Webb Park Management Plan Student Name: Timothy Budden Student Number: 376716368 Due Date: 18/1/2016 Submission Date: 18/1/2016 Reference Style: Harvard

TAFE COVER PAGE

Unit Name: Undertake an environmental assessment. Unit Number: NSWTENV608B Unit Name: Establish and maintain the environmental management system. Unit Number: RIIENV601A

Assessment Title: Webb Park Management Plan Student Name: Timothy Budden Student Number: 376716368 Due Date: 18/1/2016 Submission Date: 18/1/2016 Reference Style: Harvard

2016 Webb Park Management Plan

Tim Budden

1/17/2016

Acknowledgments The following people need to be acknowledge for the help they provided in getting the data which is presented in this report. Alaina Casey, Botanist helped in flora identification before the flora survey. Nat Black, Teacher - helped with the whole project. Gabby Attenborough, Advance Diploma Student - helped with the collection of all Field Data Katherine Howard, Diploma Student - was instrumental (with Gabby) in getting the Community Survey Data. All pictures not referenced where taken by Timothy Budden.

Contents Acknowledgments ...... 3 Introduction...... 8 Client...... 8 Client Objectives...... 8 Location...... 9 Redhead...... 9 History...... 10 Aboriginal...... 10 European...... 11 Stake Holders...... 11 Methodology...... 12 Desktop...... 12 Land Zoning, Acid Sulfate Soils, Heritage, Flood Planning...... 12 Bushfire Prone Land ...... 13 Climate ...... 13 Soil ...... 13 Threatened Species ...... 13 Field...... 14 Flora...... 14 Fauna...... 14 Community Survey ...... 15 Landuse ...... 18 Soil ...... 18 Leaf litter ...... 18 Habitat ...... 19 Surveys...... 19 Desktop...... 19 Land Zoning...... 19 Acid sulfate Soils and Sensitive Aboriginal Landscape...... 22 Bushfire Prone land zoning...... 23 Climate...... 24 Soil...... 26 Aspect...... 27 Catchment...... 27 Site ownership...... 28 Adjoining land ownership...... 28 Threatened species...... 28 Heritage...... 29 Field...... 30 Flora...... 30 Fauna...... 32 Community...... 34 Landuse...... 35 Leaf litter survey...... 35 Existing facilities...... 35 Soil...... 36 Habitat...... 38 Recommendations...... 39 Management Plan Recommendations ...... 41 Weed Removal ...... 41 Monthly Markets ...... 43 Barbeques and Tables ...... 44 Shade Trees or Structures ...... 45 Bird Hide...... 46 Sports Areas ...... 47 Exercise Area ...... 49 Outdoor teaching area ...... 51 Dune Survey ...... 52 Viewing Platforms and Boardwalks ...... 53 Green Cafe ...... 55 More Inspectors ...... 56 Habitat Boxes ...... 57 Bird Baths ...... 58 Murals on Buildings ...... 59 Native Bee Hives ...... 60 Bush Tucker Garden ...... 61 Fire Resistant Garden ...... 63 Bigger Signs ...... 64 Flying Fox ...... 65 Parking along Steel Street ...... 66 Heritage Signs ...... 67 Recycling Bins ...... 68 Constructed Wetland ...... 69 Playground Equipment...... 70 Bridge Crossing...... 71 New Toilet Block ...... 72 Detailed Flora and Fauna study ...... 73 Sustainable Festival ...... 74 Use of Education Area ...... 75 Water Slippery Slide ...... 76 Future Recommendations ...... 77 Track Connecting Webb Park to Fernleigh Track ...... 77 Cat Containment ...... 78 Plastic Bag Free Redhead ...... 79 Legislative Considerations...... 80 References ...... 81 Appendices ...... 86 Appendix A – Threatened Species ...... 86 Appendix B – Field Data – Soil ...... 87 Appendix C – Field Data – Flora ...... 90 Zone 1-1 ...... 90 Zone 1-2 Garden ...... 91 Zone 2...... 91 Zone 5-1 ...... 93 Zone 5-2 ...... 94 Appendix D – Field Data – Fauna ...... 96 Surveyor - Nat ...... 96 Surveyor - Tim ...... 97 Surveyor - Gabby ...... 97 Surveyor - Group Creek Line ...... 97 Surveyor - Group Boardwalk ...... 98 Appendix E – Field Data – Land Use ...... 100 Appendix F – Field Data – Community Survey ...... 102 Appendix G – Field Data – Habitat ...... 109 Webb Park ...... 109 Freshwater Creek ...... 110 Appendix H – Example Garden – Bush Tucker Garden ...... 111 Appendix I – Example Garden – Fire Retardant Garden (Trees in Newcastle, 2015)...... 112 Appendix J – Weed Identification ...... 115 Appendix K – Weeding Methodology ...... 117 Chemical Application (Australian Government - Department of the Environment, 2012) ...... 120 Physical Removal (Queensland Government - Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, 2011). ... 123 Appendix L – Suggested Plants – Fresh Water Creek ...... 126 Appendix M – Suggested Plants – Webb Park ...... 127 Appendix N - EMS ...... 128 Register of Environmental Aspects ...... 129 Register of Legal and Other Requirements ...... 133 Legal and Other Requirements ...... 134 Register of Environmental Objectives and Targets ...... 136 Responsibility Matrix, Training Needs Analysis and Training Plan ...... 137 Standard Operating Procedure ...... 138 Register of Documents and Records ...... 140 Appendix O - Legislative Review ...... 144 Commonwealth Legislation...... 144 State Legislation (Acts) ...... 148 State Legislation (Regulations) ...... 177 State Legislation (EPI) ...... 178 Local Government ...... 187

Introduction. The Redhead Sustainable Neighbourhood Group approached Nat Black concerning a management plan for the Webb Park. They wanted the community to have a say in how the park is developed in the future and though this was the best way to get the Redhead Communities ideas, concerns, wished and needs consolidated into one document to be able to pass it onto the Lake Macquarie Council for consideration in the direction of the park in the future. The objectives of the plan of management were given to the students as part of the project and were tried to conform too in this management plan. The survey's both desktop and field supplied all the data on the conditions of the park, however a more detailed flora and fauna survey to ascertain the actual Endangered and Threatened Species using the site is recommended as is a dune survey to get data on the dune system as it is now and any future changes to it that might come about due to climate change. The community survey determined how the park was used now, ie beach access, walking/running, dog walking, barbeque etc and suggested 10 recommendations or facilities that people could rank in order of preference with an 11 option of suggesting something completely new. Approximately 10% of the community completed these forms with quite a few more ideas and recommendations than what was put to them, these are detailed in the recommendation section of this report. However some of the recommendations are standalone and some are linked to other recommendations and because not all of them were put forward in the Community Survey to be ranked the actual interest in each recommendation is uncertain. This means that the Redhead Sustainable Neighbourhood should consider doing another more thorough Community Survey to gauge community interest in the recommendations before they submit the management plan to Lake Macquarie Council.

Client. The Redhead Sustainability Group requested this management plan as their existing plan has run its course and they need a new one if they wish to apply for grants to improve or add to the facilities available. Client Objectives. The client objectives for the project are outlined below. • Conduct a Flora and Fauna assessment. • Undertake community consultations. • Review community facilities at the park. • Review parks status within the LGA. • Reduces weeds at the site. • Reduce pest species at the site. • Increase the education of local community.

Review the sites importance part of a wildlife corridor. Location. Redhead. The community of Redhead is found approximately 11km South-West of Newcastle and approximately 6km North-East of Belmont and is nearly surrounded by Awabakal Nature Reserve to the North and Belmont Wetlands State Park to the South and on the edge of the Pacific Ocean to the East, figure 1 shows this.

Figure 1: Redhead Surrounded by Green and Blue (NSW Government Land & Property Information, 2012)

Webb Park which is on the Corner of Beach Roads and Steel Street, and Freshwater Creek Reserve are both found on the Eastern Edge of Redhead. Freshwater Creek Reserve is separated from Webb Park by the Beach Road bridge and connected to Awabakal Nature Reserve at its top North Eastern Border. The respective boundaries of both Webb Park and the Freshwater Creek Reserve are shown in figure 2.

Figure 2: Plan of Management Boundaries History.

Aboriginal.

Lake Macquarie. Aboriginal culture is a living culture, valued by Aboriginal people living in communities across NSW. It is strongly linked to the spiritual relationship between people and the land (country) and includes Aboriginal sites, places, cultural knowledge passed between generations through oral traditions, language, stories, traditional customs, values and beliefs. Cultural heritage also includes the history of Aboriginal people, from the time that European settlers arrived in Australia and the history of Aboriginal families through the nineteenth and twentieth century's. Many cultural values and traditional obligations are active and current despite the separation of many Aboriginal people from their traditional country for many years (Lake Macquarie City Council, 2014). All of Lake Macquarie City Council lies within the traditional country of the Awabakal people, today more than 5,500 (approximately 2.2% of the population) people of Aboriginal descent live in the Lake Macquarie Local Government area this is the second highest number in NSW, many of them far from their traditional country. Across the City’s landscape are more than 500 archaeological sites and places which demonstrate the relationships between the Awabakal people and their country over thousands of years (Lake Macquarie City Council, 2014).

Redhead. The area around Redhead bluff is called Kintirrabin and roughly translates as "the earth fire was here". Redhead is the site of a long extinct volcano. The eroded volcanic plug figures in an Awabakal story on the origin of coal. The Awabakal are believed to be the only Aboriginal tribal group to discuss coal in their Dreaming stories. They appear to have been well aware of coal's combustibility and are thought to have used lumps of it in their campfires. According to the missionary Reverend Lancelot Threlkeld, the name for the Lake Macquarie district was Nikkin-bah, or place of coal. The Awabakal legend describes what sounds like a volcanic eruption, centred on Redhead, where the ancient volcanic plug remains today. The traditional story relates that a very long time ago, when the earth and sea were different from today, a great darkness fell on the land. This darkness, which seemed to come from a hole in a mountain, blocked out the sun, and the darkness was so deep and sudden that the people were very frightened. Even birds and insects fell silent. Messengers were sent in all directions, bringing all people together to decide how light could be brought back to the world. The wise men of the tribes decided that the only way to bring the world back to normality was to cover up the darkness that was scattered deeply on the ground. Men, women and children dug up rocks and sand and broke down foliage from trees and bushes to cover up the thick darkness. People from miles around came together to stop the darkness breaking through the surface of the earth. The people feared that the ever-burning fires deep in the ground would release the darkness again. After the darkness was covered over, generations passed in which people walked on the ground, pressing the darkness and the flames together under the earth to become nikkin, or coal. Now, whenever coal is burned, the spirit of the ancient earth fire is again released (Lake Macquarie City Council, n.d.). According to the Census 2011 data there are 47 people who thought of themselves as Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander (Australian Government - Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2013).

European. Redhead was founded on a rich history of coal mining. Collieries operated from late 1880s to January 1992. Three Colliery buildings are standing today in Redhead Grange Estate, protected by a heritage order. Much of Redhead sits on a maze of underground tunnels created during this coal mining era. The Adamstown to Belmont (via Fernleigh) Railway Line, now the Fernleigh Track, connected Redhead’s Lambton B Colliery to Newcastle (Redhead Sustainable Neighbourhood, 2010).

Stake Holders. The stakeholders concerned with the management plan outlined below are Redhead Sustainable Neighbourhood Group, Lake Macquarie Council, The Redhead Community, Local Redhead Businesses, Park Users, Disability Groups, Redhead Beach Users, Surrounding Homeowners and Recommendation Sponsors

The Redhead community consists of according to the 2011 (figure 3 shows the 2011 Census QuickStats for the Redhead Suburb) Census data 3,453 people in 1437 dwellings, this may have changed slightly in the last 4 years but not appreciably.

Figure 3: 2011 Census Data - Redhead (Australian Government - Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2013).

Methodology. Desktop. The data acquired as part of the desktop surveys came from numerous websites, each website referenced as accurate at the time of writing however some government websites change due to department changes.

Land Zoning, Acid Sulfate Soils, Heritage, Flood Planning. The website for this information is NSW Department of Planning and Environment - Planning Viewer Beta 1. When this page opens up in the right hand panel you have to scroll down and accept the terms and conditions. 2. This opens a window with three panels, the right hand one shows a map of NSW. 3. On the left hand side panel you put in the address of the land you are doing the survey for and a drop down box appears with choices choose the correct one.

In this case "Webb Park Redhead, New South Wales".

4. The property information for the block of land in question is opened up and a down arrow extends the box which then lists the layers that have relevant information in them for that block. 5. Each layer can be turned on and off with the map changing to show the relevant information with the legend of the patterns and colours and what they mean in the left hand window.

The information supplied from this website comes from all the councils maps which were inputted and maintained by the Department of Planning and Environment. The map information from Lake Macquarie council can be accessed from Lake Macquarie Local Environmental Plan 2014 - Map Index information on Webb Park maps can be found on any map with 013 at the end.

Bushfire Prone Land The Bushfire Prone Land Zoning maps are held by each local Council, Lake Macquarie's is held at Bushfire Prone Land Zoning Map this was opened and Webb Park found and a copy of the corresponding part of the map with the relevant part of the legend copied into the map to provide information.

Climate Data for Climate data is contained on the Bureau of Meteorology (BOM) Website which can be found at Bureau of Meteorology. To find the nearest Weather station with relevant data to Redhead, NSW in the top bar was clicked, then Data and graphs in the Past Weather section this opens up a map of NSW with all the weather stations as little blue squares. Redhead was typed into the "Zoom to" field and searched which allows the Redhead, NSW to be selected, this zooms into a closer view of Redhead with weather stations with data available (shown for "I would like" field). Belmont has data for Rainfall (Daily, Monthly) and Solar exposure (Daily, Monthly) while Newcastle Nobby's Signal Station has Rainfall, Solar exposure, Temperatures and Weather summaries. Rainfall (Monthly totals) data was extracted from the BOM website for Belmont Wwtp for the year of 2014 and January-October of 2015 (couldn't find out why data for November or December is unavailable) and graphed with monthly averages of 1990 (when the station was opened) to October 2015. Temperature data (Highest/Lowest daily 2015, Monthly mean 2015, Monthly mean - all data) was extracted from the BOM website for Newcastle Nobby's Signal Station AWS and plotted.

Soil Soil and other data could be available from NSW Government - Office of Environment & Heritage Spatial Data Online Access web page found at Office of Environment and Heritage (OEH) Spatial Data Online Access. The data available is all the Spatial Data collected by or for the OEH, the process is started by: 1.doing a Select Extent search which is done by pressing the above the geospatial map of NSW and choosing the area under consideration and pressing the Search button found at the bottom of the map of NSW. 2. This opens a window with all the data available from OEH for the selected area

Threatened Species Threatened Species for the site with a 4km buffer was undertaken by a "Protected Matters Search" on the Australian Government - Department of the Environment website under the Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 legislation. The 4km buffer was chosen as this encompassed the nearest large patch of adjacent bushland without going too far afield, it was hoped that this would get the Protected Terrestrial species who may live on the site and the Arboreal who may fly in to use the site without capturing species who don't. The website Protected Matters Search Tool is easy to access and understand with the output emailed to people. The steps are outlined below: 1. Click link Interactive Map Tool. 2. In the Search Options part of the window type Redhead under Suburb/Town and change state to NSW and press the Search Button, this will open a window with READHEAD, 2290, NSW as an option - accept this (this window is then closed) and the main window zooms into where you requested. 3. On the top right of the window is a button marked Report, this opens a little window which starts the process of emailing the report. You can use Point, Line, Extent or Polygon to outline the region you want the Protected Matters Search to cover, choose an appropriate buffer zone, type in the email address you want the report email to and press Report button (bottom one). 4. This opens and confirmation web page and depending on workload the report appears in your inbox.

Figure 4 shows the opening web page of the Protected Matters Search Tool.

Figure 4: Protected Matters Search Tool (Australian Government - Department of the Environment, 2013). Field.

Flora. The site was broken up into 5 zones to try and get areas that represented the flora of the site, these were garden, along both sides of the creek, along the boardwalks and the edge of the site. The boardwalk zone was undertaken with Alaina Casey, Botanist providing confirmation on flora identification using the below books predominantly Les Robinsons book. Field Guide to the Native Plants of Sydney by L. Robinson Native Plants of the Sydney Region by A Fairley and P Moore Weeds of the South East - An Identification Guide for Australia by F.J. Richardson, R.G. Richardson and R.C.H Shepherd

Zone 2 was done with the help of Alaina Casey, zones 1_1, 1_2, 5_1 and 5_2 were undertaken at a later time with the help of Nat Black and Gabby Attenborough.

Fauna.

Spot survey. A spot was picked so as to try and represent the vegetation of the site trying to ensure that it was off any paths and far enough away from paths so that people walking by would not disturb any wild life in the area. The observer made their way as quietly to that spot as possible then spent the next 20min listening and observing any species in the vicinity, photos were taken and calls recorded to later help with the identification of any fauna seen or heard. Tracks and scats were recorded so that any fauna using the site but not observed at the time of the survey could be documented.

Walking observation. Walking around the site trying to cover the most ground economically, fauna were identified by sight, sound, burrow, tracks or scat. These observations were an attempt to catalogue as much fauna using the site as possible in the time allocated. A more thorough survey should be done if food webs were to be constructed so as to better understand the ecosystem of the site.

Community Survey This was organised by Gabby Attenborough (for the Advanced Diploma) and Katherine Howard (for the Diploma students) and entailed a letter drop to all households in the Redhead suburb shown in figure 5 (approximately 1437 households) and user surveys carried out while other surveys were being carried out and a site visit on a Saturday to gauge weekend use. The letter drops were carried out by all students in the Advanced Diploma of Applied Environmental Management and Diploma of Conservation and Land Management.

