step will be to implement the County’s PSMP recommendation that the County streamline the process of permitting temporary creative activities on public and private space. The Program will serve as a resource to this process, in particular assisting with the consideration of how common requests such as murals, lighting and other artist-designed projects will be handled.16

76 Public Art Master Plan 77 PROGRAM AREA: Following the County’s Public Art Policy, neighborhood-initiated art projects are GOALS not eligible for County public art funding. COMMUNITY- However, if neighborhood or civic • Communities are encouraged to develop organizations develop public art projects public art projects through a recognized and obtain funding, Public Art Program planning process (such as a Neighborhood staff may provide guidance as resources Conservation Plan). INITIATED PROJECTS permit. Program staff also work closely on the implementation of projects created • Communities are encouraged to Public artworks in neighborhoods can be responsive to community through DCPHD / Neighborhood fund public art projects through the needs and allow Arlington artists to contribute to the County’s Conservation Services. Neighborhood Conservation Program artistic legacy. and Arlington Arts Grants, as well as external sources of funding. In Arlington, community-initiated projects Community-initiated art projects have been have resulted in new gathering places, supported by programs such as DCPHD / • Communities are encouraged to follow expressions of neighborhood history and Neighborhood Conservation Services (Halls the Public Art Guidelines for projects culture, and unique visual features. Examples Hill/High View Park) and Arlington Arts they initiate. include the artworks at Halls Hill/High View Grants (Lee Highway mural, individual artist Park and the mural at Lee Highway and Veitch grant), as well as initiatives sponsored by Street painted by Kate Fleming. various community organizations.

Kate Fleming, Lee Highway Mural, 2015. Photo by Tom Woodruff.

78 Public Art Master Plan 79 SETTING PRIORITIES

81 Public art in Arlington will maintain its strong alignment with the County’s vision for public spaces and design quality, and it will continue to support key County initiatives.

Many opportunities identified in this Priority Corridors master plan update are related to plans and projects that will be realized over the next This chapter identifies priority corridors decade or longer. The Public Art Program where public art can align with County will not necessarily be in control of that planning and urban design visions that are timing; therefore, it must work being implemented through capital projects collaboratively and creatively with County and private development. For each corridor, agencies and other stakeholders through this chapter outlines future directions long-term planning and implementation for development and public space, and processes, detailed elsewhere in this plan. discusses specific issues, goals, policies and This chapter outlines key corridors, themes actions related to public art. and urban design opportunities the program should focus on in pursuing these Key Themes collaborations. This chapter also outlines key themes that could be explored in future public art projects. These themes are related to either County priorities or aspects of Arlington's character. They should be considered in prioritizing projects and setting goals for the artist’s research and engagement processes.

Urban Design Framework Finally, this chapter identifies key aspects of Arlington’s urban design framework that the Program will focus on — parks, plazas and the pedestrian realm. It provides an inventory of specific opportunities and outlines the conditions that are necessary for the Program to become involved in a project. Corridor of Light concept, Cliff Garten. Drawing courtesy of the artist.

82 Public Art Master Plan 83 Assemble public Support projects Support general Explore General Goals and private that implement planning goals connections SIX CORRIDORS resources into urban design, of promoting between urban for Public Art planned, curated public space mixed-use systems and the There are six corridors in Arlington that are priority areas for public art. and impactful and streetscape development environmental These corridors are the focus of public and private investment in the in Corridors experiences; recommendations and pedestrian, systems that will avoid the sense in officially transit and be the focus of County, and they comprise a network of urban villages and open spaces of randomly adopted plans bicycling County planning that are focal areas for economic development and civic life. placed artworks circulation efforts in coming years The Rosslyn-Ballston Corridor and the Columbia Pike is an emerging mixed-use Continue projects Richmond Highway Corridor comprise corridor, supported by bus transit, along that interpret Arlington’s two designated high-density an historic arterial street through central and activate the mixed-use corridors, with nodes focused Arlington that in recent years has been existing Collection around Metrorail stations. They began characterized by vibrant cultural diversity. developing as satellites to downtown The redevelopment process comprises Washington more than forty years ago. neighborhood-serving commercial districts As time has passed, the older areas have and medium-density housing. been particularly impacted by shifts in the location of federal government Lee Highway and the Potomac Riverfront employment and by their legacy of auto- are new priorities for public art because of oriented urban design. Both corridors new planning and project activities. County are adapting to contemporary, mixed-use, planning efforts for Lee Highway launched in early 2019. Along the Potomac, the County LEE HIGHWAY pedestrian-oriented urbanism that allows CORRIDOR them to function more independently is investigating how connections to parks as urban centers, and both are key to along the river can be improved. Arlington's economic success.

POTOMAC RIVER Four Mile Run comprises a series of parks, CORRIDOR infrastructure and neighborhoods along

Arlington’s major internal waterway. Overall, ROSSLYN-BALLSTON corridor planning has focused on flood CORRIDOR mitigation and environmental sustainability.

Several areas on the lower reach of the FOUR MILE RUN UPPER REACH COLUMBIA corridor, such as Potomac Yard, Shirlington PIKE CORRIDOR and Four Mile Run Valley, are taking on their RICHMOND own urban character. The upper reach is HIGHWAY characterized by parks. CORRIDOR

FOUR MILE RUN LOWER REACH

84 Public Art Master Plan 85 PRIORITY CORRIDOR: Rosslyn–Ballston Corridor. Photo courtesy of Arlington County. ROSSLYN-BALLSTON The Rosslyn–Ballston Corridor has served as Arlington’s central business district for more than half a century. The corridor evolved a century ago as a tangle of neighborhood shopping streets served by trolleys that connected to Washington, D.C. Eventually village centers formed around Ballston, Clarendon and Rosslyn. After construction of the Metro Orange Line more than forty years ago, denser commercial and residential development followed, and each of the five station areas in the corridor began to evolve its own identity.

ROSSLYN-BALLSTON CORRIDOR Today the corridor plays a key role in the Much of Arlington’s public art can be found everyday lives of people who live or work in in the Rosslyn-Ballston Corridor, largely

ROSSLYN Arlington. It is regarded as a place for through developer requirements. Recent

COURTHOUSE shopping, walking, and working. It is popular planning initiatives and new development for its festivals, arts events, community presents many opportunities for additional activities and entertainment venues. public art that is closely integrated with the County’s emphasis on providing a stronger CLARENDON The corridor is also key to Arlington’s pedestrian realm and better public VIRGINIA economic development, a place where amenities. BALLSTON SQUARE corporate headquarters and educational institutions are now locating, diversifying from the government-oriented businesses that have long characterized the corridor. The redevelopment that began in the late 1970s and 1980s is now being supplanted by new waves of redevelopment that reflect new urban design principles for mixed-use districts and pedestrian-friendly streets.

86 Public Art Master Plan 87 PRIORITY CORRIDOR / ROSSLYN-BALLSTON: Ballston Ballston has positioned itself as a hub of innovation, research, learning, technology and science devoted to research and discovery. It is anchored by tenants like the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, and the Virginia Polytechnic Institute has set up its Washington-region research center there.

Flame, Ray King, 2006. Photo by Hilary Regan.

BACKGROUND Boulevard, and will continue to do so as the Ballston Public art priorities have focused on the pedestrian Common Mall is reinvigorated as “Ballston Quarter,” realm in Ballston’s core, with an emphasis on a more open, dynamic and outward-facing development Ballston’s transit core, the main pedestrian spines with a mix of retail and residences” and a new public along Stuart Street and Fairfax Drive, and the Ninth space along Wilson Boulevard.18 Several other buildings Street North corridor of public spaces, including the are being reconfigured to present pedestrian-oriented Ellipse and Welburn Square. Several notable projects retail along Ballston’s streets. follow this vision. Flame (Ray King, 2006) marks the One specific project is the Ballston Quarter gateway intersection of N. Glebe Road and Fairfax Pedestrian Bridge, which replaced an existing Drive, just east of the entry into the Rosslyn– pedestrian bridge over Wilson Boulevard. The County, Ballston Corridor from Interstate 66. Arlington the developer, the Ballston BID and other partners Gateway (Jackie Ferrara and M. Paul Friedberg, successfully collaborated on the design of the bridge, 2004) marks the western end of the Ninth Street which was built by the developer as part of the public pedestrian promenade. improvements it provided in conjunction with the Most recent development has occurred along Glebe Ballston Quarter project. Road and Wilson Boulevard, and projections are for A second project at Ballston Quarter will be a new public development to continue shifting toward Ballston’s space along Wilson Boulevard, at the location where the southern and western edges. The pedestrian center former pedestrian bridge connected. This will provide of gravity has shifted from Fairfax Drive to Wilson opportunities for arts programming.

88 Public Art Master Plan 89 The Ballston sector plan has not been updated since the Rosslyn-Ballston Corridor Mid-Course Review in GOALS 1989 and there is no public realm plan for Ballston comparable to those developed for Courthouse, • Support Ballston’s identity as one of Arlington’s Crystal City or Rosslyn. innovation centers

However, the Ballston BID has prepared a placemaking • Build productive partnerships with business, study intended to enhance pedestrian networks, and civic and education sectors in generating resources, is implementing entry and streetscaping features. As locations and new approaches to art projects an outcome, the BID sponsored “Public Displays of Innovation” (2014), seven site-specific, temporary art projects that reflected on the theme of art and technology, culminating with an exhibition. Also, it is planning for a long-term temporary artwork for the canopy over the primary Ballston Metrorail entrance (Blendid, artist team).

Ivo Bukvic, Aki Ishida, Cloud, installation in Welburn Square, 2014; Photo © Jeff Goldberg / ESTO

Variation on Blue with White and Clear, Jeffrey Allen Wilson, 2006. Photo courtesy of Arlington County.

90 Public Art Master Plan 91 PRIORITY CORRIDOR / ROSSLYN-BALLSTON: QUINCY PARK RENOVATION Quincy Park is the largest park in the Rosslyn- Ballston Corridor, located in one of the most densely Virginia Square populated portions of Arlington and adjacent to Central Library. Although areas of the park have been Virginia Square is anchored by arts and educational institutions, upgraded, in the long run the County envisions the including the Arlington Arts Center (AAC), Central Library and the complete renovation of the park because multiple George Mason University Arlington campus, surrounded by a strong facilities will require replacement within the same residential neighborhood. Virginia Square has seen less redevelopment time period, and because of the need to continue realigning park features and materials to reflect its than other Metro station areas over the last decade, and it is the one urban location and current design standards.

station area in the Rosslyn–Ballston Corridor that had, at the time of this Gourd Palace, Doug Retzler, 2013. Photo by Doug Retzler. plan, neither a recently adopted sector plan nor an active BID nor a URBAN PARKS MASTER PLAN AND IMPLEMENTATION Partnership organization. Arlington’s Capital Improvements Plan includes BACKGROUND long-range funding for a master plan for Maury, The Program has been active with permanent and Herselle Milliken, Oakland and Gumball Parks, temporary projects in Virginia Square. In coordination located in the Ballston-Virginia Square area. with improvements planned for Oakland Park, the The County's goals are to consider the parks together Program has installed Ridge (Foon Sham, 2019), as a community resource, identify community needs which functions as a shading element and landmark. and priorities, and upgrade to current design standards. Previously, it completed Spielschiff (Bonifatus In 2019, the County completed upgrades to Oakland Stirnberg, 2007), a play structure in Maury Park. The Park, as described above. Future park upgrades may Program has also collaborated with AAC on several present additional opportunities for public art. temporary installations in Maury Park, including Gourd Palace (Doug Retzler, 2013) and Historical Markers Project (Timothy Thompson, 2012). GOALS The Virginia Square Sector Plan, which was adopted in 2002, envisioned that Virginia Square would have • Expand productive partnerships with County, a focus on arts and culture. The main arts and cultural arts, educational and institutional stakeholders institutions — Arlington Arts Center (AAC) and in Virginia Square to generate resources, locations Central Library — are located next to public spaces and approaches for permanent and temporary (Maury Park and Quincy Park respectively). public art projects.

George Mason University completed a visioning study for its campus in spring, 2017. Among its key recommendations were the design and activation strategies to turn its main plaza on Fairfax Drive into a “public quadrangle” that is “more engaging … and welcoming for all,” the development of spaces and facilities that serve both the campus and the wider community, streetscape improvements to connect the campus along Fairfax Drive to the Metrorail station, and public–private partnership opportunities, especially for student housing.19

92 Public Art Master Plan 93 PRIORITY CORRIDOR / ROSSLYN-BALLSTON: Clarendon Clarendon is a hub of nightlife and community activity, characterized by restaurants and retail shops, with a mix of local businesses and national chains. The district is anchored by Central Park, where the Metro station is located, and the Market Common retail center. The Clarendon Alliance hosts several events that serve Arlington at large, such as its Mardi Gras parade.

As on a Darkling Plain, Wendy Ross, 2006. Photo by Jesse Snyder.

