;“ufnf] SANGALO 2018

Board of Editors Bikram Gautam Dadin Pandey Manoj Pradhan Dr. Rishi Bastakoti Subas Dhakal

Computer Design Saru Shrestha

Published By Nepal Center of North Carolina (NCNC),Inc. 1020 Signal Creek Ln. Morrisville, NC

Printed At Griffin Printing Co., Raleigh, NC 27606, USA (919)834-9313

Disclaimer: The information, ideas, articles, and links provided herein do not represent official policies, procedures, or opinions of Nepal Center of North Carolina, Inc (NCNC). The contents contained in the magazine have come from a variety of sources, including speeches, articles, field visits and public reportings. Editors may not agree with all the contents of the magazine. NCNC is not liable for the damage to anyone due to the information contained in this magazine. Any error or information should be mailed to the editor at the above address. Table of Contents Title Author Page Salute to those who serve Sangalo Team 1 Interview: Manita Devkota Miss Universe Nepal 2018 Ayushma Sharma 13 Medical Mistakes: Solving Puzzle with incomplete... Sagar Wagle 16 Kiran Against Domestic Violence Kiran 19 Choices as simple as 0123 Dharma R Pantha 20 The best places to visit in Nepal Ashreema Luitel 21 Finding my love for photography Diza Pandey 22 Humanity Shriyadita Dhakal 23 Bratabandha Experience Amit Khanal 24 Immigrants of America Pranisha Pantha 25 Magnetars Ayug Poudel 26 Earthquake of 2015 Agrani Bhusal 27 Nepal Pranish Pantha 27 The Flag of Nepal Nirbirodh Timalsina 28 Nepal Day Parade Savanna Aryal 29 Why Rest in peace (RIP) After Death? Dasharath Lohar 30 Rice Plantation in the lower … Dr. Narayan B. Rajbhandari 31 New Federal Structure of Nepal Sangalo Team 33 An open letter Phoebe Pradhan 34 US-Nepal Economic relationships … Kailash Raj Pokharel 35 Anthony Bourdain Shreya Kunwar 38 Life in Nepal Hishi Ulak 39

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Wakecounty, North Carolina and the United First of all, on behalf of NCNC Board of States of America as a whole, and signifying the Directors, my family and me, I would like to importance of our rich cultural diversity; on May wish the happiest Bijaya Dashami and Tihar 21, 2018, WakeCounty joined town of Morrisville 2075 to all of you and your families. May in honoring NCNC with a proclamation Goddess Durga and Laxmi bestow you and celebrating Nepal Day on third Saturday in April your family and friends with her blessings! of every year throughout the WakeCounty. This May these greatest festivals be the harbinger of good is the most significant achievement and the moment of health, prosperity, success and happiness in every step great pride and honor to all the Nepalese living in and of your life ahead. around Wakecounty and North Carolina. This was possible because of our community’s unity and tireless One of the goals of NCNC is to preserve the cultural efforts and dedications towards the community service heritage, traditions and customs of Nepal and protect over the last 20 years under the umbrella of NCNC. I Nepalese culture and identity. Celebrating Dashain and am sure these are just the beginnings and there will be Tihar together with all community members creates the many more to come over the coming years. exuberantfeeling of togetherness and homely despite being thousands of miles away from home. It also helps Our team continues with the vision of making NCNC us to protect and pass on the goodness of our rich more transparent, professional, accessible, welcoming, traditions and cultures to the future generations and the inclusive and well organized for future generations. We broader community. continue to seek your full cooperation and active participation. Collaboration, partnership, teamwork and NCNC is an organization with proud history and very participatory approach are our topmost priorities. We rich social and moral values. Our community has come have successfully collaborated with several local a long way stretching from a family gathering of few organizations like HSNC, NASeA, NRNNC, NCNLS, households in 1999 to an estimated over 5000 people EVC etc. on varieties of activities. Obviously, every living in and around RTP area today. This thriving organization’s successrelies on its membership strength. Nepalese community provides an outstanding opportunity Our team has been working very diligently to boost the for community service through this rapidly growing membership strength of our organization.Through our organization. It has been a wonderful opportunity for community outreach program, our team has been putting me to serve this community as the president of NCNC. a tremendous effort to listen to every concerns of the Our team has been working round the clock to move community member, provide necessary help whenever the proud history of NCNC forward with several needed and maintain a constant and cordial relationship community activities. With all of yours wholehearted with every member of the community. We want NCNC support, contribution and participation; we have to be all of ours and I sincerely urge all our community successfully completed many programs like Saraswati members to get the NCNC membership and reach out Pooja with NCNC Nepalese School, Holi celebration, to others and encourage them to gain membership as talk programs on pressing social issues, Nepal Day well. celebration, Adopt-A-Highway, Bhanu Jayanti celebration, Blood Drive, Membership appreciation Finally, I feel greatly honored and privileged to lead this picnic, Teej celebration, Dashain volleyball tournament BOD of highly accomplished personalities with varieties etc. We are not only focusing on the quantity of the of knowledge and experience in community service. I programs but we also want every program to be of high truly honor each one of yours spirit, enthusiasm and quality, inclusive and well managed. As a token of dedication to the community service. I take this appreciation to all our NCNC members and community opportunity to congratulate all of you for all of your members alike, our team has been working hard to make outstanding deeds under each of your committees. This most of these programs accessible to everyone in the is just the beginning and we have to go a long way. community by making it FREE whenever possible. I Please keep up the good work. ‘Service to man is service would like to take this opportunity to thank all our big- to God’ – I am very thankful for this great opportunity hearted philanthropists in thecommunity who contributed to continue my community service as the president of financially and emotionally to make these events more NCNC, and I will continue providing my best towards accessible and FREE to the community members. the benefit of the entire community. Nepalese community is one of the fastest growing Sincerely, communities in North Carolina. NCNC facilitates all of Dr. Batu Sharma us to be more organized and increase our visibility to President, Nepal Center of North Carolina,Inc the broader community and local governments. In Exchanges of Executive Committee 2018-2019 Rabindra Karki, Senior Vice President It is an honor to be able to serve as the Senior Vice President of NCNC. The Nepalese community in the triangle area has rapidly grown over the past decade, especially in these past few years. The families within our community have also evolved and often include our visiting parents that get a chance to celebrate Nepalese festivals with their grandchildren. NCNC has helped hundreds of Nepalese build connections and create friendships among both our parents and children. With programs like Nepal Day, everyone gets a chance to celebrate and exhibit our cultural pride together amongst our families and friends. We are grateful to have dedicated members and volunteers to promote and preserve Nepalese values to the future generation and need to continue to make this community stronger.

Ram Poudel “RP”, Vice President In 2008, we had an opportunity to visit the NCNC community during our family trip to the US. We travelled to different states and attended a few social events. The time we spent in NC and the harmony we felt among the community members made our visit quite memorable. When we decided to migrate to the US, we were invited by our friends and family from many different states. Without thinking twice, we chose to reside in NC, a place I came to love. I’ve served as a BOD Member in the past and I am honored for the trust the community put in me to serve as the Vice President of NCNC for the years of 2018-19. I believe our culture defines our beliefs, values, traditions, rituals, etc. It sets us apart from the rest of the world and it is extremely important for us, as community members, to handle culture assimilation. I will always be there whenever

and wherever I am needed for the betterment of the community. All in all, I would like to thank eachA and every one of you for believing me and for all the love and support you’ve given me.

Bikram Gautam, Executive Secretary Institutionalization of NCNC was the only thing I had in mind when I decided to join the social organization. I’ve observed over the past few years that NCNC has not been functioning optimally as an institution; there were, and still are shortcomings in how the organization handles record- keeping and communication with its members and the Nepalese community at large. Email communications have already been switched over to mass mailing system and social media was also utilized to address some of the shortcomings in communication. Likewise, efforts are underway to digitize member records and other important documents so they can be stored securely and retrieved easily. I hope to accomplish what I have promised before the end of my term. I need help from each one of you whether you are directly or indirectly involved with NCNC to take the organization to the next level. I am Bikram Gautam, currently living in Morrisville with my beautiful wife, Usha and two wonderful children, Bibhusha and Yug. We’ve been living in the area since 2011. Thank you! Kamal Kafle, Joint Secretary We are completely dependent on the care of others when we are in the infant stage. We can do nothing for ourselves. That does not mean that we are stupid and useless. That only means that we “the entities” are inside the baby bodies. As we grow, we start doing things for ourselves and possibly for others. As time passes by, we start facing problems because of the body’s change. That does not mean the person within the body is any less of a person. Everyone in this world is same and equal to any other person. It is just a matter of a stage when one can perform certain activities and one cannot. I believe in filling that gap serving across the stages of people. My family has been involved in serving community in this area since we started living here in 2012. We do not believe that one needs to be associated with an organization to serve a community. However, the efforts can be synergized working in an organized team. Therefore, we took the opportunity of serving the bigger community by joining the NCNC executive board. We are proud to be a part of this wonderful united community in the area. Bhimsen Basnet, Treasurer I have been living in North Carolina since 2001 along with my family. As I saw my daughter Sadichchha and son Sakar Basnet grow from kids to responsible adults here in North Carolina, I have also witnessed the Triangle Nepalese family grow from a couple of hundred to thousands in number. I love to do voluntary work and always love to serve the greater Nepalese Community.No matter where we live, all Nepalese should live in peace and harmony, helping each other and preserving our proud Nepalese culture and its traditions. Shova Pandey, BoD Member I have been living in this community for 17 years but it does not feel like that many years at all. My husband Ashok Khanal, our two boys Amit and Samit, and myself are always busy attending all the exciting programs this community has offered. I have lived in different cities in the past but I found this place is the best community to live and raise kids. When I first came to NC there were only about 20 Nepalese families in the community now this number has grown up exponentially over the years, yet still united as before. I feel great to be in this area and called it a second home after Nepal. I am very proud to serve Nepal Center of North Carolina (NCNC) as a BOD member for 2018-19 term. Serving as a BOD member, every day I have learned so many new things and gathered wonderful experiences. I am very fortunate to be part of it and believe I will serve in highest level in coming day. Shiva Bhattarai, BoD Member Namaste everyone, I am grateful to be part of NCNC council for the year 2018-2019 where we get to involve in cultural, religious and social activities. It is quite an honor to serve and watch the community grow. I want to express great gratitude to respected former BoDs and all senior community members who served our community. We all have worked very hard and achieved great goals. Also, I would like to thank my family members and all community people who always extended helping hands for the community despite their everyday struggle. As this community is growing, new challenges are inevitable. Yet, I look forward to NCNC’s bright future with everyone’s involvement in the community.

Sanjib Baral, BoD Member I have been living in this great community since 2006, with my lovely wife Susmita and two wonderful sons Saman and Sajal. I didn’t know at that time, we had an organization that represented the Nepalese community in North Carolina. I soon discovered an organization that represents us called NCNC on the Dashain of 2006. Since then, I have been volunteering directly and indirectly in every event organized by NCNC. I love engaging in community service, I love meeting people and sharing and hearing our stories. I believe that giving time and a helping hand can be more important than giving things and that’s what I have been doing since 2006 and now as an elected BOD for 2018/ 2019. Participating in community service projects, I have learned so much about myself and the community around me. It makes me feel complete because I am doing something that is meaningful to my community where I live. I hope to continue engaging and enriching our community and to inspire others to do the same.

Ram Krishna Wagle, BoD Member I came to the USA in 2007 with my family. After completing Masters in Physics from San Jose State University, CA, I moved to NC in 2013. In Nepal, I taught graduate and undergraduate level Physics for 18 years. I was the founding Principal of the first private science college in Chitwan: Chitwan Science College. I have been involved with various social organization back in Nepal and here in the US, including an advisor position for Nepalese Association in Southeast America (NASeA), and life member and BOD-member at NCNC. It has been an absolute pleasure and honor, and I can’t thank you enough for providing me an opportunity to serve you. NCNC is platform where we share our values, ideas, joys and sometime sorrows- and ease the pain. I look forward to implementing your suggestions regarding how to make NCNC more effective in helping our community. With honesty and dedication, I will strive to make this an outstanding organization. Padam Bhatta, BoD Member It has been seven years since I started living in North Carolina. I got chance to become member of NCNC from the beginning and take part in various programs. NCNC has been conducting several useful programs to promote Nepalese language, art and culture; Nepalese School, Teej, Dashain, and International Festival are some good examples. Proclamation of Nepal Day has been the greatest achievement so far, and past NCNC teams along with other active members deserve the credit for their tireless efforts to make it happen. New challenges will emerge in future as the Nepalese Community is growing fast day by day. The need for such a social organization will be urgent to address desires of the people in future. Also, the community members have a dream to have their own community center. We need a combined effort to make it a reality. As a community member, I am always ready to contribute to NCNC as much as I can in the days to come. Board of Trustees

Dr. Thakur Babu Karkee Mr. Uddhav Karki Mr. Ashok Khanal Chair (2016-2019) Member (2016-2019) Member (2016-2019)

Mr. Arun Dhital Mr. Manoj Pradhan Member (2018-2021) Member (2018-2021) Advisory Committee

Dr. Achyut P. Sharma Dr. Sushama Pradhan Dr. Dasharath Lohar Mrs. Shanti Rajlawat (2018-2019) (2018-2019) (2018-2019) (2018-2019) Editorial

The 18th issue of Sangalo (collection), the official of the community made by the Nepalese community annual publication of Nepal Center of North Carolina, and the active role of NCNC in local community, the Inc. (NCNC) is in your hands. Sangalo covers the Wake County proclaimed the third Saturday of April activities carried out by NCNC over the past year as ‘Nepal Day’ in 2018. This marks the most and conveys its plan for upcoming years to its significant achievement made by the Nepalese members and well-wishers as well. The magazine community in the USA. The town of Morrisville has also tells the success stories of Nepalese living in also proclaimed the third Saturday of April as ‘Nepal North Carolina (specially, the RTP area) so as to Day’ in the previous year. inspire others looking to take on the same career It’s been just 20 years since the establishment of path. In that respect, Sangalo is also a repository of NCNC, but the history of Nepalese living in the RTP our achievements and a recollection of history written area dates as far back to early 1980. Nepalese people by the Nepalese community in North Carolina. have made tremendous strides in social, cultural, Sangaloalso paints a picture of ‘mini Nepal’, the economic, and professional areasin this span. We’ve feeling carried by each immigrant Nepalese and been featuring these achievements of the community portrays the cultural mosaic that amplifies the very members in Sangalo not only to cheer the progress, notion of ‘unity in diversity’. but also to encourage the future generations. In this NCNC is a non-profit organization actively involved issue, we’ve featured ManitaDevkota, winner of Miss in socio-cultural activities in the vicinity of RTP Nepal Universe 2018 beauty pageant and six brave region since past 19 years. Acknowledgement of Nepalese heroes who served in the US military.We’ve Nepalese as ‘visible minority’ in North Carolina and also assembled the views of community members beyond is the top most priority of the organization about NCNC and shared their experiences, and NCNC has been working towards the goal through informative writings, and literary creations. different activities to promote Nepalese art, language, It took a village to bring this issue of Sangalo in its culture, and tradition. NCNC has been carrying out current shape and we express our gratitude to NCNC its activities despite of limited resources;yet, active executive committee, writers and contributors, and involvement of its members is the key behind its all the individual and business advertisers who chose success. As the inflow of Nepalese to this area has to patron Sangalo. Despite our due efforts, there increased substantially in past few years, so the could still be some errors and omissions. We apologize number of NCNC members has also gone up in advance for these shortcomings and expect your significantly. NCNC has been very active in valuable suggestions to make Sangalo better in days broadening its outreach to address the growing need to come. Finally, the board of editors would like to of community members and bringing everyone under wish all the community members a very happy Vijaya the same umbrella. Recognizing the significant Dashami & ShuvaDipawali 2018. contributions to the social and economic wellbeing

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k|bLk, ;'wf tyf k|zfGt sfsL{ NCNC Life Members 1. Devendra Man Amatya & Azal Amatya 64. Thakur Pant & Muna Pant 2. Shambhu Acharya 65. Madhav Bhattarai & Mira Bhattarai 3. Narayan Deo & Annapurna Deo 66. Shishir Khanal & Rita Khanal 4. Shanti Rajlawat 67. Moha Bhatta & Shova Bhatta 5. Ishwar Devkota & Kamala Devkota 68. Ritesh Poudyal & Muna Poudyal 6. Samantha Thapa & Rashmi Thapa 69. Thakur Karkee & Durga Karkee 7. Jaya Raj Joshi & Sundara Joshi 70. Yugesh K. Shrestha & Raj Kumari Sen 8. Pete Andrews & Hannah Andrews 71. Sachin Mudvari & Sradha Mudvari 9. Mark Tustin & Marcia Angel 72. Dipendra Aryal & Santowana Aryal 10. Lynn Knauff 73. Bikram Gautam & Usha Gautam 11. Rama Dworkin 74. Deepa Dawadi & Suresh Acharya 12. Narayan Rajbhandari & Nirmala Rajbhandari 75. Chiranjivi Bhattarai & Sandhya Bhattarai 13. Bibhor Rimal & Pranita Rimal 76. Shiva Bhattarai & Nirmala Bhattarai 14. Janak Marahatta & Prabha Marahatta 77. Sunil Dhungel & Sujata Dhungel 15. Madan Risal & Meena Risal 78. Ashok Aryal & Pratima Aryal 16. Madhab Dhakal & Sushma Dhakal 79. Ashish Bhatatrai 17. Subodh Gautam & Pratima Gautam 80. Bharat Shrestha & Pratima Shrestha 18. Sanjay Bikram Shah & Bindeshwari Shah 81. Bharat Bhattarai & Anju Bhattarai 19. James Edwards & Elizabeth Edwards 82. Baburam Dawadi & Bimala Dawadi 20. Nagendra Neupane & Bhagabati Neupane 83. Pawan Pandey 21. Ganga D. Sharma & Saroj Sharma 84. Sanjib Baral & Susmita Baral 22. Manoj Lama & Sushila Lama 85. Rabindra Karki & Sumitra Karki 23. Ramesh Amatya & Sudha Amatya 86. Prem Pradhan & Gita Pradhan 24. Padam P. Paudel & Usha Paudel 87. Hari Shrestha & Ranjana Shrestha 25. Shree Kanta Gautam & Laxmi Gautam 88. Tika Adhikari & Chandrakala Adhikari 26. John Paul & Jill Paul 89. Dil Bhattarai & Menuka Bhattarai 27. Lucy Siegel 90. Sitaram Ghimire & Kalpana Ghimire 28. Gyanendra Bam & Rita Bam 91. Harish Chandra Mahasheth & Yogita Mahasheth 29. Geni Eng & Dan Goetz 92. Sharad Acharya & Namrata Acharya 30. Quentin & Marjorie Lindsey 93. Shiva Sharma & Sharada Sharma 31. Suresh Thapa & Sarala Thapa 94. Jeevan Khanal & Pushpa Khanal 32. Lekh Nath Dulal & Rajeshwari Dulal 95. Ram Poudel & Anita Poudel 33. Bhimsen Basnet & Geeta Basnet 96. Khadananda Regmi & Titu Regmi 34. Sujan Neupane & Parita Neupane 97. Bidhya Sagar Basnet & Rima Basnet 35. Yagya Acharya & Sarala Acharya 98. Padam Bhatta & Indira Neupane 36. Shiva Prakash Mishra & Sunita Mishra 99. Dharma Pantha & Indira Pantha 37. Manoj Pradhan & Sushama Pradhan 100. Jagadish Parajuli & Anita Parajuli 38. Madan Rajbhandari & Dharma Rajbhandari 101. Debendra Koirala & Neetu Koirala 39. Uddhav Karki & Pabita Karki 102. Dipendra N. Lamichhane & Archana Pande Lamichhane 40. Madhukar Devkota & Rachna Devkota 103. Adarsha Acharya & Bimala Acharya 41. Shyam Aryal & Geeta Aryal 104. Ramesh Khatri & Kabita Khatri 42. Mohan Adhikari & Amrita Adhikari 105. Bhakta Khanal & Uma Khanal 43. Krishna Sedai & Laxmi Sedai 106. Achyut Prasad Sharma & Mina Sharma 44. Harihar Bhattarai & Sunita Bhattarai 107. Lalitya Devkota & Shraddha Devkota 45. Bal Krishna Sharma & Radha Sharma 108. Aaditya Devkota 46. Kumar Shrestha & Roshani Shrestha 109. Mohan Chandra Baral & Daxinkali Baral 47. Hare Ram Sharma & Sushmita Sharma 110. Bhaskar Kunwar & Neelam Karki 48. Suresh Sapkota & Mira Sapkota 111. Dasharath Lohar & Ramrati Lohar 49. Ananda Ghimire & Sushma Ghimire 112. Hari P. Kharel & Sabita Gaire 50. Ashok Khanal & Shova Khanal 113. Bishnu P. Kharel & Bishnu Maya Bhusal 51. Binod Dhakal & Nisha Dhakal 114. Nirmal Maharjan & Sangita Maharjan 52. Arun Dhital & Pratima Dhital 115. Chet Bhattarai & Manju K. Bhattarai 53. Ashish Bhatta & Sashi Bhatta 116. Raj Ghimire & Rashmi Ghimire 54. Shailendra Devkota & Sapana Devkota 117. Saroj Gautam & Mina Gautam 55. Rajesh Subedi & Nandita Subedi 118. Tauleshwar Prasad Chaudhary & Bindu Chaudhary 56. Uttam Sedai 119. Ghanashyam Shrestha & Shristhi Rajbhandari 57. Basanta Khadka & Santwana Khadka 120. Ram Krishna Wagle & Narottama Adhikari Wagle 58. Kisan Upadhyaya & Pam Upadhyaya 121. Lokendra Chand & Shushma Chand 59. Batu Sharma & Puja Sharma 122. Aditya Upretee & Tripti Dahal 60. Binaya Manandhar & Pinku Manandhar 123. Arun Sapkota & Gita Paudel Sapkota 61. Bala Krishna Lamdari & Buddhi Kumari Lamdari 124. Rewoti Raj Adhikari & Sita Devi Baral Adhikari 62. Shreekant Adhikari & Shanti Adhikari 125. Delande M. Hunt & Soni Ale 63. Kumud Devkota & Januka Devkota 126. Ganesh Raj Bista & Raju Bhatta Bista Sangalo 2018 Issue 18, Year 18 127. Chandra Giri & Tejaswi Giri 166. Rupesh Uprety & Sonija Dhungel 128. Bhim P. Timalsina & Parbati Timalsina Chaulagain 167. Rajesh Gautam & Asmina Gautam 129. Unnati Ojha & Biva Shrestha 168. Avinash Upadhyaya & Rachel Upadhyaya 130. Amar Ale & Sunmaya Ale 169. Rim Khadka & Mandira Khadka 131. Sanoj Shakya & Ramita Shakya 170. Govinda Adhikari & Nirmala Adhikari 132. Arjun Kumar Shrestha & Sabu Shrestha 171. Jeevan Neupane & Sarita Kandel 133. Avesh Dhakal & Aastha Neupane 172. Rajesh Devkota & Chunu Maya Bhandari 134. Prasudhan Devkota & Bindu Devkota 173. Madhab Dhakal & Apsara Nepal 135. Laxmi Nath Paudel & Sumitra Bhattarai 174. Bal Kumar Chaulagain & Tila Kumari Dhamala 136. Birodh Timalsina & Arati Timalsina 175. Moti KC & Ojaswi Shreshtha 137. Ram Thapa & Hima Thapa 176. Keshab Khanal & Isha Khanal 138. Trilochan Dawadi & Benju Ghimire Dawadi 177. Ravi Reddy & Vidya Gaddam 139. Sharada Malla & Shikha Malla 178. Shankha P Lamichhane & Rama Gautam 140. Basudev Bhatt & Basanti Bhatt 179. Ashok Bhatta & Smeeta Bhatta 141. Rudra Bhurtel & Neetu Poudel Bhurtel 180. Manoj Karki & Pragya Thapa 142. Bhoj Raj Gautam & Dipa Sharma Gautam 181. Keshav Panthi & Bijaya Sharma 143. Sunil Sharma & Uma Sharma 182. Santosh Khatiwada & Naveena Khatiwada 144. Jitman Basnet & Sarita Basnet 183. Sagar Gautam & Anju Karki 145. Shandip KC & Ichaya Dhungel 184. Sandeep Paudel & Bhawana Acharya 146. Baburam Pokharel & Sharada Pokharel 185. Padam Neupane & Bishnu Neupane 147. Khem Raj Joshi & Shikshya Joshi 186. Keshav Nepal & Pooja Nepal 148. Surya K. Kuikel & Anisha Mainali 187. Shyam Kandel & Rupa Sharma Kandel 149. Abinash Bhattarai & Anisha Bhattarai 188. Pranab Shreshtha & Puja Shrestha 150. Suman Wosti & Ranjana Wosti 189. Kamal Kafle & Preeti Kafle 151. Bal Krishna Upadhyaya & Aakriti Bhattarai 190. Sharad Pyakuryal & Kanti Adhikari 152. Rajendra Maharjan & Sunita Barahi 191. Deepak Bhandari & Manisha Bhandari 153. Swotantra Kattel & Durga Timalsina 192. Rabindra Budhathoki & Sunita Budhathoki 154. Narayan P. Luitel & Urmila Luitel 193. Amrit Raj Acharya & Shobha Aryal Acharya 155. Krishna Poudel & Radha K. Poudel 194. Khara Luitel & Mona Luitel 156. Mohan K. Pahadi & Kanchan Mala Kafle 195. Pradip Karki & Sudha Karki 157. Binod Bhatta & Ila Bhatta 196. Suraj Dhakal & Saraswati Dhakal 158. Vikas Pathak & Riva Jha 197. Ghanendra Adhikari & Rama Adhikari 159. Uddhav Regmi & Smritee Pokharel 198. Upendra Thapaliya & Mona Lisa Thapaliya 160. Hom Pandey & Dhanu Pandey 199. John Poudel & Jyoti Marahatta 161. Somnath Chalise & Ava Aryal 200. Nawa Raj Rimal 162. Ramesh Koirala & Shanti Sapkota 201. Kulananda Sharma & Hira Sharma 163. Babu Subedi & Nisha Sharma 202. Kamal Thapa & Kokeela Thapa 164. Anup KC & Santoshi Khadka 203. Bhoj Raj Ghimire & Sharada S. Ghimire 165. Uttam Niraula & Sujata Khanal 204. Krishna Pokhrel & Rachana Subedi 5-Year Members as of August 2018 1. Kiran Ulak & Samjhana Ulak (2013) 22. Sushil Datta Tiwari & Shanta Dhital (2018) 2. Pramod Ghimire & Prabha Ghimire (2013) 23. Pratap Adhikari & Kusum Paudel (2018) 3. Narayan Rai & Khusbu Rai (2013) 24. Subas Dhakal & Sija Gautam (2018) 4. Ganga Khatri & Sabita khatri (2013) 25. Prakash Nepal & Neeti Dahal (2018) 5. Ekraj Luitel & Shaili Parajuli Luitel (2014) 26. Pratima Acharya & Samudra Acharya (2018) 6. Santosh Nepal & Sriju Gurung (2014) 27. Dilesh Mool & Rohini Rajbanshi Mool (2018) 7. Uddhab Bhandary & Prakriti Bhandary (2014) 28. Rishi Bastakoti & Kalpana Ghimire (2018) 8. Nirmal Adhikary & Prativa Subedi (2014) 29. Megha Basnet Sink & Michael Sink (2018) 9. Niranjan Acharya & Shanta Poudel Acharya (2014) 30. Prakash Pokharel & Bindu Adhikari (2018) 10. Ram Thapa & Niruja Thapa (2014) 31. Madhu Devkota & Menuka Devkota (2018) 11. Ramesh Basnyat & Sheetal Basnyat (2014) 32. Netra Prasad Sangroula & Punam Lamichhane (2018) 12. Uddhar Sharma & Sunita Sharma (2015) 33. Shyam Pokharel & Anita Pokharel (2018) 13. Chintamani Kandel & Prava Baral Kandel (2015) 34. Bhoopendra Adhikary & Januka Adhikary (2018) 14. Ghanashyam Poudel & Nanda Kala Poudel (2015) 35. Thakur Sapkota & Pratima Sharma (2018) 15. Biplav Acharya & Shailaza Basnet Acharya (2017) 36. Bhanubhakta Acharya & Arminta Acharya (2018) 16. Ishwor Dhakal & Gyanu Bhattarai (2015) 37. Sanjay Sapkota & Barsha Sapkota (2018) 17. Phadindra Neupane & Saraswati Adhikari (2015) 38. Rajan Parajuli & Laxmi T. Parajuli (2018) 18. David N Kirkman & Debra Skinner (2015) 39. Hari Sapkota & Nira Poudel (2018) 19. Ajaya Sharma & Richa Sharma (2015) 40. Rajendra Aryal & Abala Aryal (2018) 20. Ananta Poudel & Roshani Neupane Poudel (2015) 41. Dadin Pandey & Amal Pandey (2018) 21. Udaya Kumar Bista & Indira Bista (2015) 42. Manoj K. Kafle and Pabita Kafle (2018) Annual membership runs from January to December Several Annual Members (as of September 2018) with the cutoff date of December 31 every year. Sangalo 2018 Issue 18, Year 18

We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Birodh, Aarati & Timalsina Family

Sangalo 2018 Issue 18, Year 18 Sangalo 2018 Issue 18, Year 18 We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Sunil, Sujata & Dhungel Family

Sangalo 2018 Issue 18, Year 18 We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Dr. Debendra, Dr Neetu & Anna Koirala

Sangalo 2018 Issue 18, Year 18 Past Executive Committees Executive Committe 2000- 2001 Executive Committe 2006-2007 Executive Committe 2012-2013 Ishwar Devkota (President) Ishawar Devokota(President) Shilendra Devkota (President) Dr. Devendra M. Amatya ( Vice President) Nagendra Neupane (Vice President) Udhav Karki (Vice President) Annapurna Deo (Vice President) Dr. Sushama Pradhan (Vice President) Manoj Pradhan (Vice President) Madhukar Devkota (Exec. Secretary) Shishir Khanal (Exe. Secretary) Dr. Bir Thapa ( Executive Secretary) Bharat Shrestha (Treasurer) Bibhor Rimal (Treasurer) Lekh Nath Dulal (Treasurer) Shanti Rajlawat (BoD) Madhab Raj Bhattarai (BoD) Pramod Mishra (BoD) Deepa Dawadi (BoD) Madan Risal (BoD) Basanta Khadka (BoD) Dr. Chiranjivi Bhattarai (BoD) Kisan Upadhaya (BoD) Janak Marhatta (BoD) Rabindra Karki (BoD) Ravi K.C (BoD) Executive Committe 2002- 2003 Executive Committee 2014-2015 Executive Committe 2008- 2009 Dr. Thakur Karkee (President) Annapurna Deo (President) Nagendra Neupane (President) Dr. Tika Adhikari (Vice President) Madhav Dhakal (Vice President) Yagya Acharya (Vice President) Rabindra Karki (Vice President) Dr. Dasharath Lohar (Exe.Secretary) Pam Upadhaya (Vice President) Dr. Batu Sharma (Executive Secretary) Kisan Upadhaya (Treasurer) Madhukar Devkota (Exec.Secretary) Sujata Dhungel (Treasurer) Danile Goetz (BoD) Udhav Karki (Treasurer) Deepa Dawadi (BoD) Shanti Rajlawat (BoD) Shanti Rajlawat (BoD) Dr. Shreekant Adhikari (BoD) Shree Kanta Gautam (BoD) Rabindra K.C (BoD) Dil Bhattarai (BoD) Balkrishna Upadhya (BoD) Dr. Padam Poudel (BoD) Shiva Prakash Mishra (BoD) Bhimsen Basnet (BoD) Executive Committee 2016-2017 Executive Committe 2004-2005 Dr. Sushama Pradhan (President) Ishwar Devkota (President) Executive Committe 2010- 2011 Dr. Batu Sharma (Sr. Vice President) Nagendra Neupane (Vice President) Arun Dhital (President) Dr. Archana Lamichhane (Vice President) Madhukar Devkota (Vice President) Udhav Karki (Vice President) Yam Shreshtha (Executive Secretary) Shree Kanta Gautam (Vice President) Dr. Roshan Shrestha (Exe. Secretary) Dr. Unnati Ojha (Joint Secretary) Shailendra Devkota (Exec. Secretary) Bhimsen Basnet (Treasurer) Kisan Upadhaya (Treasurer) Uttam Sedai (Treasurer) Bhim Timalsina (BoD) Madhav Dhakal (BoD) Dr. Rajesh Subedi (BoD) Amar Ale (BoD) Bibhor Rimal (BoD) Basanta Khadka (BoD) Ram Poudel ‘RP’ (BoD) Yagya Acharya (BoD) Shashi Bhatta (BoD) Arun Sapkota (BoD) Srijana Guiliford (BoD) Prabha Marhatta (BoD) Ghanendra Adhikari (BoD)

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Sangalo 2018 Issue 18, Year 18 SALUTE TO THOSE WHO SERVE NCNC Honors Nepalese in the US Military BIKRAM GAUTAM, MANOJ PRADHAN, DADIN PANDEY We can’t put a timestamp on when exactly people (Permanent Residence Card), have obtained a high of Nepalese origin started to join the United States school diploma and speak English. However, not a military, but the history dates to few decades back. military secret per se, MAVNI (Military Accessions Likewise, we don’t have official number on how Vital to the National Interest) is a small and very many Nepalese are in the US military, but the exclusive program that benefits immigrants. The estimates show a number north of 2,000; out of MAVNI is a special recruiting program that has 65,000 immigrants (non-U.S. citizens and naturalized been available to certain immigrants interested in citizens) serving in the US military as of February joining the U.S. military. The program allows certain 2018.The US military consists of five armed service non-citizens in the United States to join the military branches: Air Force, Army, Coast Guard, Marine and thereby gain eligibility for U.S. citizenship Corps, and Navy. The US military offers more than without first having to go through the lengthy process 150 different career paths. As an active duty soldier, of obtaining a green card. Generally, MAVNI one can choose from jobs in art, science, intelligence, program applicants must be in a legal immigration combat, aviation, engineering, law and more. status. Legal status means that applicants must be Generally, to join the U.S. military, non-citizens asylees, refugees, recipients of Temporary Protected must be living permanently and legally in the United Status (TPS) or hold any of the following non- States. Non-citizens must also have permission to immigrant visas: E, F, H, I, J, K, L, M, O, P, Q, R, work in the United States, possess an I-551 S, T, TC, TD, TN, U or V. Sgt. Saral Shrestha, US Armies Soldier of the Year Sgt. Saral Shrestha, left, accepts the 2012 U.S. Army Soldier of the Year Award from Vice Chief of Staff of the Army Gen. Lloyd J. Austin III in Washington, D.C. The US Armies Soldier of the Year in 2012, Sgt. Saral K Shrestha, who was born and raised in Kathmandu, traveled to the US on a student visa before becoming a US citizen through the MAVNI program. He came to the United States when he was 17, joined the Army at age 21. Shrestha, a power generation equipment repairer, was assigned to Group Service Support Co., Group Support Bn., 3rd Special Forces Group, U.S. Army Special Forces Command, Fort Bragg, N.C. He has served for three years in the Army and has completed a deployment to Afghanistan. He has a Bachelor's Degree in computer information science and wants to earn a Master's Degree in computer engineering and become an Army officer. Though Shrestha wished to serve in the U.S. military, he initially had no avenue to join without U.S. citizenship or permanent residence. That changed in 2009 when the Department of Defense introduced the MAVNI program. "MAVNI was a blessing," Shrestha said. "When I graduated my basic training, I had one of the come onto the field with a United States flag and I took my oath." Shrestha considers it the most special day of his life. "I realized I was part of something way bigger," he said.

