Our Furnaced Planet & , Man of Calpe

Fig.1, S5. Charcoal burning bright in a narghile's bowl. Photo: therook315.deviantart.com

"It is a confoundyous injective so to say, Shaun the fiery boy shouted, naturally incensed, as he shook the red pepper out of his auricles. And another time please confine your glaring in- tinuations to some other mordant body. What on the physiog of this furnaced planet would I be doing besides your verjuice? That is more than I can fix, for the teom bihan, anyway". (412.13-18)

I propose that my readings of the above passage, well along in the book, are related and complementary. I will use them to expose the imaginary, limestone Hercules colossus, with club, lion pelt, and oranges; emergent, towering at the embouchure of the Liffey. The Farnese Hercules1 of our "furnaced2 planet", this man of Calpe, for that is the name of the local Dublin limestone, is an example of a re-occurring theme in Finnegans Wake with a primary scene at the beginning of the work (approx. pp. 627-004). This essay was written as an accompaniment to Under the Astrolabe with Hercules3. First, the readings:

Reading 1 "GLARING", a young, shining Shaun shouts invectives, injections, and ejections. He's fiery, incensed with anger (L. "Here is a small burnt patch of flooring; here incendo), aromatic (L. incensum) with rage, is the tinder from a little bundle of burnt shaking red pepper (hot by nature and paper, but not so light as usual, seeming to be coloured danger-hot), brazen, popping, steeped in something; and here is—is it the cinder of a small charred and broken log of yellow-orange embers, from behind the wood sprinkled with white ashes, or is it coal auricles of his heart/from about the ? O Horror, he is here! and this, from which auricles of his ears: stewing and fuming- we run away, striking out the light and overturning one another into the street, is all steam and smoke and so on. Naturally that represents him." Bleak House p.320. incensed? 4 Tin of mom's Phillips' Shaun? Fig. 2. Guppy finds Krook spontaneously What does he mean "doing their combusted.4 "Bleakrooks" (40.30) verjuice"? Bile? Something sexual, seedy ejaculation? Is "verjuice" verge juice (verge Fr. for yard, yerd, the male member). Or is it cheap wine ("verjuice"/vert jus, wine from too green pressed grapes). Is it

1 Marble after a by (c.390 BC) retrieved in 1546 from Caracalla's Baths, (216 AD) and used as a garden gnome by Cardinal Alessandro Farnese. 2 The Irish accent has "furnaced" pronounced closer to farnace than firnace. 3 Paré, D.G., 2013. Under the Astrolabe with Hercules. fuyublog.wordpress.com, 16 p. 4 Dickens, Charles, 1853. Bleak House, Bradbury & Owens, London, 624p.

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Shaun's nature to be angry, smelly, and fuming? I don't follow the Doodle family much. As for the portmanteau "Confoundyous", Joyce passes from confoundment by a con fou, (Fr. for crazy .... ) or dummy (from cunny) to a "you" which becomes "us" in "yous" similar to 3rd person plural inventions such as "you all". Or is it ewes found by a con or con.

Reading 2 STAND BACK from the aisle, between the pews and watch an alter boy, bowl of incense in hand, follow a thurifer with censer at the end of a slightly bent arm, his right; garlands of chains grouped in the other hand, his left; smoking mass swinging slowly, sweetly, back and forth, with silver's heft giving a slight jerk as the momentum of the orb lourdily reaches the end of its arc, smoke pouring through its fretwork: the little furnace's orifices. Inside, the small grains of bright, dried tree resin, greesy Fig. 3. The Botafumeiro, lustre, red dye fixed (Fr. "mordant" Santiago de Compostela. 412.16 and "more than I can fix" 412.18), looking a little like coarsely ground, hot, red pepper; underlain by the black, red corpuscle shaped, white ashed charcoal, the grains smolder, melt, and sublimate. The incense drifts up.

