Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47416-0 — Hell in the Byzantine World Volume 2: A Catalogue of the Cretan Material Frontmatter More Information Hell in the Byzantine World The imagery of Hell, the Christian account of the permanent destina- tions of the human soul after death, has fascinated people over the centuries since the emergence of the Christian faith. These landmark volumes provide the first large-scale investigation of this imagery found across the Byzantine and post-Byzantine world. Particular emphasis is placed on images from churches across Venetian Crete, which are comprehensively collected and published for the first time. Crete was at the centre of artistic production in the late Byzantine world and beyond, and its imagery was highly influential on tradi- tions in other regions. The Cretan examples accompany rich com- parative material from the wider Mediterranean – Cappadocia, Macedonia, the Peloponnese and Cyprus. The large amount of data presented in this publication highlights Hell’s emergence in monu- mental painting not as a concrete array of images, but as a diversified mirroring of social perceptions of sin. angeliki lymberopoulou is Senior Lecturer in Art History at The Open University. She is the author of The Church of the Archangel Michael at Kavalariana: Art and Society on Fourteenth- Century Venetian-Dominated Crete (2006) and the editor of Cross- Cultural Interaction between Byzantium and the West 1204–1669: Whose Mediterranean is it Anyway? (2018) and, with Rembrandt Duits, of Byzantine Art and Renaissance Europe (2013). rembrandt duits is Deputy Curator of the Photographic Collection at the Warburg Institute and Editor of the Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes. He is the editor, with Angeliki Lymberopoulou, of Byzantine Art and Renaissance Europe (2013). © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47416-0 — Hell in the Byzantine World Volume 2: A Catalogue of the Cretan Material Frontmatter More Information © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47416-0 — Hell in the Byzantine World Volume 2: A Catalogue of the Cretan Material Frontmatter More Information Hell in the Byzantine World A History of Art and Religion in Venetian Crete and the Eastern Mediterranean Volume 2 A Catalogue of the Cretan Material angeliki lymberopoulou The Open University rembrandt duits Warburg Institute © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47416-0 — Hell in the Byzantine World Volume 2: A Catalogue of the Cretan Material Frontmatter More Information University Printing House, Cambridge CB2 8BS, United Kingdom One Liberty Plaza, 20th Floor, New York, NY 10006, USA 477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia 314–321, 3rd Floor, Plot 3, Splendor Forum, Jasola District Centre, New Delhi – 110025, India 79 Anson Road, #06–04/06, Singapore 079906 Cambridge University Press is part of the University of Cambridge. It furthers the University’s mission by disseminating knowledge in the pursuit of education, learning, and research at the highest international levels of excellence. www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9781108474160 DOI: 10.1017/9781108564694 © Cambridge University Press 2020 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2020 Printed in Singapore by Markono Print Media Pte Ltd A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library. ISBN – 2 Volume Set 978-1-108-69070-6 Hardback ISBN – Volume I 978-1-108-47415-3 Hardback ISBN – Volume II 978-1-108-47416-0 Hardback Additional resources for this publication at www.cambridge.org/9781108690706 Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47416-0 — Hell in the Byzantine World Volume 2: A Catalogue of the Cretan Material Frontmatter More Information To Ole Gunnar Solskjær The Ultimate (Red) Devil Apprentice © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47416-0 — Hell in the Byzantine World Volume 2: A Catalogue of the Cretan Material Frontmatter More Information © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47416-0 — Hell in the Byzantine World Volume 2: A Catalogue of the Cretan Material Frontmatter More Information Contents List of Maps and Figures [page viii] Introduction [412] (rembrandt duits) I Chania (nos 1–47) [443] II Rethymnon (nos 48–73) [608] III Herakleion (nos 