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number of passes made among the team- mates in white T-shirts. Most of the audi- Crimson on the Hill ence logged the correct number. Had they noticed anything else, Banaji asked? Ven- Harvard’s Capitol Hill alumni (defined (Mass.); Herbert H. Kohl, M.B.A. ’58 tured one woman among the several hun- for this exercise as graduates of or ma- (Wisc.); Carl Levin, LL.B. ’59 (Mich.); dred attendees, there was that woman car- triculants in a degree program) will drop *, J.D. ’91 (Ill.); John F. rying an umbrella who threaded a course from 42 members in the 108th Congress (Jack) Reed, M.P.P. ’73, J.D. ’82 (R.I.); among the basketball squads—in full to 41 members in the 109th, based on the John D. Rockefeller IV ’58 (W.V.); Paul S. view, as shown when the film rolled 2004 election results. That total includes Sarbanes, J.D. ’60 (Md.); Charles E. again, but seen by no one else as they fo- 29 Democrats (up two), 11 Republicans Schumer ’71, J.D. ’74 (N.Y.). cused on counting the passes. (down three), and one Independent (un- It was a startling demonstration of changed). SENATE INDEPENDENT: James M. Jef- what Banaji termed “inattentional blind- Three alumni did not run for reelec- fords, LL.B. ’62 (Vt.). ness,” and introduced her broader sub- tion: Republican congressmen Douglas ject: “How often, generally, is our atten- K. Bereuter, M.C.P. ’66, M.P.A. ’73, of Ne- HOUSE REPUBLICANS: C. Christopher tion guided by thoughts and theories of braska and Amory Houghton Jr. ’50, Cox, M.B.A. ’75, J.D. ’77 (Calif.); Katherine how the world ought to work?” Drawing M.B.A. ’52, of New York, and Democratic Harris, M.P.A. ’97 (Fla.); Nancy L. John- on her study of “implicit associations,” senator , LL.B. ’62, of son ’57 (Conn.); Thomas E. Petri ’62, LL.B. she explained attitudes that operate be- Florida, who sought the presidency. Re- ’65 (Wisc.); Robert R. Simmons, G ’73, neath conscious awareness—the shaping publican Patrick J. Toomey ’84 of Penn- M.P.A. ’79 (Conn.). of mental categories toward young and sylvania, first elected to the House in old, black and white, male and female, gay 1998, who had promised to serve only HOUSE DEMOCRATS: Thomas H. and straight; their e≠ects on behavior; three terms, mounted a primary chal- Allen, J.D. ’74 (Maine); *John Barrow, and their resistance to change. lenge against fellow Republican Arlen J.D. ’79 (Ga.); James H. Cooper, J.D. ’80 In a later exchange, Banaji applied that Specter, the state’s senior senator, but (Tenn.); Artur Davis ’90, J.D. ’93 (Ala.); knowledge explicitly to the challenge of lost in a close vote. Chet Edwards, M.B.A. ’81 (Tex.); Barney professorial appointments: “Women are Toomey’s House colleague David Vit- Frank ’61, G ’62-’68, J.D. ’77 (Mass.); Jane not yet a ‘natural’ part of our thinking ter ’83, Republican of Louisiana, did win a Harman, J.D. ’69 (Calif.); *Brian Higgins, about scholarship, science, and the life of seat in the Senate, and will be joined by M.P.A. ’96 (N.Y.); William J. Je≠erson, the mind, and especially so in the context Barack Obama, J.D. ’91, Democrat of Illi- J.D. ’72 (La.); ’85 (Wisc.); of an ancient institution like Harvard,” nois. In the House, Democrats will wel- James R. Langevin, M.P.A. ’94 (R.I.); she said. “For Harvard to have the best come newcomer John Barrow, J.D. ’79, of Sander M. Levin, LL.B. ’57 (Mich.); Ste- faculty it can, it needs to take explicit ac- Georgia and Brian Higgins, M.P.A. ’96, of phen F. Lynch, M.P.A. ’99 (Mass.); James tion to overcome well-documented im- New York. The lineup follows (asterisks D. Matheson ’82 (Utah); Adam B. Schi≠, plicit biases that lie in every mind.” mark newcomers). J.D. ’85 (Calif.); Robert C. Scott ’69 (Va.); Professor of sociology Michèle Lam- Bradley J. Sherman, J.D. ’79 (Calif.); ont, who has explored gender discrimi- SENATE REPUBLICANS: Michael D. Christopher Van Hollen Jr., M.P.P. ’85 nation, said that as academicians scan Crapo, J.D. ’77 (Id.); Elizabeth Dole, M.A. (Md.); David Wu, M ’81 (Ore.). other institutions for “stars” to recruit, ’60, J.D. ’65 (N.C.); William H. Frist, “It’s much easier to hire people who also M.D. ’78 (Tenn.); Ted Stevens, LL.B. ’50 The roster above omits legislators who have a∞nities. So it’s much harder to hire (Alaska); John E. Sununu, M.B.A. ’91 have taught at the University or partici- women, especially if they have slowed (N.H.); * ’83 (La.). pated in Harvard programs, but have not down a bit to have children” (or are per- enrolled for a degree—such as newly ceived as wanting a family). The poten- SENATE DEMOCRATS: Je≠ Bingaman elected Republican congressman Michael tial penalty in scholarly performance, she ’65 (N.M.); Russ Feingold, J.D. ’79 McCaul of Texas, a senior executive fel- says, is “not a factor that can be evaluated (Wisc.); Edward M. Kennedy ’54 low at the Kennedy School for 2002. on a star’s c.v.” She even cites studies on “discrimination-avoidance strategies” regarding childbearing, and correlations those challenges at Harvard. His depart- hard and can easily be derailed at many of childlessness and tenure versus ment, in a field usually seen as di∞cult for points as the “smallest disadvantages women with families serving in un- women, has an exemplary record in ap- along the way get exponentially magni- tenured positions. Lamont has advanced pointing women, in part due to his e≠orts fied.” a long list of measures to level the field from his junior-faculty days through his Georgi applauded Harvard’s recent em- for women academics. service as chair. Citing Virginia Valian’s phasis on hiring faculty members earlier Mallinckrodt professor of physics 1998 book, Why So Slow? The Advancement of in their careers, but cautioned, “That has Howard Georgi can speak to some of Women, he said that making progress is to be done with care if you have a group

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