Reading 3 AS IF to evoke impressions of similar processes to those of a censer, on a much larger scale, Joyce appears to describe the earth telling us to "please confine your glaring in-tinuations to some other mordant body"(412.16). Its orbit follows a similar circular trajectory as a swinging censer, although following through and completing its trajectory, Fig. 4. Eruption at Cotopaxi. Edwin admittedly slightly elliptical, all in Church, 1865. being naturally incensed. Our furnaced planet has a hot nickel core wrapped in its magma sludge blanket oozing and fuming from its pustulated "physiog", its geomorphologic face. The incensory (censer) too has a little, glaring furnace in the form of a red hot, charcoal that allows the incense to smoulder aromatically. You can buy these special charcoals at church supply stores or at Middle Eastern groceries where the exact same charcoals are sold for hookahs, the tentacled furnaces meant for smoking tobacco, hashish, or opium. Finally, "furnaced planet" may refer to the

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furnaces heating houses on the planet. The Hercules Furnace Company made a popular furnace about 1890 to 1940.

More volcanoes and other smoking materials In another scene, where Joyce draws parallels between war and volcanogenic processes, he also alludes to the narghile5 or water pipe in a rather indirect manner: Docetism and " Match of a matchness, like your Bigdud dadder Didicism, Maya- in the boudeville song, Gorotsky Gollovar's Thaya. Tamas- Troubles, raucking his flavourite turvku in Rajas-Sattvas. the smukking precincts of lydias, 2 with Mary Owens and Dolly Monks seesidling to edge his cropulence and Blake-Roche, Kingston and Dockrell auriscenting him from afurz, our papacocopotl, 3 Abraham Bradley King? (ting ting! ting ng!) By his magmasine fall. Lumps, lavas and all.4 Bene! But, thunder and turf, it's not alover yet! One recalls Byzantium. The mystery repeats itself todate as our callback mother Gaudyanna," (fw294.21-33)

2 A vagrant need is a flagrant weed. 3 Grand for blowing off steam when you walk up in the morning.

"Mary Owen" and "Dolly Monks", above, echo Garry Owen and Dollymount just as on p.147.32.6 The first, a Calvary ditty and regimental anthem (Garryowen); a side saddling woman, George Eliot, nom de plume of Mary Evens; or Mary "laudanum" Owens, Lincoln's Belle (see "Abraham" 294.28). The second, Dollymount, the beach behind the North wall of the terrible prongs at the mouth of the Liffey; a 7th Calvary Regiment, U.S. Army (also known as Garry Owen) horse named Dandy, General "blow-me-up" Custer's mount to be exact; and an Irish Hero who's lithoportrait hangs from the Sandycove giant's girdle (U. 281.29)7, another colossus perhaps (See Fig. Sup. 14).

After a bit of ephemeral mammalian history, with a heavy emphasis on colonization, Joyce transitions to the more enduring, planetary history. From the excrement signaled by "cropulence", a melding of coprolites (fossilized feces), corpulence, and crap, through a process of "auriscenting" for fireworks, the oriflamme, ordinance, pyroclastics, and aroma. All under the paternal eye of the Popocatépetl ("papacocopotl") Volcano, Pueblo, Mexico. Note too "magmasine" forming up

5 Quickly surveying "we certney like gurgles love the nargleygargley so, arrah-beejee, tell that old frankay boyuk to bellows upthe tombucky in his tumtum argan" (230.31- 33) we see the "gurgles", "nargleygargley" (the hookha and its noise), "frankay boyuk" a reference to cigars, "bellows" and the slick "tombucky" (tobacky on the raft and Becky Thatcher). "argan", an edible Moroccan/Algerian oil. 6 Paré, D.G., 2013. Custard, War on the Plains. www.fuyublog.wordpress.com, 14 p. 7 Joyce, James, 1922. Ulysses. The Bodley Head, London, 742 p.

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magma and magazine (big and small); lava; "mother Gaudyanna" or Gondwana, motherland land of the Gonds:

"a large tract of hilly country in India which roughly corresponds with the greater part of the present Central Provinces. It is derived from the aboriginal tribe of Gonds, who still form the largest element in the population and who were at one time the ruling power. Gondwana was thus included in the dominions of the 8 Bhonsla raja of Nagpur, from whom it finally passed to the British in 1853."

