I DEIXIS FOUND in BATMAN V SUPERMAN's MOVIE SCRIPT A

DEIXIS FOUND IN BATMAN V SUPERMAN’S MOVIE SCRIPT

A THESIS

RIDWAN

REG. NO. 150705002

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH

FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES

UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA

MEDAN2019

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA

DEIXIS FOUND IN BATMAN V SUPERMAN’S MOVIE SCRIPT

A THESIS

RIDWAN 150705002

SUPERVISOR CO-SUPERVISOR

Dr.Masdiana Lubis, M.Hum Liza Amalia Putri, S.S, M.A NIP 19570626 148303 2 001 NIP 19840626 201704 2 001 Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Medan in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from Department of English

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2019

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Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara (USU) medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra Examination.

Head Secretary

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Accepted by the board of examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from the Department of English, Faculty of cultural studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan

The examination is held in Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara on July 19th, 2019.

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AUTHOR’S DECLARATION

I, RIDWAN DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE OF AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINTS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSE WHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE, NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.

Signed :

Date : July 19th 2019

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NAME : RIDWAN

TITLE OF THESIS : DEIXIS FOUND IN BATMAN V

SUPERMAN’S MOVIE SCRIPT

QUALIFICATION : S-1/SARJANA SASTRA DEPARTMENT

OF ENGLISH

I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.

Signed :

Date : July 19th, 2019

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, I would like thank to the almighty God, ALLAH SWT for the guidance and blessing that accomplish this thesis as one of the requirements for graduating from the Department of English of the Faculty of Cultural Studies in the University of Sumatera Utara, Medan. Here I would like to express my gratitude, love, appreciation, honors and thanks to :

1. My parents Alm. Samsul Bahri and Chairuna Nst, my younger brother and sister, Rifki Adriano and Immasari deserve my deepest esteem more than anyone else does for financial, spiritual and supporting the writer in finishing the thesis. 2. My supervisor Dr.Masdiana Lubis, M.Hum and my co-supervisor, Liza Amalia Putri, S.S, M.A. your attitude are always positive and inspiring for supervising me during the improvement of my thesis. Thank you for everything!. My best gratitude also goes to Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S, the Dean of faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara, and Prof. T. Silvana Sinar, M.A., Ph.D, the Head of Department of English for their advice and encouragement during my study in this faculty. Also to Mr. Sukirno for his help in facilitating the administration procedure and requirements. 3. My Best Friends In English Literature 15 B class, Raja Fanny Fatahillah, Regina Goela Stevani Depari, Audry Valeinsia Farjer, Miftah Khairani, Rara Triantika Pulungan, Sri Wahyuni and Widi Ambarwati who always pray, encourage, and support me, anf also their kindness with all the greatest time that already spent. 4. Last but not least, I also would like to express my best gratitude to all of my best friends in Department of English who always stand by me as well as to my classmates of English Literature B 2015 5. All friends and persons who have given their prays, helps and supports in writing this paper that could not be mentioned one by one. May Allah SWT always bless and protect them. Aamiin.

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Finally, I realize this paper still far from being perfect. Therefore, Any suggestions and critics certainly needed from anyone to encourage and inspire me to have further study.

Medan, 19 Juli 2019

The writer

Ridwan

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ABSTRACT

The title of this thesis is “Deixis found in Batman V Superman’s Movie Script”. The objectives of this research are (1) to find out the interpretation of deixis used in the script of Batman V Superman. (2) to find out the referent of deixis used in Batman V Superman‟s movie script. The writer uses qualitative method in this research. Data of this research are utterances that contain deixis spoken by the characters in the movie script. The source of data in this research is the script of Batman V Superman. In collecting the data, the writer uses analysis on written documents as the method. Then, the method in analyzing the data is descriptive-qualitative method. The research used the theory of Maxim from Grice (1975) and Levinson Theory (1983) about deixis. The results of this research shows that the five kinds of deixis based on Levinson‟s theory are used in the movie script Batman V Superman.There is a violation of Maxim contained deixis in. Each deictic word has referent and the referent can be different because the speaker is different as well. The referents in this movie script mostlyperson deixis because the speaker of the utterances mostly use deictic words that refer to the speaker and addresse of the utterances. And because this movie script tells about the admiration of society to the two popular superheros who will fight to save the world.

Keywords: Deixis, referents, moviescript, Levinson, utterances.

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ABSTRAK

Skripsi ini berjudul “Deixis Found in Batman V Superman’s Movie Script”. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) untuk menemukan interpretasi deixis didalam movie script Batman V Superman. (2) untuk menemukan referensi deiksis yang digunakan didalam movie script Batman V Superman. Penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif didalam penelitian ini. Data didalam penelitian ini berupa ujaran yang terdapat deiksis yang diucapkan tiap karakter didalam movie script. Sumber data didalam penelitian ini adalah script movie Batman V Superman. Didalam mengumpulkan data penulis menggunakan metode analisis dokumen tertulis. Kemudian, metode didalam menganalisis data menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan theory maxim berasal dari Grice (1975) serta theory Levinson (1983) tentang deiksis. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelima jenis deiksis berasal dari theory Levinson digunakan didalam movie script Batman V Superman. Terdapat juga violasi maksim yang terkandung deiksis didalamnya. Tiap kata memiliki referensi dan referensi bisa berbeda disebabkan pembicaranya juga berbeda. Referensi didalam movie script ini mayoritas deiksis orang karena pembicara didalam movie script mengacu kepada pembicara dan pendengar didalam ujaran tersebut serta movie script ini menceritakan tentang kekaguman masyarakat terhadap ke dua superhero yang akan bertarung untuk menyelamatkan dunia.

Kata Kunci : Deiksis, Referen, Movie Script, Levinson, Ujaran.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ...... i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ...... iii

ABSTRACT ...... v

ABSTRAK ...... vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... vii

LIST OF TABLES ...... ix

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.1 Background of the Study ...... 1 1.2 Problem of the Study ...... 7 1.3 Objective of the Study ...... 7 1.4 Scope of the Study ...... 7 1.5 Significance of the Study ...... 7 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ...... 9 2.1 Pragmatics ...... 9 2.2 Deixis ...... 9 2.3 Kind of Deixis ...... 10 2.3.1 Person Deixis ...... 10 2.3.2 Place Deixis ...... 11 2.3.3 Temporal Deixis ...... 12 2.3.4 Social Deixis ...... 12 2.3.5 Discourse Deixis ...... 13 2.4 Cooperative Principle ...... 14 2.4.1 Maxim of Quantity ...... 14 2.4.2 Maxim of Quality ...... 14

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2.4.3 Maxim of Relation ...... 15 2.4.4 Maxim of Manner ...... 15 2.5 Movie Script ...... 15 2.6 Relevant Study ...... 15 2.7 Theoretical Framework ...... 20

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ...... 21 3.1 Research Design ...... 21 3.2 Data and Source of Data ...... 21 3.3 Data Collecting Method ...... 21 3.4 Data Analyzing Method ...... 22

CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS ...... 24 4.1 Kinds of Deixis and the Referents ...... 24 4.1.1 The Interpretation of Person Deixis ...... 24 4.1.2 The Interpretation of Place Deixis ...... 28 4.1.3 The Interpretation of Time Deixis...... 30 4.1.4 The Interpretation of Social Deixis ...... 32 4.1.5 The Interpretation of Discourse Deixis ...... 34 4.2 Findings ...... 36

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ...... 44 5.1 Conclusion...... 44

5.2 Suggestion ...... 44

REFERENCE ...... 45

APPENDICES

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 4.1.1 The interpretation of person deixis ...... 24

Table 4.1.2 The interpretation of place deixis ...... 28

Table 4.1.3 The interpretation of Time deixis ...... 30

Table 4.1.4 The interpretation of social deixis...... 32

Table 4.1.5 The interpretation of discourse deixis...... 34

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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of The Study

Language is a tool of communication. It is used by human while they make the interaction in transferring the information between each other. As a social creature, language is functioned to create the communication in a daily activities.

As human cannot be separated from language, Sapir (2001:9) states that language is purely human and non instinctive method of communicating ideas, emotions and desires by means of a system of voluntary produced symbols. so such thing makes language becoming something interesting and important for us. That is why people are interested in studying and analyzing language. That scientific study of language is called linguistics. Linguistics has some branches of studies which include Phonology,

Morphology, Syntax, Semantics, Pragmatics and also some other related to linguistics.

In doing communication of language, there are many aspects included in it. They are speaker (or writer), listener (or reader), meaning, context and goal. Eventhough the people are making a communication by using the same language they know well, but sometimes they do not understand the meaning what they are communicating about or in the other word, they can misinterpret the meaning of the communication as communicated by the speaker.

Meaning is one of the most important parts in communication, we need to pay more attention to get the point and understand from what people mean by their utterances in a particular way and context to get the right thing for their interpretation.

The speaker and listener have to share the same context in the other word, the speaker

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and listener needs a cooperation in doing the utterance. For the reason we need to study a language concerning with speaker‟s meaning and its contextual that is called

Pragmatics.

Pragmatics is the study of relationship between linguistic forms and its users. Of course, there is the advantage in studying pragmatics is that we can talk about people „s intended meanings, the assumptions, the purpose or goal and the kinds of actions that we are performing when we speak. Where the disadvantage is that all these very human concepts are difficult to understand in specific way. Pragmatics is the study of contextual meaning. It refers how the people gets the communication from what they say under their circumstance.

This type of study involves about the interpretation of what people mean in a particular context and how the context understand what is said. It requires a consideration of how speaker organize what they want to say in accordance with who they are talking to, where, when and under the circumstances.

This approach is also necessarily applied to explore about how the listeners makes the interpretation about the statement said in case for catching the intended meaning. It explores how the unsaid language is recognized as part of what is communicated. We might say it is the study of invisible meaning‟s investigation.

This perspective refers to the determination to the choice between said and

unsaid. It is tied to the notion of distance between the speaker and listener in the

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dialogue, their closeness, whether it is physical, social, or conceptual and implies for

sharing the information

There are many words in language that cannot be interpreted if we do not know

the meaning of context. The words such as here and there, thisor that, now and then,

yesterday, today or tomorrow, as well as pronouns such as you, me, she, him, us, and

them. Deixis is used to identify familiar things by the frequent use of words like “this”

and “that” to refer a things in a shared of physical context

Levinson (1983) states, “Basically, deixis is concerned with the way in which languages encode or grammaticalize features of the context of utterances which depends on the analysis of that context of utterance. Deixis is the best way to understand the relationship between language and context reflected in the structures of language. He also proposed that in English language, deixis can be classified into five kinds of deixis.

They are person deixis, place deixis, time deixis, social deixis and discourse deixis.

Deixis is also one of many pragmatic principles we frequently use to make sense from what we hear and read besides implicature, maxim, speech acts and many others.

Furthermore, he states that deixis is the study of deictic or indexical expressions in language like you, now and today. It can be regarded as a special kind of grammatical property instantiated in the familiar categories of person, tense, place, etc.

To sum up, language and context also inflences in defining the word to be deixed.. As it is stated by Levinson (1983) above, deixis is used to make the reflection between the structure of language between its context. Wherever the word is spoken or uttered, the context of language used by the speaker will be changed.

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Hurford (1984) states that deitic word is one which takes some element of its meaning from the situation (i.e the speaker, the addressee, the time and the place. It is used to understand and make sense of what we hear and read. The research related to deixis is still a little in the final project especially in analyzing the literary work.

Melnik (2017) in his Journal “The role of Deixis in the interpretation of a literary work”, stated that modern linguist features a growing interest towards the problem of language modelling of the text world fiction on the basis of deixis. Deixis is considered to be one of the key point of pragmatics. The knowledge of the speaker‟s placement is very important for the reader as it helps to orientate with the help of demonstrative prononous pointing to a proximal / distal place. It is rather problematic to determine the pragmatic component of these deictics.

The reader does not know the time of encoding so she/he can not determine the point in real time which denotes the exact temporal reference. Gjergji (2015) in his journal “A Pragmatic analysis of the use of types of deixis in poetry and novels of the author Ismail kadare” also added that literature and other forms of written communications need assesment with points of reference particularly in the way communications are developed in our global, multilayered and multicultural society.

Gjergi (2015) in his Journal also stated that Deixis is one of the most important notions in general linguistic and it is a vital link between the real life of environment around us. Deixis as an engine researcher by many pragmatists focuses on phrase meaning and being the heart of reference research as widely known in literature. The deixis analysis focused on importance of the word meaning, what is intended to convey when using a range of word. Deixis concerns ways in each languages encode of descriptive context or grammatical feature of the context of utterance or speech event. 4

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concerning ways in which the interpretation of utterances depends on the analysis of that context of utterance.

