1 Sport and Politics in Germany
Fall 2016
Instructor: John Hoberman Office: BUR 322
Class Meetings: TTH 3:30 – 5:00 Classroom GEA 114
Office hours: MWF 9:00-10:00
Email: [email protected]
August 25.
1. Introduction to the course: “Why Study the Sports World?”
August 30, September 1.
2. Friedrich Ludwig Jahn and Nationalist Gymnastics
1. Léon Poliakov, “Arndt, Jahn and the Germanomanes,” in The History of Anti-Semitism: From Voltaire to Wagner (New York: The Vanguard Press, 1975): 380-391.
2. Hans Kohn, “Father Jahn and the War Against the West,” in The Mind of Germany (New York: Harper Torchbooks, 1960): 69-98.
3. Christiane Eisenberg, “Charismatic National Leader: Turnvater Jahn, “ in European heroes: myth, identity, sport (J.A. Mangan and Pierre Lanfranchi, eds. (London: F. Cass, 1996): 14-27. 2
September 6, 8.
3. Kulturkampf & Modernität: Sport vs. Turnen
4. Gertrud Pfister, “Cultural confrontations: German Turnen, Swedish Gymnastics and English sport – European diversity in physical activities from a historical perspective,” Culture, Sport, Society, Vol.6, No.1 (Spring 2003): 61–91.
[http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/1461098031233127 1489]
5. Udo Merkel, “The Politics of Physical Culture and German Nationalism: Turnen versus English Sports and French Olympism, 1871-1914,” German Politics and Society 21 (Summer 2003): 69- 96.
September 13, 15.
4. Arbeitersport and the Socialist Critique of “Bourgeois” Sport
6. John Hoberman, “The Origins of Socialist Sport: Marxist Sport Culture in the Years of Innocence,” in Sport and Political Ideology (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1984): 170-189.
7. Robert F. Wheeler, “Organized Sport and Organized Labour: The Workers’ Sports Movement,” Journal of Contemporary History 13 (April 1978(: 191-210.
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September 20, 22.
5. Jews and Sports in Early 20th-Century Germany
8. Arnd Krüger, “’Once the Olympics are through, we’ll beat up the Jew’: German Jewish Sport 1898-1938 and the Anti-Semitic Discourse,” Journal of Sport History (Summer 1999): 353-375. [http://library.la84.org/SportsLibrary/JSH/JSH1999/JSH2602/jsh2 602g.pdf]
September 27, 29.
6. Nazi Sport Ideology
9. John M. Hoberman, “”Nazi Sport Theory: Racial Heroism and the Critique of Sport,” in Sport and Political Ideology (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1984): 162-169.
10. Siegfried Gehrmann, “Symbol of National Resurrection: Max Schmeling, German Sports Idol,” in European heroes: myth, identity, sport (J.A. Mangan and Pierre Lanfranchi, eds. (London: F. Cass, 1996): 101-113.
11. Garth Paton and Robert K. Barney, “Adolf Hitler, Carl Diem, Werner Klingenberg, and the Thousand Year Reich: Nazi Germany and Its Envisioned Post-War Olympic World,” Sixth International Symposium for Olympic Research (2002): 93-104.
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October 4, 6.
7. Fascist Internationalism and the Olympic Movement
12. John Hoberman, “’A Fascist International’: The International Olympic Committee and Political Criminality at the 1936 Berlin Olympics and Beyond” (PowerPoint).
13. “The Nazi Games – Berlin 1936” (PBS-tagelicht, 2 August 2016).
14. W. J. Murray, “France, Coubertin and the Nazi Olympics: The Response,” The International Journal of Olympic Studies 1 (1992): 46-69.
October 11, 13.
8. The Nazi Olympics Boycott Debate in America
15. Avery Brundage, “Fair Play for American Athletes” (American Olympic Committee, December 1935).
16. John Hoberman, “Avery Brundage: The International Sportsman as Fellow-Traveler,” in The Olympic Crisis: Sports, Politics, and the Moral Order (1986): 50-57.
17. Robert Creamer, “The Embattled World of Avery Brundage,” Sports Illustrated (January 30, 1956).
18. Robert Creamer, “Of Greeks – and Russians,” Sports Illustrated (February 6, 1956).
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October 18,
19. Michael H. Kater, “Everyday Antisemitism in Pre-War Nazi Germany: The Popular Bases,” Vad Yashem Studies XVI (1984): 129-159.
