植物研究雑誌 J. J. Jpn. Bot. 76:288-296(2001) 76:288-296(2001)

Notes Notes on the Parmeliella in Japan

Per M. J0RGENSEN a and Hiroyuki KASHIW ADANI b

aDepa 口ment of Botany ，University of Bergen ， A l1 egaten 41 ，N-5007 Bergen ，NORWA Y; bDepartment bDepartment of Botany ，National Science Museum ， Amakubo 4- 1-1 ，Tsukuba ，305 --0 005 JAPAN (Received (Received on April 2， 2001)

The genus Parmeliella is shown to be represented by eight species in the Japanese lichen lichen flora ， none of which 訂 e common except for P. mη1αr バia ωnα(Fries) P

D .J .Galloway and P. sη lophor α(Vain.)， P.M .J φrg. The following species are newly rec- ognized: ognized: P. adpressa P.M .J φrg. sp. nov. ， P. alnophila P.M .J φrg. ‘ sp. nov ， P. asahinae (Ras.) (Ras.) P.M .J φrg. ，sta t. nov. ， P. serpentinicola P.M.Jφrg. & Kashiw. ， sp. nov. and P. verruculosa verruculosa P .M .J φrg. ， nom. et comb. nov. P. miradorensis Vain. is recorded as new to Japan. Japan. A key to the Japanese species is given ， and the correct placement of species which previously previously was referred to the genus ，reported.

Key words: Japan ， ，Parmeliella

The genus Parmeliella Mu l1 .Arg. was es- with Parmeliella stenophylla (Tuc k.) Fink， tablished tablished mainly for pannariaceous lichens which belongs to that genus. without without a thalline apothecial m 訂 gin ，a poor The J apanese pannariaceous parmelielloid taxonomic criterium ，and accordingly a se- genera may be separated in the following ries ries of unrelated species have been incorpo- way: rated rated in it (Jφrgensen 1998) ，and so did also J apanese botanists ， for example Kurokawa 1. Thallus gelatinous ， corticate all around ，

(1 958) who made a survey of the genus in fruticolous ，blackish. …...・ H ・.Santessoniella J apan. The following species treated by him - Thallus not gelatinous ， lower surface are are now considered to belong to other genera ecorticate ， bluish to brownish ，squamulose as as shown in the parentheses; grisea ...2 (Hue) (Hue) Kuro k. (= Santessoniella grisea (Hue) 2. Thallus mostly bluish; apothecia always Henssen ， see Henssen 1997) ， Parmeliella without thalline margin ，hymenium 1 +

microphylla microphylla (Sw.) Mul l. Arg. (= Fuscopan- blue ....・ H ・....・ H ・.....・ H ・.....・ H ・...・ H ・.P arme lie II α naria naria leucophae α(Vahl) P.M .J砂 rg. ， see - Thallus mostly brownish; apothecia with Jorgensen Jorgensen 1978 ，1994) ，Parmeliell α incisa thalline margin ， at least initially ， Mull. Ar g. (= Fuscopannari α incisa (Mull. hymenium 1 + blue-green ，tuming red-

Arg.) Arg.) P.M .J φrg. ， see Jφrgensen 2000c) and brown ...・ H ・H ・H ・.....・ H ・.....・ H ・..Fuscopannari α Parmeliella Parmeliella subincisa Zahlbr. (= Fuscopan- naria naria subincisa (Zahlbr.) P.M.Jorg. ， see In addition ， the species of the Jorgensen Jorgensen 2000c). The status of Parmeli- taxa remaining in P arme lie II αis in need of ella ella adglutinata Asahina is uncertain as the revision ，and an attempt to this is presented type type has not been traced ， but it is likely to be below. The methods 訂 e the same as in Jorg- a Placynthium as it previously was confused ensen (1978) and the material originates

-288- October October 2001 Journal of Japanese Botany Vo l. 76 No. 5 289 from from the cited herb 紅 ia. cending finger-like lobes; apothecia with