Figure 5: Redhead Suburb (Google Maps, 2015). The southern part of the suburb is dominated by holiday parks and commercial / light industrial areas and the northern par is not developed so the focus of the distribution plan concentrated on the central residential area (Howard, 2015). The actual letter drop survey routes are shown in figure 6, this was supplied by Katherine Howard and the Diploma/Advanced Diploma students accompanied by Nat Black walked some of them with Nat Black completing the routes in her own time. The questions for the Webb Park area were worked out in Class time by Gabby Attenborough and Nat Black these could be handed to Nat Black or dropped off in a box at the local Post Office, scanned and emailed (available also on Redhead Sustainable Neighbourhood website). The responses where then collated with any identifying data removed and the data put into excel.

Figure 6: Redhead community letter drop survey zones (Howard, 2015).

Landuse This was accomplished at the same time as the pamphlet drop carried out to gauge community response to certain recommendations put forward concerning future amenities available at Webb Park. It entailed looking at the residence and determining the type of dwelling: Single dwelling, Dual Occupancy, Town house, Units, Home Business, Commercial, Industrial, Tourism or Rural.

What type of garden and condition rated from 1-10 of resources used to maintain that garden. Exotic garden Native garden

And any notes of things out of the ordinary like a Men's Shed on site, wet basins with native plantings etc.

Soil Soil profiles were taken in taken is 7 places to try and map the likely soil to be found on site, this involved using an auger to take soil samples then analysing the cores taken. This involved measuring pH Texture Structure Erosion Magnetic Attributes at each subsection of core using the book "Australian Soil and Land Survey Field Handbook Third Edition" (McDonald, 2009) as a reference.

Leaf litter A leaf litter survey was conducted using what is shown in figure 7 which were constructed by Darryll Barkley (Tafe Teacher) and were approximately 75x75cm, these were thrown randomly onto the ground in a number of places and the invertebrates inhabiting the leaf litter identified over a period of time with the rough identity and number recorded.

Figure 7: Leaf litter survey squares

This data is not available due to a student pulling out of course work - though the data did not show any real surprises for a poor nutrient soil with nutrient poor leaf cover.

Habitat This survey was accomplished by walking about the site and noting the fauna habitat available on the site using the forms generated by Nat Black through her experience doing surveys.

Surveys. Desktop.

Land Zoning. The proposed management plan for the areas of Webb Park and Freshwater Creek Reserve consists of 3 DP's these being 1/DP227251, 1412/DP755233 and 1/20/DP3109. Figure 8 shows the zoning for the freshwater Creek part of the project that being 1/DP227251 which is zoned as E2 or Environmental Conservation. The objectives of the E2 zoning are : • To protect, manage and restore areas of high ecological, scientific, cultural or aesthetic values. • To prevent development that could destroy, damage or otherwise have an adverse effect on those values. • To conserve, enhance and manage corridors to facilitate species movement, dispersal and interchange of genetic material. • To encourage activities that meet conservation objectives. • To enhance and manage areas affected by coastal processes (NSW Government, 2015).

Figure 8: Zoning for DP277251 (NSW Government - Department of Planning & Environment, 2014).

Webb Park has 2 DP's listed on the land these are shown in figures 9 and 10, 1412/DP755233 has zoning of both E2 and RE1 (Public Recreation) the objectives of zoning E2 were outline above. The objectives of RE1 zoning are as follows: • To enable land to be used for public open space or recreational purposes. • To provide a range of recreational settings and activities and compatible land uses. • To protect and enhance the natural environment for recreational purposes. • To facilitate the preservation of the environmental qualities of land (NSW Government, 2015).

Figure 9: Land Zoning for Lot 1412 DP755233 (NSW Government - Department of Planning & Environment, 2014).

Lot 1 Section 20 DP3109 which is the other parcel of land in Webb Park has land zoning of RE1 only and the objectives of this have been outlined above.

Figure 10: Land Zoning for Lot 1 Section 20 DP3109 (NSW Government - Department of Planning & Environment, 2014). Acid sulfate Soils and Sensitive Aboriginal Landscape. The land covered by the management plan contains a mix of soils classed as class 2 and 5 acid sulfate soils figure 11 shows a map of the acid sulfate soils. The class of acid sulfate soil determines what development can be done on that land and table 1 outlines the legislative conditions for the class of soils occurring on the management plan. Table 1: Acid sulfate class and legislation (NSW Government, 2015).

Class Legislation Class 2 Works below the natural ground surface. Works by which the watertable is likely to be lowered. Class 5 Works within 500 metres of adjacent Class 1, 2, 3 or 4 land that is below 5 metres Australian Height Datum and by which the watertable is likely to be lowered below 1 metre Australian Height Datum on adjacent Class 1, 2, 3 or 4 land.

Figure 11: Acid Sulfate Soils and Sensitive Aboriginal Landscape (NSW Government - Department of Planning & Environment, 2014). Figure 11 also shows that the whole of land under this management plan is considered Sensitive Aboriginal Landscape which is why this plan encourages the Redhead Sustainability Group who authorised the report to consider the Local Aboriginal community in any recommendations going forward.

Bushfire Prone land zoning. According to the Lake Macquarie Councils Bushfire Prone land zoning the land involved with the management plan is a mix of Category 1, Category 2 and buffer (100m and 30m) this is shown in figure 12

Figure 12: Bushfire prone land zoning (Lake Macquarie City Council, 2011).

According to the Planning for Bush Fire Protection 2006 produced by the NSW Rural Fire Service. All development on Bush Fire Prone Land must satisfy the aim and objectives of Planning for Bushfire Protection (PBP). The aim of PBP is to use the NSW development assessment system to provide for the protection of human life (including fire fighters) and to minimise impacts on property from the threat of bush fire, while having due regard to development potential, onsite amenity and protection of the environment. More specifically, the objectives are to: (i) afford occupants of any building adequate protection from exposure to a bush fire; (ii) provide for a defendable space to be located around buildings; (iii) provide appropriate separation between a hazard and buildings which, in combination with other measures, prevent direct flame contact and material ignition; (iv) ensure that safe operational access and egress for emergency service personnel and residents is available; (v) provide for ongoing management and maintenance of bush fire protection measures, including fuel loads in the asset protection zone (APZ); and (vi) ensure that utility services are adequate to meet the needs of fire fighters (and others assisting in bush fire fighting).

As the only building on site at the moment is the toilet block and it is set back from all bushland this complies with the planning guidelines. One of the recommendations of this report is either a demountable used as a combination Cafe/Shop or a permanent building to do the same if this recommendation is implemented compliance with Planning for Bush Fire Protection objectives would need to be done before this was put in place. All other recommendations should comply with objectives (iv), (v) and (vi) while also not increasing the category of risk, once the new guidelines are fully in place the categories will look like: Vegetation Category 1 is considered to be the highest risk for bush fire. Vegetation Category 3 is considered to be medium bush fire risk vegetation Vegetation Category 2 is considered to be a lower bush fire risk than Category 1 and Category 3 but higher than the excluded areas.

The Glossy Black Cockatoo is known to use the park and associated bush land as a feeding station as such the guidelines outlined in table 2 should be followed, though the species trees should be increased to include Casuarina and Banksia trees as they have been observed feeding on these trees. Table 2: Threatened species hazard reduction list (NSW Government - Rural Fire Service, 2013).

Scientific Name Common Name Legal Status Species specific fire Species specific management mechanical requirements management requirements Calyptorhynchus Glossy Black- Vulnerable No burning of Yes, but avoid lathami Cockatoo allocasuarina allocasuarina thicket thickets Y

Climate. There is no Weather station at Redhead so rain data was taken from Belmont Wwtp, temperature data had to be sourced from Newcastle Nobby's Signal Station AWS. The Belmont rain data (shown in figure 12) shows that the wettest months on average were Feb-June with 2015 have huge rainfall in January and April and 2014 having large months in February, April and August. This data shows that the best time to plant would be around March where the soil should be relatively moist and the plants getting approximately 3-4 months of reasonable rains (growing) before winter. Belmont Wwtp - Rain Data 450

400

350

300

250 2014

200 2015 Rain (mm)Rain Mean 150

100

0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Figure 13: Belmont Rain data (Australian Government - Bureau of Meteorology, 2015).

The temperature data was sourced from Nobby's Signal station and graphed (see figure 14), this shows that planting should be in late March so that plants get the sunshine required to get established, however the biting heat of summer is over. Daily Temperatures Nobby's Signal Station 45

30 C) o Highest daily 2015 25 Lowest daily 2015 20 Monthly mean 2015

Temperature ( Temperature Average Mean - All Data 15

0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Figure 14: Monthly Temperatures - Nobby's signal station (Australian Government - Bureau of Meteorology, 2015). Soil. Consulting the eSPADE website for the Webb Park area there was no soil profiles close enough to ensure that the soil data corresponded to Webb Park as the nearest soil profiles taken in the same soil landscape was approximately 3km from Webb Park this is shown in figure 15.

Figure 15: eSPADE Soil profiles (NSW Government - Department of Environment & Heritage, 2016)

Figure 16 shows the geology around the Redhead neighbourhood to be mainly sand which is rather nutrient poor. This makes the decision to plant native on the Webb Park a good decision as otherwise fertiliser would be required to maintain any exotic plants. This also explains why the creek which receives stormwater and wash off from neighbouring gardens and lawns which are predominantly exotic in nature and hence require lots of fertiliser to survive in the otherwise nutrient poor soil is extremely weed infested and overgrown and clogs up the natural water course.

Figure 16: Gosford - Lake Macquarie geological map (NSW Government - Department of Industry - Resources & Energy, 2014).

Aspect. Webb Park has a South Easterly aspect with a gentle slope with Westerly edge of the park having steeper slopes and the Eastern edge being dissected by Freshwater creek. The South West, South and South Eastern edges of the park are sand dunes and so the aspect changes depending on which side of the due you are.

Catchment. The catchment for Redhead and Webb Park is shown in figure 17 as shown it covers the Southern end of Dudley a large chunk of Awabakal Nature Reserve and approximately half of Redhead. This means that the stormwater entering the catchment from the Dudley area has a chance to be filtered, nutrients used and cleaned as it is coming down Freshwater creek, however the stormwater entering Freshwater creek from the Redhead neighbourhood because it is so close to the mouth of the creek does not. This means that for any improvement of Freshwater creek at the mouth has to be accomplished by changing the Redhead neighbourhood understanding about catchment and stormwater issues, including such things as nutrient loads on lawns, exotic species gardens and appropriate times to water and fertilise lawns etc.

Figure 17: Webb Park Catchment (Lake Macquarie City Council, 2013).

Site ownership. The site is owned by Lake Macquarie City Council.

Adjoining land ownership. The surrounding land is mainly residential except on the North Eastern edge of Freshwater Creek Reserve which abuts the Awabakal Nature Reserve/Glenrock State Conservation Area. Thus the adjoining land ownership for the residential part are multiple owners, while Awabakal Nature Reserve/Glenrock State Conservation Area is owned by the NSW Government.

Threatened species. According to Australian Government Protected Matters Search as part of The Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC) the list of Endangered and Threatened species which is included as Appendix A. With Webb Park as the centre with a 4km radius buffer the search can be summarised in figures 18, 19 and 20.

Figure 18: EPBC Protected Matters search summary part 1

Figure 19: EPBC Protected Matters search summary part 2

Figure 20: EPBC Protected Matters search summary part 3

As these Listed Threatened Ecological Communities and Listed Threatened Species could have an impact on any and all recommendations one of the recommendations put forward is a Detailed Flora and Fauna Study of the site and surrounding area to accurately gauge whether the listed threatened species are on or use the site and what if any conditions would need to be implemented to protect them during the life of the Management Plan.

Heritage. The Shark Tower at Redhead Beach is a listed heritage item, it was build in 1929 during the Great Depression using Timbers from an old coalmine. Surf club members used a bullock cart to transport the materials more than one kilometre, including 300m or sand dunes. Lake Macquarie Council had it on their repair list and had planned repair and restoration in 2008 (Newcastle Herald, 2008). Field.

Flora. The site was broken up into zones for easier surveying and the flora of the site were surveyed over 2 days figure 21 shows each approximate zone.

Figure 21: Flora Survey sample zones

Figure 22 shows the total number of flora surveyed for each zone on the site, 1_2 only has a few species at these were the park gardens Flora Surveyed at Webb Park, Redhead 70

30 Flora

0 1_1 1_2 2 5_1 5_2

Figure 22: Total flora species observed per zone

Figure 23 shows the percentage of Native flora vs Exotic flora and apart from 1_2 which is the park garden which is maintained to minimise weeds the other zones are shown to be heavily weed infested by the ratio of exotics to natives. This weed infestation leads to a decrease in biodiversity and also a lowering of native fauna using the site.

Ratio of Natives vs Exotics 100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50% Natives Exotics 40%

30%

20%

10%

0% 1_1 1_2 2 5_1 5_2

Figure 23: Native flora vs Exotic flora at Webb Park Fauna. The fauna of the site was surveyed in 2 ways, a spot survey - these are represented by the blue stars (taken by Gabby, Nat and Tim) the second was walking surveys undertaken by the group) and are represented by 2 blue lines labelled creek and boardwalk this is shown in figure 24.

Figure 24: Fauna Survey locations

The fauna surveys were carried out over 2 days and are summarised in figures 25 and 27. Fauna Surveyed at Webb Park 30

15 Fauna Numbers

0 Nat Tim Gabby Creek Boardwalk

Figure 25: Fauna Survey total numbers per site

While the number of species observed at each site and zone are a reasonable amount and the number of pest species minor (ie rabbit and dog presences at all sites) their effect is large in the ecosystem. The dogs prey on the smaller reptiles (snakes and lizards - see figure 26) not necessarily because they are hungry but because most dogs like to chase things. The rabbits destroy a lot of habitat with their eating and burrows and are also a major attractant to the local foxes (who will opportunistically pray on small reptiles and insects) who destroy habitat with their burrows and killing of small natives. One of the early recommendations considered but not outline in this document was the removal of rabbits and foxes from this area (either by baiting or some other method). However the fox population in the area could be keeping the feral cat population in Redhead on impacting on the native fauna using Webb Park. Feral cats usually have a large impact on native populations than do foxes as cats can climb and as such tend to predate on more of the food chain (both arboreal and terrestrial) than do foxes (terrestrial plus rabbits). This is why a Detailed fauna survey (numbers of feral cats, foxes, rabbits etc using Webb Park and Awabakal Nature Reserve) is Figure 26: Lace Monitor, Webb Park recommended before any consideration of rabbit and fox removal is considered. Type of Obervations 120%

100%

80%

60% Observed Heard

40%

20%

0% Nat Tim Gabby Creek Boardwalk

Figure 27: Fauna Survey observed vs heard

The type of observations figure is included to show the confidence in the fauna observations as sighted observations are more accurate than heard, however this does not say that sighted observations are 100% accurate.

Community. The Community survey letter drop asked 3 questions. The first was to ascertain what the park was used for, the second asked what if any of the 11 things listed they would prefer being done at the park (ranked in order) and the last question asked what they would/wouldn't like changed at Webb Park. Out of the Redhead Neighbourhood of approximately 1437 households in the survey area 138 responses were received a response result of approximately 10%. There was no surprises in answer to question 1 with people using the park for walking, running, recreation, dog walking, barbeques, access to the beach, kids play equipment and exercise being the common responses. The options available for people to rank as something they would like to be added to the park were in order or preference: Better / more facilities (1st), Shade tree / structures (1st), More native vegetation (3rd), Exercise equipment (4th), Skate Park (5th), More Barbeques (6th), Wetland treat storm water (7th), Bridge access to beach (8th), Other (9th), Educational signs (10th) and Fenced dog off lead area (11th).

With some of the other things put forward more garbage/recycling bins, flying fox, banning dogs, toilet upgrade, Cafe, improving the playground to include climbing equipment, more tables, monthly markets community gardens, outdoor classroom, more disabled paths and viewing platforms. These were consolidated and most put forward in some form or other in the recommendations of this report, however there seems to be a lot of users who are concerned about those people who are abusing the dog on lead areas and the removal of dog poo from the site by the dog walkers. The last question was not worded the best and as such a lot of answers were ambiguous as to what they meant did they mean they wanted dogs or didn't want dogs, did they want the skate park or didn't they, as such this data is difficult to include in the report with any accuracy. The complete community survey data is included as Appendix F.

Landuse. The landuse survey showed that the Redhead suburb is overwhelmingly a single dwelling, exotic garden with high water usage neighbourhood. There were 1044 Single dwellings, 17 Dual occupancy, 1 Town house, 27 units, 5 Home Business, 17 Commercial and 7 Industrial. with 881 exotic gardens and 91 native gardens with a average rating of 7.4 (this is a rough guest of the condition of gardens (water used, nutrients etc) to get it like it is. An idea of how many water tanks in the suburb would have been nice to see if all that stormwater created by the rain falling of the rooves of the houses was put to use on the gardens or just made its way into the stormwater system.

Leaf litter survey. A leaf litter survey was conducted and no surprises on species or numbers of invertebrates or vertebrates was found however the student collating the information dropped from the course and he became un-contactable. This lack of data should not impact on the Management Plan as it primarily would be used as source of information to create Food webs which could be used to measure ecosystem conditions. This lack of data though could be incorporated into the Detailed Flora and Fauna study recommendation as this data may be used to measure the viability of introducing a rabbit/fox reduction program (as long as feral cats don't then become a problem).

Existing facilities. The existing facilities consist of a dilapidated toilet block (with and unsafe roof where kids climb with the chances of falling onto hard ground/concrete from an approximate drop of 2.5m) as shown in figure 28.

Figure 28: Webb Park toilet (Black, 2015).

Some kids play equipment which was upgraded by Lake Macquarie council in around 2013, timber walking paths (see figure 29 which shows the state sometimes of the paths) which initially had been maintained by Redhead Landcare and now taken care of by Lake Macquarie council and some cement paths through the bush and a couple of fenced beach access walkways onto Redhead Beach. The park also contains 4-5 tables (none which could be considered fully shaded) which at least 2 are wheel chair friendly and easy accessible by cement paths, a double barbeque and 3 general purpose garbage bins.