Since the usage of Deixis is so vital in our social life as a word in pointing about something, . The writer choose one of literary work as the subject of study. It is Batman

V Superman movie script which is written By Zack Snyder.

The movie consists of dialogue between the characters, intended for theatrical performance. In a dialogue uttered by the characters, sometimes it is difficult to know the words what the referent in the utterances refer to. Besides, I find out many deictic words used in the dialogue. The example of deixis is as the following.

Lois Lane : “ Are you a terrorist, General ?

General Amajagh : They didn‟t tell me the interview was with a lady.

The pronoun you and they in the utterance above, there is a deviation of maxim.

Because deixis “you” which exist in the utterance of Lois lane as the speaker is not based with deixis which exist in the Listener replying. Therefore there is a violation of

Maxim in the deixis usage. To know the reference from the deixis above. We have to know the context of situation of the dialogue

The dialogue above is between Lois Lane and General Amajagh. Lois asks

General are you a terrorist to general Amajagh. And after that General Amajagh answers that they didn’t tell me the interview was with a lady.. If we do not know the context of the dialogue which is spoken by characters, we never know who the speakers refer to. So, we need to know the context of the dialogue spoken by the character whether it is a person, time, or place. Actually the dialogue happens at a dessert village in Nairomi Africa while Lois Lane wants to take a photo there to fulfill the news in her

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Journalist Company where General Amajagh is asked by African militan to make the interview to a lady. Finally, it is the reader‟s job to interpret the referent of utterance spoken by the speaker between the dialogue.

The deictic words that are used in the dialogue above is “they”. That deictic words encode of referent to person that is neither speakers nor addresses of the utterance, So, to sum up, that deictic word include into the third person plural. After knowing the context of dialogue above that General amajagh is actually talking aboutthe african militan. So the referent of deictic word”, “They” which is uttered above refers to African militan.In this case, the Speaker‟s intention of meaning will be different which is based on the context of situation between the speaker and listener.

From the example above, It is conluded that deixis analysis is important in conversation, utterance or sentence because every utterance is related to people, thing, place, or time. The meaning of utterance is clear if the reader or listener knows about who, where and when the utterance is uttered based on the context of the conversation.

Besides, the examples shows us that deixis depends on the context.

Then we can see that deixis has a close relation with its reference in pointing the origin of utterance, in short, the act of the speaker in referring to something is called reference, the thing (the object) that is being referred or signified is called referent and the expression that is used to refer something in the utterance is known as deixis.

The writer choose to analyze the script of movie Batman V Superman because the script of movieis so popular in the world and having a nobel prize for a superhero movie in the world.(metro.co.uk/2016).Batman V superman is a movie which is written by

American playwright Zack Snyder. It was performed on 23 March 2016 at the New

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york hall America. The play is set in Gotham city. The plot is based on the traditional conflict between Lex Luthor and Henry Cavill as superman where He influences

Batman fighting to superman .

1.2 Problems of the Study

Based on the background of the study above, the problems in this study are formulated the following questions:

(1) How deixis are interpreted in the movie script of Batman V Superman ?

(2) What the referents of deixis are found in the movie script of Batman V

Superman?

1.3 Objectives of the study

In relation with the problems of the study, the objectives of this study are:

(1) To find out the interpretation of deixis used in the movie script Batman V

Superman

(2) To find out the referents of deixis used in the movie script Batman V Superman

1.4 Scope of the Study

This study focuses on the analysis of kinds of deixis and its referents found in

Batman V superman „s movie script. The script as the data source provides the data to

be analyzed.

1.5 Significance of the Study

This study contributes theoretically and practically to the readers and writer

himself. Theoretically, it is expected to enrich the knowledge about one of

linguistic branches that concerns with speaker meaning and contextual meaning.

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Pragmatics and one of pragmatic principles, deixis expecially for the students in

Department of English. It can also be the guidance and reference for further studies concerning pragmatics. Practically, it is expected to be helpful for learning regarding the study of deixis

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CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Pragmatics

Fromklin (1998:190) stated, “Pragmatics is concerned with the interpretation of linguistic meaning in a context”.

. Yule (1996) stated, “Pragmatics is concerned with the study of meaning as

communicated by a speaker (or writer) and interpreted by a listener (or reader).

Leech (1993) stated Pragmatics is the study of how meaning and its relation

to the speech situations it may be defined as the study of the relationship between

language and context, which are used based on the situation in order to get some

meaning

This approach also necessarily explores about how the listeners makes the

interpretation about the statement or what is said in case for catching the intended

meaning. It explores how the unsaid language is recognized as part of what is

communicated. We might say it is the study of invisible meaning‟s

2.2 Deixis .

Deixis (Yule, 1996:9) is a technical term (from Greek) for one of the most

basic things we do with utterances. When we notice a strange object and ask “what is

that” we are using a deitic expression “That” to indicate something in the immediate

context. Deixis is a way of referring something related of the speaker. Deixis is used

to identify familiar things in a shared physical context.

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Mulyana (2005:79) states that Deixis is the words which are refered to

person, place, and time. The words does not have a static reference. It refers to a

context of situation where the people intended the meaning. It means that usage of

deixis is based on the context of the people what they are intended about. The

reference only be understood between the people who make and share the

information.

Sudaryat (2009:121) states that Deixis is a language form which has a

function as a reference to refer to a specific thing. The term Diaxis comes from the

Greek word, “Deiktikos” which means a direct reference. The demonstration like

this and that and the personal pronomina like I, You, and He are deixis.

2.3 Kinds of Deixis.

Levinson (1983) defines that in English deixis can be classified into five

kinds. They are person deixis, place deixis, time deixis, social deixis and discourse

deixis.

2.3.1. Person Deixis

Person deixis concerns with the encoding of the participant role in the speech

event such as speaker, addressee, and others, in which the utterance in question is

delivered. It can be functioned well if the participant knowing the role of the

speakers, the situation, and the target of utterance. Simply, it is described as

expression which refers to person who the speakers intended to refer.

Person deixis clearly operates on a basis three part divisions exemplified by

three part divisions:

1. The speaker, called as the first person.

Singular I, me ,myself, mine

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Plural we, us, ourself, our, ours, ourselves

2. The Hearer or the person spoken to, called as the second person. It is a

deictic reference to a person or people identified as addressee, such as:

you, yourself, yourselves, your and yours.

3. The person or things being spoken to, called as the third person. The third

person singular (He,She,It). It is a deictic reference to a referent not

identified as the speaker or the addressee and usually imply the gender of

the utterance refers to. Example :He, she, they, Himself, her and herself.

Examples of Person deixis can be seen as follows:

 I Have been go to Jakarta on Tuesday ( First person )

 He is sure about the decision ( Third Person Singular )

 Ani and Adi will plan a vacation next holiday. They will stay at

Lombok. ( Third Person Plural )

2.3.2 Place Deixis.

Place deixis is also described as a spatial deixis. Levinson (1983) states that place deixis concerns the encoding spatial locations relative to the location of the participants in the speech event. It depends on where the words uttered. Place or location become deixis if the place or location is visible from the location of participants doing the communication in the speech. Place deixis can be seen from using of demonstrative pronoun “this”, (Plural:these) and “that” (Plural:those). And also demonstrative adverbs “here” and “there”.

Example of place deixis can be seen as follow :

 You can go there  They don‟t know how to reach this area

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2.3.3 Time Deixis

Time Deixis is the other word of Temporal Deixis. Levinson (1983)

“Similarly, we count backwards from coding time in calendrical units in such expressions as yesterday or three years ago of forwards in tommorow or next

Thursday.”

It means that time deixis deals with the encoding at temporal points of the spoken or written message. Time deixis is referent to time relative to a temporal referent point. It is grammaticalized in deictic adverbs of time, such as now, then, soon, this week, this afternoon, yesterday, tomorrow, tonight, next week, last week, today and many more. All the expression depend on the context of utterance about what is the speaker intended meaning.

It is so easy to understand time deixis as long as the speaker know the time of utterance,speech event, and the meaning of the speech. Time deixis is an expression in relation to a periodical session of the speaker in producing the utterance. Example

(1) I will visit your village next holiday

(2) Last meeting, you couldn‟t pass the test

(3) You are so brilliant at this moment.

2.3.4 Social Deixis

This type of Deixis is different from the other Deixis. It doesn‟t refer to a person, place, or time, but Social Deixis reflects the difference of social rankings

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between the speaker and listener in the society who use the language. Levinson

(1983) Says that “ Social Deixis involves the marking of social relationships in linguistic expressions, with direct or oblique reference to the social status or role of participants in the speech event”. In many languages the deictic categories of speaker, Listener and other(s) are elaborated with markers of relative social status

Example, with higher social status and Lower status. The Expressions which indicate higher social status are described as honorifics.

Deixis relates the participant (Speaker, Listener and referent). In this case, the usage of social status is the most visible point from the use of what are said as honorifics and language ethics. In the other word, Social Deixis is the expression which is used to make a distinction of social status.

Example :

(1) Help me God.

(2) I will check my health to a Doctor

2.3.5 Discourse Deixis.

Levinson (1983) states “An important area of discourse deixis concerns discourse markers, like any way, but, however, or in conclusion.” These relates a current contribution to the prior of utterance or text and typically resist truth conditional characterization.

Discourse deixis relates the word or phrases that serve in revealing any part of the sentence in the discourse or speech. The deictic terms which is used by this deixis are “and” that refers and additional meaning in connecting a sentence and the usage

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of deictic term “but” which also relates the meaning of utterance in the speech context. Levinson also added that the notion of conventional implicature noting that

“but” has the truth conditional content of “and” with the additional contrastive meaning

Discourse deixis uses of expression with some utterance to refer to some portion of the discourse that contains the utterance. Including the utterance itself. The examples of discourse deixis is as follow:

(1) That‟s a rhinoceros

(2) Spell it for me

2.4 Cooperative Principle

Cooperative principle is a principle of conversation. Grice (1975: 45) stated that

Participants expect that each will make a conversational contribution such as is required. It was known as the Maxim. He divided maxim into four parts.

2.4.1 Maxim of Quantity

Maxim of quantity requires the speaker‟s contribution be as informative as one possibly can. And gives as much information as needed.

Example : (A) What time do you work tomorrow?

(B) Tomorrow I work at 2 pm

2.4.2 Maxim of Quality

Maxim of quality requires the speaker to be truthful and they do not give the information that is false or that is not supported by evidence.

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Example : (A) Why were you late last night?

(B) My car broke down

2.4.3 Maxim of Relevance

Maxim of relevance requires the speaker to provide relevant information to the discussion, avoiding things that are not pertinent to the discussion

Example : (A) How is the weather today?

(B) It is rainy and cloudy

2.4.4 Maxim of Manner

Maxim of Manner requires speaker to be clear, brief, and as orderly as one can in what they say where they avoid obscurity of expression and ambiguity.

Example : (A) Where was the professor when class ended?

(B) She left class and went to her office.

2.5 Movie Script

Movie script comes from two words. They are movie and Script. Movie is also known as a films usually consisting of dialogue between characters, intended the theatrical performance rather than just reading. The term “Movie” can refer to both the written works to their complete of theatrical performance. Some of Movie genres are comedy, tragedy, and Historical. Meanwhile Script is the Chronological dialogue in a written form of the story from the beginning until to the ending. So Movie

Script is the narration which is taken from the dialogue which is uttered between characters

2. 6 Relevant Studies .

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In accomplishing this study, the writer uses previous thesis and journals as references that discussed about deixis done by Nurhalimatusaadiah (2018), Dika

Pratiwi (2017), Merentek (2016) Diah Utami (2017),Samaila Yakubu (2015), Emad

Khalili (2017) Rosmawaty (2013), and Nur Ihsan (2017).

Nurhalimatusaadiah (2018)analyzed five types of deixis, interpreted the reference meaning of deixis based on the theory of Levinson, they are person, time, place, discourse, and social deixis. She uses descriptive qualitative method in analyzing the data. The study took every utterance between the character in John Mellington‟s act play. The result of the study shows that the most dominant deixis used in the act play is person deixis which is found about 444 utterances and can be concluded that in each utterance in the act play contains deixis. The researcher also found the temporal, person and spatial deixis have different functions in each of the participant. The writer suggest to the readers and English Learners who analyze Deixis should understand and have knowledge about the theory of deixis because deixis is an important study to know the purpose and the meaning of referents in the utterances.

By knowing the kinds of deixis which are person deixis, place deixis, time deixis, social deixis and discourse deixis as well as with the referent it can help the readers to comprehend text and also to understand the contents, context and what the speaker means by utterance.