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Sangalo 2018 1 Issue 18, Year 18 Interview: Sakar Basnet I spent a year in Georgia for training. My first duty station was Camp Roberts, California where I spent Please describe in brief two years. For my final year, I was stationed in about your time in US Camp Red Cloud, South Korea. My MOS was 25N, Armed Force? Which US Nodal Network Systems Operator-Maintainer. My Armed Force branch did primary responsibility was to ensure that those out you join – Army, Navy, in the field had secure internet and voice capabilities. Airforce, Marine Corps or Have you ever been deployed? If so, when and Coast Guards? How old where? Please describe the experience in some were you when you joined? details I was never deployed to a combat-zone. I signed my contract with What are job opportunities available within the US the U.S. Army when I was military? 17 years old. I went to basic As long as you score well on the ASVAB, there are training after I graduated high school and spent thousands of job opportunities available to you. the last 4 years in Georgia, California, and South For example, you can be a nurse, a mechanic, an Korea. IT Specialist, a firefighter, and even a scuba diver. Why did you decide to join the US Armed Force? I was surprised to find so many options within the I decided to join the U.S. Army primarily for two Army. reasons – I wanted to have my college education In your opinion, what are the advantages of joining paid for using the GI bill and I needed time to the US military? And what are the disadvantages? develop and explore interests that I’d like to pursue There are many advantages of joining the military in college. such as having the opportunity to travel, developing Why did you pick the particular wing (Army, Air yourself, and meeting extraordinary people. I never Force etc...) of the US military over the others? thought I would have the chance to live in California In my opinion, the Army provides the most or South Korea by myself. I gained valuable work opportunities and freedom for personal development. experience right out of high school. Throughout the Unlike the other branches, I could choose the specific years, I made friendships that will last a lifetime job I wanted to pursue based on my interests. Plus, and met inspiring leaders whose lessons will I’m not the biggest fan of water or heights so my continue to influence me. I also want to mention decision was quite simple. the great benefits such as free medical care and Did you consult with family/friends before deciding having food/lodging paid for. In my opinion, the to join? What was their reaction? biggest disadvantage is your lack of control. I’ve Yes, I sought advice from family and friends been very fortunate to be stationed in great locations throughout my entire decision-making process. under great leadership but others are not always Luckily, I knew several veterans who candidly shared that lucky. You cannot choose when or where you their experiences with me. I was also extremely will be stationed, who or how your unit/leadership lucky to have so much support from not just my will be. A bad station, unit, or leadership can be family but the entire Nepalese community. My family deflating to morale and drive soldiers to end their has been extremely proud. contracts early. What was the process of joining US Armed Force? How long did you serve, if you have already quit? What qualifications one needs to have? And why? The process of joining the Army is simpler than one I served for 4 years. I left the Army because I knew might think. I talked to a recruiter who helped me it was time for me to pursue my college education. through the entire process. I took an exam, the I may re-enlist after college, but who knows? Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery Do you know where are you going next? (ASVAB), which helped determine the type of jobs Yes, I will be attending The University of North available to me in the Army based on my score. I Carolina at Wilmington in the fall where I will be chose my MOS, Military Occupational Specialty, pursuing a degree in Computer Science. and signed my contract shortly after. There are no Do you wonder if you will fit in when you are back specific qualifications you need as long as you meet to civil life? the Army’s physical requirements. Honestly, it was never a big concern of mine. All Where are you stationed, and what is your military my units were very relaxed so I never conformed to occupational specialty (MOS)? the strict army culture. I am certainly looking

Sangalo 2018 262 Issue 18, Year 18 forward to being able to sleep-in though! able to identify moments where you need to focus Do you think you have better life skills now after on the end goal versus being more present. If you’re joining the military? Please describe those skills. going through a difficult time, know that it will end. Absolutely. Professionally, I had a chance to develop If you’re having a great time, be present and enjoy my leadership and communication skills. I was it because it, too, will end. fortunate to have exemplary NCOs, Non- What suggestions do you have for Nepalese Commissioned Offers or Sergeants, who gave me youngsters aspiring to join the military? the opportunity and confidence to lead teams, I know a lot of times we Nepalese kids get pressured motivate peers, and drive results. On a personal into doing what someone else’s kid is doing. I suggest level, I lived far away from my family therefore I you do some soul-searching to determine if joining learned how to manage a home, be financially the army is what you truly want. It’s a big independent, and most importantly, cook a great commitment and you won’t last if it’s not what you Nepalese meal. wanted in the first place. Secondly, include your What do you think is the best thing you have learned parents through the entire process. Joining the during your military life? military not only affects your life but your family’s The best and the most important thing I learned in as well and it will be extremely difficult to make it the military is that nothing lasts forever. You might through if you don’t have their support. be on the last 3 miles of a 12-mile march in the What are your suggestions to those who want to middle of summer with full uniform or you might pursue military career entire life? be spending 4 marvelous days backpacking solo in Like all things in life, you get what you put in. If Cambodia. Either way, things come to an end. after a few years, you enjoy the military life, then Whether you’re going through a challenging time go for it. For me, I knew wanted to go back to school or having the time of your life, it’s important to be and explore other opportunities.

Sangalo 2018 273 Issue 18, Year 18 Interview: Ananda Ghimire Candidate can also contact the recruiter through online. Candidate can decide which branch of armed Mr. Ananda Ghimire was force to join if he/she can pass the required born in Gorkha, Nepal in qualification. When a candidate meets with recruiter, 1986. He stayed there till he recruiter will explain the benefits of joining and turned 13 before moving to qualifications required. The qualifications to join Nawalparasi to complete the services keep changing as the need of new service high school education. He member in the force. When I joined the service, came to the US in 2005 there was a great demand of volunteers to join the under the Diversity Visa team, so the army was offering different sign on lottery program. He received bonus programs of various amounts depending on bachelor's degree from the job. The recruiter will explain what jobs are North Carolina Central available within the branch and requirements for University in 2015 and the job; if the candidate likes the job, the sign in currently works as research scientist at a biotech process begins with evaluation of physical fitness company in Durham, NC. and education level. Please describe in brief about your time in US Armed Where are you stationed, and what is your military Force? Which US Armed Force branch did you join occupational specialty (MOS)? – Army, Navy, Airforce, Marine Corps or Coast My first duty station was in Cary NC. My MOS was Guards? How old where you when you joined? 92A (Automated logistics specialist). The duty of I joined the United States Army on November 2008 92A was to work in logistics and supply in the at the age of 22. It was the greatest experience of assigned unit. 92 A orders, maintains and distributes my lifetime. all the items/equipment required to operate a military Why did you decide to join the US Armed Force? unit. I was looking for a way to give back to the community Have you ever been deployed? If so, when and and country, which took me in as one of its resident. where? Please describe the experience in some Serving in the US armed force was a way to fulfill details my wish. It was a great opportunity to learn about I served in operation enduring freedom, and was American culture and adjust to American lifestyle. deployed to Afghanistan for a 10-month term in Why did you pick the particular wing (Army, 2011-2012. Each deployment has its own challenges, Airforce etc...) of the US military over the others? even though it was a tough mission, I enjoyed the Two recruiters from the US army approached me company of my Nepalese brothers who came to and explained the benefits of joining the Army work in Afghanistan and worked in United nation reserve. They explained how I can serve the country military base. I live in, make living, and get paid for the college What are job opportunities available within the US education at the same time. I knew it then I made military? a right decision to join army reserve. There are many job opportunities available within Did you consult with family/friends before deciding the US military, each jobs comes with its own risk to join? What was their reaction? and benefits. Contacting recruiter is the best way I did talk to my family about my interest in joining to find out what jobs are available and where they the US army. At first, my family was not happy with are. Recruiters are available in most cities my decision but after explaining the risk and benefits throughout the US. of serving, my family supported me. What was the process of joining US Armed Force? In your opinion, what are the advantages of joining What qualifications one needs to have? the US military? And what are the disadvantages? The process of joining US armed begins when you I believe joining military has more advantages than contact the recruiter showing the interest to join. disadvantages. Advantages includes good paying

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Sangalo 2018 4 Issue 18, Year 18 job, upmost respect from community and government, help service member transition to civilian life. We fast path to citizenship (for non-citizen service should not hesitate to seek help if needed. members), great benefits, opportunity to travel the Do you think you have better life skills now after world in uncle Sam’s expense, free education. You joining the military? Please describe those skills. become veteran and are able to get veteran’s benefit. Service members learn great sets of hard skills and As any other jobs military, also have some soft skills from military. Hard skills are based on challenges. You must be physically fit and ready to the job he/she performs within military and are move around as soon as the orders comes , different per service members. Soft skills, applies sometimes in couple days of notice. to all, are army core values LDRSHIP (Loyalty, How long did you serve, if you have already quit? Duty, Respect, Selfless Service, Honor, Integrity, And why? and Personal Courage). I served during the period of my contract, which What do you think is the best thing you have learned was 8 years in US Army Reserve. In that time, I had during your military life? to report to the assigned unit one weekend a month The army core values are the best things I have for the first 6 years (excluding the time I was learned from my service and I do think those values deployed). Last 2 year I was inactive (no need to has enhanced my live in positive way. report to the unit but be ready to go active if the What suggestions do you have for Nepalese order arrives). I got my honorable discharge at the youngsters aspiring to join the military? end of 8-year contract. I did not sign another My suggestion to Nepalese youngsters is that it is contract because I wanted to stay in North Carolina a pride to serve your country. I would suggest joining and change my field to Biotech industry. early so that you have your retirement/ pension very Do you know where are you going next? early, and have enough time to travel the world and Since I am no longer in the force, I will not be going enjoy the life. anywhere. However, for the people who are in What are your suggestions to those who want to service, they will get move around the world as pursue military career entire life? needed. Join early and fulfill all the minimum requirements Do you wonder if you will fit in when you are back to get promotions as soon as possible. As you climb to civil life? up the rank, you will make more money and make Adjusting to civil life right after active duty is a more impact to the unit and world. challenge but there are plenty of help available to

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Sangalo 2018 5 Issue 18, Year 18 Interview: Sanoj Shakya Marines to their deployment destination. Cruising on and stopping by the several country ports was a Mr. SanojShakya was born in mixture of fun/excitement and overwhelming sea Kathmandu, Nepal in 1979. sickening experience as well. He moved to the US in 2004 What are job opportunities available within the US and currently working as Med military? Tech in Durham VA medical Within the US military there are countless center. opportunities: Administration, Intelligence, Armory, Please describe in brief about Supply, Motor-T, just to name a few. your time in US Armed In your opinion, what are the advantages of joining Force? Which US Armed the US military? And what are the disadvantages? Force branch did you join – Just like in any other field, there are pros/cons, but Army, Navy, Airforce, Marine you are appreciated throughout the nation; many Corps or Coast Guards? How old where you when employers prefer you vs others. You get the numerous you joined? benefits based on the number of years you have During operation Iraqi freedom, United States served including GI BILL (Education benefit). Marine Corps 2004-2008, at age 24. Disadvantage, depending up on what you have been Why did you decide to join the US Armed Force? exposed to while in active duty one could come home Always wanted to join the Nepalese Army; with a broken mind and a health i.e. (PTSD, Anxiety unfortunately, didn’t get an opportunity, but didn’t Disorder, Depression, cancer etc.). However; life want to miss this one. could happen to anyone anywhere, but the attitude Why did you pick the particular wing (Army, Airforce of gratitude comes even with the disadvantages etc...) of the US military over the others? How long did you serve, if you have already quit? Wanted to join, so thought why not join the best. And why? Did you consult with family/friends before deciding Four years, to start a new chapter of life. to join? What was their reaction? Do you know where are you going next? Didn’t not consult with anyone, they were shocked Honestly, I wish I had stayed. (Yes, I do.) when I told them. Do you wonder if you will fit in when you are back What was the process of joining US Armed Force? to civil life? What qualifications one needs to have? It depends on the military experience one had. For If you go see a recruiter they take care of all the me it was hard at the beginning, and still is at times. processes, but you must pass the aptitude test Do you think you have better life skills now after (ASVAP). Based on the score you get they will provide joining the military? Please describe those skills. you with various option of work field. At the time Yes, it taught me to become stronger, independent, you had to be a Green card holder, anywhere between reliable, and accept to live in discomfort 17-32, and must have high school diploma. What do you think is the best thing you have learned Where are you stationed, and what is your military during your military life? occupational specialty (MOS)? To work in a team and leave no man behind. Camp Lejeune Jacksonville, NC. MOS0151/0121. What suggestions do you have for Nepalese Have you ever been deployed? If so, when and youngsters aspiring to join the military? where? Please describe the experience in some details Do your research, find out what you like to do, and Yes, Iraq/Afghanistan 2006. As being in the listen to wise advices. expeditionary unit (22MEU) which deploys on a What are your suggestions to those who want to Hugh ship along with the Navy whose job is to escort pursue military career entire life?

We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Uttam Niraula & Family

Sangalo 2018 306 Issue 18, Year 18 Interview: Ritesh Khadka My parents were a little uneasy about it at first but I assume it was because of the potential of me being in Please describe in brief about dangerous situations as well as being so far away from your time in US Armed Force? home. But eventually they got around to the idea and Which US Armed Force I had their full support. branch did you join – Army, What was the process of joining US Armed Force? Navy, Airforce, Marine Corps What qualifications one needs to have? or Coast Guards? How old Someone as young as 17 can join the military. where you when you joined? Qualifications vary but for the most part you can get So far I have been in the military waivers for anything. Joining is easy just visit a local for going on 3 years. I joined recruiting office to get further details. But word of the Navy when I was around my warning don’t rush anything and research thoroughly mid 20s. Initially starting my DEP (Delayed Entry before committing to a decision. This is a life changing Program) when I was 19. My DEP process took about step in your future. Understand that joining is normally a year before I took further initiative to actually going a minimum of 4 years and that’s under contract. to boot camp. I ended up being processed in early sept Where are you stationed, and what is your military of 2015. occupational specialty (MOS)? Why did you decide to join the US Armed Force? I’ve been stationed in several places first beginning I initially went to college after high school with the with Great Lakes, IL for boot camp. Afterwards, I was intentions of pursuing a degree but I wasn’t sure exactly sent to school for my original rate/MOS of A-PACT what I wanted to do. Honestly, I didn’t put a good foot (or Aviation Undesignated) in Pensacola, FL. Following forward going into it and realized the lack of effort aviation school I was given my first permanent duty and motivation I had towards my classes. Realizing station being in Whidbey Island, WA where I made my how much times I was wasting I decided to pursue home for the next year along with the rest of my more information on different outlets towards gaining squadron VAQ 137. During the year I spent with VAQ job experience while having an opportunity for 137 I had the opportunity to travel to many different schooling. The military showed ample promise for places. But being that I was undesignated I didn’t what I was looking for; although, I was hesitant so I necessarily have a job. I fell under a general status decided to do more independent research on the matter. but my main priority was being a plane captain and Ultimately I ended up joining because of the heavily assisting in the daily maintenance and upkeep of 5 boasted OJT aspect of the military. For me, I am a electronic attack Fighter jets. I launched jets several hands on learner so I thought this would cater heavily times a day till a year in I was up for picking a specified to me while assisting me advancing my career goals rate/mos. I opted out the first time because I didn’t get and potentially assisting me in choosing a path. Also what I wanted offered to me aside from one job which being paid to work towards a career as someone just was HM, otherwise known as, Hospital Corpsman. I coming out of high school it definitely swayed my decided to take a chance at it and put in to get the decision. As well as the Free incentives obviously rate/mos. I was accepted and I was on my way out of different for each branch. Washington to complete school for my new rate/mos, Why did you pick the particular wing (Army, Airforce HM. School was held in San Antonio, TX. I settled etc...) of the US military over the others? there for about 2 and a half months till I got the I Don’t care for infantry or the potential of being on opportunity to choose where I go next; where is where the front lines. No disrespect for the many that man I am currently stationed. San Diego, CA is now my those positions but my intentions of joining the military new home till about August 2020. I now work at a were to get as much as I could out of it so ARMY and hospital assisting with emergency medical care in the the MARINES were crossed off my list. Besides in my ER (Emergency room) of BALBOA hospital or Naval eyes those branches didn’t seem very beneficial to Medical Center San Diego. Overseeing and assisting what I was pursuing or what I was looking for (again in the care of over 200+ patients a day. My specific no offense to those that serve). When I went to the job title allows me the freedom to learn various different recruiting offices the AIRFORCE recruiters seemed procedures and apply my knowledge to get hands on to always be absent so I reverted my attention to the training. I’ve been involved in many awesome NAVY recruiters. I’ve had conversations with prior experiences and I’m confident to say that I have more members of the NAVY so you could say I was influenced knowledge and experience than any nursing student a little bit. But regardless, I liked the freedom and right now. ability to travel that is unrivaled by any other branch. Have you ever been deployed? If so, when and where? Did you consult with family/friends before deciding Please describe the experience in some details to join? What was their reaction? I have not had the opportunity to deploy. Although, Sangalo 2018 7 Issue 18, Year 18 during my time in aviation I had the chance to partake with the punches. But my biggest disadvantage I’ve in plenty of dets (detachments). These detachments seen being in the military is... Being so far away from involved us going through simulated drills with other home. I miss it every day. Being on the other side of partner squadrons or branches allowing us to travel the country is tough, hardly getting a month out of the and work for a brief period of time. Some of the places year to see them is rough but you have to adjust. I’ve gone include: Fairbanks, AL; Shreveport, LA; How long did you serve, if you have already quit? And Key West, FL. why? What are job opportunities available within the US Continuing to serve now and I am on my 3rd year going military? till at least 2020. There is a huge variety of job opportunities as I Do you know where are you going next? indicated before I went from working on 100 million Depends on if I reenlist. We pick orders a year out dollar fighter jets to working in an Emergency Room from our PRD (projected rotation date). on live patients. There’s plenty of opportunities, for Do you wonder if you will fit in when you are back to example, me being undesignated first gave me the civil life? chance to feel out what kind of job I wanted and where Nope I’m confident I can adjust to it. Although it will I would fit in at first I was skeptical about my recent take some getting used to. pick up on the HM job but it turned out to be pretty Do you think you have better life skills now after dope. joining the military? Please describe those skills. In your opinion, what are the advantages of joining Definitely! Being independent, for one, has given me the US military? And what are the disadvantages? a better sense of maturing and living on my own. I Advantages:For me I got the opportunity to see places don’t have to pay rent but I am more conscious of my I wouldn’t have otherwise seen myself. As well as that, bills and planning ahead to ensure they are paid. I’m I got to meet some amazing people. In a sense I had more proactive overall and I have better understanding family away from home. Another thing is I would’ve of finances. been stuck trying to figure out what I wanted to do or What do you think is the best thing you have learned just stuck in a hamster wheel. College is a great avenue during your military life? for everyone and although I opted for the military Think before you sign. And don’t sweat the little stuff. instead of college I’ve studied way harder than I ever Things are so easy in the military it’s laughable. Always have for the military but the difference is I didn’t have have a positive outlook…. Trust me things will be much to waste thousands of dollars changing my major or easier if you do. anything I was put in a field tried it out and found a What suggestions do you have for Nepalese youngsters field I enjoy. Plus consistent pay, every 1st and 15th. aspiring to join the military? Disadvantages:You do have some of your freedom Make sure you understand what you are getting into! taken from you. There are restrictions, it’s not like how It’s hard to say everything but, anyone with further it was as a “civilian” you have to be careful of how questions on the matter or just want to know what it’s you behave and where you are. Consequences come like! My line is open. Ask me anything I’m more than so much easier than reward and you just have to willing to help as much as I can to help you make a practice caution considering it’s the US military, decision. members are held to a high standard. At home there’s What are your suggestions to those who want to pursue not a huge threat to getting in trouble more often than military career entire life? not it’s a slap on the wrist. Same with work (civilian The military isn’t a way to avoid schooling… believe side) you might get fired at worst but with the military me. In fact, I study more than I ever thought I would. you are under contract to stay in so worst comes to I promise you if there’s anything that will help you worst there are ways that swift punishment is dealt as advance, it’s studying. And Evals but mostly study your unfair as it seems the military has these regulations job extensively. And plan like you’ll get a degree while to keep members in check and prevent unfortunate in. situations from happening. You have to learn to roll We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Padam Bhatta & Family

Sangalo 2018 8 Issue 18, Year 18 Interview: Dinesh Lama serve long enough), and many more. One must be physically fit to live happy life even Mr. Dinesh Lama came when you are a civilian. Good Fitness is necessary to the US in 2007 under in military but you do not have to be Olympian type the Diversity Visa of fit to join military. It is very organized professional program. He earned field, you will have excellent resources and support bachelor's degree in system to do your job. Usually military people work environmental science in in one station for 3 years inside the USA and for 6- Nepal. 12 months in risky overseas areas. If you are Namaskar Everyone, my married, you move to those areas with your spouse name is Dinesh Lama. and kids unless it is a very risky area. All my friends All of the answers I have have lived in all over the Europe, Japan, Korea, provided below are just with their spouse and family. my personal opinion What was the process of joining US Armed Force? about US military profession. Please do not take it What qualifications one needs to have? as an official answer from any organization. You simply type US army/navy/air-force recruiter Please describe in brief about your time in US Armed in google, it will give you recruiters location and Force? Which US Armed Force branch did you join website, and you call them, get appointment, and – Army, Navy, Airforce, Marine Corps or Coast meet them. Recruiters are facilitators, they will help Guards? How old where you when you joined? you to join. You do not need to know in detail about I served US Army June, 2008 to July 2015. I was joining process, recruiter will walk you through the 27 years old when I joined US Army. process. In order to join as an officer, you generally Why did you decide to join the US Armed Force? must have a bachelor degree. If you are planning Initially I was driven by our Gurkha culture and for to join as a medical doctor or any other professional, Adventure. But later on I realized it is a very you must have a respective degree on that field. To honorable profession, and also helps to build strong join as an enlisted members, high school diploma foundation for your career in any field. is sufficient however having few college credits (15- Why did you pick the particular wing (Army, 30 credits) makes your application package stronger. Airforce etc...) of the US military over the others? Where are you stationed, and what is your military Like I said earlier, I was more driven by Gurkha occupational specialty (MOS)? culture, there is no navy and air force in Nepal, I worked for 2290th US Army Hospital which was hence I was simply not attracted to them. However located in D.C. Metro area. My MOS was 68Q later on I realized that all branches are equally which is a pharmacy specialist. Army gave me respectful with similar benefits. extensive training to do this job. Did you consult with family/friends before deciding Have you ever been deployed? If so, when and to join? What was their reaction? where? Please describe the experience in some Yes, I did talk to Nepalese but most of them didn’t details. know much about it. They had misperception that Unfortunately I was never deployed, perhaps being you must be strong like a horse, pay is very minimum, a pharmacy personnel, my hands were full of work must be very young, job is very rough, you must here. move from places to places all the time, you won’t What are job opportunities available within the US get chance to live with your family. Basically they military? tried to portrait that one joins us military when he US Military has all the jobs available just like in or she is out of option in life. civilian sectors. You can be a medical doctor, nurse, I must say all of the above perceptions are myth. pilot, engineer, IT personnel, lawyer, chaplain, all Pay is actually very good. Your military W-2 form kinds of medical technicians, cook, driver, infantry will only show your basic salary which makes it man, administrative clerks, environmentalist, look so little, however you get nontaxable big bucks chemist, mathematician, microbiologist, etc. every month as a house allowance, food allowance, In your opinion, what are the advantages of joining and etc which makes your net income much better the US military? And what are the disadvantages? than average jobs. In addition to that Military pays The positive side of joining US military is that it for your education, gives best health insurance in gives you sense of pride, disciplined lifestyle, and free, pays for clothing, gives you pension (if you solid foundation for building your career further.

Sangalo 2018 9 Issue 18, Year 18 Majority of Americans will see you very positively listening and following instructions seriously, and will show gratitude towards you for serving the exercising and studying every day, taking care of nation. Military always trains its member certain others by heart, you will fit everywhere. job skills which match to civilian sector, so usually Do you think you have better life skills now after you will not have issues finding job afterward. joining the military? Please describe those skills. Prior Military service member often gets priority Like I mentioned in the last question, the true military in hiring events by other government agencies and lifestyle which is composed of punctuality, discipline, civilian sectors. It pays for your school. You can caring attitude, vigorous trainings, studying, take classes while you are in the military and also vocational job trainings, and formal educational when you are out of the military. Many soldiers get degrees definitely gives you better life skill. out of military, go for school while being paid, and What do you think is the best thing you have learned either join back or start something new. during your military life? I am a diehard fan of US Military, hence I do not “Taking care of people like your own family see any disadvantages. I guess if you are a person member” gives you the greatest satisfaction and who doesn’t like to exercise, doesn’t want to study, also the best key to win the heart of others. US doesn’t like to wake up early in the morning, and Military fosters that culture which is the best thing doesn’t like to live organized disciplined life, Military I learned from it. lifestyle can be challenging. What suggestions do you have for Nepalese How long did you serve, if you have already quit? youngsters aspiring to join the military? And why? There are many good pathways to pursue your life I served for 7 years. I got out to watch my two very and career. Military is definitely one of the best little kids and to finish up my bachelor in nursing options. Majority of American people will always program while my wife was working full time. US show love and gratitude to their military members. army paid for my school, and also paid me monthly It is also compliance with our Gurkha Culture. If allowance while I was in the school (even when I you have dream to be a soldier and also want to be was out of military) under GI Bill. With all that a certain professional such as doctor, engineer, amazing financial help, today I am a Registered pilot, scientists, or anything else……you can be Nurse with Bachelor degree in nursing. both in military system because military requires Do you know where are you going next? all profession. Just try to practice disciplined Currently I am working as a Registered Nurse in lifestyle such as waking up early morning, studying INOVA Alexandria Hospital, and am applying to and exercising every day, being on time, give up the join back military as a nurse officer. Hopefully by habit of procrastination, and Keep positive the grace of god, I will be working as a nurse officer appearance and attitude, you will be just fine. in military soon, otherwise will continue to improve What are your suggestions to those who want to myself as a clinical nurse in civilian sector. pursue military career entire life? Do you wonder if you will fit in when you are back Go for it, it’s full of adventure and honor. Career to civil life? wise you will have opportunity to grow all your life, Yes, I do believe that I fit very well in the civilian you will have opportunity to educate and be better life. If you follow true military lifestyle such as person every day. Military will shine you every day; waking up early, doing no procrastination in life, your family, and society will be proud of you. being on time everywhere, taking your job seriously,

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Sangalo 2018 10 Issue 18, Year 18 Interview: Sanjay Lohar Have you ever been deployed? If so, when and where? Please describe the experience in some Please describe in brief about details. your time in US Armed I deployed with 2nd Battalion 9th Marines to Okinawa, Force? Which US Armed Philippines, and South Korea. I deployed with 1st Force branch did you join – Battalion 8th Marines as a detachment in the Army, Navy, Airforce, Marine Combined Arms Company to Bulgaria, Romania, Corps or Coast Guards? How and Norway. old where you when you What are job opportunities available within the US joined? military? I joined United States Marine As stated above, ASVAB test score and security Corps at age 23. clearance will restrict occupations. If you cannot Why did you decide to join pass the training course for the occupation you were the US Armed Force? assigned, then they will reassign you to something I had wanted to join and serve for at least 4 years else. Opportunities range from administrative clerks, for some time. I decided to take a break from college aircraft crew, artillery, cooks, drivers, infantrymen, and join. mechanics, supply specialists, etc. Some jobs, which Why did you pick the particular wing (Army, the Marines call ‘B Billets’ require the Marine to Airforce etc...) of the US military over the others? have reached a certain rank and have spent a certain The Marines have a reputation for excellence; it amount of time in the branch. These jobs, such as made sense for me to join the branch that demands drill instructor, recruiter, Marine Special Operator, the most from an individual. etc. are in high demand but also have high demands Did you consult with family/friends before deciding on the individual. As such, these schools often have to join? What was their reaction? a high failure rate. Some jobs, such as pilots, are I told my parents that I wanted to join. My mom reserved for commissioned officers. was not very happy. In your opinion, what are the advantages of joining What was the process of joining US Armed Force? the US military? And what are the disadvantages? What qualifications one needs to have? The military offers benefits such as free tuition as The Marines have initial physical fitness well as professional certifications in many jobs requirements of 2 pull-ups, 35 sit-ups in 2 minutes, (such as aviation mechanic or paralegal). In and 1.5 mile run in 13:30 minutes. Besides that, addition to personality and physical development, each branch has specific requirements for the ASVAB the military also puts individuals in high stress test. The results from that test determine which leadership positions. This can be beneficial to MOS’ a service member is qualified for. Certain people returning from the military and joining the jobs also require a security clearance. workforce. Where are you stationed, and what is your military How long did you serve, if you have already quit? occupational specialty (MOS)? And why? I was stationed in Camp Lejeune, NC as part of the I served 4 years of active duty, which was the 2nd Marine Division. I was an infantry rifleman, required portion of my contract. There is a lot of 0311. nonsense that happens in the military, which leads

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Sangalo 2018 11 Issue 18, Year 18 to many people not re-enlisting. For me, the Marines What do you plan to do in life, what will your career had taught me what I wanted to learn, and the path be after the military, and what does the military friends that I had made during my 4 years of service offer you that no other institution does? Only sign were leaving as well. a contract for jobs you want. If you do not want to Do you know where are you going next? go to college after the military, then choose to enter I am on track to earn a baccalaureate in the military in a technical job. They will give you Management Information Systems, and will enter all the training you need, you will get experience the professional field after graduation. during your period of service, and you can start Do you wonder if you will fit in when you are back working right away after your required service is to civil life? finished. No. If you want to go to college after the military, then Do you think you have better life skills now after start taking some classes while you are still serving. joining the military? Please describe those skills. This will help you develop, and maintain, study As stated above, I have some leadership experience habits as well as show colleges that you are serious and have often interacted with people whose about earning a degree when you apply for viewpoints are different from mine. This gives me admission. a unique perspective on problems, and helps mediate Save your money, don’t get married in your first 4 issues in the workplace or community. Besides that, years of service, and pick your friends wisely. the usual things such as discipline, timeliness, etc. What are your suggestions to those who want to What do you think is the best thing you have learned pursue military career entire life? during your military life? Earn a college degree, and seek to join the military The body is capable of much more than we give it as a commissioned officer. Commissioned officers credit for, similarly so is the brain. Hard work and have more respect, better pay, and have better perseverance makes many things possible. prospects after their career is finished. Some What suggestions do you have for Nepalese branches have ROTC programs on university youngsters aspiring to join the military? campuses, research ROTC scholarships. They will The military will use you for whatever it needs. pay for your college tuition, in return for obligated Before signing a contract, you need to have a plan. service after you graduate.

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We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Arun, Pratima & Dhital Family

Sangalo 2018 12 Issue 18, Year 18 INTERVIEW: MANITA DEVKOTA MISS UNIVERSE NEPAL 2018 AYUSHMA SHARMA Our long time community member Miss Nepal was going to be a goal that I Manita Devkota, daughter of Kumud wouldn’t be able to tick off, until this year. Devkota and Januka Devkota was crowned the 2018 Miss Universe Nepal 2. Tell us a little bit about yourself. Where during the Grand Finale ceremony of did you complete your education? Did the competition held on Aprill 11, you have a modeling career before you 2018. After migrating to North began training for Miss Nepal? If so, how Carolina in 2007, she became a very did this modelling career begin? active member in our community, I’m a down-to-earth individual who has a participating during the international lot of goals and aspirations in life. I want festival and other holiday celebrations. to travel the world and try all the world’s She later received her Bachelor’s cuisines. I want to write a book and give a degree from East Carolina University Ted Talk and so much more. Fun fact, I in Public Health, with a concentration turned 23 on the day of the Miss Nepal 2018 on Pre-Health Professions. After her finale and the Miss Nepal Universe crown reign as Miss Nepal Universe, she intends to pursue has been the best birthday gift I have ever received. a Juris Doctor. I have a Bachelor’s degree from East Carolina University in Public Health with a concentration on While traveling to Nepal for a vacation, Manita was Pre-Health Professions. I chose this major because encouraged by friends to apply for Miss Nepal. improving the lives of people, especially women Taking their advice, she went to the auditions, and and children, is something I care about. I hope to the rest is history! Below is an interview with Miss work with UNICEF one day and promote health Universe Nepal, Manita Devkota, where she talks and wellness in developing countries. about the journey of her life, her experience of Something I’m proud of is my involvement with getting honored with one of the most esteemed the organization Days for Girls (DfGs) and She’s crowns in Nepal, her ambitions, and more. the First. Both of these are non-profit organizations 1. As a child, had you ever thought that you with a mission to empower girls by promoting girls’ would be participating in such a contest and win education and health. During my three years the title of Miss Nepal? involvement with She’s the First, we fundraised No, as a child I didn’t know about Miss Nepal or money to sponsor four girls’ education in Kopila what a beauty pageant was. During my childhood, Valley School in Birendranagar, Surkhet, Nepal. I remember huddling by the TV with my sisters My involvement with Days for Girls, continues till watching Miss USA and Miss America, and being today, I am affiliated with Nepal’s chapter of DfGs. completely mesmerized by all the ladies. It wasn’t In many areas of Nepal, girls don’t have access to until my teenage year I realized the concept of a sanitation facilities and menstrual items, and after beauty pageant. they’ve reached puberty they end up skipping school As I got older, few of my friends started to encourage or dropping out. We want to keep these susceptible me to compete in Miss Nepal USA. Unfortunately, girls in school and educate them on menstrual the pageant was discontinued. In 2014, I was hygiene and reproductive health. DfGs don’t just approached to try for Miss Nepal so I started provide dignity and health education to Nepalese researching the pageant more. I was warming up to girls and women, it also provides employment the idea of trying for Miss Nepal because I had opportunities. always intended to go back to Nepal after establishing I had no prior modeling experience when joining myself as a professional here in America. I realized Miss Nepal. In fact, this year’s all four Miss Nepals that if I became a Miss Nepal, I would have a chance don’t come from a modeling background. We were to develop respectable professional or social contacts. just ordinary girls. Since becoming a Miss Nepal, People would be willing to work and invest on I’ve been learning and taking pointers on modeling. projects affiliated with a Miss Nepal. By my late 3. When did you decide you wanted to take part teens, I became more interested to compete, however, in Miss Nepal, and what made you decide? because of school it hadn’t been possible. I thought I’m always open to trying new things, especially if

