Consumer Product Safety Commission § 1633.9

U.S. Consumer Product Safety Com- labeling alone are unlikely to ade- mission, 4330 East West Highway, Be- quately reduce the risk. Requiring a thesda, Maryland 20814. Staff will re- criterion of 25 MJ total heat release view the data and determine whether during the first 10 minutes of the test the alternate apparatus may be used. instead of 15 MJ would likely reduce [71 FR 13498, Mar. 15, 2006, as amended at 73 the estimated benefits (deaths and in- FR 6842, Feb. 6, 2008] juries reduced) without having much effect on costs. Both options of increas- § 1633.8 Findings. ing the duration of the test from 30 (a) General. In order to issue a flam- minutes to 60 minutes and decreasing mability standard under the FFA, the the peak rate of heat release from 200 FFA requires the Commission to make kW to 150 kW would likely increase certain findings and to include these in costs significantly without substantial the regulation, 15 U.S.C. 1193(j)(2). increase in benefits. Requiring produc- These findings are discussed in this tion testing would also likely increase section. costs. Therefore, the Commission finds (b) Voluntary standards. No findings that an open flame standard for mat- concerning compliance with and ade- tresses with the testing requirements quacy of a voluntary standard are nec- and criteria that are specified in the essary because no relevant voluntary Commission rule is the least burden- standard addressing the risk of injury some requirement that would prevent that is addressed by this regulation has or adequately reduce the risk of injury been adopted and implemented. for which the regulation is being pro- (c) Relationship of benefits to costs. The mulgated. Commission estimates the potential total lifetime benefits of a § 1633.9 Glossary of terms. that complies with this standard to (a) Absorbent pad. Pad used on top of range from $45 to $57 per mattress set mattress. Designed to absorb moisture/ (based on a 10 year mattress life and a body fluids thereby reducing skin irri- 3% discount rate). The Commission es- tation, can be one time use. timates total resource costs of the (b) Basket pad. for use in an standard to range from $8 to $22 per infant basket. mattress. This yields net benefits of $23 (c) Bunk beds. A tier of beds, usually to $50 per mattress set. The Commis- two or three, in a high frame complete sion estimates that aggregate lifetime with (see Figure 11 of this benefits associated with all mattresses part). produced the first year the standard (d) Car . Portable bed used to becomes effective range from $1,024 to carry a baby in an automobile. $1,307 million, and that aggregate re- source costs associated with these mat- (e) Carriage pad. Cushion to go into a tresses range from $175 to $511 million, baby carriage. yielding net benefits of about $514 to (f) Chaise lounge. An upholstered $1,132 million. Accordingly, the Com- couch chair or a couch with a chair mission finds that the benefits from back. It has a permanent back rest, no the regulation bear a reasonable rela- arms, and sleeps one (see Figure 11). tionship to its costs. (g) Convertible sofa. An upholstered (d) Least burdensome requirement. The sofa that converts into an adult sized Commission considered the following bed. Mattress unfolds out and up from alternatives: alternative maximum under the seat cushioning (see Figure peak heat release rate and test dura- 11). tion, alternative total heat released in (h) Corner groups. Two twin size bed- the first 10 minutes of the test, manda- ding sets on frames, usually tory production testing, a longer effec- slipcovered, and abutted to a corner tive date, taking no action, relying on table. They also usually have loose bol- a voluntary standard, and requiring la- sters slipcovered (see Figure 11). beling alone (without any performance (i) Crib bumper. Padded cushion which requirements). The alternatives of tak- goes around three or four sides inside a ing no action, relying on a voluntary crib to protect the baby. Can also be standard (if one existed), and requiring used in a playpen.

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(j) . Daybed has foundation, wall as backrests or may have attached usually supported by coil or flat headrests (see Figure 11). springs, mounted between arms on (x) Stroller pad. Cushion used in a which mattress is placed. It has perma- baby stroller. nent arms, no backrest, and sleeps one (y) . These are pieces in (see Figure 11). which the back of the sofa swings down (k) Dressing table pad. Pad to cushion flat with the seat to form the sleeping a baby on top of a dressing table. surface. Some sofa beds have (l) Drop-arm loveseat. When side arms boxes for storage of bedding. There are are in vertical position, this piece is a two types: the one-piece, where the loveseat. The adjustable arms can be back and seat are upholstered as a lowered to one of four positions for a chaise lounge effect or a single sleeper. unit, supplying an unbroken sleeping The vertical back support always re- surface; and the two-piece, where back mains upright and stationary (see Fig- and seat are upholstered separately ure 11). (see Figure 11 of this part). (m) . A flexible mattress gen- (z) Sofa lounge—(includes glideouts). erally used on the floor that can be Upholstered seating section is mounted folded or rolled up for storage. It usu- on springs and in a frame that permit ally consists of resilient material cov- it to be pulled out for sleeping. Has up- ered by ticking. holstered backrest bedding box that is (n) High riser. This is a frame of sofa hinged. Glideouts are single sleepers seating height with two equal size mat- with sloping seats and backrests. Seat tresses without a backrest. The frame pulls out from beneath back and evens slides out with the lower mattress and up to supply level sleeping surface (see rises to form a double or two single Figure 11). beds (see Figure 11). (aa) Studio couch. Consists of uphol- (o) Infant carrier and lounge pad. Pad stered seating section on upholstered to cushion a baby in an infant carrier. foundation. Many types convert to (p) Mattress foundation. This is a tick- twin beds (see Figure 11). ing covered structure used to support a (bb) Studio divan. Twin size uphol- mattress or sleep surface. The struc- stered seating section with foundation ture may include constructed frames, foam, box springs or other materials is mounted on metal . Has no used alone or in combination. arms or backrest, and sleeps one (see (q) Murphy bed. A style of sleep sys- Figure 11 of this part). tem where the mattress and foundation (cc) . A low bed which is are fastened to the wall and provide a rolled under a larger bed. In some lines, means to retract or rotate the bed as- the lower bed springs up to form a dou- sembly into the wall to release more ble or two single beds as in a high riser floor area for other uses. (see Figure 11). (r) . Cloth bag filled with resil- (dd) Tufted means buttoned or laced ient material such as feathers, down, through the ticking and upholstery sponge rubber, urethane, or fiber used material and/or core, or having the as the support for the head of a person. ticking and loft material and/or core (s) Playpen pad. Cushion used on the drawn together at intervals by any bottom of a playpen. other method which produces a series (t) Portable crib. Smaller size than a of depressions on the surface. conventional crib. Can usually be con- (ee) Twin studio divan. Frames which verted into a playpen. glide out (but not up) and use seat (u) Quilted means stitched with , in addition to upholstered thread or by fusion through the ticking foundation to sleep two. Has neither and one or more layers of material. (v) Roll-away-bed. Portable bed which arms nor back rest (see Figure 11). has frame that folds with the mattress (ff) Flip or sleeper chair. Chair that for compact storage. unfolds to be used for sleeping, typi- (w) Sleep lounge. Upholstered seating cally has several connecting fabric cov- section which is mounted on a frame. ered, solid foam core segments. May have along the

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