narrow narrow m 紅 gin …H ・H ・-… H ・H ・.....P. αlnophila The Species As we have only seen five species of 1. Parmeliella adpressa P .M.Jφrg. ， sp. Parmeliella Parmeliella s. st r. from Japan. The genus ap- nov. [Fig. 1] pe 訂 s to be remarkably rare ， and possibly Parmeliellae m α rianae similis ， sed thallo poorly poorly collected or overlooked in this coun- tenui ，adpresso ，variegato ，m 訂 gine albido ， try. try. In addition Y oshimura (1974) include prothallo nigro ，crustaceo ，sporis magnis. two taxa of the Pα nnaria mariana (Fr.) TYPE: Japan ， Prov. Shinano ， M t. Kinpu ， Mull.Arg. Mull.Arg. complex ， occurring in southem al t. 2100-2450 m ， Y. Jinze 吋i 176 (TNS ， Japan ， which have been transferred to holotype). Parmeliella Parmeliella recently (Jφrgensen 2000b) ，on Thallus crustose ，variegated ，irregularly their their hymenial characters. These species 紅 e spreading ，consisting of circular ， thin (c 50 included included in the key ， but not described in the μm) squamules appressed onto a blackish text ， as they 訂 e recently treated by Jorgen- crustose prothallus. Squamules brownish sen sen (2000b). centrally with grey lobes which are distinctly white-margined ， contrasting the black 1. 1. Thallus forming brownish ，expanding ，flat prothallus. All reactions negative ，no lichen

rosettes rosettes on prominent prothallus. …....・ H ・..2 substances found. Apothecia common ，2 mm - Thallus of irregular ， often bluish ， diam. ， convex with distinct ， squamulose squamules~ prothallus not prominen t...・ ...5 thalline m 征 gin. Hymenium 1 + blue; asci 2. 2. Thallus thin ， appressed on a crustose with amyloid apical ring-structure ，8-spored.

prothallus …...・ H ・.....・ H ・H ・H ・.....・ H ・H ・H ・.....・ H ・.3 Ascospores simple ，colorless ，ellipsoid ，18- - Thallus thicker ， on a dense mat of 25 x 9-10μm ， often broader in one end.

rhizohyphae …...・ H ・...・ H ・H ・.....・ H ・H ・H ・...... ・ H ・.4 Note: A species of the Pαrmeliell α 3. 3. Thallus red-brown with marginal ， mariana group with thalline margins around

ve 町 ucose isidia ，areolate centra l1 y. …...・ H ・- the apothecia ， but unlike Pannaria with … P. verruculosa amyloid hymenium and asci with amyloid - Thallus variegated brown ， without isidia... apical ring-structure. It is much more

...・ H ・..…… P. adpressa crustose than any taxon of this group ，which 4. 4. Thallus isidiate; apothecia with isidiate we have hitherto seen with a characteristic

margin. …....・ H ・-… H ・H ・-…...・ H ・..P. sη lophora variegated habitus because of the white- - Thallus non-isidiate; apothecia with margined brownish grey squamules resting

squamulose squamulose m 紅 gin ....・ H ・H ・H ・....P. mariana on a black prothallus. The thallus is thinner 5. 5. Thallus thick and stiff ， lobes broad (to 2 than in any other species of this group ，

mm) ， brownish ....・ H ・....・ H ・-…....・ H ・...... ・ H ・.6 which is normally subtropica l. Also its - Thallus thinner with n訂 rower lobes ， spores are unusually large. This is the only

bluish bluish ...・ H ・.....・ H ・...・ H ・H ・H ・.....・ H ・.....・ H ・...・ H ・-・ 7 species of the group found in the cool- 6. 6. Thallus corticolous ， pale brown with dark temperate zone.

apothecia apothecia ...・ H ・.....・ H ・..…...・ H ・..… P. αsahinae Habitat and distribution: Corticolous spe- - Thallus terricolous ，ferruginous with pale cies of moniane forests in the cool-temperate

apothecia apothecia ...・ H ・.....・ H ・H ・H ・.. .P. serpentinicola zone of Japan. As yet only known from the 7. 7. Thallus repeatedly squamulose ，日 at with Japanese type collection. broad- margined apothecia. …・ … P. miradorensis - Thallus of squamules with convex ，as- 290 植物研究雑誌第76 巻第5号 平成13 年 10 月

Fig. Fig. 1. Parmeliella adpressa ，holotype.

Fig. Fig. 2. Parmeliella alnophila ，holotypt October October 2001 Journal of Japanese Botany Vo l. 76 No. 5 291