20. Richard Mandell, “The German Atmosphere,” The Nazi Olympics (1971): 34-63.
October 20. [EXAM #1]
October 25, 27.
9. Race and Sport in Early 20th-Century America
The “Anthropology Days” (1904)
21. Nancy J. Parezo, “Chapter 1. ‘A Special Olympics’: Testing Racial Strength and Endurance at the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exhibition,” in Susan Brownell, ed., The 1904 Anthropology Days and Olympic Games (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2008): 59-74).
22. Mark Dyreson, “Melting-pot Victories: Racial Ideas and the Olympic Games in American Culture during the Progressive Era,” The International Journal of the History of Sport 6 (May 1989): 49-61.
The Black Athlete and the 1936 Olympics
23. Elmer A. Carter, “The Negro in College Athletics,” Opportunity (July 1933): 208.
24. Edwin Bancroft Henderson, “The Negro Athlete and Race Prejudice,” Opportunity (March 1936): 77-79. 6
November 1, 3.
10. Later Olympic Boycott Controversies (1976, 1978, 1980)
The African Boycott of the Montreal Games (1976)
25. “Destroying the Olympics,” New York Times (July 20, 1976).
Germany and the World Cup in Argentina (1978).
26. “1978 FIFA World Cup.” [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_World_Cup_1978]
27. Alan Tomlinson, “FIFA and the Men Who Made It,” Soccer & Society 1 (2000): 55-71.
The Moscow Olympic Boycott (1980)
28. Christopher Booker, The Games War: A Moscow Journal (London: Faber and Faber, 1981): 74-105.
29. John Hoberman, “The Moscow Olympiad in Political Context,” in The Olympic Crisis: Sport, Politics, and the Moral Order (1986): 65-79.
November 8, 10.
11. The Politics of Doping in West Germany
30. John Hoberman, “The Politics of Doping in Germany,” “The German Sports Medical Establishment,” in Mortal Engines: The Science of Performance and the Dehumanization of Sport (New York: Free Press, 1992): 237-252, 252-265. 7
31. John Hoberman. "The Reunification of German Sports Medicine, 1989- 1992," Quest 45 (1993): 277-285.
November 15, 17, 22.
12. The Politics of Doping in East Germany
32. John Hoberman, “The Sport Culture of East Germany: Optimism and the Rationalization of the Body,” in Sport and Political Ideology (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1984): 201- 218.
33. Werner W. Franke and Brigitte Berendonk, “Hormonal doping and androgenization of athletes: a secret doping program of the German Democratic Republic government,” Clinical Chemistry 43 (1997): 1262- 1279.
34. “East German Sports: Politics Everywhere,” New York Times (August 1, 1983).
35. “East Germany’s forgotten Olympic doping victims tell of illness, infertility and changing sex,” The Mirror [London] (December 3, 2015).
November 29, December 1.
14. Germany and the Soccer World Cup
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(2006)
36. Werner Krauss, “Football, Nation and Identity: German Miracles in the Post-War Era,” in Dyck, Noel and Eduardo P. Archetti, eds., Sport, Dance and Embodied Identities (Oxford and New York: Berg, 2003): 197-216.
37. “The Miracle of Bern,” SpiegelOnline (July 6, 2006). [http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany-is-born-the-miracle- of-bern-a- 420110-druck.html]
38. “League of nations allows Germany to fly flag with pride,” The Guardian (July 10, 2006).
39. “Germany’s World Cup Report Hails Economic, Social Success” (December 7, 2006). [http://www.dw.com/en/germanys-world-cup-report-hails- economic-socialsuccess/a-2263053] (2010)
(2010)
40. “Germany’s World Cup legacy: What can South Africa Learn?” CNN.com (May 10, 2010).
41. John Hoberman, “Le Scandal,” Foreign Policy (July 1, 2010).
(2014)
42. “Efficiency is the new old watchword as Germany seek World Cup success,” The Guardian (July 5, 2014).
43. “Germany Is Weltmeister,” New York Times (July 17, 2014).