Soil. The site was sampled in 6 places and sites 1,2, 3 and 3A were nearly all sand, sites 4, 5 and 6 were slightly more nutrient rich sandy loam/loamy sands. The sites sample are shown in figure 30 and the average soil pH's shown in figure 31 Australian Figure 29: Timber walking paths. native plants like a pH range of approximately 5.5 to 6.5 which all sites had except for site 6, however approximately 12cm below the surface the soil changed pH to 5.5 making it suitable for natives plants roots.

Figure 30: Soil survey sample sites

Soil Analysis of Webb Park 14

8 pH Lower 6 Upper

0 1 2 3A 3 4 5 6

Figure 31: Average soil pH of soil sample sites Habitat. Habitat - Fox dens, rabbit diggings, hare diggings, thickets, brick structure, fallen logs, tree hollows, stumps, rock outcroppings. wooden lattice, stormwater outlet x2, creek line, bridges (x3 working, broken, road), fencing, broken wooden lattice chair, culvert. Sitings - finches, lizards, bees, insects, termites, wood borers, bird nests Heard - Whip Birds

Table top, card board, plastic cups, thickets for foxes, finches, rens, insects. Deadwood, fungi in fallen rotten logs, range of hollow Sizes, lots of rabit holes, spider nests in toilet block, leaf litter and habitat in the mulch, tables habitat for spiders and other insects

Recommendations. The table below summarises the recommendations outlined below to whether they will likely generate moneys which could be put into a fund to fund future recommendations or whether it might be possible to get sponsorship to either fully or partially fund the recommendations. This may help the Redhead Sustainable Neighbourhood Committee in deciding on which recommendations they push for initially. Recommendation Money Generating Cost to Implement Possible Sponsorship Weed Removal No Small Yes Monthly Markets Yes Small Yes Barbeque / Tables Possible Small Some Shade Trees / Structures Possible Small Some Bird Hide Possible Small Yes Sports Areas Possible hire out Small to medium Yes Exercise Area Possible hire out Small to medium Yes Outdoor teaching area Possible Medium Some Dune Survey No Minimal Yes Viewing Platform / Boardwalks Possible Medium Some Green Cafe Yes Small to Large Yes More Inspectors For Lake Macquarie Small No Habitat Boxes No Minimal Yes Bird Baths No Minimal Yes Murals on Buildings No Minimal Yes Native Bee Hives No Minimal No Bush Tucker Garden No Small Yes Fire Resistant Garden No Small Yes Bigger Signs No Small Yes Flying Fox No Small Yes Parking along Steel Street No Small Yes Heritage Signs No Small Yes Recycling Bins No Small No Constructed Wetland No Large Some Playground Equipment No Large Some Bridge Crossing No Medium to large Yes New Toilet Block No Large No Detailed Fauna Study No Small Possible Sustainable Festival Possible Small once outdoor Yes classroom constructed Use of Education Area Possible As Above Water Slippery Slide No Small Possible Figure 32 shows some of the recommendations and where possibly they could be put on the grounds of Webb Park (these are only ideas and could be changed dependant on requirements and such.

Figure 32: Recommendation Map

Management Plan Recommendations

Weed Removal Weed removal from the management plan site would be in a staged manner with the proposed weeding done somewhat in the timeframe proposed in figure 33 with each zone done approximately in 1 year. It is recommended that the first 3 zoned be done initially so that local residents can see the improvement

Figure 33: Proposed weeding zones and years quickly, this may induce other people to join the Redhead Landcare group who would be doing nearly all of the work when they see the benefit. Freshwater creek should be done in a staged manner with initial work being concentrated in the upper part so as not to have to duplicate work with wash down of propagules from unweeded upstream areas (Awabakal which feeds into First Creek is not greatly weed infested). That is why Freshwater Creek is broken up into 6 zones with the earlier zones at the top of the weed problem (water and propagules flow downward). Why First Creek is extremely weed infested and flows sluggishly. Removal of the weeds along the creek line with the planting of more riparian vegetation would improve the flow of water, increase biodiversity of plant and animal species, attract more Australian native birds and reptiles.

Weed removal from the dune system with the corresponding assisted or natural propagation of native species would increase floral biodiversity which would attract more native fauna to the site which would allow park users to see more native birds and reptiles in their natural surroundings. As native fauna eat insects this could reduce the amount of flies and other sand related insects on the site.

Weed removal should be carried out in a manner which doesn't expose large swathes of topsoil to the elements as this could get eroded from the site. As the soil on site is nutrient poor to begin with this would be a concern as the eroded topsoil contains most of the nutrients. As such a schedule of weeding and planting should be undertaken. With planting of more Banksia integrifolia, Casuarina glauca and other native seed and nectar species would increase the food available for native birds and animals especially the Glossy Black-Cockatoo's as there is a family unit which uses the site as part of their feeding grounds while nesting in Awabakal Nature Reserve due to the large hollow-bearing eucalypts in that reserve.

How and When This is a long term goal and stages of it would not finished quickly, which is why it is recommended that this be started early in the management plan.

Who There are three Redhead Community groups listed on the Lake Macquarie web site these could be encouraged to carry out some weeding. Tafe Students (Cert III) classes could use the site for practical applications of weed removal techniques as well as a spot for Chemical Application during Chemical Certification for both the Conservation and Land Management; and Pest Control courses .

Primary and High school classes could be run by volunteers from Redhead Landcare Group on small sized area's for manual removal of weeds as part of any environmental studies carried out by the schools - this could encourage some younger people to join the Landcare group.

Permits As the Black Cockatoo's habitat could be affected permits should be sought before any works were carried out. Physical removal of weeds shouldn't require any extra permit, however chemical application should be run under WHS regulations for the use of chemicals/poisons with appropriate signage and PPE of workers when being carried out..

Next Step As this is envisioned as a process that would be carried out in stages of small land plots from the beginning of the implementation of the Management Plan to the end this recommendation should be started at the start and carried out through to the end and thus has no Next step.

Funding Lake Macquarie council should be approached for the chemical when being used by Redhead Landcare Groups (if they have a certified person present), otherwise the council might be persuaded to do some spraying to reduce weeds in large weed infestation areas.

Monthly Markets Monthly Markets: either as a produce market or novelty items or a combination.

Why Moneys from stalls would go into any repair and maintenances required to facilitate the next months stall with any excess to be put into a general account for park facilities.

Other stall ideas could be local fitness trainers or gym's running introduction courses to things like tai chi, yoga or Karate.

Men's Shed could have a stall showcasing their work along with local artists/sculptures.

Other people in the Redhead community to sell their endeavours (jams, cheeses, chutneys, fresh produce etc). Stall prices should be reasonable but make some money for the community group. If this market gets lots of attendance larger fresh producers may come giving Redhead community access to a larger range of fresh produce right on their doorstep instead of having to go to Newcastle produce markets.

How and When An area for this should be set aside so that clashes between purposes don't occur and so any clean up/maintenance of the area can be organised to target that area with the funds provided from stall fees.

Ensuring that markets do clash with any other local markets - Dudley etc.

Who Redhead Sustainability Group to run - first couple of markets may run at a loss till people become aware - unless flyers were to go out with the kids from the local schools and some other advertising organised.

Permits May require permit from Lake Macquarie council - might be deposit for damage done to park or extra cleaning of toilets (suggest that Market Organisation committee do this as it is expensive to get Lake Macquarie do it) etc.

Next Step

Funding After the first couple this should be self funding with hopefully excess monies going into a general account to be run by the RSG for other facilities/projects.

School could get a free area to sell any produce they have left over.

Barbeques and Tables More Barbeques with benches (with shade trees/structures some ideas for shade structure shown in next recommendation) need to be constructed in appropriate area.

Why On some weekends there is a line up to use the existing barbeque facilities and tables. If the proposed recommendations become implemented the usage of the park will increase many fold, meaning the existing barbeque facilities and benches will be unable to cope with the increase patronage without the chances of arguments erupting. The increased barbeques and benches with shade could be put in a staged manner at the same time as the increased facilities. However some planning as to where and when should be considered before the park is conceptually zoned so as that adult supervision of those area's used by kids is still possible while using nearby barbeques and benches.

How and When In a staged manner in conjuncture with any increase in facilities on site, though an additional barbeques should be put in place initially to reduce the congestion on the one double barbeque already on site.

Who Redhead Sustainability Group to approach Lake Macquarie council concerning increasing barbeques and shaded benches on site (placement should be worked out in conjuncture with proposed area zoning of the park).

Permits No permits should be required as barbeque facilities are already on site.

Next Step This recommendation is a standalone recommendation, though as the recommendation is that barbeques be put in conjuncture with the other increase facilities this may mean that 3-4 barbeques are put in over the life of the management plan.

Funding Lake Macquarie may have to fund. Consider asking BBQ's Galore if they might part sponsor a barbeque.

Shade Trees or Structures Shade structures over tables to increase the available daylight hours use of the park (height of summer sun) they should be placed so as to ensure people know their current views shouldn't be affected adversely, 2 pictures of possible structures are shown in figure 34 and 35..

Why The park is very open and not much shade area's provided which is an WHS risk to park users. Whilst shade trees are growing and the funds for shade structures are being sourced. Consideration should be given to drilling some holes in the tables and putting some umbrella's through the middle with some locking mechanism so they can't be removed should be considered as a temporary measure,

How and When Positions of and types of possible shade trees considered they should be planted to supply shade in the future in conjuncture with other shade structures maybe purchased with funds from Monthly markets and other money making ideas.

Figure 34: Table umbrellas After permission is sought from Lake Macquarie concerning the drilling of holes.

Who Redhead Sustainability Group

Permits None should apply.

Next Step These should be considered in conjuncture with barbeque and tables recommendation above, however these would be a standalone recommendation.

Funding Umbrella's as a temporary measure and shade structures as a more permanent measure could be

Figure 35: Shaded Tables purchased from moneys generated from RSG funding measures.

Shade Trees (once type and position were decided could be planted and looked after (ensuring no ring barking by council mowers) till they started providing shade for the appropriate areas/tables.

Bird Hide This could be placed possible in the vicinity of the small lake near second creek or in the middle of the dune system with a dedicated path the hide.

Why Glossy Black-Cockatoos are considered endangered and a family unit of this species frequently uses the area as a feeding station a bird hide near some of its preferred feed trees (Casuarina, Allocasuarina and Banksia ssp) would allow bird aficionado's to get close to this species and other that use the site without adversely affecting them.

How and When The Hunter Bird Observation Club has approximately 300 members and has 2 objectives: To encourage and further the study and conservation of Australian birds and their habitat To encourage bird observing as a leisure-time activity (Hunter Bird Observers Club, 2015).

Consultation with this club should be considered to measure viability of this facility being wanted/used by the club members.

Only if funding was forthcoming from the group should this recommendation be considered though some funds might come from the Redhead Sustainability Group combined monies account.

Who Redhead Sustainability Group to approach Hunter Bird Observers Club on possible usage of this structure.

Permits Permit could be required due to the possible impact on Glossy Black-Cockatoos and other endangered birds using the site.

Next Step This is a standalone recommendation and as such could be implemented at any time that funding became available, there is no before or after recommendation to this recommendation.

Funding A combination of funding from Hunter Bird Observers Club and Redhead Sustainability Group combined monies account.

Sports Areas Allocate area's within the park to accommodate the different conceptual zones i.e. sports, static exercise, passive relaxation, kids area a suggested location for these is shown in figure 36..

Figure 36: Sports locations

Sports area : 1/2 court basketball, handball, tennis wall, 1/4 soccer field, soccer/football goals.

Static exercise: chin bar, or stuff like picture at end.

Passive relaxation: benches under shade trees/structures near the example gardens with the birds and the bee's

Kids area: better more things than there is now - consider slide with recycled water tank and static bicycle to power water pump. And more older kid facilities.

Why By allocating area's this should minimise park use conflict and ensure that kids safety is maintained in well viewed areas - unless under parent supervision in static exercise are for example.

There should be disabled paths between all these zones as this will allow disable people to participate or view what is going on in each area.

By providing facilities suitable for the Redhead community this will increase the social benefit of the park, increase community connectedness with the park and with more people in the community due to increase presence of multiply people on the site. By providing a low cost alternative to gyms this may increase the physical well being of Redhead's people and supplying a relaxing area for people to wind down after a long day recharge peoples energy leading to increased productivity at work (studies) and a better healthy community.

By giving kids a play area - with access to the static exercise area for older kids and sports area will lead to a an increase in kids wellbeing and a reduction in weight related health problem with kids in later life. And could set up kids with a good health outlook for later years.

The static exercise area could also be used by retiree's whose budgets may not include gym fees and allow them to exercise gently while having a sea view and sea breezes blow in their faces.

How and When Allocating area's should be done early in the plan so that there are no conflicts, some area's facilities should be easy put in (sports area's) while other areas could take longer to organise. However an overall play for each area should be done with what is envisioned for each area, this will allow people interested in each area to understand they will be catered to once moneys for each area's facilities become available.

Who Redhead Sustainable Neighbourhood Group to gauge community support for these types of facilities

Permits

Next Step

Funding People interested in funding each area could organise with the Redhead Sustainably Group (RSG) to do fund raising activities toward a specific facility in an area - say local kids soccer club could do an cookie run or barbeque day to raise funds for the 1/4 soccer field or soccer/football goals etc. The RSG could set up multiple accounts where funds for area's facilities could be placed for such time as sufficient funds were in place for that facility to be constructed. Possible Sources for grants are shown below in the None at the moment Sport and Recreation, NSW Clubs Grants

The objective of the Stronger Communities Programme is to fund small capital projects which will deliver social benefits. The programme aims to improve local community participation, cohesion and contribute to vibrant and viable communities.

Key Aspects

Federal Members of Parliament (MPs) will establish a community consultation committee to undertake consultation in their electorate to identify eligible projects and invite applicants to apply. http://investment.infrastructure.gov.au/funding/communitydevelopment/index.aspx

Applicants should demonstrate how their project will benefit their local community through the building or improvement of facilities to deliver positive social, recreational or environmental outcomes. http://www.communitybuildingpartnership.nsw.gov.au/ Closed but could be back next year. 2015/16 ClubGRANTS Category 3 Fund http://www.olgr.nsw.gov.au/clubgrantscategory3/

Exercise Area An outside area possibly as shown in the map at the beginning of the recommendations with equipment somewhat like what is shown in figure 37.

Figure 37: Outdoor Exercise equipment (Alibarba, 2015)

Why This would enable people of the Redhead community a place where a small or moderate increase in fitness and wellbeing could sought without the expensive costs associated with gyms. It would allow families to enjoy the experience together without having to pay for kids access to a gym (when they might not want to go consistently anyway. It would also allow what is becoming an older generation who's money now needs to go further a chance to stay fitter (and hence less likely to require hospital admittance a free way of doing so.

How and When Once moneys start to become available from the money generating recommendations or community support for this become enough for the Redhead Sustainable Neighbourhood to consider community events to raise money this idea could be implemented as the equipment are not that expensive. Who Redhead Sustainable Neighbourhood Group to gauge community interest in this recommendation and then generate money to pay for it.

Permits None should be required

Next Step

Funding Funding could be from community money generating ideas, Redhead Sustainable Neighbourhoods coffers or consider those people who run outdoor fitness camps to sponsor for a part time usage.

Outdoor teaching area Outdoor education are - comprising black boards, educational signs and benches.

Why An education area showcasing the native flora/fauna found on site including example gardens to educate the next generation of Steven Irwin's or David Attenborough's. As lots of information is passed on from our kids to their parents this could be one way of getting the example gardens idea's into the wider community through their kids..

How and When This could be started once fund were acquired either from Education Grants or other means. The Men's shed should be able produce the benches, blackboards and education signs (plant species sign etc).

Who Teachers from the local Primary school could push to have this as an outside education area to be used by the local schools.

Tafe and University could use this area as a base camp/room for any research/field work being carried out on Redhead beach.

Permits Shouldn't need any.

Next Step Finding other uses for such facilities - Sustainable Festival, Other education providers (Tafe, University, Primary, High Schools), Outdoor meetings by community groups etc.

Funding Education grants.

Consideration given to other education providers usage after built should be taken into account when any applications for grant monies is sough.

Dune Survey

Why To measure viability of more boardwalks and viewing platform to be constructed on the dunes.

Are the dunes growing, shrinking or stable, what happens on high/low/king tides, what happens in big storm events - will this affect the viewing platforms.

How and When Early on so the possibility of Tafe/Uni surveying courses doing the surveying and analysis of the data to measure viability of boardwalk/platform construction.

Who Tafe Surveying students, Uni Surveying students and Coastal Processes (School of Environmental and Life Sciences - Earth Sciences (Power, 2015) could be a good person to contact concerning this).

Permits Collection of data shouldn't require permit.

Next Step This recommendation should be used to work out the viability of constructing more boardwalks around the dunes with construction of some viewing platforms to be considered on dune with good views to the ocean.

Funding Research grants could be sought by either the Tafe or University if advanced research was needed, however collection of data and basic analysis may not need any funding if incorporated into field work carried out by students.

Viewing Platforms and Boardwalks Dune Survey recommendation should be carried out before this is implemented. A concept of where they could be place is shown in figure 38.

Figure 38: Viewing Platforms and extra boardwalks

Why These could be used as beach picnic areas, whale watching platforms, Intimate Wedding Reception platforms.

How and When Once the dunes are surveyed and the viability of this recommendation ascertained. Planning of where on the dunes worked out, design of boardwalks, viewing platforms done and viability of men's shed being able to construct.

A sign detailing the significance of the Headland to Aboriginal Culture, Heritage and history could foster an understanding of the Aboriginal Love of the Land. Who Redhead Sustainability Group to fund from monies generated from monthly markets. Possibility of hiring out the platform for whale watching, wedding parties, picnics etc (pot luck if not hired)

Permits May require permits to construct on dunes.

Next Step This should only be considered after the Dune Survey Recommendation was carried out.

Funding Funding could be a combination of sponsorship and direct monies from Redhead Sustainability Group combined monies account. The monies from any hi

Green Cafe Building with multiple occupants: Green Cafe, Surf Shop, Gallery (showcasing Aboriginal Art, local artists, sculptors, men's shed projects etc.

