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The Settlement of Teton Valley, Idaho-Wyoming

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The Settlement of Teton Valley, Idaho-Wyoming Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive Theses and Dissertations 1974 The Settlement of Teton Valley, Idaho-Wyoming David Brooks Green Brigham Young University - Provo Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd Part of the History Commons, Mormon Studies Commons, and the Sociology Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Green, David Brooks, "The Settlement of Teton Valley, Idaho-Wyoming" (1974). Theses and Dissertations. 4727. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4727 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. THE sfttiinhsettlementT OF TETtemonTETONON VALLEY IDAHO WYOMING A thesis presented to the department of geography brighamB r ighambigham young university in partial fulfillmentfulfillynent of the requirements for the degree master of science by D brooks green this thesis by D brooks green is accepted in its present form by the department of geography of brigham young university as satisfying the thesis requirement for the degree of master of science 1 1 L waw& eiaelaLIA X 1 1 X y richardurfaH jackson cammicommiconmiiuteewae3e chairman 1 L AAAy L 1 1 i yuj alan H grey committecommittee meermepioer te aa7aaa roberi 1 lilILL a on depai6twnt rronaron 11 TABLE OF CONTENTS page PREFACE 0 0 0 0 0 0 viii LIST OF TABLES v LIST OF illustrations vi chapter I1 introduction 1 historical geography methods overview II11 GENERAL GEOGRAPHY OF TETON BASIN INDIAN CONTACT WITH HOLE iliIII111 PIERRES 0 20 IV EXPLORERS TRAPFERSTRAFFERS TRADERS AND OTHER OCCUPANTS 373 introduction the explorers the first visitor major andrew henry hunt and the astoriansastorianoAstorians the trappers further contacts summary V THE REACTION OF THE OCCUPANTS TO THE environment e 0 9 9 e 9 9 e e 9 e 61 landscape vegetation and soils climatic conditions wildlife drainage and associated vegetation summary VI THE EARLY settlement OF PIERRESRRE S HOLE 700 iii chapter page VII MAKING THE LAND productive agricultural development 88 introduction initial perception and occupance the beginnings of farm and home life irrigation outside landholders perceptual change VIII industiralINDUSTIRAL development 99 IX CONYWITYCOMMUNITY AND VILLAGE DEVELOPdevelopmentENT 103 X MORMON WLUEIJCEINFLUENCE ON settlementSETTUMENT 112525 XI NEW ATTEMPTS AT settlement 140 SSUMMARY e e 1 XII ubiarUWIAR 9 e e e 0 0 0 151 bibliography 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 156 iv LISLISTT OF tabtTABITABLES table page 1 temperature and precipitation at driggs idaho 9 17I1 2 probabilities of last freezing temperatures in the spring and first in the fall at driggs idaho 0 0 19 3 population and agricultural statistics 0 0 142 v LIST OF illustrations figure page 1 location of teton valley 0 0 10 2 general land classification 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 11 3 physical features surrounding the teton area a e 0 9 12 4 the three tetonstemons 0 0 0 10 0 0 1 5 kinds of regolith in which the soils of the teton area formed 0 0 Is 0 0 0 41 0 a 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 15 6 tribe locations 0 9 0 0 e 0 e e 0 21 7 reservations 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32 808 routes of stuart runthunthunti and lewis and clark 0 e e 0 43 map 16 9 early showing possible route taken by coltercolteriter 0 0 Is 43 10 major fur trapping areas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 45 lialla11011 possible rendezvous and battle site of 1832 0 0 0 55 12 idaho state development 0 0 0 0 G 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 71 13 county development 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0a 0 0 74 14 original homestead locations 0 0 0 0 11 0 1 0 0 0 79 15 original townsitesTownsites and dates of dedication 0 0 e e 9 0 122 16 location of settlements 0 10 Is a 0 0 0 4 a 0 0 0 123 17 the mormon culture region 0 0 0 a e e 127 18 street and block layout of victor idaho 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 135 19 street and block layout of tetoniacetoniaTe tonia idaho 0 a 4 0 0 0 0 135 20 the driggs townsite 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 a 0 0 136 vi figure page 21 valley population e e 9 142 22 village population 1 0 10 143 23 number of farms 0 0 1 0 0 1 143 24 average farm size 9 9 9 9 e 144 25 location of new settlements 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 146 26 community street and block patterns 0 1 1 0 0 a 148 27 community street and block patterns 1 149 28 floor plan for the central hall house e 9 0 0 150 29 the hay derrick e e e e 0 150 viivil PREFACE man has always been the most interesting creature living in the earth space and has certainly had the most profound influence on it the study of mans interaction with that earth space or geography