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Sunrise Wind New York Cable Project REDACTED VERSION Sunrise Wind New York Cable Project Appendix 4-D Phase 1A Archaeological Survey Prepared for: December 9, 2020 This page intentionally left blank. Sunrise Wind LLC Appendix 4-D: Phase 1A Archaeological Survey Sunrise Wind New York Cable Project Article VII Application REDACTED VERSION Sunrise Wind Farm Project Phase IA Archaeological Survey Sunrise Wind Onshore Facilities December 2020 Phase IA Archaeological Survey – Sunrise Wind Onshore Facilities (Contains Trade Secrets and/or Privileged or Confidential Information under Exception 4 to the federal Freedom of Information Act) Prepared by: Environmental Design & Research, Landscape Architecture, Engineering & Environmental Services, D.P.C. Submitted to: Bureau of Ocean Energy Management New York State Department of Public Service Phase IA Archaeological Survey – Sunrise Wind Onshore Facilities (Contains Trade Secrets and/or Privileged or Confidential Information under Exception 4 to the federal Freedom of Information Act) MANAGEMENT SUMMARY NYSHPO Project Review Number: 19PR00055 Involved State and Federal Agencies: Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM); National Park Service (NPS); U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS); New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA); New York State Department of Public Service (NYSDPS); New York State Historic Preservation Office (NYSHPO) Phase of Survey: Phase IA Location Information: Town of Brookhaven, Suffolk County, New York Survey Area: Project Description: The construction and installation of onshore electrical and ancillary components to connect an offshore wind farm to New York State’s high-voltage electrical transmission network. Project Area: Preliminary Area of Potential Effect measures approximately 341.7 acres (138.3 hectares) USGS 7.5-Minute Quadrangle Map: Bellport, NY; Moriches, NY; Patchogue, NY; Pattersquash Island, NY Archaeological Resources Overview: Two Native American sites overlap with portions of the Preliminary Area of Potential Effect. An additional 10 sites have been previously recorded within 0.25 miles (0.4 kilometers) of the Preliminary Area of Potential Effect, consisting of four Native American sites, four historic-period sites, and two multiple component Native American and historic-period sites Report Authors: Matthew Victor Weiss, RPA; Nicole Fragnito Date of Report: August 2020 December 2020, includes minor revisions to Section 1.2 (Introduction) for updated Project description Page | iii Phase IA Archaeological Survey – Sunrise Wind Onshore Facilities (Contains Trade Secrets and/or Privileged or Confidential Information under Exception 4 to the federal Freedom of Information Act) TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Purpose of the Investigation ........................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Onshore Facilities Location and Description ............................................................................................................. 1 1.3 Report Organization .......................................................................................................................................................... 4 2.0 BACKGROUND RESEARCH.................................................................................................................... 5 2.1 Environmental Setting and Soils ................................................................................................................................... 5 2.2 Previous Archaeological Resource Investigations .................................................................................................. 7 2.3 Previously Identified Archaeological Resources ...................................................................................................... 9 2.4 Pre-European Contact Native American Historic Context .................................................................................. 11 2.5 Post-European Contact Historic Context .................................................................................................................. 14 2.5.1 History of Roadways .............................................................................................................................................. 19 2.5.2 Wertheim National Wildlife Refuge ................................................................................................................... 23 2.5.3 Fire Island National Seashore ............................................................................................................................ 25 2.6 Existing Conditions .......................................................................................................................................................... 26 3.0 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SENSITIVITY ASSESSMENT .............................................................................. 28 3.1 Native American Archaeological Sensitivity Assessment ................................................................................... 28 3.2 Euro-American Archaeological Sensitivity Assessment ...................................................................................... 29 3.3 Prior Ground Disturbance .............................................................................................................................................. 31 3.3.1 Onshore Transmission Cable – LIE Service Road ...................................................................................... 32 3.3.2 Onshore Transmission Cable – Peconic Avenue ........................................................................................ 32 3.3.3 Onshore Transmission Cable Variations ........................................................................................................ 33 3.3.4 Union Avenue Site .................................................................................................................................................. 33 3.3.5 Onshore Interconnection Cable ......................................................................................................................... 34 3.3.6 Landfall and ICW Work Areas ............................................................................................................................ 34 4.0 Archaeological Resources Survey Research Design .............................................................................. 35 4.1 Phase IB Archaeological Survey Recommendations ........................................................................................... 35 4.2 Phase IB Archaeological Survey Methodology ...................................................................................................... 36 5.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS .......................................................................................................... 38 5.1 Summary of Phase IA Archaeological Survey ........................................................................................................ 38 5.1 Summary of Phase IB Archaeological Survey Research Design ..................................................................... 38 6.0 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................................ 40 Page | iv Phase IA Archaeological Survey – Sunrise Wind Onshore Facilities (Contains Trade Secrets and/or Privileged or Confidential Information under Exception 4 to the federal Freedom of Information Act) LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1-1. Major Mapped Soil Units within the PAPE (ESRI and NRCS 2020; NRCS 2020; SCS 1975)............ 6 Table 2.2-1. Previous Archaeological Resource Investigations within 0.25 mi (0.4 km) of the PAPE. ..................... 8 Table 2.3-1. Previously Identified Archaeological Resources within 0.25 mi (0.4 km) of the PAPE. ....................... 10 Table 2.4-1. Native American Cultural Periods for Long Island. .......................................................................................... 11 Table 4.1-1. Potential Phase IB Fieldwork Efforts by Onshore Facility. ............................................................................ 35 LIST OF INSETS Inset 2.5-1. 1804 DeWitt A Map of the State of New York (left). .......................................................................................... 17 Inset 2.5-2. 1873 Beers Atlas of Long Island, New York (right). .......................................................................................... 17 Inset 2.5-3. 1804 Bradley et al. Map of the United States, Exhibiting the Post Roads, the Situations, Connections & Distances of the Post-Offices, Stage Roads, Counties & Principal Rivers. ........................................................ 20 Inset 2.5-4. 1839 Burr Map of New York Exhibiting the Post Offices, Post Roads, Canals, Rail Roads, &c. ....... 21 Inset 2.5-5. 1908 photograph depicting construction of the Long Island Motor Parkway through the Hempstead Plains in Nassau County (Kroplick and Kroplick 2012a). .............................................................................................. 22 Inset 2.5-6. 1956 photograph depicting construction of the Long Island Expressway through Lake Success, NY in Nassau County (Kroplick and Kroplick 2012b). ..........................................................................................................
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