This could initially be a demountable as this would allow the implementation of this recommendation earlier than would be possible if a permanent structure had to be build.

Why Facilities around Webb Park are small and increased patronage could see a business thrive in the area. It could also serve as a booking agent for such things as monthly markets, education area, viewing platforms, exercise area, 4 wheel drive passes for Redhead Beach etc.

How and When Once Webb Park's facilities start increasing and usage increase surveying of users should be undertaken as to the viability of this recommendation.

Who Redhead Sustainability Group to gauge community opinion on need for these facilities.

Permits Permit from Lake Macquarie council to initially put a demountable.

Next Step

Funding Redhead Sustainability Group to initially fund - demountable until such funds are available to construct a permanent structure or consider local business being allowed to build Cafe on site for reduced rent.. Rent to be put back into either consideration of building a permanent structure or increasing the facilities in the park.

More Inspectors More inspectors would be able to fine those people not following the "dog on leash" and "pick up your dog poo" regulations which cover most of Webb Park.

Why One of the major complaints of users was the refusal by some users who have dogs to maintain them on leash in appropriate areas and to pick up and remove from the area (put in bin) the dog poo of their pet. While on site there was numerous people ignoring the leash rule around the kids play equipment which is with some dogs a dangerous thing and could lead to a dog attack in the park. The removal of dog poo from the environment is also a health hazard as little babies like to put whatever is in their hand into their mouth!

How and When The recommendation should only be implemented after a large sign showing all areas of Webb Park and whether that area is dog on leash or off leash is constructed and put in place with enough time between it being put in place and for users to understand their responsibilities concerning dogs, leashes and dog poo. Once this time is over a blitz on this problem could be implemented with sharing of rangers between Newcastle and Lake Macquarie so that the Local Ranger does not become ostracised.

Who Lake Macquarie council to organise a blitz with Ranger Sharing between Newcastle Council and themselves with monies to mainly go to Lake Macquarie Council as the Lake Macquarie Ranger would be working in Newcastle at the same time and any fine they gave out could be going to Newcastle Council.

Permits None Required

Next Step After construction of Large Dog Leash/Dog Poo sign.

Funding Initially it would be self funding as $240 and $120 fines would add greatly to the Council coffers because of the large ignoring of these 2 regulations.

Habitat Boxes Habitat Boxes, Bird baths, Native Bee hives Figure 39 shows a Ringtail possum habitat box, ringtail possums have been seen on site.

Why This would attract more native fauna to the site which at the moment is rather limited (black cockatoo and a couple of other birds). The native bees could be encouraged to fertilise the native gardens without the chance of people being stung by the increase in bee numbers (stingless).

How and When Native bee hives should be put in place at the same time as construction of the example gardens (bush tucker and fire retardant) are started, habitat boxes could be placed around the bushland to encourage native animals (ring tailed possums) and birds (kookaburra, honeyeaters etc) to use the site.

Who Designs given to Men's shed to build different types of boxes to be placed in locations and aspect most likely to attract the species targeted by designed box.

Permits Permits could be required as endangered and vulnerable birds use the site.

Next Step Ensuring that the birds being attracted to use the site are not getting predated on by species that otherwise due to a better home wouldn't get Figure 39: Ringtail possum habitat (NSW Government - Office them. of Environment & Heritage, 2015). Funding Using off cut materials these could be slowly built and placed in designated spots and aspect.

Bird baths and native bee hives could be constructed by the men's shed and put into the example gardens with grants from "Caring for Country". NSW Government Office of Environment & Heritage have a guide on how to make a possum house that can be found at Guide To Making A Possum House. http://fnpw.org.au/resources/habitats-for-australian-animals http://www.latrobe.edu.au/wildlife/nursery/nestboxes http://www.birdsinbackyards.net/Nest-Box-Plans

Bird Baths Use of nice deep bird baths to attract birds to drink.

Why If designed well enough they could be used by the Glossy Black Cockatoo which would allow people a closer look at what is considered a vulnerable species, increasing their appreciation for this and other native birds.

How and When Any time as they could be constructed out of old 44 gallon drums (non chemical ones) and put somewhere close to a tap so they could be replenished

Who Redhead Sustainable Neighbourhood and Men Shed to construct.

Permits None required

Next Step

Funding This recommendation should not cost a great deal and the design could probably be worked and constructed by the Men's Shed from recycled materials.

Murals on Buildings Murals to be painted by local high school art students on 3 walls of the toilet block.

Why When the new toilet block is constructed after pushing Lake Macquarie Council - it will be a plain building just hanging out to be tagged by graffiti - hopefully if school kids paint murals on the walls that might encourage local kids to not graffiti it. The murals should be changed every 1-2 years on a cycle so they keep evolving.

How and When When toilet block is constructed permission should be sought from Lake Macquarie council to do the murals

Who Local High School Arts students.

Permits Lake Macquarie Council

Next Step As this is envisioned to be a project that will have at least 3 years before old mural would be required to be removed this give the Redhead Sustainable Neighbourhood time to plan if it is to continue.

Funding Funding for paints and materials could be sourced from Redhead Sustainability Group Funds or Education Funds for Year 12 Art Projects.

Native Bee Hives

Why With the hoped increase in Native vegetation due to the 2 proposed native gardens and the weed removal recommendation with accompanying native vegetation planting there will be an increase in bee population in the area. Supplying habitat for native bees may allow the native bees (which don't have stingers) and chance to become the dominant bees in the area which would enable them to pollinate the native vegetation and possible allow people with bee allergies to enjoy the native gardens with less risk of stings.

How and When The bee hives can be constructed at any time and emplaced as there is currently enough native vegetation to

Who

Permits No permits required

Next Step A stand alone step

Funding These can be made out of paddle pop sticks and the local primary school could make them on a craft day, they can also be made out of a bundle of Lantana stems which could be bundled and tied in a tree by the Redhead Landcare group on a weeding day.

Bush Tucker Garden Establishment of Bush Tucker Example Garden on the Webb Park Site: with signs identifying species and some Aboriginal Art/sculptures on the garden boxes.

The establishment of a Bush tucker garden to sample Indigenous foods. due to the existence of a community garden in Redhead. Cultural heritage Awabakal peoples, carved timber painted.

Why A bush tucker example garden is proposed due to not many people understanding the Indigenous culture and the food value of some native plants. Due also to the existing outstanding community garden at the local primary school. This will hopefully lead to an increase in Australians understanding of Indigenous culture and maybe people using these natives which need less water and fertiliser to survive in their own backyards as a food source or increase native species in the Redhead area. This is a challenge for an active healthy community to establish a bush tucker garden embracing the indigenous Culture of the area whilst producing Sustainable food sources for all to share.

How and When Raised garden beds – ensure control of soil. Build during the summer months. Have local indigenous artists and sculpting of the garden boxes (to add a sense of understanding the cultural importance of these natives to the Aboriginals in the area, a sense of ownership reducing graffiti This is to be completed prior to planting which should be around March-April.

Type Mulch (non-pine bark as this raises the pH), near tap.

List of species What provide, how to look after them should be contained in the Appendix

Who The Redhead Men's Shed to construct the raised garden boxes, Council and local nurseries to supply the soil, local nurseries to supply plants if available. If plants have to be propagated then Tafe students under supervision with help from Local Land Council (advice) should propagate. Between the soil being put into garden boxes and plants going in local Aboriginal should paint or sculpt the boxes to reflect local customs. Members of the sustainable/community group should maintain and water.

Permits The adoption of the Plan of Management by Council.

Next Step

Funding Grant under OEH under indigenous as food sources from traditional land owners are an important historical facts on traditional ownership and land use that should be protected and shared with the whole community.

Private partnerships and having sponsorships to build (Bunnings provide timber) and plant and soil (local nursery), local land council knowledge and arts. As a result of this comes signage acknowledging of partnerships.

Grants under commonwealth Caring for country Community grants through local council or local business or adopt garden beds, funding the maintenance

Fire Resistant Garden Establishment of a fire retardant example garden on the Webb Park site with signs and Aboriginal art/sculpture on the garden boxes.

Why A fire retardant example garden would increase the communities understanding of the value of natives vs. European gardens and the low maintenance aspect of Native gardens. This would also increase the communities understanding of the fire retardant benefits of certain native around people homes. Increased use of natives in the Redhead area would also lead to an increase in native fauna in the Redhead area.

How and When Raised garden beds – ensure control of soil. Build during the summer months. Have local indigenous artists and sculpting of the garden boxes (to add a sense of understanding the cultural importance the indigenous use of fire, a sense of ownership reducing graffiti This is to be completed prior to planting which should be around March-April.

Type Mulch (non-pine bark as this raises the pH), near tap.

A list of possible species is included in Appendix I and was provided by Trees in Newcastle (TIN)

Permits The adoption of the Plan of Management by Council.

Next Step

Grants under commonwealth Caring for country Community grants through local council or local business or adopt garden beds, funding the maintenance Bigger Signs Large Signs should be erected showing where dogs are allowed off-leash and where it is on-leash with a large map showing Redhead beach and Webb park accurately. All signs should be large enough to be noticed and any bush removed to maintain sight of the signs. Two months after the signs are erected a blitz should be carried out by Lake Macquarie council - doing a ranger swap so the local ranger doesn't get hate mail for 2 weeks. All monies to go to Lake Macquarie council minus any expenses the ranger swap (Newcastle) incurs.

Why A lot people who currently use the park at the current time are extremely tired of dogs being allowed (by some people) to run around the kids and food areas of the park unleashed and uncontrolled.

The sight of dog poo around the park is a current eyesore, smells and a health risk with small kids and babies using the kids area facilities.

Disabled people in wheel chairs use the park and large dogs have been spotted off leash in the park and people in wheel chairs are more vulnerable to large dogs as they have more difficulty getting away and they can be face to face with some of the larger breeds - this is a court case waiting to happen if a wheel chair bound person was attacked in what is signposted as a dog on leash park.

How and When This should be done early in the plan so that people will know where they can take their dogs. Doing it early should put the fear of God (or the fine at least) into people who are ignoring the current signs due to the lack of enforcement being carried out on sight.

This blitz should be carried out say 6 monthly for a week - maybe decreasing in frequency once people start obeying the signs.

Who Redhead Sustainability Group to talk to council about signs (with map) and the possibility of Ranger Swap Blitzes to be carried out.

Permits None required.

Next Step More Inspectors Recommendation.

Funding The fines dogs off leash and people not cleaning up dog poo should well and truly fund this.

Flying Fox Flying Fox and climbing facilities for older pre-teens and younger teenagers is essential as at the moment the available kids facilities are for approximately 3-6 year olds and no older kid's facilities are available a picture of one is shown in figure 40 and is of one at Hunters Hill in Sydney.

Why At the moment facilities for the older kids is extremely limited at the moment and as such they have been see to climb the toilet block with is an WHS risk as there is no soft fall material underneath this structure (concrete and hard ground)

How and When Consider making a older kid zone so that the Figure 40: Flying fox at Buffalo Creek Reserve, Hunters Hill chances of the older kids running around and climbing and playing won't knock the smaller children over. Then climbing equipment, flying fox and such could be put into that area. However some thought needs to be given to supplying facilities for older kids on the site.

Who Redhead Sustainability Group

Permits None should be required

Next Step

Funding Possibility of asking if Tree Top Adventure (Blue Gum Hills - Flying Fox Park) would consider sponsoring it - they could have signs giving directions (map) and contact details and times of their parks (Ourimbah, Sydney, Blue Gum Park) and maybe pictures of the other parks.

Parking along Steel Street

Why Increased facilities on site will lead to increase patronage and an increased need for parking. Steel Street lends itself to parking along Webb Park. This is also the area proposed as the sports zone which it is hoped will attract adults (maybe with kids) who will probably not need to be close to the kids area or barbeque, this will then leave the existing parking area more likely available for disable vehicles, or parents with kids for the play area or barbecue's.

How and When This should be considered before any new major facilities were put in place so that parking congestion does not become a problem when the expected increase park patronage occurs.

Who Redhead Sustainable Neighbourhood Group should approach Council concerning the construction of more parking along Steel St so that future usage does not overcome the supplied parking which may cause tempers to flare and lead to altercations in the parking lots.

Permits Lake Macquarie Council would have to get any permits required

Next Step

Funding Lake Macquarie Council to fund as part of the Redhead Community roads that Redhead community fund through their rates.

Heritage Signs Heritage Signs (Aboriginal, European, Webb etc)

Why As more people use Webb Park and interact with the Redhead community - some signs explaining the Heritage of the area (including Aboriginal and European heritage) could be used to help educate people on the Redhead community

How and When Once patronage at Webb Parks starts picking up people may start to want to know about the park and how and why it is there.

Who Redhead Sustainability Group, Redhead Heritage Society, Local Land Council

Permits None Required

Next Step Standalone recommendation

Funding Redhead Sustainability Group, Redhead Heritage Society, Local Land Council

Recycling Bins Recycling Bins: At the moment there are three general waste bins on site, the recommendation is to change these to general waste and a recycling bin at each spot - with consideration given to emplacing 3 other 2x bin combinations around the Webb Park area. These would be swapped around by Council staff coming out to clean toilets (3 times a week) thus each set of bins would get emptied on a cycle and shouldn't overflow a picture of enclosures is shown in figure 41.

Why To reduce general waste to landfill.

This would also give receptacles to those people who pick up their dog poo and put it in a bag then to just leaving it hanging on a fence post because to don't wish to carry the dog poo bag while they walk.

Figure 41: Recycled/General garbage enclosures This would also decrease the waste being thrown into the bush by some people using the walking paths and beach access paths.

How and When Consider approaching Lake Macquarie council about this as the garbage truck empties the 3 bins on sight and the recycling bins on the street get emptied fortnightly.

Organisation of council staff would need to organised to swap the fullest bins around for emptying.

Who Redhead Sustainability Group to approach Lake Macquarie council about possibility of a dual bin system being implemented at Webb park and then viability of increasing number of bins along walkways.

Permits None should be required.

Next Step While this is a standalone recommendation, an audit of the rubbish on site after this has been implemented could give a better understanding of where the bins could be placed so that people are less likely to toss their rubbish into the bush or on the ground.

Funding Lake Macquarie council would have to fund this - but placing dual bin system at the current locations shouldn't entail much of an increase in costs.

Placement of extra bins along walkways could incur a cost.

Constructed Wetland Constructed Wetland to process the stormwater going into First Creek from the Redhead community.

Why Community consultation would be required on the implementation of this recommendation. Some interest was shown by the Redhead community about this idea.

At present a lot of the stormwater is going into First Creek carrying lots of nutrients, sediment, chemicals and weed propagules. At the present lots of small children swim and play in First Creek as it is seen as safer than playing in the Beach. Studies on what the water is like should be undertaken and then education of the local community on what is in the stormwater there kids are playing needs to be undertaken. This then might serve as an impetus on creation of a constructed wetland or at least an understanding of stormwater systems and what they can do to improve First Creek.

How and When Research on the stormwater going into First Creek and the water coming from other inlets into that system would need to be undertaken first - Tafe/Uni Project.

If the water quality is bad then an education program should be undertaken probably to the local primary school so if the water is bad - parents will no longer let their kids play there.

If water is especially bad, then education of catchment or Lake Macquarie council needs to be approached on water quality.

Who Tafe could be approached on a Water Quality Research as could the University.

Permits

Next Step As a boardwalk is considered around where a constructed wetland could be placed, consideration of this should be given in any design of a constructed wetlands so as the boardwalk could show of any wetland in all its glory.

Funding The initial research could be maybe done with a research grant from Environment Research Grants.

Playground Equipment

Why There are no disable play equipment on site.

The Redhead Community are not real happy with the upgrade Webb Park received to its play area. Quite a few people felt the money spent was spent badly as it didn't see an increase in facilities (actually less stuff) and the equipment that was there was not that old to begin with.

How and When As Lake Macquarie Council has just recently redone the play area there - the chances of getting funding from them is small.

Any increase in play equipment would probably have to be community funded. Though if patronage increased by a large amount the council could increase the play equipment on site.

This could possibly be done by the Redhead Sustainability Group doing fund raising activities in conjuncture with the primary school (cookie drives, monies from monthly markets, Park bookings, zone/facilities sponsorship etc.

Who Redhead Sustainability Group and the Redhead community would have to be the ones pushing this.

Permits None Required.

Next Step

Funding Funding could be sought to bring in some disabled play equipment from Disabilities Australia though this would probably not increase the non-disabled play equipment on site.

Bridge Crossing Bridge crossing first creek on the beach side.

Why At the moment if people want o cross First Creek safely, the need to cross Beach Road and the cars travel quickly along this road use the foot path on the other side of the road and then cross back to the beach side of the road.

How and When There is an alternative to creating a footpath bridge on the beach side of Beach Road and that would entail placing 2 sets of speed bumps either side of the existing bridge and putting in a pedestrian crossing (possible with pedestrian zone in the middle)

Who Redhead Sustainable Neighbourhood to gauge community interest in bridge or pedestrian walkway so as to make the existing footpath more safe to use by beach goers.

Permits None required

Next Step

Funding Lake Macquarie Council will have to fund either proposal which makes the pedestrian walkway with speed bumps the more likely option.

New Toilet Block

Why The current toilet block is old, a disabled impediment and a WHS Risk due to kids able to climb onto the roof and play due to a lack of climbing/play equipment designed for early teenagers and older pre-teens, this was shown in an earlier picture under the Current Facilities section of the report.

The toilet block is in the Lake Macquarie's toilet improvement plan for an update - pressure needs to be put onto council to change this to a replacement due to its age, lack of disabled access, WHS risk due to kids playing on the roof and its general dinginess. This facility will see a huge increase in usage if some/all of increase in facility recommendation come to fruition. The monthly markets idea would stress the toilets beyond it capabilities which occurs on some weekends when use of the park is high.

How and When This needs to be put on the drawing board as something to fight the Lake Macquarie council over now so that once facilities envisioned for the park start to become a reality and park usage start to increase exponentially that this new toilet block with disabled facilities get built (hopefully before the increase usage and other facilities.

Who Redhead Sustainability Group to seek audience with Council workers on changing upgrade

Permits None required.

