FEATURE: Aquatic Litter © Cedre

NOVEMBER 2020 #40

Information Bulletin Centre of Documentation, Research and Experimentation on Accidental Water Pollution FEATURE: Aquatic litter © Cedre

Follow us on RESPONSE FEATURE Cedre NEWS www.cedre.fr Sinking of the Aquatic litter • 40 years of expertise Grande America • G7 Parliamentary Speakers at Cedre FEATURE n Available fordownload at: Cover photo: Legal deposit: November2020 ISSN: 1247-603X Printing: CloîtreImprimeurs Translation: Iconography: NataliePadey Formatting &GraphicDesign: Editor-in-chief: Publication Manager: www.cedre.fr Tel.+ 33(0)29810 CS 41836-29218BRESTcedex2FRANCE 715, rueAlainColas A bi-annualpublicationbytheCedre NOVEMBER 2020 2 Vegetable oilslickduringanexperiment

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Cedre °40 Information Bulletin Sally Ferguson-AlbaTraduction ScatteredIslands © Cedre AgneseDiverres Nicolas Tamic www.cedre.fr n° 40 CamilleLaot

- November 2020 This bulletininprintedonpaper

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© Cedre 715, rue AWARENESS-RAISING ACTIONS INFORMATION AND AQUACULTURE LITTER FROMFISHERIESAND MICMAC PROJECT AQUATIC LITTERANDRESEARCH EXPERIMENTAL TOOLS A ZOOMINON OCEANWISE PROJECT CLEANATLANTIC PROJECT IMPACT OFLITTERONMARINEFAUNA OFFSHORE MO BEACH LITTERMONITORING PUBLIC POLICIESONAQUATICLITTER FEATURE EVENTS EDITORIAL NEW PUBLICATIONS NEW HORIZONS NEW RECRUITS PARLIAMENTARY SPEAKERS CEDRE RECEIVESG7 INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIPS SINKING OFTHE DETECTION SYSTEMS TRIALS ONSURFACEOIL >Cedre based attheportof Brest Tel.: +33(0)2983310-Fax:449138 Alain Colas -CS41836 -29218BRESTcedex2FRANCE

Contents Research andExperimentation

on AccidentalWaterPollution [email protected] -www.cedre.fr Centre ofDocumentation, NITORING

Cedre’s

Grande America

26-27 24-25 22-23 16-17 14-15 12-13 08-09 06-07 04-05 31 30 29 28 21 20 19 18 11 10 03

EDITORIAL 03 EVENTS 04-05 FEATURE PUBLIC POLICIES ON AQUATIC LITTER 06-07 BEACH LITTER MONITORING 08-09 OFFSHORE MONITORING 10

IMPACT OF LITTER ON MARINE FAUNA 11 © MTE CLEANATLANTIC PROJECT 12-13 OCEANWISE PROJECT 14-15 A ZOOM IN ON Cedre’s EXPERIMENTAL TOOLS 16-17 AQUATIC LITTER AND RESEARCH 18 EDITORIAL MICMAC PROJECT 19 LITTER FROM FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE 20 itter at sea and on the shoreline, in particular plastics, is Against this backdrop, the French Directorate for Water and a major concern. It is progressively smothering life in our Biodiversity called upon Cedre for its knowledge of French INFORMATION AND AWARENESS-RAISING ACTIONS 21 oceans and defacing our beaches. It also generates high coastal areas and inland waters. For several years, Cedre has TRIALS ON SURFACE OIL socio-economic costs: cost of clean-up operations, nega- been the focal point for scientific and technical support on the Ltive impacts on tourism and fisheries, etc. The impact on hu- theme of beach litter and microplastics for the French Ministry DETECTION SYSTEMS 22-23 man health is also an issue. Marine litter has various origins: for the Ecological Transition: SINKING OF THE Grande America 24-25 PARTNERSHIPS 26-27 • activities within catchment areas, sometimes well up- • at national level, for the implementation of public poli- INTERNATIONAL 28 stream of estuaries: the litter is then carried by watercourses cies relating to aquatic litter reduction and response under the CEDRE RECEIVES G7 and wastewater and rainwater drainage networks, Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), PARLIAMENTARY SPEAKERS 29 NEW RECRUITS 30 • professional activities at sea (shipping, fisheries, etc.) • and at international level, in particular under the Region- NEW HORIZONS and other users such as pleasure boaters, al Seas Conventions (OSPAR, the Barcelona Convention, etc.). NEW PUBLICATIONS 31 • coastal activities. The Ministry is proud to rank among the partners of this first issue of the Cedre Information Bulletin to address the ques- The vast majority of aquatic litter is plastic. But what we do not tion of aquatic litter. see is also the contamination by microplastics which provide a surface for many species and pollutants, promoting their transfer across long distances (non-native species, viruses, bacteria, metals, etc.). Centre of Documentation, Research and Experimentation When litter is present at sea, it is difficult to take action. Clean- on Accidental Water Pollution ing the oceans would be too costly, and litter would continue Bénédicte Jénot, 715, rue Alain Colas - CS 41836 - 29218 BREST cedex 2 - FRANCE to reach the sea. Emphasis must be placed on preventing lit- “Marine Strategy Framework Directive, marine litter and Tel.: +33 (0)2 98 33 10 10 - Fax: +33 (0)2 98 44 91 38 ter at the source, developing reuse, preventing dumping and international cooperation” Project Manager, [email protected] - www.cedre.fr raising public awareness with a view to fostering resource ef- Marine Ecosystems Policy Office, ficiency and the circular economy. French Ministry for the Ecological Transition (MTE)

© Cedre Cedre Information Bulletin n° 40 - November 2020 ▪ 3 INFORMATIONEVENTS staff toglean theirinsightandadvice.staff during whichtheywere abletotalkCedre’s experimentation andresearch inresidency, Thibault Honoré, theywere abletostarttheir gree inartatUBO. Accompanied bytheirtutor, and secondyear studentsstudyingforade From 20thto24thMay, wethushosted6first 6 studentartistsinresidence working focus. themchoseaccidentalwaterpollutionasa of to workinpairsonthepossible themes and6 marine litter andmicroplastics. They thenset accidental water pollutionbyoil, chemicals, different jobprofiles andtopics relating to session with3scientists, theydiscovered the our work. Duringafirstvisit, thenadiscussion 15 studentsturnedtheirinterest toCedre and entific mediation and research on resilience, Department, whoharboursapassion forsci Studies forthe tany (UBO)andDirectorArts of Westernart lecturer attheUniversity of Brit At theinstigationof Thibault Honoré, artist, expertise atCedreAreas of day scientific reality throughout 2019. To Governors, itsBoard of markthe40-year milestonesincethefirstmeetingof Cedre optedforanoriginal anglebybringingartintoourday-to- By 4

▪ with anartisticapproach! Cedre celebrates40thanniversary Agnese Diverres,

>Sample ofdrillingextract Cedre

Information Bulletin

Information DepartmentManageratCedre. n° 40

- November 2020

© Harmonic project - - - Pulsatio inthe Abords exhibition room atUBO. residency and exhibited under theproject made bythestudentsduring week-long the workandproductions as photocoverage of cal compositionbyEtienneHendrickx aswell tal videobytheartstudentssetagainstamusi paraffin sculptures by Thibault Honoré, adigi aproject dubbed Harmonic: foyer aspartof Various works were on exhibit inourentrance November 2019. festival organised inBrest from 16thto22nd en Sciences Arts etCréation) scienceculture the “RESSAC” (REchercheS the firsteditionof research artistsandscientists, wepartnered closecollaboration betweenUBO-IUEM year of this original approach andtomarkthe endof To celebrate Cedre’s 40thanniversary withan festival Exhibition andpanelsession attheRESSAC infrared imagescollectedduringthedrilling. and agraphical videowasproduced from the even oilresidue) wasusedtobuildasculpture, ter extracted (sand, drillingmud, gravel and ence, specialisedinGeology, atUBO. The mat students studying for a degree in EarthSci péen delaMer)withhelpfrom undergraduate Laboratory atIUEM(InstitutUniversitaire Euro Pierre Sans-Joffre from theOcean Geosciences ration with geologists Nathalie Babonneau and drilled at Cedre’s technical facilities in collabo- cmdiameterborehole was In addition, a7

>Glimpse oftheHarmonicexhibition

on 22ndNovember. Strategy Committee, whose50thmeetingwasheld by Bernard Tramier, Honorary President Cedre’s of Thibault Honoré. The exhibition wasinaugurated dent forCulture andDevelopmentatUBO geography at Cedre, Natalia Leclerc, Vice Presi tology, Florence Poncet, researcher inmarine alie Babonneau, researcher inmarinesedimen disasters.of Nath The panelwascomposedof sion on18thNovemberfocusingtheconcept tion venues, Cedre alsoorganised apanelses thefestival’sIn additiontobeingoneof 5exhibi

to theHarmonic >Diagram ofthedrillingoperationwhichled project

© Harmonic project - - - - - By François Cuillandre, President Cedre's Governors. Board of of almost 20,000were released intothesea. heavy fueloiltheshipwascarrying,tonnes of 120metres. the31,000 now lieatadepthof Of the followingday. thewreck The twopartsof the Pointe dePenmarc’h. The sternsectionsank the French Exclusive EconomicZone, southof vessel broke intwoandthebowsectionsank and thecrew were safelyevacuatedbefore the in severe weather conditions. Itissued amayday and Italian-operated oiltanker Erika wassailing On 12thDecember1999, theMalta-registered By Corinne Caroff, Cedre. an achievement! Governors meeting.76th Board of That’s quite its 50thStrategy Committee meeting andits In 2019, Cedre celebrated its40thanniversary, Marking 20yearssincethe and stillseekinginnovationopportunities 40 yearsofexpertiseinaccidentalwaterpollution

>Clean-up operationsinBelle-Île-en-Mer(Morbihan)

© Service Communication - Mairie de Brest tion waslaunchedinthePolludrome® with The following day, simulation experimenta- Daily reviews were drafted fortheauthorities. fect and dispatched to shoreline command posts. theMaritimePrewere placed atthedisposalof - ed to forecast slick drift, while technical advisers agreement withMétéoFrance wasimplement gency response centre wasactivatedandour tingency planandmobilisedCedre: ouremer the Atlantic activatedthePOLMARoffshore con On 12thDecember, France’s MaritimePrefect for rine andinlandwaters, aprioritysince 2014, in level onlitter andmicroplastic pollutioninma in particularthedecisiontofocus atEuropean the strategic priorities defined and am proud of As President Cedre's Governors, Board of of I around theglobe. on spillsinmarineorinlandwaters, anywhere ways ready 24/7torespond andprovide advice ing, constantlyfosteringinnovation, whileal courses, product analysis andequipmenttest programmes, groundwork studies, training mitted tolarge-scale projects, experimentation worldwide. Itsteams havebeendeeplycom to the spill response sector both in France and spill, Cedre hasprovided considerable input Created theAmocoCadiz intheaftermath of Erika oilspill Cedre © Cedre ------

Information Bulletin disaster from reoccurring. II and sion putforward measures through the were highlightedandtheEuropean Commis- sation. Loopholes inmaritimesafetyEurope tions andlocalauthoritiestoreceive compen damage”, allowingnature protection organisa- “ecologicalCourt whichrecognised thenotionof 2012 withtheverdict delivered bytheSupreme 2007 andcametoacloseon25thSeptember Legal proceedings began on 12th February were killed bythisoilspill. 150,000 birds, mainlycommonguillemots, from thebeaches andprocessed. Approximately wastewere collected 210,000tonnesof total of thewreck by pumped outof Total. An estimated summer 2000, oilwere some11,200tonnesof their POLMARshoreline contingencyplan. fected area), Finistère and Morbihan activated Charente-Maritime, Loire-Atlantique (worstaf Vendée,were oiled andthedepartmentsof response methods. coastline Some450kmof advise theauthoritiesonmostappropriate the heavy fuel oil(n°6)spiltfrom the every success! lenge astheyalwayshavebefore andwishthem and itsgoverningbodieswillrise tothechal I haveeveryconfidencethatits 50-strong team sponsibilities inthisvastfield. by taskingCedre withvariousprojects andre mitigate marinelitter andmicroplastic pollution cantly encouraging the actions implemented to this activityfrom theoutsetandis now signifi Cedre’sof Strategy Committee, has supported Ministry fortheEcological Transition, amember this.mation Bulletin are evidence of The French theCedre thisissueInfor n°40of the feature of articlesin itformanyyears andthewealth of of rent socialissue yetscientistshavebeenaware addition tooilandchemicalspills. This isacur III legislativepackages toprevent sucha

n° 40

- November 2020 Erika to Erika I,

▪

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EVENTEVENTS FEATUREFEATURE T implemented byMTEare definedbythe “circular economy”roadmap, chain forwastegenerated bythefisheriesand a collection and management development of these bansandissettolead tothe many of European Union on12th June 2019reiterates gear publishedintheOfficial the Journalof The directive onsingle-useplasticsandfishing Law againstwasteandforacircular economy). reclaiming biodiversity, nature andlandscapes, Transition forGreen Growth, Egalimlaw, Lawon microbeads used in cosmetics (Law on Energy plastic bags, platesandcups, cotton budsor impact onthemarineenvironment, forinstance single-use plasticitemsorwithan vere measures byintroducing bansonvarious Within thisframework, France hastaken se Upstream actions Marine EcosystemsPolicy Office, MTE By BénédicteJENOT 6