Gondwana is also the ancient, post-Carboniferous super continent of the Pangaea mother world splitting into little continents: thunder and turf and lava, and so on. Ting! ting! ting! Ting the bombletes ting!

The hookah barely peeps through with the help of words such Fig. 5. A Gentleman With His Hookah- as "match", "Bigdud dadder" pointing to exotic Bagdad, and a Burdar, or Pipe-Bearer. Doyley, C. 1813. The European in India. London, 149 p. traveller to strange places smoking until "raucking" (Fr. rauque Scan: D.G Paré for hoarse) his flavourful, favourite Turkish tobacco (Latakia) in Lydian cafés in Anatolia. Note 1's flagrant vagrant with his fragrant weed and note 2's blowing off steam also support smoking.

Farnese Hercules emerges All very fine, perhaps even reasonable as readings go, but where is the Farnese Hercules? Has Joyce, on p. 412 and about the book, built up a sense of a Hercules emerging from the text, the earth, the Liffey in our dreams, the Liffey in Heaven? Bearing in mind that Joyce uses any means, logical or hardly explainable, to evoke an image, the device here seems to associate "furnaced planet" or the Farnese Hercules with Atlas and Atlas with planet and back around. Please hold these thoughts or a minute.

Fig. 6a. Farnese Hercules, Roman copy of bronze by Lysippos, Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Napoli; b. Sandow as Hercules; c. Leopold Bloom's exercise manual.

The Farnese Hercules is a marble (metamorphosed limestone) statue excavated from the ruins of the Baths of Caracula, Rome, in 1546 and exposed in the gardens of Cardinal Alessandro

8 Gondwana”. Encyclopædia Britannica 1911. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., New York, vol. 12.

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Farnese of Parma. Note the Apples of the in his right hand. These, according to much speculation, are oranges obtained from the daughters of Hesperus, momentarily and improperly protected, by Atlas while Hercules temporarily relieved him of his burden, our planet... and very soon after, the oranges were regained through more trickery. "where oranges have been laid to rust upon the green" (003.23-24). For many, this statue, or various images of, such as the print by Hendrick Golthius, form the basis for calling up the image of Hercules. For an appreciation of its variations and influence over the years one has only to use a search engine to dredge the net for images of the "Farnese Hercules". See in the examples represented in Fig. 6b, S. 2, and S. 9. Always, with Joyce, we find ourselve having to make an intuitive statistical test to calcute the per-sense error in concluding what he knew about what. For example, Bloom in Joyce's Ulysses, while avoiding, but thinking often, if not at length, of his predicament as cuckolded, thinks of his Sandow exercise book at least six times during the day9. Is he reflecting: maybe if I were in better shape? Maybe if I was more intimidating? Or is it only a narcisitic wish for beauty. Did he know of Sandow's Farnese Hercules pose showing his perfect Grecien form based on measurements from the Farnese statue? (Fig. 6a) Bloom brought back a marble statuette of Narcissus Molly tells us (U18.1347, Fig. S13). Joyce knew of Sandow's Hercules pose, he mentions it in Finnegans Wake:

"Fluminian! If this was Hannibal's walk it was Hercules' work. And a hungried thousand of the unemancipated slaved the way. The mausoleum lies behind us (O Adgigasta, multipopulipater!)" (081.3-5) where "sand o" (Sandow) appears five words after Hercules ("sand o" occurs four times in the Wake) and is entwined with hunger, population, diaspora, emigration, and fluvial themes.

However, the Farnese Hercules is perhaps best seen here, at the mouth of the Liffey, in the Finnegans wake: “Fulvia Fluvia, iddle woman to the plusneeborn, ever did ensue tillstead the things that pertained unto fairnesse, this wharom I am fawned on, that which was loost.” 547.05

“and did raft her flumingworthily and did leftlead her overland the pace, from lacksleap up to liffsloup, tiding down, as portreeve should, whimpering by Kevin's creek and Hurdlesford and Gardener's Mall, long rivierside drive, embankment large, to Ringsend Flott and Ferry, where she began to bump a little bit, my dart to throw: and there, by wavebrink, on strond of south, with mace to masthigh,” 547.15

9 "Must begin again those Sandow's exercises. On the hands down."(U 4:234) "shave that but cured the stitch. Must take up Sandow's exercises again." (U 15:199) "abandoned, prescribed in Eugen Sandow's Physical Strength and How To Obtain it" (U 17:589) "Physical Strength and How to Obtain it by Eugen Sandow (red cloth)."(U 17:1397).  