BACKGROUND In addition, the Program commissioned a wayfinding Clarendon has retained its essential character even as project at James Hunter Park (Thoughtbarn, 2013) it has experienced dense infill development, primarily and collaborated on the project, Echoes of Little Saigon along Clarendon Boulevard and Washington Boulevard. (Kim A. O’Connell, 2016), which documented the contributions of Vietnamese immigrants to Arlington A number of development projects have included through oral histories.20 public art. Notable among them is Naga (Lisa Scheer, 2010), an integrated artwork that frames an outdoor seating area at a development by the B. F. Saul Company. The Program encouraged Dominion Energy Virginia to commission ballston*substation (Ben Fehrmann, 2012) at its substation on Fairfax Drive, improving the pedestrian experience in the blocks that connect Clarendon to Virginia Square.

94 Public Art Master Plan 95 SECTOR PLAN PUBLIC SPACE SECTOR PLAN PUBLIC ART RECOMMENDATIONS RECOMMENDATIONS The Clarendon Sector Plan was updated in 2006. The Clarendon Sector Plan also outlines A major focus of the plan is on creating more public recommendations for public art related space, particularly in the West End area, where most to potential future capital projects and development is expected. One of the major strategies to private development: is reclaiming small spaces through redesigning large Public space proposals such as the West End Plaza, intersections to convert road space to public space. a public market pavilion (concept and location Key spaces are West End Plaza, the Fairfax Drive to be determined through a future study), and Multi-Use Area, 10th Street Park, 13th Street / possible future public facilities in Clarendon, Washington Boulevard Park, Washington Boulevard / like the Clarendon Fire House [Fire Station #4], Irving Street, and Clarendon Boulevard / Edgewood could incorporate public art successfully. Street. In addition, the County is studying mid-block pedestrian connections in Clarendon’s West End. In lieu of financial contributions, integrated public art on private development sites enlivens the environment The development of these spaces has proceeded by transforming elements of the built environment slowly, with only two being implemented at the time into experiences that challenge or delight. Artists work of this plan, and none of the others included in future as members of design teams and develop art projects 21 capital budgets. that are integrated into the architecture or landscape. Many of the proposed spaces would be built through Integrated art projects should be located in highly a combination of County site assemblage and visible spaces, (e.g., external and visible from the street improvements by private developers. All of these or a publicly accessible open spaces). spaces will be considered opportunities for public art. The capital projects referenced above are long-term Clarendon Circle. proposals that were not incorporated into the FY20 Courtesy of Arlington County. capital budget.

Untitled Wayfinding (James Hunter Park), Thoughtbarn, 2013. Photo by Hoachlander GOALS Davis Photography.

• Support public art recommendations for County projects, Clarendon Alliance and private developers as outlined in the Clarendon Sector Plan

96 Public Art Master Plan 97 PRIORITY CORRIDOR / ROSSLYN-BALLSTON: Courthouse Courthouse is a lively, mixed-use and transit-oriented village that has been the County’s seat of government for more than a century. The County’s offices, courts and detention center are located in this area, interspersed with retail, high-density office and residential uses. It hosts Arlington’s oldest and largest farmer’s market, as well as various events and programming. New plans envision redevelopment around a major new public space, Courthouse Square, and an expanded pedestrian realm.

Dressed Up and Pinned, Vivian Beer, 2016. Photo courtesy of Vivian Beer.

BACKGROUND feature of the Courthouse district. Envision Courthouse Over the last decade, the Courthouse area has Square is a long-range plan for the development of a experienced infill development and redevelopment, new civic center for Arlington and infill development which has included several new public artworks. in the central core of the Courthouse district, an area Most notable among them are Dressed Up and Pinned roughly bounded by Courthouse Road, Veitch Street, (Vivian Beer, 2016) and Courthouse River Plaza (Jesus Fourteenth Street and Clarendon Boulevard. It was Moroles, 2009), which terminates the western end adopted in 2015 as an addendum to the Courthouse of the Courthouse promenade. Sector plan, and sets forth a vision, concept, design guidelines and implementation recommendations. Arlington’s Old County Courthouse was demolished in 1997 and the square in which it was located was turned into a large parking lot, which is now a central

98 Public Art Master Plan 99 The key recommendation of Envision Courthouse Square is to create Courthouse Square, a new civic GOALS space where the parking lot is located. Overall, the concept plan is organized around an urban design • Support Courthouse’s identity as Arlington’s framework of public spaces, pedestrian promenades civic center and new building parcels. It identifies seven potential areas for permanent and temporary public • Support the implementation of Envision Courthouse art: including a new Metro plaza, pathways and Square and the 2015 Courthouse Sector Plan Addendum: seating areas along a memorial grove, a main lawn, Courthouse Square to the 1993 Courthouse Square Sector a new promenade, and a stairway connection on Plan N. Veitch Street.

As Envision Courthouse Square is a long-range plan, County staff have been collaborating on Courthouse 2.0, a series of “civic visioning” projects (public art and other types of place activation) that explore the idea of public interaction and civic space in a twenty- first century urban community.

In addition, renovations planned for the Bozman Government Center, the County’s leased office space, will be monitored to determine whether there are opportunities for integrated artworks similar to the etched glass windows installed in

Courthouse Farmers public conference rooms (Untitled, Linn Meyers, Market. Photo courtesy 2012), as well as Portable Works and a lobby of Arlington County. exhibition space. Transmission, Richard Chartier and Laura Traverso, 2006. Photo by James Rawlings.

100 Public Art Master Plan 101 PRIORITY CORRIDOR / ROSSLYN-BALLSTON: Rosslyn Rosslyn emerged as an “edge-city” office district in the 1960s and 70s. It is now undergoing a second wave of redevelopment, remaking itself into a more pedestrian-scaled district with new offices, residential conversions, ground-floor retail and stronger connections to the Potomac River.

Cupids Garden, Chris Gardner, 1994. Photo by Elman Studio.

BACKGROUND In recent years, three major artworks have been Rosslyn is home to Dark Star Park, which was the completed. Quill (Christian Moeller, 2014) activates inspiration for Arlington’s Public Art Program. The the facade of a Dominion Energy Virginia substation project, which features a sculptural ensemble in an and serves as a gateway for drivers arriving from artist-designed landscape setting, highlighted the Washington, D.C., on Fort Myer Drive. Gravity and potential for integrated public art at an urban scale. Grace (Cliff Garten, 2018), at Central Place, and The project also illustrated how the County could Luminous Bodies (Cliff Garten, 2020), at the Lynn leverage its efforts with resources from private Street Esplanade, were the first two phases of a larger developers and other external funders.23 project, Corridor of Light (Cliff Garten), which will mark three entries into Arlington along Rosslyn’s Since then, Rosslyn has accumulated the highest North Lynn Street corridor. The final phase is a concentration of public art in Arlington. It has been possible treatment for the Meade Street Bridge. a focal point for site plan-initiated public art projects because of the history, extent and intensity The Program has also organized temporary projects at of development there, and because of special zoning key gateway locations — Bike Oasis (Butch Anthony, 24 provisions that apply to part of the area. The Rosslyn 2006) and CO�LED (Jack Sanders, Robert Gay, Butch Business Improvement District has also initiated Anthony, Lucy Begg, 2007)25 — and supported events numerous temporary public art projects. and performances that celebrate and interpret Dark Star Park.

102 Public Art Master Plan 103 ROSSLYN SECTOR PLAN WRAPS PLANNING STUDY Realize Rosslyn, the Rosslyn Sector Plan, The Western Rosslyn Area Planning Study, updated in 2015, calls for several important approved by the County Board in 2016, urban design and public space initiatives: considers how three civic uses (a fire station, a park and a school) and housing affordability • Creating Rosslyn Plaza Park, a major new can be integrated into new private residential, public space envisioned in the Rosslyn retail and office development in the western Plaza phased development site plan portion of the Rosslyn Station Area (see discussion of Fire Station No. 10, below). • Creating 18th Street Corridor through Rosslyn’s core, leading to the river and FIRE STATION NO. 10 connecting to Theodore Roosevelt Island Fire Station No. 10 is being built through • Revitalizing Gateway Park to improve access a public-private partnership involving and support neighborhood recreation the County and the developer of a large site in West Rosslyn. The station is planned for the • Creating the Esplanade, a public base of a private mixed-used building facing promenade proposed for Rosslyn’s Wilson Boulevard east of Pierce Street. A eastern edge along the Potomac, facade enhancement by artists David and Eli connecting from Gateway Park to Hess is planned. the Iwo Jima Memorial ARLINGTON BOATHOUSE • Revitalizing Freedom Park Several County plans have recommended Realize Rosslyn recommends that public art that a boathouse be built along the Potomac be considered as part of these initiatives, River in the Rosslyn area. The boathouse suggests that public art generally can is part of a long-time goal to improve access enhance streetscapes and blank facades, from urbanized areas to parkland along and recommends temporary sculpture the river. The project would be developed exhibitions. in partnership with the National Park

Service (NPS). Liquid Pixels, Ned Kahn, 2002; Photo by Elman Studio

ɑ Develop strategies for including public art GOALS in long-term plans for these projects ɑ Develop mechanisms for funding public art • Support Rosslyn’s transition to a more walkable, components of these projects through County dynamic, live-work-shop-play urban center and capital funds and private development public vibrant gateway to Arlington as envisioned in art contributions Realize Rosslyn • Support temporary public art installations that • For key urban design and public space initiatives address the pedestrian realm (such as the 18th Street Corridor, the Esplanade, Gateway Park, Freedom Park and Rosslyn Plaza Park):

104 Public Art Master Plan 105 PRIORITY CORRIDOR: FOUR MILE RUN Four Mile Run is Arlington’s major natural corridor. The lower reach, which flows from Shirlington into the Potomac River, is highly managed for flood control purposes and forms Arlington’s southern border with the City of Alexandria. The upper reach largely flows in a natural state and connects a series of County parks.

Ripple, Tejo Remy and Rene Veenhuizen, 2015 (fence) and 2017 (bench). Photo by Elman Studio.

BACKGROUND In Shirlington, Flow (Erwin Redl, 2006) and Four Mile Run Valley, on the north bank of the stream Down Stream (Martha Jackson Jarvis, 2006) were where the lower and upper reaches meet, was the integrated into a new library and urban space, subject of a planning study completed in 2018. in collaboration with the private developers Shirlington Village, a major development area on the who built the complex where the library is located. south bank of Four Mile Run, is a gateway to Arlington In Green Valley (formerly known as Nauck), from Alexandria to the south. Green Valley is a John Robinson, Jr., Town Square has been designed historically African-American neighborhood to the by artist and landscape architect Walter Hood. north of Four Mile Run Valley.

A number of artworks have been completed recently or are underway. In the lower reach, Ripple, an artist- designed fence enhancement and bench at the Water Pollution Control Plant (Tejo Remy, Rene Veenhuizen, 2015) and Watermarks, artist-designed marking of outfalls (D.I.R.T. Studios, 2017) have accompanied major investments in wastewater and stormwater management in that area.

106 Public Art Master Plan 107 SHORT BRIDGE PARK FOUR MILE RUN VALLEY PARK MASTER PLAN Four Mile Run Master Plan One of the key recommendations of the The approved master plan for Jennie Dean Park, GOALS In 2006, the County Board approved the Four Mile Run Master Plan, South Park at Shirlington Park and Shirlington Dog Park includes Four Mile Run Master Plan, an extensive Potomac Yard, was incorporated into the recommendations for phased development of the newly • Support the County’s multiple goals for the Four inter-jurisdictional, inter-agency, and Potomac Yard Phased Development Plan, expanded Jennie Dean Park, including recreation, Mile Run corridor, including storm and wastewater citizen-based collaborative effort. The plan, and is now in the project implementation cultural and environmental resources, and public art, management, the development of arts and creative which focuses on the lower two miles of phase, having been renamed Short Bridge with construction anticipated in 2020. Shirlington Park industries, public space and recreation Four Mile Run from Shirlington Road to Park. The park master plan, which was improvements, which will be completed at a later date, the Potomac River, presents a vision for approved in 2017, provides a concept design may include historical and environmental • Enhance the design of infrastructure (such as bus enhancing environmental, recreational and that can be phased and implemented over interpretation and public art. transit, wastewater management and floodways) public space resources. Staff and citizens time, potentially in collaboration with the • Enhance the public understanding of infrastructure from the County and the City of Alexandria, City of Alexandria. The first phase of (such as wastewater management and floodways), along with the Northern Virginia Regional construction will be a trail. The second Other Projects natural systems (such as tributaries and riparian Commission and the U.S. Army Corps of construction phase will build the remaining habitat) and cultural resources Engineers developed the overall scope for park elements. Public art is included DREW PARK

the stream restoration effort and managed in the budget for phase two. The park will be expanded, redesigned and rebuilt. • Support urban design, community planning the master planning process. and public space goals for Four Mile Run Valley, SHIRLINGTON BUS STATION EXPANSION the rest of Green Valley and Shirlington Initially, implementation focused on Four Mile Run Valley Shirlington Bus Station is Arlington’s only enclosed the development of design guidelines public bus station and is the principal transfer point In 2018, the County completed two plans and the design of tidal corridor in-stream for Metrobus and ART bus service in South Arlington. improvements. As part of this work, the for Four Mile Run Valley, just upstream Program secured National Endowment of Shirlington. This segment of Four Mile This project will ensure capacity for local bus service for the Arts funding for a design study and Run represents the convergence of an and connectivity with a regional bus rapid transit subsequently commissioned Watermarks. environmental stream corridor, parkland, network, including Alexandria’s future “Corridor C.” cultural facilities, trails, residences and Planning is expected to begin in FY 22. The plan also envisions numerous industrial and service-oriented businesses. plazas, promenades, and other public VILLAGE AT SHIRLINGTON gathering spaces along both the Arlington FOUR MILE RUN VALLEY AREA PLAN SPECIAL GENERAL LAND USE STUDY PLUS and Alexandria sides of Four Mile Run. The Four Mile Run Valley Area Plan includes AND CONCEPT PLAN All of these would be opportunities recommendations for public art, particularly The County Board approved this study, which for public art. related to natural and cultural resource recommends amending the General Land Use Plan education, and proposes arts-oriented designation for the central core of Shirlington, in July, development in the industrial areas of 2020. The study recommendations provide a template the corridor. for redeveloping this area, with consideration to both permanent and temporary public art.

