Free Copy In This Edition: Page Page Dangerous Animals– Part 3 2 The Violin 18 The Geelong Club 3 Lifeline 20 Alcoa Point Henry Smelter 4 The Tasmanian Tiger 22 World Population Day 6 Slim Dusty 24 The Place to Be 7 Brothers Grimm 26 Fantasy AFL 8 The Portable Lighter 28 Hubert Opperman 10 Prime Ministers Word Search 29 The Birman Cat 12 Poseidon 30 International Harvester 13 150 Years Ago 31 Puffing Billy 14 Then… & Now 32 The Lady Nelson 16 PART THREE THE MOSQUITO The mosquito is the most dangerous creature in the world! It is responsible for killing two to three million people every year. Not only do these pest carry malaria, they can also spread West Nile virus, yellow fever, elephantiasis, and dengue fever. Although mosquitoes are at their most dangerous in Africa, North America, and Asia, you can find them all over the world. After the female mosquito comes into contact with an infectious disease, it lands on a person and injects its saliva into the skin, spreading the disease. The best way to avoid mosquitoes is to use a combative spray or lotion on your skin. At night, mosquito nets and light-coloured clothing will also help protect you against this most lethal animal. THE SCORPION The third deadliest animal in the world is the scorpion (snakes come in second). Out of all the different types of scorpions, 25 varieties are considered dangerous. The scorpion is responsible for between 800 and 2000 annual fatalities throughout the world. Scorpions can be found most often in Africa, Central Asia, and America. These critters have a stinger at the end of their tails which contains deadly venom. Normally this venom will paralyse a scorpion‟s prey, supplying it with food. However, an unsuspecting human may also become a victim as the scorpion endeavours to flee from danger. Scorpions are most active at night, so if you are out camping in an area known for scorpions you should shake out your shoes, clothing and bedding before using them. 2 74 Brougham Street, Geelong The history of the Geelong Club dates back 130 years when Geelong was still a thriving wool port. In 1881, 76 of Geelong’s most elite businessmen de- cided to form the club as a retreat from the stress of the busy work routine. Since then, the Geelong Club has been providing members with a place to meet, relax, enjoy fine dining and be assured of great company and friendly surroundings. The Geelong Club is an exclusive gentlemen’s club located on the Corio Bay waterfront. It boasts 3 large private function rooms with the largest being able to hold up to 160 patrons—ideal for weddings. A large walled garden area provides an ideal setting for outdoor functions, wedding photos, or just a nice place for drinks before a meal. Catering is offered, but other catering services are allowed for special occasions. As stated, it is an exclusive gentleman’s club so therefore it isn't suitable for everyone. There are three ways to become a member. First, and perhaps the easiest way is by recommendation from a current member. The second is by recommendation from a previous gentlemen’s club for which you have a membership. Thirdly, if you are new to the region or just looking to join your first gentlemen’s club you can request an interview with a panel of current members who, at the completion of the interview will take your request to the rest of the members. The Geelong Club building was constructed For more information visit the website: in 1889 in the Queen Anne style. It’s http://www.thegeelongclub.com.au location places it beside the car-park entrance to the Westfield Shopping Centre. 3 The Point Henry Smelter is located in the Geelong suburb of Moolap. The plant was constructed in 1960 by the Cavalier Construction Company. Actual production commenced in 1962, but the smelter was not running to its full potential until April 4, 1963. The chief source of aluminium is bauxite ore. (See box– Aluminium) Before being shipped to the Point Henry Smelter, alumina (aluminium- Aluminium oxide) is extracted from bauxite at Aluminium is the most abundant an alumina refinery in Western metal in the Earth's crust, and the Australia. Aluminium smelting is the third most abundant element, after process of extracting aluminium from oxygen and silicon. It makes up the alumina, generally by the Hall- about 8% by weight of the Earth's Héroult process*. solid surface. Aluminium is too A smelter is made up of a large reactive chemically to occur in number of pots and steel containers nature as a free metal. Instead, it lined with carbon. This is where the is found combined in over electrolysis takes place. Smelting is 270 different minerals. The chief run as a batch process, where the source of aluminium is bauxite ore. aluminium metal is deposited at the bottom of the pots and then periodically drained off. Power must be constantly available. Even a short breakdown in power supply could lead to the metal solidifying in the pots, requiring expensive repairs. *The Hall–Héroult process is the major industrial process for the production of aluminium. It involves dissolving alumina in molten cryolite, and electrolysing the molten salt bath to obtain pure aluminium metal. 