2. 2. Parmeliella alnophila P.M .J日 rg. ，sp. nov. though my colleague T. Tonsberg who col- [Fig.2] [Fig.2] lected on that tree in Hokkaido ， did not find P arme lie llae tl かtophyllae similis sed thallo thallo non-isidiato et apotheciis magnis ， sine hypotheciis hypotheciis coloratis. 3. Parm 悶叫eliella asahinae (R 詰弘 吋.) s. P TYPE: Japan ，Honshu ， Prov. Rikuchu ， M t. sta t. nov. Iwate-san ，Iwate-gun ， al t. 1250 m ， 9. Aug. Parmeliella nigrocinerea (Ny l.) Vain. var. 1971 ， H. Kashiwadani 8879 (TNS ，holotype). asahinae Ras. ， in 1. Jap. Bo t. 16: 146 (1 940). Thallus Thallus grey-bluish( -brown) ， forming ir- [Fig.3] regular regular patches with poorly developed TYPE: Japan ， Prov. Suruga ， M t. Ashidaka ， prothallus ，squamulose ，individual squamu- 16 Oc t. 1922 ， Y. Asahina (H ，holotype!). les les up to 2 mm broad and 150μm thick ， with Thallus gray-bu 百 (to -blue) ， squamulose finger-like finger-like which when ascending may re- to subfoliose ，irregularly laciniate to 3 cm semble semble isidia. All negative; reactions no li- diam. Lobes smooth ，stiff and thick ， to 250 chen chen substances found. Apothecia rather μm ， with paler ascending margins and pro- common ，i町 egular ，often expanded with con- truding rhizohyphae ，centrally more or less vex ，brown disc and n紅 row (to 50 凹n wide) imbricate and n紅 row. Apothecia plane ， pale proper proper margin and na 町 ow (50 Jl m) ，colorless brown with n紅 TOW proper margin; subhymenium. subhymenium. Hymenium 1 + blue. Asci hymenium 1 + blue. Ascospores simple ，col- with with amyloid apical ring; spores simple ，col- orless ，ellipsoid ， 11-15 x 6-7 阿n. orless ，ellipsoid ， 10-12 x 5-7μm. Notes: To judge from the crumbling type Notes: Notes: This species may be confused with specimen of P. nigrocinerea (H-Ny l.)， this P. P. triptophylla (Ach.) Mull.Arg. ， which is new taxon is not so closely related to it ， as not not known with certainty from Japan ， and believed by Rasanen (1 940: 146) ， but instead from from which P. alnophila differs in several to the Southem Hemispherical Parmeliella characters. characters. It does not have true isidia granulata Lamb ， from which it mainly diι emerging emerging from the thallus margins ， but its fers in having a smooth upper surface. lobes lobes are often reduced to isidia-like out- Habitat and distribution: Mainly growths. growths. Best distinguished on the different ， corticolous species ，often overgrowing bryo-

large ， expanding apothecia with a narrow phytes in warm 叩 temperate forests of J apan exciple ， and the pale (not brown) ，na 町 ow from where it is only known in few collec- subhymenium. subhymenium. These apothecial characters tions; obviously a rare and local species. indicate indicate that P. αlnophila is not as closely re- Specimens examined: Japan ， Prov. Yamato ， lated lated to P. triptophylla as its thallus may Ohdaigahara Mts ，M t. Hinode-dake ，29 July 1955 ，M. sugges t. The apothecial characters also ex- Togashi (TNS).

clude clude the possibility of it being an abnor 目 4. 4. Parmeliella miradorensis Vain. in mally mally developed P. miradorensis. It appe 紅 S closer closer to the Australian P. coerulescens Dansk Bo t. Arkiv 4: 16 (1 926). [Fig. 4] Mull.Arg. ， which has a larger ，bluer ，more ir- TYPE: Mexico ，Mirador ，March 1842 ， F. regular regular thallus. M. Liebman 7376 (TUR ，lectotype ， fide Habitat Habitat and distribution: As yet only J砂rgensen 2000a: 143). known from the type collection in northem Parmeliella nigrocincta auc t.， non sens. Honshu in Japan ， where it ， as indicated by ong. the the epithet ， grows on stems of Alnus. It Thallus squamulose ， forming irregular ， would be surprising if it does not show a wide spreading rosettes resting on a thin ， wider wider distribution on alders in the region ， blackish prothallus. The thin ， to 100μm ， 292 292 植物研究雑誌第76 巻第5号 平成13 年 10 月

Fig. Fig. 3. Parmeliella asahinae ，holotype.