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Information About the Course (Fall 2014)
All of the required course readings, lecture notes, and the syllabus are contained in electronic documents you will receive from the instructor during the semester. You are required to read all of the material the instructor will assign as required reading in class and by e-mail. The instructor will also point to optional supplementary readings for you to read and/or print out if you wish to do so. The paperback book to be purchased online is Jürgen Osterhammel and Niels P. Peterson, Globalization: A Short History (Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2005). It is currently listed on Amazon at $13.98 (new). My office hours are MWF 8:30 – 9:30 a.m. or by appointment. I encourage you to schedule office hours by appointment to discuss the course material and, especially, if you ever feel you are falling behind in the course. I will be scheduling an individual office meeting with each member of the class. I am always available to meet with you at short notice. Attendance is mandatory every day. Documented medical absences will not count as absences.
This introductory course has the following objectives:
(1) to introduce you to the sociocultural and political roles that physical culture and sport have played in German society over the past two centuries;
(2) to build skills in critical cultural literacy by analyzing what we can learn from studying the various aspects and implications of a major form of popular culture;
(3) to encourage you to consider the historical legacy of important events and social developments along with their implications for contemporary society; and
(4) to assist you in refining your thinking and writing skills.
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Graded assignments:
2 hour exams (October 13) & a take-home exam due November 20 at midnight in my inbox [50 points each]; 10 quizzes: September 6, September 13, September 20, September 27, October 4, October 11, October 18, October 25, November 1, November 8. [50 points]; 1 five-page paper (due October 27) [50 points] 1 ten-page paper (due December 1) [100 points] TOTAL = 300 points
Attendance and active participation:
You will be asked to sign in at the beginning of each class. Unsatisfactory attendance unsupported by medical documentation will preclude a student’s receiving a grade higher than C. Active participation means being involved in discussions and discussion groups, being curious and asking in the event you don’t understand something, questioning statements and findings with which you disagree, and defending your own findings and opinions, according to your own capacity to perform in a group. It also means doing your homework regularly (being prepared for class).
Additional shorter written assignments may be assigned in the course of the semester.
(4) For each class, please bring a hard copy of the essential course readings.
The Writing Centrer offers support and help for student writing and research: http://uwc.utexas.edu
Attendance at the Writing Center is NOT a substitute for my working with you on your writing skills. It is an additional investment in your writing.
Additional Information / Rules of Conduct
CLASS AND CLASSROOMS: 11
Cell phones must be turned off in class; computers may be used only for note-taking and class-related document access. If a student uses electronic devices for non-class related activities and creates a disturbance s/he will be asked to leave for the remainder of that class.
ACADEMIC ASSISTANCE
Academic Assistance is provided by the UT Learning Center, in Jester Center, Room A332A. It offers help with college-level writing, reading, and learning strategies. It is free to all currently enrolled students. See:
STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES
The University of Texas at Austin provides upon request appropriate academic accommodations for qualified students with disabilities. For more information, contact the Office of the Dean of Students at 471-6259, 471-6441 TTY. Any student with a documented disability who requires academic accommodations should contact the Service for Students with Disabilities as soon as possible to request an official letter outlining authorized accommodations. These letters must be given to your TAs to receive accommodations. See:
RELIGIOUS HOLIDAYS AND OTHER ABSENCES
Students can make up work missed because of a religious holiday as long as they provide the instructor with documentation at least one week before the holiday occurs. The same applies to official university obligations like Club or Varsity sports.
Documentation from a physician is required for medical absence; arrangements for work to be made up must be made promptly, and in no case should the work be completed more than 2 weeks after the absence.
Other absences (e.g. family events) must be arranged for at least TWO WEEKS IN ADVANCE and missed work must be turned in at the NEXT CLASS SESSION upon return.
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CHEATING AND PLAGIARISM
Cheating and other forms of scholastic dishonesty, including plagiarism, will be reported to the Dean of Students. Cheating on tests or plagiarism on papers is an F for the assignment, with no makeup possible. If you engage in any form of scholastic dishonesty more than once, you will receive an automatic F for the course. If you are unsure about the exact definition of scholastic dishonesty, you should consult the information about academic integrity produced by the Dean of Students Office: Definitions of plagiarism and other forms of scholastic dishonesty, based on Section 11-802d of UT’s Institutional Rules on Student Services and Activities: http://deanofstudents.utexas.edu/sjs/scholdis_plagiarism.php The University’s Standard of Academic Integrity and Student Honor Code (from Chapter 11 of the University’s Institutional Rules on Student Services and Activities): http://deanofstudents.utexas.edu/sjs/acint_student.php Types of scholastic dishonesty: unauthorized collaboration, plagiarism, and multiple submissions: http://deanofstudents.utexas.edu/sjs/scholdis_whatis.php 13