Sangalo 2018 13 Issue 18, Year 18 it helps to improve me. For a few years, I was 6. Can you share some of your wonderful interested to compete but never could because I was experiences from the journey into Miss Nepal? living in US and Nepal was on the other side of the My best experiences at Miss Nepal was hands down world. Luckily this year, I decided to go for a gap spending time with the ladies. We went on a three year to travel and explore India and Nepal. It was day trip to both Pokhara and Dhulikhel and ended serendipity, this year I ended up in Nepal just at the up bonding so well. In Nepal that’s called “gelling right moment. up.” At Dhulikhel, we spent days getting to know I met the requirements for a contestant and it was every contestant’s fears and dreams leading us we the perfect time because I wasn’t in school and I all become sisters from competitors. wasn’t working. I told myself “why not?” and went In Pokhara, when we were taken for zipline, girls for it. With a little bit of Universe’s blessing and who claimed to have acrophobia ended up zip lining some hard work I managed to win a title. because of the support and encouragement from all 4. What was the process to the title like? the ladies. These are just some fond memories that One of the toughest part of the competition was just I will forever cherish. getting situated and adjusted to living in a “foreign 7. How did it feel when you were being crowned? land”. Obviously sweet North Carolina and KTM Can you recall that moment and those feelings? are two contrasting environments and having been That night I was ready for anything. It was my brought up in NC made adjusting to KTM a bit birthday and I was feeling good. I knew that I was difficult. I would also get sick often so I had to get going to win or I was going to learn. I did not see used to the air and noise pollution. Another challenge failure. When they called my name, I was blank was my weight. I was traveling in India beginning because I was slowly processing the announcements of this year, while in India I went on countless but I still managed to go to my crown. When I was foodventures and had gained some unwanted weight. crowned by my predecessor, I was grateful to the I had to lose weight for the competition. I manage Universe and proud of myself; it felt so good to win to lose 14 lbs during the course of the 7 weeks that Miss Nepal Universe crown. During that training. moment, I knew this was just the beginning, I now Thoughts of giving up and just going back to US have big responsibilities and expectations to fulfil. did appear in my mind. However, I persevered and Right now, that is exactly what I am doing, preparing toughed it out, and I was rewarded. I won and now for Miss Universe (MU) 2018. I’m so lucky to have I have completely adjusted to Nepal and loving the opportunity to represent Nepal in an international every moment of being here. This beauty pageant stage. I hope to make Nepal proud. world is completely new to me so I had to start from 8. How is this transition from being the simple the basics. Things like ramp walking, modeling, Manita Devkota to Miss Universe Nepal Manita makeup, and styling aren’t my forte, so I had to Devkota? How difficult is it for you to get used learn those. Fortunately, I am quick learner, I to the limelight at all times? managed to improve and even win the “Miss Glam” Transition from a simple ordinary student Manita subtitle. During the seven week training, we were to a Miss Nepal Manita takes effort. Since I was given lectures on public speaking, etiquettes, tourism, not from the modeling world, I lacked knowledge federalism, and women empowerment. A week on styling and makeup. I had to work hard on these before the finale, we have our preliminary rounds areas because as a Miss Nepal you have to always where we have one-on-one with the judges. This is look presentable. I’m enjoying the transition, this where top 14 is decided and the judges get to know is grooming me not just physically, but mentally you and interview you. The last three days leading and socially. I know this personal and professional to the finale, we go to closed camp at hotel development will be a great asset when I enter my Annapurna, where we rehearse and give our final profession field. I don’t see the limelight as a negative performance. thing. Right now I need as much help as possible 5. How long does it take to plan and prepare for to prepare for MU, and the limelight is helping me the competition? network with designers and stylist. I will fully utilize I did no planning whatsoever. Some of the this limelight to help prepare for MU. contestants had been planning for MN for years, 9. After winning the title, how empowered have i.e., working on their fitness, their walks, and make you felt? What sort of platform has it provided up skills. It was an impromptu decision because the for you? And what new ambitions have you set timing suited my situation. I entered the competition for the days ahead? with the mindset that all my life experiences, my I was already an empowered woman, now I’m an skills and knowledge would help me and I will learn empowered woman with refined soft skills. As a along the way. I guess it worked, you need to have Miss Nepal, you prompt respect from the general faith in yourself and be brave enough to just jump masses. Whatever field you maybe interested in, at an opportunity. Miss Nepal does provide a great platform for that. Sangalo 2018 14 Issue 18, Year 18 My voice has always been important but now there 13. Winning the Miss Nepalt pageant, I am is an audience and I have people and organizations guessing, has almost changed the path of your that want to work with me. life. Earlier, you were taking a path in one Ellen Sirleaf, a woman I admire, states, “The size direction, and now, it is certainly going to be of your dreams must always exceed your current different. What profession do you see yourself capacity to achieve them. If your dreams do not as in the future? scare you, they are not big enough.” I am an Winning Miss Nepal has revamped my life slightly ambitious individual and have set some new goals but for me the real game-changer would be winning for myself for the coming decade. MU. As for now, I still have aspirations to go back The current ambition I’m working towards is MU to school after completing my reign. crown. I want to bring home an international crown 14. What are your hobbies? What do you enjoy for Nepal; an objective that is unaccomplished in doing in your free time? the 23 years of Miss Nepal history. I enjoy reading novels, hiking, and catching up on 10. How have you been preparing for the Miss my favorite TV shows during my free time. In Nepal, Universe competition? Can you tell us a little bit when I have free time, I go explore more of KTM more about that? city and visit family. Of course, that is my priority at the moment. MU 15. What do you cherish most about the Nepalese is a prime example of a true beauty pageant, meaning Culture and our Nepalese Community? it is superficial in all its glory. Physique is so My favorite part about Nepal is the diversity. Thanks important that it consists a great portion of my final to our cultural diversity, we have hundreds of options score. That being said, I am hitting the gym everyday when it comes to things like clothing, food, and and enjoying it. I’m working on my speaking skills languages. We have so many diverse facial features and researching MU, my fellow competitors, and that there is no “one look” to represent Nepal. We Q&A topics. are a melting pot of our own. I’m also working with designers and costume makers Another aspect of Nepal that is praiseworthy is the to help me with my evening gown, wardrobe, and tolerance when it comes to religion. In Nepal, we national costume. I’m brainstorming a social project don’t see people threatening each other on the basis that will make me stand out in MU. of religion. Contrary to the world today, Nepalese 11. What sort of sacrifices did you have to make don’t put much value on the faith of a person, rather to reach this title? they judge a person by their action and heart. The biggest sacrifice I am making is losing family 16. What message do you want to share to all of time. My sisters and parents are all back in the the youth out there, for whom you are a great States, and I miss them. Every other sacrifice is source of inspiration? irrelevant. This is my year to learn and grow. I am We always tell the youths to be themselves. However, grateful for this opportunity, I will stay optimistic we forget to realize that youths don’t know who and not dwell on the negatives. they are yet because they still have so much to learn 12. What role did your family play, and how about themselves and the world. I certainly didn’t supportive were they during your journey? Can know who I was during my teenage years. I was a you talk a little about the encouragement and lost puppy. So I want to tell the youths to figure out motivation they provided for you? what type of person they want to be and work to be I didn’t tell them I was competing in Miss Nepal that person. My advice would be to spend time with until I knew it was going somewhere. After two themselves to help them to know and create weeks in I told them, they were so excited. They themselves. Have core values you won’t had such strong faith in me and knew I could do it. compromise on but be open to changes as you learn My sisters give me words of encouragement and more and gain more experiences. Remember that always asked how the process was going? I didn’t you are no less than others, and always strive to be have friends in Nepal yet, so having them to speak better and to do better. to helped me a lot. ljhof bzdL / bLkfjnL 2075 sf] pknIodf ;Dk")f{ g]kfnL

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Sangalo 2018 15 Issue 18, Year 18 MEDICAL MISTAKES: SOLVING A PUZZLE WITH INCOMPLETE PIECES

SAGAR WAGLE, MD A 40-year-old female came to an emergency show stones inside a gallbladder? department with pain in her right upper part of her No one had an answer. To find the answer to this abdomen. The pain had started after she had a mysterious case, a special imaging test called ERCP hamburger and fries at a local restaurant. It has been was performed. From ERCP, they found that the 7 hours after she ate, and the pain is getting worse. patient did not have a gallbladder. She was born She now has a fever. When pressing on the right without one. She was found to have a really big upper side of the stomach, she experiences a lot of common bile duct filled with stones. It was this pain. This is a classic presentation of cholecystitis. common bile duct which had looked similar to Cholecystitis is inflammation of gallbladder which gallbladder on ultrasound. The common bile duct is most commonly caused by stones in the is a duct that passes bile from the liver to intestines. gallbladder. If someone has cholecystitis, the With help of ERCP, the doctors were finally able treatment is to surgically take out the gallbladder. to take out the stones from the common bile duct. If cholecystitis is not treated, the chance of death is In the case, the patient underwent an unnecessary very high. Gallstones are present in about 30% of surgery. If MRI or CT of the abdomen would have women in their 3rd and 4th decade of life. However, been performed instead of an ultrasound, it may for most patients, gallstones just stay in the have been known that she did not have a gallbladder gallbladder and never lead to cholecystitis. and the stones were in her common bile duct. The To confirm the diagnosis of cholecystitis in our problem would have been accurately diagnosed and patient, an ultrasound of her abdomen was done. she would have gone straight to ERCP. It is often Ultrasound showed that she had gallstones, but it challenging to do the right thing in medicine. It is did not show cholecystitis. Patient's history and because no two human bodies are the same. What exam tell us that she has cholecystitis, but ultrasound applies true for 99 patients may not be true for the says she doesn't have cholecystitis. If the surgeon 100th patient. Absent gallbladders are incredibly performs cholecystectomy (surgery to take a rare. Ironically, the patient underwent a surgery to gallbladder out), but she turns out not having get her gallbladder taken out because she was born cholecystitis, the patient underwent an unnecessary without one. surgery. However, if the surgeon decides not to do In this article, I will try to explain why doing the the surgery and the patient turns out to have right thing in medicine is often hard. Making cholecystitis, the chance that she would die is very mistakes is a part of our job. high. In our case, a decision was made to do the Solving a puzzle with incomplete pieces surgery. When the surgeon cut open the woman's Anyone coming to a clinic with a headache has a abdomen, he noticed that the patient did not have small chance that the headache is caused by a brain a gallbladder. What? How is this possible? If she cancer. A doctor can use information from a patient's did not have a gallbladder, how did the ultrasound history to decide whether the patient has a brain

We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Dr. Vikas Pathak & Family

Sangalo 2018 16 Issue 18, Year 18 cancer. For example, patients with brain cancer incomplete pieces. Ordering a brain MRI on usually have vomiting, weight loss, blurry vision, everyone coming to a clinic with a headache and personality changes, walking difficulty, to name a vomiting is not practical. First, it costs a lot of few findings. Compared to a patient's history, a MRI money. Second, there are simply not enough MRI of the head is much better at telling whether someone machines in the world to scan everyone with a has a brain cancer. For a patient with a headache, headache and vomiting. Third, there was a perfect when a doctor chooses to rely on the patient's history reason for why the patient was having a headache instead of a MRI, there is a chance that the doctor and vomiting in this case. Emotional stress causes will miss a diagnosis of brain cancer. lots of health issues, headache and vomiting being A very smart doctor whom I think as an excellent common ones. Using incomplete puzzle pieces to clinician has made this mistake. A 33-year-old female solve a puzzle always makes us prone to error. came to her clinic with a headache and vomiting In the prior example of absent gallbladder, the doctor for about 2 months. The patient had just undergone could have chosen CT or MRI over ultrasound. a divorce and was in significant emotional distress. However, CT exposes a patient to harmful radiation. The doctor thought that the headache and vomiting MRI is much expensive compared to ultrasound were from the stress in her life. She gave the patient and is not usually readily available. In such case, some medications and sent her home. She did not ordering an ultrasound was appropriate. Most patients order a brain MRI. Two months later, the patient have a gallbladder. So, it didn't cross the doctor's fainted at her work and was taken to an emergency mind that this patient may not have a gallbladder. department (ED). In the ED, they performed a MRI You can't buy any more puzzle pieces of the brain which showed an aggressive form of Let's talk about appendicitis. Appendicitis is brain cancer called Glioblastoma Multiforme. considered to be a clinical diagnosis. Clinical Patients with this cancer usually don't live more diagnosis is when a doctor diagnoses a disease by than 6 months after diagnosis. Had the patient been asking patients questions about the illness and diagnosed with brain cancer at her clinic visit, she examining them. Someone with appendicitis usually may have lived longer. Did I think of this doctor as presents with pain in their right lower side of the being less smart because of this mistake? Absolutely abdomen. This pain usually originates around the not. If I was in her place, I would have done the belly button and migrates to the final place over a same thing. I would not have ordered a brain MRI. few hours. Patients have stiff abdomen due to their Imagine you are given a puzzle to solve but you are pain and fever due to the inflamed appendix. Patients not given all the pieces. You can ask for extra pieces, don't want to move their abdomen, therefore lie stiff but you have to pay for them. Doctors are such and rigid in bed. puzzle solvers. The diseases we diagnose are the These days, it is usual practice in modern societies puzzle. Patient's history, physical exam findings, to order ultrasound or CT before diagnosing someone labs, imaging and other tests we order are the puzzle with appendicitis. Treatment for appendicitis is pieces. Every time we ask our patients to bring us appendectomy - surgery to take the appendix out. an extra piece of a puzzle, the patient has to spend If we go back 20 years ago, ultrasound and CT were extra time, money, and resources. Therefore, doctors not widely available. In that time, doctors used to are often forced to solve the puzzle with limited diagnose appendicitis clinically, and proceed with pieces. an appendectomy. When imaging was not routinely The case of brain cancer I described earlier is a used for diagnosis, about 20-25% of those patients great example of trying to solve a puzzle with who underwent appendectomy were found to not ljhof bzdL / bLkfjnL 2075 sf] pknIodf ;Dk")f{ g]kfnL

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Sangalo 2018 17 Issue 18, Year 18 have appendicitis. They had a normal appendix. Conclusion The doctors made a wrong diagnosis of appendicitis. When I was a medical student, a doctor in the This was considered an acceptable practice because emergency department told me, "one sad part about if you leave appendicitis untreated, most patients being an emergency medicine physician is that we end up dying. have to be ok with the fact that one day we will kill After CT and ultrasound are routinely used for someone. Maybe we will think that a patient is diagnosis of appendicitis, the wrong diagnosis of healthy and discharge them home, and they will die appendicitis went down to 10-15% from 20-25%. because they were not healthy enough to leave the Currently, one in ten patients who undergo hospital. Or maybe we will think that they are sick appendectomy has a normal appendix. What I want and offer a treatment, and the treatment itself will to highlight here is that the results are not still kill them." I never forgot what she said. Not only in emergency medicine, I think it is possible to kill perfect. patients in many fields of medicine, despite having Appendicitis is a relatively simple diagnosis to the best intention in our mind. make. I can teach a 10th-grade student to diagnose Just like a car mechanic sometimes makes a car one. However, many other diseases are harder to worse while trying to fix it, we sometimes make diagnose. In those complicated diseases, false patients worse by trying to "fix" them. A car diagnosis is very common. Patients are given one mechanic can say that a car is too broken to be diagnosis, then another, and another, and the process fixed. We usually don't say that a patient is too sick can last for years. In some cases, we never know to be taken care of. We have to try our best on the diagnosis. Sometimes, no matter how many everyone, no matter how "broken" they are. When puzzle pieces we buy, we can't solve the puzzle. cars are broken, some of its parts may be replaced. Maybe some puzzle pieces don't exist yet. We are Replacing parts of a human being requires an organ still discovering new lab tests, new imaging exams, transplant, which is unavailable to most people in and new diseases. Our understanding of medicine the world. is limited. The human body is incredibly hard to Medicine as a field is very broad. It is always understand. Until we fully understand the human changing and expanding. Doctors are the gatekeepers body, we will continue to make mistakes in of this field. We make plenty of mistakes. Some of diagnosing and treating patients. those mistakes are inevitable because our understanding of the field is limited.

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Sangalo 2018 18 Issue 18, Year 18 KIRAN AGAINST DOMESTIC VIOLENCE Kiran, which means 'ray of light' become fully self-sufficient. In 2017, we served 198 in Hindi, is a non-profit clients in North Carolina, many of whom contacted organization that serves and Kiran through our 24/7 Crisis Hotline (1-877-625- empowers South Asian victims of 4726). Kiran’s Crisis Hotline is a confidential, domestic violence all across North volunteer-run resource for South Asians in North Carolina. Kiran began in 1998 as Carolina. Along with active intensive client case a volunteer-run organization to address the growing management includes Kiran’s Empowerment Program. needs of the South Asian community in the Triangle. This program provides mental and emotional At the time, Kiran ran a crisis hotline and provided counseling services by certified psychologists and confidential counseling, support groups, and case psychiatrists, and a yoga support group, which management services with referrals coming from emphasizes on mindfulness, actively practicing self- community members and local centers that were ill- care, and healing techniques for our clients. equipped either culturally or linguistically to deal A large part of Kiran’s work is focused on providing with the diverse South Asian population of survivors. services to clients, however, Kiran also creates In 2008, Kiran became a federally funded non-profit awareness by doing outreach events. From January organization, creating a path of hope to victims and 2017 to June 2018, Kiran conducted 29 outreach survivors of domestic violence. Kiran currently events including presenting in various conferences, provides culturally-sensitive services to victims from religious and cultural groups, creating dialogues with the following countries: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, law enforcement and universities, and hosting Kiran Bhutan, India, Maldives, Myanmar (Burma), Nepal, events such as the Walkathon and Bazaar. One of the Pakistan, & Sri Lanka. These services include crisis major outreach programs Kiran conducts are Teen counseling, resource referrals, safety planning, client Empowerment Workshops, which aim to provide advocacy, secondary family services, secure housing, South Asian youth with information and resources translation assistance and empowerment. We believe that are beneficial to leading healthy and safe lifestyles in a holistic approach to addressing gender violence among family, friends, and relationships. The impact in the South Asian community. on discussing these topics allows teens to be better According to a 2010 report issued by the Pew Research aware of their surroundings and empower them to Center, Asians comprised 2.65% of North Carolina’s assist other teens who are going through similar population (252,585 residents). Data from 2013 experiences. Kiran also created two social media indicated that the Asian population in Wake County campaigns called Humans of Kiran and was 59,000, representing 6.1% of all residents. The #Men Support Kiran as means of spreading awareness second largest Asian population was in Mecklenburg and outreach among the South Asian Community (51,000), followed by Guilford (23,000), Durham through an online platform. (14,000), and Orange (11,000). There are In order to successfully execute our community approximately 90 domestic violence agencies and impact goals, Kiran heavily relies on the support and shelters located throughout the state of North Carolina. commitment of our highly skilled volunteers. All However, Kiran is the only domestic violence agency volunteers attend a basic Kiran volunteer training in the area that has the specific tools to assist the and an additional training for those interested in South Asian community. participating in the crisis hotline. In this regard, our Domestic violence is a public health issue that hotline volunteers serve as the crucial conduit between warrants concern. One out of three women will providing immediate assistance and then connecting experience domestic violence/intimate partner the callers to office staff who follow up with intensive violence in their lifetime. According to the World casemanagementandresourcereferrals.Kiranvolunt Health Organization (WHO), 37.7% percentage of eershaveassistedinvariousoutreach and tabling events intimate partner violence is prevalent in the Southeast throughout the year. They also provide valuable Asia region. Due to the nature of abuse among South assistance with transportation for client, translation Asians, there area number of elements and unique services and serving as advocates for Kiran in the cultural factors that complicate identification of community. Volunteers are re-trained once a year so abuseand help-seeking. These elements include the they can stay informed about new initiatives at Kiran, stigma of divorce, collectivism, patriarchy, joint revisit volunteer procedures and protocols as well family households, and immigration/ visa as provide Kiran staff with valuable feedback on dependency.These challenges leave South Asian what they see in the community. If you are interestedin victims vulnerable to multi-pronged crises that set being a Kiran volunteer and learning more about our apart these clients from the average client at a services, visit our website at . If you or another mainstream program. This makes Kiran’s work even victim of domestic violence is in need of help, our more instrumental. crisis hotline number is1-877-625-4726 and email Kiran strives to increase opportunities for clients to is [email protected]! build skills and access the resources necessary to Sangalo 2018 19 Issue 18, Year 18 CHOICES AS SIMPLE AS 0123

DHARMA R. PANTHA Alcohol and drug addiction has been categorized more than 3 drinks while spacing each drink in three as a progressive disease by American Society of hours duration. At any day consuming more than 3 Addiction Medicine (ASAM) recently as it meets drinks is considered high risk alcohol use. A standard the qualifiers (etiology, progressive nature and drinks means a 12oz beer or a 5oz of table wine or treatable conditions) to be considered as a disease. 1.5oz of distilled spirit/liquor. 0 number of drink is High risk alcohol and drug use has been one of the recommended if you have family history of major factors for vehicular accidents in American alcoholism/addiction (genetic predisposition) and roads, resulting premature death. Alcohol and drug you are taking prescription medications. Low risk use affects negatively to any people(young, older, alcohol/drug use is different to each person since male, female, blacks, Latinos or Asians)who makes genetic makeup of each individual is unique or high risk alcohol and drug use. It is not kind of different. Therefore, low risk guideline is determined people who develop alcoholism and drug addiction; by family history; trigger point and tolerance levels it is rather the kind of choices people make. Like that are preset by your biology. heart disease; alcohol and drug addiction is also life Since we have no control over our biology, we have style related health problems. Therefore, it is some control over our choices. Whether to make imperative to understand and be educated for all of low risk choices or not is entirely upto us, however, us to know how much alcohol use is considered a social and psychological factors are present which low risk for overall health. Prevention Research consistently influences our choices. Understanding Institute (PRI) explains ‘Low risk guideline 0123’ these external factors and recognizing your as a low risk guideline in a situation when alcohol psychological influences helps not only prevent use is unavoidable in order to educate people who future problems but also protects what you value likes to drink but has not yet developed full blown for life. Once you start making high risk alcohol alcoholism/addiction.This formula only applies and drug use we start losing the things we value the when there is no genetic predisposition of alcohol most. It only takes one time of high risk alcohol and drug addiction and no prescription medication and drugs use or one last drink to get into devastating is in use. accident that can steal your pride or joy for the rest According to PRI, the following amount of alcohol of your life. The results can be unthinkable and use is considered as low risk for people with no losses can be forever. It can change our life from family history of alcoholism and no prescription promising future to irreparable life situation. Making medication is being used: consuming 1 standard low risk choices consistently is very important not drink per hour, per day or 2 standard drinks in two only to protect the things we value the most but also hours each drink spacing an hour or consuming no live healthy, stress free and productive life. We wish you all We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and good things to you and your family your family

Saroj, Mina and Prince Gautam, Bhanubhakta and Arminta Acharya, Cary Morrisville

Sangalo 2018 20 Issue 18, Year 18 THE BEST PLACES TO VISIT IN NEPAL

ASHREEMA LUITEL

Nepal is a beautiful place with many places to visit. Furthermore, Pokhara’s lakes (taals) and sights From east to west, from north to south, there are situated around them maybe the most dazzling and numerous adventures waiting. It may feel like too fascinating in all of the world. The names of the much but there are few that should take priority. three lakes are Fewa taal, Rupa taal, and Begnas For example, Chitwan National Park, Lumbini, taal. The most famous of them is probably the Fewa Pokhara’s lakes, and definitely Mt. Everest. taal. Fewa taal is known for its boats or dungas, in First, Chitwan National Park is the first national which people ride to get to different destinations or park in Nepal and it houses many animals. The park to get a better view of everything around them. is more than 900 sq.km. of land and forests. In these Last but not certainly not the least is Mount Everest, lands, there are elephants, rhinos, many types of the tallest mountain in the world. Now, there is a snakes, etc. One of the main features of the national place with a history that most people already know. park is the elephant ride. The elephant ride takes There are many who have gone to climb Mount you through the jungle to see the other animals. Everest but climbing Mount Everest isn’t the only This experience is so unique that it can’t be spectacle there. The cities and villages around Mount duplicated. Likewise, Lumbini is another distinctive Everest are also very pretty and very worth it to see. place unlike any others. Lumbini is the birthplace In conclusion, Nepal is a place where every second of buddha. Lumbini is also only a few hours from of every minute, of every day is occupied. When Chitwan National Park. Lumbini has many beautiful you come to Nepal, make sure to make time for temples, some that are still being built right this everything you want to see because there will be a moment. With everything Lumbini has to offer, lot. There is so much to see that you actually need there is no wonder of its popularity. to limit yourself to only a few. We wish you all We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you All good things to you and your family and your family Babu Subedi and Family, Binod, Ila, Nitika and Nitisha Bhatta, Morrisville, NC Morrisville, NC We wish you all We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you All good things to you and your family and your family Dr. Narayan, Nirmala and Madan and Dr. Dharma Rajbhandari Shakuntala Rajbhandari

Sangalo 2018 21 Issue 18, Year 18 FINDING MY LOVE FOR PHOTOGRAPHY DIZA PANDEY

There it was, the day my life flashed before my every camera or picture I see, I tend observe it very eyes. Like literally, it flashed before my very own closely. Then I asked my dad what a camera was little eyes. The only thing I could hear was “Smile he explained. It’s not a toy that’s for sure, but this Diza” cheered both of my a camera it takes pictures, parents.That's when I see.” Then he showed me how found the love of my LIFE. to take a picture. Today I know First of all, I thought to more about photography than myself, What is that? What my dad, and I can give back is that object with light the knowledge and a little coming out of it? Why are more to him since, he gave it they making me pose? I to me. The experience I got don’t know what this is, and from that moment gave me, I don’t want to do whatever the love for cameras and this is! “Wait“my dad different kinds of explained. Then he gave photography. It was amazing. me this bizarre looking I never believed people when object, I turned to it, there they said they're really was a huge button. Well, if you didn’t know, I am obsessed with something. I now think everyone can a really weird kid and I take risks. So I clicked find their own interest in something, and if they button then a sudden burst of light flashed! When cannot, they just have to look harder. Just then I it happened, I tried to register it into my brain. I can remember asking my parent’s if I could get a new actually count it as a memory. Ever since then, I camera when I was older. Their answer was: need something weird to happen to me for me to “Maybe.” So What: I will never forget the day that remember. photography changed my life, and you should never When my eyes flashed in glory it felt like lightning forget a moment that changed your life. NEVER going through my eyeballs but also seeing my future FORGET IT. Every moment or memory is really at the same time ahead of me. I finally found my important, even if it seems minor. This moment love for photography. It took me so many years, helped my passion, at just 4 years old. How this (okay more like 4 years), just to discover my passion. moment changed me is making me think about the Just in that little moment I thought my life had things around me more. Thinking logically about changed forever. I immediately fell in love by how things work or how natural eye catching observing the camera itself. After that experience, moments are.

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Sangalo 2018 22 Issue 18, Year 18 HUMANITY

SHRIYADITA DHAKAL

We live in a world consisting of different people a front-line hospital from Israeli army and Palestinian with different mind set. Humanity is one of the guerillas. Mother Teresa went to places that were serious factor that is lacking in people nowadays. not safe such as places where wars were occurring Humanity is about understanding human race. It just to take young children out of demolished also includes caring for people and helping people hospitals. Mother Teresa was one of the most loved in need, it is also about forgetting our selfishness women of the world. Many people loved her for and engaging in activities that will bring happiness what she had done all over the world. What kept to many people. Serving people in need is one of her happy was helping people in need. the greatest examples of humanity, and it is the only Serving the poor and the disabled is one of the thing one can offer in his/her life time to fulfill greatest humanitarian help an individual can provide his/her purpose on earth. Humanity is not just an in his or her lifetime. We should never perform individual trying to maintain peace in the society, humanitarian activities to achieve fame or to gain it involves performing honorable deeds like feeding popularity in the society, we automatically gain homeless people, treating our enemy with respect respect and achieve fame in society by the excellent and love so that we can exclude the hatred between work we have done. Lifting the heavy bag of an old both of us and having faith on god who created woman is humanity, helping a blind person to cross these lives. the road is humanity, helping mom for doing work One of the most outstanding examples of extra is humanity, in fact helping anyone who is in need ordinary humanity in a human being has been is also humanity. When we realize that humanity beautifully portrayed by Mother Teresa. Mother should be the part of our lives, then we realize the Teresa gave countless contributions to the society, purpose for which we are on earth. There are few that pure soul served the poor people and the people people who complain saying that they don’t get any that had been ignored by the society due to certain money for helping people and they also say that it’s reasons. She established help for orphans, HIV/AIDS the waste of time. It is important for those people victims and leprosy. She created many organizations to understand that their life can be successful just and help for those people who are in need. She by showing humanity. If we are nice person, if our established: Missionaries of Charity, Home for the soul is pure and filled with love and if we help dying, Leprosy Disease treatment, Orphanage, people in need then god will automatically give us HIV/Aids treatment. Mother Teresa’s included all those happiness that we deserve in life. God have groups of people who would need help from the made us humans to fulfill his purpose in life. We missionaries of charity.Those were “the hungry, the don’t need heavy amount of money to help people. naked, the homeless, the crippled, the blind, the Lastly, Humanity is not about showing off to achieve lepers all those people that have become a burden fame in the society, it is about showing empathy to the society and are shunned by everyone. Mother and kindness to one another. Teresa saved lives of 37 children that were stuck in We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Avin, Niva, Anju & Dr. Nirmal Poudel

Sangalo 2018 23 Issue 18, Year 18 BRATABANDHA EXPERIENCE AMIT KHANAL My experience of two parts, one part doing the bratabandha where I begged for rice was very eye-opening. and in the next part While doing the where my brother bratabandha I realized begged for rice. This how important the part was really fun ritual is itself. This because I got to meet ritual is the first most everybody that was at important step in a my bratabandha. man’s life. After doing The next part that I had this ritual a boy is now to do was accept gifts. considered a man. This part took a long There were many steps time because there that I had to do in the were a lot of people. bratabandha. This Next is the most ritual is a two-day important event process. On the first considered by many day, I met with my people in this ritual. guru. During the This was the part evening we had to do where I had to learn a puja called Purbnaga. This is a pre-Bratabandha the Gayatri mantra event. After this was finished we had to tie a yellow from my guru and where I got given my Janai. This piece of cloth around our head which had three gods part took a long time to do because it was very on it and a porcupine needle. The next day was important. The mantra I learned was very powerful. where I did all the bratabandha rituals. I am supposed to say this mantra 10 times each morning. Finally the last part and my least favorite Since my brother and I did the bratabandha together part was to fill eight cups with water, honey, and we had a tarp to cover each other's rituals. Most of cows ghee. After I did this I thought I was done but the bratabandha I did is puja so I will tell you the my guru poured all of those eight cups on me. main parts I had to do. The first part which I consider In conclusion, I have learned that the bratabandha the most important is shaving all your hair off. I is a very important ritual for boys. One piece of had a hard time doing this because I love my hair. advice for young boys doing the bratabandha, you After doing that I had to do puja for about two hours. shouldn’t be scared of it embrace the fact you have The next step in this ritual is dressing up as a beggar to do it because it is part of your religion. and begging for rice. We had to split this event into ljhof bzdL / bLkfjnL 2075 sf] ljhof bzdL / bLkfjnL 2075 sf] pknIodf ;Dk")f{ g]kfnL bfh'efO pknIodf ;Dk")f{ g]kfnL bfh'efO tyf lbbLalxgLx?df xflb{s tyf lbbLalxgLx?df xflb{s d+undo z'esfdgf d+undo z'esfdgf JoQm ub{%f}+ . JoQm ub{%f}+ .

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Sangalo 2018 24 Issue 18, Year 18 IMMIGRANTS OF AMERICA

PRANISHA PANTHA

In today’s political climate, it’s easy for immigrants are being detained. The non-citizen will no longer to feel rattled. Stories about travel bans and family have a right to a speedy trial, nor trial by jury. separations seem standard when turning on the news. Many immigrants from places like Southeast Asia It’s unsettling to be an American right now, especially may not feel threatened by Trump’s anti-immigrant for immigrants. And while it’s true that the Trump rhetoric. Immigrants from Latin America and Muslim administration doesn’t equally represent the rest of nations are the ones under fire right now but other America, it is very clear that for the past two years, immigrants shouldn’t just stand idly by. Trump’s America has been more divisive than ever. anti-immigrant bias affects every immigrant. According to the FBI recent report, hate crimes have Under the Trump administration, immigrants have surged since the 2016 election. White Supremacist been a clear target of the White House. The United groups and Neo-Nazis feel empowered by Trump States Citizen and Immigration Services took the and have gotten more active since 2016. According words "nation of immigrants" out of its which to the New York Times, the Supreme Court ruled began to construe as the symbol of the government’s that immigrants held in detention are . The Court rejection of outsiders. President Trump has made it also to take up a case that deals with the DACA clear that his agenda embraces the idea of limiting program, sending it back to the Ninth Circuit instead. immigrants in America. He has already proposed Since the 2016 election, Trump is encouraging a the end of the Diversity Visa Program (DV), claiming crackdown on legal immigrants as well. that countries send ‘people they don’t want’, from Since Trump was elected, I have seen a blatant their home countries to the US. (CNN Politics) In ignorance in my own community. When hearing reality, the DV program aims to diversify the about certain injustices, people will pause for a immigrant population in the United States. Senate second and murmur ‘that’s terrible’ and move on Democrats originally created the Diversity Visa with their lives. They are dormant, and they are not Lottery in 1990 and the top receiving country under going to wake up until they are directly affected. I the program is Nepal. want to remind everyone that their opinion matters. If you are a citizen, vote for your state and local Furthermore, a new policy change at the United elections. There is no level of government that is States Citizens and Immigration Services is the next more directly responsible for serving your step toward what looks like a nationwide purge of community than your local elected officials. They non-citizens. On June 28 2018, the that non-citizens affect every aspect of your daily life including school (such as permanent residents and students with quality, rent costs, and public safety. If federal visas) who apply for a “benefit”, such as an extension representatives aren’t making progress in area that or change of status, a green card, or citizenship, you care about, it is the responsibility of local would be placed in deportation proceedings if that government to take action. And don’t ignore benefit is denied. Before this ruling, a criminal Americans who are being persecuted because you conviction would have been required for deportation wouldn’t want to feel ignored if the tables were to be an option. Now, merely losing your petition turned. I urge young people and permanent residents for visa extension will fast track you to deportation. to become activists in their local communities. Once in the process for deportation, the non-citizen Policies affect everyone so make sure you are being must prove he or she is eligible to stay in the United represented. States. A lawyer will not provided for those who

Sangalo 2018 25 Issue 18, Year 18 MAGNETARS

AYUG POUDEL

Before we start, I should explain what a neutron In 2004, scientists were struck by a massive blast star is. A neutron star is a star that had a mass from an object 50,000 light years away in the Milky anywhere from 3M (three times the mass of our Way Galaxy. This blast was caused by a Megaflare, sun) to 19M (19 times the mass of our sun). Stars and it was bigger than anything that has been that are smaller than 3M turn into something called observed before. In fact, it was the largest burst of white dwarfs. Stars that are bigger than 19M turn power ever recorded in our galaxy. Megaflares on into something called black holes. Usually, stars neutron stars only happen when so called “star with Bigger Masses turn into more powerful neutron quakes” occur. In this specific incident, the outer stars.Neutron stars are an interesting type of dead layer of the neutron star slipped half a centimeter stars because the different types each have different but since neutron stars hold the mass of stars in 20 things they can do. Radio pulsars release extremely km balls, they are super dense making the ½ powerful radio waves that bend space while traveling, centimeter slip powerful. It sent out a shockwave Millisecond pulsars spin so fast that they can spin that we observed halfway across the galaxy. thousands of times in one second, and last but not Scientists are now thinking about ways to harness least, Magnetars are the most powerful out of all the power of these Magnetars. If this is done right, neutron stars. we might get over billions and billions of times Well, what exactly are magnetars? Magnetars are a more energy from Magnetars than we do from coal type of neutron stars with extremely powerful and other man made fossil fuels. The possibilities magnetic attraction (like the name implies). Their of this new found energy source are looking like magnetic attraction is from 1000 trillion times more they are unlimited right now. powerful than Earth’s magnetic field to 1 million In conclusion, Magnetars are a recently discovered quintillion times more powerful then earth’s magnetic type of neutron star and hold a lot to learn. There’s field. They’re so powerful that they can swipe away still so much to learn about these interesting stars. your credit cards from over 100 million miles away, We're not exactly sure what makes Magnetars so and tear off your earrings from 50 million miles frighteningly magnetic, but they “Retire” after about away. If you got just a few million miles of it, the 10,000 years or so. They’re still extremely magnetic magnetism would be so intense that it would strip in that period and just as dense but they aren’t as the iron from your blood and stop heart function. bad.

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Sangalo 2018 26 Issue 18, Year 18 EARTHQUAKE OF 2015 NEPAL AGRANI BHUSAL

Buildings destroyed, cars crushed Streets are split, people aren’t chuffed. PRANISH PANTHA April 25, 2015, 11:56 disaster stroke. The sudden movement of the plates, A ground lurching and cracking country with an interesting Trails of destruction and hurting loved ones. past, Where nature A 7.9 earthquake took place, many died and wildlife will last, A lot were apprehensive, very dissatisfied. Where the Himalayas lie, The terrifying screams will always be haunting Reaching out Towards the sky, But the tragic moment will never be forgotten. Where else would I want to be, It’s a place where light can’t show Nepal is the place for me, There is so You’re trapped, you can’t breathe, much to see, and it won’t let you go! So many things are a part of me, The news is heard around the world I feel connected to Broken hearts and tears will spread throughout the globe. the people there, No- Its almost been 4 years, I still remember the chilling calls thing will say how much I received from loved ones. I care, I feel a sense of It was a catastrophe!! spiritual peace in mind, People’s houses came crumbling down Knowing of all the mysteries The overwhelming disaster brought so many frowns! will find, This place is my origin, We shall never forget about this tragic moment I can feel it from Within, A fine When the whole world was very heart broken. place to visit and live, Nepal has so much to give.