▪ Industrial plasticpelletsandothermicroplasticsalongthehightidelineonabeachinsouthernFinistère > Public policiesonaquaticlitter Cedre lenge, byinvolvingalltherelevant stakeholders. The actions sponsibility istoactquicklyandpractically, torisethischal pollution.an ambitiouspolicytomitigatethisformof Ourre he French Ministry for the Ecological Transition (MTE) pursues

Information Bulletin , “MarineStrategy Framework Directive, marinelitter andinternationalcooperation” Project Manager, n° 40

- November 2020 - by 2025”. To theroadmap bestmeetthegoals of “zero plasticatsea and anambitioustarget of and plasticparticlesbefore theyreach thesea” plan therefore litter provides for“therecovery of well asbywatercourses. The French biodiversity through wastewaterandrainwater networks as litter areLarge carriedtothesea quantitiesof Actions inwatercourses andnetworks April 2018. published itscircular economyroadmap inlate recycled plastics.of The French Government to promote theeco-design, recyclability anduse circular economyandsupportsconcrete actions MTE isdevotedtoseeingplasticstransition toa prevention toinstigateachangeinbehaviour. aquaculture sector. The focusshouldbeon

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international andEuropean workinggroups. the G20, theRegional Seas Conventions, notablyOSPAR (seeinset), and involved inmanymarinelitter actionplans, includingthrough theG7, measuresMSFD programmes andinternationalactions, of asFrance is 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. This roadmap isorganised into5areas: ticular plastics, intotheseas andoceans by2025. macro- andmicro-litter,duce theinputof inpar plastic atsea 2019-2025”. Itaimstogreatly re 2018, MTEdevelopedadraft roadmap “zero ministerial Committee fortheSea inNovember against plasticpollutionestablishedbytheInter

tercourses, wastewaterandrainwater tion actions Cross-cutting coordination actions. actions Awareness-raising, information and education and atsea Plastic litter response actionsontheshoreline Litter response actionsontransfer routes: wa Upstream, onshore plastic pollution preven

- - - - - ciency andmeasure real litter flows. toring willbeestablishedtoevaluatetheireffi and rainwater treatment systems. System moni tested by the Water Agencies in the wastewater rine environment. Litter removal systemswillbe ultimately prevent andreduce litter inthema clude actionsonwatercourses and networks to citizens andpublicstakeholders. They alsoin litter prevention andawareness-raising among agement Agency, ADEME, andfocusprimarilyon and theFrench Environment andEnergy Man theFrenchthe mobilisationof Water Agencies The actionsoutlinedintheroadmap callupon

stretch ofbeachintheLandesarea ofFrance >Numerous bottlelidscollectedalong a100m

© Cedre - - - - - © Photo© US creditCoast Guard Photo OSPAR: Management ofMarineLitterintheNorth-EastAtlantic ing thetargets. ments required toassess progress towards reach • implementmonitoringandnecessary arrange tion targets, takingintoaccounttheMSFDtargets, • define regionally coordinated, operational reduc aspects, marinelitter,of takingintoaccountsocio-economic • developregional measures toreduce theinput mostconcern, that are of marinelitter • identifyspecificsources oritemsof Regional Action Planare to: ment”. Inthiscontext, the themainobjectivesof cause harmtothecoastalandmarineenviron marinelitter do not properties and quantities of litter in the OSPAR Maritime Area to levels where Statement) in abidto“substantiallyreduce marine develop reduction measures andtargets” (Bergen are unacceptable” andcommitted to“continue to littertheNorth-East inmanyareasAtlantic ties of tion. In2010, OSPAR Ministersnotedthat“quanti Europe’s beaches andtouseitassess thispollu a standardised monitoringmethodforthelitter on region countries were thefirstinEurope todevelop ject onMonitoringMarineBeach Litter, theOSPAR In the early 2000s, following the OSPAR Pilot Pro ment policies. litter policiesandmarineaquaticenviron between stakeholders involvedinimplementing with asinglepriority:toreinforce coordination industrial federations, etc.)meets twiceayear cal authorities, scientists, NGOs, professional and shop (coordinated bytheState andgatheringlo A multi-stakeholder nationalmarinelitter work Stakeholder meeting thorities are alsounderdevelopment. plastic content in water. Actions with local au method currently exists tomeasure themicro focus willbeonmetrology, asnostandardised actions are currently beingdefined. The main activities andharmfulforflora andfauna. These duce substancespresent inwater due tohuman andre aims togainabetter understandingof into the2016-2021micropollutants planwhich microplastics willalsobeintegratedThe issue of MSFD. strategic coastlinedocumentsdefinedbythe to provide thebasisforactionplansunder The actionssetoutintheroadmap are intended a RegionalActionPlanforPreventionand Cedre ------

Information Bulletin production and consumptionpattern. sources and islargely basedontheprevailing ter originates from different sea- andland-based ufactured or processed solidmaterial. Marinelit systems orwinds. Itincludesanypersistent, man ronment from landbyrivers, draining orsewage ing materials transported intothemarineenvi lost onbeaches andonshores orat sea, includ been deliberately discarded, or unintentionally Marine litter coversanysolidmaterial whichhas (OSPAR2014-01) Agreement OSPAR “marinelitter” definitionof environment. litter onthemarine els tomitigatetheimpactof local, national, European andinternationallev- discuss concrete actionstobeimplementedat a marine litter working group has been set upto ward concerted, concrete proposals. Within CFO, holders, aimstoreinforce dialogueandputfor the marineenvironment gathering civilstake The Comité France Océan (CFO), athinktankon

of France 100 mstretchofbeachintheLandes area >Numerous cottonbudscollectedalong a

n° 40

- November 2020

> more info Convention of theOSPAR within theframework Plan established Litter RegionalAction Cover oftheMarine www

ospar.org ▪

FEATUREFEATURE FRENCH NATIONAL BEACH LITTER MONITORING NETWORK 2019

Les Escardines Les Boucaniers L'Institut

Le Mont St Frieux

FEATURE Channel - North Sea or

Les Basses falaises

Celtic Sea Realisation Cedre 10/02/2020 :

Stallio Bras Les Dunes Le Cosmeur Glatigny Kerizella Programmes de 10 Trielen La Grandville Related monitoring 11 surveillance alimentés : Doelen La Grève des Courses programmes 13 Le Vern Le Stang 12 Larmor Boëd DCSMMMSFD: : 10 Koubou Kourrijou La Marche aux Boeufs 15 La Grève Blanche Pen Loc'h Donnant OSPAR : Les Sabias

MEDPOL : Bas-Rhin Les Selliers Les Trois Pierres La Cornerie La Baie de Gatseau La Maison de Grave

Le Grand Crohot Sud La Pointe du Teich Le Banc d'Arguin Le Wharf Bay of Biscay Les Lamanchs La Petite Afrique Napoléon : La Barre Brasinvert

Herdiko Litter Registered Déchets Sites La Crouste Pomègues Le Golo AverageAbondance: abundance moyenne (100m): (100m) : Conventionnéssites: : OuiYes Non No Beach litter monitoring 6775 Le Fourat 1700 4/year

frequency:

150 Monitoring

: Site opened in 2020 Data source: RNS-MD-L / Base map source: SHOM; IGN; OSPAR

> Litter at the Lamanchs monitoring site (Landes, France)

By Loïc Kerambrun, Camille Lacroix, Marine Paul and Silvère André, Cedre.

The French beach litter monitoring the exception of a more detailed characterisa- and certain field operators, at the request of the network tion using a more extensive list of litter items ministry. under the MSFD). Within the framework of the OSPAR Convention, This data has already contributed to assessments a marine litter monitoring programme based The new regulatory challenge and its associ- conducted by Cedre under the MSFD (2018 as- on a specific protocol was launched in the early ated objectives for the roll-out of the network sessment) and under the Regional Seas Conven- 2000s, to which contracting parties are required (10 sites for each Marine Sub-Region by 2020) tions—the Barcelona Convention and to a greater to contribute. In France, this monitoring did not as well as the experience drawn from the ini- extent OSPAR (Intermediate Assessment 2017). start until the beginning of the 2010s when, at tial network very soon highlighted the need to It is also used for EU purposes, for instance to the request of the French environment ministry, certify field operators—and provide funding in justify certain new measures or directives such Cedre was able to begin supplying input for the some cases—to ensure the long-term viability of as the recent directive on single-use plastics and OSPAR database thanks to French data provided the network and the reliability of the data col- fishing gear. by the few organisations (marine nature parks, lected: this professionalisation process began social integration enterprises and environmen- in 2018. In France, a complete national network tal NGOs) that were interested in stranded litter now exists providing balanced geographical and accepted Cedre’s proposal to adopt a single coverage: the national beach litter monitoring monitoring protocol. network (Réseau national de Surveillance des Macro-Déchets sur le Littoral or RNS-MD-L) which The implementation of the Marine Strategy comprises 46 sites and relies on 27 field opera- Framework Directive (MSFD), which also takes tors (figures for January 2020). marine litter into consideration in assessing

Good Environmental Status (GES), spurred in- The data collected by the network is now stored © Cedre

terest in this monitoring network, especially as in Ifremer’s Quadrige2 system via the DALI (Data

> Collecting litter on Stang beach (Finistère) as the protocol defined in 2014 under the directive Litter) application specifically developed in part of the national beach litter monitoring was largely based on the OSPAR protocol (with 2017-2018 by Ifremer with support from Cedre programme

8 ▪ Cedre Information Bulletinn° 40 - November 2020 FRENCH NATIONAL BEACH LITTER MONITORING NETWORK 2019

2 Les Escardines 3 Les Boucaniers L'Institut 1

3 Le Mont St Frieux 1 2 3

Channel - North Sea or FEATURE

4 Les Basses falaises

Celtic Sea Realisation Cedre 10/02/2020 :

8 Stallio Bras Les Dunes 5 4 5 6 7 9 Le Cosmeur Glatigny 6 10 Kerizella Programmes de 10 Trielen La Grandville 7 Related monitoring 11 surveillance alimentés : Doelen La Grève des Courses 7 programmes 13 Le Vern Le Stang 12 Larmor Boëd 9 DCSMMMSFD: : Koubou 10 La Marche aux Boeufs 9 8 9 10 10 Kourrijou 15 La Grève Blanche 9 Pen Loc'h Donnant 16 OSPAR : Les Sabias 17

Les Selliers 19 MEDPOL : 18 Bas-Rhin 11 12 13 14 20 Les Trois Pierres La Cornerie 19 La Baie de Gatseau 20 21 La Maison de Grave

Le Grand Crohot Sud 22 La Pointe du Teich 22 15 16 17 18 19 Le Banc d'Arguin 22 Le Wharf Bay of Biscay 23 Les Lamanchs 22 27 La Petite Afrique 27 Napoléon : 11 La Barre 26 Brasinvert

24 Herdiko 20 21 22 23 DéchetsLitter RegisteredSites 27 25 La Crouste Pomègues 28 Le Golo AverageAbondance: abundance moyenne (100m): (100m) : Conventionnéssites: : OuiYes Non No 6775 Le Fourat 25 1700 4/year

frequency:

150 Monitoring

: Site opened in 2020 Data source: RNS-MD-L / Base map source: SHOM; IGN; OSPAR 24 25 26 27 28

Roll-out of other national networks The second, the national monitoring network for litter from drainage basins (RNS-MD-BH) comes To meet the needs of the MSFD, two other na- in answer to the need to assess inputs from wa- tional monitoring networks are currently being tersheds contributing to shoreline pollution, by established by Cedre. evaluating litter washed up on the banks upstream of estuaries. The aim here is to expand The first, the national monitoring network for the RNS-MD-L monitoring effort to the outflow microplastics in beach sediment (RNS-mP-P) fo- of the main drainage basins by studying sites

cuses on microparticles present in sand through © Cedre located immediately upstream of the estuaries, analysis work conducted at Cedre on samples just above the boundary of any possible inflow of

> Collecting litter on the banks of the Seine taken by certain RNS-MD-L field operators. (Seine-Maritime) litter from activities in the estuary.