The Next previous research is done by Dika Pratiwi (2017) In her thesis, She applied a descriptive qualitative method process. From the method, she finds out the most dominant deixis used in Donald Trumps Speech is person deixis with the frequency of 168 utterances (66 %). And she concludes that Person deixis is the most dominant than the Others in Donalds Trumps Speech To the Major Cities

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Association in U.S.A. The writer suggest to the reader, student and also other researcher who are interested in analyzing about deixis. The student and reader are suggested to understand the theory about deixis. By understanding it, the readers and the students will be able to comprehend the text and the written materials both their contents and thir context. So, if they understand clearly about deixis and context, misunderstanding will not happen. Because both of the speaker and addressee will understand about what is talking and writing about. As the addition, She also suggest that for the other researchers, they are suggested to conduct research about deixis, used in the other object, for example: in debate or another written text.

The Third Previous research is from Merentek (2016) In her thesis, She uses descriptive qualitative in analyzing Data. From the method, She takes the sentences in the film of Cinderella and It is analyzed by using Levinson Theory. The result of this study showes that the five types of Deixis were used in the utterance in the movie They are Person deixis (1st person deixis: I,my; 2nd person deixis: inside, away, behind, here, besides, there, here; time deixis: now, two weeks hence; discourse deixis: madam, miss, mister,your royal highness,your majesty prince.

The next previous research is from Diah Utami (2017), In her thesis, She uses descriptive qualitative. From the method, She finds out five types of deixis from

Jona‟s utterance which contain deixis. The research discovers the most dominant deixis is person deixis (79,29%). She suggests to the other researcher to make the understanding about the interpretation of deixis. Furthermore, the research has some sub chapters that are devisable to examine deeply. For instance, the next researchers can focus examining one of deixis types using different object.

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The next previous research is from Samaila Yakubu (2015) Journal entitled “

The use of deixis and deictic expressions in Boko Haram insurgency reports” at the

Journal, it examines the uses of deictic expressions in Boko Haram Insurgency reports by the media in the four affected countries in West Africa. The study was carried out using qualitative approach to explore the incidences and functions of deictic expression in Boko haram insurgency reports by the media. The result of the investigation shows that media reporters use person, time/ temporal and place/spatial deixis to locate participants in discourse.

The next previous research is from Emad Khalili (2017) a journal entitled

“Deixis Analysis in the tale of Two cities written by Charles Dickens”. At the

Journal, it examines the types of deixis found in the novel. The study was carried out using qualitative approach where documentation is used as the method of collecting data. The result of the investigation shows that the writer uses a social deixis in the novel and the most dominant deixis found in the novel.

The next previous research is from Rosmawaty (2013) a journal entitled

“Analysis the use of the kind of Deixis on Ayat- Ayat Cinta Novel by Habiburahman

El-shirazy”. It examines the types of deixis found in the novel. The research contribute the importance of understanding and preserving literature through language. it was carried out using qualitative approach in the form of analysis. The result of the investigation shows that the most dominant deixis is personal deixis in the novel.

The next Previous Journal is from Nur Ihsan (2017) entitled “Deixis in conversation at Kick Andy Metro TV Channel”. From the Journal, It examines the deixis types occurs in the conversation at Kick Andy Metro TV show. The benefits in 18

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that study theoretically is expected to be a source of reference teaching materials with pragmatic subject. Academically, the result of the study can be used as a foothold in examining further pragmatic and deixis studies in conversations at educational institutions who want to study the language from pragmatic aspects. The research type is a library research where the data is the speeches of the perpetrators containing conversations in Kick Andy dialogue and participants in Metro TV

Program. And the result of this study shows that five types of Deixis found in the

Conversational Dialogue. He also proposed that a word is said to be deixed if the referents moves or alternates, depending on when or where the word is spoken. The conversations between kick andy and the participants in the example of how the occurence of a speech that alternately resulting in deixis between speakers and partners said.

The Previous research really makes the contribution for the writer to conduct the research about Deixis where from the Journal which stated that a word is called deixis if the referents move and alternates depending on the context of dialogue. This condition really creates the contribution for the writer to do a research in the thesis by using the same technique and method whether the types of deixis and its reference found in the movie script.

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THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

PRAGMATICS

Language Context

Deixis Speech Act Presupposition Implicature Cooperative Principle PRESUPPOSITION

Personal Maxim of Deixis Quality

Spatial Deixis Maxim of Quantity Temporal Deixis

Maxim of DISCOURSE DEIXIS Social Relevance Deixis

Discourse Maxim of

Deixis Manner

Deixis found in Batman V Superman‟s movie script

Pitcure 1: Theoretical framework

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CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 Research Design This Part explains about the research approach and design used in conducting this research. Research is the activity in conducting something from the information that researcher is interested in or need to know about. In doing a research, The writer used a descriptive qualitative method. The method was based on the characteristics of Phenomena and the data being analyzed are non numerical data (quantitative data). Data are words in the Movie Script. Descriptive qualitative is a method of research that makes description of the situation of events.According to Wahyuni (2014:1) Qualitative research methods were developed in the social sciences to enable researchers to study social and cultural Phenomena, it is related with data which is usually not in the form of number.

3.2 Data and Source of Data

Data in this study are the words contained deixis uttered by the characters in the Batman V Superman movie. The source of data is the script of Movie Batman V Superman which is downloaded from http://transcripts.wikia.com/wiki/Batman_v_Superman:_Dawn of Justice. The writer selects this script because the script is very popular in the world. and in 2016, it had been the most famous superhero movies in all countries. (metro.co.uk/2016) Batman V Superman was a movie written by Zack Snyder. It was on 23 March 2016 at the New york hall America. The play is set in Gotham city. The plot is based on the traditional conflict between Lex Luthor and Henry cavill as superman where He influences Batman fighting to Superman.

3.3 Data Collecting Method

Data becomes the most important part of this study in which the writer analyzed in order to be able to answer the problems of the study. To collect the data, the writer needs to use a method. Oetomo (2011) says, “There are three methods, of collecting data such us interview, observation, and analysis on written documents such quotation,

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notes, memorandum, publications, and official reports, diaries, literature, and written answer to questioner and survey. “

Since the data of the research were collected from a script of the movie Batman V Superman. So the writer used the analysis on a written documents as the method of collecting data. The writer did the following steps:

1. Reading the script of movie Batman V Superman 2. Identifying the words in the utterance from script of movie Batman V Superman 3. Underlining the words in the utterance from Batman V Superman’s movie script 4. Tabulating the words in the utterance which deixis contained in a table 3.4 Data Analyzing Method

For the technique of data analysis, the writer will adopt the framework developed by Miles and Huberman and Saldana (2014: 30) to describe the major phases of data analysis: Data condensation, data display, and drawing conclusion

Data Data Display Collection

Data Conclusions Condensation Drawing verification

Interactive Model by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana 2014

1. Data Condensation

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Data condensation ia aimed at processing the raw data that appear in the written up field notes in order to be analyzed. The Process can be form of selecting , focusing, simplifying, abstracting and transforming. In this Study, Afer all of data is collected, the next step is condensing the data. it analyzes the process of selecting the utterances/ dialogue between the characters in the Batman V Superman movie script. And then focusing on the utterance which is contained the Deixis in order to make sure it was really suitable as the data, after that I simplify the data by categorizing the utterance into types of Deixis.

2. Data Display The next step of data analysis is data display. Data display refers to a process of organizing, compressing and assembling the data by showing a visual data to be analyzed. In this study, all the data which had already been condensed is displayed in a table and Categorizing according to the types of Deixis. in this step, we can see that the deixis is realized in the dialogue Batman V Superman movie script. 3. Drawing and Verifying conclusion Drawing and Verifying the conclusion is the final step in the step of data analysis. Drawing is done by deciding the meaning of Data after reading the data display in the research. In this study, The writer draws the kinds of deixis which is found in the Batman V Superman movie script, after that the writer verify the conclusion about data that has been drawn.

In this study, the steps of analyzing the data are as follow

1. Selecting the utterance/ dialogue which is contained deixis in 2. Categorizing the types of deixis in the utterance/ dialogue 3. Simplifying the types of deixis into the form of table 4. Displaying the data in the form of table 5. Drawing the conclusion

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CHAPTER IV

ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS

4.1 Kinds of Deixis and the Referents

This chapter describes about the analysis and findings of data to answer two problems proposed in the Chapter I, They are to find out the interpretation of deixis which is used in the Batman V Superman’smovie script and to find out what the referents of deixis are used in the Batman V Superman’s movie script. The writer uses deixis theory proposed by Levinson and Grice Theory about Maxim for supporting this analysis. Deixis theory proposed by Levinson states that deixis are distinguished into five kinds, they are person deixis, time deixis, place deixis, social deixis and discourse deixis. The writer choose some words in the utterance as the sample to be described more clearly in this chapter. The whole analysis is enclosed in the appendices.

4.1 The Interpretation of Person Deixis In Batman V Superman’s movie script

No Word in Utterance Deictic Maxim Kind of Referents word Deixis (1) Bruce Wayne: Jack, Me Quantity Person Bruce listen to me. I want Deixis Wayne you to get everyone out of the building. I Bruce Wayne Bruce Wayne: You You understand? Jack (2) Wallace: Mr. Wayne I Manner Person Wallace I can‟t feel my legs Deixis My Bruce Wayne : We Bruce and need help over here We Wallace

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(3) Bruce Wayne : You Manner Person Alfred You‟re going to be Deixis okay. Alfred: You‟re the You Bruce boss. Wayne

(4) Wallace : Oh my I Relation Person Wallace God, I can‟t feel my Deixis legs. My Wallace Bruce Wayne : you are going to be okay. You Wallace (5) Lois Lane : Are you You Manner Person General a terrorist general? Deixis Amajagh General Amajagh : They didn‟t tell me They African the interview was Militans with a lady. (6) Lois lane: I am not a I Relation Person Lois Lane lady, I am a Deixis journalist. General Amajagh: I General What I am is a man Amajagh with nothing.

The deictic words of person deixis “me” and “I” and “you” are used in utterance number 1 in the table. The word “me” functions as an object pronoun of person Deixis. From the utterance of deixis “me” and “you” above, there is a deviation of Maxim which exist at the utterance where the speaker gives the right amount of information what is required. At this context Bruce Wayne as the speaker gives the information required by Jack as the addreesee. Based on that reason, the deictic words “me” and “I” and “you” include into the person deixis because they refer to the speaker in the speech event. The words “me” and “I” refers to Bruce

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Wayne. Bruce Wayne is the speaker in that utterance. The utterance number 1 uttered by Bruce Wayne when talking to Jack for moving out from the building. To sum up, Bruce wants to inform Jack and many people in the building for going out. In the utterance number 2 deictic word “I”, “my” and “we” are used. The deixis “I”, “my” and we in the utterance includes in person deixis. The word “my” in the utterance functions as a possesive adjective of person deixis. From the utterance “I” and “We” above there is a deviation of maxim because deixis “I” which exist at the speaker‟s utterance is not based on the information which is required by the listener. Therefore, there is a violation of maxim in Deixis usage.The utterance number 2 is uttered by Wallace who feel a pain from the accident of falling builiding. And He want to Bruce to help him. But at the fact, He ask the other people to help them. At the context, the conversation happened while wallace wants a saviour so that He would be saved from the tragedy. The deictic word “you” in the utterance number 3 in the table above includes the person deixis. The deixis “we” in the utterance functions as the subject pronoun of person deixis. From the utterance “you” deixis contained above, There is a deviation of Maxim because deixis “you” which exist at the speaker‟s utterance is not based on the information which is required by the speaker. Bruce as the speaker actually talks to Alfred that Alfred will be okay. But alfred gives the information which is not required by Bruce that Alfred said that Bruce is a boss. At this context, Bruce doesn‟t get the right information from Alfred as the listener. The deictic word “I” and “you” in the utterance number 4 in the table above include are the person deixis. The word “I” in the utterance functions as subject pronoun of person deixis. The word “I” refers to as the speaker of the utterance. From the utterance “I and you” above there is no deviation of maxim because the listener gives the relevant information which is required by the speaker. Wallace asked Bruce so that he would help him from the falling debris. As soon as possible bruce knows what he should do. Bruce helped Wallace from the tragedy. In the utterance number 5 deictic word “you” and “they” are used. From the uterrance Deixis “you” and “they” above there is a deviation of maxim because deixis “you” which exist in the speaker‟s utterance is not based on the deixis contained from the listener or addreesse replying. Therefore there is a violation of maxim in the deixis usage. At the context, Lois lane is in Africa and starting the

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conversation with one of the terrorist there. Lois wants to know whether General is a terrorist or not. But From the General Amajagh replying that he didn‟t know that the interview was with a lady. In this case, the information which is required by Lois lane as the speaker is not relevance from the question which is delivered by her. Actually the dialogue happens at dessert village africa want to take a photo by questioning one of the terrorist there to fulfill the news in her Journalist company. In the utterance number 6 the deictic word “I” is used. From the utterance of deixis “I” above there is no a deviation of maxim. The deictic word „I” functions as the subject pronoun at the utterance. The deixis “I” refers to the lois lane as the speaker. Lois is talking to General amajagh about her identity after that General gives the replying that he is nothing. In this case the listener gives the relevant information which is required by the speaker. The conversation happened while Lois was interviewed by general amajagh at Africa about her attendance there.