We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Balkrishna Upadhaya, Aakriti Bhattarai

Sangalo 2018 27 Issue 18, Year 18 THE FLAG OF NEPAL

NIRBIRODH TIMALSINA A flag is a sign that represents their country. Every represented the Royal house and the sun represented country has got a specific flag as their national the Rana family, also it represented Hinduism and symbol. The flags are mostly chosen by the Buddhism which are most of the population living government but sometimes it is chosen by the in Nepal but now a day's the meaning has been citizens. changed and modernized that the hope of the moon The Nepalese flag is the world's unique flag because and sun is Nepal will remain until that time the sun no other countries have a triangular shape that Nepal and moon remain in the sky. Also, the moon has. The flag was officially adopted, with the symbolizes the shades and cool weather of the formation of new constitutional government, on Himalayas which is on the upper part of Nepal. December 16, 1962. The flag was adopted after While, the sun symbolizes the heat and high Prithivi Narayan Shah unified all small principalities temperature at the lower part of Tarai Nepal. Which of Nepal which is in our history. Until 1962 the is created on the flag same as our real geography. moon and sun had human faces but they were Another interpretation: The shape of the flag removed to modernize the flag. represents our Himalayas from the right angles. The Nepalese flag is made out of multi combination Most of our temples are made out of pagoda style of colors and they have different meanings and which also indicates in our flag shape. symbols. Every color has a meaning; the border is In my opinion, the Nepalese flag has been blue that represents peace, cooperation and friendship introducing Nepal and the Nepalese people all over which is taught by Gautama Buddha. The the world. It is representing our culture, entity, background is crimson red that represents the brave history, religion and geography etc. Also, the Nepal sprits of Nepalese people, courage and our national flag is a dynamic document of Nepal and the flower rhododendron (Lali Gurans). The white color Nepalese people because it has been showing how is on the moon and sun which that color represents the Nepalese people are and how is Nepal in purity, honesty, perfection and sympathy. The moon symbolic reflection. We wish you all We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you All good things to you and your family and your family

Dr. Ramesh, Dr. Manisha & Suresh Sapkota & Mira Sapkota Raisa Mishra We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Nawa Raj Rimal

Sangalo 2018 28 Issue 18, Year 18 NEPAL DAY PARADE

SAVANNA ARYAL I am Savanna Aryal from North Carolina. In Raleigh because he was born in Nepal and is now considered and surrounding parts of North Carolina there is a a mentor. Mahadev and Parvathi were also there Nepalese association called NCNC. It stands for the because both of them meditated up in the Himalayas Nepalese Center of North Carolina. In this where it was peace and quiet. These Hindu gods and community, people come together as a family to goddesses are Nepalese people dressed up like real show that we are Nepalese people, help each other gods and goddesses. Music from Nepal was played in need and that we are proud to be Nepalese. The during the parade such as Nepalese drums and chimes. main purpose of NCNC is to keep the Nepalese After two miles of marching, the parade turned into tradition going on and to teach younger children a cultural program. We started the cultural program where we come. NCNC organizes lots of programs. with the national anthem from both countries. After There is one in particular that was very appealing to the national anthem the chief guests gave speeches me. It is called Nepal Day. The Nepalese people highlighting the importance of Nepal Day and Nepal. discussed about celebrating Nepal day for few years. After the speeches, the gods and goddesses danced Once it was finalized by the community, this was in traditional Nepalese followed by a dance from brought into discussion with the mayor of Morrisville different Nepalese people dressed up like different in 2016. In 2017 the Morrisville Mayor, Mark tribes in Nepal. There was also a dance called the Stohlman, proclaimed the third Saturday on April as Lakhe dance where there is a monster called a Lakhe Nepal day. This year in 2018, Wake County has also and the Lakhe is supposed to scare all the children declared Nepal Day. that go near him. The Lakhe has red hair and is So far NCNC held two Nepal Day parades. A week human but has a mask on. The Lakhe dances to a before the parade, we the volunteers, gatheredat a certain song that is made with drums and chimes place to make posters and the Nepalese and American and the music is made by people. At the park there flag for Nepal day. We spent at least two to three were a few stalls that were selling items from Nepal hours to make posters. A day before the parade, the such as a Khukuri (a big knife) and god and goddesses volunteers gathered again to decorate the truck that made of metal. They were also selling typical was used by other volunteers to carry the Hindu gods Nepalese foods and we the volunteers gave away and goddesses during the parade. water for free to the participants. Nepal is very unique This year at the parade, we gathered at Cedar Fork in its own ways. It is a landlocked country between Elementary in Morrisville, NC. We started distributing India and China. They have a great diversity of posters that we made last week along with the different ethnics groups in Nepal and have very American and Nepalese flag stickers to participators. beautiful landmarks such as Mount Everest or the The Panchakanyas (five young girls) welcomed the Swambhu. The capital of Nepal is Katmandu, where chief guests (the Nepalese ambassador) by giving there are lots of temples such as the Pashupati Nath, him a flower necklace made by real flowers. We also Bhaktapur Durbar Square, Patan square. Nepal Day welcomed the Mayor of Morrisville, Mr. T.J Crawley, is about acknowledging Nepal and telling people in and a few Wake County representatives. After Morrisville and also second generation Nepalese welcoming the chief guests and, we marched two people like me where Nepal is and teaches us the miles to Church Street Park. During the parade the culture of Nepal Without the help of our community gods and goddesses i.e Buddha, Mahadev and members and their hard work nothing is possible. Parvathi along with the Panchakanyas were carried (Third prize winner in Nepalese National Convention on the decorated truck. Buddha was in Nepal day Middle School writing contest, 2018) We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Suman Wosti & Family

Sangalo 2018 29 Issue 18, Year 18 WHY REST IN PEACE (RIP) AFTER DEATH?

DASHARATH LOHAR

“SARVE BHAVANTU SUKHINAH, bodily death is only temporary. On the day of the last SARVE SANTU NIRAMAYAH judgement, the dead will come alive in their physical SARVE BHADRANI PASHYANTU, MA body (the resurrection). Until then, the dead body is KASHCHIT DUKKHA BHAGBHAVET just resting.Thus, RIP is a common wish for the dead OM SHANTIH SHANTIHSHANTIH” in Abrahamic faiths. “May all be happy, may all be free from illness In Dharmikacultures (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, May all see goodness, may no one suffer Sikhism, etc.), the traditional wish for the OM peace peacepeace” JEEVATMA(not soul) of the dead body is to attain The above shloka, commonly known as SHANTI MOKSHA, MUKTI, NIRVANAor SAD GATI. mantra, is from ancient Upanishads. It is chanted MOKSHA/MUKTI/NIRVANA means freedom from usually at the end of Hindu rituals to wish peace for the cycle of birth and death (and union with the everyone. Peace has been recognized as the PARMATMA, BRAHMANA or nothingness). SAD GATI fundamental requirement for living healthy, happy means to obtain the higher status than the immediate and purposeful life since ancient times. In yet another past life. The use of RIP for the dead in Dharmika Vedic shloka, peace is wished not just for humans but cultures is a recent phenomenon, likely started by also for plants, water, sky, and so on. Without peace, English speaking people during British rule of the we cannot enjoy anything in life. If there is no peace, Indian sub-continent. The usage has now crept into we cannot enjoy our meal, music, sleep, or anything many other non-English languages of the sub-continent. else. Therefore, peace is needed right here when we JEEVATMAis a reflection of ATMA (which is eternal are still alive. No wonder ancient Hindu texts wish same as Brahmaor Parmatma)as influenced by subtle peace for everyone and everything since we really body, mind and intellect of a particular individual. need peacewhen we are alive. Why then it is popular JEEVATMA or ATMA as known by followers of to wish ‘Rest in Peace (RIP)’ after death? To know Dharmika traditions is not the same as SOUL in the answer, let’s know the historical context for the Abrahamic religions even though people literally use usage of RIP, and then analyze whether it makes sense soul for ATMA. The key distinction is that soul does to wish RIP for the dead. not re-incarnate, whereas JEEVATMA does. (Please Use of RIP for the dead is common in Christianity note that ATMA is neither born nor dies.) In Abrahamic and Judaism. One of the earliest uses of a phrase faiths, the fate of the body and soul is sealed at the similar to RIP was found on gravestones dating 2100 time of death, hell or heaven. For DharmikaJ years ago in the graveyard of Bet Shearim (in present EEVATMA, the cycle of birth and death continues until day Israel). The phrase in Hebrew, “Requiesce cat in KARMA is exhausted and MOKSHA/MUKTI/ pace” means ‘come and rest in peace’ probably because NIRVANAis achieved. There is no eternal hell or heaven the person did not have peace in his life time. A similar for JEEVATMA. The physical body is very earthly, expression was found in the catacombs of the early which does not have any further use for the JEEVATMA Christians. The phrase, ‘dormit in pace’ (‘he sleeps in after death. There is no resurrection in Dharmika peace’) indicated that ‘they died in the peace of the traditions.JEEVATMA does not have any sense organs Church’ since there was violence everywhere at the and mind after the death of the body. But peace can time. Thus, it appears that peace was an unfulfilled only be experienced through senses and mind. dream for the people living in that part of the world Therefore, wishing RIP for the dead does not make at that time. Therefore, the wish was that they would sense. be in peace at or after death. The phrase RIP is now Expressions are very much a reflection of the culture commonly found in tombs of Christians and is a and living conditions of the people in that culture. In popular expression in social media all over the world. Abrahamic faiths (originating in the Middle East), it Most likely the use of RIP has its origin in the Bible. appears that peace is the highest goal probably due to Bible refers to those dead in Christ as “those who are constant violence and war in that part of the world. asleep” (for example, 1 Corinthians 15:20, Acts 13:36, In Dharmika traditions, peace is not the highest but and in other places). According to Daniel 12:3, an the basic requirement to achieve other higher goals. angel speaks of Daniel’s death, saying, “you will rest”. Peace cannot be the ultimate goal and definitely not Again, Isaiah 57:2, “those who walk uprightly enter for the dead. Therefore, be mindful of what you want into peace, they find rest as they lie in death”. In to wish for a departed JEEVATMA next time. Abrahamic faiths (Christianity, Islam and Judaism), Sangalo 2018 30 Issue 18, Year 18 RICE PLANTATION IN THE LOWER CAPE FEAR, NORTH CAROLINA DR. NARAYAN B. RAJBHANDARI

Every time I drive through the Lower Cape Fear provincial and local offices. He was assistant justice River (LCFR) watershed in North Carolina (NC), of the General Court in 1732, a justice of the peace my eyes always catch the sign “Plantations.” Often, for in 1734, a commissioner for the in 1735, and I wonder if this sign is referring to pulpwood a member of the royal Council from 1734 until his production of paper industry or corn and soybean death in 1751. Because of his grand manner and his production for hog harm industries.However, I never reputation as a generous host, Roger was often delved into understanding its significance until this referred to as "King Roger."He was survived by his year, 2018, when my wife Nirmala’s eyes caught wife and five children. the sign again. My curiosity drove me to google Roger determined that his Kendall and Orton estates and was surprised to find information that has would be ideal for rice production based on the fact symbiotic relationship with my daily eating grain, LCFR is a low-lying marshland bordered by fresh rice. It is rice plantation that is being practiced since tidal water. The soils were rich, reasonably flat and more than 300 years ago in the watershed. The highly fertile. However, developing a rice field “Plantations” sign literally stands for the estates of proved to be herculean task. To begin with, the Orton, Kendall, Lilliput, Pleasant Oaks, and marshland was inhibited by many old and tall trees; Belvedere. Rice was a major economic drive for of which had to be cleared. these plantations for roughly 100 years (1731 – Additionally, levees and dams had to be built before 1830). Only Orton Plantation still stands in the the rice was panted. This was done to flood the area. watershed for promoting rice. In the memory of its During growing season,the rice field was needed to historic revolution, NC Rice Festival is celebrated dam up the river to allow the crops to continue to every year in September with food, fun, art, crafts, flourish.Consequently, he brought in nearly 250 educational activities, and live music at the slaves from South Carolina to do laborious work. Brunswick Riverwalk Park in Belville. Majority of these slaves werebrought from West Evolution of Rice in North Carolina Africa where the natives had been raising rice for The practice of harvesting rice in NC started several hundred years. By the 1690s, planters who afterRoger Moore, son of and grandson of , and had settled in South Carolina had purchased these his family moved from the to southeastern in 1724, enslaved persons directly from West Africa for and started taking a notable interest in development planting rice. They knew how to prepare fields and of the LCFR area. He joined with his brothers, how to grow, harvest and use rice. Colonel and Nathaniel, to seek land grants in the After Roger, several planters practiced planting rice area. By 1727 Roger accumulated more than seven at the adjoining lands of the LCFRin Brunswick thousand acres and built a fine plantation house County and Hanover County. The plantation north called “Kendall.” Four years later he expanded his of Kendall is Lilliput, which wasgranted in 1725 to plantation house to nearly twenty-five thousand Eleazer Allen, an educated gentleman and native of acres. Approximately twenty years later he built a Massachusetts. Next above Lilliput is the plantation one-story plantation house called at a magnificent called Pleasant Oaks, granted to the widow of John site overlooking the river near Brunswick town. Moore, (another brother of Maurice and Roger) in Beside 1728. Then came Belvidere, owned by Col. Wm. plantations, Dry, and later by Governor Ben Smith. This place Roger was is nearly opposite the City of Wilmington. also active During the colonial periods, rice was established politically in as a major crop for the colonists in North Carolina. the Lower The planters shipped more than 300 tons of American Cape Fear rice, popularly known as “Carolina Gold Rice,” to regions. He England. They were producing more rice than there held several were ships to carry it.

Sangalo 2018 31 Issue 18, Year 18 Downturn of Rice in North Carolina find strains of rice that will thrive in the river basin. It appears that the following four circumstances Last year, he planted nearly 40 acres on the most affected the historical market of rice in NC. promising soil. First, the end of civil war in 1865 brought almost Bacon, a Raleigh native and a direct descendent of total chaos to the plantersdue to sudden regulation “King” Roger Moore, now hopes to restore the rice of of slaves.The planters then faced two major fields. He says that his effort to restoring the fields problems. They were securing adequate resources is for honoring the African slaves who built it and to finance the crop and arriving at a suitable work made it economically viable in the Cape Fear. arrangementwith Rice Festivals in North Carolina the emancipated Every year in the month of September, Rice Festival slaves.Borrowing is observed at Brunswick Riverwalk in Belville, was the planters’ celebrating historical evolution of rice plantations only financial in the LCFR. The month of September was selected recourse; however, to mark the end of rice harvesting.In contract, Nepal the excessive celebrated rice planting on June/July to mark the interest rate— start of planting. sometimes as high This year marks the fifth annual North Carolina as 2½ to 3 percent Rice Festival. There will be more fun with foods, per month— arts and crafts, educational activities, and live music virtually deprived them of rice planting interest to celebrate the rich history of rice cultivation in among the major owners of Orton, Kendall, Lilliput, the LCFR.Mouthwatering dishes such as shrimp Belvedere, and Pleasant Oaks. Consequently, the gumbo, red beans and rice, creole dirty rice, and rice plantations on the LCFR went largely unplanted. rice pudding will be served at the festival.The The only rice reported was that in small patches competitive ‘Rice Cook-off’ is one of the highlights here and there, cultivated by slavesfor themselves. of the festival with awards given out for seafood, Second, during the colonial period, a new industry, meat, and vegetable rice combinations, along with Naval stores such as tar, pitch, and turpentine, began dessert recipes. to emerge as a potential economic growth and Nevertheless, there will not be any vendors immediate returns on the planters’ investment. Rice, or volunteers to serve beer or liquor during the however, seems to have occupied a strong secondary celebration. Interested participants may have to step position in the economy in the LCFR from the over to nearby beer garden.In Nepal, during the beginning. festival, participants are usually feast with dahi- Third, downsizeof commercial rice production came chiura (Yogurt and beaten rice) withlocally brewed in the late 1800s, when a series of large hurricanes alcohol. They also sing and dance to the local cultural damaged the old rice fields beyond repair in the tunes and partake in competition in sowing of rice LCFR. saplings. Many of them also play with mud with Fourth, competition from established rice growers friends and families. in Arkansas, California, Louisiana, Texas, Missouri Conclusion and Mississippi and other states in the Deep South Miles of rice fields along the bank of the Cape Fear caused growing rice in the Cape Fear River to River was a major economic driver for plantations fail.Farmers in these states produce more than 20 such as Orton, Kendall, Lilliput, Pleasant Oaks, and billion pounds of rice each year, according to USA Belvedere for roughly 100 years (approx. 1731 – Rice Federation. While the NC planters do not 1830). Only Orton Plantation still stands. Due to contribute much to the commercial rice industry, it the fact thatrice cultivation during this period was is however important to remember their revolutionary very labor intensive, hundreds of slaves were brought efforts of planting rice in the river basin. in to work the fields. In honor of their sacrifices, Given the difficulties, the Orton plantation owner the Orton Plantation owner are still trying to restore has not given up planting rice in the LCFR. Five the historic rice field in the LCFR. years ago, workers planted about 200 acres of rice The information stated above comes from my along the river. The rice plants, however, could not curiosity to understand and was acquired through be established well due to insects, cutworms, and limited resources. Interested readers may have more salty and acidic soil. Since then, DillonEpp,who information. They are most welcome to share, manages the property, has overseen an effort to comment, and/or suggest in this matter. improve the soil, reduce the threat of disease and

Sangalo 2018 32 Issue 18, Year 18 NEW FEDERAL STRUCTURE OF NEPAL New constitution of Nepal was promulgated in 2015 State 4: Population - 2,413,907; Area 21,504 sqkm; September 20. According to the new constitution, Proposed name: Gandaki; Proposed Capital: Pokhara following administrative divisions are to be Districts - 10 and ½ (Gorkha, Lamjung, Tanahun, established. Kaski, Manang, Mustang, Parbat, Syangja, Myagdi, Baglung, Nawalparasi - east of BardaghatSusta) New States/ Provinces Seven federal states are formed in Nepal removing old 14 zones and 5 development regions. Old 75 districts are kept as it is (but with much less role). However, two districts among them (Nawalparasi & Rukum) are divided and assigned to two different provinces, which effectively made total 77 districts in Nepal. Name and permanent capital city of the provinces will be given by 2/3 majority of the province's legislative.

The new 7 states are as follows: State 5: Population - 4,891,025; Area - 22,288sq State 1: Population - 4,534,943; Area - 25,905 sq km; Possible name: Lumbini; Temporary Capital: km; Possible name: Sagarmatha; Temporary Rupendehi Capital:Biratnagar Districts - 10 and two ½ (Nawalparasi - west of Districts-14 (Taplejung,Panchthar, Ilam, BardaghatSusta, Rupandehi, Kapilvastu, Palpa, Sankhuwasabha, Terhathum, Dhankuta, Bhojpur, Arghakhanchi, Gulmi, Rukum- eastern part, Rolpa, Khotang, Solukhumbu, Okhaldhunga, Udayapur, Pyuthan, Dang, Banke, Bardiya) Jhapa, Morang, Sunsari) State 2: Population - 5,404,145; Area - 9,661 sq km; State 6: Population - 1,168,515; Area - 27,984 sqkm; Possible name: Madhesh/Mithila/ Central Madhesh, Name: Karnali (State legislature approved Name & Temporary Capital: Janakpur Capital on Feb 24, 2018; Capital: Birendranagar Districts - 8 (Saptari, Siraha, Dhanusha, Mahottari, Districts - 9 and ½ (Rukum - western part, Salyan, Sarlahi,R autahat, Bara, Parsa) Dolpa, Jumla, Mugu, Humla, Kalikot, Jajarkot, Dailekh, Surkhet) State 3: Population - 5,529,452; Area - 20,300 sqkm; Possible name: Central/ Kathmandu; Temporary State 7: Population - 2,552,517; Area 19,539sq km; Capital: Hetauda Possible name: Far West/Mahakali; Temporary Capital: Dhangadhi Districts - 13 (Dolakha, Ramechhap, Sindhuli, Kavrepalanchok, Sindhupalchok, Rasuwa, Nuwakot, Districts – 9 (Bajura, Bajhang,Doti, Achham, Dhading, Chitwan, Makawanpur, Bhaktapur, Lalitpur, Darchula, Baitadi, Dadeldhura, Kanchanpur, Kailali) Kathmandu)

Sangalo 2018 33 Issue 18, Year 18 AN OPEN LETTER

PHOEBE PRADHAN

“Every life is in many days, day after day. We walk I would prop myself against the window of my through ourselves, meeting robbers, ghosts, giants, grandmother’s bedroom and curiously watch your old men, young men, wives, widows, brothers-in- silhouette emerge through the shadows. More often love, but always meeting ourselves.” than not, I was lulled back to sleepby thesoothing By facilitating the potential for straight-forward rhythm of your pedaling; Rubber wheels churning dialogue and powerful prose, open letters have upon the earth like droplets of rain falling softly become an increasingly popular narrative style in from the sky. recent years.What follows is an open letter to a Through the passage of time and keen observation, street child I encountered during my upbringing in I eventually learned that your early-morning sojourns Kathmandu, Nepal. Unbeknownst to me at the time, were borne out of desperation; This was only time these transient encounters would fundamentally of day you could forage through the streets for mold my perception of the world and our collective scraps of food or clothes without enduring a barrage role within it. of abuse from onlookers.One day, you abruptly As a heatwave rippled through Kathmandu, I disappeared, and a reverberating, paralyzing silence languished against the window of my grandmother’s replaced the comforting sound of your bicycle home, torpidly watching people drift through the approaching in the distance. Soon after, I moved to dilapidated street below. I first spotted you amidst America but never forgot about you. To this day, I the crowd. You were abjectly poor with your clothes try to imagine that you miraculously found a loving tattered and dirtied, but you nonetheless boasted a a family and no longer had to roam the streets to scathingly radiant smile. As I observed you more survive. Unfortunately, I am painfully aware that closely, I realized how frail and gaunt you really the circumstances of your absence are most likely were. Concerned, I somehow evaded the watchful far more sinister than that. eye of my grandmother and slipped outside to offer Throughout your life you were forced to wear your you some water. Before I made it past the main social status like a scarlet letter while most people entrance, a perceptiveneighbor seized me and had the luxury of taking a fleeting glance in your exhorted “Stop! He’s a vagrant, he’s wretched.His direction and swiftly turning away. Those fleeting suffering is his own.” Startled by this exchange, moment have immeasurably shaped who I am today. you dolefully staggered away. As a timid child, I did not have the power or courage As Fate willed it, that was not the lasttime that I to help alleviate your suffering. As an adult with saw or thought about you. You gradually cemented more autonomy, I am determined to, metaphorically- yourself in my consciousness throughan speaking, provide the proverbial water to anyone idiosyncraticritualof riding a dilapidatedbicycle, in need. Your presence in my life taught me that we your most prized possession,acrossthe city each have an opportunity every single day to decide the morning.Shrouded in the soft grey shadow of dawn, kind of world we want to live in.

We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family

Shaivi, Kavya, Dipendra & Dr. Archana Lamichhane

Sangalo 2018 34 Issue 18, Year 18 US-NEPAL ECONOMIC RELATIONSHIPS & TRADE & INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN NEPAL KAILASH RAJ POKHAREL 1. US Nepal Diplomatic and Economic Relations mountain flights, historical sites visits. Nepal enjoys smooth bilateral relations with USA Similarly, over 11,000 Nepalese students are studying based on friendship, mutual respect and cooperation in USA in 2017. between two countries. Exchange of visits and This shows that Nepal- USA bilateral relation covers interactions at various levels helped promote and multi faceted dimensions which need to be further strengthen bilateral relations. Nepal – USA strengthened in the days to come. diplomatic relations was established on April 25, 2. Trade and Investment Opportunities in Nepal 1947. Nepal established its Embassy in Washington Nepal is strategically located between two large and DC on February 3, 1958. American Embassy in rapidly growing economies – China and India – Kathmandu was opened on August 6, 1959. USA with easy access to markets of more than 2.6 billion continuously provided development assistance to people. Nepal has duty free and open border access Nepal ever since the establishment of diplomatic to India and duty free access to China, quota free relations. In recent years, annual bilateral US duty free access to EU under Everything but Arms economic assistance through the USAID ranges (EBA) arrangements which provided significant between US $75 to $80 million. In addition, US market access to Nepalese products abroad. government pledged US $ 130 million during the Nepal has provided various incentive packages to “International Conference on Nepal’s attract domestic and foreign investors including Reconstruction” held in Kathmandu in June 2015 Nepalese Diaspora. Duty and tax free arrangements for the reconstruction and rehabilitation works of in the region as a Member of South Asian Free Nepal after the devastating earthquake of April Trade Area (SAFTA) and the Bay of Bengal Initiative 2015. Recently, USA has provided USD 500 million for Multi Sectoral Technical and Economic Millennium Challenge Corporations (MCC) grant Cooperation (BIMSTEC) Free Trade Agreement assistance for the development of energy and have been made to attract FDI. The government of transportation sector. Nepal is committed to continuously improve Trade and Investment Framework Agreement (TIFA) investment environment in the country and open to was signed on April 15, 2011 with the objectives discuss with investors for this matter. of expanding of trade, investment and technical Nepal is the land of fresh and flowing water. The cooperation and strengthening economic relations topography and abundant water resources give rise between the two countries. Both countries are having to vast untapped hydropower potential. To tap the bilateral dialogue every year under this mechanism. Himalayas, as this is the highest mountain range on In 2017, Nepal exported USD 87 million worth of Earth, and 8 of the world’s 10 highest peaks, Nepalese products to USA and imported USD 82 combined with unique cultural heritage, creating million worth of products from USA. Nepal’s major potential for tourism. In addition, incredibly rich export items are carpets, garments, handicrafts, biodiversity creates potential in agriculture and pashmina and major import items are soybeans, medicinal and aromatic plant research. mechanical parts, medical and surgical equipments, In terms of trade relations with USA, US has recently laboratory regents, dry foods. provided Nepal a duty free facilities for 77 Nepalese The FDI from USA to Nepal up to FY 2015-16 products into the US market by a separate Act called reached USD 72 million with 334 businesses “Trade Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act of registered during the period for organic vegetables, 2015” through December, 2025. solar energy, garments, data outsourcing, pet food, Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement cement, coffee, consultancy services, restaurants, (BIPPA) has been signed with 6 countries - Finland, hotels. India, Germany, Mauritius, United Kingdom, and In 2017, 80,000 tourists travel Nepal from USA France and double Taxation Avoidance Agreement which is 8.2% of total tourist arrivals of Nepal. signed with Austria, China, India, Korea, Mauritius, Major tourism activities for US tourist in Nepal are Norway, Pakistan, Qatar, Sri Lanka and Thailand trekking/hiking, expeditions, biking, bungee to help attracting investment and ease the taxation jumping, rock climbing, para -gliding, water rafting, matter. Nepal is also a member of Multilateral Sangalo 2018 35 Issue 18, Year 18 Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) of the World Ministry of Health. An investor is free to manage Bank Group and the Member of World Trade land under a registered company. They can open Organization (WTO). bank account in foreign currency. Visa is provided 3. Brief Scenario of FDI in Nepal for longer period of time for investors. Nepal has received USD 2 billion FDI in 2016 for 5. US – Nepal Trade Scenario 3,870 businesses. The top five countries for FDI are Nepal’s Trade with the world totaled $660 million China (1110), India (658), USA (341), South Korea in 2015, with leading exports of spices, carpets, (311) and Japan (229). Out of which, remarkable yarns, apparel, clothing accessories, and fruit juices. portion of FDI is seen in Infrastructure (energy, As the export trade with the United States nearly telecommunication) and also in manufacturing sector. $87 million in 2017, the export items are limited as Approximately 58% of commitment for FDI is carpets, apparel, and clothing accessories. The found in hydro-power sector. The next is service country has significantly lower tariffs on imports sector (banking, insurance, hotels/restaurants and and offers investors and those looking for new education) considered most attractive business for sources of supply affordable labor, high profitability FDI. Almost all banking, financing and insurance margins, lower land cost. a Nepal also enjoys companies operating in Nepal under FDI are running preferential duty free treatment in a number of in profit. Approximately 50% out of 10 major tax developed-country markets. The newest is the U.S.- payer companies are under FDI. Nepalese Diaspora Nepal Trade Preferences for 77 products for a period is much potential source of investment in Nepal. of 10 years through December 31, 20125. This does Nepal hosted a Nepal Investment Summit in 2017 not need annual renewal like in GSP scheme. Various in its Capital Kathmandu where 775 total delegates 77 products of Nepal is now eligible duty free in including 285 foreign delegates participated. Twenty US borders which importers can save duty ranges six companies of 8 countries from China, India, from 3.3% to 20%. The 77 products include carpets, Bangladesh, Japan, UK, Sri Lanka, and Nepal signed hats and gloves, handbags, pocket good, luggage Letter of Intent (LOI). Pledged amount was USD and attaché cases, travel bags, headbands and needle 13.7 billion for 48 pledges in 10 sectors. LOI covers crafts kits, shawls, scarf’s and travel blankets. sectors such as hydropower, wind and solar plant, 6. Challenges and further Potentials in Trade hospital, Metro, Airports, Tunnel Roads, Tourism relations and Agriculture infrastructure, pulp and paper, food Current Nepal’s export to USA is very small. The processing, manufacturing, mining and minerals. number of exports items are very limited and This shows that Nepal is the next destination for diversification to new items, based on our strength investment. (niche products, packaging, branding) have not been 4. Doing Business in Nepal explored. Example: Nepal’s tea dust goes to Sri Foreign entities can own 100% of a business almost Lanka, packed nicely, branded as Sri Lankan Tea in all sectors in Nepal. The minimum amount and comes to the US market. Nepalese tea dust required for FDI is USD 50,000. Any FDI require directly comes to US in a very minimum quantity. approval either from Department of Industry (DOI) The possibilities of export of bulky items carrying or from the Investment Board of Nepal (IBN). Any through ships are limited due to high transportation project exceeding USD 20 million is handled by cost and far destination. Air cargo is expensive. The IBN, while smaller sized projects need approval low scale of export items decreases the from DOI. Any Company can be registered as private competitiveness in the market. Recently provided limited company or public limited company in 77 duty free items are not explored much for possible Company Registrar Office. Similarly, any enterprises exports items (travel bags, suitcase) based on product need to register for tax in Inland Revenue Department specific study of competitiveness. Perceived sense and get Permanent Account Number (PAN). of weak investment environment, weak governance, Enterprises over USD 50,000 turnover need VAT corruption, many documents requirements also registration as well. All businesses should get licenses hampers the trader’s mindset. from respective agencies, which are: for Bank and However, in a changing political context of Nepal, financial institutions- Nepal Rastra Bank ( central there are hopes rebounded in Nepal. Businesses are Bank of Nepal), for Hotels/restaurants- Tourism excited to increase their investment. Government Ministry, for Food- Department of Food Technology has come up with increasing production strategies and Quality Control, for Pharmaceuticals- with a commitment to facilitate businesses through Department of Drug Management, for Hydropower- recently announced budget. Nepal is likable country Department of Electricity Development, for in USA. Market is available for any products that Education- Ministry of Education and for Health- are competitive. In USA, Nepal is identified as a Sangalo 2018 36 Issue 18, Year 18 typical country with natural beauty, high mountains countries for hydropower, tunnels, railways and including Everest, over 100 ethnic cultures, organic cross border highways. Government of Nepal is potentials, traditional handicrafts, low weight high initiating such projects with possible collaboration priced items. Nepal’s exporters should be aware of with private sectors. US Small and medium type vast US market which demands large scale quantity, investors are not much aware and confident of continuous supply chain and quality. Therefore, investing in Nepal due to distance, transportation product- wise deep study is needed to know exactly hurdles, lack of trusted business partner, and limited the situation of competitiveness and possibility of information about the country. export potentials of each product. Nepal’s exporters However, there are immense opportunities moving may think of diversify their products a bit and forward. US – Nepal bilateral Trade and Investment explore the possibility of large scale exports under mechanism (TIFA) is in place and is regular in 77 items, for example Travel good items such as meeting recent years. This mechanism encourages bags, suitcase, blankets can be made in Nepal with dialogue at government and private sector level, USA technology and investment and be exported particularly for the understanding of the investment to USA. Other countries in our region like china, related issues such as labor, tax, land, intellectual India should pay duty up to 17% for these items. property rights, customs, quality control, settlement Nepal Embassy in USA can disseminate information of disputes. Large scale regional projects connecting to US companies and traders and Ministry of Nepal, India, and Bangladesh in energy and Commerce can do the same in Nepal. Nepal Embassy transportation sector are possible and these may be in USA can do more with increased resources of interest for larger American companies to invest reaching out to US cities. E-commerce is potential in Nepal. Companies operating in China and India for Nepal to sale items online- Amazon, Ali Baba could be the target for Nepal which Nepal Embassies type of companies can operate in Nepal. For this, in Beijing, New Delhi and Washington DC can have Nepal Rastra bank should make e-payment system joint information system network for tapping such easier. Ministry of Commerce should prepare a companies. Tourism, health and education sectors situation paper so that Embassies can play role to are the potential sectors for US investment in Nepal. reach out companies to attract. The Investment Summit in 2017 in Kathmandu enhanced the confidence of investors to look at 7. Challenges and further Potentials in Investment Nepal. Nepalese Diaspora may come forward to relations contribute in knowledge and technology transfer Globally, Nepal is still facing challenge for provided Nepal create a right platform such as Think investment due to various reasons, political, Tank institutions and access to policy dialogue for bureaucratic, governance and corruption. Global Nepal’s brain abroad to discuss various policy and indicators such as Doing Business Indicators, technological related issues. Small and medium size Corruption Index are still not supportive. USA is a investors in USA may be attracted in niche products, far destination for Nepal. The possibility of US Himalayan branded items, agro- forestry products investment in bulky products for US domestic market (tea, coffee, herbs, ginger). Outreach to US is limited due to distance and high transportation companies is a must to let them know about Nepal’s cost. Therefore, product selection for US investment recent positive development in political, business is very important. Nepalese Diaspora in USA has environment, opportunities in Nepal where Embassy interest in investment in Nepal but they are still in can play role to disseminate information, reach out wait and see mode. Larger scale regional cross investment and traders in vast US market across the border type of projects has not yet fully realized for 50 states. larger scale investment that connects neighboring We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family John Paudel & Family

Sangalo 2018 37 Issue 18, Year 18 ANTHONY BOURDAIN

SHREYA KUNWAR

On June 8th, 2018, Anthony Bourdain was found the world, and The Nasty Bits (2006) another book dead in his hotel room after committing suicide by centering his food. Because of Bourdain's book hanging. So Today I'm going to tell you about the Kitchen Confidential, the food network offered him biography of this amazing celebrity chef. a chance to host his own food and world-travel show, called A Cook' Tour which premiered in Anthony Michael Bourdain was born on July 25th, January 2002 and ran for 35 episodes, through 2003. 1956, in New York City. He had a younger brother After that Bourdain premiered other television series named Christopher Bourdain and they were the son such as No Reservations (2005–2012), The Layover of Pierre Bourdain (an executive for Columbia (2011–2013), and Parts Unknown (2013–2018). Records) and Gladys Bourdain (a staff editor for The New York Times). Bourdain spent most of his Bourdain married Nancy Putkoski his high school childhood in Leonia, New Jersey. Thanks to his girlfriend in 1985. They stayed together for two parents Bourdain developed a devotion to literature decades, divorcing in 2005. Later he married Ottavia and rock music. Bourdain attended Vassar College Busia in 2007. In that same year, the couple's for two years and then graduated from the world- daughter, Ariane, was born. In 2018 he was found renowned Culinary Institute of America in 1978. dead in his hotel room. He died of suicide by hanging. Bourdain was working on an episode of From there he began running kitchens of New York Parts Unknown in nearby Strasbourg. Bourdain's restaurants such as the Supper Club, One-Fifth mother, Gladys Bourdain, told The New York Times: Avenue and Sullivan's. In 1989 he became the "He is absolutely the last person in the world I would executive chef at Brasserie Les Halles. Bourdain have ever dreamed would do something like this." remained the head chef for many years until Les CNN issued a statement, saying that Bourdain's Halles closed after filing for bankruptcy in 2017. "talents never ceased to amaze us and we will miss While working at these restaurants, Bourdain him very much." Former U.S. President Barack published his book Kitchen Confidential: Adventures Obama, who dined with Bourdain in Vietnam on in the Culinary Underbelly (2000), a New York an episode of Parts Unknown, wrote on Twitter, Times bestseller, which was an expansion of his "He taught us about food—but more importantly, 1999 New Yorker article "Don't Eat Before Reading about its ability to bring us together. To make us a This." A sequel to the book, Medium Raw: A Bloody little less afraid of the unknown." Valentine to the World of Food and the People Who Cook, was published in 2010. After a few days from His death fans paid tribute to him outside his now-closed former place Bourdain wrote two more bestselling nonfiction of employment, Brasserie Les Halles. And this is books- A Cook's Tour (2001) which was a book the story of how a loved celebrity chef took his own talking about his food and travel experiences around life. We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Lokendra Chanda & Family

Sangalo 2018 38 Issue 18, Year 18 LIFE IN NEPAL

HISHI ULAK The himalayan mountains enclose the scattered Groups of friends wander the streets abodes, laughing as they go, While the radiant sun wakes from its long sleep Wearing masks to filter out the dust the drivers cast Tempos and motorcycles start to roam Tourists pose in front of the hills for a photo on the never ending roads As the sun sets along the fiery horizon at last As birds hum with the harmony of barks and beeps Lights ignite underneath the pitch-black sky The motion of lives begins without delay As cars call it a day on the never ending roads And the temples slowly become covered in the Stray dogs lay and watch the people pass by morning light And the himalayan mountains As everybody goes his or her own ways, protect the scattered abodes. Pigeons land for food but soon take flight