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Here, the two themes of Dublin fluvial geography, and heroes and warriors, are particularly rich. Some of the fluvial can be seen through Fluvia, raft, fluming, lacksleap, liffsloup, tiding down, reeve and so on, plus various Dublin boroughs and landmarks till we arrive at Ringsend where the Farnese/"fairnesse"(.04) Hercules, resurrected like a marble giant from the Calp Limestone, stands on the strand, mace(club) mast high, mace at thigh-side, más, massive thigh, and at 3.2 m, high—Molly Bloom of Gibraltar (a pillar of Hercules and Mons Calpe in Latin) (See S.4) would have had her... hand full with this Roman marble10.

Hercules being one of the primary heros has many memories of the shore (and plain for "mace to masthigh" can also be read as a dictionary reference: Maze (Ir. Mhaigh, plain, RAFB Longkesh). He sacked Troy with his chums, darts flying, and several of his 12 feats took place on river banks. Some of the other heros include? Neptune .22, “farruler” .23, “strongbow” .30, and the River God, Flumina, the Tide .25 and all its stamoring waves queuing out, out to sea.

And a last “Hercules”: “brings us by a commodius vicus of recirculation back to Howth Castle and Environs.” (003.01-02)

Commodius, or Hercules Romanus (or I, Commodus11) as Commodus called himself in the latter part of his rule, would dress up in a lion's skin and carry a rough wooden club much as the Farnese Hercules is presented.

Why a colossus at the Liffey's mouth?

10 "that lovely little statue he bought I could look at him all day long curly head and his shoulders his finger up for you to listen theres real beauty and poetry for you I often felt I wanted to kiss him all over also his lovely young..."(U18.1347). 11 Graves, R. 1934. I, Claudius. Harmondsworth, New York, 468p. Has Joyce added the "i" or "I" in the wrong place in "commodius vicus"... with Robert Graves in mind?

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And why are Colossi sprinkled here and there? Many, but not all, are positioned near the opening of rivers or at various narrows or where there are concentrations of people. From here, statues of Champlain and Queen Victoria look to the future or survey their domain (or Dominion). Some are gates, Ghates, gâtés – sentinels, witnesses, and masters. The new colossus Liberty with her torch prêt à torché les pauvres qui se rend à l'Ile Ellis du Quai Ellis: Mother state? or giant chocolate éclaire? The World Trade Towers. Big Ben. The Eiffel Towerly. Martello towers from Sandycove to Kingston look on the snot green aqua faces. The scary prongs surmounted by the Poolbeg lighthouse whos light shone and continues to shine on us (see Atherton on "sumus", "we" and the sleeper). 12 To help? To spy? To control? Nothing Says Angst like being watched. Phares and forts all over the world. Did Joyce see the Herculean man of Calp in the Poolbeg Lighthouse lost in

Fig. 7. Memorial, Grosse the fog sieved light of the southern Bull Île, Québec. Arm of the thurible prongs; watching, armed, who comes and who goes. Is feat number 13 braining a giant Norse earwig on its run up the rivearine canal? The Lysippos school colossus at Rhodes, Paul Bonyenne and his blue bull ox courting the tourista dollar in Minnesota since 1937. The Cross on Grosse Île 13 in the St-Lawrence River, on which the Ellis Island facility was modelled, swallowed and spit out, alive and dead, hundreds of thousands of sick Irish immigrants, escaping the misery of occupation: then on to Shannon, Lachine, Bytown, Milton. They hover over our collective dream as we ride the rails with the Finnegans on the nightmare Traum.

