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Copyright © 2019 Paul Harrison Randlett All Rights Reserved. the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary Has Permission to Repr Copyright © 2019 Paul Harrison Randlett All rights reserved. The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary has permission to reproduce and disseminate this document in any form by any means for purposes chosen by the Seminary, including, without limitation, preservation or instruction. TRAINING WORSHIP LEADERS THROUGH THE WORSHIP WARS: A STUDY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIBERTY UNIVERSITY’S UNDERGRADUATE MUSIC AND WORSHIP LEADERSHIP DEGREE PROGRAMS FROM 1971 TO 2018 __________________ A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary __________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy __________________ by Paul Harrison Randlett December 2019 APPROVAL SHEET TRAINING WORSHIP LEADERS THROUGH THE WORSHIP WARS: A STUDY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIBERTY UNIVERSITY’S UNDERGRADUATE MUSIC AND WORSHIP LEADERSHIP DEGREE PROGRAMS FROM 1971 TO 2018 Paul Harrison Randlett Read and Approved by: __________________________________________ Esther R. Crookshank (Chair) __________________________________________ Joseph R. Crider __________________________________________ Thomas W. Bolton Date______________________________ To my dear wife, Jenny, who faithfully supported me through the highs and lows of pursuing this degree. And, to my Lord and Savior Jesus Christ—to God alone be the Glory! TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................. ix PREFACE .......................................................................................................................... xi Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................1 Thesis ..................................................................................................................1 Argument and Research Questions .....................................................................2 NASM Conference Papers on the Professional Preparation of Church Musicians, 1971-2011 .................................................................................4 NASM, the Market, and Change ................................................................6 NASM Purposes and Standards for Liberal Arts and Professional Worship Degrees .........................................................18 NASM Summary ......................................................................................21 Studies Addressing Worship Leader Competencies: 1970-present ..........22 Methodology and Methodological Models .......................................................27 A Summary of the History of Research ............................................................30 Significance of the Thesis for the Field of Study ..............................................33 Definition of Terms ...........................................................................................34 Overview of Chapters 2 through 8 ....................................................................38 2. HISTORY OF THE INSTITUTION ....................................................................40 Introduction .......................................................................................................40 The Life of Dwight L. Moody...........................................................................41 The Rise of Fundamentalism and the Bible College Movement ......................44 iv Chapter Page The American Bible College ....................................................................52 Early Biography of Jerry Falwell Sr. through c. 1950 ......................................56 Jerry Falwell as Pastor ..............................................................................58 Jerry Falwell as Educator ..........................................................................60 Jerry Falwell as Political Activist .............................................................62 Dwight L. Moody and Jerry Falwell compared ................................................69 A Dream and Its Implementation ......................................................................71 Liberty University: Another Ministry of Thomas Road Baptist Church ..........73 Historical Overview ..........................................................................................76 Regional Accreditation .............................................................................82 Leadership Changes, 1971-2018 ..............................................................86 Institutional Growth, 1971-2018 ..............................................................89 Finances, 1971-2018 .................................................................................90 The Old Time Gospel Hour ......................................................................92 Religious/Cultural Policy Changes ...........................................................94 Summary ...........................................................................................................96 3. LIBERTY UNIVERSITY AND THE WORSHIP WARS: THE CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL CONTEXT FOR THE LU MUSIC AND WORSHIP PROGRAMS .......................................................97 Introduction .......................................................................................................97 Historical Worship Influences Prior to the Jesus Movement ............................98 The Influence of Pentecostalism ...............................................................99 The Youth for Christ Movement ............................................................102 Vatican II: 1962-1965 .............................................................................104 Charismatic Renewal and the Jesus Movement ..............................................107 Charismatic Renewal ..............................................................................108 The Jesus Movement: San Francisco ......................................................111 v Chapter Page The Jesus Movement: Southern California .............................................112 Maranatha! Music ...................................................................................120 Praise and Worship: What's the Difference? ..........................................123 The "Temple Worship" Model of Pentecostal Worship .........................125 Introduction to CCM and CWM .....................................................................127 Contemporary Christian Music ...............................................................128 Contemporary Worship Music ...............................................................131 The "Worship Wars" .......................................................................................138 4. INSTITUTIONAL CHANGES AT LIBERTY UNIVERSITY AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE WORSHIP PROGRAM .........................................141 Introduction .....................................................................................................141 Shift from Bible College to Christian Liberal Arts Philosophy ......................141 Relaxing the Doctrinal Position Regarding the Charismatic Movement .....................................................................144 Shift from Faculty to Student-led Worship in Chapel/Convocation ...............146 From Rags to Riches .......................................................................................149 Department of Worship and Music Ministry Created .....................................151 Change in Institutional Leadership .................................................................153 Summary .........................................................................................................156 5. HISTORY OF CURRICULA AND DEGREE PROGRAMS: 1971-1997 ...........................................................................................................159 Introduction .....................................................................................................159 Historical Overview ........................................................................................159 Philosophy, Objectives and Entrance Requirements ..............................160 The Period: 1978-1997 ...........................................................................162 Ten-Year Academic Plan: 1976-1986 .............................................................164 Curricular Revisions........................................................................................167 vi Chapter Page Music Faculty Credentials: 1971-1997 ...........................................................177 Faculty Tension Regarding the Training of Music Ministers .........................181 Facilities and Resources ..................................................................................186 Significant Personnel: 1971-1997 ...................................................................191 Summary .........................................................................................................194 6. HISTORY OF CURRICULA AND DEGREE PROGRAMS: 1997-2005 ...........................................................................................................196 Introduction .....................................................................................................196 Music Ministry Training: 1994 and Following ...............................................198 Track 1: Curricular Discussions within the Department of Fine
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