Sangalo 2018 39 Issue 18, Year 18 ;DkfbsLo ;Fufnf]sf] c7f/f}F c+s oxfFx?sf] xftdf cfOk'u]sf] 5 . :yfkgfsf ] lx;fan ] Pg;LPg;Lsf ] pd/] sl/a aL; jif{ ;ufnfF ] gkfn] ;G6/] cem gy { Sof/fnfOgf] -Pg;LPg;L_ x'Fb}5, t/ gy{ Sof/f]nfOgfsf] 6«ofËn If]qdf g]kfnL sf] jflif{s d'vkq xf] . ;Fufnf] Pg;LPg;Ln] jif{e/L ;d'bfosf] a;f]af;sf] Oltxf; Tof] eGbf w]/} nfdf] u/]sf ultljlwx? / efjL of]hgfx? cfkm\gf ;b:o / 5 . of ] cjlwdf xfdf| ] ;dbfosf' ;b:ox?n ] ;fdflhs, z'elrGtsx?nfO{ cflwsf/Ls ?kdf Psd'i7 hfgsf/L ;f:s+ lts,[ kzfut] / cflys{ ?kdf /fd }| km8sf\ ] df/sf] u/fpg ] dfWod xf ] . ;ufnfF ,] gy { Sof/fnfOgf] cem vf; 5g\, cfkm"nfO{ :yflkt ug]{ / ;d'bfosf] OHht /fVg] u/L 6ofËn« Ifq] / j/k/ a;faf;] ug {] gkfnL] ;dbfosf' y'k|} sfd xfd|f ;b:ox?af6 ePsf 5g\ . oL cg'ej / pknAwLx?nfO { ksfz| kfg {] / tL pknAwL / ;kmntfsf pknAwLx?nfO{ klg xfdLn] ;Fufnf]df lgoldt ?kdf syfx?af6 ;d'bfosf cGo ;b:ox?nfO{ pTk|]l/t ug]{ k|:t't ub}{ cfPsf 5f}F . o:tf cg'ej / pknAwLn] ynf] klg xf] . ;Fufnf] xfd|f] pknAwL / l;sfOx?sf] ;d'bfonfO{ uf}/jflGjt t agfp5 g}, Tof] eGbf klg clenvLs/0f] xf,] gy { Sof/fnfOgfdf] gkfnL] ;dbfosf' a9L efjL k:tfnfO' { pTkl/t]| agfp5F . o; csdf+ xfdLn] ;b:ox?sf cg'ej, cg'e"lt / ;flxlTos l;h{gfx? ld; g]kfn o'lge;{sL ljh]tf ;d'bfos} r]nL dlgtf ;dl6Psf] 5g \ . ;ufnfF ] efjgfdf bz] afsL] lx8F g\ ] kjf;L| b]jsf]6f / o'P; ldln6/Ldf ;]jf ug]{ ^ efO ;fx;L gkfnx?n] ] agfPsf ] ældgL gkfnÆ] bvfpg] ] sNr/ dfhfOs] 5f]/fx?nfO{ k|:t't u/]sf 5f}F . xf ] hxf F ljljwtfdf Pstfsf ] ;Gbz] kltljlDat| / 3lget" ;ufnfF nfO] { xfdL xfd }| ;dbfosf' ] cfjfhsf ] ;ufnfF ] klg 5 . agfpg rfxG5f F} . o; csdf+ xfdLn ] ;dbfosf' ;b:ox?n] g]kfn ;]G6/ ckm gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf ljut !( jif{b]lv gy{ Sof/f]nfOgfsf] 6«ofËn If]q / j/k/ a;f]af; ug]{ Pg;LPg;LnfO { ;asf} ] / ;jn Pg;LPg;L s;/L agfpg g]kfnLx? aLr lqmofzLn u}/ gfkmfd"ns ;fd'bflos ;lsPnf eg/] /fo ;nUgtfsf+ ] cfwf/df oL kltlgwLd| ns" ;+:yf xf] . g]kfnL d"nsf :yfgLo ;d'bfonfO{ Pslqt cfjfhx?n] Pg;LPg;Lsf] k|ltlaDa k|:t't u/]sf] 5 / kf/L cfk;L ;DaGwnfO{ ;'dw'/ ug]{, k|jf;df g]kfnL lbzflgbz{] ;dt] u/sf] ] 5 . ;ufnfF sf] ] lgoldt k:t| ltsf' ] snf ;+:s[lt, efiff / klxrfgnfO{ k|aw{g ug]{, k/]sf] ?kdf o; csdf+ klg ;dbfos' } ;b:ox?sf l;hgfx?{ anf] bzleq] of aflx/ /xsf] gkfnLx?nfO] { ;xofu] ug{] k|:t't u/]sf 5f}F . oL syf, sljtf, cg'e"lthGo / / cdl/sfdf] gkfnL] ;dbfonfO' { ælelhjn dfOgfl/6LÆ] hfgsf/Ldns" nv/rgfx?] ;dbfosf' ] ;b:ox?sf nflu sf ] ?kdf :yflkt ug { kxn ug {] g } ;:yfsf+ dVo' p2Zo] 1fga4s{ / dgf/~hgo] Qm' xg' 5g] \ eGg ] ckIff] ul/Psf] xg' \ . Pg;LPg;L Ps :jo;+ jL] ;fdflhs ;:yf+ ePsfn] ] 5 . ;Lldt ;fwg, ;|f]t / ;d'bfosf] ;xeflutf g} of] ;ufnfF sf] ] of ] c7f/f F} cs+ tof/ kf//] oxfx?sfF ] xft;Dd ;+:yfsf] ;kmntfsf] d"ndGq xf] . g]kfnL ;d'bfosf] NofOk'¥ofpg] qmddf xfdLnfO{ w]/} kIfaf6 w]/} ;xof]u 3gTj o; If]qdf a9];Fu} Pg;LPg;Lsf] ;b:ox?sf] k|fKt ePsf] 5 . Pg;LPg;L sfo{ ;ldltsf] dfu{bz{g, ;+Vofdf klg pNn]Vo j[l4 ePsf] 5 . ljutdf em}F o; n]vs–;|i6fx?sf] n]v /rgf, ljlzi6 JolQmTjx?sf] jif{ klg Pg;LPg;Ln] ;d'bfodf efOrf/f a9fpg], zesfdgf,' lj1fkgbftfx?sf ] dfof oL ;a } ;a } sf/0fn] g]kfnL efiff ;+:s[ltsf] k|a4{g ug]{, g]kfnLsf] ubf{ xfd|f] ;fd'lxs k|of;df ;Fufnf] of] ?kdf cfPsf] ;fdflhs–;f:s+ lts[ klxrfgnfO { km/flsnf ] kfg {] / cGo 5 . ksfzgsf| ] p2Zo] cg;f/' ;dfrf/, ljrf/, ;flxTo, nf]ssNof0fsf/L sfdx? ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . bf];|f] kfljlws| nv] cflb ljljw ;fdfuL| ;d6] /] of ] ;ufnfF nfO] { k:tfnfO' { gkfnL] efiff / ;:s+ lt[ l;sfpg Pg;LPg;Ln] ;s];Dd q'l6/lxt / ?lrk"0f{ agfpg] k|of; ul/Psf] cfkmgf\ ] kfyldstfsf| ] sfoqmdsf{ ] ?kdf gkfnL] kf7zfnf 5 . oBlk o;df s]xL sdLsdhf]/Lx? /x]sf xf]nfg\ . ;+rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{b]lv 6fpg ckm To;df xfdL ;Dkfbs d08nsf tkm{af6 Ifdf dfl/l:enn] ] clknsf| ] t;] f| ] zlgaf/nfO { gkfn] 8sf] ] ?kdf rfxG5f}F . cfufdL c+sdf ;'wfg]{ k|lta4tf ;lxt dgfpg yfn]sf]df o; jif{ j]s sfpG6Ln] ;d]t ;f]xL kf7sjuaf6{ ;emfjsf' ] ckIff] ub5f{ F} . cGTodf gkfnLx?sf] ] lbgnfO { gkfn] 8 ] sf ] ?kdf dgfpg ] cflwsfl/s 3fif0ff] ;f:s+ lts[ kj { ljhof bzdL / ze' lbkfjnL @)!* sf] u/]sf] 5 . of] Pg;LPg;L / o; e]sdf a;f]af; ug]{ cj;/df xflb{s z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}F . g]kfnL ;d'bfosf] nflu Pp6f lgs} 7"nf] P]ltxfl;s pknAwL xf] .

Sangalo 2018 40 Issue 18, Year 18 sª\uf]df g]kfnL Jofkf/L

gu]Gb| Gof}kfg] sª\uf]sf] lsG;f;f k'u]sf] s]xL lbgkl5 Ps hgf pgsf] ;f]wfOdf :g]xsf efjx¿ cfO/x]sf lyP . sª\uf]nL dlxnf;Fu d]/f] /fd|} ldqtf x'g k'Uof] . oyfy{ n'sfpg'kg]{ cfjZostf lyPg dnfO{ . t/ pd/df] deGbf sxL] sRrf lyOg \ pgL . lx:;L k/sf] ] pgsf ] ;fwfOk] lt| yk' }| lh1f;f bvf] k/ ] . tklg} dn} ] sfnf ] cgxf/,' kftnf ] lhp8fn, 3d' sf]| ] sfnf ] skfn :jfefljs ?kdf pQ/ lbPF–æcgf}7f] nfUof] < s;/L clg b'j} sfgdf rfFbL /ªsf 6k . zf/Ll/s ;+/rgf yfxf kfof} < xf] d g]kfnaf6 cfPsf] x'F .Æ / ?kdf s'g} sdhf]/L lyPg . x/]skN6sf] e]6df æ7nf" ] dfG5 ] sxf F Tolts } nSg' ;lsG5 / < dn} ] yfxf b]lvPsf] pgsf] lgbf]{if / caf]w efjgfaf6 d lgs} kfOxfn]F lg ÛÆ pgL lh:sFb} af]lng\ . k|efljt ePF . jf:tjdf daf6 pgn] s] ck]Iff u/]sL lyOg\, d}n] w]/} ;do;Dd Vofn ug{ ;lsgF æd 7"nf] dfG5] ÛÆ xfdLnfO{ uf}/jsf] cg'e"lt eof] . t/ pgLaf6 dn} ] w/] } ;xofu] kfO/xsf] ] lyP F . sªuf\ sf] ] d 7nf" ] dfG5 ] geP klg sxL] a/sf] nflu cem pgsf leqL JofVof, dlxnfdflysf] b'Jo{jxf/, sª\uf]nL nflu 7"n} dfG5] alglbPF . ætkfO{+ lsg sª\uf] ;:s+ lt,[ eife] iff' / efiffsf ] af/df] lgs } /frs] hfgsf/L cfpg'ePsf] xf] <Æ pgn] km]l/ k|Zg ul/g\ . lnO/x]sf] lyPF d}n] . æPp6f ;fyLsf] ljjfx lyof], ToxL lgDtf] dfGg .Æ æ;/, olb ;dfhdf cGwljZjf; 5 eg ] To;sf ] klxnf] æljjfxsf] lgDtf] dfGg Û Tolt 6f9faf6 <Æ pgnfO{ df/ dlxnfn] g} ef]Ug afWo x'G5g\ . ToxL kTofpg ufx|f] eof] . cGwljZjf;af6 slt sª\uf]nL dlxnfx¿ anfTsf/ ælsg xf]nf t <Æ d}n] k|Zg u/]F . / hah{:tLsf] lzsf/ ePsf 5g\ . afWotf vk]/ afFr]sf 5g\ .Æ s]xL lbgcufl8 sª\uf]df 36]sf] æv}, dnfO{ s] yfxf < tkfO{+ g} eGg'xf];\ g tkfO{+sf] anfTsf/sf] 36gfnfO{ lnP/ pgn] dnfO{ of] s'/f s'/f .Æ pgL efj's eP/ af]lng\ . ;'gfPsL lyOg\ . Tof] 36gfn] pgnfO{ lgs} ddf{xt d}n] w]/}a]/ g} pgsf] pQ/ lbg ;lsgF . cfkm\gf] agfPsf ] lyof ] . Toltdfq xfOg] pgsf ljifo–k;ª| u\ t/ªudf\ x/fO/x F] . d/f] ] sªuf\ sf] ] ofqfsf ] jf:tljstf lgs} ulx/f–ulx/f x'Gy] . pgsf] kfl/jfl/s k[i7e"ld cs {} lyof ] . t/ hxf F jf:tljstf vnfp' bfF dfG5x¿] / ljutsf] lbgrof{af/] d}n] s]xL hfGg gvf]h] klg cgf7f} ] dfGy ] . To;n} ] dn} ] jf:tljstf vnfpg' ] u/sf] ] pgsf ] dgfefjgfn] ] JoSt ul//xsf] ] xGYof' ] . pgnfO{ lyOgF . ;Eotfsf ] k0f" { 1fg lyof ] . sªuf\ sf] ] blgs} ;dfrf/ æsª\uf]sf] ;+o'St /fi6« ;+3 (UNO) sf] clkm;df cWofjlw /fVg] pgsf] cfbt lyof] . yk' }| gkfnLx¿] sfd ub5g{ \ . ltgLx¿sf ] sfd s:tf] sxL] lbgsf nflu pgL x/fPsL lyOg \ . ;wh;fF} ] e6] eO/x]sf] 5, sª\uf]nLx¿ g]kfnLx¿sf] sfdaf6 x'g] JolSt PsfPs x/fPkl5 Gof;|f]sf] cg'ej x'g' slQsf] ;Gt'i6 5g\, ToxL a'em\g cfPsf] x'F .Æ d}n] :jfefljs xf] . pgL;Fu sfd g} gk/] klg pgsf] cfk"mnfO{ cfkm}Fn] pNn' agfPF . cg'kl:yltn] dnfO{ vNnf] agfof] . pgsf af/]df æof] s'/f] eg] ;To nfUof] . sª\uf]df y'k|} g]kfnLx¿ cg]s s'/fx¿ dgdf v]ln/x] . tL sfnL dlxnf sfd u5{g\ .Æ pgn] dlt/ cfFvf nufpFb} km]l/ :jfefljs / ;fdfGo lyOg\ t/ k|fs[lts lgodn] aflng] –æg\ kfnLx¿sf] ] sfd–sf/afxL, u/fO { aem' g\ eof' ] lbPsf] cfsif{0f zlStn] dnfO{ g/fd|f];Fu lvRof] . t < s:tf] nfUof] < sª\uf]nLx¿ ;Gt'i6 5g\ t d}n] cfkm\gf] cfGtl/s OR5fnfO{ wf]sf lbg rflxgF . g]kfnLx¿af6 <Æ d klg oxL k[YjLsf] xfjfkfgLdf x's]{sf] ;fdfGo æhg' s/f' d em7f' ] afln/x] sf] ] 5,' ToxL s/f' ] ltdLnfO{ JolSt x F' . d c;fdfGo xg' ;lsg F . ks| ltsf[ ] ljk/Lt ;To nfUof ] < d sxf F oPgcf' sf] ] sdrf/L{ xg' ' Û ssf] ] lbzflt/ aUg ;lsgF . cfkm\gf] lga{ntf b]v]/ lgs} g]kfnLx¿sf] af/]df a'em\g cfpg' <Æ k5'tf] klg nfUof] . ælsg cfpg'ePsf] xf] t <Æ pgL lv:; xfF:b} km]l/ pgL PsfPs b]vf kl/g\ . e]6 x'g]lalQs} xFl;nf] ;f]lwg\ . xfjf s'/f u/]/ eP klg tL dlxnfnfO{ kf/fdf dnfO{ ;'gfOg\–ætkfO{+ t g]kfnL kf] x'g'x'Fbf] ydfpg ' lyof ] . cflv/ d/f] ] ;a } cWofkfGt] pgnfO{ /x]5 . g]kfnaf6 cfpg'ePsf] xf] <Æ ;'gfpg' h?/L klg lyPg .

Sangalo 2018 41 Issue 18, Year 18 æd oxfF Jofkf/ ug{ cfPsf] x'F . sª\uf]df Jofkf/ cfzfn ] ljjz agfPsf ] lyof ] eg ] Tof ] ljjztfdf d lgs} /fd|f] x'G5 eGg] ;'g]sf] lyPF . s] oxfF Jofkf/ klg ylkPsf] lyPF . /fd|f] x'G5 <Æ /i6] /f' dfF k:g ] x/s] JolStsf ] klxnf ] bli6[ xfdLx¿n] æJofkf/ ÛÆ pgsf] cg'xf/ pHofnf] eof]– ætkfO{+ g} ;fdgf ul//x]sf x'GYof}F . k|To]s JolStn] ug]{ Jofkf/ ug{ kf] cfpg'ePsf] < ;fFRrL <Æ cfzffx¿ cfcfkmg\ } txsf xG5g' \ . dlxnfn ] k?ifaf6' pgL cfk"m a;]sf] 7fpFaf6 h'?Ss pl7g\ . ug]{ cfzf, ul/an] wgLaf6, hgtfn] /fi6«af6 ug]{ xfdLaLr Jofkf/;DaGwL /fd|f–/fd|f ax; eP . cfzf . t/ tL dlxnfsf] cfzf k[ys lyof] . Tof] xfdLx¿n ] lgs } 5nkmn u¥of F} . Psl5gdf} pgn ] d/f] ] cfzfsf nflu pgn] ;dfhsf ltvf jrg ;x]sL sDkgLdf hflu/ vfO;ssL] lyOg \ eg ] d sDkgLsf] lyOg\ . s8f gh/ a]xf]l/sL lyOg\ . pgsf] Pp6} dflns eO;s]sf] lyPF . tL dlxnfn] Jofkf/sf] cfzf lyof]— dnfO{ k;nsf] dflns agfpg] clg gfkmfaf6 :jl0f{d cfgGb lnO;s]sL lyOg\ . pgsf] d]/f] k;ndf hflu/ vfg] . jf:tjdf dfG5] cfzfs} hfu/F / pT;fx lgs } h/d' /fO;s' sf] ] lyof ] . t/ dnfO{ e/df aflr/xF sf] ] xbfF' ] /x5] . cfzfs } e/df lhO/xsf] ] d/f] ] cfkmg\ } xfjfbf/L s/fn' ] kfln/x] sf] ] lyof ] . leqleq x'Fbf] /x]5 . 8fld/x]sf] lyof] . >d ug'{, kl;gf aupg', cfkm\g} kfv'/fdf pleg To;sf ] eflnkN6] cl3Nnf ] lbgeGbf cem kmlt" nf{ ] xbF' } vfHg] ,' sg' } uNtL xfOg] . t/ dn} ] pgnfO { w/] } ;do b]vf kl/g\ tL dlxnf . pgL d]/f] glhs} cfOg\ / cGwsf/df /fVg ' plrt 7flgg F . cGwsf/n ] ljdfbg] Pp6f sfuhsf] 6'qmf] xftdf ydfpFb} af]lng\–æ;/, k}bf u5{, ljdf]bgaf6 e|fGtL k}bf x'G5 . To;}n] d}n] lsG;f;fdf c? gkfnL] Jofkf/L klg 5g \ . Tof ] gDa/df pgnfO{ v'n:t kfl/lbPF–æx]/, d Jofkf/ ug{ cfPsf] kmfg] u//] kQf nufpgxf' ;] \ t Û tkfOn+{ ] lrgsf] JolSt xf]Og . Jofkf/;DaGwL s'g} 1fg} 5}g dnfO{ . d klg x'g ;S5g\ . tkfO{+nfO{ Jofkf/ ug{ ;lhnf] ljhonfO { lrGbf klg lrlGbg F . oL ;a } s/f' cfhaf6 x'G5 .Æ lal;{b]pm .Æ dnfO{ kmf]g ug]{ cfF6 cfPg . s] lx;fan] kmf]g ætkfO{ Jofkf/ ug{ gcfPsf] eP klg s] eof] t Û ug'{ . s] lx;fan] ;Dks{ a9fpg' . d Tof] If]qsf] gkfnLsf] ] k;n /x5] . dnfO { Toxf F hflu/ nufOlbgxf' ;] \ JolSt g} lyOgF . d Jofkf/sf] nflu cfPsf] g ÛÆ pgn] lgSs} cfzfsf ;fy dnfO{ cfu|x lyOg F . t/ dn} ] tL dlxnfn ] lbPsf ] sfuhsf ] 6qmfdf' ul/g\ . cfvfF nufP F . sfuhdf nlvPsf] ] lyof–] ljho clg dnfO{ emg\ 7"nf] ;ª\s6 k¥of] . s] lgx'Fn] ljhonfO{ p;sf] kmf]g gDa/ . kmf]g ug'{ Û s;/L ;DaGw ufF:g' Û t/ klg ux'|ª\uf] tTsfn km]l/ tL dlxnflt/ x]/]F . pgsf] cg'xf/ xbF' } pgn ] lbPsf ] gDa/df kmfg] u/ F] . ptfaf6 dlxnfsf] pNnf;n ] wkSs ansf] ] lyof ] . pgL kmfgsf] ] ktLIffdf| :j/ u'lGhof], To;df klg k|m]Gr efiffdf–æs;nfO{ lyOg\ . t/ d}n] sfuhsf] 6'qmf a6f/]F / uf]hLlt/ vf]Hg'ePsf] <Æ /fVb } pgLlt/ x/] /] afn] –ækl5F] ;Dks { u/fnfF} . clxn] d}n] cª\u|]hL pQ/ lbPF–æd g]kfnaf6 cfPsf], xtf/ ubf { emg \ sfd laug| ;S5 .Æ d/f] ] s/f' ;g' kl5] ljhohL;Fu s'/f ug{ ;lsG5 xf]nf .Æ pgsf] cg'xf/ lvGg b]lvof] . xfd|f] e]6 x'g] qmd plQv]/} ljho af]n]– æsf] af]Ng'ePsf], s;nfO{ a9b\ } uof ] . pgL hfnf ] agfpbF } ukmnfO { nDafO/xsL] vf]Hg'ePsf] < s] sfd 5 <Æ lyOg \ . cfkmnfO" { ;fefUozfnL} 7flg/xsL] lyOg \ . t/ cxf] Û s:tf] xtf/ Û s:tf] Jo:ttf . s:tf] gdL7f] d}n] eg] xfjfbf/L ukmdf e'mnfO/x]sf] lyPF . sfd} njh . an} d}n] cfkm\gf] kl/ro lbPF . t/ kl/ro gk/L dlxnf–k?if' aLrsf ] ukm nlDag ' egsf] ] ;dfhsf] lbbflbF bF } pgn ] aLrdf} dnfO { /fs] –æd] clxn ] xtf/df ljZjf; u'dfpg' xf] . Tof]af/]df pgnfO{ klg yfxf 5' . kl5 ;Dks{ u/f}Fnf .Æ lyof] . d emg\ ;r]t lyPF . t/ pgnfO{ hflu/sf] We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Khem Joshi, Shikshya Panta

Sangalo 2018 42 Issue 18, Year 18 kmf]g sfl6of] . dnfO{ vNnf] nfUof] . d emf]lqmP/ ojtLx¿' g } l7ªu\ plePsf lyP . xfdLnfO { bVgf;fy] a;]F . t/ tL dlxnfn] d]/f] vNnf]kgnfO{ ;xh} Pp6Ln] xtfl/P/ ;f]wL– æs:tf] lsl;dsf] df]afOn lnOg\ . pgnfO{ hfgsf/L kfpg xtf/ lyof] . b]vfpmF<Æ x8a8fpFb} ;f]lwg\–æs] eof] < e]6 x'g] eof] <Æ æxfdL df]afOn v/Lbsf nflu cfPsf xf]Ogf}F . æpgnfO { clxn ] km;' b{ 5g} /,] sxL] ;dokl5 cfkmnF} ] ljhohLnfO{ e]6\g cfPsf xf}F . pxfFnfO{ e]6\g kmf]g u5{' eg]sf 5g\ .Æ ;lsPnf <Æ d}n] eg]F . ætL Jofkf/L gkfnL] t /x5g] \ xlu < d sxf F grflxbfF ] t/ glrgsf] ] aflx/L JolStnfO { ljho;uF e6] u/fpg] s/f' u5 {' .Æ pgnfO { /dfOnf ] eO/xsf] ] lyof ] . pgsf] cgdlt' Tof ] s6LnfO] { lyPg . p;n ] cfkmgf\ ] Dofgh/nfO] { cg'xf/ v'zLn] wkSs} an]sf] lyof] . 7"nf] ;kmntf va/ u/L . s]xL a]/kl5 Dofg]h/ cfO{ . Dofg]h/ k|fKt ePh;/L pgL pT;flxt eO/x]sL lyOg\ . klg dlxnf /lx5] . t/ Dofg]h/nfO{ klg leqaf6 sxL] a/kl5] ljhosf ] kmfg] cfof ] . o;kN6 pgL lgs} plrt cg'dlt gcfP;Dd e]6 u/fpg] cg'dlt vn' /] afn] ] . 5f6f] ] ;dod } cfkmgf\ ] lhGbuLsf ] tLtf–dL7f] ] /x]g5 . To;}n] xfdLx¿ pleP/ g} kv{g yfNof}F . ;gfOxfn' ] . wldnf–wldnf] ] eP klg dn} ] pgsf ] cfslt[ s]xL a]/kl5 leqaf6 va/ cfof] . leqaf6 va/ yfxf kfO;s]sf] lyPF . pgL t/fO{lt/sf x'g\ eGg]df cfPkl5 Dofg]h/;lxt xfdLx¿ leqL sf]7fdf dnfO{ k"0f{ ljZjf; eO;s]sf] lyof] . k'Uof}F . xfdLx¿ ToxfF k'Ubf ljho n]vfk9Ldf Jo:t eflnkN6] lbp;fF ] xfdL ljhosf ] k;ndf hfg tof/ lyP . pgsf] 6]a'neGbf s]xL k/ rf/–kfFr hgf eof}F . t/ To;a]nf;Dd d]/f] dfgl;stf k"0f{ ?kdf k|fljlwsx¿ df]afOn dd{t ul//x]sf lyP . dnfO{ kl/kSj eO;ssf] ] lyPg . dn} ] cfkmn" ] cfkmnfOF} { kZg| bVgf;fy] ljhon ] cfkmgf\ ] sfd 5f8 ] . /, xfdLx¿nfO{ u/]F– æd s]sf nflu hfFb} 5' < /, s] af]N5' . olb Pp6f–Pp6f s';L{df a;fP . pgn ] gsf/fTds pQ/ lbP eg ] dn} ] To;sf ] ;fdgf ukmsf ] l;nl;nf z?' ub {} dn} ] pgnfO { ;fw] –æk;ndfF] s;/L ug]{ <Æ sfnL s]6Lx¿ dfq b]Vbf tkfO{+sf] k;n xf] eg]/ d]/f] dgdf cgluGtL k|Zgx¿n] lk5f ul//x]sf kTofpg g } ufxf| ] eof ] . ljqmtf] t ;a } sfnL s6Lx¿] lyP . 9f]sfaf6 lg:sg'eGbf klxnf tL dlxnfnfO{ /fVg'ePsf] /x]5 .Æ ;f]w]F–æltdLn] k;n t lrg]sL 5f} lg, xf]Og <Æ æxfdL a;]/ s] ug]{ <Æ ælsg <Æ ætkfO{+n] o;af/]df lrGt} ug{'kb}{g . d}n] lxh} kQf æpgLx¿nfO{ cfkm\gf] b]zdf ;fx'hL aGg'df g} dhf nufP/ cfO;ssf] ] 5 ' . oxfaf6F glhs } k5 { .Æ pgn] x'G5 eg] pgLx¿ g} ;fx'hL ag"g\ . ljb]zLn] k};f cg'xf/nfO{ pHofnf] agfpFb} elgg\–æoxfFaf6 7"nf] sdfPsf] b]Vg rfxFb}gg\ sª\uf]nLx¿ . b]vfpgsf ;8s sf6gf;fy\ Pp6f cfO;lqmdsf ] bfsfg] cfp5,F nflu dfq eP klg cufl8 k;ndf sfnL s]6Lx¿ Tof ] bfsfgaf6] clnk/sf ] k;n ljhosf ] dfafOnsf] ] g } /fVgk5' { . xfdLx¿ t leq a;/] aflx/sf ] rxn–kxn k;n t xf] lg ÛÆ x]g]{ dfq xf] .Æ s]xL a]/kl5 xfdL ;lhn};Fu ljhosf] k;ndf pgsf ] cleJolStdf ;fRrF } lg/Lxtf lyof ] . s?0ffdo k'Uof}F . nfdf] cfsf/sf] k;n, k;n} 9flsg] u/L klg . pgL s7f]/ ;ª\3if{df nflu/x]sf lyP . pgn] nlDaPsf] ;f]s]; . xf]rf] b/fh, clg b/fhdf cfkm\gf] Joyf n'sfpg vf]Hbfvf]Hb} klg d}n] yfxf /ª\uL–lj/ª\uL df]afOn . t/ k;n b]Vgf;fy d]/f] kfOxfn]F— pgL lgs} cK7\of/f]df 5g\ . t/ dnfO cGbfh pN6f ] lbzflt/ a6fl/g yfNof ] . dn} ] ;fr] sf] ] pgsf ] ljjztfdf c? £o " yKg ' dgfl;j nfug] . a? lyPF– ljho g} k;ndf e]l6G5g\, pgL;Fu k;ndf s]xL /fxt lbg] sf]l;; ub}{ af]n]F–æPp6} b]zdf t s'/f ug{ kfOG5 . t/ k;ndf ljho b]lvPgg\ . If]qLotf / hftLotfsf] s'/f] rln/x]sf] 5 . of] t df]afOn laqmL ug{sf nflu xl;nf–/l;nf cZj]t b]z g} km/s . s]xL cK7\of/f] t ;xh} k¥of] lg ÛÆ xfdf| ] ukm rln/xsf] ] lyof ] . PSsfl; k;nsf ;6/x¿ We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Madhav Bhattarai & Family

Sangalo 2018 43 Issue 18, Year 18 :of6;§' aGb eP . aQL emofk–e\ mk' lge ] . laqmLsIfsf cf}FNofpb} af]n]F–ælogn] hflu/ vfg xQ] u/]sL ;a } sdrf/Lx¿{ Xjf/ {} clkm; sf7fleq] k; ] . clkm;sf] l5g\ . ldN5 eg] tkfO{+sf] k;ndf sfd 9fsf] klg 9ofd9\ d' nfUof ] . aflx/ 8ofª\ 8\ ª,' vnfa} nfsf} ] nufOlbg'xf];\ . d oxL lgj]bg lnP/ cfPsf] x'F . cfjfh cfof ] . lrRofx6 klg ;lgof' ] . nuftf/ l;¶L oxLFsL nf]sn x'g\ . Odfgbf/ l5g\ .Æ alh/Xof] . xfdLx¿ ;a} leqL sf]7fdf y'lgPsf æhflu/ ÛÆ pgn ] nfdf ] ;f; tfg F] / dlt/ kn' Ss' xb] {} lyof F} . dn} ] ljholt/ kn' Ss' x/] F] / la:tf/ } ;fw] –æsF] ] af]n]F–æufx|f] 5 .Æ ePsf] xf] of] <Æ æufx|f] ÛÆ ljhosf] cg'xf/df qf; lyPg . g pgnfO{ lkmqmL g} lyof] . pgn] lgw{Ss;Fu dnfO{ hjfkm lbP– æb}lgs o:tf s]6Lx¿ cfO/xG5g\ . sltnfO{ lbg æu08fx¿' cfO/xG5g \ . o:tf ] eO/xG5 . sxL] a/kl5] ;lsG5 . s;n ]] cfkmnfO" { aOdfg] 5 ' eG5 / Û aflx/af6 ;fDo x'G5 .Æ x]bf{ t ;a} Odfgbf/ b]lvG5g\ .Æ æu'08fx¿ <Æ cl3;Dd x/fe/f b]lvPsf] ToxfFsf] jftfj/0f sfnf] b]lvof] . d}n] rf/}lt/ cGwsf/–cGwsf/ b]Vg æk|To]s k;naf6 u'08fx¿sf nflu s]xL /sd yfn F] . ;fxf| ] k5tf' ] nfUof ] . lsg s/f' /fv F] xnf,F' lsg 5'6\ofOPsf] x'G5 . t/, slxn]sfxLF s'/f] ldn]g eg] d'v vf]Nof x'Fnf h:tf] nfUof] . ltg} u'08fx¿ pkb|f] drfOxfN5g\ .Æ ljhon ] cfkmgf\ ] s/f' ksfz| kfb {} kml/] afn] –] ætkfOn+{ ] æufxf| ] 5 xlu ljbzdf] Jofkf/ ug { <Æ dn} ] ;xfge' ltk" j" s{ NofOxfNg'eof] . c? tLg hgfsf] l;kmfl/; klg k|Zg u/]F . Nofpg'xf]nf . s] ug'{, rf]/]/ x}/fg kf5{g\ . s;nfO{ æxfdLnfO { dfq xfOg,] of ] v/] uPsf ] bzdf] s;nfO{ ;dfTg hfg' < tkfO{+ g]kfn kmls{xfNg'x'G5 .Æ kf ] ;lhnf ] 5 / < oxLsfF nfsn] Jofkf/L klg x/fg} Tof ] lbg xfdLx¿aLr nfdf ] ukm eof ] . Tof ] e6kl5] 5g\ . log} pb08x¿n] ubf{ t b]z lau|]sf] xf] . kmf]gdf klg s'/fsfgL eO/Xof] . pgn] g]kfnsf] lgod–sfg"gn] ;dfTg ;s] kf] Û ;a}nfO{ n'6\g' g} cfkmgf\ ] 3/–7ufgf] Tolt vnfpg' rfxgg] \ . dn} ] w/] } 5 . ;/sf/ g} n'6fxf ePkl5 s;sf] s] nfU5 / Û ;f]wvf]h ul/gF . xfdLx¿ u'kr'kdf g} cfTdLotf vtL–ls;fg] ug {] sfxL] xfOg] . aGb–Jofkf/ ;w F} o:t} a9fO/x]sf lyof}F . xfxfsf/ xf ] . s;/L bz] cufl8 a95\ .Æ pgL afNb] } uP–æz'?df t æ6f/u]6Æ ljb]zL g} x'G5g\ t/ s] dnfO { lgs } v;L' nfUof ] . sªuf\ af6] kmsg{ eGbf' 7Ls ug'{ Û lgjf{x ug}{k¥of] . tkfO{+n] ofb ug'{eof] xf]nf– cl3Nnf] lbg tL dlxnfn] dnfO{ kmf]g u/]sL k;nsf] aflx/ s';L{df a;]sf] Pp6f wd/w'; lyOg\ . pgsf] :j/df pNnf; / k"mlt{ b'j} lyof]– sfn]nfO{ . Tof] d}n] tna lbP/ /fv]sf] æbfbf Æ æ;/, d}n] ljhosf] k;ndf hflu/ kfP lg Û ToxL xf] . s';L{df a;]sf] e/df g} k};f ltg'{k5{ . b]Vb}df k;naf6 kmf]g u/]sf] .Æ 8/nfUbf] 5 . s]xL kl/xfNof] eg] h'?Ss p7\5 . æP, /fd|f] eP5 Û Odfgbf/k"j{s sfd ug"{ . csf]{ ef/]e'/] u'08f t tx nufpF5 . t/ 7"nf] ;d"xsf] k6s cfpbfF kml/] e6f] nfF} .Æ æcsfkN6{] slxn ] cfpgx' G5' cfqmd0f x'g nfUof] eg] pm klg 8/fpF5 . efU5 . ;/ <Æ v,} lsg xf ] Tolt s/f' ug {] OR5f hfug] . d/f] ] lhpsf] dfof t s;nfO{ x'Fb}g / Û cem slxn]sfxLF dfgl;stf af]lemnf] eof] . dnfO{ g/dfOnf] t pm klg u'08f;Fu} ldNg hfG5 / kf] ÛÆ nfUof ] . Tof ] g/dfOnf ] lj5f8] / lj:dftsf\ ] dfq geO{ s]xL a]/kl5 pgn] dnfO{ ;f]w]– æclg s] sfdn] cfTdLo åGåsf] lyof] . d}n] 5f]6f] pQ/ lbPF– dnfO{ e]6\g cfpg'eof] Tolt 6f9faf6 <Æ æyfxf 5}g, slxn] cfpF5' .Æ pgL s]xL s'/f] eGg h'g s'/f] lnP/ d ToxfF uPsf] lyPF, v'nfpg ws vf]Hb} lyOg\, d}n] kmf]g /flvlbPF . dfGg] s'/} lyPg . d cfk"m;Fu uPsL dlxnflt/ We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Dr. Som Nath Chalise & Family

Sangalo 2018 5644 Issue 18, Year 18 xfd|f] g]kfn ;]G6/ ckm gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf -NCNC_