Table 4.2 Interpretation of Person Deixis in Batman V Superman’s movie script

Cooperative Principle Personal Deixis Maxim of Quantity I, Me and You Maxim of Manner I, My, You, We and They Maxim of Relation I, and My.

The table above shows that there are 6 deictic words of person deixis found in Batman V Superman‟s movie script. They are I,me, my,you, we, and they. The person deixis contained in the cooperative principle of Maxim quantity, maxim of Manner and Relation. Those deictic words belong to person deixis because first person deixis is the grammatically of the speaker‟s referent himself, or both speaker and the referent grouped with the speaker

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4.1.2 The interpretation of Place Deixis in Batman V Superman’s movie script.

In Batman V Superman‟s movie script, the writer found 3 deictic words that show place deixis.They are “This”,“here” and “there”. The deictic words “this”, and “here” refer to the location near or close to the speaker (proximal). The deictic words “there” refers to the location away from the speaker or sometime close to the addressee (distal ). The table below shows some words in the utterance contained place deixis found in the data.

Table 4.7 Place Deixis

No Words in Utterance Deictic Maxim Kind Of Referent Words Deixis (1) Reporter : While they brought the man down from The monument thisbeloved where the monument. The This Relation Place Deixis police suspect has been (Proximal) identifies identified as wallace Wallace Vernon Keefe.

Wallace : I Work for bruce Wayne (2) Bruce Wayne : We need help over here Here Quantity Place Deixis On the ground Bruce Wayne : (Proximal) You‟re going to be okay. (3) Superman : (Lois Lane opens the door to the outside) I didn‟t see it, lois is There Relation Place Deixis The outside of standing right there (Distal) the door and I didn‟t see it

Superman: I‟m afraid I didn‟t see it because I wasn‟t looking

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The utterance number 1 of place deixis as in the table above shows that the deictic word of place deixis “this” is used in the utterance. The deictic word “this” in the utterance refers to the monument where the police identifies Wallace. At the utterances above, there is a violation maxim. The listener doesn‟t give the relevant information to the speaker as its information is required. At the context, The Utterances takes place where the reporter informs to the society that the polices had been successfull to identify the footage from a man around the beloved monument in the city. The deictic word “this” in the utterance shows that the reporter as the speaker is near or close to the location that is refered to when the speaker uttered the utterance (proximal). The deictic word “this” in the utterance functions as the demonstrative pronoun.

The utterance number 2 of place deixis as in the table above shows that the deictic word of place deixis “here” is used in the utterance. The listener doesn‟t gives the right amount of the information to the speaker as it is required. There is a violation of maxim which can be seen from the replying of information which is uttered by Bruce Wayne to Jack that he would be okay from the pain of his leg. The deictic word “here” in the utterance refers to on the ground. At the context. Bruce wayne as the speaker of the utterance wants to help Wallace Keef who is painfull caused by a falling debris. Bruce is near or close to the location when uttering the utterance (proximal).

The utterance number 3 of place deixis as in the table above shows that the deictic word of place deixis “there” is used in the utterance. The deictic word “there” in the utterance refers to the outside of the door. at the context, the listener gives the relevant information to the speaker. As it can be seen that Superman gives the clarification from location where he see Lois Lane. The deictic word “there” used by Superman as the speaker utters the utterance shows that speaker is away from the location being refered or The location among Superman and Lois Lane is so far from the Place that is being refered to. in the other word, the outside of the door is away from the speaker when the speaker uttered the utterance (distal).

Table 4.8 The interpretation of place deixis found in Batman V Superman’s movie script

Cooperative Place Deixis principle Maxim of Relation This and There Maxim of quantity Here

The table above shows that there are 3 deictic words of place deixis found in Batman V Superman‟s movie script. They are This, here and there. The words

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belong to place deixis because they concern the encoding of spatial locations relative to the location of the participants in the speech event.

4.1.3 The interpretation of time deixis in Batman V Superman’s movie script

Time deixis is also called as Temporal Deixis. Time deixis deals with the encoding at temporal points of the spoken or written message. Time deixis is referent to time relative to a temporal point of speech event.. Time Deixis is usually gramaticalized in deictic adverbs of time,such as now,then, soon, this week, this afternoon, yesterday, tomorrow, tonight, next week,last week, today,and many more

In the data, the writer found the deictic words of time deixis. They are now, today, next time, and last night.

Table 4.9 Time Deixis

No Words in utterance Deictic Words Maxim Kind of Referents Deixis (1) Jack: Let‟s go. come Time when on, start moving now, Time moving out People. Let‟s go. The Now Quantity Deixis from the boss wants us out of building the building. So let‟s make it happen.

Jack: Heaven god, creator of heaven and earth (2) Senator Finch: Neither Time Time when will lies. Because Deixis superman today is a day for Today Relation proves the truth. Because only by truth speaking.

Senator finch : oh my god.

(3) Superman : Next time Time Time when They shine your light Deixis Superman in the sky, don‟t go it. Next Time Quality starts The bat is dead. Bury fighting it. Consider this mercy

Batman : Tell me! Do you bleed? You will! (4) Alfred:.so...last night Last night Quality Time The night was productive? Deixis when bruce

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Bruce Wayne :He's doing a too low level, he knew criminal nothing.

The utterance number 1 of time deixis as in the table above shows that deictic word of time deixis “now” is used in the utterance. The deictic word “now” in the utterance refers to the time of speech event when the speaker of utterance (Jack). There is a violation of Maxim quantity when the speaker uttered the utterance. The peaker gives the additional information for the listener. The conversation happened from the time when Jack wanted to inform the people in the building by screaming so that the people in the building would be safe after going out. He wanted to transfer the information from his boss for the people in the building while the accident occurs.

The utterance number 2 of time deixis as in the table above shows that deictic word of time deixis “Today” is used in the utterance. The deictic word “today” refers to the time when Superman proves the truth. There is no a violation of Maxim Relation because the speaker gives the relevant information which is needed by a listener. Senator Finch as the speaker of the utterance wanted the explanation from superman by speaking in the U.S.A government hall. The utterance was uttered by Senator Finch in the U.S.A hall while superman came to the building proving that he was not a murderer.

The utterance number 3 of time deixis as in the table above shows that deictic word of time deixis “next time” is used in the utterance. At the utterance, there is a violation of Maxim quality. The listener gives the information which is false to speaker. The deictic word “next time” in the utterance refers to the time of speech event when Superman was talking to Batman before they started fighting by showing their capability. Superman as the speaker of the utterance wanted to make sure to Batman that He would be able to qonquer batman in the fighting.

The utterance number 4 of time deixis as in the table above shows that deictic word of time deixis “last night” is used in the utterance. At the utterance, there is a violation of maxim quality. the listener gives the false information to the speaker which is not required by the speaker. Alfred only asked to bruce as a listener whether his night was productive. But his replying is false about the information delivered. The deictic word “last night” in the utterance refers to the night when Bruce doing the criminal. The utterance was uttered by Alfred as the bodyguard of Bruce while he asked bruce about his action in the night as Batman. Alfed uttered the uttered the utterance when he looked that the people in Gotham city feeling a fear from the bruce action. The deictic word “last night” functions as the subject pronoun in the utterance.

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Table 4.10The interpretation of Time Deixis in Batman V Superman’s movie script

Cooperative Principle Time Deixis Maxim of Quantity Now Maxim of Quality Next time and Last night Maxim of Relation Today

The table above shows that there are 4 deictic words of time deixis found in Batman V Superman movie script. They are now, today, next time and last night. Those words belong to time deixis because they deal with the encoding at temporal points of the spoken or written message.

4.1.4 The interpretation of Social deixis in Batman V Superman’s movie script

Social deixis differs from the other deixis. It does not refer to the person, place, or time, because social deixis shows how different the social status/ rankings between the speaker and the addressee in the society using language. Social deixis marked of relative social status (for example, addressee with higher status versus addressee with lower status). In the data, the writer found the deictic words of social deixis. They are god, Father, Parents, Mr, Boss, Dad, General, Miss, and Madame. The table below shows some words in the utterance contained social deixis found in the data.

No Words in utterance Deictic Words Maxim Kind of Social Deixis referents (1) Wallace: Oh my God god, I can‟t feel my God Relation Social legs. Deixis

Bruce Wayne: You‟re going to be okay (2) Kahina : Even worse came after. The government attacked. No mercy Parents Relation Social Deixis in the village. My Parents parents tried to run

Senator Finch : The world has been so caught up with what Superman can do, that... no one has

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asked what he should do. (3) Emmet : When we General Relation Social General exposed General Deixis zod to this mineral, this happened.

Lex Luthor : We concluded the mineral could be weaponiized (4) Jack: The bosswants Boss us out of the Boss Social building. So, let‟s Quantity Deixis make it happen.

Jack: Heaven god, Creator of heaven and earth.

The utterance number 1 of social deixis in the table above shows that the use of deictic word that is “God”. At the utterance, there is a Violation of a relational deixis because bruce wayne doesn‟t give the relevant information which is needed or required by the speaker. The deictic word shows that the utterance is absolute social deixis because at the utterance we can se that there is a different social rankings between the speaker and the person which is refered. The speaker of the utterance is Wallace. As it can be seen that there is obvious difference between the speaker as the ordinary human being with god. God is viewed has the highest social ranking in life. Wallace uttered the utterance when he was on the ground and his legs trappes underneath rubble from the tragedy of falling debris.

The utterance number 2 of social deixis as it is shown in the table above, the use of deictic word that is “parents”. The deictic word shows that it is relational social deixis because in the utterance, there is a social relationship between the speaker and the addreese which is being refered to. The speaker is Kahina as he is telling the tragedy to the other people as the addressee of utterance. The deictic word “parents” refers to the mommy and daddy of kahina. Kahina uttered the utterance when he wanted to inform many peoples that the tragedy of falling debris really made a riot.

The utterance number 3 of social deixis as in the table above shows that the use of deictic word that is “general”. At the utterance, there is a violation of relational deixis because Lex as the listener at the utterance didn‟t imply the speaker means. At this context actually Emmet wanted to know the replying from Lex about the weaponizing of general zod material and then lex luthor as the listener didn‟t give

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the relevant information from the speaker. The deictic word shows that the utterance is absolute social deixis because in the utterance, there is a different social ranking between the speaker and the addresee. The speaker is Emmet as somone who has lower social ranking in the society. Emmet as a speaker is a citizen and the addresee has its own social ranking, or a leadership in the military field. Emmet uttered the utterance when she wanted to weaponize the material with lex luthor.

The utterance number 4 of social deixis as in the table above shows that the use of deictic word that is “boss”. The deictic word shows that the utterance is absolute social deixis because there is different social ranking between the speaker and the addressee in the utterance. The speaker is Jack as someone who wants to inform to many people in the building to move out so that they can be safe from a falling debris. Jack as the speaker has a different social ranking with the people which is refered to. The usage of deictic word “boss” shows that it is the leader in the company. Jack uttered the utterance when he gots the information from the leader in his company to move and go out in the building where they worked.

Table 4.12 The interpretation of Social Deixis in Batman V Superman’s movie script

Cooperative principle Social deixis Maxim of Relation God, Parent and General Maxim of quantity Boss

The table above shows that there are 4 deictic words of social deixis found in Batman V Superman‟s movie script. They are God, Parents, Boss, and General. Those words belong to social deixis because social deixis show how different the social status/ rankings between the speaker and the addressee in the society using the language.

4.1.5 The Interpretation of Discourse Deixis In Batman V Superman’s movie script.

Levinson (1983) states, “Discourse deixis encodes referent to portions of the unfolding discourse in which the utterance is located”. Discourse deixis related to the words or phrases that serve to reveal any part of the sentences in thediscourse/speech. The deictic terms used by this deixis are “this” that refers to a forthcoming portion of discourse and “that” to a preceding portion of discourse. Sometimes „that‟ is used in prior portion of discourse, while „this‟ is used in upcoming portion of discourse. The table below shows samples of discourse deixis found in the data.