Next Step

Funding As disable facilities in the Lake Macquarie Local area are not yet up to required amounts pressure on Lake Macquarie council to pull down the current building and rebuild may bear fruit.

Detailed Flora and Fauna study Detailed study of fauna using the site including natives, companion animals and pest species, may include but not limited to native fauna (reptiles, insects, avian, arboreal, estuarine and marine), fox, rabbits, domestic dog and cat. Detailed study of the flora on the site including entry into hard to reach centre of the Coastal Heath.,

Why There is an existing ecosystem which is currently balanced and in harmony, and once you take out or remove one species from that ecosystem you are changing food sources and resources within the food web. Through investigation of the site existing food webs should be accurately mapped and population data collected to enable suitable qualified person to determine the most appropriate method for dealing with these pest species.

Detailed Flora and Fauna study so as to accurately map Protected Matters Search Threatened Species with flora and fauna on and using the site to better plan any recommendations without adverse impact on Endangered or vulnerable species.

Discussion – ensure community safety and the protection of native wild life – example of doing it wrong. Removal of Rabbit could make fox predate on lizards. Ecosystems can change with changes in predating species.

How and When Desktop survey, detailed field analysis must be conducted throughout a minimum 12 month period (ensuring all seasons are covered) several methods including camera trapping, spotlighting, nets (bats), pit traps should be used in the field to ensure accurate data.

Research plan objectives

Who Tafe or Uni student requiring a project to undertake it.

Permits All field work would have to meet Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 and current survey guidelines from OEH and also ethical requirements of their institution.

Next Step

Funding Students might need funding for equipment hire – community grant for such purposes.

Research grants in grant section.

Sustainable Festival Sustainable Festival using the education area.

Why To showcase Redhead Community, Webb Park, Local Schools, local business, local not for profits (Men's Shed) to the local and wider community.

How and When Once the monthly markets were started, example gardens planted, education area, were completed this could serve as a this is what we have done so far, this is the next step kind of thing. Eventually leading to a more showcasing of the Redhead Community and Webb Park as more facilities and area's become active.

Who Redhead sustainability Group should do these initially to show the community where things are up to.

Permits None should be required

Next Step

Funding Redhead sustainability Group should do these initially to show the community where things are up to.

Use of Education Area Use of Education Area by other education providers.

Why Multiple users of facilities make the application of grants a better prospect.

How and When Once Education facilities become available or consideration given as during any grant proposals.

Who High School, Tafe, Uni could have days using the education facilities and park for flora, fauna, water, soil, dune survey etc

Permits

Next Step

Funding Use of facilities could be booked from Redhead Sustainability Group for small fees to fund maintenance of said facilities and also fund other recommendations.

Water Slippery Slide Slippery slide with running water powered by stationary bike and reusable water

Why Some kids already bring hoses over to connect to the tap to do this already. If a bike powered pump with recirculating water system was designed and build this would reduce water usage for the park, provide another use for the slippery slide, increase the cardio workout for the kids doing the bicycle pumping and a provide a cool exercise for young kids on hot summer days - instead of running through a running water hose.

How and When After permission to alter park facilities is given, design and funding should be undertaken, then construction and placement with sign's explaining how it works should be done.

Who

Permits Lake Macquarie council concerning alteration of park facilities, WHS risk of recycling water in this manner

Next Step

Funding Redhead Sustainability Group to design and source funding for Men's Shed to construct.

Future Recommendations

Track Connecting Webb Park to Fernleigh Track Track between Webb Park and Collier St - Fernleigh Track

Signage at Fernleigh track at Collier Street advertising Webb Park and the new facilities there.

Why As lots of people use the Fernleigh track between Belmont and Newcastle for general exercise as well as to get from either to the other. A signage at the Collier St exit my encourage people to get off the Fernleigh track and discover Redhead and the things it offers bringing in business and possibly new residents.

How and When

Who Redhead Sustainability Group to consider approaching Lake Macquarie council about signage at Collier St exit of Fernleigh track to attract more passing people to Redhead.

Permits

Next Step

Funding

Cat Containment Cat Containment Area - like the ACT

Why Cats are natural hunters and the number of feral cats in the wild is huge and between the feral cats and house cats a huge number of native animals are killed each year.

How and When NSW would have to bring in something like the Domestic Animals Act, 2000 (ACT) section 81 Declaration of Cat Containment

Who

Permits

Next Step

Funding

Plastic Bag Free Redhead Plastic Bag free Redhead

Why Plastic bags cause lots of land fill, rubbish in the neighbourhood, deaths of turtles and other sea creatures

How and When

Who Approach of local shops to stop supplying bags with everything - or make people pay for them.

Permits

Next Step

Funding Legislative Considerations. The complete legislative considerations in included in Appendix O, however a summary of their finding is shown here.

None of the recommendations put forward in this report are outside the objectives for the considered legislation. On the whole the recommendations: Provide equitably for the Redhead Community (disabled and non-disabled) alike, Increase the facilities available to the Redhead Community, Show respect to the Aboriginal Culture and Heritage of the Area, Promote more environmentally friendly practices in the Redhead Community, Protect and enhance the Natural Environment for the current generation while ensuring the next has something cherish, Increase Biodiversity of the site, Clean up the pollution going onto Redhead beach via the stormwater system

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Sydney Weeds Committees, 2007. Environmental Weeds of the Sydney Central Region. [Online] Available at: http://sydneyweeds.org.au/wp-cms/wp-content/uploads/Syd-Central-brochure.pdf [Accessed 21 July 2015]. Sydney Weeds Committees, 2007. Noxious Weeds of the Sydney North Region. [Online] Available at: http://sydneyweeds.org.au/wp-cms/wp-content/uploads/Syd-Nth-brochure.pdf [Accessed 21 July 2015]. Sydney Weeds Committees, 2007. Weeds of Sydney West Region. [Online] Available at: http://sydneyweeds.org.au/wp-cms/wp-content/uploads/Syd-West-brochure.pdf [Accessed 21 July 2015]. Sydney Weeds Committees, 2007. Weeds of the South West Sydney Region. [Online] Available at: http://sydneyweeds.org.au/wp-cms/wp-content/uploads/Syd-Sth-West-brochure.pdf [Accessed 21 July 2015]. Sydney Weeds Committees, 2015. Sydney Weeds Committees Home Page. [Online] Available at: http://sydneyweeds.org.au/ [Accessed 12 June 2015]. TAFE Conservation and Land Management Diploma, 2014. Field Vegetation Assessment, Bull Street Reserve, NSW, Newcastle: s.n. The City of Newcastle, 2006. Newcastle Biodiversity Strategy. [Online] Available at: http://www.newcastle.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0015/20823/Newcastle_Biodiversity_Strateg y.pdf [Accessed 7 May 2015]. The National Committe on Soil and Terrain, 2009. Australian Soil and Land Survey Field Handbook. 3rd ed. Victoria: CSIRo Publishing. The University of Newcastle, 2000a. D. Gravio, G. Whatever happened to Shelley Beach, Mayfield Website. [Online] Available at: http://libguides.newcastle.edu.au/content.php?pid=251354&sid=2089256 [Accessed 29/05/15]. The University of Newcastle, 2000. D. Gravio, G. Whatever happened to Shelley Beach, Mayfield Website. [Online] Available at: http://libguides.newcastle.edu.au/content.php?pid=251354&sid=2089256 [Accessed 29/05/15]. Tickled Mommy Club, 2015. Buffalo Creek Park. [Online] Available at: http://www.tickledmummyclub.com.au/sage-frugal-tips/travel-ideas-and-inspiration/tmc- park-playground-review-buffalo-creek-reserve-playground-nsw-1 [Accessed 14 October 2015]. Trees in Newcastle, 2015. Fire Retardant Plants. [Online] Available at: http://www.treesinnewcastle.org.au/SiteFiles/treesinnewcastleorgau/TIN_Topic_13_- _Fire_Retardant_Plants.pdf [Accessed 2016]. University of Newcastle , 1995. Library Guides - Mayfield website: 1910-1920 - BHP. [Online] Available at: http://libguides.newcastle.edu.au/mayfield/bhp [Accessed 20 July 2015].

Appendices Appendix A – Threatened Species

Appendix B – Field Data – Soil

Site 1 Sample pH Texture Structure Erosion Magnetic Comments Attribute 1 6.5 Sand Apedal Very Magnetic Rocky High 2 5.5 Sand Apedal Very Magnetic Rocky High 3 6.5 Sand Apedal Very Magnetic High 4 6.5 Sand Apedal Very Magnetic High 5 6.5 Sand Apedal Very Magnetic High 6 6.5 Sand Apedal Very Magnetic High 7 6.5 Sand Apedal Very Non High Magnetic

Surface Temp 19.8 Hole Temp 15.7

Site 2 Sample pH Texture Structure Erosion Magnetic Comments Attribute 1 6 Sand Sand Very Non Mag Well Draining High 2 6 Sand Sand Very Non Mag High 3 5.5 Sand Sand Very Non Mag High 4 5.5 Sand Sand Very Non Mag High 5 5.5 Sand Sand Very Non Mag High 6 5.5 Sand Sand Very Non Mag High

Surface Temp 15.5 Hole Temp 14.2

Site 3A Sampl pH Texture Structure Erosion Magnetic Comments e Attribute 1 6 Sand Apedal Very Non Mag Well Draining High 2 5.5 Sand Apedal Very Mag High 3 6 Sand Apedal Very Non Mag High 4 5.5 Clay Sand Apedal Very Mag High 5 Hit Rock @ 27cm

Surface Temp 20.3 Hole Temp 16.1

Site 3 Sampl pH Texture Structure Erosion Magnetic Comments e Attribute 1 6 Sand Apedal Very Non High 2 Unable to get sand out of hole

Surface Temp 19.2 Hole Temp

Site 4 Sampl pH Texture Structure Erosion Magnetic Comments e Attribute 1 6.5 Silty Clay Polyhedral 10-20 Non Loam 2 6 Loamy Polyhedral 10-20 Non Sand 3 6 Loamy Polyhedral 10-20 Non Sand 4 6 Sandy Polyhedral 10-20 Non Loam 5 6 Sand Apedal Non 6 6 Sand Apedal Non

Surface Temp 17.4 Hole Temp

Site 5 Sampl pH Texture Structure Erosion Magnetic Comments e Attribute 1 5 Sandy Apedal Very Non Loam High 2 6 Sandy Sub angular Magnetic Loam 3 6.5 Sand Apedal Non 4 7 Sand Apedal Non 5 7 Sand Apedal Magnetic 6 6.5 Sand Apedal Non

Surface Temp 19.1 Hole Temp 14.3

Site 6 Sampl pH Texture Structure Erosion Magnetic Comments e Attribute 1 4 Loamy Apedal High Non Colour change from orange to Sand grey to white 2 4 Loamy Apedal High Non Pebbles in 2 Sand 3 5 Loamy Apedal High Non Sand 4 5.5 Loamy Apedal High Non Sand 5 5.5 Loamy Apedal High Non Sand 6 5.5 Loamy Apedal High Non Sand

Surface Temp 17.1 Hole Temp 14.1

Appendix C – Field Data – Flora

Zone 1-1

NATIVE FLORA SURVEY BOTANICAL COMMON yes 400 Acacia longifolia sophorae Coastal Wattle X 401 Leptospermum laevigatum Coastal Tea Tree X 402 Banksia integrifolia Coast Banksia X 404 Cupaniopsis anacardioides Tuckeroo X Chrysanthemoides monilifera* Bitou Bush X

Bidens pilosa* Cobbler's Peg X

Angeratina adenophora* Crofton Weed X

Senecio madagascariensis* Fireweed X

Lantana camara* Lantana X

Sonchus oleraceus* Milk Thistle X

92 Banksia serrata Old-man Banksia X

152 Casuarina glauca Swamp Oak X

166 Breynia oblongifolia Coffee Bush X 196 Pittosporum undulatum Sweet Pittosporum X 232 Dianella caerulea Blue Flax Lily X

277 Lomandra longifolia Spiny-Headed Mat Rush X

311 Pteridium esculentum Bracken Fern X

335 Kennedia rubicunda Dusky Coral Pea X

369 Acmena smithii Lilly Pilly X

389 Carpobrotus glaucescens Coast Pigface X

65 Acacia parvipinnula X

408 Tribulus terrestris * Cat's Eye X

236 Bryophyllum delagoense * mother of millions X

Colocasia spp Elephant Ears (Taro) ? X

301 Stachys byzantia * Lamb's Ears X

39 Aspargus asparagoides * Bridal asparagus X

303 Cinnamomum camphora * Camphor laurel X

226 Doryanthes excelsa Gymea lily X

Araucaria heterophylla * Norfolk Island Pine X

209 Cerastium spp * Chick weed X

183 Brassica oleracea * Wild cabbage X

130 Conyza spp * Fleabane X

404 Verbena bonariensis * Purple top X

252 Senna pendula * Senna X

52 Briza minor * Shivery grass X

64 Hyparrhenia hirta * Coolatai grass X

60 Eragrostis curvula * African lovegrass X

60 Syncarpia glomulifera Turpentine X

274 Trifolium repens * Clover X

72 Pennisetum clandestinum * Kikuyu X Zone 2 Zone 1

114 277 152 402 400 399 337 109 386 111 395 144 215 226 114 312 92 70 52 -

2 Garden

Morus spp * South Weeds of Anthemis tinctotia * Acradenia frankliniae Grevilia hybrid Dianella longifolia Callistemon formosus Banksia ericofolio spinulosax Banksia spinulosa Lomandra longifolia Casuarina glauca Banksia integrifolia Acacia longifolia sophorae Westringia fruticosa Plantago lanceolata * Panicumsp * Austrostipa sp. Ipomoea cairica Briza minor * Leucopogon lanceolatus Leucopogon lanceolatus Cestrumparqui * Monotoca eliptica Solanumnigrum * Sonshusoleraceus * Solanumvescum Commelina cyanea Agapanthusspp. Shefflera actinophylla Monotoca elliptica Lagunaria patersonia * Agavacae spp.* Anthemis Sansevieria spp *

South Weeds Weeds of

East

- East tinctotia *

BOTANICAL

NATIVE FLORASURVEY NATIVE FLORASURVEY

Daisy Whitey White flowers Banksia Giant Candles Hair Spiny Swamp Oak Coast Banksia Coastal Wattle Coast Rosemary Coastal Morning Glory grassShivery BeardLance Lance Green Cestrum Tree Broom Black Common Sowthistle Gunyang Scurvy Agapanthus Umbrella tree Chinese tree Yucca Daisy Mother in Mulberry Ribwort Panic grasses Spear grass

- Farley Moore& pin Bansia

- -

Headed MatRush berry nightshade Beard -

weed wood

Farley Moore& -

law tongue

- - Heath

heath heath -

COMMON

Norfolk Island Hybiscus

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

yes yes

398 Leucopogon parviflorus Coastal Beardheath X 399 Scaevola calendulacea Scented Fan Flower X 399 Westringia fruticosa Coast Rosemary X 400 Acacia longifolia sophorae Coastal Wattle X 401 Leptospermum laevigatum Coastal Tea Tree X 402 Banksia integrifolia Coast Banksia X 404 Cupaniopsis anacardioides Tuckeroo X 406 Juncus kraussii ssp. australiensis Sea rush ? 409 Spinifex sericeus Hairy Spinifex X Asparagus aethiopicus* Asparagus Fern X Soliva sessllis* Bindii X Chrysanthemoides monilifera* Bitou Bush X Stenotaphrum secundaium* Buffalo Grass X Ricinus communis* Castor Oil Plant X Bidens pilosa* Cobbler's Peg X Erythrina x sykesii* Coral Tree X Angeratina adenophora* Crofton Weed X Taraxacum sp.* Dandelion X Senecio madagascariensis* Fireweed X Lantana camara* Lantana X Sonchus oleraceus* Milk Thistle X Asphodelus fistulosus* Onion Weed X

Cortaderia selloana* Pampas Grass X

Ehrharta erecta* Panic Veldt Grass X

Hydrocotyle bonariensis* Pennywort X

56 Melaleuca armillaris Bracelet Honeymyrtle X

92 Banksia serrata Old-man Banksia X

124 Actinotus helianthi Flannel Flower X 136 Cymbopogon refractus Barbwire Grass X

152 Casuarina glauca Swamp Oak X

166 Breynia oblongifolia Coffee Bush X

196 Pittosporum undulatum Sweet Pittosporum X

232 Dianella caerulea Blue Flax Lily X

277 Lomandra longifolia Spiny-Headed Mat Rush X

311 Pteridium esculentum Bracken Fern X 332 Hibbertia scandens Climbing Guinea-flower X 336 Stephania japonica Snake Vine X 389 Carpobrotus glaucescens Coast Pigface X 226 Commelina cyanea Scurvy weed X 215 Solanum vescum Gunyang X 130 Conyza ssp * Fleabane X 144 Sonshus oleraceus * Common Sowthistle X 395 Solanum nigrum * Black-berry nightshade X 111 Monotoca eliptica Tree Broom-Heath X 386 Cestrum parqui * Green Cestrum X 109 Leucopogon lanceolatus Lance Beard-heath X 226 Doryanthes excelsa Gymea lily X 52 Briza minor * Shivery grass X Austrostipa sp. Spear grass X 70 Panicum sp * Panic grasses X 337 Plantago lanceolata * Ribwort X Agapantha spp* Agapantha X 408 Tribulus terrestris * Cat's Eye X 395 Solanum mauritianum * Wild Tobacco X 149 Onopordum acanthium* Scotch Thistle X 209 Cerastium ssp * Chick weed X 115 Arctotheca ssp * Cape weed X 64 Hyparrhenia hirta * Coolatai grass X 183 Brassica oleracea * Wild cabbage X 60 Eragrostis curvula * African lovegrass X 252 Senna pendula * Senna X Trifolium repens* Clover X Capsicum spp* Capsicum X Agapanthus spp.* Agapanthus X