;'jf; 9sfn xfd|f] g]kfn ;]G6/ ckm gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf -NCNC_ s/fsfgLsf' ] qmddf ljleGg dxfgefjx?' -;:yfsf+ jtdfg{ g]kfn ;]G6/ ckm gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf -NCNC_ cfkm\gf] Pj + kj" { kbflwsf/L, gkfnL] :snsf" ljBfyL { Pj + of ] Ifqdf] :yfkgfsfn ;g \ !((( blv] g } gy { Sof/fnfOgf] /fHodf a;f]af; ug]{ cGo g]kfnLx?;Fu s'/fsfgL u/]sf lyof}F a;f]af; ug]{ g]kfnLx?sf nflu ;femf d~rsf] ?kdf / ;a};Fu :jtGq -kbdf /xg]n] klg kbsf] bfloTjnfO{ k|:t't x'Fb} cfPsf] 5, ;dfhdf 5l/P/ a;]sf g]kfnL kG5fP/_ ljrf/x¿ /flvlbg cg/f' w] u/sf] lyof,F} ;s;Dd] ;d'bfonfO{ of] ;+:yfn] ldqtf, cflTdotf, ;b\efj, w/] hgfsf} ] dGtJo ;d6] g\ ] xfdf| ] p2Zo] ePtfklg ;anfO} { ;+:s[lt, klxrfg, dgf]/~hg, v]ns'b cflb OTofbL ;d6] g\ eg ] ;lsPsf ] 5g,} To;sf nflu xfdL Ifdf kfyL| { gftfx?n ] hf8] /] /fvsf] ] 5, xg' klg xf ] ;ftf ;dGb' kf/sf| ] 5f}F, sfo{ Jo:ttf Pj+ ;don] ldn];Dd w]/}nfO{ ;d]6\g] of] d'n'sdf xfdL g} Ps csf{sf b'Mv ;'vdf ;fy lbg] eg] xfdLn] k|of; u/]sf 5f}F, gofFk'/fgf k':tfx? Pj+ cfkmGt xf}F, of] dGr k|bfg ug{ e/k'/ sf]l;; u/]sf] ;fgf ;fgf efOalxgLx? ;a} ;d"xnfO{ ;d]6\g] xfdLn] clg sl6a4 xbF' } cfPsf ] ;:yf+ xf ] gkfn] ;G6/] ckm gy{ kof;| u/sf] 5f,F} xfdLn ] cg/f' w] u/sf] lyof F} NCNC sf Sof/f]nfOgf -NCNC_ . af/]df cfkm\gf dGtJo /flvlbg';\, s;}n] NCNC sf] g]kfn lbj; -Nepal Day_ of] 7fpFdf dgfOg] nf]slk|o pkof]lutfsf af/]df eGg' ePsf] 5 eg] s;}n] cfkm\gf sfoqmd{ xf,] ljut @ jifb{ lv] dfl/l:en] ;x/df dgfOb} ;'emfjx? lbg'ePsf] 5, k|:t't 5 pxfFx?sf] egfO{ cfPsf ] of ] lbj; ca as] sfpG6Ldf g } dgflog ] ePsf] pxfFx?s} zAbx?df, 5, cfkm\gf] dft[e"dLaf6 * xhf/ dfOn kf/ /x]sf] of] ;l' dqf Pj + /ljGb | sfsLM{ NCNC nfO { of ] Ifq] j/k/ a:g] lj/fgf] d'n'sdf g]kfnL e]ife"iff Pj+ ;+:s[ltdf ;lhP/ ;a } gkfnLx?sf] ] ;femf ;:yf+ agfpg ' k5,{ ;asf} ] lxtdf afhfufhf gfrufg ub}{ nfda4 eP/ of] g]kfnL lz/ kf/bzL { 9un+ ] Ps l9Ssf eP/ of ] ;:yf+ cl3 a9g\ ' k5,{ prfnL ;;f/df+ nDsG5 eGg ] uLt 3GsfP/ lx8F bf\ ;asf} ] /fhgLlt, u'6aGbL, ljjfb h:tf gsf/fTds s'/fx?n] 5ftL uj{n] km'n]sf] lyof], ;a}n] dx;'; u/]s} x'g'k5{ - k>o| g } kfpg ' xbF' g,} xfdL ;a } ;sf/fTds Pj + OdfGbf/ xfdL ljb]lzPsf xf]Og /}5f}F, xfdL t ljZjJofkL ePsf eP/ of] ;+:yfsf] ul/df sfod u/]/ cuf8L a9\g'k5{ . /5f}F . th] :jL Pj + rGb | k;| fb lu/LM NCNC n ] dnfO { kfl/jfl/s gkfn] :sn' of ] ;:yfsf+ ] cleefjsTjdf ;rflnt+ csf{] jftfj/0f lbPsf] 5 g]kfnLkg lbPsf] 5 clg g]kfnL dxTjk"0f{ pknAwL xf] . cd]l/sfdf x'ls{/x]sf gofF ;:s+ ltdf[ /dfpg ] dr+ klg lbPsf ] 5, gkfnd] } a;h:tf] ] k':tfx?nfO{ xfd|f] ;+:s[lt / klxrfg lrgfpg sl6a4 ePsf] 5 . eP/ nfu]sf] g]kfnL :s"nn] ljleGg sfo{qmdx? ub}{ cdn Pj+ blbg kf08]M NCNC n] 5l/P/ /x]sf] g]kfnL cfPsf] 5, of] klZrd]nL hutdf x'ls{Psf xfd|f ;dfhnfO { Pstfdf uf:g ] sflzz] ub {} cfPsf ] 5 / cem ;Gtltx?nfO { xfdf| ] kjL" o{ ;:sf/,+ ;:s+ lt[ Pj + 1fg af6g\ w]/} ug'{ h?/L 5 . pNn]vgLo of]ubfg lbPsf 5 g]kfnL :s"nn] . cf/tL Pj+ lj/f]w ltdlN;gfM NCNC n] lg/Gt/ ub}{ o; ;fy} ljleGg rf8af8, ;fF:s[lts Pj+ cj;/x?df cfPsf sfdx? kz| ;gLo+ 5g \ t/ klg olt w/] } gkfnLx?sf] ] of] ;+:yfn] cGo sfo{qmdx? klg ub}{ cfPsf] 5, a'4 a;faf;] lardf /xsf] ] Psdfq ;:yfn+ ] cemklg} NCNC hoGtL, efg' hoGtL, xf]nL, bz}F, tLh, b]p;L e}nf], sf] ;b:o alglbg'xf];\ eg]/ cg'/f]w ug]{ cj:yfdf gofFjif{ cflb cj;/x¿ kf/]/ of] ;+:yfn] sfo{qmdx? kl/jtg{ eP/ d NCNC sf ] ;b:o aGg cft/' 5,' s;/L ;rfng+ ub {} cfPsf ] 5, Run for Nepal, Adopt a Highway, aGg ;S5 ' xfnf] eg/] Pp6f gkfnL] NCNC vfHb] } cfpg] /Qmbfg, ;b:o lkslgs, International Festival df jftfj/0f agfpg ;s ] w/] } /fdf| ] xg' ] lyof ] . h;sf ] nflu ;xefuL cflb sfoqmdx?{ klg of ] ;:yf+ cGtut{ ;rfng+ Pp6f NCNC x]Nk8]:ssf] clt h?/L d}n] b]v]sf] 5', eO{ cfPsf 5g\ . o;} ;]/f]km]/f]df oxfF j/k/ a;f]af; h;af6 klxnf ] k6s cdl/sf] a;faf;sf] nflu cfpgx' g' ] ugx{' g' ] ljleGg JolQmTjx?;uF xfdLn ] NCNC sf af/df] hf] sf]lxnfO{ z'Go cg'ejaf6 s;/L ;'? ug]{ eg]/ cfkm\gf ljrf/x¿ /fVg cg'/f]w u/]sf lyof}F, xfdLn] ;Nnfx, ;emfj,' hfgsf/L / ;xofu] ldnf;] h:t } dl8s] 8,]

Sangalo 2018 45 Issue 18, Year 18 :jf:Yo ljdf, 8«fOe/ nfO;]G;, aRrfx?sf] :s'n / gLnd hf]zL Pj+ ljzfn ef/tLM gy{ Sof/f]nfOgfdf snh] / sfd cflb s;/L kfKt| ug { ;lsG5 . csf {] s/f' g]kfnLx?sf] ;a}eGbf k'/fgf] ;+:yf h;n] g]kfnLx?sf] cf–cfkm\gf sfdsfh / b}lgsLn] Jo:t x'gfn] xfdLdf xslxt, snf ;+:s[lt ;Da4{g / k|a4{g ug{sf] lglDt g/f:otf} a9b\ } uPsf ] cfkmgf\ kg] x/fpbF } uPsf ] / dflg;df ;w}F cu|0fL e"ldsf v]Nb} cfPsf] 5 . efjgfTds Pstf x/fpFb} uPsf] kl/k|]Iodf dgf]/~hg ;fGTjgf Pj + lbkG] b | cofn{ M NCNC åf/f clxn;Dd] ul/ eGg ] s/f' ljBtLo' pks/0fdf l;ldt xg' nfusf] n] ] ;do cfPsf ;fdflhs lqmofsnfk Pj + gkfnd] vL' sfoqmdx?{ ;dodf lxdfnblv] t/fO { ;Ddsf hflt, efiff / ;:s+ lt[ pT;fxaw{s g} 5g\ / eljiodf cem cl3 ;/]/ ;a} ;d6] /] kToIf| dgf~hgfTds] sfoqmd{ ug { ;s ] JolQmsf] g]kfnLnfO{ ;dfj]z ubf{ cem /fd|f] x'G5 . kltef| k:km| 6g,' dgf/~hg,] ;fdflhs Pstf ;fy } NCNC NCNC åf/f ;+rflnt g]kfnL :s"nsf ljBfyL{x¿, lje' nfO { klg sxL] cflys{ nfe xg' ] lyof ] . lo sfd NCNC kf]v|]n, ;d[l4 ;+u|f}nf, ;]hn l3ld/], ;'xfgL 9'+u]n, :d[tL n] ug{;s] x'GYof] eGg] d]/f] wf/0ff xf] . yfkf, ;dL l3ld/,] lkG| ; uft} d, lglj/{ fw] ltldlN;gf, cGji] f0f dLgf Pj+ cRo"t zdf{M NCNC nfO{ d}n] ljut # jif{ clwsf/L, k|f]u|]; k|wfg, :sGb cfrfo{, g]l/sf k|wfg, z'ed b]lv lgofNbf emg\ emg\ /fd|f] Pj+ ;kmn ePsf] kfPsf] 9'+u]n, /lj g]kfn, :d/0f yfkf, ;'lk|d ltldlN;gf, ;fOg 5' / cem /fd|f] x'g] s'/fdf ljZj:t 5, nfld5fg,] lxdfu+ L gk] fn, luZ| df >i] 7, ljei' ff uft} d, :tt' L k|ltdf Pj+ c?0f lwtfnM NCNC n] g]kfnL ;dfhnfO{ cfrfo{ . Ps ;'q kg]{ sf]l;; u/]sf] 5 . – xfdLn] g]kfnL efiff l;Sg kfof}F, c+u|]hL afx]s csf]{ :d[tL Pj+ p4j /]UdLM NCNC n] gofF k':tfnfO{ g]kfnL efiffdf klg xfdL n]Vg k9\g ;Sg] eof}F, ;+:s[lt lrgfpg] sf]lz; u/]sf] 5 . – xfdLn] g]kfnL ;+:s[ltsf] af/]df hfgsf/L kfof}F, cd[tf Pj+ df]xg clwsf/LM d}n] ljut b]lv g} NCNC – xfdf| ] xh/a' af,' xh/cfdf' clg gkfnsf] ] dfG5x¿;] uF nfO { lgofNbf v/L] ljutdf r F} of ] ;:yf+ ljz4' ;fdflhs g]kfnLdf s'/f ug{ ;Sg] eof}F, lxtsf nflu ;a}sf] ;femf ;+:yfsf] ?kdf kfPsf] lyP, – gofF gofF ;fyLx? agfpg kfof}F, xfn cfP/ r F} of ] ;:yfdf+ /fhgLlts/0f xfjL ePsf ] xf] – g]kfnL uLtx?df ufpg, gfRg ;Sg] eof}F, ls cyjf JolQmut gfd kof| hgsf] nflu pkefu] a9sf] ] – xfdLn] ptflt/sf] /fd|f] s'/fx? klg yfxf kfof}F xf] h:tf] cfefif x'g yfn]sf] 5, of] ;+:yf ljut s} clg otflt/sf] /fd|f] /fd|f] s'/f klg yfxf kfof}F, h:tf] ;fdflhs lxtsf nflu clg ;a}sf] ;femf xf]; – g]kfn 8] /c?ljleGgsfo{qmddf efu lng kfof}F, eGg] sfdgf /fv]sf] 5' . sdnf Pj + OZ{ j/ bj] sf6] fM ljutblvsf] lgofNg ] xf ] eg] kl/tf Pj+ ;'hg Gof}kfg]M NCNC n] xfdL oxfF a;]sf NCNC cfkm\gf] p2]Zodf ;kmn ePsf] kfPsf 5f}F, of] k|jf;L g]kfnLnfO{ g]kfnsf] cfefif lbnfPsf] 5, /fd|f] ;+:yfn] ug'{kg]{ w]/} s'/fx? cem klg afFsL g} 5g\, w]/} ub}{ cfPsf] 5 / ug'{kg]{ s'/fx? cem w]/} afFsL 5g\ . Pj + gof F gof F dfG5x?nfO] { ;d6] g\ ' h?/L 5, gof F k:tfnfO' { Steve Rao: Peace, Love, Humility, Strength, and d~r lbg'kb{5, h'g d~rdf 6]s]/ pgLx?n] cd]l/sg Character, I Think of a community which represents dGrdf k|lt:kwf{ ug{ ;s'g clg ljhoL ag]/ g]kfn all of these traits! lrgfpg,' casf ] of ] cfjZostfnfO { kfyldstfdf| /fVg' lgt' Pj+ b]j]Gb| sf]O/fnfM NCNC n] xfdL oxfF a;]sf Psbd h?/L 5 . k|jf;L g]kfnLnfO{ g]kfnLkgsf] cfefif lbPsf] 5 clg uLtf Pj + kd]| kw| fgM NCNC n ] gkfnLnfO] { e63f6] ug{] g]kfnL eGg] kl/ro lbPsf] 5 . cj;/ k|bfg u/]sf] 5, gofF k':tfnfO{ g]kfnL ;+:s[lt ;ljtf Pj + eLd gk] fnM d/f] ] ljrf/df NCNC cdl/sfsf] ] l;sfPsf ] 5, cfufdL lbgdf eg ] of ] ;:yfn+ ] gjcfuGts' gy{ Sof/f]nfOgfdf /x]sf g]kfnLx?sf] ;'vb'Mvdf ;fy gkfnx?nfO] { ;xofu] ug {] sfoqmdx?{ lnP/ cfpg ' h?/L lbg] ;+u7g xf] . Pg;LPg;Ln] ljb]zL e"lddf xfdL 5 . g]kfnLx?sf] l/ltl/jfh, efiff;+:s[lt, rf8kj{ ;a}sf] cl:dgf Pj+ /fh]z uf}tdM NCNC Pp6f ;f]r x'g'k5{_, hu]gf{ ub}{ cfkm\g} 5'§} klxrfg ;kmn ePsf] 5 . of ] Ifqsf] gkfnLx?nfO] { cdl/sf] lrgfpg,] gkfn] dx;;' lgzf Pj+ kSs' vqLM NCNC n] /fd|} ul//x]sf] 5 t/ u/fpg] clg cfkmGtsf] cfefif lbnfpg], of] ;+:yf ;anfO} { ;d6] g\ ;ssf] ] 5g,} ;anfO} { ;d6] g\ ;sf;] eGg] ljjfbdQm,' /fhgLltdQm,' u6aGbLd' Qm,' kf/bzL { Pj + JolQm xfdf| ] rfxgf 5, of ] ;:yf+ ;asf} ] ;femf clg /fhgLltdQm' ljz]ifsf] k|efjaf6 d'Qm x'g'k5{, NCNC sf x'g'k5{ . kbflwsf/Lx?nfO{ lemgfdl;gf gcNem]/, v'§f tfgftfg gu//,] Ps l9Ssf eP/ ;asf} ] axQ/[ lxtsf nflu cl3

Sangalo 2018 46 Issue 18, Year 18 a9\g cg'/f]w ub{5' . kh' f Pj + a6 ' zdfM{ xfdL kjf;L| gkfnLx?sf] nflu NCNC ;'ifdf Pj+ dgf]h k|wfgM NCNC :yfkgfsfnb]lv g} k|jf;df csf]{ 3/ xf] clg ;'vb'vdf ;fy lbg] ;+:yf gkfnLx?sf] ] xslxtsf nflu dl/d] 6L] nfusf] ] ;:yf+ xf,] xf], of] ;+:yfsf] 5ftfd'lg cf]t nfu]/ xfdL Ps eP/ of ] ;:yfn+ ] w/] } ub {} cfPsf ] 5, cem of ] cem of ] eGbfklg ;'v b'Mv afF8]/, v';LofnL / cflTdotf ;f6]/, ;+:s[lt cl3 a9/] ug {' h?/L 5, cfufdL lbgx?df cem w/] } ug{] / rf8kj{ dgfP/ sfFwdf sfFw ldnfP/ cl3 a9\g' 5, 5 eGg] s'/fdf ljZj:t 5f}F . of ] ;:yf+ ;:yfnfO+ { ljjfbdQm,' kf/bzL { Pj + l;uf+ ] 5fgf] zflGt ;fksf]6f Pj+ /d]z sf]O/fnfM k|jf;df /x]sf agfP/ Pj + ;asf} ] enf ] ub {} cuf8L a9g\ ' h?/L 5, genf' F} g]kfnL dgx?sf] cleefjsx?sf] ?kdf :yflkt ;+:yf Pstfdf zlQm xG5,' xfdf| ] Pstf ;bj} sfod /xf;] \ clg NCNC n] cem} ul/dfdo sfo{x¿ ub}{ :yfgLo :t/df xfd|f pknAwLx? lbg b'gf /ft rf}u'gf e} a9'g\ . /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLx?nfO{ ;d]6\b}, xft]dfnf] ub}} cl3 ;du|df ;a}sf ljrf/x¿ ;d]6\bf NCNC n] ul/Psf a9f];\ . xfd|f] z'esfdgf . sfo{qmdx? pT;fxaw{s 5g\, ;Gtf]ifk|b g} clg uLtf Pj+ led;]g a:g]tM NCNC xfd|}| xslxtsf nflu klxrfgdns' g } 5g,\ ablnbf ] ;do Pj + kmlnbf} ] ;dbfonfO' { vn' sf] ] ;:yf+ xf,] of ] ;:yfn+ ] ;asf} nflu ul/cfPsf ] 5, dWogh/ ub}{ cem ;zQm ?kdf cl3 a9\g' h?/L 5, xfn of ] Ifqdf] gkfnLx?sf] ] hg;Vof+ a9sf] ] Pj + ;asf} ;a}nfO{ ;d]6\b} afwfx? kG5fpFb}, dte]b en} xf]nfg\ ugf;fx?' g;dl6g] ;lsPsf ] kl/kIodf]| ugf;fx?' dfq t/ dte]b gu/Lsg, ;a}sf] ljrf/x?sf] cfb/ ;Ddfg ug]{ xf]Og ls JolQmut :jfy{x¿ Tofu]/ cfkm"n] ug{ ub}{ of] ;+:yf cl3 a9\g' k5{, JolQmut u'gf;fx?nfO{ ;s]sf] u/]/ of] ;+:yfnfO{ dha't agfpg' h?/L 5 . kf]sf] kf/]/ kG5fpFb}, ;fd'lxs xs lxtsf nflu ;a}n] ;'hftf Pj+ ;'lgn 9'+u]nM NCNC n] g]kfnL efiff / cfkm"n] ;s]sf] of]ubfg ug'{ h?/L 5, elgG5 ;a}eGbf ;:s+ ltsf[ ] hugf] { tyf ljsf; ub {} cdl/sL] ;dbfo' aLr zlQmzfnL zAbx? xG5g' ,\ zAbn ] lauf5 { clg zAbn ] g} g]kfnLsf] klxrfg u/fpFb} xft]dfnf]sf ;fy cl3 a9L ;kf5{, Pscsf{ k|lt k|ofu ug]{ zAbx?df klg dof{bf /x]sf] 5, ;fy} g]kfn / g]kfnLnfO{ cfktljkb\df ;Sbf] sfod /fVg' h?/L 5, ge'nf}F cfkm"n] h:tf] Jojxf/sf] ;xof]u u/]sf] klg b]lvG5, . ckIff] ul/G5, cfkmn' ] klg c?;uF To:t } Jojxf/ ugk5{' ,{ piff Pj+ ljqmd uf}tdM NCNC g]kfnLx?sf] ;femf of ] ;:yf+ xfdf| nflu t 5bF } 5, xfdL klg of ] g } ;dfwfg klxrfgnfO{ sfod /fVg sl6a4 ;+:yf xf] . ;+3] zlQm lgl:slG5, ;dfwfg x'g g;Sg] s'g} ;d:of g} x'Fb}g, snfo} u' ] -slnoudf' ;u7gdf+ zlQm xG5_' eGg ] dndGqnfO" { ;sf/fTds bli6sf[ 0f,] ;fys{ 5nkmn clg cfb/ ;Ddfgsf ;a}n] dgg ul/ o; ;+:yf k|lt ;a}hgf Psh'6 eP/ ;fy cl3 a9/] ;ahgf} ldngljGbdf' kUg' k5' ,{ ldngljGbd' } nfUg h?/L 5 . ;a}sf] lxt 5, enfO{ 5 clg pknAwL 5, PSn} bf}8]/ ;'lgtf af/fxL Pj+ /fh]Gb| dxh{gM NCNC n] ubf{ cfh slxF k'luGg, cfpg'xf];\ ;a}hgf xft]dfnf] ul/ NCNC of] g]kfnL ;dfh Psh'6 eP/ a;]sf] 5 .NCNC nfO{ sf] 5ftfd'lg cf]t nfu]/ cl3 a9f}F . w]/} wGojfb . We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Dr. Chiranjibi Bhattarai & Sandhya Bhattarai We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Deepak & Manisha Bhandari

Sangalo 2018 47 Issue 18, Year 18 g]kfnL klxrfg / g]kfnL efiff

gd|tf u'/fufO{F d}n] g]kfnL l;lsg eg] d]nf] xh'ncfdf g]kfnaf6 hf]8bf “v” x'G5 eg]/ l;sfP+ . ;Q]xf]nf “s” cfpbf+ d gkfnLdf] snf' ug { ;lSbg, dnf] ] xhcfdfnfO' l;sfpgcl3' p;nfO dn} “v” nVg] l;sfP + . slnnf c+n]hL cfpb}g, clg d g]kfnL :s"n cf sf] lg Û cf}+nfx¿ ;]tf]kf6L e/L s'b]/ c+u|]hL “h” n]v]sf tf]t] af]nLdf ;'lk|dn] eGof] . d]/f] cfdf g]kfndf a]nf jfg yKbf “u” x'G5 lg eg]/ “u” n]Vg xg' x' G5' . gkfn] hfbf+ dn} ] gkfnLdf s/f' ug { ;lsg l;sfP+ . eg] cfdfn] dnfO dfof+ ug'{x'Gg, ToxL eP/ g]kfnL cfdfnfO lsg xf] cfkm'n] hfg]hlt ;a} 5f]/Lsf k9g cfsL Û bO' rf/ jifb{ lv] gkfnL] :sndf" lg/Gt/ lbdfudf xflnlbg dg lyof ] t/ 5f/Lsf] ] pd/] l;ssf] ] kl9/x]sL ;]hnn] egL . s/f' ;emg+ ;Sg ] eO;ssf] ] lyPg . dfq bOrf/j6f' ;fgf gfgLx¿n] efg' hoGtLsf] cj;/df cfof]hgf cIf/ l;sfP+ . pla|Psf] ;dodf a? p;};+u v]Ng u/]sf] js[Tjsnfdf ;lsg;sL o;/L g]kfnL zAb yfn]+ . ;do lrlKn/xof] daf6 . 3/df csf]{ ;b:o km'6fPsf] b]Vbf lx8of] eg] l9nf] ePklg uGtAodf ylkof] cyf{t p;sf] efO hlGdof] . cfkmgf] efiff klug' ] /x5] h:tf ] nfUof ] . cf6+ u//] } t dfG5 ] rGbdfdf| l;sfpg ] sfdnfO yflt+ /fv/] d plgx¿sf afn;ne' ku' sf] ] xfnfg] lg xfOg] / < s6fs] 6Lsf] ] vNg] ] ;dosf] efiff l;Sg yfn]+ . b'Ohgf;+u Ao:t x'+bf d dfq yf/] } cz+ sxL] phfl;n{ sfddf nufpbf+ slt km/s 3fd emlNsPsf' ] / c:tfPsf ] yfxf kfpy +] . afsL+ c? kg]{ /x]5 eGg] gd'gf x'g lo gfgLx¿ . To;f] t ;do ;w +} daf6 lrlKn/xGYof ] . dnfO clncln km;' b{ plgx¿sf] yf]/} xf]:6]df x}+;] ul/lbg] claefasx¿ lg:s+bf ;do daf6 efu]/ w]/} k/ k'lu;s]5 . / ljBfnosf lzIfs lzlIfsfx¿ geP cd]l/sfdf ljutnfO kmls{P/ x]bf{ d}n] cr]6g} g;Sg] kl/jt{g hGd]/ x's]{sf aRrfx¿nfO o;/L k9g n]Vg sxf+ cfO;s]5 t/ cfkm'eg] hxf+sf] ToxL+ . lrlKnPsf] ;Dea x'G5 xf]nf / Û jf:tadf ;u/dfyf r9g]n] ;don] 5f]/f5f]/Lklg 7'nf kf/llbb}+ uP5 . Pslbg g} r'r'/f]nfO 5'G5 eg]sf]klg oxL xf] lg xuL < eGbf b'Olbg eGbf efOklg lbbL;+u v]Ng ;Sg] uGtAo ;a}sf] Pp6} xf] dfq lx8g] af6fx¿ km/s . eof] . km]/L ;dosf] km]/ ;dfTg sf]lz; ug{ yfn]+ Effiff / ;:s+ ltsf[ ] efs] nfukl5] 3/ 5f8] /] k/ uPsf d . gof + s/f' k9g ] AolQmut rfxgfnfO yflt+ /fv/] dfG5x¿n] ] efs] dfg {] laleGg pkfox¿ vfHbf/x] 5g] ;Gtfgsf rfxfgfx¿ k9g yfn +] . plgx¿n ] xg] {] u/sf] / efsfPsf] anf] dfG5n] ] Hff;] u+ h ] 5 ToxL kl:sG5 sf6'{g plgx¿;+u} a;]/ x]bf{ ;Demgfsf] cfkmgf] g} . sf]xL gfr]/ ef]s df5{g t sf]xL ufP/, sf]xL afNosfn h?Ss' p7/] cfpYof+ ] . dn} ] h ] kfof ] ToxL nv] /] efs] df5g{ t sfxL] r6lsnf' ;gfP/' . dn} klg] v]n]sf v]nx¿ lgodab\b / ;a}n] kfn}kfnf] v]Ng] n]v]/ ef]s dfg{ sf]lz; u/]+ t/ dgsf s'/fx¿ rngdf b]Vbf cfkm"dfq hfGg] kN6]/ c?nfO v]Ng ljB'lto sfkLdf kf]Vbfdfq d]/f] tntn d]l6Pg . glbg] d]/f ;flyx¿ cf+vfe/L cfpy]+ . w/} eof] pkfox¿ vfHg] ] qmddf cfkmg } efiff / ;:s+ lt[ cfvf+ plgx¿;u+ e6] gefsf ] . ;frL+ plgx¿ clxn ] s:tf cufl8 cfof ] . l;sfpg ] dfG5klg] cfkm;} u+ ePsfn] eP xf]nf xuL < sf]xL dh:t} cfdf ePsf 5g /] . ;fgL 5f]/LnfO k|ljlwn] lbPsf] n]Vb} d]6b} ug]{ ;]tf] sf]xL xh'/cfdf g} e};s] c/] . sf]xL afp eP/ kf6L lslglbP+ / p;sf slnnf cf}+nfx¿ To;df lhDdaf/Lsf] ] ef/L afs] /] tndfly ub5g{} /,] e6g] x¿] vnfpg] yfn +] . dn} ] yfx } gkfO cu+ hLsf]| cIf/ nVg] eG5g . 3/ hf+bf kSs}klg ltgLx¿nfO e]6g] 5' / hflg;ls5 p;n] . p;n] n]v]sf] b]v]/ crDd dn} ] x/] sf] ] sf6gsf{' ] af/df] eGg ] 5 ' eGb } d ;emgfsf+ ] nfUof] . 5f]/Ln] hfg]sf ltg} ldNg] ldNg] c+u|]hL d]/f] ;fgf] pd]/sf] w]/} k/ k'u]/ kmls{g yfn]+ ;w}+ . cIf/x¿df g]kfnL cIf/sf km'sf{ nfpg l;sfpg lt sf6'{gsf w]/} v]nx¿af6 w]/} s'/f l;Sb} uP+ . yfn]+ . p;n] n]Vg hfg]sf] jfgnfO g]kfnLdf wsf]{ slxn]sflx+ ;fgf;fgf s'/fn] dl:tis ;fx|} xf] eg]/ l;sfP+ . c+u|]hL 6' / jfgnfO hf]8]/ 8Nnf] x'8NYof] . ;a}eGbf w]/} c+u]|hL efj]n / sG;f]g]G6

Sangalo 2018 48 Issue 18, Year 18 l;sfpg] sf6'{g, j8{ jN8 x]/]/ d leq}b]lv a;]/ k9g yfn] . kl9;s]kl5 xftdf ;fgf ;fgf layf]lnP+ . d}n] Tof] sf6'{gdf b]lvPsf kfqx¿nfO vfhfsf Kofs]6 af]s]/ v'zL x'+b} aflx/ cfP/ ædfd' cfvf+ glemDSofO x/] +] . Zj/ j0fsf{ ] kfq æsldnfÆcyf] t{ csf {] ;lgaf/klg cfpg ] x,} 5f/f5f] /Ln] ] ba' n} ] Psrf} 6L] æPG6Æ / AoGhg j0f{sf] kfq æ;+'u'/Æ cyf{t ælkuÆ eg ] . plgx¿ gkfnL] l;Sg vzL' eP/ cfpg ' g } d/f] ] Ps cfk;df emu8f ubf { zAb aGg g;s] sf] ] syfn] hLt ePsf]n] d}n]klg x/]s ;lgjf/ lnP/ cfpg dnfO xNnfpg;Dd xNnfof] . ;fwf sfuhh:tf] yfn]+ . plgx¿ leq a;]/ g]kfnL n]vk9 ug]{ d lbdfu ePsf ] afn xbodf[ nVg] ] / k9g ] s/fsf' ] Tof] aflx/ . leq u?cfdfx¿nfO' EofO gEofO ePsf ] w/] } txdf k'u]/ l;sfPsf] b]Vbf d kUn]/ kfgLkfgL lbg aflx/ a;/] xg] { ;lsg dn} ] . leq uP/ plgx¿nfO eP + . cfh;Dd dn} ] hfgsf] ;as} /f' sdhf/] /x5g] clncln ;xofu] ug { yfn +] . To;kl5 x/s] ;lgjf/ h:tf ] nfUof ] . sf6g{' x/L;s] kl5] dn} ] cfkm ' plePsf] xfdL cfdf 5f/f5f] /L] ljBfly { / u?cfdf' eP/ gkfnL] w/ftnnfOg} 5f]P+h:tf] eof] . Tof] syfsf] dGrg :s"n hfg yfNof}+ . dl;gf gfgLx¿sf slnnf ug {] lkljP; ls8;nfO\ ;fx }| w/] } wGojfb lbb+ +} sf6gaf6{' cfnfx¿df} klG;n] /flvlbP/ xfdLn ] gkfnLdf] 3dfpg' l;ssf] ] s/f' dn} ] d/f] 5f/f5f] /LnfO] gkfnLdf] l;sfpg yfNof +} . cu+ hLsf]| ldNg ] ldNg ] cIf/nfO 6kSs l6k/] yfn]+ . g]kfnLdf cIf/sf km'sf{ hf]8g l;sfof}+ . ;lsg] l;8gL, gA/f:sfdf] gkfnL] efiff afNg] ] l;uf+ ] cfkmgf] a]nfdf lbPsf] vfhf k9] jfktsf] k'/:sf/ h:tf] PSnf] kl/jf/ w]/} jif{;Dd s'lx/fsf] sfuh:t} eP5 plgx¿nfO . plgx¿ t x/s] xKtf vzL' eP/ x/fO/xof ] . tklg} dn} ] d/f] gfgLx¿nfO gkfnL] cIf/ cfpg yfn ] . cfPkl5 sxL] l;s/] hfg yfn ] . geGb} nVg] / k9g l;sfpg 5fl8g] . cfkmgf ] efiffdf afNg] ] s]xL dlxgfkl5 af]Ng g;Sg]x¿, af]Ng ;Sg] eP, dfG5] e]6g ls t # 306f vr{]/ 8]ge/ k'Ug'kg]{ ls clncln cIf/ km'6fpg ;Sg]x¿ dhfn] k9g ;Sg] t ^ 306f vr{]/ cf]dfxf k'Ug'kg]{ xfd|f] Tolta]nfsf] eP / yf]/} af]Ng, yf]/} k9g ;Sg]x¿ dhfn] n]Vg oyfy{nfO 36fP/ slxn] !), !% ldg]6df emfg{ ;Sg ] kf ] eP . xfdLn ] z?' u/sf] ] gkfnL] kf7zfnfsf] ;lsPnf, xfdL lbg ulg/x]Yof}+ . ToxL a]nf ;don] pbZo] gfgLx¿nfO kfr+ sIff;Ddsf ] gkfnL] kf7ok:ts' xfdLnfO gy { Sof/fnfOgf] ;fg { ;3fof ] . oxf + cfpbf+ k9g / nVg] ;Sg ] agfpg ' ePsfn] ] @)!% df Pshgf lrg]sf] Pp6} kl/jf/klg w]/} nfUof] . qmdzM xfd|f] cfo'Zdf zdf{ / @)!& df b'Ohgf ;Dkbf cfrfo{ lrghfg a9b} uof] . k;ndf xf]; of kfs{df hxf+ / ;u'g cfrfo{ lblIft cyf{t u|ofh'P6klg ePsf uPklg gkfnL] el6g] ] xbf+' xfdLnfO w/] } ;do nfug] 5g . clxn ] :sndf" %) hgf ljBflyx¿{ x/s] xKtf dfG5 ] lrGgnfO . ltg } lrghfgsf dfG5x¿af6] gkfnL] cfp+5g . gof+ cfpg] ljBfly{x¿sf] rfkfrfkn] :s"n v'n]sf] / cfkmgf gfgLx¿nfO Toxf+ k9fpg sltnfO csf]{ jif{ kVg'; x} eg]sf] 5 . nu]sf];Dd ;'g]kl5 dnfO Tof] :s"ndf k'u]/ g]kfnL cgfkrfl/s} ?kdf claefasx¿af6 } rnsf] ] gkfnL] k9fPsf ] xg] {] rfxfgf lta | ?kd } hfu/] cfof ] . ;fRr+ } kf7zfnfdf clxn] ^ hgf gof+ / k'/fgf lzIfs eGbf sfgn' ] cfVff+ e6] h:t] } vzL' nfUof ] . Ps ;lgaf/ lzlIfsfx¿n] xKtfsf] Ps 306f lt krf;} hgf xfdL gfgLx¿ lnP/ uof}+ . c? p:t} / plgx¿hq} ljBfly{ efOa}gLx¿nfO k9fPsf] s'/f n]Vg kfp+bf s]6fs]6L Pp6f l;;}l;;f ePsf] 7'nf] sf]7fdf a;]/ c;fWo vzL' nfusf] ] 5 . utjif;Dd{ :jo;+ js] eP/ kl9/fv]sf] aflx/af6} b]v]kl5 xfd|f s]6fs]6L aflx/ ;+u} k9fO/x]sf dWoaf6} s]xL lzlIfsfx¿;+u cfh al;/xg ;s]gg . leq k;]/ c?;+u} plgx¿klg enfs';f/L ug]{ ljrf/ u/]sL 5' d}n] / jxf+x¿nfO

We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Dr. Batu, Puja, Ayushma & Arnav Sharma