74–92) [704] IV Lassithi (nos 93–107) [779] V Chronological Arrangement of the Cretan Churches [828] Bibliography [835] Index [889] vii © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47416-0 — Hell in the Byzantine World Volume 2: A Catalogue of the Cretan Material Frontmatter More Information Maps and Figures Map 1a and 1b Crete [page 416] 2 Chania Prefecture, west Crete [418] 3 Rethymnon Prefecture, central-west Crete [419] 4 Herakleion Prefecture, central-east Crete [420] 5 Lassithi Prefecture, east Crete [420] 6 The eastern Mediterranean [421] Figures 1 Church of Saint Zosimas, Individual Sinners, early 14th century (sanctuary) and 1360s (nave), wall painting (west wall), Achladiakes (Selino), Chania, Crete. Photo: author with the permission of the Chania Ephorate of Antiquities [443] 2 Church of the Virgin, the Place of Hell Formed by the River of Fire and Individual Sinners, end of the 14th century (c. 1380s), wall painting (west wall), Anisaraki (Selino), Chania, Crete. Photo: author with the permission of the Chania Ephorate of Antiquities [447] 3 Church of the Virgin, Individual Sinners (detail), end of the 14th century (c. 1380s), wall painting (west wall), Anisaraki (Selino), Chania, Crete. Photo: author with the permission of the Chania Ephorate of Antiquities [448] 4 Church of the Virgin, Individual Sinners, end of the 14th century (c. 1380s), wall painting (west wall), Anisaraki (Selino), Chania, Crete. Photo: author with the permission of the Chania Ephorate of Antiquities [449] 5 Church of Saint John the Evangelist, the Place of Hell Formed by the River of Fire, second quarter of the 14th century (c. 1330?), wall painting (south wall), Asfentiles (Selino), Chania, Crete. Photo: author with the permission of the Chania Ephorate of Antiquities [453] viii © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47416-0 — Hell in the Byzantine World Volume 2: A Catalogue of the Cretan Material Frontmatter More Information List of Maps and Figures ix 6 Church of All Saints, Individual Sinners, 15th century (1420/ 30s?), wall painting (west wall), Chora Sfakion, Kastelli (Sfakia), Chania, Crete. Photo: author with the permission of the Chania Ephorate of Antiquities [456] 7 Church of Saint John the Baptist (Forerunner), the Place of Hell Formed by the River of Fire, c. 1300? wall painting (south wall), Deliana (Kissamos), Chania, Crete. Photo: author with the permission of the Chania Ephorate of Antiquities [459] 8 Church of Saint John the Baptist (Forerunner), the Place of Hell Formed by the River of Fire, c. 1300? wall painting (south wall), Deliana (Kissamos), Chania, Crete. Photo: author with the permission of the Chania Ephorate of Antiquities [460] 9 Church of Saint John the Baptist (Forerunner), Individual Sinners, c. 1300? wall painting (south wall), Deliana (Kissamos), Chania, Crete. Photo: author with the permission of the Chania Ephorate of Antiquities [461] 10 Church of Saint John the Baptist (Forerunner), Communal Punishments, c. 1300? wall painting (west wall), Deliana (Kissamos), Chania, Crete. Photo: author with the permission of the Chania Ephorate of Antiquities [462] 11 Church of Saint John the Baptist (Forerunner), Communal Punishments and Individual Sinners, c. 1300? wall painting (north wall), Deliana (Kissamos), Chania, Crete. Photo: author with the permission of the Chania Ephorate of Antiquities [463] 12 Church of Saint George Methystis, Individual Sinners, 14th century, wall painting (west wall), Fres (Tzitzifies, Apokoronas), Chania, Crete. Photo: author with the permission of the Chania Ephorate of Antiquities [468] 13 Church of Saints George and John the Baptist, Last Judgement, date unclear, wall painting (north wall), Garipas (Kydonia), Chania, Crete. Photo: author with the permission of the Chania Ephorate of Antiquities [471] 14 Church of Christ the Saviour, Those Who Sleep on a Sunday, the Weighing of the Souls and Individual Sinners, 1357/8, wall painting (west wall), Hagia Eirini (Selino), Chania, Crete. Photo: author with the permission of the Chania Ephorate of Antiquities [473] 15 Church of the Virgin, Individual Sinners, detail: rightmost frame of three, end of the 14th century, wall painting (west wall), Hagia Eirini (Selino), Chania, Crete. Photo: author with the permission of the Chania Ephorate of Antiquities [477] © in this web service