108 Public Art Master Plan 109 PRIORITY CORRIDOR: COLUMBIA PIKE Columbia Pike is a corridor in transition. For many years, it has been a vintage commercial corridor, with a variety of locally-owned small businesses that reflect Arlington’s diverse cultural communities. It is now redeveloping along new transit infrastructure.

Echo, Richard Deutsch, 2012. Photo by Jesse Snyder.

BACKGROUND and has been the focus of programming since then. Nearly twenty years ago the County Board launched Another public art project, commissioned by a the Columbia Pike revitalization process, which developer at Centro (Village Center), was completed resulted in the development of community-based in 2020 (Phantom Formwork, Thoughtbarn). long-term plans, new zoning tools to implement In addition, the Columbia Pike Neighborhoods that vision, and ongoing capital improvements for Area Plan proposes several new public open spaces the corridor. Since then, developers have added (identified as plazas) where public art will also be more than 3,000 residential units, more than considered once private redevelopment is initiated 323,300 square-feet of commercial space, a through the Neighborhoods Form Based Code community center, public plazas, mini-parks, and (Dorchester Towers, Greenbrier). new supermarkets.26

Columbia Pike Public Spaces Columbia Pike’s commercial form-based code identified five sites with public spaces where public art will be incorporated. One project, Echo (Richard Deutsch), was completed at Penrose Square in 2012

110 Public Art Master Plan 111 Apart from private redevelopment, Artist Donald Lipski was commissioned by the County in 2013 GOALS to create The Pike, an artwork specifically conceived for Arlington’s Western Gateway at S. Jefferson St. • Support the Columbia Pike vision for a walkable, This project will mark the entrance to Arlington transit-oriented, mixed-use, ethnically diverse and from Fairfax County, and is being commissioned in culturally rich corridor conjunction with the County’s Multimodal Street Improvement project. • Consider incorporating public art into public spaces built as a result of the form-based code zoning tools County Projects • Consider incorporating public art into The County is in the process of implementing the County infrastructure and facility projects Columbia Pike Premium Transit Network along a along the corridor route that will connect from Columbia Pike through Pentagon City to the busway through Crystal City, • Continue collaborations with CPRO on audience Potomac Yard and ultimately the Braddock Road development and engagement through public Metrorail station in Alexandria. The Columbia Pike art programming corridor will include 23 new transit stations that are being designed and built by the County. There are • Encourage efforts for murals and short-term plans for including public art in these stations. art projects along the corridor to follow County guidelines and public art best practices The Columbia Pike Library plans to complete interior renovations to upgrade its collections and technology in the near future. At the time of this plan, Arlington Public Schools was evaluating new options for the Career Center site, where the library is located.

The Columbia Pike Revitalization Organization (CPRO) was launched in 1986 to help the County develop and implement the vision for Columbia Pike. It developed a strategic plan in 2018. CPRO plans for additional public art along the corridor, particularly murals and shorter-term projects that support its goals of enlivening the corridor with activities and programming.

The Program, in collaboration with WalkArlington and CPRO commissioned artist Graham Coreil- Allen to develop and lead a series of walking tours along Columbia Pike (Wandering the Pike, 2016; Wandering the West Pike, 2018).

Columbia Pike. Photo by David Hills.

112 Public Art Master Plan 113 PRIORITY CORRIDOR: RICHMOND HIGHWAY The Richmond Highway Corridor, also known as National Landing, consists of three distinct but connected areas: Crystal City, Pentagon City and Potomac Yard–Arlington. The three neighborhoods create a mixed- use urban center with both commercial and residential density. The corridor also includes Long Bridge Park, one of the County’s largest parks. This corridor will be the focus of some of the County’s largest economic development initiatives. In 2018, Amazon announced that it had chosen to locate a major new headquarters in National Landing in Arlington and

Alexandria. Approximately $2.5 billion in investment, including more than Wonder Wander, Larry Kirkland, 2010. Photo by Craig Collins. 4 million square feet of office space, is expected. CRYSTAL CITY SECTOR PLAN Crystal City Crystal City’s sector plan sets out an agenda for BACKGROUND transformation into a successful and competitive twenty-first century urban district: a stronger focus Crystal City’s office market was impacted by the federal on the pedestrian public realm, a finer-grained mix Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) process, which of uses, human-scaled architecture and design, resulted in the relocation of thousands of military jobs multimodal access and connectivity, and sustainable / from Arlington to other places, starting in 2005. Not long green building principles. after the BRAC relocations were announced, the County launched a visioning process for the revitalization of One of the key proposals is for a network of public Crystal City and in 2010, the County Board adopted spaces, ranging from the existing Water Park to new an updated sector plan for Crystal City. plazas, squares and pocket parks. Many of these spaces would be good opportunities for public art, which will The Program has recently completed one significant be explored further in the planning and design processes project, Connections (Barbara Bernstein, 2016), for those spaces. Two parks, the 15th Street Garden Park incorporated into the glass of seven new transit and the 18th Street Plaza (Metro Market Square), are shelters for the Crystal City Potomac Yard Transitway. funded in the Capital Improvement Plan. The sector The National Landing BID has been particularly plan also recommends gateway features in various active in placemaking initiatives, which range from locations. Public art approaches will be determined branding and wayfinding to events, art displays and on a site-by-site basis, and considered if they can be installations. It has also been active in attracting artist / incorporated into other capital project budgets. PENTAGON maker activity to underused spaces in the Crystal City CITY CRYSTAL Underground mall. CITY POTOMAC YARD Much of the commercial property in Crystal City is owned by one entity, which is planning to create a comprehensive public realm, placemaking and revitalization plan for the properties in its portfolio.

114 Public Art Master Plan 115 Pentagon City Long Bridge Park Pentagon City is a redeveloping area that Long Bridge Park is Arlington County’s most includes corporate headquarters (Amazon), recently-completed major park. With more regional commercial (Fashion Centre at than 30 acres of recreation and open space, it Pentagon City), federal offices and high- is a distinctive showplace of environmentally density residential (Metropolitan Park) uses. sound redevelopment with a central expanse There has not been a planning process for of public green spaces, outdoor sports and the overall area for twenty years, and until recreation facilities, and an aquatic and recently there had been no BID or fitness center. Partnership organization working there (the County Board approved the expansion of The Program commissioned Wave Arbor the National Landing BID into this area in (Douglas Hollis, 2011), which is located in 2019). the outdoor sports area of the park, and Sky Column (Douglas Hollis, 2o2o), for the area “Guiding Principles” for the Pentagon near the aquatic center. Centre site, which at the time of this plan was anchored by big-box retailers, were The County has also proposed a pedestrian adopted in 2008. They state that “a public and trail bridge connection between the plaza or significant public art feature should Long Bridge Park Esplanade and the Mount create an entry to the neighborhood at the Vernon Trail. This could also be a public Metro entrance at the intersection of 12th art opportunity. and Hayes Streets and contribute to an easily recognizable image and identity for the area.” Potomac Yard Development at Potomac Yard (Arlington) A Pentagon City Planning Development Study is guided by the Potomac Yard Phased was launched in summer, 2020. It is funded Development Site Plan (PDSP) and Design by the County and developers in the study Guidelines. Public art implementation area and will provide a cohesive vision for is guided by a consultant study adopted redevelopment in the area, exploring how subsequent to the PDSP approval with input the remaining lots around Amazon's new from the Public Art Program. Public art headquarters can be redeveloped. projects in the development of future land The major public investment for the area bays will be implemented as recommended Crystal City. Photo Courtesy of Arlington County. is the Pentagon City Transitway Extension, in that approved plan. Future developer which will connect the Crystal City–Potomac contributions to the Public Art Fund will Yard Transitway with the Columbia Pike be directed to the Short Bridge Park project. • Support the Crystal City Sector Plan’s focus on the Premium Transit Corridor on an alignment GOALS pedestrian public realm, a finer-grained mix of uses, following 12th Street and Hayes Street. human-scaled architecture and design, multi-modal Barbara Bernstein, who created artworks for • Support strategies for integrating public art into access and connectivity, and sustainable / green the windscreens at the station along the County transportation improvements building principles Crystal City–Potomac Yard Transitway, has • been commissioned to create artworks for • Support strategies for integrating public art into Support temporary public art installations that the new stations. public spaces, including the long-term, phased address the pedestrian realm improvements recommended in the Crystal City • Support public art planning at a granular level Sector Plan and the Guiding Principles for the Pentagon for Crystal City, Pentagon City and Potomac Yard Centre site, as well as any recommendations forthcoming from the Pentagon City Planning Study

116 Public Art Master Plan 117 PRIORITY CORRIDOR: LEE HIGHWAY The Lee Highway corridor stretches from the northern edge of Rosslyn to East Falls Church, passing through a variety of historic neighborhoods. Since 2010, several redevelopment projects have been completed. Anticipating more changes, a County-sponsored, community-led visioning process was conducted for the corridor and completed in 2016. In 2019, the County began a formal planning process.

Memory Bricks, Winnie Owens-Hart, 2004. Photo courtesy of Arlington County.

BACKGROUND Several artworks are already located along the Lee Highway Planning Processes corridor. Up and Down (Graham Caldwell, 2006), Building off the visioning work conducted under the was commissioned by a developer whose project leadership of the Lee Highway Alliance in 2016, the serves as a gateway into Arlington from Falls Church. County began a planning process for Lee Highway in The Family (Winnie Owens-Hart, 2004) is an integrated 2019. Through a multi-year, community-based planning artwork completed at Halls Hill High View Park. There process, County staff expects to analyze existing is a community-initiated mural (Kate Fleming, 2013) conditions, establish the vision and develop near Veitch Street that was funded through a grant recommendation that are organized around nine from Arlington Commission for the Arts. A mural by planning elements: land use; housing; transportation Spanish artist David de la Mano, Change Begins Inside, and connectivity; parks and open space; building was completed in 2019 at a high visibility intersection form; height and urban design; historic preservation; at Lee Highway and Glebe Road. cultural resources; art; economic vitality; sustainability; and public facilities.

118 Public Art Master Plan 119 East Falls Church Area Plan GOALS The East Falls Church Area Plan (2011) was created to generate a vision for transit- • Consider locating public art in oriented development around the East Falls key community and civic locations Church Metrorail station. It establishes a recommended in East Falls Church vision for a walkable “neighborhood center” Area Plan around the Metro station and focuses on how targeted sites might redevelop. • Support Lee Highway planning processes through artist-led community-engagement Overall, the plan recommends: activities in partnership with the Lee Highway Alliance Public art is an important element of the public realm of East Falls Church. • Support public art (temporary and The design and siting of public art should permanent) in opportunity areas be carefully evaluated. The design of public recommended through the Lee art should enhance the character of public Highway planning process spaces, promote pedestrian activities and create visual and aesthetic interest and aesthetic attraction. Public art locations should be carefully incorporated into streetscapes, public open spaces or parks, transit and infrastructure.27

The plan identifies two key locations for public art: • A central plaza proposed on the WMATA Park & Ride Lot created through the redevelopment process with public art provided as part of the site plan process

• The proposed West Entrance to the East Falls Church Metrorail station

Up and Down, Graham Caldwell, 2006. Photo courtesy of Arlington County.

120 Public Art Master Plan 121 PRIORITY CORRIDOR: As a result, there are no County projects or private developments that are addressing the river, except for a potential boathouse proposed to be developed in partnership POTOMAC RIVER with the NPS in the Rosslyn area. However, The Potomac River forms Arlington’s eastern boundary, and it is the several County plans are contemplating public improvements that would create new and/or waterway into which all of Arlington’s streams, stormwater and treated enhanced connections to the NPS lands. wastewater ultimately drain. Much of Arlington is unusually detached from the riverfront, and the County is searching for ways to improve access to the federal parklands and trails along the river. GOALS

BACKGROUND Arlington has little direct control over its • Support County efforts to create better The parklands along the Potomac are used riverfront; most is under the ownership of connections to riverfront facilities and heavily for recreation, and the County is national or regional authorities — the National trails engaged with regional watershed organizations Park Service (NPS), the Northern Virginia and initiatives that are addressing water Regional Park Authority and the Metropolitan • Raise public awareness about the quality in the river and the Chesapeake Bay, Washington Airports Authority. Federal riverfront, the characteristics of into which it flows. However, Arlington installations such as Arlington Cemetery the river-shoreline ecotone and residents are not generally aware of the and the Pentagon, geographic features the functioning of the watershed County’s relationship to the watershed; such as the northern Arlington highlands, a County survey reported on in 2014 found and infrastructure such as the George that only half of the Arlington residents who Washington Memorial Parkway also cut responded knew that Arlington was in the the river off from neighborhoods. Potomac River watershed.28

View North from Chain Bridge, Anne Rowland, 2017.