Weeds of

South-East Farley & Moore

Zone 5-1

NATIVE FLORA SURVEY

BOTANICAL COMMON yes 399 Westringia fruticosa Coast Rosemary X 401 Leptospermum laevigatum Coastal Tea Tree X 402 Banksia integrifolia Coast Banksia X 404 Cupaniopsis anacardioides Tuckeroo X 428 Phragmites australis Native Reed X Asparagus aethiopicus* Asparagus Fern X Chrysanthemoides monilifera* Bitou Bush X Ricinus communis* Castor Oil Plant X Bidens pilosa* Cobbler's Peg X Vicia sativa * Common Vetch X Lantana camara* Lantana X Sonchus oleraceus* Milk Thistle X

Cortaderia selloana* Pampas Grass X

56 Melaleuca armillaris Bracelet Honeymyrtle X 70 Acacia longifolia Sydney Golden Wattle X

92 Banksia serrata Old-man Banksia X

152 Casuarina glauca Swamp Oak X

277 Lomandra longifolia Spiny-Headed Mat Rush X

311 Pteridium esculentum Bracken Fern X

335 Kennedia rubicunda Dusky Coral Pea X

369 Acmena smithii Lilly Pilly X

209 Cerastium ssp * Chick weed X Zone 5

389 330 311 232 167 152 428 404 402 401 400 175 162 106 395 301 408 115 -

72 71 60 52 52 2

Arctotheca Trifolium repens * Araucaria heterophylla * Carpobrotus glaucescens Cassyntha pubescens Pteridiumesculentum Dianella caerulea Omalanthuspopulifolius Casuarina glauca Ehrharta erecta* Cortaderia selloana* Sonchusoleraceus* Lantana camara* Senecio madagascariensis* Taraxacum sp.* Angeratina adenophora* Erythrina sykesii* x Vicia sativa * Bidens pilosa* Chrysanthemoides monilifera* Asparagusaethiopicus* Phragmites australis Cupaniopsisanacardioides Banksia integrifolia Leptospermumlaevigatum Acacia longifolia sophorae South Weeds of Echiumplantagineum * Taraxacum spp * Pennisetumclande Paspalumdimidiatum * Neriumoleander * Callistemon spp Solanumnigerum * Trifolium repens Eragrostiscurvula * Stachysbyzantia * Tribulusterrestris * Briza major * Briza minor *

- East

ssp * BOTANICAL

tinum *

NATIVE FLORASURVEY

Clover Norfolk Island Pine Coast Pigface Devils Twine Bracken Fern BlueFlax Lily Native Poplar Swamp Oak Panic Veldt Grass Pampas ThistleMilk Lantana Fireweed Dandelion Crofton Weed Coral Tree Common Vetch Cobbler's Peg Bush Bitou Asparagus Fern Native Reed Tuckeroo Coast Banksia Coastal Tea Tree Coastal Wattle Paterson's curse Dandelion Kikuyu Oleander Nightshade Clover Africangrass love Lambs Ear/Tongue Cat's EyeBindii grassShivery CapeWeed Farley Moore&

Grass

COMMON

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

yes 114 Anthemis tinctotia * Daisy X 52 Briza minor * Shivery grass X 52 Briza major * X 322 Ludwigia longifolia * Long -leaf willow primrose X 159 Solidago canadensis * Canada goldenrod X

51 Avena barbata * Bearded oat X

383 Veronica hederifolia * Ivy-leafed speedwell X

Weeds of

South-East Farley & Moore

Appendix D – Field Data – Fauna

Surveyor - Nat Scats Track, Observations, Scratches, marking digging. Location Date Time Observer Creek near old 8/10/2015 9am -9:20am Nat bridge Observation Type Animal Comments Location Heard Crow Heard Sparrow Heard Many minor birds Heard Crested Pigeon Sighted Black and White butterfly Hovering over Lantana heard Male and Female Whip birds Heard unknown bird call sighted 3 x flying insects hovering over near Banksia sighted 2 female wrens roosting on lantana heard swamp frog heard unknown frog call heard Little wattle bird - Anthochaera chrysoptera Sighted Unknown bird flying high over site. Heard minor birds sighted 2 red browed finches roosting on lantana sighted approximately 17 finches with a They were roosting and flying around yellow stripe on their checks the lantana

and papyrus, some of them were also feeding on the leaf litter.

Sighted Eastern Shipbird roosting on camphor laurel sighted Yellow spotted honeyeater on branch of Banksia sighted Male fairy wren lantana Sighted Female fairy wren Lantana appeared to be following the male Sighted dark brown moth on leaf litter Sighted common brown spider on twig in leaf litter. heard unknown frog call sighted European bee on clover flower sighted fly roosting on bracken fern heard movement under lantana and surrounding vegetation of reptile or mammal. sighted Water rat come out of lantana took one look at me and walk north up the left bank of the creek. Sighted Crested Pigeon Roosting on Banksia branch.

Surveyor - Tim Scats Track, Observations, Scratches, marking digging. Location Date Time Observer Creek near old bridge 8/10/2015 9am -9:20am Tim Observation Type Animal Comments Location Heard Red wattle bird - Anthochaera carunculata Heard Noisy minor Seen Kookaburra Heard Whip bird Seen black ants Seen spiders Seen fly Seen Lewin's honeyeater Seen Rabbit diggings Seen Water hen Heard Crow Seen Dog

Surveyor - Gabby Scats Track, Observations, Scratches, marking digging. Location Date Time Observer Helipad 8/10/2015 9am -9:20am Gabby Observation Type Animal Comments Location Heard Crow Heard whip bird sighted magpie sighted red finch Sighted noisy minor sighted dog sighted spiders sighted rabbit heard cookoo sighted blue fairy wren sighted currawong

Surveyor - Group Creek Line Location Date Time Observer Creek Line 8/10/2015 9.40am -10am Gabby, Tim, Nat Observation Type Animal Comments Location Sighted lady beetle Sighted green ants Sighted white butterfly Sighted grey butterfly Sighted balwmain butterfly Sighted dog scats Sighted ants nest Sighted spider nest sighted rabbit scats Sighted European bee Sighted native bee Sighted eastern honey eater Sighted fox den Sighted beetle (Prosotona Sighted minor bird Sighted black ant Sighted echidna diggings Sighted water dragon Sighted blue tongue lizard Sighted wasp nest Sighted lewins bird Sighted lace monitor

Surveyor - Group Boardwalk Location Date Time Observer Board Walk 8/10/2015 10am -10.20am Gabby, Tim, Nat Observation Type Animal Comments Location Sighted dog scats Sighted rabbit scats Sighted lizard skink Sighted wasp nest Sighted rabbit digging Sighted butterfly Sighted snake tracks Sighted ant nest sighted bandicoot burrow Sighted water hen Sighted maggots Sighted dogs Sighted spider web Heard whip Sighted minor bird Sighted red-faced finches Sighted Balmain butterfly Sighted noisy minor nests Sighted ringtail possum nest Sighted dragonfly Sighted lewins bird Sighted lace monitor

Appendix E – Field Data – Land Use Rate Street Single Dual Town Home National Exotic Native condition Name dwelling Occ house Units Business Commercial Industrial Tourism Rural Notes Park Recreation garden garden (1-10) Alison Street 14 1 12 2 8 Allard St & Beach St 41 1 2 1 2 34 7 6 Bennet Street 19 1 18 1 7 Bentley Couple of boats, Street 45 caravans. 37 8 7 Beresfor d Close 11 10 1 7 Bombora Close 14 14 0 8 Brown Street 55 50 5 7 Burns Street 58 2 3 2 2 3 48 10 7 Cain Street 43 37 7 5 Callicoma Place 12 12 0 8 Collier Street 58 1 16 1 1 1 43 16 7 Cowlisha wStreet 88 3 2 7 84 6 7 Dodds Street 67 Lots of Dogs 20 5 8 Dryandra Place 15 15 0 8 Ebsworth Street 18 1 19 0 8 Elandale Place 12 2 14 0 7 Elsdon Street 22 2 1 18 1 7 Wet basin with Geraldto native plantings. n Drive 70 2 Men's Shed and 71 1 8 children's playground. Hanly Street 4 3 1 6 High Street 17 2 17 2 8 Hovea Place 8 8 0 9 Hutchins School, Church on Street 73 2 3 and Library 40 8 7 Iluka Street 5 5 0 9 Jesmond Street 19 17 2 8 Kearle Street 10 10 0 6 Ocean Street 14 14 0 7 Redhead The old Road 5 orphanage site 5 0 10 Redhead Street 8 7 1 7 Retirement Retireme village with 16 nt single dwellings, Village, a hostel and Redhead recreation Road 16 1 facilities. 16 0 9 Sea Scape Wet basin with Drive 35 1 1 native plantings. 37 0 7 Shortlan d Street 31 28 3 8 Steel Street 23 2 5 1 7 0 7 Stokes Street 18 17 1 7 Whitecap Close 17 17 0 7 Woods Street 79 1 2 77 3 7

1044 17 1 27 5 17 7 0 0 7 881 91 7.4

Appendix F – Field Data – Community Survey No Use Skate Better/more Exercise Bridge Educational BBQ Fenced Wetland Native Shade Other_Rank Other_Description Changes Dog Veg Trees 1043 884 1034 1122 1216 1064 1305 1101 1017 884 1127 5th 1st 4th 8th 10th 6th 11th 7th 3rd 1st 9th 1_1 Study, walking 1 2 8 9 6 5 10 7 3 4 2 Flying fox Enforce dogs on leash 1_2 Walking, running, 7 4 6 5 8 9 11 1 2 3 5 Pathways, Pathways that link to study, enjoy nature garbage bins, Awabakal & fernleigh larger signs, fines track, set crossings for for off lead, better beach rd, bridge over playground (new creak, gardens, cafe, one aweful) speed humps in beach carpark, overflow carpark sealed or grass 1_3 picnics, bbq, nature 11 4 6 7 5 1 11 3 8 2 11 observing, playground, access to beach, walking 1_4 email 1_5 don't 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 1_6 picnics, bbq, 11 3 3 11 11 11 11 11 11 3 11 excercise equipment, playground, excercise, older children recreation, access to playground beach 1_7 picnics, bbq, 1 2 11 3 4 8 11 7 5 6 4 Better Climbing no fence playground, excercise, stuff sport, dog walking, access to beach 2_1 recreation, beach 11 3 11 11 11 11 1 4 11 11 1 No dogs on beach Skate park access, dog walking between 1st &2nd creeks, boardwalk repaired and maintained by council 2_2 bbq, & kids play area 7 3 10 4 6 2 5 8 9 11 1 play equipment more shelters, bbq's, play equipment 2_3 walking dog, 11 1 1 6 11 4 11 3 5 2 11 Skate park playground, beach access 2_4 shortcut to the Cain 11 11 6 11 6 11 11 6 6 6 6 Redhead history Definitely NO DOGS. stree walkway There are too many dogs that access the beach from here. Dogs should go the beach from Cain St carpark at 2nd creek. Also ban dogs from 1st & 2nd creek 2_5 all 4 3 6 7 8 5 11 9 1 2 5 Example gardens, more parking, cafe, pathways connection to residential area & fernleigh track 2_6 picnic, bbq, excercise 5 5 5 5 5 5 11 5 5 5 11 dog off lead dog, walking 2_7 all of them 11 1 11 11 11 3 11 5 4 2 11 No skate park here, but maybe off Kalaroo Rd and Elsdon St 2_8 playground, bbq, 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 less dog poo, shade trees over playground access to beach & walkway 3_1 access to beach 3 11 11 11 1 11 11 11 11 2 11 To many permanent fixtures 3_2 11 2 11 11 11 4 11 3 5 1 5 No dogs off leads 3_3 access to beach, 10 8 9 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 11 No skate park, no more playground "active" facilities 3_4 bbq, walking 11 11 3 4 11 11 11 2 11 1 5 more garbage bins No dog off lead area 3_5 11 11 1 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 play area similar to spears pt park 3_6 would use if skate park 1 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 3_7 dog walking 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 No skate park 3_8 don't 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 3_9 don't 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 no skatepark 3_10 playground. 1 2 7 6 9 3 11 8 5 4 11 4_1 playground, walking 3 11 4 2 11 11 1 11 11 5 5 more playground a dog fence area equipment 4_2 walking dog, access to 1 6 5 10 9 5 4 8 7 2 10 drinking tap, dog less garbage bins beach poo bag holder 4_3 playground, picnics, 11 11 11 11 4 3 11 5 2 1 11 access to beach 4_4 use for all 11 3 11 11 11 4 11 5 2 1 5 please not leash free dog zone 4_5 playground, fitness, 1 4 5 2 9 3 10 7 8 6 11 skate park added, no beach access, bbq, dogs allowed sport 4_6 playground, picnics, 11 5 3 2 4 11 11 11 11 1 11 shade sales walking dog 4_7 excercise, access to 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 Nothing, but stop dogs beach on beach (too many) 4_8 beach access 11 11 3 11 4 11 11 11 2 1 11 5_1 access to beach 11 11 11 2 11 11 11 11 1 11 11 5_2 excercise, access to 11 2 1 5 11 3 11 4 6 11 11 beach, sport 5_3 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 2 1 11 5_4 fun 1 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 5_5 11 11 1 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 5_6 11 4 11 11 11 5 11 1 2 3 5 Cafe 5_7 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 shops, speed bumps, cross 5_8 access to beach, bbq, 11 11 4 1 11 11 11 11 11 2 3 better play skate park, dog off lead playground equipment and area (plenty of space for more this on the beach) 5_9 picnics, park, sport, 1 2 3 11 8 7 11 6 5 4 11 skate park - top priority access to beach, walking 6_1 recreation, beach 1 3 4 11 11 11 2 11 11 11 11 access 6_2 excercising, bbq, 1 3 2 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 more bench seats playground, dog walking, soccer training 6_3 excercising, bbq, 1 3 2 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 toilet block needs more bench seats playground, dog revamping walking, soccer training 6_4 dog walking, 11 8 5 7 6 11 1 4 3 2 9 Boule skate park to Collier, playground, bbq, leave it as it is, poo bin picnics and bags in dog area 6_5 don't use 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 6_6 exercise, beach access 11 11 3 11 11 11 11 2 1 11 5 crossing 6_7 playground, bbq, 7 1 8 6 9 2 11 4 3 5 5 speed bumbs in carpark off beach, crossing at beach access beach road 6_8 playground, beach 11 1 11 3 11 2 11 11 4 11 5 shops, better access parking 7_1 exercising, bbq, 11 1 2 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 playground, dog walking, soccer training 7_2 don't use 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 no skate park 7_3 walking, bbq, 4 1 11 2 3 5 11 6 8 7 5 shops no off lead at all playground 7_4 walk though it 5 1 5 5 5 5 11 5 5 5 11 Dogs 7_5 don't 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 more trees 7_6 all 4 3 4 10 6 2 7 9 8 1 5 community toilets, dog poo garden, cafe (especially in bags hanging on fence) 7_7 dog walking, access to 10 2 8 1 9 3 7 5 6 4 11 skate park beach 7_8 dog, access beach 10 2 8 1 9 3 7 5 6 4 11 skate park 8_1 playground, access to 11 11 11 1 11 11 11 11 11 2 11 skate park, dog off lead boardwalk area (enough of this at the beach 8_2 landcare site, 11 11 11 11 3 11 11 11 1 2 11 skate park, fenced dog off lead area, bridge access to beach 8_3 everything 11 2 11 11 11 1 11 11 11 3 11 skate park, rubbish & dog poo a problem 8_4 playground, sport, 4 11 11 3 5 11 11 11 1 2 11 recreation, access to beach 8_5 walking 9 3 7 5 8 4 11 1 2 6 11 8_6 playground 1 11 2 3 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 8_7 playground 1 11 2 3 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 8_8 playground, exercise, 11 5 7 2 3 4 11 6 11 1 8 prohibit car skate park, dog off lead beach access parking east of area - not enforced atm first creek by council, additional parking 8_9 playground, exercise 11 5 7 3 9 11 11 1 2 6 11 no off lead, no skate park 9_1 bike riding, 4 1 6 5 9 3 7 10 8 2 11 no wetland, maintain as playground, sport, recreational park area. beach access, play with dog 9_2 bike riding, sport, 11 4 4 4 11 11 11 11 11 4 11 no wetland, no skate playground park 9_3 bbq, playground, 4 3 11 10 6 2 7 9 8 1 5 monthly market toilets. access to beach 9_4 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 skate park 9_5 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 dogs 9_6 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 5 big trees for dogs shade, not Norfolk pines or natives 9_7 dog walking, passive 11 6 7 8 5 2 3 11 4 1 11 dog poo bins recreations, children's activities 9_8 picnics, bbq, beach 11 11 11 2 11 11 11 11 11 1 11 access 10_1 playground, picnics, 2 3 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 4 picnic tables with any of the above 1-5 bbq, recreation cover, improved welcome playground 10_2 access to beach 11 11 4 4 11 4 11 11 11 4 11 playground area should stay the same 10_3 all of them 11 2 8 1 7 3 6 11 5 4 5 bigger playground and/or coffee shop 10_4 picnics, dog walking, 11 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 11 skate park access to beach 10_5 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 refresh the park make ppl proud 10_6 bike, beach 8 2 3 8 5 5 11 9 1 4 5 bike path connecting through Redhead 10_7 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 shade tree No dogs 10_8 don't use 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 3 4 1 11 10_9 access to beach, bbq, 11 1 11 2 11 5 11 11 3 4 11 playground 11_1 picnics, part of walking 11 11 1 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 Chin up bar route 11_2 access to beach, 11 11 5 11 4 11 6 3 2 1 5 recycling bins larger car park picnics, dog walking 11_3 picnics, bbq, 11 2 11 11 11 1 11 11 11 3 3 structures no skate park as car park playground, full on beach or picnic recreation, beach day, rubbish a problem, access 11_4 playground 1 2 11 11 11 6 11 4 5 3 11 dog poo bins 11_5 access to beach 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 5 pathways skate park connecting to the residential areas, shops cafe 11_6 picnics, playground, 11 2 11 11 11 11 5 3 4 1 11 recreation, beach 11_7 picnics, playground, 11 2 11 11 11 11 5 3 4 1 5 improved recreation, access playground beach 11_8 picnics, bbq, 11 4 6 7 5 1 11 3 8 2 11 no dogs playground, walking, access to beach 11_9 all of them 6 1 2 3 5 4 11 11 5 11 11 no dogs off lead S_1 playground, bbq, kids 3 1 2 11 7 5 11 8 6 4 11 disappointed with parties, beach access recent playground upgrade (waste of money) S_2 playground, access to 3 1 2 11 7 5 11 11 11 4 11 upset with playground beach, weekend upgrade - they could parties have researched better ones S_3 don't use 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 11 11 11 likes idea to treat stormwater S_4 don't use 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 1 11 no skate park, more trees S_5 playground, access to 3 1 2 11 7 5 11 11 6 4 11 upset with playground beach, weekend upgrade - they could parties have researched better ones S_6 don't use 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 S_7 5 5 5 5 11 11 11 11 11 11 5 Cafe, connection no dogs in park, make of pathways dog off lead from Cain around allard st, st) let ppl enjoy beach collier to fernliegh without dog poo (I own track, car parking, a dog) vegie gardens, kids bike track, better toilets S_8 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 11 11 11 11 no to skate park, more dog facilities and carparking S_9 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 11 11 11 11 no to skate park, more dog facilities and carparking S_10 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 no skate park S_11 No survey this number S_12 5 5 11 11 11 5 11 5 5 11 5 more tables, better playground, no improve toilet fenced dog area (owners block take dogs to beach) S_13 5 11 5 11 11 5 11 5 5 11 5 more tables, better playground. improve toilet block S_14 11 5 5 11 11 5 11 5 5 11 11 no skate park. S_15 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 bike path and stop parking on hill crossing across across from creek beach road S_16 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 3 3 3 pathways so ppl stop dogs off leash in don't wreck grass park (easier access for prams) S_17 3 11 11 11 11 11 11 3 11 11 3 cafe wants ducks in wetland S_18 1 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 skate park is a yes S_19 walk to beach 11 5 5 5 5 5 11 5 5 5 11 no skate park, dogs banned S_20 access to beach 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 no skate park. S_21 playground 5 5 11 11 11 5 11 5 5 11 5 more tables, improve toilet block S_22 don't use - not much 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 11 need to add all of these there and more to make it great S_23 everything 1 3 2 8 7 4 11 6 11 5 9 soccer goals, half no fences anywhere basketball court, hand ball court, cricket pitch S_24 walking to beach 1 3 2 11 11 4 11 11 11 5 6 wants more no dogs information on wetland S_25 playground, beach 1 2 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 3 better play no dogs access equipment that inspires rather than depresses S_26 1 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 skate park S_27 everything 1 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 2 cafe, small make ppl pick up dog beachie shops, poo paths and real playground that adults wish they had had S_28 1 2 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 2 playground from space S_29 1 2 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 2 playground for climbers S_30 walking and exercise 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 all of them no dogs or fences S_31 don't use 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 could use face lift S_32 exercise 11 2 1 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 2 better toilets, no skate park central coast for exercise equipment S_33 don't use 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 no skate park S_34 all of them 11 11 11 11 11 3 11 3 3 11 11 no skate park S_35 exercise 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 no skate park S_36 beach access 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 needs to be fixed but there is no money so good luck S_37 access to beach 5 5 5 5 5 5 11 5 5 5 11 no dogs but rest of list good S_38 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 no skate park, no dogs S_39 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 11 everything sounded great - make it a place to go S_40 walking, kids birthdays, 5 5 11 11 11 5 11 5 5 11 5 more tables, fences might ruin, no general play area for improve toilet fenced dog area - most ki=ds block dogs go to beach S_41 walk dog 11 3 6 5 4 11 11 7 2 1 11 youth partying in area - skate park make it worse. But skate park good idea. O'Connar Park dog area needs fence towards Kalaroo Rd S_42 playground, beach 1 1 2 11 7 5 11 11 6 4 11 I am very disappointed access, bbq, kids of the recent playground parties upgrade. What a waste of money. The old equipment was not in disrepair and a lot of money was wasted by replacing the old with new for no improvement. I had assumed that the playground upgrade was going to add to the existing facilities, not replace them. Webb park is very under-utilised and has so much potential. It could be a great facility to Redhead residents and Lake Macquarie community, as well as beneficial to Redhead businesses. When I visit other small communities with enticing play equipment, sun shading, fitness equipment, skate park, climbing walls and clean BBQ facilities I cringe at the loss of the opportunity at Webb Park to our community. Examples include Merriwa (cnr King George V Avenue & Quigley St) and Peninsula Recreation Precinct, Umina (behind the SLSC). Webb Park could be a wonderful recreation precinct on a smaller scale to Speers Pt park with better play facilities, exercise equipment, skate park, and shade.