ABOUT Cedre, co-lead of OSPAR’s Beach Litter Expert Group By Camille Lacroix, Cedre.

Since 2020, Cedre has been coordinating, on behalf of France and in its consistency with the objectives set out by OSPAR under its North collaboration with the Netherlands, the work of the Expert Group for the East Atlantic Environment Strategy. Furthermore, this group is tasked Beach Litter indicator within the OSPAR Intersessional Correspondence with preparing the Beach Litter indicator evaluations both for OSPAR Group on Marine Litter. The main roles of this informal group composed Intermediate Assessments and the ten-year Quality Status Report for of experts from the different OSPAR Contracting Parties are to develop the North-East Atlantic. the monitoring programme for the Beach Litter indicator and to ensure

Cedre Information Bulletin n° 40 - November 2020 ▪ 9 FEATURE There are 11qualitydescriptors, commontoallthe International Council for the Exploration of theSeaInternational Council fortheExploration of Assessment of fishing resourcesAssessment inwesternEurope of By 10 European UnionMemberStates, todefineGood

Offshore monitoring François Galgani, Ifremer. ▪ >Abandoned cablescollectedduringtrawling

Cedre International Bottom Trawl Survey International bottom trawl survey Channel Ground Fish Survey Data Collection Framework D in theMediterranean sea tabase of TRAwlSurvey of Atabase Environmental Status Information Bulletin * HELP LIST Descriptor * * * DATRAS MEDITS EVHOE * * * * CGFS ? ICES IBTS DCF n° 40

- November 2020

© Ifremer T tion overtimecanbemonitored. The densities marine sub-region through whichtheirevolu- microplastics provides an overviewforeach of ent trawl fishing expeditions, themeasurement rolled outoverthepastfewyears through differ ing concernsfloatingmicroplastics. Gradually 10DC2) taken intoconsideration formonitor thedirective (criterion The secondcriterionof gear or ALDFG (e.g. nets, lines, pots). abandoned, lostorotherwisediscarded fishing plastics (bags,various typesof bottles, etc.)and divided into39maincategories, inparticular in France followingwhichthelitter collectedis ry year, several hundred trawls are conducted programme MEDITS in the Mediterranean. Eve data) fortheOSPAR region andtheinstitutional database systemmanagedbyICES*(DATRAS* States, withidenticalprotocols and aEuropean seabed ismore extensive, involvingallMember and driftwood. litter on the The monitoring of plastics(sheets,found typesof bags, bottles) broad categoriessuchasthemostcommonly are harmonised, listingfloatingwasteinvarious poses anddefinefishingquotas. The protocols ITS*) whoassess fishstocks forscientificpur DCF* surveys(EVHOE*, IBTS*, CGFS*andMED istic mannerbyobserversonboard European ries andcountsare conductedinanopportun- litter ontheseabed. For floatinglitter, invento- criterion 10D1 also concerns floating litter and In additiontosamplingonbeaches (seep.8), Descriptor*10.rently concernstwocriteriaof in allMember States, offshore monitoring cur identical, homogeneoussamplingconditions ropean group thatdefinedthe protocols and long-term monitoring. With support from a Eu- marine sub-regions, allowingforharmonised, campaigns organised each year inalltheFrench effort isimplementedthrough regular fishing particular oninitialassessment, thismonitoring Ten years after the first work was conducted, in tailored tothenationalcontext tobedefined. tive anditsimplementationrequired astrategy thedirec did notexist duringthefirstyear of

ter monitoring. monitoring This formof offshore marinelit the establishmentof (MSFD) hasplayedanimportedrole in he MarineStrategy Framework Directive ------rine litter. across allFrench marineareas affected byma up shouldultimatelyprovide monitoringcover panded tolitter ontheseabed. The initiativesset marinefaunacanbeex regular monitoringof in particular in marine protected areas where vehicles) ormonitoringbysubmarinedives, video imagery(remote operated underwater zones and seabed observation surveys using MSFD monitoring to trawl surveys in coastal of States are currently discussing theextension be setin2020forlitter ontheseabed. Member status thresholds and environmental targets to veys willbeusedtodefinegoodenvironmental over time. Ultimately, thedatafrom thesesur fishinggear,better managementof are effective ment, suchasthebanonsingle-useplasticsor cific reduction measures in the natural environ- instance). This datawillreveal whetherthespe- on single-useplastics(suchasplasticbagsfor tics, laidoutunderthenewEuropean directive need forreduction measures forsingle-useplas sessing trends andhavealready pointedtothe thesesurveysare usefulforas All theresults of particles. thousandsof exceed afewtensof where the maximum average densitiesdonot 100-150,000 particles per km²—and the Atlantic nean—heavily impactedwithlevelsinexcess of measured vary greatly between the Mediterra

the Mediterranean >Litter collectedduringaMEDITStrawlsurveyin

he MSFD calls for the assessment of the turtle network (RTMF). This ongoing monitoring areas. In deep waters, the analysis of video im- impact of litter on marine fauna. Under and the improvement in the analysis of causes ages recorded by remote operated vehicles dur- the French marine litter monitoring of mortality in beached turtles will provide in- ing scientific campaigns is being explored. programme, three sub-programmes are formation for this indicator. To assess the impact Tdevoted to this specific issue; two target the in- of litter on marine fauna, new indicators are un- gestion of litter by megafauna while the third der development in relation to entanglement or Seabirds as indicators of covers entanglement of fauna due to litter. strangulation by litter. Several possibilities are marine environment health being explored. status in the North Sea: As concerns litter ingestion, on the Channel- the northern fulmar North Sea coastline, a single monitoring system The first focuses on monitoring litter in the nests is currently operational. It focuses on north- of common shags. The presence of these birds In 2002, the OSPAR Convention decided ern fulmars found dead on the shoreline. This along all the European coasts makes them a to include litter in its system of Ecological monitoring, conducted within the framework good indicator at the scale of each Marine Sub- Quality Objectives (EcoQOs). The ingestion of the OSPAR Convention, consists in analysing Region (MSR) of the French coastline. A similar of plastic litter was the chosen criterion to as- the litter contained in the seabirds’ stomachs. monitoring programme for cormorant nests is sess its impact on marine fauna, given that France’s northern coastline corresponds to the already underway at several sites and in sev- the quantity ingested is a relatively accurate southernmost limit of the fulmar’s geographi- eral colonies using a standardised protocol. It reflection of the abundance of litter present cal distribution; this monitoring is therefore is set to become an ongoing programme and in the marine environment. In this respect, only possible in the eastern part of the Chan- to be expanded under MSFD monitoring in the the northern fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis) nel. It is conducted on the shores of Normandy Channel and Atlantic through the Observatoire became the indicator for ingestion. These and Hauts-de-France by three associations, the Régional de l’Avifaune (regional bird observa- seabirds forage exclusively at sea and do not Groupe Ornithologique du Nord (GON), Pic- tory) and the Observatoire Oiseaux Marins et regurgitate solid particles but retain them for ardie Nature and the Groupe ornithologique Côtiers (OFB sea and coastal birds observatory), several weeks. Furthermore, the marine litter Normand (GoNm) which coordinates all these as well as in the Mediterrenean via the Office de contained in their stomach was already the monitoring efforts that are partially funded l’Environnement de la Corse (OEC). The monitor- focus of monitoring in the Netherlands at the by the French Office for Biodiversity (OFB). In ing of entanglement in gannets across the Celt- time. The fulmar indicator was again chosen France, the last MSFD assessment (based on ic Seas MSR (90 observations for the Sept-Îles in 2010 to assess the Good Environmental 2013-2016 data) showed that more than 83% colony) will also provide contextual information Status (GES) of European marine waters un- of fulmars collected were affected by plastic lit- on entanglement. der the MSFD. ter. Nevertheless, these results should be taken with some degree of caution given the small sample size (less than 10 fulmars each year in France, while OSPAR recommends a sample of 50 to 100 individuals to calculate this indicator). By pursuing this monitoring over several years, a more robust analysis of the “fulmar” indicator will be achieved. Furthermore, plans are cur- © Cedre © Benjamin Guichard/Office français de la biodiversité rently under consideration to extend this type of

> A northern gannet trapped in a net

> Analysis of a fulmar’s stomach contents monitoring to other species of seabird as well as to other geographical areas (Atlantic coastline). The second possibility focuses on the entangle- The long-term goal defined by OSPAR (Ful- ment and strangulation of sea turtles and ma- mar Litter EcoQO) is for less than 10% of On the Atlantic and western Mediterranean rine mammals observed and described by the beached northern fulmars to exceed 0.1 g coastlines, the assessment of the “litter inges- above-mentioned sea turtle networks and the of plastic in their stomachs. We are still far tion” indicator under the MSFD focuses mainly national stranding network, RNE. short of this goal, with 58% of dead fulmars on ingestion by sea turtles. Monitoring consists found on the beaches of the North Sea hav- in analysing the litter found in the digestive The third initiative underway involves moni- ing more than 0.1 g of plastic in the stomach tract of turtles found dead on the shoreline or toring interaction between litter and subtidal during the period 2005-2014. What’s more, captured alive in fishing gear. This monitoring epibenthic fauna (Ifremer/French national mu- the quantity of plastic found has remained is coordinated by two beached turtle networks, seum of natural history). This type of monitoring almost identical throughout this ten year the French eastern Atlantic sea turtle network could be performed by scuba divers in shallow period. (RTMAE) and the French Mediterranean sea waters, in particular within marine protected By Loïc Kerambrun, Cedre.

Cedre Information Bulletin n° 40 - November 2020 ▪ 11 FEATURE D data management;modelling; prevention, rine litter problem, namelymonitoring and thema CleanAtlantic tacklesseveral facetsof this field, andvolunteers. tal authorities, researchers, key organisations in the maritime and fishing sectors, environmen- stakeholders outside the partnership, such as tic seeks collaboration withothermarinelitter and abovethisintenseteam work, CleanAtlan theMSFD.p.7) andtheimplementationof Over (e.g. OSPAR MarineLitter Regional Action, see contribute totheongoingregional actionplans existing expertise anddeliverresults thatwill participation helpsCleanAtlantic tobuildonthe theproject astheir theassets of ners are oneof the OSPAR Secretariat, and KIMO*. These part tive (MSFD)andtheirscientificadvisorybodies, theMarineStrategy Frameworkcharge of Direc- actors suchasthegovernmentaldepartmentsin key marinelittercounts ontheparticipationof United Kingdom. Among them, CleanAtlantic dre included), Ireland, Portugal, Spain and the covering theentire Atlantic area: France (Ce The project partnership includes 19 partners ties tomonitor, prevent andremove marinelitter. vices inthe Atlantic Area byimproving capabili aims to protect biodiversity and ecosystem ser over 3years (from 2017to2020), CleanAtlantic close to€3.25M(75%fundedbyERDF)andrun tional Program (2014-2020). With a budget funded bytheInterreg* Atlantic Area Transna - Litter in the Atlantic Area” is a European project The CleanAtlantic project on“Tackling Marine the AtlanticArea. Marine Environment andResources atCETMAR(Centro Tecnológico delMar, Vigo,Spain). By MarisaFernández the , Control andManagementof theDepartmentof CleanAtlantic coordinator andHead of 12 CleanAtlantic project

▪

Cedre ping, marinelitter in andremoval of the prevention, monitoring, map cols, andtestingnewtoolstosupport bestpractices,evelopment of proto -

Information Bulletin A holisticapproachto tackling marinelitterintheAtlanticArea n° 40