Table 4.13 Discourse Deixis

No Words in Deictic Maxim Kind of Referents

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utterance Words Deixis (1) Clark kent : I Discourse The didn‟t kill those That Deixis thinking men if that is of many what they think. peoples If that is what Relation you are saying That The statement of many peoples (2) Bruce Wayne : He‟s too level, he knew nothing. This is a man Discourse Anatoly who knows This Quantity Deixis Knyazev things. Anatoli Knyazev. He is russian. Contracts all over the globe but he‟s base out of the port of Gotham. Weapons and human trafficking.

The utterance number 1 of discourse deixis in the table shows that the use of deictic word of discourse deixis “that”. The deictic word “that” shows that it is discourse deixis because it refers to a preceding portion of discourse. At the utterance number 1 above there is a violation of maxim relation. The speaker at the context wanted to give the the irrelevant information for the listener required. To know the clear interpretation for the speaker‟s meaning at the utterance at the discourse. the context of the dialogue must be understood. The deictic word “that” in the utterance refers to the thinking of many peoples and the statement of many peoples. The speaker at the utterance is uttered by Clark Kent when he was considered and speculated as the man who had killed many peoples by a society. at the fact, he did not do that. He wanted to prove that it wasn‟t his guilty. At the utterance, the discourse deixis functions as a subject pronoun.

The utterance number 2 of discourse deixis in the table shows that the use of deictic word of discourse deixis that is “this”. At the utterance, there is a violation of Quantity maxim because the speaker requires the speaker‟s contribution be as informative as one possibly the speaker can. And gives as much information as needed for the speaker. The deictic word “this” shows that it is discourse deixis because it refers to a forthcoming portion of discourse. The deictic word “this” in the utterance refers to Anatoli Knyazev. The utterance is uttered by bruce wayne as the speaker of

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utterance when he wanted to make the investigation with Alfred as his bodyguard in finding out the secret of the greatest weapon to loose superman. At the utterance, the functions of discourse deixis is as a subject pronoun.

Table 4.14. The Interpretation of Discourse Deixis in Batman V Superman’s movie script

Cooperative Principle Discourse Deixis Maxim of Relation That Maxim of Quantity This

The table above shows that there are 2 deictic words of discourse deixis found in Batman V Superman‟s movie script. They are this and that. Those words belong to discourse deixis because they relate to the words or phrases that serve to reveal any part of the sentence in the discourse/speech.

4.2 Findings

After analyzing the data, the writer found 5 types of Deixis in the interpretation of Deixis and the referents in Batman V Superman‟s movie script. The kinds of deixis and referents found in Batman V Superman‟s movie script could be seen in the table below.

Table 4.15 Kinds and Referents of Deixis Found in Batman V Superman‟s movie script

Violation Deictic Words Referents Maxim of I, Me, You Wallace Quantity ( Personal Deixis) Lois Lane Mercy Graves Amajagh

Clark Kent Officer Rucka Lex Luthor Guard Anatolli

Senator Finch

Bruce Wayne Diana Perry White Batman Superman

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PA Kent Maxim of I, and My Jenny Relation (Personal Deixis) Alfred Martha kent Swanwick Mexican Reporter Bruce Wayne

Lois Lane Lex Luthor Batman Alfred Anatolly Diana

Senator

Wallace PA kent Superman

Lois Lane Superman Batman Wallace Lex Luthor Bruce Wayne

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Senator Finch Lois Lane

Bruce Wayne

and Jack

Gleen Woodburn, Charlie and Senator Finch Maxim of I, My ,You, We, They, Us Emmet, Lex Quality (Personal Deixis) luthor and

Senator Finch

Lois and Swanwick Lex and Senator Finch Perry White and Clark Kent Bruce and Clark

Lex, Bruce and Clark kent American Peoples and senates Clark and PA Kent

Lex and senator

barrows

Officer Rucka and Asian woman

Reporter and American Peoples Lex Luthor and Superman Jack and People in Building Senator and Lex

Alfred and Bruce Wayne Superman and Batman Bruce Wayne

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and Alfred Bruce Wayne and Jack Lois and Swanwick Jack Wallace Senator Barow Senator Finch Diana Perry White The Girl Anatolli Swanwick Clark Kent Lois Lane Alfred Lex Luthor Batman Superman Nicky Lex Luthor Lois Lane Bruce Wayne Clark Kent Superman

Bruce Wayne Lex Luthor Batman Superman Clark Kent Anatoli Knyazev Prometheus

She Lois Lane Superman‟s mother Martha Kent Her Martha Kent Lois Lane

His Clark Kent Lex father

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Superman Him Batman Lex Luthor Bruce Wayne Women in the village Societies They Batman Parents African Militans

The sword of Alexander Cryptonian Cell White Portuguese The Bat

A small green It rock Cherry Reign of terror

A bullet

A bucket of piss

A weapon of assasination Metal The superman incident Russian phone Philantropist

Elevator Down the stair The drink The fear The meeting of Bruce and Clark The Secret The explosion

Criminal The planet The Desert

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Murderer The Photo The sky The way pointing Lois Lane Devil

Radioactive xenomineral Man on the marquee Room Gotham city

The rock

This Beloved Monument On the Ground Cage Room Here Mountains Gotham Rooftop Bathroom United States Capitol Office Lex corp There Sahara Desert Outside of United States Capitol

Now Time to move out from the building Time when Lex is speaking Time when Bruce is speaking Time when Alfred is

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speaking

Time when guard is speaking Time when Neil tyson is speaking Today Time when senator feeling grateful Time when superman talks for truth Time when Superman talking the truth Time when Perry White Talks to clark kent

Last Night Time when Bruce wayne did the action

Next time The day when societies admire Batman God God Parent Parent Father Father Dad Dad Sir Sir Mr Mr Boss Boss General General Amajagh Miss Miss

Mother Mother Madame Madame This Anatoly Knyazev

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That Thinking of many peoples Bruce Wayne

Fear Theory

From the table above, it shows that the five kinds of deixis found in Batman V Superman‟s movie script. There is also a violation of maxim contained deixis. As portrayed in personal deixis contained maxim relation, quantity and quality. Each deictic word has a referent and a referent will be different because the speaker is different as well. The personal deixis and the referent mostly found in Batman V Superman‟s movie script.

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CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

5.1 Conclusion

After the writer described and analyzed the interpretation of deixis and the referents in Batman V Superman‟s movie script. The writer concluded that the five kinds of deixis are used in the script Batman V Superman. There is also the violation of maxim deixis contained in. The kind of deixis mostly found is person deixis .

Each deictic word has referent. The referent can be different because the speaker is different as well. But the different deictic words can have the same referent. The referents in this play are mostly third persons because the speakers of the utterances mostly use deictic words that refer to person and entities that are either speakers or addressees of the utterances and because this movie tells about the admiration of society to the two popular superheroes who will fight to save the world.

5.2 Suggestion

After completed this thesis, the writer suggests to other researchers who want to conduct research about deixis to describe more detail about deixis including anaphora and cataphora deixis used.

The writer suggests to the readers and English learners who analyze deixis should understand and have knowledge about the theory of deixis because deixis is an important study to know the purpose and the meaning of referent in the utterances. By knowing the kinds of deixis which are person deixis, place deixis, time deixis, social deixis, and discourse deixis as well as with the referent it can help the readers to comprehend text and also to understand the contents,the context and what the speaker means by the utterance.

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APPENDICES Batman V Superman script ( Source : http://transcripts.wikia.com/wiki/Batman_v_Superman:_Dawn of justice ) Bruce Wayne: Jack, Listen to me.I want you to get everyone out of the building BruceWayne:You understand? Jack : Let‟s go. come on, start moving now.The boss wants us out of the building.Jack : Heaven god. Creator of heaven and earth Wallace:Mr.wayne.I can‟t feel my legs. Bruce Wayne: We need help over here Bruce Wayne: You‟re going to be okay Wallace : you‟re the Boss Wallace : Oh my god, I can‟t feel my legs Bruce wayne : you‟re going to be okay, we‟re going to find your mom Lois lane : Are you a terrorist, general General Amajagh : They did not tell me the interview was with a lady Lois lane: I‟m not a lady, I am a journalist General Amajagh: what I am is a man with nothing Lois lane: who‟s paying for these contractor, general? Jimmy: Not her, We just used her cresidential over. She doesn‟t know anything Lois Lane: I didn‟t know anything General Amajagh: ignorance is not the same as innocence miss lane. General Amajagh: Get up, stand up and hold a gun to her head Kahina : Like the sky crack open. He came down so many dead Kahina: Even worse came after. The government attacked. My parents tried to run. Senator Finch: The world has been so caught up eith what superman can do.no one has asked what he should do. Let the record show that this commitee Kahina : He‟ll never answer to you. He answers to no one. Not even I think to god Clark Kent: I was going to surprise you. Lois lane : They held hearings what happened. They are saying Lois lane : I just don‟t know if it‟s possible

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Lois lane: for you to love me and be you Lois lane: Clark, you‟re going to flood the apartment Asian woman : It saved us. a devil Officer rucka : It‟s okay. we‟re going to help Asian women : It‟s still here Officer rucka: I don‟t understand Scared man : Please don‟t I don‟t know who he is Officer mazzuchelli: He branded him Bruce wayne: This is a man who knows things. Anatoli Knyazev. He is russian Alfred : so the white portuguese is a russian, that‟s the theory Bruce wayne : no, the theory is that the russian lead me to the man himself criminals, Alfred. We‟ve always been criminals. Nothing‟s changed Lex luthor : I did not know you were here Lex luthor : Don‟t believe it. My father named the company after himself. He was the lex infront of the corp. Lex Luthor: you know, Dad was born in east Germany. He grew up eating. Stale crackers. And every other Saturday, he had to march in a parade and waved flowers in tyrants. Lex luthor : one of my rebuild metropolis crew found it. A little souvenir from the kryptonian world engine Perry White: Kent, you‟re sports today. I want you to follow up on the football.

Emmet : The fragment is of a radioactive xenomineral. We suspected it might have bio interactions, so we took the sample Lex luthor : Lying at the bottom of the indian ocean. Emerald city. Beautiful. Now. Rocky is radioactive. But, what he needs from. Lex Luthor : As a deterremt, A silver bullet to keep in reserve to use against the kryptonians. So the day doesn‟t come. Madame Senator Barrows :What‟s your wish list Reporter : while they brought the man down from thisbeloved monument Wallace : I work for Bruce Wayne Lex Luthor : Could you step into my office here

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Senator Barows : you want zod‟s body ? Woman: Show him what you got! Bruce Wayne : 3 nights with Bolshoi ballerina, the line was all she taught me Anatolli : Not all, I‟m sure.Good evening Clark Kent : It‟s like a one man reign of terror. This bat vigilante has been consistently targetting the port and the adjacent projects and tenements and as far as I can tell the cops are actually helping him Perry White : “Crime wave in Gotham,” other breaking news. Did you file the football yet? Clark Kent : Why aren‟t we covering this? Poor people don‟t buy papers Perry White : It‟s called a bullet. You shoot people with it Lex Luthor : Mydad always said that Kentucky mash was the secret to health. This was his room. I left it just the way it was.It‟s silly. The magical thinking of orphan boys. Senator Finch : I‟m blocking the import license for your mineral Lex Luthor : Do you know the oldest lie in America, Senator? Lex Luthor : You don‟t think dad would mind do you ? If I change just. Just one thing in this room Swanwick: miss lane, If you like an interview . Major Farris is just outside that door Lois Lane : You‟re treating me like a stranger Lois Lane : fired in the superman incident. Experts can‟t Identity it. We haven‟t been told the truth Bruce Wayne: This is every call made from the Russian‟s phone. Two mentions of business with the white portuguese and it‟s continuing transmitting black out data to the personal residence of Alexander Luthor. Alfred : The bat interrogated six peoples and came away with nothing. It was Bruce Wayne that got the information Lex Luthor: Books are knowledge, and knowledge is a power. No, what I am. What I suppose to say.the bitter sweet pain among man is having knowledge with no power. Because that is paradoxical, and thank you for coming, please drink, it is free Lex Luthor : Prometheus went with us. And he ruined Zeus plan to destroy man kind and for that , he was given a thunderbolt Clark Kent: I‟m sorry Clark kent : I‟ve seen it. Mr. Wayne. He thinks he‟s above the law

