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Millennium Development Goals Needs Assessment & Costing 2009

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Millennium Development Goals Needs Assessment & Costing 2009 "Support to Monitoring PRS & MDGs in Bangladesh" is being implemented by General Economics Division, Planning Commission, supported by UNDP, which strengthens the capacity of Government professionals to track and monitor PRS/MDG progress and estimate the costs of achieving MDG targets. MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS NEEDS ASSESSMENT & COSTING 2009-2015 BANGLADESH Published by General Economics Division Planning Commission Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh July 2009 General Economics Division, Planning Commission hereby extends special gratitude to UNDP Bangladesh for their continuous technical support in finalizing this document through the project titled "Support to Monitoring PRS & MDGs in Bangladesh". Air Vice Marshal (Rtd.) A. K. Khandker Minister Ministry of Planning Government of People's Republic of Bangladesh Message I am happy to learn that the General Economics Division (GED) of the Planning Commission has prepared ' Millennium Development Goals: Needs Assessment and Costing 2009-2015 ' with the technical support from the UNDP. Bangladesh is committed to achieve the MDGs within stipulated time, i.e. by 2015. MDGs have been integrated into the successive Bangladesh PRSPs and Annual Development Programmes (ADPs). Bangladesh has already initiated actions to prepare Sixth Five Year Plan (2010-2015) that focuses on achieving the MDGs within the stipulated time frame. Bangladesh has already achieved a commendable niche in attaining the MDGs. The MDGs needs assessment and costing is a very timely exercise and will contribute in the resources requirement estimation for the Sixth Five Year Plan. The Report has come out with a resources requirement of BDT 7,126.76 billion (USD 104.18 billion) to attain all the MDGs in Bangladesh during 2009-2015. The estimated resource requirement to attain all the MDGs in Bangladesh is a huge amount that would also require mobilization of resources by the development partners of Bangladesh. I would urge our development partners to come forward with the required resources as they pledged in the Millennium Declaration. I congratulate GED and other Ministries/ Agencies for their cooperation in carrying out this exercise. I would also like to appreciate UNDP for providing necessary technical support to carry out this exercise. Air Vice Marshal (Rtd.) A K Khandker MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS 04 NEEDS ASSESSMENT AND COSTING (2009-2015) BANGLADESH FOREWORD The MDG Needs Assessment and Costing exercise for Bangladesh emanates from a joint effort of the Government of People's Republic of Bangladesh and UNDP to estimate the resources needed for achieving MDGs in Bangladesh by 2015. The focal point for the activities has been the General Economics Division (GED), Planning Commission, through implementing the project titled ' Support to Monitoring PRS and MDGs in Bangladesh' supported by UNDP. The Report has put together the status and trends in progress of achievement of MDGs in Bangladesh, the challenges ahead, the major interventions and targets for MDGs, as well as the resources requirements for attaining MDGs by 2015. To conduct the MDG Needs Assessment and Costing, five thematic areas were identified based on the UNDP developed templates i.e. poverty and hunger (MDG1), education (MDG2), gender (MDG3), health (MDG 4, 5 and 6) and environment (MDG7). Each thematic area was worked out by a Thematic Working Group (TWG) led by the respective Ministry with members from different Ministries and UN Agencies. All the five thematic reports are synthesized with technical assistance from UNDP Regional Office to prepare the final report Millennium Development Goals: Needs Assessment and Costing 2009-2015. The Report has assessed that BDT 7,126.76 billion (USD 104.18 billion) would be required to attain all the MDGs in Bangladesh during 2009 - 2015. The per capita resources requirement would be BDT 5,115.95 (USD 74.79) in 2009 and BDT 8,289.48 (USD 121.19) in 2015. Thus, according to the estimate, annually about BDT 1,018 billion (USD 14.9 billion) would be required to attain all MDGs in Bangladesh by 2015, implying annual per capita cost of about BDT 6,676 (USD 98). The estimated resource requirement to attain all the MDGs in Bangladesh is a huge amount that would require mobilization of resources by the development partners of Bangladesh. Rich countries have already committed in the Millennium Declaration to develop a global partnership with the poor countries (MDG 8) to attain MDG goals by 2015. Prof. Dr. Shamsul Alam Member General Economics Division Planning Commission MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS NEEDS ASSESSMENT AND COSTING (2009-2015) BANGLADESH 05 MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS 06 NEEDS ASSESSMENT AND COSTING (2009-2015) BANGLADESH ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The ‘Millennium Development Goals (MDGs): Needs Assessment and Costing Report, 2009-2015’ in Bangladesh was prepared by the General Economics Division (GED), Planning Commission