122 Public Art Master Plan 123 PRIORITY THEMES Five themes provide a starting point for considering public art projects in Arlington.

“Federal Arlington,” “Historic Arlington” and “Global Arlington” offer unique lenses on how Arlington’s history and culture have The Desegregation of Arlington Lunch Counters: 60th Anniversary Tribute, shaped its landscape. “Innovative Arlington” and “Sustainable 2020. Amos Kennedy. Collaboration with Arlington” reflect County policy priorities and initiatives at the time Arlington Art Truck, Center for Local History, of this plan. and Arlington Historic Preservation Program. Each provides a rich subtext about patterns The Program will work directly to identify Stained Glass Windows of development, public space and daily life opportunities for addressing these themes. (Arlington Arts Center), Louis Comfort-Tiffany, in Arlington. Each can influence decisions Artists will be asked to consider these themes 1930s, restored 2004. Photo by Hoachlander about which public art projects are developed as a starting point in their exploration Davis Photography. and can inspire artists in thinking about of Arlington. their projects.

124 Public Art Master Plan 125 PRIORITY THEME: PRIORITY THEME: FEDERAL HISTORIC ARLINGTON ARLINGTON Arlington’s history is intimately bound with its relationship to the Arlington’s physical and social histories provide a variety of contexts nation’s capital across the river, and almost every layer of Arlington’s for public art that marks, interprets and celebrates people, places built environment bears the federal imprint. and causes, both exemplary and ordinary, that speak to the history of Arlington and its people. Consider how the area now known as Cemetery. However, the County has little Arlington was once part of the District say in how federal parklands can be Arlington has been shaped by successive In recent years, the Program has been of Columbia, until that territory was ceded community open space and recreational layers of settlement and development dating involved in projects that address aspects back to Virginia in 1846, with many of the resources. Also, while government-related from before European colonization began of Arlington’s history that have not been as boundary markers placed by Benjamin businesses and Metrorail have contributed through the waves of suburbanization and well documented or in some cases forgotten. Banneker still remaining. Consider how the greatly to Arlington’s growth in the 1980s urbanization that occurred over the last These projects, which involve collaborations ring of Civil War-era fortifications that lined and 1990s, they also contributed to the century. Both specific places of significance with other County agencies and community (and leveled) Arlington’s ridges and displacement of residents and businesses. and common landscapes — such as the groups, have focused on ensuring that treescapes defended the capital from the Federal base closures and consolidations remnants of nineteenth-century farms, people have an opportunity to bring their possibility of attack, and still help define since then have adversely impacted the estates and villages, and military works; own histories to light and a voice in shaping Arlington’s network of parks and open space. number of federal employees and twentieth-century residential developments them. They have involved the Vietnamese Consider how national housing policies contractors working in Arlington, and the transportation infrastructure that community in Clarendon and the historic shaped the development of single-family particularly Crystal City. connected them; and the mixed-use urban African-American communities of Green residential subdivisions and garden cores that have evolved in the last forty Valley and Halls Hill. The theme of Federal Arlington could apartments as affordable housing for the years — contribute to the way that Arlington continue to serve as a starting point for burgeoning federal workforce, areas that are is experienced today. They manifest These projects have led to some of the numerous art projects. now the heart of historic neighborhoods. themselves in ways that are subtle, striking Program's most fruitful, innovative and enthusiastic collaborations, both across And consider how federally-backed Permanent art projects might celebrate and not always well understood, such as how professional disciplines and with infrastructure such as Reagan National Arlington’s contributions to the nation, common development patterns reinforced communities that are not normally engaged Airport, interstate highways and Metro lines, mark important events where local and racial segregation. in public art processes. Continuing this type and flood control along Four Mile Run all federal fates converge, remember people Arlington has also been shaped by successive of project will be an important strategy for have left their mark. And consider the and places that were impacted by federal generations of people who have lived and the Program to ensure that it is connecting Depression-era murals commissioned by the expansion, explore places that mark the worked here, including Native Americans all of Arlington's communities with artists Treasury Department in Arlington’s main overlap between federal and local (Metro and colonists, enslaved people and freedmen, and bringing creative processes to bear on post office in Clarendon. infrastructure, federal installations), or soldiers and scientists, federal workers and their desire to have their stories heard. celebrate places that feature views of Arlington has prospered because of its tech entrepreneurs, community activists and District landmarks. proximity to the nation’s capital, but the trailblazers, and immigrants from around the federal presence has been contentious. Temporary art projects in the Rosslyn- world. All of these people have made an About one-eighth of Arlington’s land area Ballston Corridor or lower reach of Four imprint on Arlington through their vision is controlled by the federal government. Mile Run might explore the tensions of and leadership; their nurturing of community, Federal agencies have protected this juxtaposition, such as the impact of neighborhood and civic institutions; their Arlington’s greatest open-space asset, the commuting, the impact of channelization labor and their innovation; and their Potomac riverfront, and graced Arlington of Four Mile Run, or the porosity of struggles for justice for those who have been with landscapes like Arlington National federal boundaries. excluded from the full benefits of our society.

126 Public Art Master Plan 127 PRIORITY THEME: The Pike concept, Donald Lipski. Rendering courtesy of Arlington GLOBAL ARLINGTON County. It is hard to live or work in Arlington without observing the expanding web of connections between its residents, businesses, and institutions and the rest of the world. Arlington’s globalization plays an increasingly important role in its future. Arlington is a destination for immigrants, This expanding range of relationships particularly from Africa, Central and South can impact Arlington in various ways. America, and Southeast Asia, and some As people’s attention turns beyond their ninety-nine languages are spoken by communities, the bonds of place might children in Arlington’s public schools. These be loosened. Conversely, as businesses groups maintain links to friends and families become more mobile, the local quality and the politics and economies of their of life can influence decisions about where homelands. As these residents have settled they set up shop. As immigrants establish in, they have started businesses that reflect new communities, they develop activities, their particular needs and offer others businesses and organizations that create distinctive choices. They have organized new bonds to a place. As these global arts and culture groups and celebrations enterprises settle in Arlington, they that take place in parks and streets, and become magnets for tourism and travel, have influenced the shape of educational the arts and education. and social programs. These dynamics provide rich opportunities for Arlington’s businesses have an increasingly public art. Art projects could reflect imagery broad scope of operations. The County and narratives particular to Arlington’s many hosts the international and national new communities, or link folk art traditions headquarters of companies such as to the creation of designs for public places Nestlé and the Federal Deposit Insurance and public art. Global Arlington can bring out Corporation, and national advocacy groups public art’s propensity to provide variety such as The Nature Conservancy and and surprise, to reveal hidden landscapes the National Rural Electric Cooperative and undocumented connections and to Association. The federal agencies based be a universal language for celebrating in Arlington, particularly the Defense the complexity of human culture. and State departments, a national and international influence. Tragically, the 9/11 This theme could be explored in almost any attack on the Pentagon put Arlington on corner of Arlington. It will be particularly the front lines of the global war on appropriate along Columbia Pike and Lee terrorism. Highway, to reflect the communities that have settled along those corridors. Civic artworks in areas such as Ballston and Rosslyn, which have a concentration of these global businesses, could reflect this theme as well.

128 Public Art Master Plan 129 PRIORITY THEME: INNOVATIVE ARLINGTON Arlington’s business and employment profiles have been undergoing a significant change over the past decade. Federal and contracting employment has decreased as a result of BRAC and relocations of government offices from Arlington to other areas. Meanwhile, major corporate employers are moving in, universities (Marymount, George Mason, University of Virginia, Virginia Tech) are expanding their presence, and start-up companies are finding fertile ground. Arlington’s innovation sector is driven, Connecting with creative businesses is not in part, by government-sponsored research. always easy, as innovators are focused on It has played a leading role in developing building their businesses in competitive and components of our digital world that are high security environments. Nevertheless, now considered commonplace – global the Program (working with the rest of positioning, voice recognition and even Arlington Cultural Affairs) will engage the Internet itself. with Arlington’s entrepreneurial sector to understand the resources it offers, to Arlington Economic Development has encourage participation in arts and culture identified several components of the programming and to convey the importance innovation economy that the County will of arts and cultural programming to cultivate: educational and governmental Arlington’s creative industries. research institutions; incubators and accelerators, co-working and maker spaces; An early step would be to link the theme and successful startup companies and of Innovative Arlington to the idea of an entrepreneurial workforce. Ballston commissioning a major artwork. Artists and Crystal City have been nodes for who work in media such as data-mining, this activity for many years, and Rosslyn interaction design, locative technology, is emerging as well. robotics, cybernetics, digital graphics, and information systems will be recruited to propose demonstration projects. In this way, the Program can lead the conversation about public art and innovation by example.

CO2LED, Jack Sanders, Robert Gay and Butch Anthony, 2007. Photo by Robert Gay.

130 Public Art Master Plan 131 PRIORITY THEME: Watermarks, D.I.R.T. studio, 2017. Photo by Elman Studio. SUSTAINABLE ARLINGTON Sustainability is an increasingly important focus for the County.29 Early in 2020, it was accepted in the international Biophilic Cities Network, which will be a cornerstone of its future efforts. The Program has already developed several projects exploring sustainable natural systems and environmental issues to date — Bike Oasis,

CO�LED, Watermarks, Cultivus Loci: Suckahanna (Jann Rosen-Queralt, 2004) and Gourd Palace (Doug Retzler, 2013). The Program will continue its focus on projects that explore sustainability, particularly in support of County planning and policy initiatives. Sustainability is also an increasing focus for Artists could be engaged with issues public art practice internationally. ArtPlace of sustainability in a number of ways: America has documented five ways that arts and culture can accelerate environmental progress30: Civic Visioning In this approach, artists can make invisible • Spark public interest and demand for or illegible infrastructure and environmental sustainable solutions systems visible to people. This approach was featured in the D.I.R.T. studio Watermarks • Build community capacity and agency project for the Four Mile Run restoration • Connect local experiences to larger project, which features markers along the contexts bike trail that indicate where the stormwater outfalls are located and identify native species • Enrich and activate the built environment of fish.

• Nurture sustainable economies

These approaches to public art can support Civic Participation the County's efforts to apply biophilic In this approach, artists can strengthen principles to its policies and practices, engage stakeholder involvement in official planning the public and track its progress. At the tine processes by organizing activities that this plan was approved, there were two provide unique and interesting ways potential planning opportunities related to for people to have input in the plan. sustainability: updates to the Natural One example of this would be to sponsor Resources Management Plan and the Urban an artist-led community asset-mapping Forest Master Plan. inventory to engage people in documenting the County’s environmental resources.

132 Public Art Master Plan 133 PRIORITY PLACE: PLAZAS AND GREEN SPACES Plazas and green spaces, two open space types described in the PSMP, are common and important features in Arlington’s urban design plans. They can serve as gathering places, focal points and anchors for neighborhoods, commercial corridors and transportation nodes. They are also key locations for public art.

GATEWAY PARK CENTRAL PLACE ROSSLYN PLAZA COURTHOUSE SQUARE WASHINGTON / CENTRAL CIVIC PLAZA 13TH ST. PARK MARKET COMMON (PARK AND RIDE SITE) VIRGINIA CLARENDON SQUARE WEST CENTRAL PARK END PLAZA WELLBURN SQUARE

DORCHESTER PENROSE SITE SQUARE METROPOLITAN PARK PENTAGON AUDI SITE CENTRE CENTRO WATER GREENBRIER RITE AID SITE METRO MARKET PARK SITE PLAZA CENTER PARK ARLINGTON MILL 23RD STREET PLAZA COMMUNITY CENTER CRYSTAL PARK

TOWN SQUARE IN GATEWAY PARK GREEN VALLEY

SHIRLINGTON VILLAGE CENTER

COMPLETED / UNDERWAY PROPOSED / RECOMMENDED IN APPROVED PLANS

Down Stream, Martha Jackson Jarvis, 2006. Photo courtesy of Arlington County.