Appendix G – Field Data – Habitat

Webb Park Is area Area appearance: on: If trees present: Average height of overstorey Dominant ground cover: Log dependent fauna: Isolated X Flat 1 Species 3-5 metres Tussocks Absent Semi-isolated Ridge 2-3 Species X 5-10 metres Hummocks Poor Not-isolated X Gully X > 3 Species 10-15 metres Continuous grass/herbs Average X Continuous Tree/Shrub Slope 15 metres Low Heath Good Are trees: Dieback: X Weeds Excellent Outcrops in area: Even aged None Bare dirt/rocks/litter Absent X Multi-aged X Some Habitat Quality: X Scattered Extensive Hollow dependent fauna: Rock dependent fauna: Common Understorey structure If shrubs present: Absent Absent Abundant Tall under storey shrub (>2m) Single species Poor Poor Surface rocks of 10-30cm diameter: Absent 2-3 species Average Average Absent Scattered X > 3 species X Good Good X Scattered X Common Excellent Excellent Common Abundant Abundant Shrubs mostly: Surface rocks > 30cm diameter: Native X Absent X Exotic Scattered Other habitat quality aspects: Common Table top, card board, plastic cups, thickets for foxes, finches, wrens, insects. Deadwood, fungi in fallen rotten logs, range of hollow Abundant Sizes, lots of rabbit holes, spider nests in toilet block, leaf litter and habitat in the mulch, tables habitat for spiders and other insects Cliffs and overhangs: X Absent Scattered Common Abundant

Freshwater Creek Is area Area appearance: on: If trees present: Average height of overstorey Dominant ground cover: Log dependent fauna: Isolated X Flat 1 Species 3-5 metres Tussocks Absent Semi-isolated Ridge 2-3 Species X 5-10 metres Hummocks X Poor Not-isolated X Gully X > 3 Species 10-15 metres Continuous grass/herbs Average X Continuous Tree/Shrub Slope 15 metres Low Heath Good Are trees: Dieback: X Weeds Excellent Outcrops in area: Even aged None Bare dirt/rocks/litter Absent X Multi-aged X Some Habitat Quality: X Scattered Extensive Hollow dependent fauna: Rock dependent fauna: Common Understorey structure If shrubs present: Absent Absent Abundant Tall under storey shrub (>2m) Single species X Poor X Poor Surface rocks of 10-30cm diameter: Absent 2-3 species Average Average Absent Scattered X > 3 species Good Good X Scattered X Common Excellent Excellent Common Abundant Abundant Shrubs mostly: Surface rocks > 30cm diameter: Native X Absent X Exotic Scattered Other habitat quality aspects: Common Habitat - Fox dens, rabbit diggings, hare diggings, thickets, brick structure, fallen logs, tree hollows, stumps, rock outcroppings. Abundant wooden lattice, stormwater outlet x2, creek line, bridges (x3 working, broken, road), fencing, broken wooden lattice chair, culvert. Cliffs and overhangs: Sitings - finches, lizards, bees, insects, termites, wood borers, bird nests X Absent Heard - Whip Birds Scattered Common Abundant

Appendix H – Example Garden – Bush Tucker Garden Common Name Scientific Name Why Sea Celery Apium prostratum Like Celery/parsley New Zealand Spinach Tetragonia tetragonioides Like spinach Pig Face Carpobrotus glaucescens Fruit Goats-foot Ipomoea pes-caprae subsp. brasiliensis Cook young leaves/roots Convolvulus Coastal Saltbush Rhagodia candolleana Berries bitter, young leaves cooked Coast Beard Heath Leucopogon parviflorus Fruit kind of lemony Boobialla Myoporum sp. Fruit bitter/salty sweet Coast Wattle Acacia longifolia ssp. sophorae Steamed seeds like peas Native Grapes Cissus hypoglauca, C. antarctia Grapes Native Ginger Alpinia caerulea Fruit pulp gingery, underground steps cooked Native Elderberries Sambucus gaudichaudiana Fruit Lilly Pillies Acmena smithii Fruit Amulla Eremophila debilis Fruit salty sweet Flax Lillies Dianella sp. Leaves as basket, fruit (some irritating) Long-leaf Mat-rush Lomandra longifolia White base of leaves eaten Wombat Berry Eustrephus latifolius Fruit white pulp, roots (when swollen) Apple Berries Billardiera sp. Fruit taste like kiwi fruit Devil's Twine Cassytha filiformis, C. pubescens Fruit Pink-flowered Native Rubus parvifolius Fruit Raspberry Heaths Ericaceae Subfamily Styphelioideae Small fruits Five Corners Styphelia triflora, S. viridis Sweet tasty fruits Prickly Broom Heath Monotoca scoparia Sweet fruits Kangaroo Apples Solanum linearifolium Sticky sweet berries Geebungs Persoonia virgata Fruit like sweet cotton wool Sour Current Bush Leptomeria acida Sour fruit Native Cherry Exocarpus cupressiformis Fruit like cherry (seed outside though) Banksia Banksia sp.. Nectar from flowers Native Rosella Hibiscus heterophyllus Sour leaves like spinach, sour buds can make jam Acacia Gum Acacia sp. Pale Tree gum from stems, dark gum astringent Pigweed Portulaca oleracea Dry seeds ground and cooked, cooked roots, stems and leaves eaten raw or steamed Ruby saltbush Enchylaena tomentosa Salty sweet fruits Sandlewood Santalum lanceolatum Sweetish fruits Desert Quandong Santalum acuminatum Acidic Fruit (High vitamin C) Acacia Seeds Acacia sp. Pods cooked in fire, then green seeds eaten, seeds ground and made into a damper Kurrajong Brachychiton populneus Raw or roasted seeds

These links are to PlantNET and may not provide enough information concerning the eating or preparation of these plants. It is suggested as part of the garden, that signs be erected concerning the plant and the appropriate ways of preparation for eating of that plant. This information was extracted from the book "Wild Food Plants of Australia" by Tim Low (Low, 1991) and it or some other source should be referenced before any of the plants mentioned here are eaten as some are unpalatable or slightly poisonous uncooked. This list is not exhaustive as some species of Rainforest Wild Food Plants could survive dependent on protection and care of the gardens, these are only a suggestion and the above book or another like it could be used to extend the plant list. Appendix I – Example Garden – Fire Retardant Garden (Trees in Newcastle, 2015).

Appendix J – Weed Identification There were 57 weed species identified on the Webb Park site, the ones in Red are the more important ones followed by the ones in orange then blue. Common Name Scientific Name Lake Macquarie Declaration Agapanthus Agapanthus spp.* Yucca Yucca aloifolia.* Crofton Weed Angeratina adenophora* 4 114 Daisy Anthemis tinctoria * Norfolk Island Pine Araucaria heterophylla * 115 Cape Weed Arctotheca calendula * Asparagus Fern Asparagus aethiopicus* 4 39 Bridal asparagus Aspargus asparagoides * 4 Spear grass Austrostipa scabra. 51 Bearded oat Avena barbata * Cobbler's Peg Bidens pilosa* 183 Wild cabbage Brassica oleracea * 52 Shivery grass Briza maxima * 52 Shivery grass Briza minor * 236 Mother of millions Bryophyllum delagoense * 3 Capsicum Capsicum spp* 209 Chick weed Cerastium spp * 386 Green Cestrum Cestrum parqui * 3 Bitou Bush Chrysanthemoides monilifera* 4 303 Camphor laurel Cinnamomum camphora * 130 Fleabane Conyza bonariensis* Pampas Grass Cortaderia selloana* 3 175 Paterson's curse Echium plantagineum * 4 Panic Veldt Grass Ehrharta erecta* 60 African love grass Eragrostis curvula * Coral Tree Erythrina x sykesii* Pennywort Hydrocotyle bonariensis* 64 Coolatai grass Hyparrhenia hirta * Chinese tree - Norfolk Lagunaria patersonia * Island Hybiscus Lantana Lantana camara* 322 Long-leaf willow primrose Ludwigia longifolia * 4

111 Tree Broom-Heath Monotoca elliptica 312 Mulberry Morus spp * 106 Oleander Nerium oleander * Onion Weed Asphodelus fistulosus* 149 Scotch Thistle Onopordum acanthium* 70 Panic grasses Panicum sp * 71 Paspalum Paspalum dilatatum* 72 Kikuyu Pennisetum clandestinum* 337 Ribwort Plantago lanceolata * Castor Oil Plant Ricinus communis* Mother in-law tongue Sansevieria trifasciata * Fireweed Senecio madagascariensis* 4 252 Senna Senna pendula * 395 Wild Tobaco Solanum mauritianum * 395 Black-berry nightshade Solanum nigrum * 159 Canada goldenrod Solidago canadensis * Bindii Soliva sessilis* 144 Common Sowthistle Sonchus oleraceus* 301 Lambs Ear/Tongue Stachys byzantina * Buffalo Grass Stenotaphrum secundaium* 162 Dandelion Taraxacum officinale * 408 Cat's Eye Bindii Tribulus terrestris * 274 Clover Trifolium repens * 404 Purple top Verbena bonariensis * 383 Ivy-leafed speedwell Veronica hederifolia * Common Vetch Vicia sativa *

Coastal Morning Glory Ipomoea cairica Red - Considered to be Weeds of National Significance (WONS) Orange - Considered environmental weeds by DPI Blue - Links to PlantNET for weed identification Black - No listing on PlantNET so other source

Guide to Lake Macquarie Councils Declared Weeds 4 Locally Controlled Weed The growth of the plant must be managed in a manner that continuously inhibits the ability of the plant to spread

3 Regionally Controlled Weed The plant must be fully and continuously suppressed and destroyed and the plant must not be sold, propagated or knowingly distributed

NSW DPI has a NSW Weed Wise App which identifies 300 weeds and ways and means of removal/killing them it is available on Google Play at NSW DPI Weed Wise App and it is FREE. It also has links to other interesting web sites including on growing native instead of exotics called Grow Me Instead which has plants for each State and Territory in Australia with lists of common exotics and natives that could be grown instead of that exotic.

Appendix K – Weeding Methodology There are 3 main ways of killing weeds these are: 1. Bulk spraying of chemicals, 2. Spot chemical application, 3. Physical/Mechanical removal.

However before you contemplate weed removal you first have to be able to identify the weed as indiscriminate weeding can kill natives and depending on the native may open up the group to criminal charges. The figures in this appendix were extracted from Brochures produced by Sydney Weeds Committees (Sydney Weeds Committees, 2015) these were found at the following web sites: Sydney Central Committees, Sydney West Committees, Sydney North Committees, Sydney South-West Committees.

They are pictures and descriptions to detail some of the weed species found on the site for the WONS Weeds Type 3 Lake Macquarie weed declared Some type 4 Lake Macquarie weeds declared and are the weeds on site to be considered the primary targets of any weeding plan.

Chemical Application (Australian Government - Department of the Environment, 2012)

How herbicides work A herbicide is a chemical that affects plants. Although there are a large variety of herbicides available they function in a limited number of ways, known as modes of action. These modes of action determine how the herbicide controls weeds:

by speeding up, stopping or changing the plant's normal growth patterns by desiccating (drying out) the leaves or stems by defoliating the plant (making it drop its leaves).

The well-known herbicide glyphosate, for example, prevents the target plant making key amino acids.

As well as using different modes of action, herbicides can be classified according to how they are taken up by the plant. The main types are:

Contact - these kill plant tissue at or near the point of contact with the herbicide (they do not spread around the plant). Therefore, they require even coverage in their application. Systemic - these move through the plant tissues via the plant's circulation system, and can be injected into the plant. Residual - these can be applied to the soil in order to kill weeds by root/shoot uptake. They remain active in the ground for a certain length of time, and can control germinating seedlings.

Herbicides also have differing selectivity's, and can be categorised as either broad spectrum (working on a wide variety of plants) or selective (working on a specific range of plants).

For example some herbicides are effective on grasses, whereas others are more effective on woody weeds and will leave grasses intact to provide competition against re-establishment of the weeds.

How to apply herbicides There are several techniques that can be used to apply herbicides. Some of the most common are outlined below.

Foliar spraying Here, the herbicide is diluted with water or another diluents as specified on the product label, and sprayed over the foliage to point of runoff (until every leaf is wetted, but not dripping).

The method is most suited to shrubs, grasses and dense vines less than 6 m tall so that complete coverage is achieved. Advantages include speed and economy. Disadvantages include the potential for spray drift and off-target damage.

Foliar spraying can be done in a number of ways, depending on the size of the weed plant or the infestation. Blanket spraying, using a boom spray from a tractor or aircraft, can be used to treat areas completely infested with weeds, especially with selective herbicides.

For large infestations that need targeted applications of herbicide, a hose and handgun can be used to spray solution from a herbicide tank and pump carried by a tractor or vehicle. Smaller infestations can be sprayed using a backpack/knapsack spray unit. Spot spraying is used to treat individual weed plants or areas that only have small clumps of weed infestations.

Basal bark spraying This method involves mixing an oil soluble herbicide with a diluent recommended by the herbicide manufacturer and spraying the full circumference of the trunk or stem of the plant. Basal bark spraying is suitable for thin-barked woody weeds and undesirable trees.

Basal bark spraying is also an effective way to treat saplings, regrowth and multi-stemmed shrubs and trees. This method works by allowing the herbicide to enter underground storage organs and slowly kill the targeted weed.