- November 2020 ------

tial litter reduction scenarios. and ocean-based sources, andproposing poten- marinelitter,of land- studyingtheinfluence of models for forecasting the drift development of litter hotspots, CleanAtlantic isworkingonthe marine With regards totheidentificationof ered. non-indigenousspecieswillbedeliv vectors of cigarette marinedebrisas filtersandthe role of studies ontheharmcausedbycotton budsand on environmental impacts, in-depthscientific the derivedpolicyrecommendations. Focusing marinelitter and garding economicimpactsof for entanglement—, andalso5casestudiesre protocols formonitoring—includingprotocols faces forstoringandanalysingdata, improved theproject includeinter Other key outcomesof closely analysedandclassified. 82 organisations, and717resources havebeen on marinelitter. Sofar, 123projects, atotalof materials publishedbyorganisations working by EUandnationalR&Dprojects, aswellthe ics, apps, etc. sourced from theresults delivered links toreports, guidelines, videos, infograph - waste management, etc.). This toolwillinclude monitoring, fishing for litter, awareness raising, relevant toanytopicrelated tomarinelitter (e.g. database thatwillgiveeasy access toresources Knowledge Tool, anonline whichconsistsof The project isalsodevelopingtheCleanAtlantic atives that address this environmental problem. area, andinformationonpastongoinginiti marine litter in the on the presence of Atlantic and interactive mapstoshowtheavailabledata lantic isbuildingcentralized onlinedatabases outcomes, itisworthmentioningthatCleanAt currently in progress andtherelated expected and awareness-raising. Among theactivities management, marinelitter; andremoval of

- - - - - the tideonmarinelitter. power thedifferent Atlantic stakeholders toturn Overall, CleanAtlantic aimstocontribute toem- pollution. of tips on how everyone can help to tackle this type marinelitter andgive environmental impactof is workingtoincrease the publicawareness of Lastly and also very importantly, CleanAtlantic ing Gear (ALDFG). Abandoned,of Lost orotherwiseDiscarded Fish- ties, and test different protocols for the removal ing forlitter passive andactiveschemeactivi for reducing fishing-related litter, carryoutfish- tices inwastemanagement, developprotocols Kingdom tocapture andimplementbestprac in Spainandavolunteergroup intheUnited ners are collaborating withthefishingindustry marinelitter, theremoval of In termsof thepart- Portugal

the CleanAtlanticproject >Countries withorganisationsinvolvedin Ireland Spain United Kingdom France Madeira Azores Canary Islands

Characterising shoreline pollution scope of the survey. All these initiatives will Good practices for shoreline litter very soon be accessible via an interactive plat- collection What types of litter are most the frequent on form available from the project website. beaches in the Atlantic area? Are there region- How can we clean beaches efficiently without al specificities? Impact assessment: cigarette butts risking causing harm to the environment?

The statistical analysis conducted from the Cigarette butts are commonly found on beach- An online survey will be launched for local data in the OSPAR Beach Litter database es. What is their fate when they reach the sea authorities, site managers and NGOs in order (obtained through a monitoring programme and what is their environmental impact? to determine exactly who does what and how, which records the number and detailed cat- in this field. Information and feedback will egory of all the litter found in a single 100 m thus be collected and will lay the groundwork section of beach, 4 times a year) for 62 sites for drawing up recommendations and good along the Atlantic coast of 5 countries during © Cedre practices, taking into account the operational the period 2016-2019 reveals: constraints and environmental specificities of the different Atlantic regions. The survey will • the predominance of plastic litter across the also be aimed at identifying major coastal lit- Atlantic area, representing 89% of the total ter hotspots. litter collected, and the high prevalence of certain types of litter (plastic fragments, rope Awareness-raising among profes- > Artificial cigarette smoking to obtain identi- and string, cotton buds, bottle lids and caps, cal butts sionals, school pupils and the gen- cigarette butts); To answer these questions, Cedre, in collabo- eral public ration with Cefas (UK) and IEO (Spain), is ex- • differences between beaches in northern ploring 4 aspects to assess: their behaviour, Diverse awareness-raising actions are carried and southern regions, with more single-use their decomposition, the chemical contami- out regularly by all the project partners in the plastic found on the Iberian coasts (in par- nation they generate and their toxicity for ma- form of conferences, workshops or simple pro- ticular cigarette butts, which are composed rine organisms. ject presentations for school pupils or during of synthetic fibres, of which large quantities public events. Dissemination materials devel- were collected on certain beaches) and more The first results point to complex behaviour oped by the consortium are now available on litter from fishing and aquaculture (in particu- due to the presence of air which affects their the project website. Cedre has developed two lar thin ropes) in northern countries. buoyancy and therefore their sinking time; games: one on identifying litter collected on intrinsic toxicity due to the chemical compo- the shoreline and the other on pollution of An inventory of initiatives sition of cigarette butts with rapid transfer of the marine environment by cigarette butts. contaminants in seawater; and overall slow Public awareness-raising by French partners What current and past initiatives have been decomposition that varies according to the will culminate in its crowning event at the organised in the Atlantic area to combat ma- compartment: very slow on the beach (butts next edition of the Brest international mari- rine litter? practically intact after 11 months) and faster time festival thanks to a partnership with its in water. organisers Brest Événements Nautiques. In An online survey was launched to find an- addition to conducting ongoing awareness- swers to these questions in the project’s 5 raising throughout the event, Cedre will play countries among different stakeholders (lo- a key role in preventing and reducing litter cal authorities, NGOs, site managers, etc.) within the festival area and will assess the ef- and was shared on social media. It identified ficiency of the preventive and incentive meas- 253 initiatives, actions and measures (105 in ures taken by keeping a daily record of the France, 56 in Portugal, 52 in Spain, 23 in the litter recovered on the water together with a United Kingdom and 17 in Ireland). These map of litter on the bottom, produced before initiatives are divided into 5 main categories and after the festival. (observation and monitoring: 59; cleaning and collection: 103; circular economy: 22; awareness-raising: 61, and policies: 8), and © Cedre

each category is subdivided into 4 to 9 sub- > Underwater device used to study the break- categories. This inventory continues to be down of cigarette butts, installed at the Marina du Château in Brest, in collabora- conducted on an ongoing basis beyond the tion with Brest’s marinas

Cedre Information Bulletin n° 40 - November 2020 ▪ 13 FEATURE B matter of preventing theirlossmatter onland. of plasticslostatthesea ismostlya problem of and innovation, asweknowthattacklingthe ment, circular economy, regulations, research, marineenvironment,fields of wastemanage - specialistsandauthoritiesfrom the anced mixof required forthechallengewefaced:itisa bal project consortium encompasses the diversity Portugal, SpainandtheUnitedKingdom. The public and private entities from France, Ireland, sive partnership, whichthenledustoinvite12 guarantee thefinancingforan Atlantic Arc inclu- terreg* Atlantic Area callwhichallowedusto action. And thus, in2016weappliedtoanIn Ireland,of tookonthelead forthiscollective ing marinedevices. Portugal, withthesupport temperature sensitivefoodordrinks, andfloat such asfishboxes, fast-foodcontainersfor expanded orextruded polystyrene,made of products theimpactof plan isthereduction of theactionsincludedinOSPAROne of action and land-basedorigin. marinelitter,jor sources of bothsea-based of specific problems whichare considered asma contracting countries, alldedicatedtovery tions to be undertaken byalltheOSPAR area bold planincludesmore than30collectiveac- the east EuropeanAtlantic Ocean. partof This litterand prevent therelease intotheNorth- of time astheOceanWise project wasbeingde would beaboutCircular Economy. At thesame So, weassumed that theOceanWise approach The OceanWise approach By 14 OceanWise project

Sandra Moutinho ▪

Cedre Plan (seep.7), withtheaimtoreduce proved the firstMarine Litter Action technical group onmarinelitter ap ack in2014, theOSPAR Commission Searching forsolutionstoreducetheimpactofmarinelitter

Information Bulletin caused byexpandedandextrudedpolystyrene(EPSXPS) ,

Direçao-Geral deRecursos Naturais, Segurança eServiçosMarítimos–DGRM, Portugal, project coordinator. n° 40

- November 2020 ------try practices. We havejustinitiatedthesecond attainable underthecurrent economyorindus situations forwhichnosustainablesolutionsare as toinformtheproject team aboutthecurrent and XPS within circular economy cycles, as well help usdesignthebestproposals tokeep EPS dustries andotherinterested partieswhichcan allthein which are opentotheparticipation of workshops we organise acomprehensive set of Across thefivecountriescovered bytheproject, stakeholder engagement.extensive periodof We designedthis3-year project toincludean has beenkey totheprocess stakeholders Active involvementof released in2021. theOceanWise project,the endproduct of tobe also asbestpractices fortheindustry, anditis ommendations toimprove publicpoliciesand rec This catalogueistobeshapedasasetof marine environment”. getting lostafter beingusedandreaching the solutions toprevent EPSor XPS products from cular economy options do not offer reasonable them against alternatives whenever current cir to themarineenvironment, andtocompare impact be assumed tobeapriorityinterms of EPS/XPSplasticandwhichcan rently madeof products or applications which are cur the setof sustainablesolutionsfor duce acatalogueof To putitsimply, weframed ouraimas“topro theproject? theprocess andtheobjectivesof of sion. Butwhatexactly doesthismean interms principles proposed bytheEuropean Commis structure andaimsare alignedwiththegeneral concern for marine litter. The OceanWise project the European Commission, whichtookonthe signed, so was the new Plastics Strategy from

------ers, manyinnovationproposals havearisen, listeningtothestakeholdWithin theprocess of economic valueinthedischarged products. lations, orintroducing investmenttohelpkeep gies, othertimesitwillbeaboutchangingregu times, itmaybeaboutforging industrialsyner EPS. theapplicationsorusesof Some some of contribute toamuchmore circular economy for ning toenvisageoperational solutionsthatcan also thestakeholders themselves, are begin Wise umbrella, theproject team, andsoindeed between stakeholders evolvesundertheOcean - so farweare happytofeelthatasthedialogue It isstillfartoosoontodraw conclusions, but First lessons learnt tions andbestpractices. solu before theyintegrate thefinalcatalogueof the project stakeholders andotherspecialists which willbeputtotheexperienced opinionof group of participantsnext year.group of scheduled inthefivecountriestoengage workshops,round of andtwomore setsare

>OceanWise projectpartners

© OceanWise ------protective padding)are alsofound. aging materials(packingchipsandstrands or Objects suchastrays andlidsaswell aspack fragments.EPS/XPS iscollectedintheformof plastic litter recorded. The vastmajorityof litter and14.8%of the totalabundanceof the monitoringsites, representing 12.3%of cm) identifiedasEPS/XPSwere collectedat 2019, more than 15,000 litter items (>2.5 For France, initial results indicate that in dom. FranceAtlantic coastsof andtheUnitedKing- found items) will be calculated mainly for the totallitter andmostcommonly percentage of dom. The mainparameters selected (average, a shortstudycarriedoutintheUnitedKing France for 2019. The other statistical source is in thecountriesstudied, withtheexception of too recent and has not yet been implemented the MSFDmakes thisdistinction, howeveritis coverage. The monitoringorganised under more limited timeframe andgeographical The study is basedonothersources witha general, theycannotbeusedasareference. do notdistinguishEPS/XPSfrom plasticsin pollution.this formof As OSPAR inventories In reality, little informationisavailableon beach litter? rene (EPS) and extruded polystyrene (XPS)in expanded polysty What isthe proportion of in the Atlantic area Characterising shoreline pollution By Loïc Kerambrun, Camille Lacroix , Silvère André, MarinePaulZéler, andAurore Cedre. Cedre’s roleintheOceanWiseproject

shoreline >Fragments ofEPScollectedontheFrench

© Cedre - - - and thetoxicity formarineorganisms. chemicals generated due to the release of behaviour, decomposition, thecontamination pects toassess EPS/XPSandtheiralternatives: ration withUBSandCefas, isexploring 4 as To answerthesequestions, Cedre, incollabo offer byindustrytoday? fate at sea? What alternative materials are on What istheirenvironmental impactandtheir ment EPS/XPS in the marine environ- Assessing thefateandimpactof

cial beach new andweatheredEPSonCedre’s artifi >Studying thereleaseofcontaminants by Cedre - © Cedre

© Cedre - - Information Bulletin backgrounds. by sometwentystakeholders withdiverse second inBrest, whichwere attended each of ready taken place, the first in Lorient and the fourparticipatory workshops.of Two haveal jointly organising, atnationallevel, aseries French partners (UBS, SeaBird and Cedre) are theconsortium,Like allthemembersof the the general public and professional stakeholders and Involving institutional, industrial at CedreaspartoftheOceanWiseproject during aparticipatoryworkshoporganised Mind mappingthelifecycleofEPS/XPS fields of urban,fields of rural andcoastaldevelopment,

tecting, preserving andimproving themarine > International organisation committed to pro- interregional cooperation withinEurope and European programme intendedtopromote economic developmentandenvironmental the development of shared solutions inthe the developmentof HELP LIST * management environment Interreg

* n° 40 KIMO ?