134 Public Art Master Plan 135 Because of the important role these spaces • Participate as a stakeholder in or resource to the play in the patterns of urban development Public Spaces Master Plan GOALS future development of guidelines for the design and community life in Arlington, they The Public Spaces Master Plan (PSMP) and management of plazas and green spaces will serve as key locations for public art. update approved in 2019 includes general • Continue to focus on plazas and green spaces • Coordinate closely with planning, capital project Art projects in these spaces will be of the recommendations for plazas, a type of as key locations for public art and site plan processes to identify and implement highest priority and proceed as funding public space that is generally found in opportunities for public art related to plazas and and partnering organizations emerge. high-density areas and: • Play a key resource role in implementing recommendations of the PSMP update as green spaces Permanent and temporary public art … can serve as places of respite amid bustling they relate to plazas and green spaces projects have been created or are in progress streets and buildings. They are places to sit in many of Arlington’s urban spaces, such as and relax and may, depending on their Penrose Square on Columbia Pike, Welburn design, serve as small gathering and event Square in Ballston, Central Place Plaza in spaces … (they) often include a balance Rosslyn, the plaza in front of the Shirlington of paved and natural or landscaped areas, branch library and the Town Square in providing visitors a small connection with Green Valley. nature while also accommodating a wide variety of uses and activities … They can Generally, opportunities for plazas and green include small recreational amenities, such spaces are identified in sector plans. as bocce, table tennis, or play features, but Approved plans for Clarendon, Courthouse, usually do not include larger amenities.31 Crystal City, East Falls Church and Rosslyn include public space frameworks with The PSMP update includes several long-range plans for urban spaces. Usually, recommendations for follow-up actions these spaces are delivered by the County, that have implications for public art in private developers through the site plan privately-owned public spaces (POPS). process, or some combination. They are Already, the County has created guidelines usually maintained by the County, for the design and management of these developers or partnering organizations. spaces. Going forward, the PSMP recommends that public art should be For the Program to advance its goals for considered in the design of these spaces; public art in these types of spaces, it will and that plazas should be upgraded with have to coordinate closely with land-use infrastructure for events and programming, planning, capital project planning and site as well as casual use (seating, wifi). The plan processes. As a matter of principle, Program will play a role implementing these the Program will focus developer site plan recommendations, especially the contributions on public art improvements consideration of public art in new POPS. in these spaces.

Untitled (Virginia Square Metro Plaza), Tom Ashcraft and Y. David Chung, 2003. Photo by Elman Studio.

136 Public Art Master Plan 137 PRIORITY PLACE: County Gateways Neighborhood and In 2011, the County undertook an internal wayfinding District Gateways GATEWAYS study that identified a small number of gateway The following neighborhood- and district-scale locations that “create special gestures of welcome gateway projects have been completed by the Program Civic leaders, citizens and County staff often express interest in gateway at points where one enters the County from across or private developers: the river or from a neighboring county.”32 The study projects. They can provide a sense of arrival and welcome to the identified three categories of gateways: community, set the stage for what’s to come and serve as iconic • Flame in Ballston. URBAN VILLAGE GATEWAYS elements that become synonymous with the place. • CO�LED (a temporary installation) in Rosslyn. • Rosslyn at Key Bridge However, gateways must be approached transportation systems, can consume an Some of the County’s area plans recommend sensitively. They often function as one- inordinate amount of resources. Though • Rosslyn at N. Meade Street Bridge new neighborhood- or district-scale gateways. dimensional visual markers and sometimes gateways are not a priority for Program Several are called out in the Crystal City sector send a message of exclusion, rather than resources, they can be pursued when they • Crystal City at Route 1 & 395 plan, for example. creating engaging places that serve a diverse address broader planning goals and are community and are a priority for Arlington's approached through an appropriately • Crystal City at Route 1 & S Glebe public art. Large-scale gateway projects, such inclusive process. • Shirlington at S. Glebe Road & 395 GOALS as markers designed for roads or public SUBURBAN COMMERCIAL GATEWAYS • Coordinate closely with planning, capital N. GLEBE RD. & CHAIN BRIDGE • Columbia Pike & S. Jefferson Street project and site plan processes to identify and implement opportunities for public art related • Wilson Boulevard & N. McKinley Road to neighborhood- or district-scale gateways

RESIDENTIAL GATEWAYS • Prioritize integrated artworks or design-team approaches • North Glebe Road & Chain Bridge ROSSLYN AT • Plan for appropriately inclusive public engagement KEY BRIDGE • Arlington Boulevard & Manchester Street processes • Lee Highway & N. Westmoreland Street • Explore collaborations with neighboring ROSSLYN AT LEE HIGHWAY AT N. MEADE Public art has already been developed, or is in jurisdictions N. MCKINLEY RD. ST. BRIDGE progress, at several of the locations listed above: • Overall, do not prioritize the use of public art BALLSTON AT FAIRFAX • Rosslyn at Key Bridge, Rosslyn at N. Meade resources for these projects DRIVE & N. GLEBE ROAD Street Bridge. Corridor of Light was completed WILSON BLVD. & as a component of a County capital project at N. MCKINLEY RD Key Bridge and is proposed as part of a future ARLINGTON BLVD. CRYSTAL CITY & MANCHESTER ST. AT ROUTE capital project at the N. Meade Street Bridge. 1 & 395 • Columbia Pike and S. Jefferson Street. The Pike has been commissioned as a component of County COLUMBIA PIKE & S. JEFFERSON ST. GATEWAY PARK street improvements at this location.

SHIRLINGTON • Lee Highway & N. Westmoreland Street. Up and S. GLEBE & 395 ROUTE 1 / S. GLEBE ST. / Down was completed by a private developer. SOUTH BRIDGE PARK

COMPLETED/IN PROGRESS

POTENTIAL FUTURE LOCATIONS

138 Public Art Master Plan 139 CONCLUSION

141 Public art has become a distinctive, welcome, and valued aspect of Arlington’s visual landscape. The artworks that have been commissioned by the County and by developers have achieved national distinction. This PAMP update lays the groundwork for Arlington to build on that success.

Arlington’s public art success has been plan update outlines partnerships and characterized by the strategic application processes that can help projects move of resources to public artworks that are forward in the same collaborative manner integrated into public spaces, facilities that has characterized the development and infrastructure, and that respond to the of projects in the past. County’s urban design and placemaking goals. The County has been effectively Forty years ago, Arlington launched its entrepreneurial in leveraging its funds with public art program with a commission private sector support and external grants. from a visionary artist who created a seminal artwork that transcends time In the coming decades, Arlington plans and place. Since then, public artists have to make transformational investments in its demonstrated their ability to create infrastructure and environmental systems memorable places and moments that — from streets and transit to energy, waste, strengthen people’s connections to places and urban forests. This master plan update and support Arlington’s prospects as a outlines the trajectory for County vibrant community. Arlington can continue investment in public realm, capital facilities that unique placemaking tradition as and planning initiatives, and identifies its rises to meet the challenges and where the best opportunities for public opportunities presented by the next art can be realized. The Implementation chapter in its history. Guide that is a companion to this master

Quill, Christian Moeller, 2014. Photo by Serge Hoeltschi.

142 Public Art Master Plan 143 County Guidelines, Other Plans, Reports PLANS Reports and Studies and Studies Arlington County Wayfinding Analysis Lee Highway Visioning Study, CONSULTED and Criteria (2011) Lee Highway Alliance, 2016 Pentagon Centre Site Public Art in Private Development Guiding Principles (2008) Resource Guide Arlington Public Art County Plans WalkArlington (2000) Visioning Charrette for Mason Arlington Documents Arlington’s Framework for Prosperity: Campus, George Mason University, 2017 Public Art Policy Economic Development Strategic Plan (2008) Community Facilities Study, Final Report Public Art Master Plan Ballston Sector Plan (1980) Guiding Principles for Stratford School Clarendon Sector Plan (2006) External References Public Art Implementation Guide DCPHD / Neighborhood Conservation Columbia Pike Neighborhoods Area Plan (2015) ArtPlace America, Farther Faster Together: Public Art Guidelines Program guidelines How Arts and Culture Can Accelerate Guidelines for Site Plan Projects Columbia Pike Initiative – Environmental Progress (2018) A Revitalization Plan (2005) Public Facilities Review Commission “Seven Guiding Principles for Public Art” Principles of Civic Design Courthouse Sector Plan Addendum: Jen McDonald, “Test Your Stormwater IQ,” “Four Lenses for Looking At the Value of Courthouse Square (2015) September 17, 2014 Public Art in Arlington” Crystal City Sector Plan (2010) Henry Jenkins, as quoted in Andrew Slack, East Falls Church Area Plan (2011) “Why We Need a Civic Imagination,” Civicist (July 27, 2015) Enriching Lives: Arlington Arts and Culture Strategy (2019) Benjamin Schneider, “How Park(ing) Day Four Mile Run Valley Area Plan Went Global,” CityLab (September 15, 2017) and Design Guidelines (2018) “Re-envisioning the Ballston Common Four Mile Run Valley Park Mall,” The Citizen (September October 2015) Master Plan (2018) Market Street Prototyping Festival, General Land Use Plan (2017) http://marketstreetprototyping.org/ Historic Preservation Master Plan (2006) Public Art • Public Spaces (2004) Public Spaces Master Plan (2019) Realize Rosslyn, Rosslyn Sector Plan Update (2015) Rosslyn-Ballston Corridor Mid-Course Review (1989) Virginia Square Sector Plan (2002) Western Rosslyn Area Planning Study (2016)

144 Public Art Master Plan 145 PAMP Internal Working Other County Staff ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Group / PAMP Core Team Aaron Shriber, Department of Community Angela Adams, Arlington Public Art Planning, Housing & Development

Arlington County Board Arlington County Elizabeth Carriger, Arlington Public Art Cynthia Connolly, Arlington Cultural Affairs Matt de Ferranti, Chair Manager’s Office Adam Segel-Moss, Cynthia Richmond, Mark Schwartz, County Manager Katie Cristol, Vice Chair Department of Environmental Services Arlington Economic Development Shannon Flanagan-Watson, Christian Dorsey, Member Brett Wallace, Department of Community Deirdre Ehlen, Arlington Public Art Deputy County Manager Planning, Housing & Development Libby Garvey, Member Jennifer Smith, Department of Community Samia Byrd, Deputy County Manager Chikwe Njoku, Department of Community Planning, Housing & Development Takis P. Karantonis, Member Bryna Hefler, Assistant County Manager Planning, Housing & Development Jessica Margarit, Department of Community Adopted ______, 2021 Irena Lazic, Department of Parks Planning, Housing & Development PAMP Advisory and Recreation June Locker, Consultants Committee / Arlington Jill Hunger, Arlington Economic Development Department of Environmental Services Todd W. Bressi, Public Art, Placemaking, Public Art Committee John Chadwick, Arlington Public Schools Kellie Brown, Department of Community City Design Planning, Housing & Development Carl Bedell (Chair), Hiram Brown, Susannah John Liebertz, Department of Community Graham Coriel-Allen, Artist Haworth Dunn, Jon Hensley, Cassie Hurley, Planning, Housing & Development Kevin P. Black, Arlington County Jordan Lewis, Cara Smith (Members) Attorney’s Office Sushmita Mazumdar, Artist Julia Berg, Arlington Public Libraries Kameron Aroom, David Carlson, Gordon Kimberly Vacca, Department of Community Fraley, Sunny Carroll, Betsy Johnson, Takis Margaret Tulloch Rhodes, Department of Planning, Housing & Development Karantonis, Sushmita Mazumdar, Elizabeth Community Planning, Housing & Development Morton, Courtney Murphy, Douglas Kris Krider, Department of Community Plowman (Former Members) Michelle Congdon, Planning, Housing & Development Department of Environmental Services Marco Rivero, Michelle Isabelle-Stark, Department of Parks and Recreation Public Art Program Arlington Cultural Affairs Team (Angela A. Adams, Matt Mattauszek, Department of Community Elizabeth Carriger and Deirdre Ehlen), 2018. Michelle Stafford, Planning, Housing & Development Photo by Elman Studio. Department of Environmental Services Valerie Mosley, Natalie Monkou, Department of Environmental Services Arlington Economic Development Pam Farrell, Arlington Public Schools Molly (Mary) O’Connell, Department of Community Planning, Housing & Development Richard Best, Department of Environmental Services Ryan Hudson, Arlington County Manager’s Office Richard Tucker, Department of Community Planning, Housing & Development Susan Soroko, Arlington Economic Development Roger Munter, Arlington County Manager’s Office

