BRICS in the Arc c:
Emerging Opportuni es for Collabora ve Ini a ves
Sergio C. Trindade [email protected]
Arc c Circle Assembly IV Breakout Panel 15:15 – 16:45 Reykjavík, 7 October 2016 BRICS: GLOBAL WEST MOVES EAST • Ini al mee ng at UN-New York, 2006 • First full mee ng Yekateninburg, Russia in 2009: * improving global economy * reforming int’l financial ins tu ons • South Africa joined in 2010 • VIII Annual BRIC Summit Goa, India, 15-16 Oct 2016
• BRICS’ 3 billion popula on, $16 trillion GDP (20% world), $ 4 trillion reserves
• Yet, not much say in interna onal governance • Thus, BRICS as geoeconomic and geopoli cal alterna ve to current global paradigm
Alterna ve to Bre on-Woods System
BRICS’ Con ngent Reserve Arrangement Headquartered in Shanghai Established in July 2015 MoU with Asian Development Bank, July 2016 First regional office in Johannesburg
• Yet, BRICS do not have much in common
• Share concern about security and economic development
• All but one have large land surface and are large economies • Unequal rates of economic growth
• Russia, China and India have con guous territory in the
Northern hemisphere • Brazil and South Africa are in the Southern hemisphere
• History of tensions: Russia-China and India-China
• All BRICS involved in Antarc ca
BRICS collabora on in the Arc c • Science: climate change, marine biology, glaciology, geology,… • Technology: renewable energy, methane management, oil • Environment: human and physical regulatory framework, disasters • Commercial: Fisheries, mining, oil and gas, shipping, ports, tourism Carolina Freire Professor of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Paraná, Brazil • Arc c work in marine ecology and commercial fisheries, • Poten al partners in BRICS and other Arc c countries • Possible collabora ve ini a ves.
Celma Regina Hellebust Lawyer, Honorary Vice-Consul for Brazil in Stavanger, Norway • Review of HES* oil and gas regula ons in Norway • Comparison with Brazilian HES regula ons • Ongoing collabora ve projects involving the BRICS and/or third countries
• Possible joint ini a ves * HES: Health, Environment and Safety • • 20 80 ° ° ° OSTROV CHUCKCHI ° 80 VRANGELYA St. Lawrence I. RUSSIAN FEDERATION L B A 60 140 SEA (U.S.A.) A R A V D ° 100° 60 S N ° R Maria C Lagu naA NORWEGIAN SEA T E EAST A I C E ° C O 60 Pevek ZEMLYA FRANTSA S 0 SIBERIAN Associate Professor, World Poli cs ° IOSSIFA Dept, St. Petersburg StateUniversityAnadyr' ° r' y ad 180 SEA n A NOVOSIBIRSKIYE G Y N O R W A SEVERNAYA OSTROVA Cherskiy N • ZEMLYA Oslo Coordina on of BRICS’ Arc c ac vi es within the BARENTS I E N E D R DENMARK SEA LAPTEV Om W olo D I n E S L Y A nd E M A SEA ig N i B Murmansk Z E r k
S a Stockholm Forum A A Y Copenhagen A A K a L V R oly m I N O F N A K A Tiksi al B E Helsinki K Dickson Y in S W a in A L I C n g T H A a r I T E a E S • d Also in the framework interna onal Tallinn a ins tu ons: K in ta Khatanga a 1 s e m St. Petersburg a h 2 c Arkhangel'sk y K R.F. h POLAND P Magadan
3 Riga Petrozavodsk Nar'yan Mar a S t
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Warsaw e a Vilnius v o e n . t ora u n 20 h Vorkuta Noril'sk a Novgorod D P ec y e Dudinka l v Petropavlovsk- ° ° i O Minsk n Y Kamchatskiy 160 United Na ons, Arc c Council, IASC Cherepovets a e