- November 2020

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FEATURE crustaceans, molluscsorfish. different organisms: bacteria, algae, culture tanks tostudytheeffects on various sizesandtheotherwithaqua- rooms, oneequippedwithaquariums of isms andhastwotemperature-controlled Cedre iscertifiedtostudylivingorgan- tunnel androom Temperature-controlled experimentation ber toweather plasticsincontrolled conditions. the polymer(s) contained in plastics, and a And soonaFourier-TransformInfrared Analysertoanalyse matrices: plastics, water, sedimentandbiota. and othercontaminantsindifferent GC-MS/MS isusedtoanalyseadditives plastics. polymers andadditivescontainedin Pyrolysis-GC-MS isusedtoanalyse extracts microplastics from sediment. The Microplastic/Sediment Separator FEATURE Analytical laboratory impacts onorganisms Facilities toassessthe A With itsanalyticalskillsanduniquefacilities “aquaticinvolved intheissue of litter”. and chemicalsspiltatsea, Cedre isnowheavily thebehaviour,study of oil fateandimpactsof just astepaway. Historicallyspecialisedinthe Oil, styrene, polystyrene... From oil, plasticswere By 16 experimental tools A zoominonCedre’s

Camille Lacroix, ▪

Cedre sea continuum. response equipment alongtheland- litter andfacilitiestotest impacts of toolstostudythefateand n array of

Information Bulletin

Cedre.

n°40

- November 2020 weathering cham- saline, brackish or freshwater conditions, thanks can becarriedout, bothindoorsandoutdoors, in At ourfacilities, analysisandexperimental work purposes. whether forresearch orequipment assessment questions,provide answers toawidearray of ent scales (from laboratory to pilotscale) and to to performinstrumentedexperiments atdiffer oped tostudyoilandchemicals, Cedre isable and tools, whichwere initiallydevel mostof Study: behaviour water, staticanddynamic Simulation: watercolumn, fresh tosalt immersion-emersion, Simulation: foreshore (mud, sand), Study: assessment Study: face, watercolumnandbottom Arctic totropical conditions, sur wind, current), fresh tosaltwater, Simulation: calmtorough (swell, Experimentation Shoreline testbench behaviour, behaviour, columns Polludrome

weathering - -

equipment

fr particulate contaminants. dissolved and system thatretains alltypesof safety, withacomplementarymobilefiltration tion, version 2015) in complete environmental QHSE policy(ISO9001andISO14001certifica from Océanopolis), and, inaccordance withour Brest roadstead) orfiltered (aquariumwater to aseawater supply, usedeitherraw (from the esh tosaltwater ®

- - assessment Study: release surface andbottom, controlled water tobrackish environment, Simulation: waterbody, salt From thelaboratory tothenatural environment Study: equipmentassessment Simulation: slipway, controlled release Outdoor testtank Port structures

weathering, equipment weathering, wharf, pontoon, assessment Study: Simulation: ters, controlled release and belowsurface, drains, gut- Urban structures behaviour, outfallsabove

equipment in real conditions(insitu ) Study: ditions fresh tosaltwater, Arctic totropical con Study: weathering Simulation: surfaceandbottom, fresh tosaltwater Simulation: (Brest marinas, etc.). litter inthemarineenvironment ing of ods tostudythebehaviourandweather ral environment over varying time peri- able tocarryoutexperiments inthenatu Through variouscollaborations, Cedre is Possibilities forexperimentation Weathering systems Floating mesocosms behaviour, Cedre

surfaceand water column,

Information Bulletin ment assessment Study: Simulation: buried, controlled release environment, atthesurfaceor riprap, saltwatertobrackish

weathering Man-made beach

weathering, equip weathering, sand, stones, n° 40

- November 2020

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FEATURE a fewrecentprojects Cedre’s involvementinFrenchandEuropeanresearch: FEATURE Study ofthefateandimpactcigarettebuttsonmarineenvironment Study oftheimpactfoamedpolystyrene onthemarineenvironment. nanoplastics inthemarineenvironment. Characterisation andstudyoftheimpacts and healthrisks of micro- and Evaluation ofplasticpollutionintheScatteredIslands. Study oftheimpactmicroplasticsexposureinfish upinthe end to environment onfarmedshellfish. liable and pesticides microplastics of effects the of Study 18 2 6

1 5 4 3 A in France (CNRS, Ifremer, ANSES…) andabroad (Cefas intheUK, IEOin ric gatheringuniversitylaboratories andmajorresearch institutesboth drop, research intoaquaticlitter atCedre issetwithinacollaborative fab a collaborativeeffort Aquatic litterandresearch: By

▪ 2 NANOPLASTICS CLEANATLANTIC AQUAECOs OCEANWISE MICMAC MERLIN microplastiques

CamilleRonan Lacroix Jézéquel, and Cedre. Cedre decision-making andsolutiondevelopment. Against thisback its distribution, behaviour, fateandimpacts, andthussupport which callsuponnumerous disciplinestobetter understand quatic litter (bothmarineandfreshwater) isacomplex issue

Information Bulletin 3 5 5 6

n°40 1 5

1 - November 2020 4 2 5 6 4

5 - - plans, G7, etc.). toring, litter inrivers, etc.)setupunderdifferent frameworks (national thisissueon different(microplastics measurements, aspectsof biomoni sion-making, Cedre isalsoinvolvedinseveral workinggroups focusing Western Brittany. Positioned attheinterfacebetweenresearch anddeci such asthe“Polymers andOceans” GDRandthededicatedcommunityin Spain, etc.). Itisalsosetwithinnationalandregional scientificnetworks created inearly 2019 in theaquaticenvironment plastics group on the fate of French nationalresearch By ture andthebestsolutions. possibilities forthefu- study of long-term risks, andfinallythe plastics and the the impactsof their ultimatefate, thestudyof enter theenvironment upuntil plasticsfrom themomentthey of thebehaviour areas: thestudyof working in three main scientific researchers from 45laboratories Today, thegroup comprises215 new interdisciplinary research. to promote theemergence of in theaquaticenvironment and polymers research intothefateof entific communityinvolvedin to bring together theFrench sci CNRS, ANSES andIfremer, aims by CNRSandjointlyfunded This research group (GdR), led GdR’s executive committee. together thescientificcommunity National andregionalnetworkstobring more info www

Fabienne Lagarde (IMMM)forthe gdr-polymeresetoceans.fr - Brittany ated dynamicsin Western ter communityandassoci - amarinelit Construction of and ChristopheMaes(IRD). and IEEEOES) (IMTBy René Garello Atlantique in December2018and2019. tification, were organised inBrest debris”, itsobservationandiden- “marine the general themeof two internationalworkshops on tional levels. Onthelatter point, visibility atnationalandinterna its cal levelandenhancementof thecommunityatlo the lifeof tender bidding, contributionto student projects, collaborative workshops,the organisation of trigger concrete actionssuchas will betofostersynergies andto thecommunity the purposeof parties involved. Inthelongterm, litter andtogaininsightintothe community workingonmarine in July 2019toidentifythelocal An initialeventwasorganised dynamics in Western Brittany. on thisissue togetherwithlocal a combinedcommunityfocused nity. Ourgoalistherefore tobuild be addressed byasinglecommu plex andmultifacetedcannot marinelitterThe iscom issue of

------(MSFD) were applied. the MarineStrategy Framework Directive for beach litter monitoringprogrammes under To doso, theprotocols usedinmainlandFrance (between 1and5mm)foundontheshoreline. macro-litter (>5mm)andlarge microplastics Cedre was tasked with sampling and analysing the Scattered Islands. theproject, As part of nanoplastic levelswere assessed onandaround in April 2019, duringwhichmacro, micro and aboard the Mer, revolves around amonth-longexpedition LOMIC laboratory (UMR7621)inBanyuls-sur- laboratory (UMR5623)in Toulouse andthe carried outinpartnershipwithCedre, theIMRCP and Tromelin). This project, led by CNRS and Islands (Europa, Juan deNova, GloriosoIslands theScattered plasticpollutioninfourof levels of (TAAF), theMICMAC project focusesonassessing Southern and led by the French Antarctic Lands 2020 inter-organisational research programme Funded the ‘Scattered Islands’ 2018- as part of changes suchasplasticpollution. insight intoforthcomingmajorenvironmental tem. They are anideal observatorytoprovide T By macroplastics –pollution assessment MICMAC project:microplastics, in theScatteredIslands

Camille Lacroix, >Litter onabeach on TromelinIsland. ment, makingthemareference ecosys home toanextraordinary environ theIndianOcean,mote partof are he Scattered Islands, locatedinare Marion Dufresne whichtookplace

Cedre.

© Cedre - - - ocean currents." coastal) andsource activitieswithrespect to well asidentifyingtheirorigins(deepsea or litter foundontheislands’coastlinesas of acterise thequantitiesandcompositions thisoperation wastochar objectiveof “The Scattered Islands. and toassess thecontaminationacross thefour order todeterminetheirmicroplastic content theislandsin sandtaken ontheshoreline of of samples 2020 withthelaboratory analysis of beach.per 100mof The project continuesin sorted, withonaverage 1,213litter itemsfound studied. 14,455 litter items were collected and In total, 13sitesacross thefourislandswere was entirely conductedduringtheexpedition. macro-litterThe sortingandidentificationof land priortosortingandidentificationphases Litter collectedfromabeachonEuropaIs mark onabeachJuandeNova Island. >Microplastics collectedfromthehightide > Cedre -

Information Bulletin cro- andnanoplastics. mi ible pollutionduetothepresence of invis back willnowreveal theextent of the samples we brought tory analysis of biodiversity.to besanctuariesof Labora thispollutiononislands considered of theenvironmental impact question of thropogenic pollution, whichraises the these islands are greatly affected by an results confirmthat, although remote, around thefourislandsvisited. These tic pollutionwasrevealed bothonand theislands, plas of theomnipresence of shore, incoastalwatersorontheshores during theassignment, whetheroff- Through theprotocols implemented tics. plas approaches tostudyallsizesof ence areas anditcombinesvaried studies asnon-anthropised refer remote islands considered inmost MAC project is that it focuses on theMIC The two-fold specificityof nitely small pollution, from large to infi plastic MICMAC: a review of researcher andMICMAC project leader. mark onabeachJuandeNovaIsland. >Litter andmicroplasticsalongthehightide By

Alexandra TerHalle,

n° 40 ABOUT

- November 2020

CNRS CNRS

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FEATURE FEATURE and aquaculture (spatcollectorsondishesor fishing traps andpots, floats, trace lines, etc.) net,litter isfrom thefishingindustry (piecesof beached thetotalamountof proportion of in certaincoastalsectors, anon-negligible RNS-MD-L, coordinated byCedre) showsthat beach litter monitoring networks (suchas data from the FrenchThe analysis of national By Loïc Kerambrun , Cedre. 20 seas: Fishing forLitter When fishermenclean the involved are volunteers and are not paid the fishingindustry. Allthefishermen sea whilealsoraising awareness within land. FFL litter at reduces thequantityof on rubbish isrecycled ordisposedof the bagsare collectedregularly andthe Once unloadedinaparticipatingport, their netsduringnormalfishingactivities. bags tocollectthedebrisgathered in idea: providing fishingboatswithlarge fishing industry. FFL isbuiltonasimple themainplayers: on board oneof Fishing forLitter (FFL)inabidtobring International launchedaproject dubbed To resolve thissituation, in2004KIMO shore, butthenwhowilldeal withit? it: throw itbackoverboard orbringitto whattodowith there isthequestionof above thetimespentremoving thislitter, in theirfishingnetsandgear. Overand Fishermen often bring onboard litter

and aquaculture Litter fromfisheries ▪ 2016-2019 >Data fromtheCleanAtlanticproject