with the technical support of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The Report has been prepared through a highly participatory and consultative process through Five Thematic Working Groups (TWG). Each of the TWGs was lead by the respective lead Ministry for the thematic area. We would like to acknowledge the leadership and the contributions of the lead Ministries of the TWGs. They include General Economics Division (GED), Planning Commission, Ministry of Primary and Mass Education, Ministry of Women and Children Affairs, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Ministry of Environment and Forests. Besides, other ministries / agencies and UN bodies as part of the TWGs contributed through a series of consultations. The MDGs thematic area reports prepared by Dr. Md. Akteruzzaman, Dr. Sadeka Halim, Dr. Habibur Rahman, Ms. Nahid Akter Jahan and Dr. Nepal Chandra Dey formed the backbone of the final report. Coordination of the exercise with consultants and TWGs, and the compilation of the report was done by Mr. Narendra Mishra, Local Development and MDG Localisation Specialist, Support to monitoring PRS and MDGs in Bangladesh, UNDP Bangladesh. Dr. Yubaraj Khatiawada Senior Economist, MDGI, UNDP Regional Center Colombo, Ms. Menaka Gunwardene, UNDP RCC and Mr. Neil Fernando (formerly UNDP RCC) and other officials of UNDP Regional Center Bangkok and UNDP Regional Center Colombo provided training on use of the costing tools and technical backstopping for the MDG Needs Assessment and Costing exercise. Dr. M. Golam Sarwar provided the leadership for the ‘MDG Needs Assessment and Costing exercise’ as National Project Director ‘Support to Monitoring PRS and MDGs in Bangladesh’ and Mr. Kalyan Raj Pandey, Project Manager, provided necessary managerial support. MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS NEEDS ASSESSMENT AND COSTING (2009-2015) BANGLADESH 07 MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS 08 NEEDS ASSESSMENT AND COSTING (2009-2015) BANGLADESH TABLE OF CONTENTS MESSAGE FOREWORD ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 7 LIST OF TABLES 11 LIST OF FIGURES 13 ACRONYMS 15 GLOSSARY 19 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 21 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 33 CHAPTER 2 METHODOLOGY 41 CHAPTER 3 POVERTY AND HUNGER 47 MDG GOAL 1 - ERADICATE EXTREME POVERTY AND HUNGER 49 3.1 OVERVIEW OF DEVELOPMENT PROGRESS 49 3.2 PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING THE MDG 1 53 3.3 CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN REDUCING POVERTY AND HUNGER 67 3.4 MAJOR INTERVENTIONS AND TARGETS FOR MDG1 70 3.5 RESOURCE NEEDS ESTIMATES FOR MDG1 77 CHAPTER 4: EDUCATION 83 MDG GOAL 2 - ACHIEVE UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION 85 4.1 OVERVIEW OF THE PRIMARY AND ADULT EDUCATION 85 4.2 PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING MDG2 86 4.3 THE CHALLENGES AHEAD IN ACHIEVING UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION 97 4.4 MAJOR INTERVENTIONS AND TARGETS FOR MDG2 98 4.5 RESOURCE NEEDS ESTIMATES FOR MDG2 101 CHAPTER 5 GENDER 113 MDG GOAL 3 - PROMOTE GENDER EQUALITY AND EMPOWER WOMEN 115 5.1 OVERVIEW 115 5.2 PROGRESS OF ACHIEVING MDG3 116 5.3 CHALLENGES IN PROMOTING GENDER EQUALITY AND EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN 121 5.4 MAJOR INTERVENTIONS AND TARGETS FOR ACHIEVING MDG 3 123 5.5 COVERAGE AND RESOURCE NEEDS ESTIMATES FOR MDG 3 125 CHAPTER 6 HEALTH 135 MDG GOAL 4 - REDUCE CHILD MORTALITY 137 6.1 OVERVIEW OF THE HEALTH, NUTRITION AND POPULATION SECTOR 137 6.2 PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING MDG 4 138 6.3 THE CHALLENGES AHEAD IN ACHIEVING MDG 4 143 MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS NEEDS ASSESSMENT AND COSTING (2009-2015) BANGLADESH 09 TABLE OF CONTENTS 6.4 MAJOR INTERVENTIONS AND TARGETS FOR ATTAINING MDG 4 144 6.5 RESOURCE NEEDS ESTIMATES FOR MDG 4 145 MDG GOAL 5 - IMPROVE MATERNAL HEALTH 148 6.6 PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING MDG5 148 6.7 THE CHALLENGES AHEAD IN ACHIEVING MDG5 150 6.8 MAJOR INTERVENTIONS AND TARGETS FOR ATTAINING MDG5 151 6.9 RESOURCE NEEDS ESTIMATES FOR MDG 5 153 MDG GOAL 6 - COMBAT HIV/AIDS, MALARIA AND OTHER DISEASES 155 6.10 PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING MDG 5 155 6.11 CHALLENGES AHEAD IN ACHIEVING MDG6 160 6.12 MAJOR INTERVENTIONS AND TARGETS FOR ATTAINING MDG6 161 6.13 RESOURCE NEEDS ESTIMATES FOR MDG 6 164 6.14 HEALTH SYSTEMS OF BANGLADESH: CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE NEED 166 6.15 THE CHALLENGES AHEAD IN HEALTH SYSTEMS IN BANGLADESH 169 6.16 MAJOR INTERVENTIONS FOR HEALTH SYSTEMS 170 6.17 RESOURCE NEEDS ESTIMATE FOR HEALTH SYSTEMS 170 6.18 TOTAL RESOURCE NEED FOR HEALTH-RELATED MDGS 4, 5 AND 6 173 CHAPTER 7: ENVIRONMENT 175 MDG GOAL 7 - ENSURE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY 177 7.1 OVERVIEW OF STATE OF ENVIRONMENT IN BANGLADESH 177 7.2. PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING TARGETS ON ENVIRONMENT 179 7.3 MAJOR INTERVENTIONS FOR TARGET 9 ON ENVIRONMENT 193 7.4 RESOURCE NEEDS ESTIMATES FOR MEETING TARGETS ON ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES 203 7.5 OVERVIEW OF ENERGY SECTOR IN BANGLADESH 205
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