4 Aluminium production requires massive amounts of electricity. The initial electricity supply to the smelter was a 220kv transmission line from the Geelong Terminal Power Station direct to the smelter. When production started, the maximum power demand was 39.76mw. By October 1964 it was up to 76.6mw, which was more than the entire Geelong region’s demand for electricity. By 1969 it had increased to 140mw. Finally on March 20, 1969 Alcoa signed up with the Anglesea Power Station which bought the capacity up to 150mw. The smelter is connected to the Anglesea Power Station via 30km of high voltage transmission line. However, the worldwide demand for aluminium was on the increase! The current power demand of the Point Henry Smelter is 360mw, of which approximately 40 per cent is supplied at Anglesea. The Point Henry Smelter along with the Alcoa Smelter at Portland use 18—25 per cent of Victoria’s entire electricity production. Today there are around 1000 people employed by the Point Henry Smelter, and the plant produces around 185,000 tonnes of aluminium per year. The Loy Yang B Power Station (in the Latrobe Valley) has signed a contract with the Alcoa smelters operators to supply both the Point Henry and the Portland Smelters until 2036. Information for this article was gathered through Wikipedia and the Alcoa website. Aerial view of the Point Henry Smelter 5 WORLD POPULATION DAY July 11 About 40 years ago world leaders declared July 11 as World Population Day, upholding the basic human right of individuals to freely and responsibly decide the number and timing of their children. Instituted in 1989 as an offshoot of the Day of Five Billion dated July 11, 1987, the United Nations earmarked World Population Day to increase world awareness of population issues. Importance of family planning, gender equality, poverty, maternal health, sexual and reproductive health and human rights are some population-related issues that have a serious impact on the world’s development and environment. Some interesting facts about Geelong’s population Geelong was first surveyed by Assistant Surveyor, W. H. Smythe three weeks after Melbourne, and was gazetted as a town on October 10, 1838. There was already a church, hotel, store and wool store, 82 houses, and the town population was 545. Gold was discovered in nearby Ballarat in 1851, causing the Geelong population to grow to 23,000 people by the mid 1850s. Geelong was proclaimed a city in 1910, with industrial growth from this time until the 1960s establishing the city as a manufacturing centre for the state, and saw the population grow to over 100,000 by the mid 1960s. Population increases over the last decade were due to growth in service industries, as the manufacturing sector has declined. Redevelopment of the inner city has occurred since the 1990s, as well as gentrification of inner suburbs. Geelong now has an urban population of about 170,000 people (with about 220,000 people living in the City of Greater Geelong)* and a population growth rate higher than the national average, Geelong is the second largest city in Victoria, and is the largest regional centre in the state. It is the 12th largest city in Australia. *The census taken next month will confirm accurate figures. 6 THE PLACE TO BE I must admit i live on the best land with its crystal blue waters and pure white sand i know im a true blue aussie because i know i hate the pest named the mozzie. we also have the worlds most prime beef but if that don't tickle your fancy you always can take a trip to the breath-taking Great Barrier Reef. so if your thinking about coming to visit this great land in one big flock i must say you should visit our centre and see our big rock so don't waste any time, get out of bed and come visit the birth place of the famous person named ned. it don't matter if your from the city or the country. i wont push but im telling you theres nothing quite like camping out in our bush coz it dont matter where you came from or where you went theres nothing better then pitching a tent and saying “dear could you fetch me another cold beer” it don't matter if you come rain, shine or thunder i swear to you the no place like down under..