Sangalo 2018 49 Issue 18, Year 18 ;fw] sf] kZgsf| ] pQ/ h:tfsf ] t:t } oxfx¿df+ /fvsL] ;GttL k/fof h:tf gag'g eGgfsf nflu g]kfnL 5' . va/ kfp+ x} tkfOx¿nfO s:tf] nfUof] . l;sfPsf] . dfG5]nfO{ h] s'/fsf] cefa x'G5 lg nfdf] ;dob]lv g]kfnL efiff / To;}sf] dxTj Hofbf x'G5 . g9f+6L eGg' kbf{ xfdL ;:slt[ l;sfO/xg ' ePsL lzlIfsf ;a ef}lts ;'v;'lawf vf]Hb} cd]l/sf cfof}+ / lt ;'hftf 9'+u]nn] d}n] ;f]w]sf ;a } ;lawf' / ;DkGgtfdf xfdf| ;Gtfgx¿ xs' b{ } 5g kZgx¿nfO| o;/L pQ/ lbgePsf' ] t/ plgx¿nfO{ of] ;Dkgtfsf] s'g} dxTj x'Fb}g 5 M lsgsL plgx¿n ] lakGgtf bv] s] } 5gg} \ . efnL] s/f' != dfte[ fiff egs] f ] s ] xf ] < o;sf] a'‰g] eP/ g]kfn hf+bf Toxf+ g]kfnL efiff ghfg]sf] dxTj s] 5 < v8sf\ ] gk/f;] \ xfdf| ;GttLnfO { eGgfsf nflu gkfnL] Pp6f lzz ' of ] wtLdf{ hGdg ] lalQs} l;sfPsf] xf] . p;sL cfdfn ] p;uF cflTdo efa ld;fpb } aftlrt cfˆgf cfdf afa', Oi6ldq ;f/f;Fu xfd|f ;Gtfgn] ug { yflN5g \ rfx ] Tof ] afnsn ] cfdfsf s/f' aemf' ;] \ ;w}+ ;xh} cfTd;fy ug{ ;s'g\ eGgsf] nflu / of ga'emf];\ . To;} efiff, To;} af]nLaf6 cfˆgf] lab]zdf a;]tfklg g]kfnL efiffsf] ;]jf u/]/ g]kfn rfnrng, ;+:s[ltn] l;+lrt ub}{ pQm afnsnfO{ cfdf k|tL cfˆgf] st{Ao kfngf / pgL dfly Gofo jf:tljs hLag k|bfg ul5{g . ub {} cfTd;Gt:6L' lngsf ] nflu d cdl/sfdf] hlGdP/ pQm afns xs' b{ } hfbf+ ;fxL] efiffsf AoQmLx¿;usfF ] x'ls{Psf efOalxlgx¿nfO{ g]kfnL efiff l;sfp+5' . p7a; / ;]/f]km]/f]df x's{G5 . h;af6 p;n] cfkm' #= g]kfnL efiff l;sfpg slQsf] ;lhnf] 5 t < sf ] x F' eg/] cfNofpg+} ;Sg ] xG5' . To;n} ,] jf:tjdf Psbd } sl7g 5 . To;df klg labzdf] -cdl/sfdf_] eGg ' kbf { cfkmnfO' { hGd lbg ] cfdf / ToxL ;/f] km] /f] af6] hGd ] xs' sf{] s6fs] l6nfO] { gkfnL] efiff l;sfpg ' Hofb} k|:km'l6t efiff g} dft[efiff xf] h:tf] dnfO{ hl6n sfo{ xf] . g :s'ndf b]V5g s;}n] g]kfnL nfUb5 . af]n]sf], g /]l8of] l6eLdfg} cfp+5 g]kfnL sfo{qmd, @= tkfO{+ lsg cd]l/sfdf hGd]/ x's{b} u/]sf g aflx/ k;n lt/ g} st} s;}n] af]n]sf x'G5g\ . efOalxgLx¿nfO{ g]kfnL efiff l;sfpg' x'G5 < cem To; dfly stL hgfsf] t 3/ leq klg xfdL laleGg sf/0faz g]kfnaf6 cd]l/sf cfof}+, afa'cfdfn] cª|]hL efiffdf g} s'/fsfgL ul/lbbf lt a:of +} . yfxf 5g,} slxn ] ;Dd al;G5 . xfdL lablzPsf] snLnf s6fs] l6sf] ] dgl:yltdf gkfnL] efiffn ] Pp6f sf/0fn] xfd|f ;GttL cfh lab]zdf hlGd/x]sf, TofG›f ] htLklg 7fp F kfPsf ] xb+' g} . plgx¿df gkfnL] x'ls{/x]sf 5g . plgx¿ g]kfnLsf ;Gtfg x'g . efiff ktL| lat:0ff[ hfusf] ] xG5' . pgLx¿nfO { ;se/ plgx¿sf] g};lu{s clwsf/ 5 g]kfnL efiff l;Sg gkfnL] afNg] gk/ ] xGYof' ] h:tf ] xG5,' k9g\ gk/ ] xGYof' ] kfpg' h:tf] dnfO{ nfUb5 . s;n] / s;/L g]kfnL H:tf ] xG5' cem To; dfly nVg] t emg } gk/ ] xGYof' ] efiff l;sfOb]nf d]/f ;GtfgnfO{ eg]/ d}n] s'/]/ h:tf ] xG5' . o:tf ] l:yltsf s6fs] l6nfO] { gkfnL] sIff a:bf l9nf] eO;s]sf] x'G5 eGg] qf;n] d}n] cfFkm} xKtfsf] Ps lbg, Ps 306f k9fP/ af]Ng, n]Vg / gkfnL] l;sfpg ;g \ @))& bvL] lg/Gt/ nflu/xsf] ] k9\g l;sfpg] s'/f s'g} klg xfntdf rfgr'g] s'/f 5' . elaiodf olb lo ;Gtfgn] g} ædnfO{ g]kfnL xf]Og h:tf] dnfO{ nfUb5 . xfd|f] g]kfnsf las6 lsg gl;sfPsf] afnsfsfndfæ eg]/ k|Zg ubf{ lhNnfx¿ h:t} x'Dnf, d'u", 8f]6L h:tf lhNnfsf xfdLnfO { UnfgL gxf;,] cfˆgf ] bz] gkfn] hfbf+ xfdf| ljBfyLx¿nfO{ { cªhL]| efiff l;sfpg / labzdf] hGd]

We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Hom, Dhanu, Aagat & Aalekh Pandey

Sangalo 2018 50 Issue 18, Year 18 xs' sf{] afnaflnsfnfO { gkfnL] efiff l;sfpg plQs} Pp6f g]kfnL kf7zfnf ?kL rf}tf/Lsf] aGbf]a:t rgf' tLk} 0f" { sfo { xf ] em +} dnfO { nfUb5 . d/f] ] larf/df, ul/lbPsf ] 5 hg' rftf/Ldf} dnfO { laleGg u?' tyf l;sfpg ufxf|] x'G5 eg]/, cyjf o;/L l;sfP/ u'?cfdfx¿n] ;w}+ d4t ug{' x'G5 k9fpgsf sltGh]n ;fWo nfU5 / eg]/ l;sfpg g} sf]zLz nflu . ltg} u'?cfdfx¿ dWo ls Ps tkfO{+ klg gug{' eg]sf] o'4 e"lddf zq' ;Fu ;fdgf g} gul/ xg' x' G5' . ;w +} ;fsf/fTds ;frn] ] lg/Gt/tf lbg ] sxL] 8/fP/ 3'+8f 6]Sg' h:tf] xf] . d of]4f x'F d cfkm' cleefasx¿ x'g'x'G5 p+xfx¿sf] z'esfdgfn] klg hGd]sf] ynf] 5f]8]/ cfPsf] Ps hjfg AoQmL x'F . dnfO{ c3L a9\g ck|ToIf ?kdf ;xof]u eO/x]sf] d}n] g]kfnL efiffnfO{ dfof u5{' To;}n] of] o'4 ?kL 5 . jftfj/0fdfklg d ;a r'gf}ltsf] ;fdgf ub}{ d}n] %= cd]l/sL Ao:t hLjgdf efiff l;sfpg s;/L ;s ] htL, d/f] ] lhp Hofgn ] wfg ] ;Dd d nl8/xG5,' ;do lgsfNg' x'G5 < l;sfO/xG5,' sd { ub {} hfbf+ kmn cjZo ldN5 l9nf] c?sf ] h:t } Ao:t 5 d/f] ] hLag klg . ;fdaf/] bvL] rf+8f] eGg] s'/fdf ljZjf; u5{' . z'qmaf/ ;Dd laxfg * ah]b]vL ;f+em % ah];Dd $= lg/Gt/ ?kdf gk] fnL efiff l;sfpg s;/L ;Dea sfof{nod} x'G5' . ;f+em ^ ah] b]vL ( ah] ;Ddsf] ePsf] 5 < s;}n] ;xof]u ul//fv]sf] 5 ls < ;dodf 5f/f] 5f/LnfO] { laleGg cltl/Qm sofsnfksf[ k|Zgdf oxfFn] ;xof]u dfq eGg' eof] olb cfly{s sIffdf Nofpbf nf+bf, plgx¿nfO{ v'jfO lknfO{, ;xofusf] ] s/f' ug '{ ePsf ] xf ] eg ] rfxLF To;sf ] pQ/ u[xsfo{ u/fpbf u/fpb} lgG›fn] 5f]lk;s]sf] x'G5 . æz'Goæ ======xf xf xfÛ afsLF /Xof ] zlgaf/ / cfOtjf/{ ToxL @ lbgdf afsL+ d}n] slxNo} klg z'Ns lnP/ g]kfnL efiff k9fpg] ;Dk"0f{ ;fdflhs sfo{ nufot cfˆgf] 3/sf] sfd jf l;sfpg] u/]sf] 5}g cfhsf lbg ;Dd, ef]nL s] l;Wofpg ' k5 { . ;fxL] lbg clnstL ;do kl/jf/;uF x'G5 yfxf 5}g . cGo s'/fdf kSs} ;xof]u 5 gq ;6' Ss' rf/] /] gkfnL] k9fpg hfG5 ' . elgG5 lg hxfF s;/L otL nfdf] !@ aif{ ;Dd lg/Gt/ nflu/xg OR5f To+xf pkfo eg]/ . ;Sy +] / < ;a } eGbf 7nf" ] ;xofu] d/f] ] >Ldfg ;lgn' ^= tkfO{+n] k9fPsf ljBfly{x¿;+u tkfO{ s] cfzf 9'+u]nsf] 5 h;n] zlgaf/ cfOtjf/sf] ;dodf /fVg' x'G5 < :jo;+ as] eP/ gkfnL] efiff k9fpg hfbf+ cfh;Ddf sIffdf lg/Gt/ ?kdf cfpmg . slxn ] cfpg ] slxn] Ps k6s ghfp eGg ' ePsf ] 5g} . ;w +} dnfO { pT;fx gcfpg] gu?g\ . oQL b'Vv u/]/ k9fPsf] afn'jfdf / hf+u/ el/lbg] d]/f >LdfgnfO{ o;} cGtjf{tfsf] kfgL xfn] em}+ v]/ ghfcf];\ . g]kfnL sIffdf cfP/ dfWodaf6 wGojfb lbg rfxG5' . p+xfsf] ;fy} d]/f dfq klg xb+' g} sd;sd] 3/df klg xKtfdf Psk6s ltg} hgf 5f]/f 5f]/L ;'s[lt, ;'xfgL / ;'edx¿sf] cfdf afaf ;Fu a;]/ k9'g, u[xsfo{ u/]/ Nofpg\ klg ;xofu] 5 dnfO { . s/f' alemlbG5g' cfdf Ao:t h:tf ] nfU5 . gkfnL] efiff / ;:s+ ltnfO[ { klg Pp6f 5] ;w} eg]/ . plgx¿nfO{ ;/;kmfO ul/lbg] a]nf, cleGg cusf+ ] ?kdf lnpg, nv] g,' k9g,' Pp6f c;n kfsdf{ vnfpg] nfg ] anf,] ahf/ 3dfpg' nfg ] anfdf] gful/s agg,' cfkm ' a;sf] ] ;dfh / gkfnL] ;dfhnfO{ dn} ] gkfnL] sIff hfg ' k5 { eGbf hfGg eGbgg} \ . stL ;w +} ul/dfdo agfpg \ . gkfnL] efiffnfO { klg cfˆgf] k6s t g]kfnL sIff ePs} a]nfdf plgx¿sf pGgtLsf ] lzv/ ;Dd kof' pg{ \ . cgL plgx¿n ] To:df ;fyLx¿sf ] hGdlbgsf ] kf6L { k/sf] ] xG5' t/ plgx¿nfO{ ua{ u?g / xfdLnfO{ klg uf}/aflGjt t'Nofpg\ . yfxf 5 g]kfnL sIff kl5 dfq jf c3L dfq kf6L{ TotL ubf{ ub}{ k'gM g]kfnL efiff csf]{ lk+l9df ;fg]{ hfg kfOG5 eg/] . To;df plgx¿n ] slxNo } emu8f anf] eO;S5{ . clxn ] dn} ] l;sfP em +} d/f] ljBflyn{ ] ub}{gg\ . dnfO{ clxn] Pp6f s'/fsf] ofb cfof], d}n] klg efnL] gof F cfpg ] lkl9nfO+ { gkfnL] efiff l;sfpb+ } g]kfnL efiff k9fpg z'? ubf{ ;fgL 5f]/L # aif{sL hfpg\ . g]kfnL efiffnfO{ lab]zd} -cd]l/sfd}_ a;] lyO{ . 5f]/f ;'ednfO{ t d}n] @ dlxgfsf] x'Fbf b]vL klg chDa/L agfO/x'g . sf/l;6df af]s]/ g]kfnL efiff k9fpg hfGy]+ . d/L] ljBfyL { cfoZdf' zdf { hf ] clxn] kfl/jfl/s ;xof]u o;/L k|fKt ePsf] 5 dnfO{ . lzlIfsf eP/ c?;+u} ;fgf o;sf] cnfjf @))& b]vL @)!! ;Dd g]a|f:sf efOa}gLx¿nfO g]kfnL k9fO/x]sL gkfnL] ;f;fO6L] / @)!@ bvL] xfn;Dd gkfn] ;G6/] 5g \ . dn} ] ;fw] sf] kZgx¿nfO| pgn] ckm gy { Sof/flngfn] ] gkfnL] efiff l;sfpg,] k9fpg] o;/L pQ/ lbPsL 5gM Sangalo 2018 51 Issue 18, Year 18 1. Why do you like Nepalese language? While it is true that there are many different areas I do not just like the Nepalese language, I love it. where I can volunteer, not everyone has the A very wise man named Edmund de Wall once said opportunity to volunteer at a Nepalese school, “With languages, you are at home anywhere.” teaching a language that I am so proud to speak. I Growing up thousands of miles away from my grew up going to Nepalese school, and I remember motherland, our Nepalese language was the most always looking up to the ‘uncles’ and ‘auntys’, ‘dais’ important way that I preserved the cultures and and ‘didis’ wishing I could teach the same way that values of home. It was the first language that I they taught me. So after I graduated Nepalese school learned to speak while growing up, and I cherish in 2015, I was ecstatic to finally have the opportunity everything that I have gained from the language. to pass on the knowledge that I have learned to Growing up in America, we are bound to learn others. Nepalese school has not only given me that English. However, I have learned that while one opportunity, but it is also a great way for me to language may set us in a corridor for life, a second refresh my memory, and ensure that I never forget language will open every door along the way. Our how to read and write as well. As I always say, Nepalese language has done that for me, and that practice makes perfect! On top of that, I love being is why I love it the most. around little kids, and teaching at Nepalese school 2. Do you have any interesting things to remember means I get to be around them all the time. Not only when you were learning Nepalese language at am I able to teach little kids how to read and write the very beginning? Nepalese, but I also have the opportunity to teach My family and I migrated to the U.S. when I was dance there. As many people know, I am a huge three years old, so I was already able to speak dance enthusiast, so I really enjoy being able to Nepalese. I remember beginning to learn English, teach the kids. I am motivated to teach Nepalese and being very confused on which language to use language at Nepalese school because it is the perfect at which setting. In order to assure that I would platform for me to do all the things I love. I consider never forget our language, my family and I made a myself very lucky to have that opportunity. rule that once we are inside of the house, we can 4. You are a high school student, isn't it hard to never speak in English. Because of that rule I can balance both Nepalese and English language? still speak Nepalese very fluently. The hard part Because I have been speaking both languages for came when I began learning how to read and write so long, I think I have found a good balance between Nepalese. I first began going to Nepalese school in the two, but I remember it being very difficult when Omaha, Nebraska. While attending there, Sujata I was a kid. I remember going to the park and talking aunty was my teacher, and I learned a lot of my to kids in Nepalese, and then later crying because writing from there. I remember at the beginning, they could not understand what I was saying. The having a lot of trouble remembering all of the same used to occasionally happen at school. At alphabet. I would learn the first few lines, master home, although I tried my very best to not speak them, and move on to the last few lines, and by the English, I remember occasionally having to speak time I had learned the last few lines, the first few it to get my point across. It’s hard when you are a would once again become confusing. While writing, little kid trying to balance both languages at once. I also remember frequently writing letters backwards. But after a while, it became a lot easier. The same Especially ‘Ba’ and ‘Wuh’. I learned that it’s a happens with balancing the Nepalese and American process, and only a lot of practice can help you get culture. We are expected to follow both cultural better. Reading Nepalese was the same way. At first, norms, but for people of any age, that can be difficult I was very -very slow, but with practice, I gradually to adjust to. Now, as a high school student, I think got better. I have found a balance between the two. By no 3. There are plenty of areas to do volunteering, means is the balance perfect, but it has been working but how did you motivate to teach Nepalese well for me. language?

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Sangalo 2018 53 Issue 18, Year 18 hflu/ ePkl5 r} ckf6{d]G6 lng'knf{ h:tf] s'/f ug{ ef8fdf nufpg' k¥of], vfnL vfnL g} ef], lsrg] klg yfn] ldq t . csf]{ xKtf leqsf] 3}F6fdf 3fd nfu]5 . 5 Pp6f km]ldnL dHhfn] a:g ;S5g\ eGg] x]t'n] n ckf6d{ G6] vfHg] ' k/f ] uf8L klg lsGg ' k/f ] eGg ] s/fdf' OG6/g]6sf] ;xf/f lnP5g\ ef8fdf a:g] dfG5] vf]Hg . cfP . cfkm"nfO{ klg 7"nf] kl/jf/ cln w]/} e};s]sf]n] geGb} t];|f] lbgd} Ps 8fS6/ x'F eGg]n] ;Dks{ u/]5 . efnL] g } sf7f] vfHg] ] s/f' ] eof ] . ckf6d{ G6df] pgLx?sf] 8fS6/sf ] egfO { cg;f/' pm sfl/ofaf6] o=P;=P=" cfpg s]xL qm]l86 gePsf]n] dlxgfsf] @)) 8n/ a9L - nfusf ] ca o=P;=P=" d } a:g ] ul/ . 3/ ef8f dlxgfsf] &))±@))_ gf} ;o dfl;s ltg]{ zt{ /fVof] lnl;+u %)) 8n/ lbg] u/L ;dembf/L klg eP5 . xfdL;Fu} dg] h/n] ] . d cfkm " hfGg ] eP/ sf;fOg] a;/] Tof ] @)) sfd uYof}{F ldqn] 3/ ef8fdf nfUg] ef] 6]g]G6n] tLg 8n/ x6fOlbFbf] eP . ev{/ cfPsf 5f]/f5f]/L 5g\ eGg] dlxgfsf] !%)) 8n/ klg d]/f] a}+s vftfdf hDdf lx;fan] cfkm" ;xof]uL aGbf] eP Psjif{sf] lnh ul/;Sof] eg]/ v';L JoQm u/] . To:sf] t];|f] lbgdf ul/of] . w/f}6L @))) 8n/ d}n] g} kl5 ltg]{ ul/ ;fyL Gofp/f] d'v nufP/ s'/f ug{ yfn] . Tof] k|m8 /flvlbP . pgLx? ;/] klg . cfkm";Fu ePsf s]xL /x]5 . d]/f] a}+saf6 ;Dk"0f{ /sd nUof] . a}+sn] klg ;fdfuLx?| ;xofu] klg ul/of ] . bO' { xKtf ePkl5 Pp6f lbP5 . asdf+} km8| kf| 6] S;g] ln eGbf klg lnPsf ] lyPg ;]s]G8 x]G8 xf]G8f uf8L klg l7s} bfddf kfOof] . d}n] d]/f] ())) 8n/ To;n] nUof] . l/kf]6{ t u/]sf] asaf6+} *))) nfgdf] dfl;s !)% 8n/ ltg {] u/L Tof] 5 ' t/ kfpg ] cfz /xg] . pgsf ] k;f} ;a } emjfd\ kf/5] klg sf];fOg a;]/ lslgof] . uf8L l;s] . nfO;]G; sf]l/og 8fS6/n] . klg lnP . lhljsf] rNb} lyof] . t];|f] dlxgfsf] lbg oL t eP d}n] dfq hfg]sf e};s]sf 36gf . o:t} xfdLnfO{ vfgf vfg af]nfP ldqn] . vfgf vfg a:bf k|fs[lts ;of}F 36gfx? u5{g\ cd]l/sfdf . slxn] a:b} ldqn] cfkm" t csf]{ :6]6df a;fO{ hfg] s'/f] kf] tkfOnfOF{ { o=P;=" uedG6sf{] nflu ;n] S6] u/sf] ] 5 nfvfF} u/] af . d}n] ;DemfPF hxfF uPkl5 xfdL ;'?df oxfF 8n/ Sn]d ug{ sn u/ cyf{t\ k|f];];sf nflu kmnfgf] cfpg]x?n] kfpg] ha To:t} xf] ;as'/f la:tf/} ldNb} 7fpFdf olt k};f dlgu|fd dfkm{t k7fpm . clk|msfsf] hfG5 . ldqsf ] ldqn ] ptf sgelgPG6] :6f/sf] ] Dofgh/] wgL kl/jf/sf ] Tolt nfv 8n/ p;sf ;Gtfg gePsfn] ] eP/ sfd ug{ cfpg' eg]sf /x]5g\ . kl5 yfxf ef] ltdL ;Rrf OdfGbf/ l;l6hg ePsf] gftfn] ;]n]S6 ltgnfO { klg :6f/] rnfpg ] cln e/kbf {] gkfnL] kl/jf/ ePsf 5f} . ltd|f] k};f Sn]d ul/xfn, ltdLn] u/]sf] rflxPsf] /x]5 . ldq t hfg] g} eP t/ ckf6{d]G6n] 6\ofS; kmfOlnË ;lx 5}g To; jfkt ltdLnfO{ s]xL afsLF tLg dlxgfsf ] dfl;s lnh / w/f6L} emjfd\ kfg{] lbgd} k'ln;n] ;dfpFb} 5 To;af6 aRg] xf] eg] of] ef] . d cfkm" sf];fOg/ ePsfn] d]/f] sfFwdf Tof] ef/ gDa/df ;Dks{ u/ eGg] h:tf sof}F kmf]gx? cfpg] kg]{ ef] . uf8Lsf] klg ToxL kf/f x'g] ef] . uf8L t ub5g{ \ . lt kmfgsf] ld7f / lttf s/f' dfq } xg' \ . tkfOsfF{ ] ar] ] sxL] 3f6f eP klg km/s kbg{} eGgdf] d lyP t/ ulNt eP o"=P;=cf/ n] kmf]g slxn] klg ub}{g p;n] ckf6{d]G6sf] d]/f] C0f r} pgL d]g]h/ eP/ sdfPkl5 tkfO{FnfO{ asfObf lr7L k7fpF5 ;dfwfgsf] pkfo ltg]{ s'/f] u/], guO{ g5f]8\g] eP cflv/ dnfO{ C0f ;lxt . sf]lx klg To:tf k|m8x?sf] sf/0f emGem6df nufP/ uP . uPkl5 ;?sf' sxL] lbg t ukm eof ] t/ gkg'{xf]nf eGg] klg d]/f] rfxgf . kl5 kl5 kmf]g klg u/]gg\ . Tof] ckf6{d]G6df d}n] cfkm " ;Sof] /] /xg cfkmgf\ ] gfd, y/, hGdldlt ;fjhlgs{ Pshgf ldqnfO{ /fv]/ ;fkf]gfkf] ldnfP, of] cfkm\g} ldl8ofx?df g/fVg'xf]nf . ;f]l;on ;]s'l/6L gDa/ / 36gf . o;/L ;fgf]ltgf] s'/fn] Nofpg] emGem6df c? lxt}ifL ldqnfO{ klg glbg'xf]nf . 8«fOleË nfO;]G;, sf]xL gkm;f];\ eGg] d]/f] rfxgf lg . qm]l86 sf8{ jf x/]s cfO8Lx? ;'/lIft /fVg'xf]nf . To:t} y'k|} 36gfx? 36\g ;S5g\ ghfg]/ jf Vofn ljleGg axfgfdf n6' g\ ,] wDSofpg,] nfEofpg] ] / 7Ugx?af6] gk'Ubf . o:t} csf]{ 36gfM Ps ldqn] 3/sf] a];d]G6 ;fjwfg /xg'xf]nf x}, l;Wofpnfg\ . O{lt .. We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Shiva Bhattarai & Family

Sangalo 2018 54 Issue 18, Year 18 6«fo8 If]qdf l6= Pg= l;= l;= -TNCC_ sf] kl/ro uLtf sF8]n k|jf;df /x]sf g]kfnLx¿sf] ;'v b'Mvsf] ;fyL aGb} lyof] . To:t} g]kfnL 6«fo8 af;Lx¿s} ;xof]udf g]kfnL snf ;+:s[lt / g]kfnLkgnfO{ hLjGt /fVg] g]kfnL kf7zfnfsf] :yfkgf eof] . cfkm\gf p2Zosf] ;fy ;g \ @)!) ;fndf :yfkgf ePsf ] xf] 5f]/f5f]/Lx¿nfO{ cfkm\gf] dft[efiffk|ltsf] dfofdf]x 6«fo8 g]lKnh sDo'lg6L ;]G6/ -l6= Pg= l;= l;=_ sfod /flv/xgsf ] nfluof ] sbd klg cufl8 a9fOof] ljleGg ;d:ofx¿;Fu h'Wb} ;+3if{ ub}{ cfh l6=Pg= / cfh;Dd klg kf7zfnfn] lg/Gt/tf lnO/x]sf] l;= l;= cfkm\gf] v'§fdf pleg ;kmn ePsf] 5 . 5 . To:t } gkfnL] snf ;flxTonfO { hugf] { ug {] / l6 ;?jftsf' lbgx¿ ;DembF } c;Dej h:t } nfU5 cfhsf] Pg l; l; leqsf ;dfrf/x¿nfO{ ;Dk"0f{ of] lbg . !%÷@) hgf ;b:ox¿sf] ;fy lnP/ 6fo8af;Lx¿sf« ] cufl8 Nofpg ] xt] n' ] lqj0fL] qdfl;s} a;Gt v8\sfsf] cWoIftfdf :yfkgf ePsf] lyof] . klqsfsf] k|sfzg sfo{ klg ;'? ul/of] . cfh klg la:tf/} ;xof]uL xftx¿ vf]Hb} ;+3if{sf lbgx¿nfO{ lqj0fL] Goh" n6/] ksfzg| sfo { ;rf?" ?kdf cufl8 cfTd;fy ub {} ;b:otf a9fpbF } xfdLn ] l6 Pg l; l; al9/x]sf] 5 . ljleGg dxTjk"0f{ sfo{df l6 Pg l; s] xf] eg]/ lrgfpg ;kmn ePsf 5f}F h:tf] nfU5 l; s } xftfleq glKnh] xl/6] h] ;G6/] ckm Sof/flngfh] \ . klxnf ] sfosfn{ a;Gt v8sfsf\ ] cWoIftfdf ePsf] Pg\ Pr\ ;L ;L ejg agfpg] eg]/ kxnx¿ eP . lyof ] . o; sfosfn{ z?jft' lyof ] . gkfnLx¿sf] ] cflys{ cefjsf sf/0f ljleGg ;d:ofx¿;uF n8b\ ,} hd36 yf]/} Tolx yf]/} ;+VofnfO{ Pp6f gfd lbg] afwfx¿nfO{ kf/ nufpb} ejg lgdf{0fsf] sfo{nfO{ xt] n' ] ;u7gsf+ ] ?k lnof ] . a;Gt v8sfs\ } cWoIftfdf ;rf?" ul/of ] . cflys{ ;sng+ tyf ejg lgdf0fsf{ ] ;+:yfsf] kmG8 /fOhsf] klg :yfkgf eof] . h;af6 nflu cf}krfl/s sfo{x¿ cl3 al9/x]sf 5g\ . ;:yfnfO+ { lgs } ;xofu] kUof' ,] o;n ] ;:yfsf+ ] cflys{ xfn rln/xsf] ] sfosfn{ ;fGTjgf v8sfsf\ ] cWoIftfdf kIfnfO{ lgs} ;xof]u ldNof] / cfh ;Dd klg of] cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 . o; sfo{sfndf klg ljleGg sfo { cufl8 al9/xsf] ] 5 . la:tf/ } nfOkm dDa/x¿] sfo{x¿ eO/x]sf 5g\ . wfld{s cf:yf tyf cfly{s klg a9fpFb} uOof], ;b:ox¿sf] ;+Vof klg a9\b} ;sngsf+ ] p2Zon] ] ;ft lbg ] >Ldbefujt\ dxfk/f0f' uO/x]sf] 5, of] s'/f l6 Pg l; l; cfef/L 5 . olx sfosfndf{ ;DkGg eof ] . h;n ] l6 Pg l; l; bf];|f] sfo{sfn 8f= gf/fo0f v8\sfsf] cWoIftfdf nfO{ lrgfpg ;kmn eP-sf] 5 . h;af6 ejg eof] . o; sfo{sfndf klg lgs} dxTjk"0f{ sfdx¿ lgdf0fdf{ lgs } 7nf" ] d2t ldnsf] ] 5 . oxL sfosfndf{ eP . dxTjk"0f{ sfo{df l6 Pg l; l; sf] gfpFdf ejg lgdf{0f sfo{sf nflu sfo{;ldlt u7g eof], hUuf lslgof] . h'g sfo{ yfNbf l6 Pg l; l; sf h;sf ] cWoIftfdf klzd| kf8} ofnn\ ] ul//xg ' ePsf] xftdf cfly{s /sd lgs} sd lyof], t}klg g]kfnL 5 . OlGhlgo/x¿;Fu ;xsfo{ ub}{ cf}krfl/s sfo{ hg;d'bfo dflysf] e/f];fnfO{ cfTd;fy u/]/ sfo{ ;'? ePsf] / OlGhlgo/x¿sf cg';f/ gfk gS;f cufl8 a9fOof ] / ;kmn klg eOof ] . Tolx sfosfndf{ tyf l8hfOg cfpg afsLF /xsf] ] s/f' cjut u/fpg luG;a| f| /f] sf] ] sxL] ;:yfaf6+ klg cflys{ ;xofu] eof] rfxG5f}F . ;fy} 6«fo8 g]lKnh sDo'lg6L ;]G6/s} ;b:ox¿sf To:t} xfn}dfq o'jfx¿nfO{ cfTd;fy u/L ægofF sfo{:ynaf6 klg cfly{s ;xof]u k|fKt ePsf] k':tfÆ ;d/ SofDksf] klg cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 . We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Dr. Shraddha Devkota & Family

Sangalo 2018 55 Issue 18, Year 18 h;n] ubf{ cd]l/sfd} eP / eO/xg] 5g\ . dfq hlGdPsf g] kfnL vfFrf] / g]kfnL Pstf / 5f/f5f] /Lx¿nfO] { gkfnLkg,] cfkm\gf]kgsf] . ha;Dd uLtfsf ] cWoog, ln8/;Lk, gkfnLx¿] Pstfa4 xG5g' ,\ ;f];n hl:6; tyf cGo ta;Dd g]kfnL larsf] y'k|} ljifox¿df 1fg efOrf/f alnof] eO/xG5 . u/fOPsf] lyof] . g]kfnL cGTodf of ] cfux| ug { rfxG5,' lxGb ' wd { / ;:s+ ltsf[ ] hugf] { l6 Pg l; l; df lelh6 ug{ ug]{ x]t'n] l6 Pg l; l; cfpg'xf]nf, x]g'{xf];\ clg n] dfl;s ehg ;T;ª\u s[kof ;Nnfx ;'emfjx¿ tyf g]kfnL snf / lbg'xf]nf . xfdL ;b}j ;+uLtnfO{ pTk|]l/t ul/ xh/x¿s' } dfu { bzgdf{ sbd snfsf/x¿ cuf8L ;fg { / snfsf ] ;Ddfg ug {] xt] n' ] cuf8L a9fO/xg] 5f}F / o; ;+:yfnfO{ g]kfnLx¿s} g[To, uLt, ;+uLt sfo{qmd z/udsf] gfddf cl3 gd"gf ;+:yfsf] ?kdf ;kmn agfpg sl6a4 5f}F . al9/xsf] ] 5 . 6fo8« Ifqdf] a;faf;] ug {] cfdfx¿n] olb tkfOx¿nfOF{ { l6 Pg l; l; klt| sxL] lh1f;fx¿ wflds{ sfonfO{ { cufl8 a9fpbF } ehg d08nLsf ] klg 5g \ eg ] tyf l6 Pg l; l; leq /x/] 6fo8« sDolg6L' :yfkgf ePsf ] 5 . o; sfodf{ l6 Pg l; l; cfef/L ;]G6/nfO{ s]lx ;xof]u ug{ rfxg'x'G5 eg] 6«fo8 klg 5 . sDo'lg6L ;]G6/n] g]kfnLx¿ tyf g]kfnL snf / utsf jifx¿df{ eGbf o; jif { 6fo8« glKnh] sDolg6L' ;:s+ ltsf[ ] nflu sxL] pbfx/0f aGg ;S5 h:tf ] nfU5 ;]G6/sf] lgu/fgLdf lgs} dxTjk"0f{ sfo{x¿ ;DkGg / xfdLn] ;xof]u ug'{k5{ h:tf] nfU5 eg], s[kof eP h;n] 6«fo8 If]qdf l6 Pg l; l;nfO{ lrgfpg xfd|f] j]j;fO6df lelh6 ug{ ;Sg'x'G5 . dxTjk0f" { eldsf" vn] sf] ] 5 . o:t } o:t } w/] } sfox¿{ wGojfb . We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Rabindra Karki & Family We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Kamal Kafle, Preeti Sharma, Utsav Kafle, Dev Kafle We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Pranab Shrestha & Puja Shrestha, Apex, NC

Sangalo 2018 56 Issue 18, Year 18 u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3 -Pg cf/ Pg P_ / k|jfl;Psf xfdLx?