146 Public Art Master Plan 147 NOTES 1. Arlington Economic Development Commission, 22. Redevelopment sites are indicated in “Figure 2.26, Arlington’s Framework for Prosperity (Arlington, 2008), 11. Building and Public Space Concept Diagram,” in Courthouse Sector Plan Addendum: Courthouse Square, 2. These include updated sector plans for Clarendon, 2015, p. 35. Courthouse, Crystal City and Rosslyn, and a new plan for the Columbia Pike Neighborhoods Area Plan. 23. Funded and developed with support from National Endowment for the Arts, J.W. Kaempfer Company, 3. Arlington Commission on the Arts, Enriching Lives: Arlington County, Theodore Gould, Morris and Arlington Arts and Culture Strategy (Arlington, 2017), Gwendolyn Cafritz Foundation, Marriott Corporation, 4. Arlington Public Art’s temporary projects are Westfield Realty, Charles E. Smith Building Corporation, documented at https://publicart.arlingtonva.us/ McDonald’s Corporation, Weissberg Development, temporary-installations/ Preston Construction Corporation, Charles and Smith Management, Geneva Associates. 5. Henry Jenkins, as quoted in Andrew Slack, “Why We Need a Civic Imagination,” Civicist (July 27, 2015). See 24. This artwork has since been relocated permanently to https://civichall.org/civicist/why-we-need-a-civic- Barcroft Park. imagination/ 25. Commissioned in conjunction with the Planet Arlington 6. Employment is anticipated to fall over the next few years music festival. but rebound after that. Urban Design+Research, Profile 26. Cited at: https://projects.arlingtonva.us/neighborhoods/ 2017 (Arlington: Department of Community Planning, columbia-pike-form-based-codes/ Housing and Development, Planning Division, 2017). 27. East Falls Church Area Plan (Arlington County, 2011), p. 68. 7. Arlington Economic Development Commission, Arlington’s Framework for Prosperity (Arlington, 2008), 10. 28. Jen McDonald, “Test Your Stormwater IQ,” September 17, 2014, https://environment.arlingtonva.us/2014/09/ 8. Arlington Economic Development Commission, test-stormwater-iq/ Arlington’s Framework for Prosperity (Arlington, 2008), 11. 29. In 2019, the County Board passed a resolution to join the 9. Todd Bressi and Meridith C. McKinley, Four Lenses for Biophilic City network, a community that places nature Looking at the Value of Public Art in Arlington (Arlington: at the core of design and planning and works to create Arlington Economic Development, 2012), 1. opportunities to learn about and connect with nature. 10. Todd Bressi and Meridith C. McKinley, Four Lenses for Arlington County Board, Biophilic Cities Resolution, Looking at the Value of Public Art in Arlington (Arlington: December 17, 2019, https://arlingtonva.s3.amazonaws. Arlington Economic Development, 2012), 2. com/wp-content/uploads/sites/22/2019/12/Biophilic.pdf 11. Arlington Commission on the Arts, Enriching Lives: 30. ArtPlace America, Farther Faster Together: How Arts and Arlington Arts and Culture Strategy (Arlington, 2017). Culture Can Accelerate Environmental Progress (2018). 12. The transitway project built on an Arlington precedent, 31. Arlington Public Spaces Master Plan, Final Draft Preston Sampson’s etched glass shelters. (October, 2018) , 39. 13. Public Art, Public Places: Public Art Master Plan for 32. This section draws from the recommendations of Arlington County (Arlington, 2004), 39. Gensler, “Arlington County Wayfinding Analysis and Criteria” (Arlington Economic Development, June 2011). 14. Jill Bennett and Saskia Beudel, Curating Sydney (Sydney: New South Publishing, 2014), 3. 15. Arlington Commission for the Arts, Enriching Lives: Arlington Arts and Culture Strategy (March, 2017), 3. 16. Arlington Public Spaces Master Plan, Final Draft (October, 2018), 80. 17. Arlington County General Land Use Plan, February 2020, 14. 18. Re-envisioning the Ballston Common Mall,” The Citizen, September October 2015. 19. Visioning Charrette for Mason Arlington Campus (Arlington: George Mason University, 2017). 20. The project was a collaboration of Arlington Public Art, Arlington Arts, DCPHD / Historic Preservation, and the Arlington Public Library. 21. The public spaces are mapped on page 64 of the Clarendon Sector Plan.

Arlington Gateway, Jackie Ferrara and M. Paul Freidberg, 2004. Photo courtesy Arlington County.

148 Public Art Master Plan 149 REFERENCE MATERIALS

151151 of specific public art projects; and, review Through this Policy and and recommend Special Exception Projects. ARLINGTON COUNTY the Public Art Program These guidelines will be developed by the Commission and appropriate County staff Guidelines (“Guidelines”), and approved by the County Manager and PUBLIC ART POLICY the County Board seeks to County Attorney. have the Arlington County 3. PUBLIC ART SITES This policy was adopted by the Arlington County Board in December, 2000. government (“County”) Sites for public art covered by this Policy It will be reviewed and updated after the adoption of this master plan. Current provide opportunities information about the Policy is posted on the Program's web page. are prominent locations in Arlington which for creating exciting and are identified as suitable for public art Art enhances Arlington’s identity as a community that values creative projects and are physically and/or visually attractive public spaces accessible to and by the public. Public art and diverse expressions. It builds our sense of civic pride, and enriches that are used and enjoyed projects covered by this policy for which the quality of our lives. Public art fulfills these purposes in a myriad of by Arlington’s residents, public money is utilized may be located ways: by improving our experience of public spaces through excellent on either public or private property. For workers and visitors. a public art project to be located on private and harmonious design; by sensitively preserving or highlighting vistas; property, the owner must grant the County by introducing surprising and enlivening elements into otherwise 1. PUBLIC ART COVERED BY THIS POLICY an easement for access, with a grant of ordinary spaces; and by engaging us with insightful interpretations Public art, as defined by this policy, all ancillary rights that the County deems of our community’s activities, aspirations, and history. In sum, public encompasses the broadest definition necessary in order to implement the public art project according to this policy. art has the capacity to humanize our urban and suburban environments. of visual art including the imaginative use and interplay of all artistic disciplines. Identification of a piece of property as a In recognition of the importance of • create exciting, appealing, and harmonious Public art governed by this policy shall public art site shall not relieve the property integrating public art into the daily lives public spaces by integrating art into be art that is visually or physically accessible owner from complying with all applicable of the residents of Arlington County, architecture, urban design and the to the public, and that is acquired by County County laws and regulations. Virginia (“Arlington”), the County Board planning of infrastructure at the earliest funds, donated to the County, or provided 4. SITE SELECTION of Arlington County (“County Board”) design stage; by a private entity as a community benefit supports a strong public art program. as required by special exception and The process used to select public art sites is To this end the County Board hereby • celebrate our community’s heritage, approved by the County Board. Public art dependent upon the type of project executed. ethnicity, commonality and civic pride that is neither paid for with public funds establishes the Arlington County Public A. County-Initiated Projects Art Policy (“Policy”) with the following by stimulating collaboration and nor created through a special exception goals in mind: understanding between artists and benefit, condition or approval by the County Working with the Commission, the County Arlington’s diverse community; Board, is not governed by this Policy. will develop a Public Art Master Plan (“Plan”). The Plan will identify appropriate • enhance Arlington’s image locally, 2. GUIDELINES and significant sites for the location of regionally and nationally by insuring the public art. The Commission will oversee a The County Board authorizes the Arlington creation of the highest quality public art; comprehensive community planning process Commission for the Arts (“Commission”) to develop this Plan. The Commission shall • foster the public’s understanding and and staff to develop detailed guidelines ensure that the process of preparing the Plan enjoyment of public art; outlining all aspects involved with the and any subsequent modifications provides implementation of this policy including the • promote artists to live and to work in ample and appropriate opportunities for processes used to: develop an inventory of Arlington and to participate in public public input into site identification. The existing and approved public art; develop presentations of their art in the County; and, Plan must complement and supplement the and update the Public Art Master Plan; County’s various other planning documents review and recommend a process for the • encourage federal, state and private guiding the growth and development of support for Arlington’s public art program. selection, placement and implementation

152 Public Art Master Plan 153 Arlington, such as, but not limited to, the C. Community-Initiated Projects 6. COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT 9. FUNDING Open Space Master Plan, General Land Use As currently exists through other County Each public art project created through this A. Direct County Funding Plan, Sector Plans, Area Revitalization Plans funding sources, an Arlington community policy shall include an outreach program and Master Transportation Plan. The initial group or neighborhood association may that will encourage community involvement The annual CIP budget submitted by the Plan shall be submitted to the County Board propose a public art project for a site that in the implementation of the project as well County Manager to the County Board will by the Commission for the County Board’s may or may not be on the Public Art Master as periodically inform and educate citizens include a provision for an amount that is no review and approval on or before July 1, Plan and apply for County funds to implement about the specific project. more than 1/2% of the County CIP budget 2002. The Plan will be reviewed and the project. from the areas of Local Parks and Recreation, updated every five years, commencing with 7. ARTIST SELECTION Transportation, Community Conservation, fiscal year 2007. The Plan may also be 5. ELIGIBLE PUBLIC ART PROJECTS Methods used for artist selection may and Government facilities. Funds revised at such other times as a proposal for include open competition, invitational appropriated will be utilized to support inclusion of a project on a site not identified A. Public Art Projects may include: competition, or direct selection but shall approved County Initiated projects in the Plan is received by the County, if the • the commissioning of permanent comply with all laws, regulations, and pursuant to the Public Art Master Plan. County finds such proposal to be consistent works designed for specific public County policies governing purchasing. Through the CIP budget review process, with laws and regulations and the County’s sites in Arlington; Community involvement in the the County Board will determine the actual general policies on public art. In general, development of any Public Art Project funding level for public art projects each County Initiated Projects will be located on • the loan, purchase or donation of art is crucial and shall be part of the selection year. Funding may be allocated from either sites identified in the Public Art Master Plan. works deemed appropriate for public sites; process. For Public Art Projects attached the pay-as-you-go budget or bonds or both. The Commission, working with County • artists contracted to work as integral to private or public construction, the artist When the public art project is part of a new staff, will identify the highest priority members of architectural, infrastructure, selection and approval process must be construction or renovation, the funding projects described in the Plan and and urban design teams; and integrated into the overall project timeline should be appropriated in the same funding recommend those projects for implementation so as not to cause delays. cycle as the construction. as funding allows. As much as possible, • installations, artist-in-residence these projects should correspond with programs, and other short-term projects 8. ART OWNERSHIP, COPYRIGHT B. Other Funding Sources new construction or renovation projects or planning activities that result in the 1. Government, Foundations, Corporations And In general, for County Initiated and planned by the County for that year. creation of temporary or permanent Other Contributions. The County will be Community Initiated permanent works of public art. active in applying for non-County public B. Special Exception Projects public art the County shall own the physical and private funds to support public art work and copyrights shall be retained by the A site for the inclusion of public art amenities B. Two types of Public Art Projects are possible: projects as appropriate. Individuals, artist, with reproduction rights allowed the in conjunction with a special exception 1. County-Initiated Projects. The Commission businesses and organizations will also County for appropriate promotional and development project (as permitted by the may propose one or more public art be encouraged to make contributions educational purposes. Legal title and copy zoning ordinance) may be identified. The projects for sites identified in the to the County for public art projects. rights in any work of public art funded in Public Art Master Plan will provide guidelines Public Art Master Plan. The Public Art whole or in part by direct County funding for this siting process. The County may Committee, working with appropriate 2. Special Exception Projects. Contributions and/or the Public Art Fund, or donations or negotiate for the inclusion of the art amenity County staff, will identify the highest for public art received in conjunction loans of public art which are accepted by the as part of the site plan process. If public art priority projects. with a special exception project may is a component of the site plan, then the County, shall be spelled out in a mutually include funding for a specific art project Commission’s Public Art Committee shall 2. Special Exception Projects. In conjunction agreeable contract between the County and in a proposed development, funds for a review the public art proposal during or with Arlington’s site plan review process, the artist and the owner. Ownership of art project included in the Public Art Master subsequent to the public review process and the County may negotiate for the obtained through special exception projects Plan, or a contribution to support the may make recommendations to the County inclusion of public art as a component will be negotiated on a case-by-case basis. County’s public art program. Using the Board concerning the appropriateness of the of the site plan approval for a specific Public Art Master Plan as a guide, the public art proposal as part of the site plan. development. County may negotiate for any of these contributions in conjunction with the site plan approval process, as agreed to by the developer and the County.

154 Public Art Master Plan 155 C. Public Art Fund 12. ACCESSIONING AND DE-ACCESSIONING PUBLIC ART All funds for public art received by the County from any source other than the CIP Gift acceptance and placement of public of the County shall be deposited in a public art should be in accordance with historic art Trust and Agency account established by use or the Public Art Master Plan and should the County (“Public Art Fund”). The Public be in keeping with the County’s general Art Fund may be used to support County public art goals. The quality, scale, and Initiated Projects, as approved by the character of the gift should be appropriate County Board. The Public Art Fund shall to the particular setting. Donations of works be administered by the Department of that require the County to pay installation, Parks, Recreation, and Cultural Resources. framing, restoration, or repair are not encouraged. The County will evaluate 10. PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION such expenditures at the time the gift A. Program and Collection Management is considered. Works of art requiring high or excessive maintenance may be declined. The Department of Parks, Recreation and All donations of art must be reviewed Cultural Resources is responsible for the by the Commission and approved by the administration of the County’s Public Art County Board. In accordance with the Policy and the management of the County’s provisions of the Guidelines, the County public art inventory. shall de-accession and dispose of works B. Project Implementation Costs of art in its collection only when it finds such action to be in the public interest All costs of the public art program’s operating or as a means of improving the quality budget will be budgeted in conjunction with of the collection or public safety. Works the total cost of the annual program and of public art may be relocated or removed allocated from the annual appropriation. The if a gift or commissioned piece becomes costs may include: staffing, project consultant a hazard or liability or if the approved terms fees, administrative costs, programming of acceptance are not fulfilled. Works costs, project implementation costs and of public art sited on private property maintenance expenses. as special exception projects that becomes redeveloped will be conserved if possible 11. MAINTENANCE or replaced by new art work of comparable The County shall be responsible for the value at the developer’s expense. Works maintenance of County Initiated projects Untitled (mosaic medallions), of art that meet the definition for public Judy Stone, 2002, located created through this policy. All permanent art covered by this Policy but came in Bon Air Memorial Park. Photo courtesy of Arlington public art projects must have a plan that into existence prior to the adoption County. projects both staff time and funding needed of the Policy will be subject to this to properly maintain the work. Funds for the same de-accessioning procedure. maintenance of County Initiated Projects will be allocated as a portion of the public art program’s operating budget. Maintenance of public art in special exception projects will be negotiated on a case by case basis. Maintenance of public art donated to the County will be negotiated with the donor.

