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Reconstruction of Ghost Buildings: Taksim Artillery Barracks

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Reconstruction of Ghost Buildings: Taksim Artillery Barracks RECONSTRUCTION OF GHOST BUILDINGS: TAKSIM ARTILLERY BARRACKS A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY BERRAK KIRBAŞ IN PARTIAL FULLFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARCHITECTURE IN ARCHITECTURE JUNE 2014 Approval of the thesis: RECONSTRUCTION OF GHOST BUILDINGS: TAKSIM ARTILLERY BARRACKS submitted by BERRAK KIRBAŞ in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Architecture in Department of Architecture, Middle East Technical University by, Prof. Dr. Canan Özgen _______________ Dean, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Assoc. Prof. Dr. Güven Arif Sargın _______________ Head of Department, Architecture Instructor Dr. M. Haluk Zelef _______________ Supervisor, Architecture Dept., METU Examining Committee Members: Prof. Dr. Zeynep Mennan _______________ Architecture Dept., METU Instructor Dr. M. Haluk Zelef _______________ Architecture Dept., METU Assoc. Prof. Dr. Namık Günay Erkal _______________ Architecture Dept., METU Assoc. Prof. Dr. Elvan Altan Ergut _______________ Architecture Dept., METU Assoc. Prof. Dr. Neşe Gurallar _______________ Architecture Dept., Gazi University Date: 25.06.2014 I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last Name: Berrak, Kırbaş Signature : iv ABSTRACT RE-CONSTRUCTION OF GHOST BUILDINGS: TAKSIM ARTILLERY BARRACKS Kırbaş, Berrak M.Arch., Department of Architecture Supervisor: Inst. Dr. M. Haluk Zelef June 2014, 178 pages This thesis is a critical assessment of the re-construction project of Taksim Artillery Barracks in the place of Taksim Gezi Park. In the meantime, it is an attempt to discuss the tendency of re-construction in architecture in relation to the “ghosts” in architectural discourse. In the scope of the thesis, the stimulation behind the resurrections of the “ghost” of the barracks and other “ghost buildings” are examined within three themes; “ghosts” in architectural discourse, “ghost building” as the haunted re-constructions, and the case study: Taksim Artillery Barracks; current controversial “ghost building” project in Turkey. Thus, the “ghosts” in architecture are revealed, while the re-constructions and the replica project of the Barracks are studied within the framework of the “ghost building” concept. Several “ghost building” examples from Turkey and all around the world are grouped and analyzed into different categories. The researches on diverse cases demonstrate the process of a building to transform into a “ghost building”, and expose the “ghosts” behind their re-constructions. Likewise, Taksim Artillery Barracks is studied in the context of its urban setting along with its “ghosts” which have impact on its v “resurrection” process. Besides, the replica project of the barracks is discussed in comparison to other examples as the conclusion of the study. Keywords: re-construction, ghosts, ghost buildings, Taksim Artillery Barracks vi ÖZ HAYALET BİNARLARIN YENİDEN İNŞA EDİLMESİ: TAKSİM TOPÇU KIŞLASI Kırbaş, Berrak Yüksek Lisans, Mimarlık Bölümü Tez Yöneticisi: Öğr. Gör. Dr. M. Haluk Zelef Haziran 2014, 178 sayfa Bu tez Taksim Topçu Kışlası’nın Taksim Gezi Park’ına yeniden inşa edilme projesinin eleştirel bir değerlendirmesidir. Aynı zamanda, mimarlıkta yeniden inşa etme eğilimini mimarlık yazınındaki “hayaletlerle” birlikte tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır. Tez kapsamında, kışlanın “hayaletinin” ve diğer “hayalet binaların” yeniden diril(til)mesinin arkasındaki etmenler üç ana başlık altında incelenmiştir; mimarlığın içindeki “hayaletler”, yeniden inşa edilen perili “hayalet bina” örnekleri ve güncel bir “hayalet bina” projesi olan Taksim Topçu Kışlası projesi. Böylece mimarlığın içindeki “hayaletler” ortaya çıkarken, yeniden inşa edilen örnekler ve kışlanın replika projesi “hayalet bina” kavramı çerçevesinde tartışılır. Dünyadan ve Türkiye’den birçok “hayalet bina” örneği farklı kategoriler altında gruplandırılarak incelenir. Farklı örnekler üzerine yapılan bu incelemeyle, binaların replikalarının yeniden yapılmasının arkasındaki sebepler ve onların birer “hayalet yapıya” dönüşümü ortaya konmuştur. Aynı şekilde, tezin odak noktası olan Taksim Topçu Kışlası yeniden inşa projesi kentsel bağlamında yeniden “diriltilme” sürecine vii etki eden hayaletleri ile birlikte incelenir. Çalışmasının sonucu olarak ise, incelenen diğer örneklerle Taksim Topçu Kışlası projesi karşılaştırmalı olarak tartışılır. Anahtar Kelimeler: yeniden inşa etmek, hayaletler, hayalet