Cedre

Information Bulletin n° 40

the

- November 2020 Organisation). and theotherby T.É.O ( (Ligue pourlaProtection desOiseaux in theirprospective phase, onebyLPO in Charente-Maritime, twoprojects are as systemintheMediterranean, while Grau-du-Roi) isbeginningtoroll outsuch by the plasticlitter andisled the recycling of the locally andrecently inSpain. InFrance, and theFaroe Islands, aswell more Kingdom, theNetherlands, Sweden frequently implementedintheUnited this system. Sincethen, FFL hasbeen that itsMemberStates introduce Action PlanforMarineLitter andrequests themeasures initsRegional as oneof approved theFishing forLitter project for thistask. The OSPAR Convention

ReSeaclons project (which includes © Cedre Institut marinduSeaquarium tackled inclosecollaboration withstakeholders issue. focus,This newarea of whichisnaturally gradually becomeincreasingly involved in this thisissue,certain aspectsof Cedre has CleanAtlantic andOceanWise, whichaddress fishing) and a partner in 2 Interreg projects, bring toshore litter caughtintheirnetswhile Fishing forLitter initiative(whereby fishermen technical group whichpromotes thevoluntary theOSPARAs amemberof MarineLitter introduce initiatives tomitigatethispollution. leads professionals from bothsectorsto ropes, oysterbags, etc.), whichincreasingly

Finistère from netmending,collectedontheshoresof >Ropes, includingmanypiecesoftrawlnetleft

By Loïc Kerambrun, Taho’e Éco- Cedre. in ) required toreduce itspresence on litter andthe equipment this typeof teachers, weexplored theoriginof discussions withprofessionals and net mendingoperations. Following trawlnet left over frompieces of fishing industry, inparticularsmall litter generated bythe quantity of vinec inearly 2019revealed alarge on theGrève Blanchebeach inGuil litter collected Initial observation of their future career. thinking aboutbetter practices in excellent springboard togetthem marine litter andproved tobe an theissue of students’ awareness of network, wastheopportunitytoraise in Guilvinec, through theRNS-MD-L litter onabeachThe monitoring of in Guilvinectake action vocational maritimeschool practices: students at the From thebeach tobetter

© Cedre pre) organised bytheCoopération Maritime. those devotedtousedfishinggear (PechPro • participationinspecificworkshops suchas waste col withaviewtodefining typologiesforsuch lected at sea, a proto- with the development of knowledgeonlitter col • theimprovement of cific participatoryworkshops (OceanWise) conferences ormore spe • theorganisation of France andthe Atlantic area (CleanAtlantic) duction, recovery andrecycling initiativesin marinelitter prevention,• aninventory of re • hostinginternsfrom maritimeinstitutions tion professionals, etc. ers suchasmaritimeschools, seafood distribu nation actions, withandformarinestakehold • awareness-raising andinformationdissemi mainly concernsthefollowingaspects: from the fishing andaquaculture industry, - sue the development of herproject. sue thedevelopmentof thanks towhichshewasablepur heldinLorient in October 2019,mer” ing thefestival“Les aventuriersdela maritime initiativescompetitiondur Audugé wasanaward-winner inthe With the Sacabout project, Maëlisse ing netsonthedeckorquayside. rope whenmend to collectscraps of that fishermencanattach totheirbelt a smallbasket, styledthe“Sacabout”, her technical project: tool as part of (BTS student) toputforward a new the shoreline. This inspired Maëlisse and Maëlisse Audugé, studentin 2nd year of avocationaltechnical 2nd year of diploma inFishing andMarine By Fabien Quéroué, Environment Management. teacher - - -

------By nation tothegeneral public. broadcast contribute toinformationdissemi in articlesbeingpublishedordocumentaries Regular contactswiththemediawhichresult Festival duFilm Scientifiquede Roscoff, etc.). events (Festival desdéchets, Researchers’ Nightandotherless frequent especially through eventssuchasEuropean semination andawareness-raising actions, ... byregularly takingpartininformationdis Informing thegeneral public... sector. and economicstakeholders in the maritime lic andschoolpupils, andsupportsindustrial awareness-raising actionsforthegeneral pub- In thiscontext, Cedre carriesoutnumerous conceived ideas. well-intentionedbutill- avoiding thepitfallof litter andtoputinplace goodpractices, while the challenges raised by derstanding for all of objective information, toensure abetter un clear,ute tothedissemination of reliable and spreads, itisimportantthatscientistscontrib- in whichinformationisdeformedasfastit Furthermore, inaperpetuallychangingworld pollution. litter are sourcesand impactof Poor thefate practices andpoorknowledgeof against litter intheenvironment. raising play anessential role inthefight Information dissemination andawareness- and awareness-raisingactions Cedre: information dissemination

Camille Lacroix, Panel sessionattheFestivaldesDéchets in Brest,on3rdJune 2019 >

Cedre. Défi Plastique,

© Cedre - - - Festival. theBrest InternationalMaritime organisers of ship with apartner Our latestaction:thesignature of ences, ororganising participatory workshops. ...by takingpartinpanelsessions andconfer and offshore stakeholders... Accompanying industryandcoastal scientists initsinitiative. responsibility objectivesbyinvolving its commitmentandtoreinforce itseco- Événements Nautiquesiskeen toboost issues related tomarinepollution. Brest the 712,000visitorsonenvironmental minimum andtoraise awareness among the festival’s environmental impacttoa form apartnership. The aimistoreduce International MaritimeFestival decidedto For itsnext edition, Cedre andtheBrest marinelitter.the issue of gether to raise public awareness of Festival andCedre are workingto- The Brest InternationalMaritime International MaritimeFestival Cedre partnerstheBrest Brest Événements Nautiques, By

Camille Lacroix,

Cedre. Cedre the - -

Information Bulletin launched bytheFondation TaraOcéan. tory scienceprogramme forschoolpupils, also beenascientificpartnerinparticipa pollution.type of Sincelate2019, Cedre has sight intoyoungpeople’s this perception of Such discussion sessions provide better in- ... byregularly givingtalks toschoolpupils. stakeholders... Raising awareness amongfuture raising and monitoring awareness-the crossroads of glass: participatory scienceat Plastic inthemagnifying deployed inthecomingyears. ongoing initiativewillbemore broadly mainland France.and banks of This new measuring thepollutiononbeaches litter andmicroplastics withaviewto of protocols, the classes willtake samples protocol adapted from the OSPAR/MSFD educational purpose. Basedonasimple Agency, ADEME, hasadualscientificand Environment andEnergy Management Mer servatoire Océanologique deBanyuls-sur- ed incollaboration withCedre andthe This participatoryscienceproject conduct- the MSFD. decision-making atEuropean level, under useful dataforscientific research and among schoolpupilswhileacquiring plasticpollution raise awareness of launched aneducationaloperation to In early 2020, the Fondation TaraOcéan, Jean-François in charge of theproject at Bourgain incharge of Océanologique deBanyuls-sur-Mer, and inpartnershipwiththeFrench By Brigitte Sabard a scientificpartnerintheproject. Ghiglione from theObservatoire

n° 40 Fondation TaraOcéan

- November 2020

and Pascaline

Ob-

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21 -

FEATURE STUDIES C oils. A testprotocol andatest benchwere spe the selecteddetectionsystems, usingvarious theproject was devotedtoassessing Phase 2of the trials. into 8technologicalgroups, were selectedfor Following thefirstphase, 19sensors, divided tal workinthetwofollowingphases. suppliers inorder toprepare fortheexperimen technical characteristics were collected from the correctly operated duringthetrials, thenthe ing byeach suppliertoensure each systemwas the project. Cedre’s team wasthengiventrain- their participation in terms and conditions of the equipmenttobetestedanddefining ket, presenting the project to the suppliers of the main technologies available on the mar The firstphasemainlyconsistedinidentifying By 22 detection systems Trials onsurfaceoil

Subsea viewofthesensorsinoillayer Mikaël Laurent, ▪ >

Cedre a two-year period(2018and2019)involvedsetting upa floatingoil.point detectionof This project wascarriedoutover themaintechnologiesavailableonmarket for formances of itspartnerswithassessingedre wastasked theper byoneof

Information Bulletin

engineer inthe Analysis andResources DepartmentatCedre. n° 40

- November 2020 - - - with 3different oils, whichwere first each of During this phase, all the sensors were tested during whichthetemperature was setto20°C. way forthetestbenchdesigned forthetrials, from itstemperature-controlled room tomake the Polludrome®, wastemporarily removed this trial phase, Cedre’s flume tank, known as To ensure aconstanttemperature throughout thetestbench.sides of system tosimultaneouslyrelease oilatboth For this, theteam cameupwithaningenious thesensors. oilundereach of same thickness of simultaneously presenting the to becapableof ditions foreach sensortestedandwasrequired was designedtoguarantee thesametrialcon thesystemstobetested.ers of The testbench cially developedandvalidatedbyallthesuppli

- phase depended on the results of the previous.phase dependedontheresults of The studywasdividedinto3distinct, iterative parts, meaning thateach 9peoplefrom Cedre’smultidisciplinary team of different departments.

- - modified andmodified/emulsified). defined bytheirviscosityandstate(un the19sensorswere assessed ontheseoils of oil. 6 types of ing a total of The performances water (50%contentinthemixture), giv used as“fresh” oil, thenemulsifiedwithfresh-

>Preparing thetestbenchfornocturnal trials

© Cedre - - ness of 10cm).ness of third andfinalproject phase(dieselwithathick test phaseandwere selectedtoconduct the sensorswere identifiedfollowingthesecond of ness withthebestresult forthehighestnumber nalising certainsensors, theoiltypeandthick the 19 sensors.the performances of To avoid pe- environmental parameters on the influenceof The third project phaseconsistedinassessing emulsified oils. sors, highviscosityor inparticularthecaseof certain sen- tested as well as the limitations of detection threshold thicknesses foreach oiltype this second phase revealedThe the results of reversibility criterion. between twoleaks) wasalsostudiedtodefine a thesensors secutive leaks (withoutcleaning of for each sensor. Their abilitytodetecttwocon minutes, andthedetectiontimewasmeasured 30 each thickness preserved foraperiodof floating oil,an increasingly thick layer of with For each oil type, thesystemswere testedwith

- - - © Photo credit during thisproject, ourpartnerwillbeableto Through thestudiesandevaluationsconducted ditions andthatfalsealarmscan betriggered. tain sensorsare sensitivetoenvironmental con thisfinalphaseshowedthatcer The results of • • • • • • studied: The followingenvironmental parameters were bench asthatusedforphase2. The trialswere carriedoutinthesametest False alarmsanddetectiontimeswere recorded.