156 Public Art Master Plan 157 PROGRAM Eligible Projects Types of Public Art Projects Permanent or temporary • Integrated Artwork • Sculpture or two-dimensional works ɑ Retrofit into buildings, landscape, OVERVIEW infrastructure • Artist-designed facade or pavement ɑ Incorporated into new buildings, treatments landscape, infrastructure Program Areas Possible Locations for • Artist-designed or enhanced infrastructure • Design-Team Project (transit shelters, bridges, stormwater • Public Art and Civic Design Public Art features, etc.) • Functional Design Feature • Special Projects • County public buildings including libraries, fire stations, police stations, • Artist-designed interpretive features • Stand-Alone Artwork • Audience Engagement parks, and recreation facilities • Artist-designed environmental installations • Artist-in-Residence • Developer Projects • County-owned utility infrastructure, such • Artist-led community processes as stormwater retention areas, the Water • Temporary Exhibition or Installation • Community-Initiated Projects Pollution Control Plant and associated • Artworks in any other medium, including • Artist-Led Community Process- pump stations landscape, light, water, digital, sound Based Project or performance, that are original, site- Funding Sources • Transportation infrastructure owned specific creations for Public Art by the County, or whose improvement Artist Selection involves County funding or construction • County CIP projects that include management (VDOT, WMATA projects) Ineligible Projects Processes public art funding within overall project • Open competition planning and construction budgets • Publicly-owned property or property with • Interiors of private buildings public easements, including civic squares, • Invitational competition • “Area funds” supported by in-lieu cash streets, sidewalks, parks, and trails • Commercial expression, including contributions negotiated through the generic signs or identity markers • Direct selection site plan process • Facades of private buildings easily viewed by the public • Performances or events that are not site- • Qualifications-based process • Neighborhood Conservation funding specific, original and created by an artist • Privately-owned open space in a prominent, • Proposal-based process • Private or community funds may easily viewed, and/or accessible location • Wayfinding features not commissioned supplement funding sources through a public art process

• Creative placemaking or similar projects not developed through a public art process

158 Public Art Master Plan 159 PROGRAM TIMELINE

J. W. MAHONEY BOAZ VAADIA ART ATTACK INTERNATIONAL Named Stones The Family: Dominion Dum Bluemont Park, Boulevard Manor David, Haggit, Old Dominion Funded by Arlington County and the Virginia Temporary Commission for the Arts. and Adoniyya Funded by Arlington County. Rosslyn Funded by LaSalle Partners.

JIM SANBORN AURIEL BESSEMER Invisible Forces Agricultural Rosslyn & Industrial Funded by Weissberg Development Corporation. Scenes – Sketches of Virginia Joseph L. Fisher Post Office, Clarendon NANCY HOLT Funded by the Treasury Department’s Section of Fine Art. Dark Star Park Restoration funded by Keating Development Co. Rosslyn RODERICK TURNER Funded and developed with support from the National Endowment for the Arts, J.W. Kaempfer Company, Arlington County, Theodore Gould, Halls Hill Morris and Gwendolyn Cafritz Foundation, Halls Hill High View Park Marriott Corporation, Westfield Realty, Charles E. Smith Building Corporation, McDonald’s Funded by Arlington County. Corporation, Weissberg Development, Preston Construction Corporation, Charles and Smith MIRIAM SCHAPIRO CHRIS GARDNER Management, Geneva Associates. Anna and David Cupid’s Garden Rosslyn Rosslyn Funded by Joseph Kaempfer. Funded by LaSalle Partners.

1939 1984 1987 1989 1992 1994

160 Public Art Master Plan 161 County Board approves the first Public Art Policy.

Y. DAVID CHUNG Scenes of Rosslyn Rosslyn Metro Station, Rosslyn Funded by Arlington County, Federal Transit Administration’s Livable Communities Initiative, SAM CHRISTIAN HOLMES ED BISESE MICHAEL TOWNSEND, LISA FEDON WMATA, and Rosslyn Renaissance. STRUAN ASHBY & ERICA DUTHIE Eternal Truths Standing at Condensed History Tape Art: Dive Central Park, Clarendon Arlington Central Library, the Crossroads: Ellen M. Bozman Government Temporary Virginia Square Center, Courthouse Freedman’s Funded by Arlington County. Funded by Arlington County, Friends of the Village Gate Temporary Library, and the Campaign for Excellence. Funded by Arlington County. Gunston Theater II, ART ATTACK INTERNATIONAL Long Branch Creek ALBERTO GAITAN Vessel Previously installed in Ellipse Arts Center. Funded by Arlington County. Loci 1.0 Clarendon Cherrydale Temporary Temporary Funded by Arlington County. Funded by Arlington County.

BRECE HONEYCUTT Clean Out Your LINCOLN SCHATZ Files Day: KENDALL BUSTER endangered species JOACHIN ARAYA Fifi Pentagon City Untitled Ellen M. Bozman Government Aspects of Arlington Arlington County Courthouse, Funded by Post Properties, Federal Realty Courthouse Center, Courthouse Investment Trust (FRIT) and Riverhouse. Temporary Courthouse Funded by Bell Atlantic (Verizon). Funded by Arlington County. Funded by Arlington County.

BRECE HONEYCUTT ALFREDO RATINOFF at Table The Triumph Arlington Arts Center, Virginia Square of Literature Temporary Columbia Pike Branch Library, Arlington Heights Collaboration with students Nick Barbee, Molly Cross-Cole, Sophia Kelly, Eliza Smith Langhans, Collaboration with ArtsWork program Macon Reed, and James Sullivan. and Arlington youth. Funded by Arlington County. Funded by Arlington County. 1995 1997 1998 1999 2000

162 Public Art Master Plan 163 PRESTON SAMPSON TOM ASHCRAFT & Y. DAVID CHUNG PRESTON SAMPSON Etched Glass Continuum Etched Glass Bus Bus Shelter and Reposto Shelter (Virginia (Cherrydale 1) Rosslyn Hospital Center 2) Arlington Heights Funded by the Donohoe Companies, Inc. High View Park and Twin Oak LLC. Collaboration with ArtsWork program Collaboration with ArtsWork program and Arlington youth. and Arlington youth. Funded by Arlington County. Funded by Arlington County.

TOM ASHCRAFT & Y. DAVID CHUNG BRYAN KING NED KAHN JUDY STONE Greetings From Liquid Pixels PRESTON SAMPSON Untitled Mosaic Untitled Clarendon Rosslyn Virginia Square Metro Plaza, Etched Glass Medallions Virginia Square Columbia Lodge Masonic Building, Funded by Steuart Investment Company and JBG Smith. Bus Shelter Bon Air Memorial Park Collaboration with SmithGroup architects Clarendon Rose Garden, Bluemont and Stephenson & Good landscape architects Temporary (Clarendon 1) Funded by Arlington County. Funded by the Donohoe Companies, Inc. Funded by Arlington Arts Commission, Clarendon Arlington Heights Alliance, Walsh Colucci Law Firm, Ed Peete, Buck & Associates Realty. Collaboration with ArtsWork program and Arlington youth. Funded by Arlington County. NANCY HOLT Restoration of Dark Star Park Rosslyn

WENDY ROSS

PRESTON SAMPSON Bud/Blossom Etched Glass Ballston JORGE LUIS SOMARRIBA Funded by Monument Realty, LLC. Buckingham Mural Bus Shelter Glebe Market, Buckingham (Buckingham 5) Temporary PRESTON SAMPSON Buckingham LIZ CANNER Funded by Buckingham Youth Brigade. Etched Glass Collaboration with ArtsWork program and Arlington youth. Moving Visions Funded by Arlington County. Bus Shelter Netherlands Carrilon, Marine Corps Memorial, Court House CAMILLE GUSTUS (Arlington Heights 1) Arlington Heights Metro and Shirlington Cineplex MOLLY ROSS Prestissimo Collaboration with ArtsWork program Odeon exterior wall Pentagon City Metro Station, and Arlington youth. Rising Relics Temporary Pentagon City Funded by Arlington County. Gulf Branch Nature Center, Funded by Arlington County, the National Temporary Endowment for the Arts, and Virginia Old Glebe Commission for the Arts. Collaboration with ArtsWork program Collaboration with ArtsWork program and Arlington youth. and Arlington youth. Funded by Arlington County. Funded by Arlington County. 2001 2002 2003

164 Public Art Master Plan 165 County Manager approves Portable Works Collection the first Public Art begun for public locations Program guidelines. at Ellen M. Bozman Government Center.

AUSTIN THOMAS Dreamer, An Eyrie Perch WINNIE OWENS-HART JANN ROSEN QUERALT Clarendon Central Park, Clarendon County Board approves Temporary Public Art, Public Places, Memory Bricks Cultivus Loci: the Arlington Public Art Halls Hill/High View Park Suckahanna Master Plan. Funded by Arlington County. Powhatan Springs Park, Boulevard Manor Funded by Arlington County Deacessioned MARTHA JACKSON-JARVIS RAY KING Down Stream Flame SAM CHRISTIAN HOLMES Shirlington Library Ballston Funded by Arlington County, FRIT, Transwestern Funded by JBG Smith. Restoration of Monument Randolph Square LLC, and Shirlington Standing at HHG Hotel Development, LP.

the Crossroads LISA FEDON Restoration of Eternal Truths LOUIS COMFORT TIFFANY Resiting of Stained Glass Windows Arlington Arts Center, Virginia Square RICHARD CHARTIER & LAURA TRAVERSO WINNIE OWENS-HART Originally installed at Abbey Mausoleum (1930). The Family Transmission Arlington TV Studios, Courthouse Halls Hill/High View Park Funded by Arlington County. Funded by Arlington County. JACKIE FERRARA & M. PAUL FRIEDBERG Arlington Gateway Ballston ERWIN REDL Funded by JBG Smith and J.E. Roberts Companies. Flow Shirlington Library Funded by Arlington County, FRIT, Transwestern Monument Randolph Square LLC, Shirlington HHG Hotel Development, LP. 2004 2005 2006

166 Public Art Master Plan 167 BUTCH ANTHONY Bike Oasis Barcroft Park, Four Mile Run Funded by Arlington County, previously installed in Rosslyn.

KENDALL BUSTER WENDY ROSS Untitled Radiolaria Art Atrium at Bennett Park Art Atrium at Bennett Park Apartments, Rosslyn Apartments, Rosslyn Funded by Washington Realty Investment Trust. Funded by Washington Real Estate Investment Trust.

AURIEL BESSEMER Mural Exhibition Central Library, Virginia Square

GRAHAM CALDWELL JOHN DREYFUSS BRAD MORTON Up and Down Helix We the People East Falls Church Rosslyn Shirlington Funded by Silverwood Homes. Funded by Holladay Corporation. Funded by Ed Peete Company.

BONIFATIUS STIRNBERG Spielschiff (Play Ship) Maury Park, Virginia Square Funded by Arlington County.

FOON SHAM Aya Art Atrium at Bennett Park KOKORO CARVERS (B. AMORE & WOODY DORSEY), Apartments, Rosslyn Funded by Washington Real Estate Potomac Garden Investment Trust. Crystal City Funded by Crescent Resources, LLC.

WENDY M. ROSS As on a Darkling Plain TIM TATE Clarendon Transparent Funded by 2900 Clarendon Boulevard LLC. Tapestry Ballston 2006 2007 Funded by the Shoosan Company.

168 Public Art Master Plan 169 CLIFF GARTEN Public Art Program LARRY KIRKLAND Concept Approval co-hosts Americans Wonder Wander of Corridor of Light for the Arts Knowledge Center Park, Potomac Yard Rosslyn Exchange for public Funded by Meridian. art master planning.

LAURA JANE HAMILTON Paint the Town Clarendon Central Park, Clarendon JESUS MOROLES JASON HOROWITZ & MARY NOBLE OURS Temporary Courthouse Faces of Funded by Arlington County. River Plaza Sustainability Residence Inn, Courthouse Rosslyn JACK SANDERS (WITH BUTCH ANTHONY, Funded by the Donohoe Companies, Inc. Temporary photo projections in ROBERT GAY & LUCY BEGG) BRIAN BUCK, JANE JERARDI conjunction with FotoWeek DC & GINGER WAGG CO LED LISA SCHEER Funded by Arlington County. 2 Chance Rosslyn LOUIS COMFORT TIFFANY Naga Temporary Video-Dances Clarendon Funded by Arlington County. Clarendon Resited: Temporary Stained Glass Funded by B.F. Saul Companies. Commissioned by Transformer in collaboration with Ellipse Arts Center (Arlington County), Windows Clarendon Alliance and Mexicali Blues Restaurant. Westover Library Originally installed at Abbey Mausoleum. LOUIS COMFORT TIFFANY BRECE HONEYCUTT Resited: Spinning Session Stained Glass Arlington County Fair, Harvey Hall Community Center, Arlington Mill Window Skylight Community Center, Planet Fairlington Community Center Arlington World Music Festival, Originally installed at Abbey Mausoleum. and Ellipse Arts Center ROSEMARY COVEY Temporary The 0 Project Funded by Arlington County. Arlington Arts Center, Virginia Square LIZ LERMAN DANCE EXCHANGE Temporary Drift Collaboration with Arlington Arts Center. Resited: Granite Courthouse Farmers Market Funded by Arlington County. acroterion Temporary (dance performance) Westover Library Funded by Arlington County. Originally installed at Abbey Mausoleum.