binalar, Taksim Topçu Kışlası viii To My Family ix ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First and foremost, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor Instructor Dr. M. Haluk Zelef especially for his contribution, guidance, motivating comments and criticisms throughout the whole study. I owe special thanks to him for accompanying my enthusiasm from the beginning of the research with his profound knowledge and experience. Without his inspiration and encouragement, and also his friendship and kindness, this study could have never been completed; any thank would be an understatement. I would like to thank Prof. Dr. Zeynep Mennan not only being a jury member, but for invaluable comments from the early stages of my study. I would like to present my appreciation other members of my jury committee, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Namık Günay Erkal, Assoc. Prof. Dr. T. Elvan Altan Ergut, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Neşe Gurallar for their valuable discussions and helpful comments. I would like to thank to my professors and co-workers in the department of architecture in Yıldız Technical University. I wish I could write all the names, but I owe special thanks to Prof. Dr. Deniz Erinsel Önder and also to my co-workers: Özde Özdal, Semin Erkenez, Neslinur Hızlı and Burçin Mızrak for their friendship and kindness. I owe special thanks to Dr. Senem Kaymaz Koca and Öze Uluengin for their understanding and support when I constantly desired to talk about my thesis. Besides, I would like to thank Assoc. Prof. Dr. Yasemen Say Özer for her encouraged comments, and invaluable small talks about my studies. I present my honest thanks and gratitude to my parents, Hüseyin and Nursel Kırbaş, whose love, and support I always feel by my side throughout a lifetime. I owe special thanks to my sister Başak Baloğlu for her contribution during the writing process. I am x grateful to her especially for her support when I got confused and panic. Besides, I also want to thank my little sister, Beril Kırbaş for her understanding when I have to choose studying on my thesis instead of spending time with her. The last but not the least, I would like to thank my best friends: Sıdıka Toptaş, Merve Eroğul and Alp Esmer and their beloved spouses for their support and love about ten years of my life both in Ankara and İstanbul. In addition to all, I would like to thank Jacques Derrida whose “ghosts” (his ghost and his concept at the same time) consistently haunted me and lead me to write this thesis. I sincerely hope his ghosts stop haunting me in my doctorate studies. xi TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................. v ÖZ ............................................................................................................................... vii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................................ x TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................... xii LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................... xiv LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................... xv CHAPTERS 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 1 1.1 The Aims of the Thesis..................................................................................... 3 1.2 Research Methods ............................................................................................ 4 1.3 Organization of the Thesis................................................................................ 7 2. ”GHOSTS” IN ARCHITECTURAL DISCOURSE ............................................. 11 2.1 Architecture as a Body: Emergence of the “Ghosts” ..................................... 11 2.1.1 Ghost as Potential for Future “Yet to Come” .......................................... 11 2.1.2 History ..................................................................................................... 26 2.1.3 Mourning and Memory ........................................................................... 28 2.2 Architecture as a Haunted Discipline ............................................................. 29 2.2.1 The Ghosts in Architectural History ....................................................... 29 2.2.2 Ghost Buildings as a Part of the Culture of the City ............................... 36 3. GHOST BUILDINGS ........................................................................................... 43 3.1 Concept and Content of the Term “Ghost Building” .................................... 43 3.2 Ghost Building Examples in Turkey and All Around the World.
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