is therefore one of the most stimulating disciplines taught in our present day school system although few haveinave discovered it A vast field has been opened to those who want to learn why various phenomena are where they are and what man has had to play in it techniques such as remote sensing aerial photography and comeomcomputercomputorputor and statistical analysis make the discipline more exciting and has opened up many new approaches for the geographer to study the surface of the earth and its leading character this study will add to the understanding of the reader concern- ing the settlement of the west while looking at the past geographies of teton valley idaho more than this however it is hoped that this geographical study may open other possible avenues for further research and study gratitude is therefore extended to those who stimulated nwmy in- terest in geography and also in teton valley first of all to my par- ents mr and mrs oscar C green who were living in the valley at the time of rwny birth and gave me the opportunity to pursue nymy various in- tereststerests also to the many people who over the years have aided me in my decision to become a geographer viii special mention is made of those who instructed and taught and associated with me while in school in particular the members of the geography faculty and especially dr richard jackson my graduate ad- visor who gave freely of his time and intelligence tribute is also paid to dr alan grey who offered many suggestions as this study was being completed A sincere appreciation goes to PUry mother who obtained information for me when I1 was unable to get it because of distance and time and also to other members of my family who may have contributed to the effort most of all however I1 am grateful to rwmy wife kathleen for her help in proofreading and typing and the other endless tasks completed by her IX chapter I1 introduction historical geography to really understand the present geographic conditions exist- ing in a specific spacialspacielunit a detailed examination of the past geo- graphiesgraphies as they developed through time is necessary A study of this type has been termed historical geography in that it examines change through time in space historical geography then helps to show the significance of past geographic conditions in the interpretation of present geographic conditions 111l As richanirichardrichand hartshorneHartshomeshomo put it each past period had its then present geography and the comparitivecomparativecomparitive study of the different geographies through successive periods of time depicts the changing geography of an area thereby the historical dimension 0 of time is combined with the dimensions of space 2 the historical tradition in geography is very old it has been noted that many geographical overtones are found in the works of sev- eral ancient historians for example in homers poems one can detect some attempt to reconstruct the past3pasta herodotus and strabo as well harianlharlancharlanharlan H barrows geography as human ecology annals of the association of american Geographergeographersst 13 march 1923 11 here- after referred to as the annals p arichard2richardrichardriehardhartshorne perspective on the nature of geography chicago rand mcnally co 11959759 P 84 3preston E james and clarence F jones american geography InventinventoryolyoEy and prospectpros new york syracuse university press 19519195454 P 74 1 2 never limited their works to only history but delved into the geo- graphical past 1 real attempts at writing historical geography how- ever did not come until the lathl6th16th century with philipp cluverius he was perhaps the first to deliberately attempt to write an historical geography and in 1616 he published a book on the historical geography r of germany 2 alexander von humboldt and carl ritter the fathers of modern geography never really contributed to the writing of historical geo- graphy but on one occasion ritter did deal with the historical back 0 ground of certain plants and animals 3 with the coming forth of the thoughts that surrounded charles carwinsdarwinsDarwins evolutionary theory a new type of historical geography carobcamecaroecamme into being the ideas of environ- mental determinism were put forth by such writers as charles lyell 4 johann gottfried von herder and H T buckle after the deterministic approach had died down and the reaction to it had set in more objective writings began to appear in the realm of historical geography paul M J vidal de la blache has been given the credit with developing a more balanced and objective approach to the study of past geography 5 many countries have produced several historical geographers such as great britain who had men come forth such as halford J mackinder gordon east and H clifford darby ibidbid brestonpreston E james all possible worlds new yorkyorki bobbs merrillmerrillcoco
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