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Vologda T e a y BELARUS Smolensk Kotlas Salekhard z Igarka SEA o Tver' r a
g r ap Vol Yaroslavl' Syktyvkar Yakutsk L'viv y u Turukhansk n P OF D Moscow (Moskva) b O Bryansk ilyu n Nizhniy Tura V y a Kyiv ld OKHOTSK A Ryazan' Novgorod A I N nguska N iz u Orel a Kirov hnyaya T Mirnyy A Chisinau Ok Valery Konyshev Surgut M Lipetsk Kazan' Serov O 4 UKRAINE Kursk Perm' Izhevsk O R Nizhnevartovsk Saransk l l a o Pod e Voronezh am b kh ka k a K o Va m m Dnipro Penza T e s a e Nab. Chelny Yekaterinburg n r d na im u Professor, Interna onal Rela ons School, St. Petersburg State University y it O a Tung V Saratov Tyumen' usk m Donets'k Tobol'sk a A Ufa a D V a Samara Ir t' n Yuzhno- o ol g ty Ke Y e Komsomol'sk- SEA OF n sh e L AZOV n ara na-Amure Vanino Sakhalinsk Sevastopol' is Ang Skovorodino Magnitogorsk Chelyabinsk e Rostov- y l) BLACK na-Donu Volgograd Orenburg ' a b Bratsk r Oral m Tomsk hi Omsk O Khabarovsk U Is Krasnoyarsk Blagoveshchensk Krasnodar ( • SEA Elista Orsk U Sino-Russian coopera on in the Arc c q Novosibirsk Qostanay Kemerovo y s Stavropol' y s 40 a Aqtöbe u Astrakhan' h Chita r Z - Novokuznetsk i J ° Aturau r Ankara Nal'chik Abakan u a Astana a A l Ulan-Ude 5 m u a 40 ° Barnaul A h k E Irkutsk g P h r n SEA c t So TURKEY ha is Tbilisi Mak A - KAZAKHSTAN Kyzyl 6 Aqtau Qaraghandy OF Yerevan N ZhezqazghanAlexander Semey Sergunin Vladivostok Ulaanbaatar en SYRIAN 7 A l ARAL er JAPAN ARAB Baku E H S SEA REPUBLIC
Qyzylorda 40 N U S A y MONGOLIA International capital Tokyo I Z r ° Professor of Interna onal Rela ons, St. Petersburg State University D.P.R. P D S Turkmenbashi B City, town A a OF KOREA IRAQ C r E y a P'ongyangInternational boundary K Almaty TURKMENISTAN I Road S AshgabatA Tashkent Ili Soul m T Beijing Rail road u A Bishkek REP. OF
N D 9 KOREA a N Huang • r ar yn Indo-Russian coopera on in the Arc c y ISLAMIC a 1. ESTONIA 4. REP. OF MOLDOVA 7. AZERBAIJAN 2. LATVIA 5. GEORGIA 8. TAJIKISTAN REPUBLIC Dushanbe YELLOW 3. LITHUANIA 6. ARMENIA 9. KYRGYZSTAN OF 8 SEA PACIFIC IRAN CHINA 0 400 800 1200 1600OCEAN km S T A N • N I Sugges on on BRICS’ Arc c research Dotted line represents approximately the Line of Control A Kabul H Jammu in Jammu and Kashmir agreed upon by India and Pakistan. 200 G 0 400 600 800 1000 mi and The final status of Jammu and Kashmir has not yet been CHINA F The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map A Islamabad agreed upon by the parties. 60 Kashmir 80 do not imply official endorsement° or acceptanceSEA by the United Nations. ° PAKISTAN ° 100°
Map No. 3840 Rev. 2 UNITED NATIONS Department of Peacekeeping Operations January 2004 Cartographic Section
Zhang Yao Director Center for Mari me and Polar Regions Studies Shanghai Ins tute for Interna onal Studies, China
• China’s peripheral and mari me security problems, Mari me and Arc c Affairs • China’s energy security and future development op ons • Arc c governance and China’s role • Evolu on of China’s mari me security view • China-India coopera on in Arc c fisheries and other coopera on Thank you for listening!