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Bruce Wayne : It‟s gotham city in me. We just have a bad history with freaks dressed like clowns Bruce Wayne: Daily Planet. Wait. Do I own this one Lex Luthor: You should hop the hub more often though. I love to show you my lab Senator Finch: I‟m not saying he shouldn‟t act. I‟m saying he shouldn‟t act unilaterally. Guard: Keefe, you made bail Wallace Keefe: well, what do you want Perry White :So, I logged into your dropbox to find a copy Perry White: so could you, if it was 1938. But it‟s not 1938. You drop this thing. No body cares about Clark Kent taking on the Batman Rich Guy: It‟s the sword of Alexander. It‟s the blade that cut the Gordian Knot. It‟s a triumph Bruce Wayne: It‟s a fake. The real was sold in 98 on the black market. Nowit hangs Bruce Wayne: Excuse me, Miss. The other night, you took something that doesn‟t belong to you. Stealing is not polite Diana: As it happens, no I didn‟t the data you copied is military grade encryption Bruce Wayne: You know. I bet with that dress 9 out of 10 men would let you get away with anything Bruce Wayne: It‟s a weapon. It‟s a rock. A mineral, a capable of weakening kryptonian cells. The first sample big enough to mean something turned up in the indian ocean 3 months ago. It is now aboard the white portuguese being delivered to Lex Luthor. Who I am going to steal it from? Perry White: Kent, I want to talk to you. Kent! Where does he go Jenny: I don‟t know Superman: Next time, they shine your light in the sky. Don‟t go to it. The bat is dead. Bury it. Consider this mercy. Batman : Do you bleed Soledad: We expect that Superman would give some statement to the senate to the american people Senator : He‟s here. He came. He‟s above the capitol. Lex Luthor: Do you know the oldest lie in America, Senator? Senator Finch : Let me say at the outset that I am grateful to our witness for coming before us today

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Lex Luthor: The knight is here Lex Luthor : Now, the secret is the height. It‟s the building material. It‟s light metals which sway in the wind. And you know something about lexcorp metals, don‟t you, Miss Lane? Lois Lane: I‟ve proven what you‟ve done Lex Luthor:Wow, you‟re feisty. Unfortunately that will blow away. Like sand in the desert. Lex Luthor: Boy, do we have problem up here? The problem of evil in the world Superman : I‟ll take you without breaking you Lex Luthor: The problem of you on top of everything else. You above all Lex Luthor: Clark Joseph Kent. See what we call god depends upon our tribe. Clark Jo. Because god is tribal. God takes sides. No man in the sky intervened when I was a boy to deliver me from daddy‟s fist and abominations. I‟ve figured it out way back. If god is powerfull, he cannot be all good. And if he‟s all good then he cannot be all powerful. And neither can you be. Superman : What have you done? Lex Luthor : and tonight they will. Yes because you, my friend have a date. Across the bay ripe fruit, his hate. Two years growing but it did not take much to push him over actually. You let your family die! And now, You will fly to him, and you will battle him, to the death. Black and blue fight night! The greatest gladiator match in the history of the world. God vs man. Day vs night. Son of Krypton vs Bat of Gotham. Superman: You think I‟ll fight him for you? Lex Luthor: Yes I do, I think you‟ll fight for that special lady in your life Superman : She‟s safe on the ground. How about you Lex Luthor: I‟m not talking about lois. No every boy‟s special lady is his mother Superman : Where is she? Lex Luthor: I don‟t know. I wouldn‟t let them tell me. If you kill me, Martha dies. And if you fly away, martha also dies. But if you kill the bat. Martha lives. Lex luthor, would you look at the time. When you came here, you had an hour. Now it‟s less. Superman: Lois, I have to go to Gotham to convince him to help me. Or Shehas to die Lois Lane: I need a chopper to Gotham

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Perry White: Jenny, get her a chopper to Gotham. And forget the heliport. Put her the god damn roof Batman : Well, Here I am Superman : I was wrong. You have to listen to me. Lex wants us Superman : You don‟t understand Batman : I understand Superman: Stay down, If I wanted it, You‟d be dead already Batman : Breathe in. That‟s fear. You‟re not brave. Batman: I bet your parents taught you that you mean something. You‟re here for a reason. Myparents taught me a different lesson Batman: You were never a god, you are never a man. Superman : You‟re letting him ...kill martha Batman : What does that mean? Why did you say that name? Superman: Find him. Save Martha Superman : My mother needs me Batman : wait, I‟ll make you a promise Alfred: I‟m sorry for listening in. I‟ve tracked the russian‟s phone to a warehouse near the port Alfred: Thermal imaging is showing me two dozen hostiles on the third floor. Why don‟t I drop you off on the second Superman: You lost! Lex Luthor: I cannot let you win. I gave the bat a fighting chance to do it. But he wasn‟t strong enough. Lex Luthor: The blood of my blood. Born to destroy you.Your doomsday Batman: I‟d rather do the breaking in person. Batman: I‟d rather do the breaking in person. Batman: Alfred, It‟s kryptonians.only kryptonite weapons can kill it Batman: if I can penetrate the skin Superman: Did you find the spear Batman : I‟ve been a little busy. Superman: Is she with you

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Batman : I thought she was with you Lois: Clark, are you alright Clark : This is my world. Clark : You‟re my world Diana Prince: They don‟t know how to honor him except a soldier Bruce Wayne: I‟ve failed him, in life. I won‟t fail him in death. Help me find the others like you

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APPENDICES

Data Analysis

No. Utterances Deictic Kinds of Referents Words Deixis 1 Bruce Wayne: Jack, Listen FPD Bruce Wayne to me.I want you to get I everyone out of the building

2 Me FPD Bruce Wayne

3. BruceWayne:You You FPD Jack understand? 4. Jack : Let‟s go. come on, Boss ASD Boss start moving now.The boss 5. Now TD Time to move out wants us out of the building from the building 6. Us FPD Jack and people in the building 7. Jack: Heaven god. Creator god ASD god of heaven and earth.

8. Wallace:Mr.wayne.I can‟t Mr ASD Bruce Wayne feel my legs. 9. I FPD Wallace

10. Bruce Wayne: We need We FPD Bruce Wayne and . help over here Jack 11 Here PPD On the ground

12 Bruce Wayne: You‟re going You FPD Wallace to be okay. 13 Wallace : you‟re the Boss Boss ASD Bruce Wayne 14 Wallace : Oh my god, I god ASD God can‟t feel my legs

15 I FPD Wallace 16 my FPD Wallace 17 Bruce wayne : you‟re going You SPD The girl to be okay, we‟re going to

find your mom

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18 Lois lane : Are you a General ASD General amajagh terrorist, general ?

19 General Amajagh : They They TPD African militans did not tell me the interview

was with a lady 20 Lois lane: I‟m not a lady, I I FPD Lois Lane am a journalist 21 General Amajagh: what I I FPD General amajagh am is a man with nothing. 22 Lois lane: who‟s paying for General ASD General amajagh these contractor, general?

23 Jimmy: Not her, We just She TPD Lois Lane used her cresidential over. She doesn‟t know anything.

24 Lois Lane: I didn‟t know I FPD Lois Lane anything.

25 General Amajagh: Miss ASD Lois Lane ignorance is not the same as innocence miss lane. 26 General Amajagh: Get up, Her TPD Lois Lane stand up and hold a gun to her head 27 Kahina : Like the sky crack He TPD Superman open. He came down so many dead 28 Kahina: Even worse came Parents RSD Parents after. The government attacked. My parents tried to run. 29 Senator Finch: The world He TPD Superman has been so caught up eith what superman can do.no one has asked what he should do. Let the record show that this commitee 30 Kahina : He‟ll never answer He TPD Superman to you. He answers to no one. Not even I think to god

31 God ASD God 32 Clark Kent: I was going to I FPD Clark Kent surprise you.

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33 Lois lane : They held They TPD Women in the hearings what happened. village They are saying

34. Clark Kent: I don‟t care I FPD Clark Kent what they are saying 35 Clark Kent: I did not kill I FPD Clark Kent those men if that is what 36 they think. If that‟s what You SPD Lois Lane you’re saying

37 Lois lane : I just don‟t know I FPD Lois Lane if it‟s possible 38 Lois lane: for you to love Me FPD Lois Lane me and be you 39 Lois lane: Clark, you‟re You SPD Clark Kent going to flood the apartment. 40 Asian woman : It saved us. It TPD Devil a devil 41 Officer rucka : It‟s okay. We FPD Officer rucka and we‟re going to help asian woman 42 Asian woman : It saved us It TPD Devil 43 Officer rucka: Okay, we‟re Here PPD In a cage going to get you out of here 44 Asian wome : It‟s still here It TPD The Bat

45 Here PPD In a cage 46 Officer rucka: I don‟t I FPD Officer rucka understand 47 Scared man : Please don‟t I He TPD Batman don‟t know who he is. 48 Officer mazzuchelli: He He TPD Batman branded him 49 Him TPD Batman

50 Bruce wayne: This is a man This DD Anatoli Knyazev who knows things. Anatoli 51 Knyazev. He is russian. He TPD Anatoli Knyazev

52 Alfred : so the white That DD The theory portuguese is a russian, that‟s the theory

53 Bruce wayne : no, the Me FPD Bruce Wayne theory is that the russian

lead me to the man himself

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54 criminals, Alfred. We‟ve We FPD Bruce Wayne and always been criminals. Alfred Nothing‟s changed.

55 Lex luthor : I did not know I FPD Lex Luthor you were here. 56 Here PPD At lex corp 57 Lex luthor : Don‟t believe It TPD Man on the marquee it. My father named the 58 company after himself. He Father RSD Father was the lex infront of the corp. 59 Lex luthor: Really great? Me FPD Lex Luthor Good, follow me! 60 Lex Luthor: you know, Dad Dad RSD Dad was born in east Germany. He grew up eating. Stale crackers. And every other Saturday, he had to march in a parade and waved flowers in tyrants.

61 Lex luthor : one of my It TPD A small green rock rebuild metropolis crew found it. A little souvenir from the kryptonian world engine

62 Emmet : The fragment is of It TPD Radioactive a radioactive xenomineral. xenomineral 63 We suspected it might have We FPD Emmet, Lex and bio interactions, so we took Senator Finch the sample.

64 Emmet :and when we We FPD Emmet, Lex and exposed general zod to this Senator Finch 65 mineral,this happened General ASD General 66 Lex luthor : we concluded We FPD Emmet, Lex and the mineral could be Senator Finch

weaponized, if a large

enough sample was found. And then among the fishes, a whale. Lex luthor : Lying at the Now TD Time when Lex 67 bottom of the indian ocean. speaking

Emerald city. Beautiful. Now. Rocky is radioactive. But, what he needs from

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you is an import license. We Lex Luthor and FPD 68 Senator Finch : and why Senator Finch would we want to weaponize this material

69 Lex Luthor : As a deterremt, Madame RSD Madame A silver bullet to keep in reserve to use against the kryptonians. So the day doesn‟t come. Madame. 70 Guard: Sir, Get down! Sir ASD Sir 71 Guard: I said, get down now I FPD Guard

72 Now TD Time when guard is

speaking 73 You SPD Clark Kent

74 Perry White: Kent, you‟re Today TD Time when Perry sports today. I want you to White talks to Clark

follow up on the football. kent 75 I FPD Perry White 76 Reporter : while they This PPD Beloved monument brought the man down from thisbeloved monument 77 Wallace : I work for Bruce I FPD Wallace Wayne 78 Senator Barrows: There‟s We FPD Senator Barrows and ways we can help each other Lex Luthor 79 Lex Luthor : Could you step You SPD Senator Barrow into my office here ? 80 My FPD Lex Luthor 81 Here PPD Office

82 Senator Barrows :What‟s Your SPD Lex Luthor your wish list? 83 Senator Barows : you want You SPD Lex Luthor zod‟s body ? 84 Lex luthor: It‟s cherry It TPD Cherry 85 Woman: Show him what Him TPD Bruce Wayne you got! 86 Bruce Wayne : 3 nights with Me FPD Bruce Wayne Bolshoi ballerina, the line was all she taught me 87 Anatolli : Not all, I‟m I FPD Anatolli sure.Good evening