2007 2008 2009 2010

170 Public Art Master Plan 171 DOUGLAS HOLLIS RICHARD DEUTSCH THOUGHTBARN J.J. MCCRACKEN VICKI SCURI Wave Arbor Echo Untitled the still point Arlington Boulevard Long Bridge Park, Crystal City Penrose Square, Columbia Pike (Wayfinding) Performance in Dark Star Park, Courthouse Funded by Arlington County. Rosslyn Funded by Arlington County, Monument Realty James Hunter Park, Clarendon Funded by Arlington County with Virginia and North Tract Lofts. Temporary Department of Transportation. Funded by Arlington County. Funded by Rosslyn Business Improvement District for SuperNOVA performance art festival.

LINN MEYERS CHRISTIAN MOELLER Untitled (Courthouse Quill Plaza Etched Glass) Dominion Energy Virginia Ellen M. Bozman Government Substation, Rosslyn Center, Courthouse Funded by Monday Properties. Funded by Arlington County.

ALEX BRADEN

TIMOTHY THOMPSON Piece and Quiet EVAN REED Historical Markers DOUG RETZLER Arlington County Public Libraries Dome Homes Gourd Palace Temporary (sound) Long Branch Nature Center Project Funded by Arlington County. Arlington Arts Center, Temporary Virginia Square Virginia Square Temporary Commissioned by Arlington County in collaboration Temporary with Arlington Arts Center, funded in part by the Collaboration with Arlington Arts Center. National Endowment for the Arts. Collaboration with Arlington Arts Center. Funded by Arlington Arts Center. Dark Star Park thirtieth anniversary BEN FEHRMANN With Dark Star Park Day proclamation. ballston* substation Clarendon Funded by Dominion Energy Virginia.

2011 2012 2013 2014

172 Public Art Master Plan 173 FRANK HALLAM DAY GRAHAM CORIELL-ALLEN Rosslyn Blossom County Ellen M. Bozman Government Wanderings Center, Courthouse Courthouse, Columbia Pike, Photo Series Lee Highway, Rosslyn Acquired for Portable Works Collection; Temporary originally commissioned by the Rosslyn Business Improvement District in 2014. Artist-led tours. BARBARA BERNSTEIN Connections Funded by Arlington County. Potomac Yard/Crystal City TEJO REMY & RENE VEENHUIZEN D.I.R.T. STUDIO CLIFF GARTEN Transitway Watermarks Gravity and Grace, Ripple Funded by Arlington County. SUSHMITA MAZUMDAR Water Pollution Control Plant, Four Mile Run (Corridor of Light - Four Mile Run Funded by Arlington County and the National HOME @Arlington Endowment for the Arts. Phase 1) Funded by Arlington County. 2017 Rosslyn Central Place Plaza Countywide Funded by JBG Smith and Arlington County. Temporary Artist-led community bookmaking project as part of the public engagement process for the Public Art Master Plan update process. Funded by Arlington County. Cards Against

Urbanity: Arlington VIVIAN BEER Edition Dressed Up Temporary and Pinned A Courthouse 2.0 project. Hyatt Place Hotel, Courthouse

Funded by the Schupp Companies. MMMM…

Meeting Bowls VISITING ARTIST AMOS KENNEDY Courthouse PHILLIP K. SMITH LINDA HESH Temporary Commemorating Line to Circle; Put the “I” into C_vic Funded by Arlington County. Arlington's Civil Arc Line Arc Courthouse, Virginia Square, Rights History Columbia Pike Metropolitan Park, Pentagon City County-wide, 2018-2021 Temporary Funded by Kettler. A collaboration with Arlington Art Truck, A Courthouse 2.0 project. Arlington Historic Preservation, Center for Local History Funded by Arlington County.

KIM A. O’CONNELL Echoes of Little Saigon Clarendon Temporary Funded by Arlington County. 2015 2016 2017 2018

174 Public Art Master Plan 175 MARC PEKALA Arlington Abstracted CLIFF GARTEN Pop-up Plaza at the Grove, Courthouse Luminous Bodies Temporary (Corridor of Light Funded by Arlington County. Phase 2) Rosslyn DAVID AND ELI HESS Funded by Arlington County. Fire Station 10 JOE O’CONNELL AND LISA SCHEER Public Art Project CREATIVE MACHINES DONALD LIPSKI Acanthus The Pike Rosslyn Rising Star Ballston Permanent Columbia Pike Funded by Penzance. Courthouse Funded by Saul Centers, Inc. Funded by Gables Residential. Funded by Arlington County.

MARK REIGELMAN

DAVID DE LA MANO Jennie Dean Park Change Begins Inside Public Art Project Lee Highway LARRY KIRKLAND Jennie Dean Park, Four Mile Run/ Temporary Fragments of Sky Shirlington Funded by Arlington County. Funded by the Lee Highway Alliance and Spain Arts & Culture. Potomac Yard, Central Park North WALTER HOOD Funded by Property Reserve, Inc. MICHAEL KALISH Town Square Floral Sky in Green Valley FOON SHAM THOUGHTBARN Market Common Clarendon Green Valley Funded by Regency Centers. Ridge Phantom Formwork Funded by Arlington County. Virginia Square Columbia Pike Funded by Arlington County and Amelia 2 L.C. Funded by Orr Partners. BLENDID Intersections DOUGLAS HOLLIS Ballston Metro Sky Column Funded by Arlington County, Ballston BID Long Bridge Park, Crystal City STUDIOTECHNE|ARCHITECTS Funded by Arlington County.

Ballston Quarter BARBARA BERNSTEIN Pedestrian Bridge Transit Shelters Ballston Quarter, Ballston Crystal City/Pentagon City Funded by Brookfield, QIC, Arlington County, Funded by Arlington County. Crimson Partners and The Penrose Group. 2019 2020 IN PROGRESS

176 Public Art Master Plan 177 178 19. 18. 17. 32. 30. 28. 21. 20. 16. 14. 10. 09. 08. 07. 05. 02. 01. 27. 22. 72. 65. 63. 59. 54 53. 51. 46. 44. 73. 61. 57. 55. 50. 47. 42. 38. COUNTY PROJECTS MAP COLLECTION

TRANSMISSION FLO UNTITLED ( MEMORY ETCHED ETCHED UNTITLED B RISING RELICS ETCHED ETCHED ETCHED THE TRIUMPH ETERNAL TR ASPEC ST CUPID’ NAMED S DARK – SKETCHES OF VIRGINIA HIST UNTITLED ( UNTITLED SPIELSCHIFF BIKE O DISSOL THE PIKE RIDGE ARLINGT WA CONNEC RIPPLE ARLINGT UNTITLED B ECHO UNTITLED WA GRANITE A STUDENTS BY PRESTON SAMPSON AND STUDENTS BY PRESTON SAMPSON AND STUDENTS BY PRESTON SAMPSON AND TIFFANY STUDIOS WINDOWS) BY LOUIS COMFORT STUDENTS BY WINNIE OWENS-HART AND AND STUDENTS ALBERTO RATINOFF AND STUDENTS ARAYA AND STUDENTS SAM CHRISTIAN HOLMES FREEDMAN’S VILLAGE GATE CHRIS GARDNER BY AURIEL BESSEMER PRESTON SAMPSON AND STUDENTS PRESTON SAMPSON AND STUDENTS HOLLIS* BY MARK PEKALA VEENHUIZEN TIFFANY STUDIOS WINDOWS) BY LOUIS COMFORT STIRNBERG BERNSTEIN TIFFANY STUDIOS WINDOWS) BY LOUIS COMFORT AND LAURA TRAVERSO ANDING AT THE CROSSROADS: TERMARKS VE ARBOR W ORICAL AND INDUSTRIAL SCENES BY STAR PARK BY ERWIN REDL TS OF ARLINGTON ASIS KIOSK B S GARDEN VING COLUMN BY Y FOON SHAM TIONS GLASS BUS SHELTER GLASS BUS SHELTER GLASS BUS SHELTER GLASS BUS SHELTER BY GLASS BUS SHELTER BY ON BOULEVARD BRICKS AND THE FAMILY ON ABSTRACTED RICHARD DEUTSCH TONES B SAND GLASS (STAINED B TEJOREMY AND RENE Y DONALD LIPSKI* CROTERION BY UNKNOWN STAINEDGLASS STAINEDGLASS Y LINN MEYERS Y JUDY STONE Y THOUGHTBARN UTHS BY BY DOUGLAS HOLLIS OF LITERATURE BY D.I.R.T. STUDIO BY BARBARA B

BY J.W. MAHONEY BY RICHARD CHARTIER BONIFATIUS Y MOLLY ROSS BY BY NANCY HOLT BY LISA FEDON BY BUTCH ANTHONY

BY DOUGLAS

BY VICKI SCURI BY JOACHIN

, , BY

BY

34. 71. 70. 69. 68. 66. 62. 58. 56. 49. 45. 41. 40. 36. 35. 33. 31. 29. 26. 25. 24. 23. 15. 13. 11. 06. 77. 76. 74. 67. 60. 48. 43. 39. 37. 04. 03. 79.BARBARA BERNSTEIN, CRYSTAL 75. DEVELOPER PROJECTS

FLORAL AC FRAGMENTS PHANTOM RISING S BALLST (CORRIDOR OF LIGHT, PHASE ONE) GRAVIT DRESSED ARC LINE QUILL NAG WONDER COUR TRANSPARENT RADIOLARIA AYA UNTITLED B AS WE THE POT HELIX UP AND FLAME DOWN ARLINGT BUD / UNTITLED B CONTINUUM LIQUID PIXELS UNTITLED B FIFI THE F INVISIBLE FORCES ANNA AND MARK REIGELMAN JOHN ROBINSON DA CORRIDOR OF LIGHT CALDWELL KIRKLAND* THOUGHTBARN BY CLIFF GARTEN BY VIVIAN BEER KIRKLAND BY TIM TATE CARVERS JACKSON-JARVIS M. PAUL FRIEDBERG BY JACKIE FERRARA AND Y. DAVID CHUNG ASHCRAFT, Y. DAVID CHUNG SQUARE, STATION 10ARTWORK* BRIDGE BY STUDIOTECHNE BY PHILLIP K. SMITH III JESUS MORALES WENDY ROSS SCHAPIRO SHELTERS* CITY / PENTAGON BUS CITY PARK ARTWORK* GARTEN* ON A DARKLING PLAIN ANTHUS VID HESS AND ELI HESS, FIRE BY OMAC GARDEN BY A THOUSE RIVER PLAZA BY LISA SCHEER BLOSSOM AMILY BY STREAM B B FOON SHAM LINCOLN SCHATZ Y AND GRACE DOWN PEOPLE SKY BY MICHAEL KALISH* Y JOHN DREYFUSS ON QUARTER PEDESTRIAN TAR BY WALTER HOOD* WANDER Y RAY KING ARC, LINE TO CIRCLE ON GATEWAY CHRISTIAN MOELLER UP AND PINNED FORMWORK DAVID BY LISA SCHEER BY BOAZ VAADIA , REPOSTO B OF SKY Y KENDALL BUSTER Y TOM ASHCRAFT, Y KENDALL BUSTER BY JOE O’CONNELL BY GRAHAM Y WENDY ROSS BY NED KAHN BY MARTHA TAPESTRY BY WENDY ROSS BY BRAD MORTON , JR., TOWN BY MIRIAM BY LARRY BY KOKORO BY B , JENNIE DEAN BY LARRY B Y JIM SANBORN

Y CLIFF BY

BY TOM BY

BY

BY

* 78. 64. 52. 12. OTHER PROJECTS IN PR PLAN ADOPTION

INTERSECTIONS CHANGE BEGINS BALLST SCENES OF BY DAVID DE LA MANO BY BEN FEHRMANN BY Y. DAVID CHUNG OGRESS AT TIME OF ON*SUBSTATION ROSSLYN B INSIDE Y BLENDID*

33 47 46 20 27 05 17 Public ArtMaster Plan 64 19 72 31 26 70 78 25 66 43 10 16 65 21 24 42 38 28 52 54 01 68 37 49 71 04 18 30 45 22 60 51 14 29 32 77 44 09 53 76 55 36 34 13 63 75 41 39 67 03 40 23 06 07 56 74 62 02 12 15 08 11

RICHMOND HIGHWAY 78 57 58 78 61 59 59 59 48 RICHMOND HIGHWAY 59 59 69 78 59 35 59 78 50 73 179

RICHMOND HIGHWAY MASTER PLAN CONSULTANT: TODD W. BRESSI / PUBLIC ART, PLACEMAKING, CITY DESIGN

MASTER PLAN DESIGN: J2

PREPARED FOR ARLINGTON COUNTY

ADOPTED BY THE ARLINGTON COUNTY BOARD [DATE]