>Nocturnal trials >Design ofthespeciallydevelopedtestbench bench). oil leak ondryground (nowaterintest anestuary); similar tothatof mud in the water (turbidity addition of tive ambienttemperature); ice formationatthewatersurface(nega face; heavyrecreation rain at the water sur of sheets andbeads); floatingmatter (polystyrene addition of cal sensorsonly); light variation:darkandfulldaylight(opti Cedre - - - - -

Information Bulletin © Cedre need. bespoke experimental toolstomeetaspecific Cedre’sity of team todesigntestprotocols and This trialcampaigndemonstrates thecapac founded andcontextualised technical content. qualify surfaceoildetectionsystemsbasedon

>Measuring thethicknessofoillayer >Nocturnal trials

n° 40

- November 2020

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23 © Cedre -

Sinking> Légende à venir of the Grande America

> The Grande America sinking in the Atlantic

In our Bulletin n° 39, we includ- n 10th March, the roll-on/roll-off container ship the ANED (assistance to a vessel in distress) status, under ed a “last minute” article on the Grande America, travelling from Hamburg (Ger- the French maritime emergency response system (ORSEC), Grande America blaze and sink- many) and bound for Casablanca (Morocco), was to level 3, which meant setting up a crisis management ing, which occurred between some 260 km (160 miles) off the French coast, team within the crisis command centre at the Maritime 10th and 12th March 2019. As Oto the south-west of Brittany, Finistère when a fire broke Prefecture for the Atlantic. Cedre joined this team and was promised at the time, today we out at around 8 pm, but was soon brought under control. particularly involved in the study of the cargo of hazardous are reviewing the incident in The ship was transporting 365 containers on its decks, 45 substances liable to be released at sea. more detail. of which contained hazardous substances, as well as 2,000 vehicles (cars, trucks, trailers, heavy-duty vehicles) on its ga- Firefighting operations were suspended on 12th March as rage decks. The situation was reported to the Étel Maritime they were unable to extinguish the fire spreading inside Rescue Coordination Centres (MRCC) and, shortly before the Grande America. In addition, the vessel was beginning By Nicolas Tamic, midnight, the ship’s captain informed the maritime au- to list worryingly to starboard. Around ten containers fell Operations Manager thorities that the situation onboard had worsened. The fire overboard. The ship was drifting slowly eastwards and was at Cedre had broken out again and several containers were ablaze. now some 350 km (215 miles) from the French shore- and Anne Le Roux, line. At around 3:30 pm, the ship sank in waters 4,600 m Emergency Response The French Maritime Prefect ordered the emergency assis- deep, 350 km off Oléron island, with approximately 2,200 Coordinator. tance and salvage tug Abeille Bourbon to be sent on site. tonnes of bunker fuel, 200 tonnes of diesel and 70 tonnes Meanwhile, at around 2 am, the captain together with the of mineral oil onboard. 25 crew members and the single passenger onboard abandoned the vessel and boarded a lifeboat. The weather con- A particularly lengthy offshore oil recovery operation was ditions were harsh. At around 4 am, under the coordination then implemented. The French Navy, backed up by resourc- of the MRCC Étel, the British Royal Navy frigate HMS Argyll es from the European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA) and saved all 27 people. Spain (thanks to the activation of the Biscaye Plan), worked relentlessly to locate and recover the bunker fuel that had On 11th March, the Abeille Bourbon arrived on site at leaked from the vessel as well as the containers drifting at 10 am and began operations to extinguish the raging sea. The shipowner also contributed to operations. blaze. At 1:30 pm, the Maritime Prefect decided to elevate

24 ▪ Cedre Information Bulletin n° 40 - November 2020 consolidated treatment of thewreck. consolidated treatment of the recent leakage observed andtoconsidermore thewreck inlightof to ensure closemonitoringof analysis anddecisionsupport. Itisnowessential tween theFrench Navy andCedre, bothin termsof feedback alsounderlinestheoptimalrelations be thespill.behaviour andevolutionof Finally, this was taken, whileappropriately anticipatingthe for the Atlantic, quickandappropriate action exercises conducted by the Maritime Prefecture gency response system, ORSEC. Thanks toregular the Frenchmance andsolidityof maritimeemer Feedback from thisincidenthighlightstheperfor wreck from thecoast. was little affected the thanks totheremoteness of recovered. To ourknowledge, thebestof birdlife of solidwasteand580m of February 2020. Intotal, inFrance some36tonnes was reported tohavewasheduponthecoastin thewreck andoil the oilremaining inthetanks of pear howevertohavebeeninsufficient tocontain found risingtothesurface. These operations ap the wreck,spection of oil sealed the light leaks of chartered bytheshipowner, after ameticulousin operations. On19th April, anassistance vessel On 2nd April, theMaritimePrefect endedoffshore 3 of liquidwastewere of - - - - - © Marine© Photo nationale credit Cedre's role fect’s decisiontoactivatethedrift committee. These observationstriggered theMaritimePre more difficult. the surface, making aerialandsatellitedetection that inthelongtermoilwould drift below cated recovery operations; predictions suggested drops veryrapidly. These majorfactorscompli the oil’s adherence tooleophilicrecovery systems closeto1.012.with anexpected densityof Finally, to 70%, causing it to become increasingly heavy and whosepredicted emulsificationwasclose viscosity inthelongterm(around 350,000cSt) a persistentoil, withlowdispersibilityandhigh bunker fuel, anIFO380, whichwasshowntobe the called upontodeterminethecharacteristics of as French NavyLASEMlaboratory inBrest were Cedre's laboratory and its Polludrome® as well rate expertise. came togethertooffer theMaritimePrefect first- specialists, ecotoxicologists andmarinebiologists prepared forbattle. Chemists, cartographers, GIS At Cedre’s operational response centre, theteam stances onboard thevessel. potentiallyhazardous noxious sub behaviour of crisis managementteam toaddress thepossible thecargo,some of achemicalengineerjoinedthe itime Prefect forthe Atlantic. Duetothenature of Cedre wasmobilisedfrom 11thMarch bytheMar 10/03/2019 saved 27 people IN SHORT Pointe dePenmarc'h 260 km Brest 580 m lected waste col- of liquid Cedre 3

Bay ofBiscay - - - - 12/03/2019

Information Bulletin in case of shoreline pollution. in caseof expertise inproviding supporttolocalauthorities from south-westFrance topresent itsfacilities and Cedre councillors alsoreceived adelegationof management. ties, privatecompaniesandaddressing volunteer personnel from local authori the involvementof waste storage sites, determiningtheconditionsfor prepared byidentifyingprimaryandsecondary in thisregion. Shoreline clean-up operations were the authoritiesincaseoilshouldreach thecoasts deaux tosetoutplansforshoreline response with for theSouth-West DefenceandSafetyZone inBor our engineers was dispatched to the Prefectureof preparing forshoreline response operations. One fuel oilfrom thevessel. Cedre was alsoinvolvedin whichwere shown tobecontaminated with the of oil samplestaken from afewoiled seabirds, some Alongside operations atsea, Cedre alsoanalysed laboratory. cording to behaviour predictions suppliedbythe provided by committee, whileadaptingthemac- offshore recovery efforts basedontheanalyses tions, allowingtheMaritimePrefect toreposition vided detaileddrift forecasts throughout opera Ifremer and Météo-France, thiscommittee pro - Naval Hydrographic andOceanographic Service), Led SHOM(theFrench byCedre andcomposedof

330 km collected solid waste 36 tonnesof Les Sables-d'Olonne FRANCE

n° 40

- November 2020 La Rochelle 23 daysof crisis management

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https://

elearning.cedre.fr

By Romain Dietschi, Studies and Training Department engineer at Cedre. Following a feasibility and development study conducted as part of the 2017 technical programme, Cedre embarked on a gradual digital transition for certain training materials.

This led to the development of an e-learning Seeking partnerships to develop new tools and an account, trainees can chat with the other par- module on “Surveying sites polluted by oil” in particular to create a hosting platform for our ticipants in their group and with the trainers. In then, in 2018, a second module on the “Be- modules, Cedre and the International Office for this way, Cedre can keep in touch with trainees haviour of chemicals spilt in water” thanks to Water decided to work together. It was through and provide long-term personalised support. co-funding granted by the Region of Brittany. this collaboration that our online training plat- These two learning modules are now available form came to fruition. A testing phase began in Finally, with this new tool, now available in Eng- in English. June 2019 and the platform was opened to the lish, Cedre will be able to offer its partners and public in early April. clients a knowledge sharing solution and to take Designed for a varied audience, each module part in European and international programmes lasts around 2 hours and can be followed up This platform has become an integral part of Ce- as a digital training player. by discussions with one of Cedre’s training en- dre’s learning ecosystem, allowing participants gineers via the discussion forum. Specialised enrolled in our on-site courses to access the documents on the issue (survey forms, guides, learning materials and additional resources be- etc.) are also available. fore, during and after the course. After creating

Learning module 1: Surveying sites polluted by oil Learning module 2: Behaviour of HNS spilled on water

For every major spill, shoreline surveys are critical. They allow decision- Understanding the behaviour of chemicals spilled on water is manda- makers to prioritise the response, to be aware of the extent of the pol- tory to deal with incidents involving HNS (Hazardous and Noxious Sub- lution at a specific time and to assign resources (personnel and equip- stances). Anticipation and solid knowledge of transported substances ment) to deploy and define the most appropriate response techniques. will help to mitigate the consequences on humans and the environ- The command centre needs standard and reliable information on the ment. This online course is intended for local authorities, seafarers on extent of the shoreline pollution. This course aims to train anyone who board chemicals tankers, bulk and gas carriers or container ship and may assist authorities in charge of the response with the surveying of anyone interested in gaining a better understanding of the fate of HNS oiled sites. spills and the consequences for the environment and human health

Following this online course, trainees will be able to: Following the course, trainees will be able to: - Identify which information is important and relevant to give to your - Identify relevant information and parameters affecting the behaviour command centre to conduct the response; of HNS spilled on water; - Perform a survey mission in the field; - Anticipate impacted areas (atmosphere, water surface, water column - Precisely fill in the standard survey form for the oiled shoreline; or seabed); - Segment a shoreline and desribe an oiled shoreline properly. - Refer to appropriate codes and regulations; - Reduce risks and impacts on environment and/or human health by taking measures according to HNS characteristics

Discover these new training modules in English on our platform elearning.cedre.fr

26 ▪ Cedre Information Bulletin n°40 - November 2020 Exercises for the Tanger Med port complex

By Natalie Monvoisin, Training and Studies Department Manager at Cedre. PARTNERSHIPS

For the third year running, two engineers from • the simulation of a spill at the service Cedre travelled to Tangier in Morocco from 12th wharf, requiring containment and recovery to 15th November to conduct a technical audit operations to be organised and specific of the oil spill response equipment at the Tanger port response equipment to be deployed; Med port complex. • a scenario involving a spill at the HTTSA As part of a multiannual contract, Cedre visits the (Horizon Tangier Terminals SA) oil storage facilities every year to improve the port’s spill terminal, the main aim of which was to preparedness. contain the oil slicks by deploying a self- © Cedre inflating boom between the moored vessel In 2019, Cedre drew up a precise inventory of and the quay. all the spill response equipment available and checked that it was in good working order by During this 4-day mission, Cedre’s engineers inspecting or testing it. During this visit, two were able to check all the equipment, train key exercises were also organised with the Safety port personnel, and, together with the port’s Brigade, involving: decision-makers, lay the groundwork for future

Port Authority (TMPA). > Deploying a spill response boom

Agreement signed between Cedre and the Côtes d’Armor Departmental Council

By Nicolas Tamic, Deputy Director at Cedre.

On 19th March 2019, the Côtes-d'Armor Depart- Through this agreement, the Department Coun- spill response equipment procurement policy mental Council renewed its partnership agree- cil or one of the local authorities in the Côtes and by promoting a complementary approach ment with Cedre for a further five years, for the d’Armor area can benefit from Cedre’s expertise, between neighbouring municipalities. Finally, provision of assistance either for preventative whether remotely via its 24/7 assistance or on through this agreement, the Department Coun- measures or in the event of a spill in this area, site according to the extent of the spill. cil has places set aside for its agents on the spill on the shoreline or in a port area under the re- Cedre also provides preventive support by help- response training courses run by Cedre. sponsibility of the department or commune. ing the local and port authorities to define their

Pollustats, a new publication

By Agnese Diverres, Information Department Manager at Cedre. Cedre has recently launched a new publication called “Pollustats”. This document, released as a bilingual (French/English) version for the years 2017, 2018 and 2019, is composed of data obtained from an inventory of incidents around the world made known to Cedre and having resulted in an oil or HNS spill in surface waters. Our team of engineers with expert knowledge of these data are at your disposal for further information.

more info www. cedre.fr

Cedre Information Bulletin n° 40 - November 2020 ▪ 27 Taiwanese delegation visits Cedre

INTERNATIONAL Training and signature of a partnership agreement By Natalie Monvoisin, Training and Studies Department Manager at Cedre. n August 2019, Cedre received a Taiwanese In addition, a visit to the POLMAR stockpile in During this visit, on 30th August, the Ocean delegation led by Taiwan's Vice-Minister of Brest and a demonstration by Brest’s naval Conservation Administration, represented by its the Environment and the Director-General firefighters offered first-hand insight into the Director-General Ms Julia Hsiang-Wen Huang, of the Ocean Conservation Administration French spill response equipment. signed a partnership agreement with Cedre to Ifor training. This training, which fell within the develop cooperation in the field of accidental scope of our continued collaboration with the water pollution, in the presence of Mr Ching-Ta Taiwan administration, marked a new begin- Chuang, Taiwan's Vice-Minister of the Environ- ning following changes to Taiwan’s national ment and Mr Richard Wen-Jiann Ku, representa- oil spill response organisation, with the Ocean tive of the Taipei Representative Office in France. Conservation Administration taking over duties This agreement is a vote of confidence in the previously held by the Environmental Protection services provided by Cedre and will give a new Administration (EPA). Two training sessions, one impetus to the relations between Cedre and the devoted to oil spills and the other HNS spills, Taiwanese authorities and professionals. were attended by 23 representatives from dif-

in Taiwan. > Signing of the partnership agreement

International cooperation: GI WACAF By Natalie Monvoisin, Training and Studies Department Manager at Cedre.

aunched in 2006, the Global Initiative The aim of GI WACAF is to develop and consoli- To fulfil its mission, the GI WACAF project de- for West, Central and Southern Africa (GI date the national oil spill preparedness and re- signs and organises workshops, seminars and WACAF) is a cooperation project between sponse systems of 22 countries in west, central exercises to communicate around existing good the International Maritime Organization and southern Africa. The project works in the practices in all aspects of preparedness and L(IMO) and IPIECA, the global oil and gas indus- spirit of the International Convention on Oil Pol- response, drawing on the expertise and experi- try association for advancing environmental and lution Preparedness, Response and Cooperation ence of governments, industry and other organi- social performance, to enhance the capacity of (OPRC 1990). sations working in this specialised sector. 2019 partner countries to prepare for and respond to was a particularly rich year for collaboration be- marine oil spills. tween Cedre, IMO and IPIECA, with three actions implemented respectively in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (a national workshop on updating the country’s POLMARC contingency plan), South Africa (the 8th GI WACAF Regional Conference) and Senegal (to represent the GI WACAF project during the national exercise SA- MAREX 2019).

more info

The 8th Regional Conference of the Global Initiative for West, Central and Southern Africa on oil > spill prevention and response was held in Cape Town in late October 2019.