Fig. Fig. 4. Parmeliella miradorensis ，specirnen frorn Hokkaido. October October 2001 Journal of Japanese Botany Vo l. 76 No. 5 293

gray 但 blue to -brownish squamules are fre 国 Kitami ，Esashi-gun ，Hamatonbetsu-cho ， between the quently quently imbricating and often produce sec- road and U sotan-gawa stream ， just S of the road ， al t. ondary ondary lobules on the margins. Apothecia 50 m ，5. June 1995 ， T. Tφnsberg 22647 -4 8 (BG). Prov. Kushiro ， around small bridge across Shirikomabetsu usually usually common ， to 1.5 mm ，reddish brown River ，Akan-cho ，Akan-gun ，al t. 450 m ， 9. Sep t. 1995 ， with with distinct ， paler ， broad ， to 150 阿n， Y. Ohmura & H. Kashiwadani (TNS). Prov. Tokachi ， paraplectenchymatous paraplectenchymatous proper margin. Kato-gun ，Kamishihoro-cho ，just W of road 273 ，6 km Hymenium I + blue; ascospores simple ，hya- south of Mikuni tunnel through M t. Mikuni ぅrama ， al t. line ，smooth ，ellipsoid ， 11-17 x 6-8μffi. 680 m ， 9. June 1995 ， T. Tφnsberg 23053 (BG). Note: Note: Like elsewhere ， this species was mistaken mistaken for the different P. nigrocincta ， 5. Parmeliella serpentinicola P.M.Jorg. & Kashiw. ，sp. nov. [Fig.' 5] which which is restricted to the southem p紅 ts of the the southern Hemisphere (see Jorgensen Parmeliellae cineronigrae similis sed 2000a). 2000a). It differs in the thinner ，less waxy ， thallo ferrugineo et apotheciis pallidis. lobulate lobulate thallus and the smaller ， smoother TYPE: Shikoku ，Pref. Kochi ， Mt. Shiraga ， spores. spores. en route from Fuyunose to the summit of the Habitat Habitat and distribution: Widespread ， mountain ， al t. 1100-1470 m ，on se 中entine corticolous corticolous species in temperate forests ， rock ， 2. Nov. 1974 ， H. Kashiwadani 12601 reaching reaching as far N orth as Hokkaido in Japan. (TNS ，holotype). Also Also widespread in the world being present Thallus rusty-brown ，squamulose ， to 3 cm in in Central and South America ， the West diam. Lobes shallowly incised ，broad ， to 3 Indies Indies and the 恥1acaronesian islands. mm ，smooth ， but m 訂 ginal ones somewhat

Selected Selected specimens examined: Hokkaido ， Prov. pruinose ，thick ， to 300μffi. Prothallus pro 園

Fig. Fig. 5. Parmeliella serpentinicola ，holotype. 294 植物研究雑誌第76 巻第5号 平成13 年 10 月 truding. truding. Apothecia not known in mature less. state ， pale brown ，slightly convex when Notes: Due to the poor state of the type young. young. Hymenium 1 + blue; no ripe spores specimen of P. nigrocinerea ，it is difficult to observed ， but young ones simple and color- evaluate how closely related P. serpentini-

Fig. Fig. 6. Parmeliella verruculosa. A. marginal lobes ， B. central ，areolate parts with apothecia. October October 2001 Journal of Japanese Botany Vo l. 76 No. 5 295 cola cola is to that species. The young apothecia pears to be closer rel(¥ted to P. pannos α， lack lack the black pigmentation of P. though with a thinner ， more appressed nigrocinerea ， and the ferruginous thallus thallus with ve 汀 ucose isidia ，rather than flat-

color color is at variance with the gray 司 brown of tened lobules. P. P. nigrocinerea. Both species are terricolous ， Habitat and distribution: P. verruculosa is a rather unusual habitat for this genus. a corticolous species ， growing on smooth