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88 Clark Kent : It‟s like a one It TPD reign of terror man reign of terror. This bat vigilante has been consistently targetting the port and the adjacent 89 Clark Kent projects and tenements and I FPD as far as I can tell the cops are actually helping him 90 Perry White : “Crime wave You SPD Clark Kent in Gotham,” other breaking news. Did you file the football yet? 91 Clark Kent : Why aren‟t we We FPD Perry White and covering this? Poor people Clark Kent don‟t buy papers? 92 Clark Kent : Perry, when You SPD Perry White you assign a story, you‟re

making a choice about who matters and who‟s worth it. 93 Perry White : It‟s called a It TPD A bullet bullet. You shoot people with it. 94 Lois Lane : Flight to DC There DPD Sahara dessert tonight, a couple of days there 95 Lex Luthor : Mydad always My FPD Lex Luthor said that Kentucky mash 96 was the secret to health. Dad RSD Dad This was his room. I left it 97 just the way it was.It‟s silly. His TPD Lex father 98 The magical thinking of I FPD Lex Luthor orphan boys. 99 It TPD Room

100 Senator Finch : I‟m I FPD Senator Finch blocking the import license 101 for your mineral Your SPD Lex Luthor

102 Lex Luthor : Do you know You SPD Senator Finch the oldest lie in America, Senator? 103 Senator Finch : You can call You SPD Lex Luthor me whatever you like. Take

a bucket of piss and call it 104 Granny‟s peach tea. Take a Me FPD Senator Finch weapon of assasination and

call it deterrence.You won‟t

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105 fool a fly or me. I‟m not You SPD Lex Luthor going to drink it You SPD 106 Lex Luthor 107 It TPD A bucket of piss

108 It TPD A weapon of assasination 109 Me FPD Senator Finch 110 I FPD Senator Finch 111 Lex Luthor : You don‟t You FPD Senator Finch think dad would mind do 112 Dad RSD Dad you ? If I change just. Just 113 one thing in this room I FPD Lex Luthor

114 Lois lane : Secretary You SPD Swanwick Swanwick, you haven‟t 115 My FPD Lois Lane been returning my phone calls. 116 Swanwick: miss lane, If you Miss RSD Miss like an interview . Major 117 You SPD Lois Lane Farris is just outside that door 118 Lois Lane : You‟re treating You SPD Swanwick me like a stranger. 119 Me FPD Lois Lane 120 Swanwick : I‟m treating I FPD Swanwick you like a reporter. 121 You SPD Lois Lane 122 Swanwick : You know with You SPD Lois Lane ball like yours, you belong 123 Here PPD Bathroom in here 124 Lois Lane : No not tin, but It TPD Metal it‟s metal 125 Lois Lane : fired in the It TPD The superman superman incident. Experts incident 126 can‟t Identity it. We haven‟t We FPD Lois Lane and been told the truth Swanwick 127 Alfred : I hope the next I FPD Alfred generation of waynes won‟t inherit an empty wine cellar. 128 Alfred : Thank you, Sir Sir RSD Sir

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129 Bruce Wayne: This is every It TPD Russian Phone call made from the Russian‟s phone. Two mentions of business with the white portuguese and it‟s continuing transmitting black out data to the personal residence of Alexander Luthor. 130 Alfred : You think Lex You SPD Bruce Wayne luthor is white portuguese? 131 Bruce Wayne : I can‟t see I FPD Bruce Wayne that he needs the income 132 from imported arms. He TPD Lex Luthor 133 Alfred : The bat interrogated It TPD The bat six peoples and came away with nothing. It was Bruce Wayne that got the information 134 Alfred : Bruce Wayne won‟t He TPD Bruce Wayne have to. He‟s been invited 135 Photographer: You must be You SPD Clark Kent new to the let them eat cake 136 beat. That is bruce wayne. That DD Bruce Wayne 137 Nicky: True friend of the Mr ASD Mr library of Metropolis. Mr. Lex luthor. 138 Lex Luthor: Nicky, You‟re You SPD Nicky embarassing me 139 Me FPD Lex Luthor

140 Lex Luthor: The word It TPD The philantropist Philanthropist comes from the greek. Meaning a lover of humanity. It was coined about 2.500 years ago. 141 Bruce Wayne: Alright, I FPD Bruce Wayne where am I going Alfred? 142 Alfred: That where it must It TPD The elevator be. It‟s in the service corridor in the basement. Go down the stairs. 143 Lex Luthor : Prometheus He TPD Prometheus went with us. And he ruined

Zeus plan to destroy man kind and for that , he was given a thunderbolt.

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144 Alfred : Down the stairs, It It TPD Down the stairs is the only way in.

145 Lex Luthor : But at one My FPD Lex Luthor time, Dad could not either. 146 Father RSD Father No, my father couldnot afford the books. 147 Alfred: Now you got the Now TD Time when Alfred kitchens on your right speaking 148 Mercy Graves: May I help I FPD Mercy Graves you, Mr. Wayne? 149 You SPD Bruce Wayne

150 Bruce Wayne: Great, I‟m I FPD Bruce Wayne okay. I like those shoes 151 Bruce Wayne : I can‟t stay I FPD Bruce Wayne down here, Alfred. 152 Here PPD Room

153 Lex Luthor: Books are I FPD Lex luthor knowledge, and knowledge is a power. No, what I am. What I suppose to say.the bitter sweet pain among 154 man is having knowledge It TPD The drink with no power. Because that is paradoxical, and thank you for coming, please drink, it is free 155 Clark Kent: I‟m sorry. I FPD Clark Kent 156 Bruce wayne: wow pretty Me FPD Bruce Wayne girl. Bad habit. Don‟t quote me, Alright? 157 Clark Kent: What‟s your Your SPD Bruce Wayne position in the bat vigilante in Gotham? 158 Bruce Wayne: Daily Planet. I FPD Bruce Wayne Wait. Do I own this one? 159 Bruce Wayne: Don‟t believe You SPD Clark Kent everything you hear son. 160 Clark kent : I‟ve seen it. Mr. I FPD Clark Kent Wayne. He thinks he‟s

above the law 161 It TPD Fear.

162 Clark Kent: Most of the Your SPD Bruce Wayne world doesn‟t share your

opinion, Mr.Wayne

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163 Bruce Wayne : It‟s gotham It TPD Gotham City city in me. We just have a 164 Me FPD Bruce Wayne bad history with freaks 165 dressed like clowns We FPD Bruce Wayne and Clark Kent 166 Lex Luthor: Mm, Bruce I FPD Lex Luthor wayne meets Clark Kent. I 167 love it . I love bringing It TPD The meeting of people together. How are Bruce and Clark 168 we? We FPD Lex, Bruce and Clark 169 Lex Luthor : Hellom good. It TPD The meeting of It‟s a pleasure. After all Bruce and Clark 170 these years, we „ve finally We FPD Lex, Bruce and got over to Metropolis Clark 171 Bruce Wayne: Well, I I FPD Bruce Wayne thought I come drink you dry 172 Lex Luthor: You should hop I FPD Lex Luthor the hub more often though. I 173 My FPD Lex Luthor love to show you my lab 174 Mexican Reporter: I can‟t I FPD Mexican Reporter believe they‟re going to let that poor girl die. 175 Vikram Gandhi: We, as a We FPD Reporter and population on this planet American peoples have been looking for the savior. 90% of people believe in a higher power. And every religion believes in some sort messianic figure. We have to start thinking beyond politics. 176 Glen Woodburn: Human We FPD Gleen woodburn, beings have horrible track Charlie and Senator

record of following people with great power. Down paths that lead to huge

human monstrosities, We 177 have always created icons in Him TPD Superman our own image. What we‟ve done is we project ourselves on to him.

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178 Neil Degrasse Tyson: We‟re Now TD Time when Neil talking about a being whose Tyson speaking very existence challenges 179 American peoples our own sense of priority in We FPD and senates the universe, displacing earth. And now we learned that we‟re not even special in the entire universe. 180 Senator Finch: I‟m not I FPD Senator Finch saying he shouldn‟t act. I‟m 181 saying he shouldn‟t act He TPD Superman unilaterally. 182 Guard: Keefe, you made You SPD Wallace Keefe bail! 183 Wallace Keefe: well, what You SPD Lex Luthor do you want? 184 Lex Luthor: To help you You SPD Wallace stand for something 185 Wallace: He made me half a He TPD Lex Luthor man. Let me face him 186 Me FPD Wallace

187 Him TPD Lex Luthor 188 Perry White :So, I logged I FPD Perry White into your dropbox to find a 189 copy Your SPD Clark Kent 190 Perry White: You don‟t get You SPD Clark Kent to decide what the right thing is 191 Clark Kent : When the It TPD The Planet planet was founded, it stood for something, Perry. 192 Perry White: so could you, You SPD Clark Kent if it was 1938. But it‟s not 193 1938. You drop this thing. It TPD The Planet 194 No body cares about Clark It TPD The Planet Kent taking on the Batman 195 You SPD Clark Kent 196 Rich Guy: It‟s the sword of It TPD The Sword of Alexander. It‟s the blade Alexander 197 that cut the Gordian Knot. It TPD The sword of It‟s a triumph Alexander

198 It TPD The Sword of Alexander

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199 Bruce Wayne: It‟s a fake. It TPD The Sword of The real was sold in 98 on Alexander the black market. Nowit 200 hangs Now TD Time when Bruce Speaking 201 It TPD The sword of Alexander 202 Bruce Wayne: Excuse me, Miss DD Miss Miss. The other night, you 203 took something that doesn‟t You SPD Diana belong to you. Stealing is not polite 204 Diana: Is it stealing if you It TPD The sword of steal from another thief? Alexander 205 You SPD Bruce Wayne 206 Bruce Wayne: Who are You SPD Diana you? 207 Diana : I believe Mr. Luthor I FPD Diana has a photo belong to me 208 Me FPD Diana 209 Bruce Wayne: Did you get You SPD Diana it ? 210 It TPD The Photo 211 Diana: As it happens, no I I FPD Diana didn‟t the data you copied is 212 military grade encryption You SPD Bruce Wayne 213 Bruce Wayne: You know. I You SPD Diana bet with that dress 9 out of 214 I FPD Bruce Wayne 10 men would let you get away with anything. 215 Batman : Did you get it? It TPD The Rock The rock? 216 Superman: She was my She TPD Lois Lane world. And you took her 217 from me My FPD Superman 218 Her TPD Lois Lane

219 Me FPD Superman

220 You SPD Batman 221 Flash : Bruce! Listen to me Me FPD Flash now! It‟s lois! It‟s lois lane!

She is the key! Am I too 222 soon? It TPD The way pointing Lois Lane

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223 It TPD The way pointing Lois Lane

224 She TPD Lois Lane

225 Batman : Do you bleed? Superman You SPD 226 Bruce wayne: The white portuguese is not a man, It‟s The white It TPD a ship. portuguese 227 Alfred: Master wayne, Since You SPD Bruce Wayne the age of 7, you have been 228 to the art of deception as Me FPD Alfred mozart to the harpsichord.But you‟ve never been too hot of lying to me 229 Alfred: What is it carrying? It TPD The white portuguese 230 Bruce Wayne: It‟s a It TPD The white weapon. It‟s a rock. A portuguese 231 mineral, a capable of It TPD The white weakening kryptonian cells. portuguese. The first sample big enough 232 It TPD The cryptonian cell to mean something turned 233 up in the indian ocean 3 Now TD Time when Bruce months ago. It is now speaking 234 aboard the white portuguese I FPD Bruce Wayne being delivered to Lex 235 Luthor. Who I am going to It TPD The cryptonian cell steal it from? 236 Alfred: To keep it out of It TPD The cryptonian cell Luthor‟s hands. To destroy 237 It TPD The cryptonian cell it. 238 Alfred : You‟re going to go You SPD Bruce Wayne to war?

239 Bruce Wayne: That son of a Us FPD Alfred and Bruce bitch brought the war to us. Wayne

Count the dead. Thousands 240 of people. What‟s next? He TPD Superman Millions? He has the power

to wipe out the entire human race and we believe there We FPD Alfred and Bruce even a 1% chance that he is Wayne

our enemy. We have to take it as an absolute certainty.

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And we have to destroy him

241 He TPD Superman

242 Alfred and Bruce We FPD Wayne 243 It TPD Cryptonian cell

244 Him TPD Superman 245 Alfred: He is not our enemy He TPD Superman

246 Us FPD Alfred and Bruce Wayne 247 Perry White: Kent, I want to I FPD Perry White talk to you. Kent! Where 248 You SPD Clark Kent does he go? 249 He TPD Clark Kent

250 Jenny: I don‟t know! I FPD Jenny 251 Lois Lane: I don‟t have a I FPD Lois Lane halo over me! I went to the 252 Me FPD Lois Lane desert. People died. It keeps 253 me awake. It should It TPD The desert

254 Lois Lane : If you think It TPD The murderer superman is a murderer then 255 throw it away.But, I don‟t I FPD Lois Lane believe you think that. 256 Superman: Next time, they Next Time TD The Day when shine your light in the sky. societies admire

Don‟t go to it. The bat is Batman dead. Bury it. Consider this mercy.