28 ▪ Cedre Information Bulletin n° 40 - November 2020 various playersplaced underasingleauthority tion onacomplementaryapproach involving buildingitsoffshore organisathe specificityof a singleadministration, theFrench system has many countriessovereign powersare granted to oilspillresponse.the perspectiveof While in nal mechanismforlawenforcement atsea from lantic, the visitaimedtopresent France’s origi Coordinated bytheMaritimePrefect forthe At sembly inorder toorganise thisexclusive visit. theNationalwith theofficial As departmentsof In mid-2019, initialcontactwasestablished President Cedre’s of Governors. Board of and François Cuillandre, Brest and Mayorof Louis Lauzier, Maritime Prefect for the Atlantic, to France, accompaniedby Vice-Admiral Jean- ment and Teresa Castaldo, Italy Ambassador of ness, First Vice-President theEuropean Parlia of - theUnitedKingdom,mons of Mairead McGuin- John Bercow, Com- the Houseof Speaker of Representatives,the UnitedStates Houseof Commons,House of Nancy Pelosi, Speaker of Bruce Stanton, theCanadian DeputySpeaker of Deputies,President theItalianChamberof of the French National Assembly, Roberto Fico, Richard Ferrand,tion composedof President of Within this framework, Cedre received a delega President theFrench of National Assembly. speakers the washeldinBrest attheinitiativeof in Biarritz, theG7 parliamentary ameetingof theG7Leaders’ Summit On thesidelinesof By NicolasTamic, DeputyDirector atCedre. G7 Parliamentary Cedre receives Speakers - - - - - ties. pert organisation andkey partnertotheauthori Cedre’s role asanationaland international ex high-ranking delegationonceagainreinforces tific andmaritimelandscape, thisvisitfrom a In additiontoitscontributionthelocalscien Cedre’smers inoneof outdoor test tanks. pumps andskim boom andtheoperation of anoffshore tion involvingthedeploymentof gave acontainmentandrecovery demonstra Practical ExpertiseinPollution Response, then showroom. CEPPOL, theFrench Navy Centre of at thetime, andthespillresponse equipment ratory, thePolludrome®, whichwasoperating ties, withaparticularfocusontheanalysislabo Cedre’sthen taken onatourof technicalfacili time Prefect forthe Atlantic, thedelegationwas state action at sea by the Mari- a presentation of preservation, visitedCedre’s facilities. Following liamentary speakers, invitedtoexplore ocean 7thSeptember,On themorningof theG7par monitoring. identification andbehaviourenvironmental pollutant for theexpertise provided intermsof French Navyforoffshore operations andCedre the resources athisdisposal, inparticularthe the MaritimePrefect asthecentral authorityand into this organisation by illustrating the role of Spill response atsea offered excellent insight decision-makingandcoordination.in charge of Cedre ------

Information Bulletin

enforcement atsea presenting theresourcesavailableforlaw >Raphaël Facchinetti,DirectorofCEPPOL, to theG7delegation >Nicolas TamicpresentingCedre'sPolludrome

n° 40

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INFORMATION 30 minute communicationmaterials. autonomy increating allthemostup-to-the- creativity andversatilitybringusevengreater in Cedre’s InformationDepartment. Herskills, joined Cedre asagraphic andwebdesigner and videomaterials. Inlate August 2019, she where sheproduced numerous print, digital and motiondesignerinaBrest-based agency Finistère, shebeganhercareer asagraphic placements withcommunicationagenciesin pliqués design from the followed by a bachelor’s degree in graphic vocational qualificationincommunication Camille studied graphic design, obtaining a experimentation inthefield Arctic. als at Cedre’s facilities and was also involved in involved inpreparing equipmenttestsandtri and organising Cedre’s newshowroom. Heis ourtraining courses many practical sessions of cal facilities, supervising trainees during the thetechni contributing to thepreparation of permanent contract. Hismaindutiesfocuson turned in2019asatechnician, thistimeona first contract with Cedre in2015, Nicolas re oped versatilityandautonomy. Following a years, anexperience duringwhichhedevel on afruittree farmwhere heworked for10 Before joining Cedre, Nicolasbeganhiscareer

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Cedre (LISAA) inRennes. After several work

Information Bulletin Nicolas Loaec Camille Laot Institut Supérieur des ArtsAp- Supérieur Institut n° 40

- November 2020 - - - - and herflavourfor commercial relations. upon her organisation skills, her meticulosity Through hervariedduties, sheisabletodraw Analysis and Resources Department assistant. giene, SafetyandEnvironment assistant and dre’s team inNovember2019asaQuality, Hy customer advisorfortwoyears. Erell joinedCe- Landerneau branch where sheworked asa the bankCrédit MutueldeBretagne atits activity,cover anewsectorof shethenjoined first inpotatoplants, thengrain. Eagertodis ricultural cooperative Triskalia inLanderneau, She thenbecameasalesassistant withtheag the radio stationsNRJandChérieFMinBrest. sales assistant withtheadvertisingagencyfor cial Administration, Erell beganhercareer asa Rennes andathird year inEconomicandSo cialised inSalesandMarketing from ESCin After abachelor’s degree inManagementspe in June 2019asPA totheOperations Manager. set aboutacareer transition andjoinedCedre fresh challenges,Drawn bytheappeal of he the majorceremonies andnational parades. the École de maistrance in the participation of France. Between2015and2017, heorganised the European UnionandtheNATO summitin jor political events: theFrench presidency of In 2008 and 2009, he contributed to two ma- operational units, bothinFrance andabroad. ties, withinmajorcommands, ministriesand with high-ranking militaryandcivilauthori skills. PA Heoccupiedaseriesof positions a diplomaasinPA management andstaff on amilitarycareer inwhichheobtained signed uptotheFrench Navyandembarked During hisfirstyear atuniversity, Romain

Romain Fautaire NEW RECRUITS Erell Cann ------Department atCedre inlate August 2019. technical assistant totheStudies and Training for socialrelations, shetookupthepositionof pertise, herthirstforlearning andherappetite ties, inparticularfundingissues. With thisex sant withthetraining sectoranditsspecifici training organisations, Vanessa is very conver andrelations with tion andtheselectionof each employee’sof needstocourseorganisa - maintenance andlogistics. From theanalysis between 2sitesandspecialisedinproduction, training forsome1,000employeesdivided ble, togetherwith2colleagues, fororganising for 10 years, during which she was responsi - years, andlateratraining coursedesignofficer ficer for4years, thenatraining assistant for6 various positions, firstatraining logisticsof ceutical laboratory in Normandy. Sheoccupied Vanessa worked for20years inalarge pharma With aPersonal Assistant vocationaldiploma, Vanessa Lebriez - - - - - friends. All thebestPierre! nuity to good use, helping out his family and doubt that he will continue to put his inge- at Cedre are verygrateful tohim. We haveno good “fieldskills”. For this, ushere manyof ways anopportunitytolearn anddevelop whether fortrialsorspillresponse, wasal Merit. Leaving forafieldmission with Pierre, Maritime theOrder of Knightof the titleof To reward his hard work, Pierre was awarded systems forthesea basinanditsoysterfarms. put to use his ingenuity to develop protection in Gironde, inthe Arcachon basin, where he volved in the response to the sea wallsandoysterfarms. Hewasequallyin monitor clean-up operations onthebeaches, which hecriss-crossed countless timesto Bay,Noirmoutier IslandandinBourgneuf Erika oilspill, mainlyinthe Vendée area on shoreline clean-up operations following the Middle East. He was heavily involved in operations across France, Europe andinthe Pierre has contributed to many spill response and hisinnovationcapacityadaptability, Meanwhile, drawing onhistechnicalskills no environment haseverstumpedhim! the opensea, icefloes, mangrove swamps... erratic river, an estuary with strong current, certain specifications.requirements of An protocols to meetthesometimesoriginal his ingenuitybydesigningtestbenchesand tation, duringwhichhewasquick to reveal tribute toequipmenttestsandexperimen Pierre wasrecruited byCedre in1992tocon As anindustrialautomationtechnician, Interactive Discover Cedre’s OnlineTrainingCentre area NEW HORIZONS Pierre Richard

Discussion forum elearning.cedre.fr Prestige oil spill,

Completion certificate - - - -

Various documents further reading and toolsfor INNOVATION OUR PUBLICATIONS from ourwebsite ARE AVAILABLE DOWNLOAD

FOR ALL

NEW PUBLICATIONS mation from an operational spills, organising theinfor new sectiononchemical edge, inparticularwitha new practices and knowl ground. Ittakes intoaccount pollution on waterorthe accidental oil or chemical response operations to of able tousesorbentsaspart is aimedatprofessionals li updated shortly. This guide Spill Response”, isduetobe version, Sorbentsfor “Useof leased in2009. The English guide onsorbents, first re French languageoperational the an updatedversionof In January, wepublished (65 pages) Operational Guideon“UseofSorbents” chemical pollution. oilor sponse intheeventof guide focusesonwildlifere- digital format. This practical recently beenreleased in on wildliferehabilitation has theoperational guide sion of The English language ver (127 pages) in English Operational Guideon“WildlifeRehabilitation” Cedre Resources/Publications section

Information Bulletin

www cedre.fr - - - - - copies cost€25. erational Guides), whilehard Resources, Publications, Op- on Cedre’s website(clickon charge digital formatfree of use. The guideisavailablein cautions andlimitationsof waste disposal, aswellpre - deployment techniquesand particularities, regulations, sorbent types, specifications, provides information on makers, thispractical guide both operators anddecision- perspective. Intendedfor

n° 40 on salefor€25. charge, orprintedcopiesare is availableonlinefree of French thisguide versionof our websiteinEnglish. The charge from loaded free of The documentcanbedown pinnipeds, otters and turtles. procedures applicableto tation, italsoaddresses the In additiontobird rehabili

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INFORMATION Cedre AT A GLANCE Based in BREST 60 contingency plans for delivered in the past 10 years 40 years 20 countries 50 staff visited each year emergency €5 60 150 million budget training courses annually activations each year 75 oils studied in 12 years Recognised documentary resource centre with 22,000 20+ references multipartner projects INTERNATIONAL EXPERTS IN in 10 years SPILL PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE

Marine waters / Inland waters / Oil Chemicals / Microplastics / Litter Authorities / Private organisations

Emergency hotline (24/7) +33 (0) 2 98 33 10 10

INTERNATIONAL SCOPE GETTING TO Cedre

www.bibus.fr www.viaoo29.fr

BREST Morlaix St-Brieuc St-Malo Carhaix Quimper Rennes BREST STATION www.sncf.com Lorient Vannes

BREST BRETAGNE AIRPORT www.brest.aeroport.bzh

A one-of-a-kind world-class site with 5 acres of technical facilities

Centre of Documentation, Research and Experimentation on Accidental Water Pollution

715, rue Alain Colas - CS 41836 - 29218 BREST cedex 2 - FRANCE Tel.: +33 (0)2 98 33 10 10 - Fax: +33 (0)2 98 44 91 38 [email protected] - www.cedre.fr