afa'/fd kf]v/]n kl5Nnf] ;do ljZjJofkLs/0f;Fu} g]kfnLx¿ klg eg ] rfla;} /fHox¿df RofK6/x¿ vn' sf] 5g \ . oL ;+;f/sf ljleGg b]zx¿df k'u]sf 5g\ . /f]huf/L, dWo] gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf RofK6/ klg Ps ;lqmo cWoog / cGo l;nl;nfdf emG8} %) nfv eGbf RofK6/sf] ?kdf lqmoflzn 5 . klxnf] k6s ;g\ a9L ;+Vofdf g]kfnL g]kfn aflx/ /x]sf] cg'dfg @)!% df :yflkt gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf RofK6/sf] xfn ul/G5 . cd]l/sf, Sofg8f, ci6«]lnof, a]nfot cflb bf;] f| ] sfosfn{ xf ] . xfn gy { Sof/fnfOgfaf6] sl/a bzx¿df] t gkfnLx¿n] ] :yfoL a;faf;] ;dt] yfnsf] ] rf/ ;o hgf kl~hs[t ;b:o 5g\ eg] ljleGg kfOG5 . euf" nsf] ] hg' sgfdf' ku' ] klg xfdL gkfnLx¿] zx/sf] k|ltlglwTj ub}{ !! ;b:oLo sfo{;ldlt efjgfdf g]kfnL g} eP/ /Dg rfxG5f}F . o;}n] xfdL 5 . gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf RofK6/n] cfkm\gf] :yfkgf hxfF hxfF /x]klg cf}krfl/s of cgf}krfl/s ?kdf sfnb]lv g} :yfgLo ;+3 ;+:yfx¿;Fusf] ;xsfo{df ;ul7t+ eP/ /xg ] u/sf] 5f F} . xfdL a:g ] ;x/x¿df g]kfnL ;d'bfosf] lxtsf nflu sfo{qmdx¿ ub}{ gkfnL] dnsf" ;fdbflos' ;:yfx¿+ vn' sf] 5g,\ ltgn] cfPsf] 5 . u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3n] ug]{ gkfnL] ljleGg ;fdflhs, ;f:s+ lts[ sfoqmdx¿{ ub{} sfoqmdx¿df{ :yfgLo RofK6/, /fli6o« ;dGjo ;ldlt cfPsf 5g \ . o;sf cltl/Qm ljleGg kzf] / rfxgfsf / cGt/f{li6«o ;dGjo ;ldltsf] cf–cfkm\g} bfo/f cfwf/df klg k|jf;df y'k|} ;+3;+:yfx¿ v'n]sf 5g\ . oBlk oL sfo{qmdx¿nfO{ d'Vo ?kdf tLg 5g\ . oL ;a} vfn] ;+3;+:yf eGbf km/s / a[xt efudf juL{s/0f ug{ ;lsG5 . p2Zosf] ;fy gkfn] aflx/ a:g ] ;a } gkfnLsf] ] ;femf != u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnLsf] xs lxt / 5ftf ;+u7gsf] ?kdf sfd ug]{ ;+:yfsf] vfFrf] u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3 d"ntM u}/ cfjf;Lo dx;;' u/L ;g \ @))# df u/} cfjf;Lo gkfnL] ;3+ gkfnLx¿åf/f] :yflkt ;:yf+ xgfn' ] o; ;:yfn+ ] ug{] -Pg=cf/=Pg=P_ sf] :yfkgf ul/Psf] 5 . !^ eGbf sfoqmdx¿{ bzleq] of aflx/ u/} cfjf;Lo gkfnLx¿s] } a9L b]zaf6 ! ;o ^) hgfeGbf a9L g]kfnLx¿sf] xs lxt ;+/If0f / k|a4{g ug{d} s]lGb|t 5g\ . pkl:yltdf !! cS6fa/] @))# df sf7df8fdf+} klxnf] b]zleq u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnLx¿s} xs lxt ;+/If0f k6s ljZj ;Ddngsf] ] cfofhgf] u/L ljlwjt ?kdf ugsf{ ] nflu Pgcf/Pgn ] æPsk6ssf ] gkfnL] ;bfsf] of ] ;u7gsf+ ] :yfkgf ul/Psf ] xf ] . sg' } kf6L { lg/kIf,] g]kfnLÆ eGg] gf/fnfO{ cfkm\gf] :yfkgfsfn b]lv g} s'g} wd{, If]q / hflt lg/k]If xf];\, hxfF ljb]lzPsf hf]8tf]8sf ;fy p7fPsf] 5 . kmn:j?k ;+l3o ;a} g]kfnL c6fpg ;s'g eg]/ :yflkt of] ;+:yfn] gkfnsf] ] gof F ;ljwfgsf+ ] wf/f !$ df æljbzL] dn' ssf' ] cfkm\gf] :yfkgfsfn b]lv g} ljb]zdf a;]sf gful/stf k|fKt u/]sf] blIf0f Pl;ofnL ;xof]u gkfnLx¿aLr] efOrf/fsf ] jl4[ ug,{] ljbzdf] gkfnL] ;u7gsf+ ;b:o /fi6 « afxssf] bzdf] a;faf;] u/sf] ] efiff / ;+:s[ltsf] hu]gf{ ug]{ / ljb]zdf sdfPsf] ;fljsdf jzhsf+ ] hGdsf ] cfwf/df lgh jf lghsf] wg / 1fgaf6 gkfnsf] ] ;dl4df[ 6jf] k¥ofpg' ] p2Zo] a'af jf cfdf, afh] jf ah}, g]kfnsf] gful/s /xL /fvsf] ] 5 . u/} cfjf;Lo gkfnL] ;3+ -Pg=cf/=Pg=P_ kl5 ljbzL] dn' ssf' ] gful/stf kfKt| u/sf] ] JolQmnfO{ clxn ] ljZjsf ] &* dn' sdf' :yfkgf ePsf ] 5 . ut gful/stf k|bfg ug{ ;lsg]5Æ eGg] Joj:yf u/]/ jif{ sf7df8f}+df ;DkGg cf7f}F ljZj ;Dd]ng;Dd bf]xf]/f] gful/stfsf] l;4fGtnfO{ :jLsf/ u/]sf] cfOk'Ubf;Dd sl/a &) xhf/eGbf a9L kl~hs[t 5 . of] ;+j}wflgs Joj:yf cg';f/ ljb]zdf /x]/ ;b:o 5g\ . ljbzL] gful/stf kfKt| u/sfx¿n] ] /fhgLlts afxs] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] kl/efiff cg';f/ @ jif{eGbf a9L c? clwsf/x¿ kof| u] ug { kfpg ] u/L u/} cfjf;Lo aflx/ a:g] g]kfnLx¿ u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnL x'g\ . gkfnL] gful/stf kfKt| ug { ;Sg5g] \ . oBlk o;nfO{ kl~hs[t ;b:o ;+Vofsf] cfwf/df ;+o'Qm /fHo ?kfGt/0f ug{sf nflu gLltlgod aGg afFsL 5g\ . cdl/sfsf] ] u/} cfjf;Lo gkfnL] ;3+ /fli6o« ;dGjo o;df Pg=cf/=Pg=sf] e"ldsf cem} afFsL 5 . ;ldlt ;aeGbf} 7nf" ] dflgG5 . xfn;Dd Pg=cf/=Pg Pg=cf/=Pg=P sf] kxndf g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfnL cdl/sfdf] ;q xhf/ eGbf a9L kl~hst[ ;b:o 5g\ dn' ssf' ljbzL] gful/s jf ljbzdf] a:g ] gkfnLsf] Sangalo 2018 57 Issue 18, Year 18 nflu 5§' } u/} cfjf;Lo gkfnL] kl/ro kqsf ] Joj:yf ug{ o;n] d2t k'¥ofpF . csf]{ s'/f ljb]zLx¿nfO{ u/sf] ] 5 . u/} cfjf;Lo gkfnL] ;DaGwL Pg] @)^$ gkfnL] ;:s+ lt[ / ;f:s+ lts[ ;Dkbfsf ] hfgsf/L lbP/ / lgodfjnL, @)^^ df Joj:yf eP cg;f/' sfuhft g]kfnsf] ko{6gdf 6]jf k'¥ofpg ;lsG5 . Pg cf/ ;lxt lgjbg] lbP/ ljbz] l:yt gkfnL] btfjf;af6' Pgn ] efiff, ;flxTo / ;f:s+ lts[ ;Dkbfsf ] hfgsf/L jf g]kfnsf] k//fi6« dGqfnoaf6 pQm kl/rokq lbP/ gkfnsf] ] ko6gdf{ 6jf] k¥ofpg' ;lsG5 . Pg lng ;lsg] Joj:yf 5 . cf/ Pgn] efiff, ;flxTo / ;f+:s[lt ;DaGwL sfd ljb]zdf /x]sf g]kfnLx¿nfO{ ;DalGwt b]zx¿df ug {] ;3;+ :yf;+ uF ;xsfodf{ efiff, ;flxTo / ;:s+ lt[ ælelhjn dfOgf]l/6LÆ sf] ?kdf :yflkt ug{ kxn ;Da4g{ ub {} cfPsf ] 5 . o;sf cltl/Qm anfa] nfdf] ug'{, ljb]zdf /x]sf g]kfnLx¿sf] ;'v b'Mvdf ;fy cfofhgf] xg' ] ax;f' :s+ lts[ dnfx¿df] gkfnL] ;dbfosf' ] lbg,' pgLx¿sf ] jl4ljsf;df[ ;3fpg ' Pg cf/ Pgsf] ;xeflutf ;lglZrt' u/L cfkmgf\ ] pkl:ylt hgfPsf] csf]{ dxTjk"0f{ sfo{ xf] . g]kfnLx¿nfO{ ælelhjn 5 . o:tf sfo{x¿df g]kfnL b'tfjf;;Fu ;d]t dfOgf]l/6LÆ sf] ?kdf :yflkt ug'{ Ps /0fg}lts ;xsfo { ub {} cfPsf ] 5 . o; lx;fan ] Pg cf/ Pgn] ;jfn xf] . o;sf nflu Pg cf/ Pgn] ljleGg k|jf;df Ps k|sf/sf] ;b\efjgf b"tsf] sfd ;d]t ;3;+ :yfx¿;+ uF ldn/] gkfnL] klxrfg bvfpg] ] sfd u/]sf] 5 . ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . #= g]kfnsf] ;d[l4sf ;xof]u ljbzdf] /xsf] gkfnLx¿nfO] { kg {] u/sf] / kg { ;Sg] ljbzdf] cflht{ 1fg, ;Lk / wg dfte[ ldsf" ] ljsf; cfktsflng / cGo ;d:ofx¿;uF hWgsf' ] nflu Pg / ;d[l4df nufpg' Pg cf/ Pgsf] csf]{ dxTjk"0f{ cf/ Pgn] æx]Nk 8]:sÆ sf] cjwf/0ff ;'? u/]sf] p2]Zo xf] . o;sf nflu Pg cf/ Pgn] g]kfn 5 . :yfgLo RofK6/x¿ / cGo ;fd'bflos ;/sf/;Fu gLltut txdf ;xsfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ;+:yfx¿;Fusf] ;xsfo{df z'? ul/Psf] x]Nk 8]:s o;af6 gkfndf] nufgL / ;xofusf] ] jftfj/0f aGb} sfoqmd{ Pg=cf/=Pg cdl/sfsf] ] dxTjk"0f { sfoqmd{ cfPsf] 5 . Pg cf/ Pgn] ;/sf/ / ;/sf/aLr xf ] . ljutblv] g } ub {} cfPsf ] cfktsflng ;xofunfO] { dfq geO{ ;/sf/ / hgtfaLr k'n ag]/ ljb]zL of ] sfoqmdn{ ] cem ;:yfut+ u/fpg ] ljZjf; ul/Psf] nufgL ;Lk leqfpg ;lsg] ;Defjgf b]v]sf] 5 . 5 . of ] sfoqmdaf6{ eljiodf cdl/sf] lgjf;L gkfnL] Jofkf/ k|a4{g, cfof]hgfx¿df nufgL, g]kfndf ;d'bfon] /fd|} æ;]km\6L g]6Æ sf] dx;'; ug]{ ck]Iff ljkbsf] a]nf ;xof]u, v'Nnf ljZjljBfno :yfkgf ul/Psf] 5 . cflb Pg cf/ Pgn] g]kfnsf] ljsf; / ;d[l4sf] Pg cf/ Pgn] a]nf a]nfdf o'jf / dlxnf s]lGb|t nflu ub {} cfPsf sxL] dxTjk0f" { sfox¿{ xg' \ . gkfndf] sfo{qmdx¿ klg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . oL sfo{qmdx¿n] e"sDkn] tx;gx; kfbf{ xf];\ of af9L klx/f] / ;dbfosf' ] hgrtgf] clejl4[ u/ ] / Ifdtf ljsf;df cfunfuLn ] ljklQ cfOnfUbf Pg cf/ Pgn ] :jt:kmt" { ;d]t 6]jf k'u]sf] 5 . cGt/f{li6«o dlxnf lbj;sf] ?kdf tTsflng /fxt / kglg' df0fdf{ ;xofu] u/sf] ] ;Gbe{df cfof]hgf ug]{ u/]sf] sfo{qmdx¿n] km/s 5 . e"sDk kl5 k'glg{df{0f x'Fb} u/]sf] nfk|fs gd'gf ;f+:s[lts ;Gbe{df dlxnf clwsf/, dlxnf lx+;f / a:tL Pg cf/ Pgsf ] pbfx/0fLo sfo { xf ] . sf7df8fdf+} ;zlQms/0fnfO{ a'em\g 6]jf k'¥ofPsf] 5 . o'jf lgdf{0ffwLg z+vd"n au}Frf Pg cf/ Pgsf] csf{] 5fqjlQ[ sfoqmdn{ ] ojf' k:tfsf' ] ;dbfok' lt| nufj ;x|fgLo sfo{ xf] . sf7df8f}+sf] lqe'jg ljdfg:yn / g]t[Tj ljsf;df 6]jf k'u]sf] 5 . Pg cf/ Pgn] ;/;kmfO{ sfo{qmd Pg cf/ Pgsf] kxndf ePsf] u/]sf sfo{x¿ u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnLx¿sf] xs lxt ;fgf ] t/ kefjsf/L| sfoqmd{ xf ] . ev/{ } cdl/sfsf] ] ;+/If0fsf nflu ;x|fgLo eP klg pgLx¿sf] j[l4 ;fgk|mflG;:sf]df Pg cf/ Pgn] klxnf]k6s sl/a ljsf;sf] nflu ug'{kg]{ / ug{ ;Sg] y'k|} sfd afFsL # ;o hlt ljleGg ljifosf ljz]if1 ;lxtsf] lj1 g} 5g\ . ;Dd]ng ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . o;n] g]kfnsf] ;d[l4 @= ljb]zdf g]kfnL ;+:s[ltsf] k|a4{g / ljsf;df g]kfnL 8fo:kf]/fsf] e"ldsfnfO{ cem kjf;df| /x/] gkfnL] ;:s+ ltsf[ ] ;/If0f+ / ka4| g{ ug{' axt[ agfPsf ] 5 . Pg cf/ Pgn ] ljbzLPsf] gkfnLx¿] Pg cf/ Pgsf ] csf {] dxTjk0f" { sfo { xf ] . o;af6 Ps ljb]zsf uug r'DasLo ejg agfpg] dfq} x}g t bf;] f| ] k:tfsf' u/} cfjf;Lo gkfnLx¿nfO] { cfkmgf\ ] cfkmg\ } bz] agfpg klg alnof ] ;xsfo { ug { ;S5g\ efiff ;+:s[ltsf] 1fg x'g] cfzf ug{ ;lsG5 . bf];|f] pgLx¿ ;;f/e/Laf6+ ljsf;sf ;fembf/] aGg ;S5g\ k:tfsf' ;Gtfgx¿df gkfnL] xf F} eGg ] efjgfsf ] ljsf; eGg] ;Gb]z lbPsf] 5 .

Sangalo 2018 58 Issue 18, Year 18 :yfkgfsf] kGw|f} jif{;Dd cfOk'Ubf Pg cf/ Pgn] o; } ljifonfO { dWogh/ ub {} @)^$ ;fndf ;;b+ åf/f\ cfkm\gf] ;+u7g la:tf/, ljb]lzPsf g]kfnLsf] g]kfn kfl/t Pg cf/ Pg ;DaGwL sfgg' / @)^^ df kfl/t / ljb]zdf klxrfg / clwsf/ :yfkgf / g]kfnsf] lgodfjnLsf ] kof| u] ub {} gkfn] ;/sf/n ] Pg cf/ Pg ;d[l4df s]xL pNn]vgLo sfo{ u/]sf] 5 . oBlk kl/rokq ljt/0f ub {} cfO/xsf] ] 5 . gkfndf] k//fi6« ljb]lzPsf ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLn] of] xfd|f] ;+:yf xf] eGg] dGqfno / ljb]zdf klg ;DaGwLt b]zdf /x]sf dx;'; eg] cem} kfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . Pg cf/ gkfnL] btfaf;n' ] sfgg' cg;f/' lgDg pNnlvt] Pg Pgsf kl~hst[ ;b:o eP klg geP klg dfte[ ld" cf/ Pg kl/rokq hf/L ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5M 5f8]/ dgel/ b]zsf] dfof af]s]/ ljb]lzPsf ;a} gkfnL] gful/sx¿sf ] nflu kbfg| ul/g ] Pg cf/ Pg gkfnL] Pg cf/ Pg xg' \ . clt ljlzi6 zlIfs} ofUotf] sf8{sf] kmfObf dWo] s]lx kmfObf lgDg 5g\M xfl;n u/sf] blv] ;fdfGo nvk9] ug;Dd{] / sxlnPsf s_;Demf}tf clwsf/sf] ;fy Joj;fodf ;+nUg x'g wgLdfgL b]lv ljb]zdf ;fdfGo /f]hL/f]6L ug]{;Dd cg'dlt lbG5 . ;an} ] Pg cf/ PgnfO { cfkmgf\ ] ;:yf+ xf ] eGg ] agfpg v_gkfndf] s/ eQmfgL' ugkg{' {] gkg {] u/L cfkm " a;sf] ] Pg cf/ Pgsf] ;a} txsf] ;+/rgfdf sfo{/t b]zaf6 k};f k7fpg ;Sb5 . kbflwsf/Lx¿n ] cem } lg:jfy { lsl;dn ] cem } ldlxgt] gkfnL] dn' ssf' ljbzL] gful/snfO { kbfg| ul/g ] Pg ugkg{' {] blvG5] . ;:yfleq+ kf/blztf{ / :yfgLo ;3+ cf/ Pg sf8sf{ kmfObf dWo ] slx] kmfObf lgDg 5gM\ ;:yfx¿;+ uF ;xsfo { a9fpbF } nfg ;lsof ] eg ] ;:yfsf+ ] s_g]kfnL gful/s /xFbf;Dd cfkm\gf] gfddf /x]sf] ljZj;gLo a9b\ } hfG5 . 3/ bz] 5f8] /] k/bz] lx8F kl5] ;DklQ g]kfnL d'n'sf ljb]zL gful/s eO;s] kl5 xfdL ;an} ] w/] } s/f' udfPsf' 5f,F} PlSnPsf 5f F} . t/ klg cfkm\g} gfddf /fVg clwsf/ lbG5 . xfdL lgtfGt PSnf 5gf} ,F} xfdL;uF :yfgLo ;3;+ :yf+ v_g]kfn cfudgsf] ;dodf le;f z'Ns ldgfxf 5g \ . 5ftf ;u7gsf+ ] ?kdf Pg cf/ Pg 5 . o;n} ] x'G5 . b'Mv kbf{ dfq} xf]Og ;'vdf klg o:tf ;+:yfnfO{ u_ kl/rokq afxsn] cfkm"n] rfx]sf] h'g;'s} a]nf xfdL ;an} ] æxfdf| Æ] eGg ;lsof ] eg ] ;:yfx¿+ æxfdf| Æ] cfpg] g]kfn ;Sg] 5 / rfx] hlt ;do a:g klg aG5g,\ æ/fdf| Æ] klg aG5g \ . cfkmgf\ ] bMvdf' klg ;Sg] 5 . sfd nfU5g\, ;d'bfosf] uf}/j a9fpg klg sfd 3_g]kfnL a}+sdf vftf vf]Ng / Joj;fodf ;+nUg nfU5g\ . x'g clwsf/ k|bfg ug]{5 . ægkfnL] dn" ssf' ljbzL] gful/sÆ sf ] cy { sg' } JolQm g]kfnL d'n'ssf ljb]zL gful/snfO{ k|bfg u/L Pg cfkm} jf p;sf] cfdf, a'af, xh'/af jf xh'/cfdf cf/ Pg sf8{ kfpg nflu a'emfpg' kg]{ cfjZos sg' } anf] gkfnL] gful/s lyP / clxn ] blIf0f Pl;ofnL sfuhftx¿M ;xof]u ;+u7gsf] ;b:o /fi6«eGbf afx]ssf b]zsf] != g]kfnL /fxbfgL / gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq gful/stf lnO;s]sf JolQm x'g\ . æljb]zdf a:g] @= ljb]zL lgjf;sf] k|df0f gkfnLsf] Æ] kl/efiff gkfnL] gful/s hf ] slDtdf bO' { #= cfkm" ;+nUg k]zfsf] k|df0f jifsf{ ] nflu sg' } Joj;fo jf cGo sg' } kzfdf] ;nUg+ $=ljlwjt ?kdf el/Psf] cfj]bg kq e } Pl;ofnL ;xofu] ;u7gsf+ ] ;b:o /fi6 « afxssf] %= cfj]bg z'Ns -cfj]bg z'Ns b]z cg';f/ km/s /fi6df« a;faf;] ug {] gkfnL] /xsf] ] 5 . gkfn] ;/sf/sf] kb{5_ sg' } klg ljbzL] lgofudf] sfo/t{ sdrf/L{ / Pl;ofnL * lj:t[t hfgsf/L ;DalGwt b]zdf /x]sf] g]kfnL ;xof]u ;+u7gsf] ;b:o /fi6«df a;f]af; ug]{ /fhb'tfjf;df ;Dks{ ul/ lbg ;lsg] 5 . gkfnLnfO] { eg ] æljbzdf] a:g ] gkfnLsf] Æ] kl/efiffn] -nvs] Pg cf/ Pg cdl/sf] gy { Sof/fnfOgf] RofK6/ ;dflxt ub}{g . kl/jf/;Fu cfa4 x'g'x'G5_ We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Krishna Sedai & Family

Sangalo 2018 59 Issue 18, Year 18 gy{ Sof/f]nfOgfdf g]kfn lbj;sf] d]/f] cg'ej

dfofgfy clwsf/L ;a{k|yd t g]kfn lbj;sf ;+of]hs l6dnfO{ ld7f] gkfnL] klx/gn ] gkfn] cfdfsf ] dfof / ddtf ;adf} clejfbg . d / d/f] ] kl/jf/ olx ut dfr { ( tfl/v plQs } /x5] eGg ;lsG5 . kjf;L| gkfnL] ldqx?df cd]l/sfsf] k'Go e'dL df]l/;len, gy{ Sof/f]lngfsf] d'/L–d'/L wGoafb . d~raf6 ljifo k|:t't x'Fb} ubf{, klaq :ynsf kfO{nf 6]Sg cfO{ k'Uof}+ . lgoldt cdl/sf] l:yt gkfnL] /fhbt' dxfzosf ] pkl:yltn] dgfpg] ul/Psf] @)!* clk|n @! sf] g]kfn lbj; c? zf]ef a9fO{lbPsf] dxz'; x'GYof] . ;df/f]xdf ;l/s x'g] ;'cj;/ h'¥of] . xfdL bDktL, xfd|f cfufdL sfo{qmdx?df cd]l/sL ;/sf/ / ;f] 5f/f–a] xf/L' / afnLsf ;l/s eof +} . ljljw ;fdfuLn| ] ;uF ;DalGwt :yfgLo lgsfPnfO { xfldnfO { lbOPsf] :jtGqtf / /ud~rsf+ ] nfuL pknAw edLsf" ] af/df] wGoafb tyf awfO{sf] ;+jf]wg 6S¥ofP/ xfd|f ljifox? ;j} g]kfnL efiffdf k|:t't x'Fbf ;fGble{s x'g] dxz'; ul/ ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd :tl/o dfq k|:t't ug{ ;sf}+ eGg] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5' . o; aif{sf] sfo{qmd !÷@ sld sdhf]/L eP klg ;du|df eAo g} ePsf] d}n] dxz'; u/]+ . ;+of]hs l6dnfO{ w]/}–w]/} wGoafb . z'/jL/ uf]vf{nL g]kfn cfdfsf ;Gtlt xfdLx?nfO{ st} lz/ lgx'/fpg' 5}g . k}bf eof}+ g]kfnd} x'¥Sof}+ a9\of}+ ltd|} sfvdf, g]kfn cfdf ltldnfO{ sf]6L sf]6L gdg . ;fYf} lo x/kmx? ;hfOPsf ] d~rdf rGb–;| o" { clst+ gkfnsf] ] /fli6o« ;+emg rfx]+ M em08fsf ;fy} cd]l/sfsf] /fli6«o em08f kmx/fp‘+bf x] cfdf g]kfn ltldnfO{, ;G;f/s} /fd|L agfpFnf, d~r clt g } zfelgo] blvPsf] ] lyof ] ;fy } ;df/fxdf] tLgsf]6L hg ldn]/ ;';f/ ub}{ nuf}+nf, ;l/s k'?if ldqx? bf}/f;'?jfn / dlxnf ldqx? cfhsf] b'Mv ;x]/, ef]nLsf] ;'Mv x]/f}+nf, ;f/L, j'nf}h / rf}jGbL rf]NfLdf ;lhPsf klx/gn] Ps d'7L dfgL lkP/ ltd|} nfuL afrf}+nf, ;f‘+Rr}g} g]kfnL df}lnstf emNsGYof] . To; lbgsf] x] cfdf g]kfn ltdLnfO{, ;+;f/s} /fd|L agfpFnf . We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Jeevan Khanal, Pushpa Paudel Khanal, Apurwa Khanal We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Dil Bhattarai, Menuka Bhattarai, Aakankshya Bhattarai, Kamakshya Bhattarai

Sangalo 2018 60 Issue 18, Year 18 cd]l/sf ofqf :d/0f

7fs'/ k|;fb ltjf/L cfO{of] 3'ldof] cd]l/sf, w]/} /fd|f] nfUof] lajfx uof]{ 3/jf/ hf]8\of], aRrf aRrL x'g] s:tf] g} xf]nf h:tf] nfUYof], ;a} lh1f;f efUof] . To; kl5 t emg} uf/f], aRrf sxfF 5f]8\g] . 3'Dg] lkmg]{ w]/} 7fpF, /fd|} 5 ;'ljwf klg Uff8L lnof] 3/ lnof], clg ls:tf ltg{' kg]{ af6f] rf}8f ;/;kmfO{ ;'v ;'ljwf, cem} cfgGb klg .. kl/jf/ ;Fu e]6 x'g, 5'§L g} s'g'{ kg]{ .. p:t} /x]5 xfjfkfgL, To:t} /x]5 ag w]/} v'zL nfUof] dnfO{, g]kfnL e]6\bf dfxfF lbg/ft km/s x'g], /ftdf oxfF lbg . rf8kj{df hDdf x'g], /dfO{nf] ;Fu oxfF . df6f] clg af]6 la?jf, s]xL km/s 5}gg\ k"j{ klZrd pQ/ blIf0f, hxfFsf eP klg ;"o{ rGb|sf pbo klg, gofF gf}nf 5}gg\ .. clv/ xfdL g]kfnL g} xf}, pbf/ dgsf wlg .. ljsf; 5 oxfF w]/}, sfg'g Joj:yf s8f b'Mv w]/} u/]sf /x]5g\, g]kfnL oxfF ;'ljwf 5 hgtfnfO{, sf]xL 5}gg\ 5f8f . k7fpg klg kg]{ xf]nf, k};f g]kfndf . 6\ofS; 5 cfDbfgL x]/L, ;'ljwf a/fa/ ;b'kof]u xf];\;a}hgsf], kl/>dsf] kmn Rflxg] ;]jf k'u]s} 5, ;asf 3/} 3/ .. P}n] b'Mv eP klg, eljio xf];\ pHjn .. ;asf] klxnf ;kgf x'g], cd]l/sf l5g]{ lbg /ft v6\of] sfddf, 5}g km';{b oxfF cfPkl5 dfq yfxf x'g], ca s] s] ug]{ . ;a} ;Fu ldqtf a9f];\, e]6 x'bfdfxfF . cf]s{ k/ld6 lghL uf8L, a:g] 3/ rflxof] cfˆgf] ;fg, b]zsf] dfg, a9fpg g]kfnLn] sltn] t b'Mv kf]V5g\, kfpFg' b'Mv kfO{of] .. ;a}sf] sNof0f u?g, kz'klt gfyn] .. We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Dr. Ritesh Poudel & Family

ljhof bzdL / bLkfjnL 2075 sf] pknIodf ;Dk")f{ g]kfnL

bfh'efO tyf lbbLalxgLx?df xflb{s d+undo

z'esfdgf JoQm ub{%f}+ .

k|]d, kfj{tL tyf jfUn] kl/jf/, df]l/l:en

Sangalo 2018 61 Issue 18, Year 18 cfdf We wish you all af;' e§/fO{ Happy Vijaya Dashami & ha d;Fu ePsf kv]6f Dipawali 2018 e'/{/\ p8\g ;Sg] lyPgg, May this Festival Bring Peace, Pp6f u'8df l;ldt lyP Prosperity, Happiness, Success & ltdLn] cfkm" gvfO{ gvfO{ All good things to d]/f] nflu art u/L you and NofPsf] vfgf vfg your family cfF=== u/]/ a;]sf] x'Gy]F . Ayug, Avas, Anita & RP Poudel d p8\g] eP Morrisville cfkm\gf] cfxf/f cfkm} vf]Hg] eP We wish you all cfkm\gf] u'F8 cfkm} agfpg nfu]F, cfkm\gf aRrf :ofxfg]{ ePF, Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 6f9f eP, May this Festival Bring Peace, ;do, kl/l:ylt, afWotf of j}1flgs lgod t/ x/ lbg clg x/ /ft Prosperity, Happiness, Success & jiff{ofdsf e]n ;/L All good things to pln{/x]5g\ k/]nL, you and your family cF===== dnfO{ yfxf 5 Dr. Achyut Sharma, Mina Sharma d]/f]h:t} ltd|f klg and Family cfFvf cf]efgf] slxNo} 5}gg\ / d}n] ltd|f] ;fd' cfP/ lt zLt?kL We wish you all cfF;'x¿ k'5\g ;s]sf] 5}g . Happy Vijaya Dashami & d h:t} nfvf}F o"jf 5g\ Dipawali 2018 rfx]/ klg cfkm\gf] cfdfsf] May this Festival Bring Peace, cfF;' k'5\g ;s]sf] 5}g . Prosperity, Happiness, Success & lrQ a'emfpg cfdf All good things to cFWof/f] kl5 kSs} pHofnf] lbg cfpnf you and / km]/L Ps csf{sf] cfF;' k'5f}nf . your family Dr. Shreekant Adhikari, Shanti Adhikari and Family

Sangalo 2018 62 Issue 18, Year 18 ablnb]pm

8f= cRo't zdf{ ablnb]pm ltdL, /ft ablnG5 x'Gg ca eGbf xft of] nlDslbG5 /ft dfq x}g, h"g ablnG5 x]lb{g eGbf cfFvf 6f]nfO{ cfFvfd} al;lbG5 clg d'6 ablnG5 eGb5' s]lx eGbf lhpFbf] zflns agfO{lbof} d'6' dfq xf]Og, Ct' g} ablnG5 nDsL lxF8\g] ofq'nfO{ Ps lrxfg agfO{lbof} af]Ng vf]Hbf cf]F7 yy{/fO{ lbG5 Pp6} ltd|f] dGb d':sfgn] dxfsfJo alglbG5 5'g vf]Hbf k}tfnf na{/fO{lbG5 Pp6} v';Ln] ;f/f b'Mv} eufO{lbG5 d x'/L x'Fbf ltdLn] g} 5]lslbof} ;'s]sf] of] cf]7df nfnL el/lbG5 r'krfk a;L/xFbf, ltdLn] g} em:sfO{ lbof} ;fxf/f vf]Hg] nª\u8f]n] Ps ;fyL kfOlbG5 . d[To' We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 uLtf a:g]t May this Festival Bring Peace, Pp6f hLjgsf] cGTo Prosperity, Happiness, Success & Pp6f lhGbuLsf] cj;fg All good things to Psl5g cuf8L ;Dd you and your family xfF:g] / af]Ng]nfO{ Sanjib, Susmita, Saman & Sajal Baral 5f]8]/ cfpg' kg]{ Zd;fg Fuquay Varina, NC cfFvf vf]n'Gh]n cfFvf d} ;+;f/ We wish you all d'6' w8\s'Gh]n d'6' d} af; . Happy Vijaya Dashami & /ut au'Gh]n /utsf] gftf Dipawali 2018 ;f; rn'Gh]n ;f; s} cfz May this Festival Bring Peace, hLjg b]lv d[To' Prosperity, Happiness, Success & olx /x]5 hLjgrqm zfob All good things to Pp6f km"n em/]kl5 you and your family csf]{ km"n kmqmG5 zfob . Dadin Pandey & Family, Holly Springs, NC -:j= s[i0f dfgGw/ bfOsf] ;Demgfdf_ We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Dr. Haris Chandra Mahaseth & Family

Sangalo 2018 63 Issue 18, Year 18 ;a}sf] ;kgfsf] b]z

dLgf >]i7 of] ;a}sf] ;kgfsf] b]z c/] eGg] cfzdf, gl;{ªxf]dsf] 9f]sfdf s'g'{kg]{ . oyfo{ t cfkm} k'u]kl5 yfxf x'G5 . d t eG5' of] t lgb{oLx?sf] b]z xf] . hxfF, b]v] hlt ;kgf ld/fh em}F hxfF bof dfof klg gf6sLo 9+udf kf]lvG5 . glhs k'u];L ljlng x'G5 . hxfF dfgjtfnfO{ k};f;Fu tf}lnG5 . of] t ;+;f/s} ;'Gb/ b]z c/] clg efjgfnfO{ gfkmf gf]S;fgsf] hxfF g kmf]xf]/, g s'g} w'nf] d}nf] 5 t/fh'df hf]lvG5 . t/, xfjfsf] Ps Ps nx/ ljiffSt 5 . d t eG5', of] t kfunx?sf] b]z xf] . of] t 7"N7"nf uugr'DaL dxnx?sf] b]z c/] hxf F dfG5]sf] 5fltdf d'6' x'Gg, s]jn lbdfu x'G5 . h'g dxndf t'R5 dfgl;stf ePsf] dflg; a:5g\ . ToxL lbdfu klg cg]sFf} cf}ifwLsf] e/df rN5 . clg dfq k|lti7fsf] vf]qmf] h'g lbg cf}ifwLn] sfd u5{, cf8Da/ cf]8]/ lxF8\5g\ . Tof] lbg ;a}eGbf c;n dfG5] aG5 . gu/]sf] a]nf ToxL dflg; bfgj x'G5, clg of] of] t ljb\jfgx?sf] b]z c/] cl:tTjdf k|no NofpF5 . hxfF cg]s cfljisf/x¿ x'G5g\, t/ k6sf k8\lsP ;l/ lgbf]{if dfly We wish you all uf]nL k|xf/ x'G5g\ . Happy Vijaya Dashami & of] t ;fx|} ;Eox?sf] b]z c/] Dipawali 2018 hxfF 6Gg vfP/ 9\ofp ubf{ klg nfh x'G5 . May this Festival Bring Peace, t/ cfkm\g} 5f]/Ldfly b'Jo{jxf/ ubf{, Tof] nfh sxfF hfG5 < Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and of] t ;a}eGbf ;'ljwf ;DkGg b]z c/] your family hxfF vfg nfpg /dfOnf] ug{ s]xL sdL 5}g . ToxL eP/ xf]nf, lgGb|f klg cf}ifwL lagf cfpg dfGb}g . Dr. Bal K Sharma & of] t g}ltsjfgx?sf] b]z c/] Radha Sharma hxfF njfO{ vjfO{, af]nLrfnL h]df klg ;Eotf b]vfpg' kg]{ t/ s] ug'{ < dg { nfusf] aaf' cfdf cfkmg\ } 5f/f5f] /L] cfp5gF \ Sangalo 2018 64 Issue 18, Year 18 xfd|f] /fd|f] b]z We wish you all Happy Vijaya ;ljtf lji6 Dashami & Dipawali 2018 8fF8f–kfvf lxdfnlt/ 8fFkm] r/L 8'Nbfv]/L May this Festival Bring Peace, slt /fd|f] b]lvG5 a/} nfnLu'/fF; km'Nbfv]/L Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to ;fFRr} /fd|f] xfd|f] b]z t/fO{ kxf8 lxdfn cfx you and your family emg} ;'uGw ylkG5 ToxfF cGgafnL em'Nbfv]/L k|s[ltsf] x/fe/f;Fu} 5ª5ª aUg] em/gf /fd|f] dg} nf]Eofpg] ;]tf] lxdfn bGt] nx/ v'Nbfv]/L Ajaya & Richa Sharma rf/ hft 5lQ; j0f{ ;femf km"naf/L xfd|f] b]z slt /dfOnf ;+:s[lt x]/ Pstfsf] /ª 3'Nbf v]/L

;a} ldnL xfd|f] b]znfO{, :ju{em}F ;'Gb/ agfpg' 5 vabf{/L u/f}F /fi6« lgdf{0fdf, k|ultky e'Nbf v]/L

We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Yam, Roshani & Shrestha Family

We wish you all Happy Vijaya Dashami & Dipawali 2018 May this Festival Bring Peace, Prosperity, Happiness, Success & All good things to you and your family Bhim, Parbati & Timalsina Family

Sangalo 2018 65 Issue 18, Year 18

NCNC Executive Committee (2018-19) Past President Dr. Sushama Pradhan handing over taking oath of office to President Dr. Batu Sharma

Past Exec. Secretary Yam Shreshtha handing over to Exec. Secretary Bikram Gautam NCNC volunteers during Adopt-A-Highway program

Women cladded in Newari dress during Nepal Day festival People having fun during the Holi festival

NCNC volunteers at the Blood Drive program NCNC volunteers at Spring Daze Arts and Crafts Festival Wake County honoring NCNC with Glimpse of second Nepal Day celebration proclamation of Nepal Day

Display of 100 traditional Nepalese items at Nepal Day Participants at the Nepal Day parade

Nepalese school students on a field trip to Raleigh museum NCNC members enjoying member appreciation picnic

NCNC members enjoying member appreciation picnic President Dr. Sharma handing membership certificates to new members

NCNC Financial Statement

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