257 They TPD Societies

258 Your SPD Batman

259 The Sky It TPD

260 It TPD The Bat

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261 Batman: Tell me. Do you Me FPD Batman bleed? You will

262 You SPD Superman

You SPD 263 Superman 264 Martha Kent: people hate They TPD Societies what they don‟t understand. 265 But they see what you do. They TPD Societies And they know who you 266 are. You’re not a killer. I You SPD Clark Kent never wanted this world to 267 have you. Be their hero, You SPD Clark Kent Clark 268 I FPD Martha Kent 269 You SPD Clark Kent 270 Swanwick: He also had a He TPD Lex Luthor private security contractors in the desert compound 271 Swanwick: Not a chance. I FPD Swanwick It‟s classified. I happen to 272 like my job My FPD Swanwick

273 Wallace: He is not a hero He TPD Superman 274 Lex Luthor: You SPD Senator Senator...Hi..You don‟t go 275 anywhere. I want to talk to I FPD Lex Luthor you. Make sure no one takes 276 my seat. My FPD Lex Luthor

277 Lex Luthor: I‟m just here to I FPD Lex Luthor tell my story. 278 My FPD Lex Luthor 279 Here PPD United States Capitol 280 Soledad: And there he is. He TPD Superman Superman is here. He‟s 281 actually at the United States Here PPD United States Capitol. Capitol 282 Soledad: We expect that We FPD American peoples Superman would give some and senates statement to the senate to the american people. 283 Senator : He‟s here. He He TPD Superman came. He‟s above the

capitol.

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284 Here PPD United States Capitol

285 Lex Luthor: You‟re going to You SPD be on the hot seat here Senator Barrow

286 Here PPD United States

Capitol 287 Senator Finch: I grew up on I FPD Senator Finch a farm. I know how to

wrestle a pig 288 Lex Luthor: Do you know You SPD Senator Finch the oldest lie in America,

Senator? 289 Senator Finch : Let me say Me FPD Senator Finch at the outset that I am 290 grateful to our witness for I FPD Senator Finch coming before us today. 291 Our FPD Senator Finch and Lex Luthor 292 Us FPD Senator Finch and Lex Luthor 293 Today TD Time when senator feeling gratefull 294 Senator Finch: This is how a We FPD Senator Finch and democracy works. We talk Lex Luthor 295 to each other. We act by the I FPD Senator Finch consent of the govern. I have sat here before to say that shadow interventions will not tolerate by this commitee. 296 Senator Finch: Neither will Today TD Time when lies. Today is a day for superman talking the

truth. Because only by truth speaking.

My FPD 297 Senator Finch: Oh My God! Senator Finch

God ASD 298 God

299 Superman : I didn‟t see it. Lois is standing there and I I FPD didn‟t see it. Superman It TPD 300 The explosion

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301 There DPD Outside of united

302 Superman : I‟m afraid I states capitol didn‟t see it because I I FPD wasn‟t looking. All this time Superman My FPD 303 I have been living my life the way my father saw it. Superman Thinking I am here to do

good. Superman was never real

304 Superman : It did on my world. My world doesn‟t My FPD exist anymore Superman

305 Jenny : His dissappearance His TPD raises a question Clark Kent

306 PA Kent : Something, isn‟t We FPD it? We met kansas live on a Clark and PA Kent Here PPD 307 pancake so we come to the mountains. All of downhill Mountain from here. Down to the

flood plain. The farm is at the bottom of the world. I remember one reason water

came bad. I couldn‟t been 12. 308 PA Kent: when I met I FPD yourmother. She gave me Pa kent 309 faith that there is good in Your SPD this world. She was my Superman Mother RSD 310 world. I miss you son. Mother 311 She TPD Superman‟s mother 312 Superman: I miss you too I FPD Dad. Superman Dad RSD 313 Dad 314 Alfred: you know, you can‟t You SPD win. Bruce Wayne

315 Bruce Wayne: I‟m older I FPD than my father was Bruce Wayne

316 Father ASD

Father

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317 Bruce Wayne: Criminals are My FPD like weeds, Alfred. Pull one Bruce Wayne It TPD 318 up, another grows in it‟s place.This is about the Criminal future of the world. It‟s my legacy 319 Bruce Wayne: You know, You SPD Alfred myfather sat me down, 320 right here. Told me that My FPD Bruce Wayne wayne manor was built of 321 Father RSD Father

322 Me FPD Bruce Wayne 323 Reporter: We got to wait for We FPD Reporter and more evidence.but the American Peoples. 324 question still remains, where He TPD Superman is he? If superman was not involved, if he‟s got nothing to hide. 325 Lex Luthor: The knight is Here PPD Lex corp here 326 Lex Luthor : Now, the Now TD Time when Lex secret is the height. It‟s the speaking 327 building material. It‟s light It TPD The secret metals which sway in the 328 wind. And you know It TPD The secret 329 something about lexcorp You SPD Lois Lane metals, don‟t you, Miss 330 Lane? Miss ASD Miss 331 Lois Lane: I‟ve proven what I FPD Lois Lane you‟ve done 332 You SPD Lex Luthor

333 Lex Luthor:Wow, you‟re You SPD Lois Lane feisty. Unfortunately that will blow away. Like sand in the desert. 334 Lois Lane: You‟re You SPD Lex Luthor psychotic

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335 Lex Luthor: The shortest I FPD Lex Luthor distance between any two

points is a straight path. And I believe the swiftest path to Superman is a pretty little

road.

336 Lois Lane : You came back Superman You SPD

337 Lex Luthor: Boy, do we We FPD Lex Luthor and have problem up here? The Superman

problem of evil in the world. 338 the problem of absolute Here PPD Lex corp virtue. 339 Superman: I‟ll take you in I FPD Superman without breaking you. 340 Which is more than you You SPD Lex Luthor deserve. 341 Lex Luthor: The problem of You SPD Superman you on top of everything 342 You SPD Superman else. You above all. 343 Lex Luthor: Clark Joseph We FPD Lex Luthor and Kent. See what we call god Superman

depends upon our tribe. 344 Clark Jo. Because god is God ASD God tribal. God takes sides. No

man in the sky intervened 345 when I was a boy to deliver Our FPD Lex Luthor and me from daddy‟s fist and Superman

abominations. I‟ve figured it 346 out way back. If god is God God God powerfull, he cannot be all

good. And if he‟s all good 347 then he cannot be all God God God powerful. And neither can

you be. 348 I FPD Lex Luthor

349 God ASD God

350 Superman : What have you You SPD Lex Luthor done?

351 Lex Luthor : and tonight You SPD Superman they will. Yes because you, My FPD 352 my friend have a date. Lex luthor Across the bay ripe fruit, his

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353 hate. Two years growing but You SPD Superman it did not take much to push Your SPD 354 him over actually. You let Superman your family die! And now, 355 You will fly to him, and Time when Lex Now TD you will battle him, to the speaking 356 death. Black and blue fight You SPD Superman night! The greatest gladiator Him TPD 357 match in the history of the Batman world. God vs man. Day vs 358 night. Son of Krypton vs Superman You TD Bat of Gotham. 359 Him TPD Batman

God ASD 360 God

361 Superman: You think I‟ll fight him for you? You SPD Lex Luthor

I FPD 362 Superman

363 Batman Him TPD

364 Lex Luthor: Yes I do, I I FPD Lex Luthor think you‟ll fight for that

special lady in your life. 365 You SPD Superman

Your SPD 366 Superman

367 Superman : She‟s safe on the ground. How about you? She TPD Martha Kent

368 Lex Luthor: I‟m not talking about lois. No every boy‟s I FPD Lex Luthor special lady is his mother.

369 Superman : Where is she? She TPD Martha Kent

370 Lex Luthor: I don‟t know. I wouldn‟t let them tell me. If I FPD Lex Luthor you kill me, Martha dies.

And if you fly away, martha 371 also dies. But if you kill the Me FPD Lex Luthor bat. Martha lives.

372 You SPD Superman

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373 Lex Luthor: Now the Your SPD Superman cameras are waiting at your

ship. For the world to see 374 the holes in the holy. Yes Me FPD Lex Luthor the almighty comes clean

about how dirty he is when it counts. To save martha, bring me the head of the

bat.

375 Lex luthor, would you look You SPD at the time. When you came Superman here, you had an hour. Now 376 it‟s less. Lex corp Here PPD

377 Now TD Time when Lex speaking

378 Superman: Lois, I have to go to Gotham to convince I FPD Superman him to help me.

379 Him TPD Batman

380 Superman : Or she has to die She TPD Martha Kent

381 Lois Lane: I need a chopper to Gotham. I FPD Lois Lane

382 Perry White: Jenny, get her Her TPD Lois Lane a chopper to Gotham. And

383 forget the heliport. Put her the god damn roof Her TPD Lois Lane

384 Batman : Well, hereI am I FPD Batman

385 Here PPD Gotham Rooftop

386 Superman : I was wrong. Superman I FPD You have to listen to me. Lex wants us

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You SPD Batman 387

Me FPD Superman 388

Superman and 389 Us FPD Batman

Superman : You don‟t Batman 390 understand You SPD

Batman : I understand Batman 391 I FPD

Superman: Stay down, If I Superman 392 wanted it, You‟d be dead I FPD already!

Batman 393 You SPD

Batman : Breathe in. That‟s Superman 394 fear. You‟re not brave. You SPD

Fear 395 That DD

Batman: I bet your parents Batman 396 taught you that you mean I FPD something. You‟re here for

a reason. Myparents taught 397 me a different lesson. Your SPD Superman

398 You SPD Superman

399 Here PPD Gotham Rooftop

400 My FPD Batman

401 Parents RSD Parents

402 Me FPD Batman

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403 Batman: They taught me the They TPD Batman parents world only makes sense, if You SPD 404 you force it. Superman

405 Batman: You were never a Superman You SPD god, you are never a man.

406 Superman : You‟re letting You SPD him ...kill martha Batman

Him TPD 407 Lex Luthor

408 Batman : What does that mean? Why did you say that You SPD Superman name?

409 Superman: Find him. Save Him TPD Lex Luthor Martha

410 Superman : Mymother My FPD Superman needs me

411 Mother RSD Mother

412 Me FPD Superman

413 Batman : wait, I‟ll make I FPD Batman you a promise.

414 You SPD Superman

415 Alfred: I‟m sorry for I FPD Alfred listening in. I‟ve tracked the

russian‟s phone to a warehouse near the port.

416 Batman: You got to take it, Alfred You SPD Alfred

417 Alfred: Thermal imaging is showing me two dozen I FPD Alfred hostiles on the third floor.

Why don‟t I drop you off on 418 the second? You SPD Batman

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419 Anatolli: Drop I said, drop I FPD Anatolli Knyazev it. I‟ll kill her. Believe me.

I‟ll do it. 420 Her TPD Martha Kent.

Me FPD 421 Anatolli Knyazev

422 Batman : I believe you Batman I FPD

423 You SPD Anatolli Knyazev

You SPD 424 Superman: You lost! Lex Luthor

425 Lex Luthor: I cannot let you I FPD win. I gave the bat a Lex Luthor fighting chance to do it. But 426 he wasn‟t strong enough. Superman You SPD

427 He TPD Batman

428 Lex Luthor: The blood of my blood. Born to destroy My FPD Lex Luthor you.Your doomsday.

429 You SPD Superman

430 Your SPD Superman

431 Batman: I‟d rather do the I FPD Batman breaking in person.

432 Batman: Alfred, It‟s It TPD Kryptonian kryptonians.only kryptonite

weapons can kill it

433 Batman: if I can penetrate Batman I FPD the skin.

434 Superman: Did you find the Batman You SPD spear?

435 Batman : I‟ve been a little I FPD busy. Batman

436 Superman: This thing is My FPD from another world. My Superman world

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437 Superman: Is she with you She TPD Martha Kent

You SPD 438 Batman

439 Batman: I thought she was Batman I FPD with you 440 She TPD Martha Kent

You SPD 441 Superman

Clark Kent You SPD 442 Lois: Clark, are you alright?

443 Superman: This is my world Superman My FPD

444 Superman: You‟re my Lois Lane You SPD world

445 Superman My FPD

446 Diana Prince: They don‟t They TPD Societies know how to honor him

except a soldier 447 Him TPD Superman

448 Bruce Wayne: I‟ve failed I FPD Bruce Wayne him, in life. I won‟t fail him

in death. Help me find the 449 others like you Him TPD Superman

450 I FPD Bruce Wayne

451 Him TPD Superman

452 Me FPD Bruce Wayne

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