Afterthought Reading Finnegans Wake can sharpen your perception of words. For example, it came to me while listening to the song At Last14 (see ST 2) that Atlast! would have been Atlas' (had he been an English speaker) exclamation on seeing Hercules show up to relieve him of the burden of our, Furnaced Planet.

Dominique

Expanded from: From: "Yverzone" [email protected] Subject: fw412.13 "furnaced planet" June 18, 2004 10:44

12 Atherton, J., 1967. The Identity of the Sleeper, Joyce symposium, Dublin, in: A Wake Newslitter, v. 4(5). Extract. 13 Grosse Île: 47°02′N 70°40′W 14 Gordon, M. and Warren, H., 1941. At Last.

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1 SUPPLIMENTARY MATERIAL 2 3 1. 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 S. 2. Lucius Aurelius Commodus as Hercules. Palazzo dei Conservatori, 25 Hall of the Horti Lamiani. Photo: Marie-Lan Nguyen (2006) 26 27 S. 1. Leopold Bloom's exercise book (U17.1397). Sandow, E. 1897. 28 Strength and How to Obtain It. Gale and Polden, Ltd, London, 177 p. 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 S. 3 . Coat of arms of Dublin. S. 4. Coat of arms of Gibralter. "triscastellated, bimedallised:" (552.31). His. "triscastellated, bimedallised:" (552.31). Hers.

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44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58

59 S.5. Drawing by John Tenniel, 1865. "The Caterpillar and Alice looked at each other for some time in silence: at last the Caterpillar took the hookah out of its 60 mouth, and addressed her in a languid, sleepy voice." from Carroll, Lewis, 1865. Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. Macmillan & Company, London, 192 p. 61 62 63 ‘Who are you?’ said the Caterpillar. 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 S.6. Eugene de la Croix. Les Femmes d’Alger dans leur appartement, 1834, oil on canvas. Musée du , Paris. The painting is notable for its sexual connotations; it depicts Algerian concubines of a harem with a hookah, used to smoke hashish or opium. In the 19th century, it was known for its sexual content and its orientalism. See Wikipedia.

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86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 S.7. Delavier, F. 2001. Guide des movement de musculation – Approche anatomique. Éditions Vigot, Paris, 124 p. 127 128

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129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 S. 8. Dickens, Charles, 1853. Bleak House, Bradbury & Owens, London, 624p. "Here is a small burnt patch of 161flooring; here is the tinder from a little bundle of burnt paper, but not so light as usual, seeming to be steeped in something ; and162 here is—is it the cinder of a small charred and broken log of wood sprinkled with white ashes, or is it coal ? O Horror, he163 is here! and this, from which we run away, striking out the light and overturning one another into the street, is all that represents164 him." 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 S. 10. Plaque on Quarantine Memorial, 185 Grosse Île, Québec.

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186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 S.9. Measuements based on the Commode Hercules. Jombert, Charles Antoine, 1770. 225 Catalogue de l'œuvre de Charles Nicholas Cochin fils. l'Imprimerie de Prault, 144 p. 226 227 228 229