Parmeliella Parmeliella serpentinicola may ， as indicated bark in the warm-temperate forests of south 同 by the name ， be one of those organisms that em J apan and Formosa. It may prove to have are are adapted to ultrabasic rocks. a wider distribution in such forests in South- Habitat Habitat and distribution: Terricolous spe- East Asia. cies ， probably confined to ultrabasic soi l. Specimens examined: JAPAN. Honshu. Prov. Only known from the type collection at the Shinano ，Otikura ，Hakuba-mura ， 6. Aug. 1957 ， Y. moment ， and certainly occurring scattered Asahina & M. Togashi (TNS). Kyushu. Prov. Higo ， Amakusa-gun ，Tomioka ，Tomoesaki ， 27. Nov. 1959 ， due due to its habitat requirements ，possibly a Y. Y. Asahina & M. Togashi (TNS). Prov. Ohsumi ，Yaku narrowendemic. narrowendemic. island ，Kurio ，al t. l00 m ， 28. July 1979 ， H. Shibuichi 5920 5920 (TNS). FORMOSA: Taitung Pref. ， Chinsueiin 6. 6. Parmeliella veI ・E・uculosa P.M .J砂 rg. ， Pass ， al t. 1200-1600 m ， 1 1. Feb. 1965 ， S. Kurokawa nom. & sta t. nov. [Fig. 6] 3001 (TNS). Based Based on Parmeliella nigrocincta (Mon t.) f. f. isidiosa Kurok. in J. Jpn. Bo t. 33: 118 Much obliged to the directors and curators (1 958). of the cited herbaria for sending the cited TYPE: Japan ， Prov. Sagami ，lakeside of material on loan. In particular ，J回 rgensen is Asinoko ， 10. Nov. 1956 ， Y. Asahina (TNS ， oblidged to D r. S. Kurokawa's help and hos- holotype!). holotype!). pitality during his visit to Japan and TNS. He Thallus Thallus red-brown ， often covering large is further indebted to the of University areas ，consisting of appressed ， thin (to 100 Bergen for financial support ， and to J. Berge ， μm) squamules ， to 3 cm diam. ， with distinct ， A. Gyst 砂1 and B. Ingvartsen for technical as- sistance sistance during the preparation of the pape r. enlarged enlarged peripheral lobes resting on a dis 四 tinct ， crustose ， blackish prothallus. Particularly Particularly in central parts beset with mar- References ginal ginal verruciform isidia ， in large specimens Henssen A. 1997. Santessoniella ，a new cyanophilic often often broken up in areolate pattems cen- genus of lichenized ascomycetes. Symb. Bo t. Ups. 32: 32: 75-93. trally. trally. All chemical reactions negative; no li- Jorgensen P. M. 1978. The lichen family Pannaria- chen chen acids found. Apothecia to 2 mm diam ， ceae in Europe. Opera Botanica 45 ， 123 pp. brown ，convex ，adnate. Hymenium 1 + blue. 一一一 1994. Studies in the VI: The taxon- Asci Asci with apical amyloid tube. Ascospores omy and phytogeography of Pannaria s. str. J. simple ，colorless ，ellipsoid ， 12-16 x 6-7μm. Hattori Bo t. Lab. 76: 197-206. 一一一 1998. Studies in the Pannariaceae VII: On some Note: Note: We have chosen to rename this poorly poorly known Parmeliella-like species from the characteristic characteristic species ， as allowed by the southem Hemisphere. Lichenologist 30: 533-54 1. Code ， in order to avoid any confusion with 一一一 2000a. New or interesting Parmeliella species Pannaria Pannaria isidioidea (Mull.Arg.) Vain. ， from the Andes and Central America. which which in fact is a Parmeliella. Parmeliella Lichenologist 32: 139-147. verruculosa verruculosa is not closely related to P. 一一一 2000b~ The lichen family Pannariaceae in America ， North of Mexico. The Bryologist 103: nigrocincta nigrocincta which is a Southem Hemi- 99-110. spherical spherical species with a rather thick crustose ， 一一一 2000c. Notes on some East-Asian species of the wax~like thallus (Jφrgensen 2000a). It ap- lichen genus Fuscopannaria. J. Hattori Bo t. Lab. 296 296 植物研究雑誌第76 巻第5号 平成13 年 10 月

89: 89: 247-259. Japonia collecti 11. J. Jpn. Bo t. 15: 139-153. Kurokawa S. 1958. Notulae miscellanea lichenum Yoshimura 1. 1974. Lichen flora of Japan in colour. japonicorum japonicorum (4). J. Jpn. Bo t. 33: 116-119. 349 pp. Hoikusha Pu bl.， Osaka. Rasanen Rasanen V. 1940. Lichenes ab A. Yasuda et aliis in

P.M. ヨルゲンセン a，柏谷博之b .日本産シコロゴ ケ属 日本産シコロゴケ属の分類学的検討を行い， ロブチシコロゴケ)の 6 種を報告した.何れの種 Parmeliella Parmeliella adpress αP.M.Jφrg. (ウスバシコロゴケ， も分布が極めて限られている稀種である.なお， 新称)， P. alnophila P.M.Jorg. (イワテシコロゴケ， 日本産シコロゴケ属は P. mαari ωα na α(σFr 巴吋.) P 新称)， P. asahinae (Ras.) P.M.Jorg. (下シダカシ と P. stylophora (Vain.) P.M.Jφrg. の 2 種をあわせ コロゴケ)， P. serpentinicola P.M .J φrg. & Kashiw. て 8 種となる. (シラガシコロゴケ，新材、)， P. verruculosa P.M. (a ノルウェイ・ベルゲン大学，

Jorg. Jorg. (トゲシコロゴケ)， P. miradorensis Vain. (ク b 国立科学博物館植物研究部)