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AT LAST 230 By Warren

231 . At last my love has come along 232 233 My lonely days are over 234 And life is like a song 235 At last the skies above are blue 236 And my heart was wrapped up in clover 237 The night I looked at you 238 I found a dream that I can speak to 239 A dream that I could call my own 240 I found a thrill to press my cheek to 241 A thrill that I have never known 242 You smiled, and then the spell was cast 243 And here we are in heaven 244 And you are mine at last 245 246 247 "why arent all men like that thered be some consolation for a 248 woman like that lovely little statue he bought I could look at him all 249 day long curly head and his shoulders his finger up for you to listen 250 theres real beauty and poetry for you I often felt I wanted to kiss him 251 all over also his lovely young cock there so simple I wouldnt mind 252 taking him in my mouth if nobody was looking as if it was asking you 253 to suck it so clean and white he looks with his boyish face I would 254 too in 1/2 a minute even if some of it went down what its only like 255 gruel or the dew theres no danger besides hed be so clean compared 256 with those pigs of men I suppose never dream of " (U. 735.08-17) 257 258 "The figure seated on a large boulder at the foot of a round tower was the Last of the Mohicans, the Rose of Castile, the Man for Galway, that of a broadshouldered deepchested stronglimbed frankeyed The Man that Broke the Bank at Monte Carlo, The Man in the Gap, redhaired freelyfreckled shaggybearded widemouthed largenosed The Woman Who Didn't, Benjamin Franklin, Napoleon Bonaparte, longheaded deepvoiced barekneed brawnyhanded hairylegged John L. Sullivan, Cleopatra, Savourneen Deelish, Julius Caesar, ruddyfaced sinewyarmed hero. From shoulder to shoulder he Paracelsus, sir Thomas Lipton, William Tell, Hayes, measured several ells and his rocklike mountainous knees were Muhammad, the Bride of Lammermoor, Peter the Hermit, Peter the covered, as was likewise the rest of his body wherever visible, with a Packer, Dark Rosaleen, Patrick W. Shakespeare, Brian Confucius, strong growth of tawny prickly hair in hue and toughness similar to the Murtagh Gutenberg, Patricio Velasquez, Captain Nemo, Tristan and mountain gorse (Ulex Europeus). The widewinged nostrils, from Isolde, the first Prince of Wales, Thomas Cook and Son, the Bold which bristles of the same tawny hue projected, were of such Soldier Boy, Arrah na Pogue, Dick Turpin, Ludwig Beethoven, the capaciousness that within their cavernous obscurity the fieldlark might Colleen Bawn, Waddler Healy, Angus the Culdee, Dolly Mount, easily have lodged her nest. The eyes in which a tear and a smile strove Sidney Parade, Ben Howth, Valentine Greatrakes, Adam and Eve, ever for the mastery were of the dimensions of a goodsized Arthur Wellesley, Boss Croker, Herodotus, Jack the Giantkiller, cauliflower. A powerful current of warm breath issued at regular Gautama Buddha, Lady Godiva, The Lily of Killarney, Balor of the intervals from the profound cavity of his mouth while in rhythmic Evil Eye, the Queen of Sheba, Acky Nagle, Joe Nagle, Alessandro resonance the loud strong hale reverberations of his formidable heart Volta, Jeremiah O'Donovan Rossa, Don Philip O'Sullivan Beare. A thundered rumblingly causing the ground, the summit of the lofty couched spear of acuminated granite rested by him while at his feet tower and the still loftier walls of the cave to vibrate and tremble. He reposed a savage animal of the canine tribe whose stertorous gasps wore a long unsleeved garment of recently flayed oxhide reaching to announced that he was sunk in uneasy slumber, a supposition the knees in a loose kilt and this was bound about his middle by a confirmed by hoarse growls and spasmodic movements which his girdle of plaited straw and rushes. Beneath this he wore trews of master repressed from time to time by tranquilising blows of a deerskin, roughly stitched with gut. His nether extremities were mighty cudgel rudely fashioned out of encased in high Balbriggan buskins dyed in lichen purple, the feet paleolithic stone." (U. 281.04-282.24) being shod with brogues of salted cowhide laced with the windpipe of the same beast. From his girdle hung a row of seastones which jangled at every movement of his portentous frame and on these were graven with rude yet striking art the tribal images of many Irish heroes and heroines of antiquity, Cuchulin, Conn of hundred battles, Niall of nine hostages, Brian of Kincora, the ardri Malachi, Art MacMurragh, Shane O'Neill, Father John Murphy, Owen Roe, Patrick Sarsfield, Red Hugh O'Donnell, Red Jim MacDermott, Soggarth Eoghan O'Growney, Michael Dwyer, Francy Higgins, Henry Joy M'Cracken, Goliath, Horace Wheatley, Thomas Conneff, Peg Woffington, the Village Blacksmith, Captain Moonlight, Captain Boycott, Dante Alighieri, Christopher Columbus, S. Fursa, S. Brendan, Marshal MacMahon, Charlemagne, Theobald Wolfe Tone, the Mother of the Maccabees,

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