The whole circumference of the stem or trunk should be sprayed or painted with herbicide solution from ground level to a height of 30 cm. It is important to saturate the full circumference of the trunk, and to treat every stem or trunk arising from the ground. Basal bark spraying is a very effective control method and is a good way to tackle inaccessible areas such as steep banks. This method will usually kill difficult-to-kill weeds at any time of the year, as long as the bark is not wet or too thick for the solution to penetrate. The work is often best performed by contractors.

Stem injection Stem injection involves drilling or cutting through the bark into the sapwood tissue in the trunks of woody weeds and trees. Herbicide is immediately placed into the hole or cut. The aim is to reach the sapwood layer just under the bark (the cambium growth layer), which will transport the chemical throughout the plant.

It is essential to apply the herbicide immediately (within 15 seconds of drilling the hole or cutting the trunk), as stem injection relies on the active uptake and growth of the plant to move the chemical through its tissue.

Stem injection methods kill the tree or shrub where it stands, and only trees and shrubs that can be safely left to die and rot should be treated this way. If the tree or shrub is to be felled, allow it to die completely before felling. The use of chainsaws, particularly in the felling of trees, is a dangerous activity that should only be undertaken by an appropriately trained person.

One method is the 'drill and fill method' also referred to as tree injection, and is used for trees and woody weeds with stems or trunks greater than 5 cm in circumference. A battery-powered drill is used to drill downward-angled holes into the sapwood about 5 cm apart. The placement of herbicide into the hole is usually made using a backpack reservoir and syringe that can deliver measured doses of herbicide solution.

Another method is the 'axe cut method' which involves cutting through the bark into the sapwood tissue in the trunk, and immediately placing herbicide into the cut. This method can be used for trees and woody weeds with stems or trunks greater than 5 cm in circumference. Using an axe or tomahawk, cuts are made into the sapwood around the circumference of the trunk at waist height. While still in the cut, the axe or tomahawk is leaned out to make a downward angled pocket which will allow herbicide to pool. The herbicide is then immediately injected into the pocket. Cuts should be made no further than 3 cm apart. This method of using an axe to make the cut is often referred to as frilling or chipping. A hammer and chisel can be used to make the pocket cuts, or a spear to make cuts in the trunk closer to ground. It is important not to entirely ringbark the trunk, as this will decrease the uptake of the herbicide into the plant.

Cut stump application Here, the plant is cut off completely at its base (no higher than 15 cm from the ground) using a chainsaw, axe, brush cutter or machete (depending on the thickness of the stem/trunk). A herbicide solution is then sprayed or painted onto the exposed surface of the cut stump emerging from the ground, with the objective of killing the stump and the root system.

It is imperative that the herbicide solutions are applied as soon as the trunk or stem is cut. Refer to the product label instructions for information on timing, as delayed application will give poor results.

Two operators working as a team can use this method effectively. The herbicide can be applied from a knapsack, or with a paint brush, drench gun or a hand-spray bottle. It is a good idea to use a brightly coloured dye in the solution to mark the stumps that have been treated.

For trees with large circumferences, it is only necessary to place the solution around the edge of the stump (as the objective is again to target the cambium layer inside the bark). The stump circumference should be bruised with the back of an axe and each successive blow treated with herbicide.

This method has the appeal of removing the weed immediately, and is used mainly for trees and woody weeds. This method is also referred to as cut and spray or cut and paint.

Cut and swab This method is similar to the cut stump method, but is suited to vines and multi-stemmed shrubs. Here, the plant stems are cut through completely, close to the ground. Herbicide is then applied immediately to the cut surface emerging from the ground, via spray or brush application.

In the case of Madeira Vine and some other vines with aerial tubers, both ends of the cut stems must be treated with herbicide. An effective way of doing this is to hold both 'bunches' of cut stems in a container of herbicide for 15 seconds after cutting, so that maximum translocation occurs to both ground and aerial tubers. Extra care should be taken when doing this to ensure spillages do not occur.

Stem scrape Stem scraping is used for plants and vines with aerial tubers. A sharp knife is used to scrape a very thin layer of bark from a 10 cm section of stem. Herbicide is then immediately applied to the exposed soft underlying green tissue.

This method is also called bark stripping or stem painting. Some woody weeds can have their bark surface peeled away and the exposed wood painted or sprayed with herbicide.

Physical Removal (Queensland Government - Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, 2011). Hand pulling aims to remove the entire weed including its roots from the soil. This method is useful for small-scale infestations, or with a team of workers. It is not appropriate for all weed species, such as those with underground bulbs. It is best to hand-pull weeds after rain, when soil is moist. Sturdy gloves should be worn to avoid prickles, blisters or sap burns to the skin. Hand tools such as broad knives and trowels can be used to remove underground parts of weeds (such as bulbs) that may reshoot. In some cases it is necessary to dig out the crown of the weed. This requires the growing part of the plant to be cut beneath the ground using a knife. It is easiest to remove the crown from moist soil.

Appendix L – Suggested Plants – Fresh Water Creek

Unable to complete. Would like to include a list of riparian vegetation to be considered to be planted as longside the expected natural regeneration from upstream sources of native vegetation. Suggested species would be those found low in Freshwater Creek in Awabakal Reserve.

Appendix M – Suggested Plants – Webb Park

Unable to complete. Would like to include a list of species so that the Coastal Heath monoculture that is present currently on side could be changed so as to represent the multi culture habitat that Webb Park Reserve should be taking into account the dune structure of the Redhead Beach area.

Appendix N - EMS Webb Park Management Plan on behalf of Redhead Sustainable Neighbourhood Group's Environmental Policy The Redhead Sustainable Neighbourhood Group provides direction for the Redhead neighbourhood to Lake Macquarie Council on what is being done in the Redhead neighbourhood. It is made up of local people willing to put their time up to gauge what the community want and try and get Lake Macquarie council to provide those services or amenities. The Redhead Sustainable Neighbourhood Group try and ensure that the Redhead Neighbourhood's core community values of: . Existing community groups and their ongoing contribution to neighbourhood wellbeing, . Peaceful village atmosphere, . Beach culture and healthy outdoor lifestyle, . Magnificent natural environment setting and our rich cultural heritage, . Convenient, diverse range of local services and our enterprising community people, . Neighbourhood and community potential to keep Redhead a special place and . Our ability to make local decision so we can be there for each other (Redhead Sustainable Neighbourhood, 2015). and their Key concerns of weeds and feral animals, dune degradation, waterway pollution, irresponsible pet ownership and illegal dumping are considered in any idea that is put forward (Redhead Sustainable Neighbourhood, 2015) Sustainable homes and sustainable living are also important to Redhead’s residents.

We at the Redhead Sustainable Neighbourhood aim at achieving continual environmental improvement through implementing a management system with objectives and targets

to minimise our environmental footprint by working with Redhead Neighbourhood and other stakeholders through pollution prevention practices in compliance with legal and other requirements & be a role model for others Neighbourhoods to follow.

Redhead Sustainable Neighbourhood Group January 2016 Register of Environmental Aspects No. Environmental aspect Associated Likelihood Consequence Risk rating Other criteria Significant environmental impact On Implementation of A: Almost certain/daily 1: Catastrophic Extreme Legal requirement Yes Recommendations B: Likely/weekly 2: Major High Other requirement No C: Possible/monthly 3: Moderate Medium D: Unlikely/annually 4: Minor Low E: Rare 5: Insignificant 1 Use and storage of Spill if not used properly D 4 Low N/A No chemicals for weeding 2 Generation of green waste Use of green waste D 5 Low N/A No from weeding 3 General waste when Increase Landfill C 3 Medium N/A No monthly markets on 4 Increased use of toilets Increase water usage C 3 Medium N/A No

5 Increased cleaning of Increased cleaning C 4 Low N/A No toilets agents into sewage system. 6 Increased use of Barbeque Increased energy (gas C 3 Medium N/A No facilities or electricity) usage 7 Increased number of Use of resources for D 3 Low N/A No barbeque facilities barbeque facilities 8 Shade structures Use of resources for D 3 Low N/A No shade structures 9 Sports areas - increased Increased landfill from C 4 Low N/A No use of grounds sports drinks 9 Sports area - increased use Increase C 4 Low N/A No of toilets water/chemical usage 10 Exercise area Use of resources to D 4 Low N/A No build and maintain 11 Exercise area - increased Increased landfill from C 4 Low N/A No use of grounds sports drinks 12 Exercise area - increased Increase C 4 Low N/A No use of toilets water/chemical usage No. Environmental aspect Associated Likelihood Consequence Risk rating Other criteria Significant environmental impact 13 Outdoor Classroom fit-out Use of resources for D 4 Low N/A No furniture & fitting manufacture & landfill for discarded furniture 14 Outdoor classroom - Increased general D 4 Low N/A No increased use of grounds waste 15 Outdoor classroom - Increased D 4 Low N/A No increased use of toilets water/chemical usage. 16 Dune survey - increased Increased general D 5 Low N/A No use of grounds waste and water/chemicals for toilet. 17 More Boardwalks and Increase use of D 3 Medium N/A No viewing platforms resources to construct 18 Boardwalks/viewing Increased general C 4 Low N/A No platforms - increase usage waste and of grounds water/chemicals for toilet. 19 Demountable Green Cafe Resources to move to D 3 Medium N/A No site 20 Green Cafe - Permanent Resources to construct B 2 High N/A Yes

21 Green Cafe - increased use Increased general B 3 Medium N/A No of grounds waste and water/chemicals for toilet. 22 Increase presence of Reduction in dog poo D 4 Low N/A No Inspectors on site - increase of general waste 23 Murals on buildings Resources to create D 4 Low N/A No new and clean old murals No. Environmental aspect Associated Likelihood Consequence Risk rating Other criteria Significant environmental impact 24 Example gardens Create more green D 4 Low N/A No waste 25 Example gardens - Increased general D 4 Low N/A No increased grounds use waste and water/chemicals for toilet. 26 Parking on Steel St Resources to asphalt C 3 Medium N/A No

27 Parking on Steel St - Stormwater issues for D 3 Medium N/A No stormwater trees around new parking 28 Parking on Steel St Increased general D 4 Low N/A No increased grounds use waste and water/chemicals for toilet. 29 Recycling bins Resources to place D 3 Medium N/A No

30 Recycling bins Decrease in general D 5 Low N/A No waste, increase of recycled waste 31 Constructed Wetlands Resources to build B 3 High N/A No

32 Constructed wetlands - Sediment removal - D 4 Low N/A No operational landfill 33 Upgrading play equipment Resources to upgrade B 3 Medium N/A No

34 Play equipment - increased Increased general D 4 Low N/A No grounds use waste and water/chemicals for toilet. 35 Bridge Crossing Resources to design B 2 High N/A No and build 36 New Toilet Block Resources to build, B 2 High N/A No building and general No. Environmental aspect Associated Likelihood Consequence Risk rating Other criteria Significant environmental impact waste from old block

37 Sustainability festival Increased general D 4 Low N/A No increased grounds usage waste and water/chemicals for toilet. 38 Outdoor classroom extra Increased general D 4 Low N/A No usage. waste and water/chemicals for toilet. Register of Legal and Other Requirements Aspect Environmental aspect Legal or other requirement Source Evidence required for Evaluation of No. description compliance compliance (yes/no) 1 Generation of waste Webb Council unlikely to monitor. Park 2 Water Usage Council unlikely to monitor. Legal and Other Requirements The following is a list of some Commonwealth and State legislation, policies and guidelines that may apply to any of the recommendations outlined in this Management Plan.

Commonwealth legislation Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 The EPBC Act is the central environmental legislation for the Commonwealth Government. It provides a legal framework to protect and manage nationally and internationally important flora, fauna, ecological communities and heritage places defined in the Act as matters of national environmental significance.

The Act requires the principles of ecologically sustainable development to be taken into account for a new development proposal if that proposal is likely to a result in a significant impact on the environment.

Section 516A requires Commonwealth Government agencies to include a report on environmental matters in their annual reports. These reports must: Say how the agency’s activities have accorded with the principles of Ecologically Sustainable Development; Identify how agency outcomes contributed to Ecologically Sustainable Development; Document the agency’s impacts on the environment and measures taken to minimise those impacts; Identify the review mechanisms in place to review and increase the effectiveness of the measures the agency takes to minimise its environmental impact.

The Act clarifies that for s. 516A, activities include the development and implementation of policies, plans, programs and legislation.

The Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts has developed reporting guidelines to assist Commonwealth agencies in implementing section 516A.

Natural Heritage Trust of Australia Act 1997 This Act establishes the Natural Heritage Trust of Australia Reserve. The main source of money for the Reserve is $1.35 billion from the partial sale of Telstra. This Act also establishes the Natural Heritage Trust Advisory Committee.

The main objective of the establishment of the Reserve is to conserve, repair and replenish Australia’s natural capital infrastructure. Money in the Reserve will be spent on the environment, sustainable agriculture and natural resources management.

This Act has been developed to redress the current decline, and to prevent further decline, in the quality of Australia’s natural environment.

National policies Intergovernmental Agreement on the Environment (IGAE) 1992 The IGAE was developed between the Commonwealth, States and Territories, and attempts to define environmental policy and management responsibilities of each level of government. In some areas, particularly pollution control and waste management, the IGAE sets up procedures which aim to produce common environmental standards and guidelines throughout Australia.

National Strategy for Ecologically Sustainable Development The National Strategy for Ecologically Sustainable Development (NSESD) provides broad strategic directions and framework for governments to direct policy and decision-making. The Strategy facilitates a coordinated and co-operative approach to ecologically sustainable development (ESD) and encourages long-term benefits for Australia over short-term gains.

The NSESD addresses many key areas for action identified in Agenda 21. These include issues across a number of sectors such as manufacturing, agriculture and mining; and also cover broader inter-sectoral issues such as gender, native vegetation, pricing and taxation, coastal zone management, education and training. To ensure the goals and values of all Australians were included, the Strategy was developed in consultation with the community, industries, interested groups, scientific organisations, governments and individuals. Although it primarily guides the decisions of governments, the strategy is also useful for community, industry and business groups.

The NSESD was adopted by all levels of Australian government in 1992. Since 1992, the pursuit of ecologically sustainable development has been increasingly incorporated into the policies and programs of Australian governments as a significant policy objective (for example, the Australian Government's Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999).

National Strategy for the Conservation of Australia’s Biological Diversity The goal for the National Strategy for the Conservation of Australia’s Biological Diversity is to protect biological diversity and maintain ecological processes and systems. The strategy seeks to provide a systematic approach to this complex problem, drawing upon and improving existing strategies, such as the National Strategy for Ecologically Sustainable Development, with regard to their protection of Australia’s biodiversity.

New South Wales legislation Coastal Protection Act 1979 Environmentally Hazardous Chemicals Act 1985 and Regulation 2008 Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 Heritage Act 1977 Native Vegetation Act 2003 Pesticides Act 1999 Protection of the Environment Administration Act 1991 Protection of the Environment Operations Act 1997 Protection of the Environment Operations (General) Regulation 1998 Soil Conservation Act 1938 Threatened Species Act 1995 Traffic Act 1909 Waste Avoidance and Resource Recovery Act 2001 Wilderness Act 1987 Register of Environmental Objectives and Targets Aspect Aspect description Objective Target & date Action plan, improvement program or Key Performance Indicator (KPI) no. control 1 Increase Biodiversity of Increase biodiversity of the A decrease in each Weeding plan carried out by Redhead Weed/Native ratio the site. site by reduction of weeds on zones weed species Landcare or Redhead Sustainable site, increase of native compared to natives. Neighbourhood committee. vegetation by planting stock and natural regeneration, increase native fauna by providing more native food sources 2 Increase in park usage An increase in park usage with Increase usage of the As monies become available through Park usage numbers. minimal impact on the park by a slow and cash generating recommendations or environment would lead to a careful increase of local charity contributions increase of more efficient use of natural amenities with a amenities that will most efficiently allow resources. positive or minimum park users a better usage of the park negative with minimal impact on the environment environmental of the park and surrounding bush. impact Responsibility Matrix, Training Needs Analysis and Training Plan

Role / Position Name Responsibilities Qualifications/ Training needs Planned Training Remarks Title/Position no. competency dates details Redhead Numerous Ensure Redhead Landcare has Chemical Sustainable members with chemical Awareness awareness Neighbourhood doing the chemical weeding part of Group Committee the weeding recommendation or supervising. Standard Operating Procedure

WEEDING - Cut and Paint Objective This procedure is to ensure that weeding of the site is carried out in a efficient environmentally friendly manner with appropriate use of chemicals where required.

Responsibilities and authorities The Supervisor of any weeding (with chemicals) is responsible for ensuring the following: all staff and contractors, including passersby, are aware of this procedure, appropriate signage is available when chemicals are being applied, MSDS's and Chemical Labels are available for workers and passersby to read before any chemicals are used, appropriate PPE is available for all employers using chemicals, all staff who are carrying out the work have been shown the correct weeding methods with use of chemicals chemicals are correctly labelled and stored in a manner which conforms with the legislation concerning the use and storage of that Chemical (likely to be Glyphosate) staff carry out the chemical weeding application in a safe and environmentally friendly manner.

Procedure Cut and Paint 1. Equipment required (Glyphosate in chemical application bottle with colouring agent to ensure being able to know what has been poisoned, sharp well maintained secateurs, tool belt able to hold equipment and chemical application bottle). 2. Identify the weed (ensure Native vegetation is not what you are poisoning) ensuring that the stem is suited to the secateurs you have. 3. Clear area around stem, trying to ensure that you will be cutting the weed near the base of the stem (close to ground). 4. Cut stem in such a manner that it WILL NOT create a spear like end and quickly apply chemical to the stem end (bit in ground) within approximately 5-10 seconds of cutting. 5. Put lid of chemical applicator back on bottle to ensure no spillage, put in tool belt and pick up secateurs and move to new weed and repeat steps 1-5.

Training and competency requirements This procedure shall be included in inductions for new staff, and new contractors who are expected to work for Redhead Landcare for more than two days.

Associated documents Procedure Frill and Drill

WEEDING - Drill and Frill Objective This procedure is to ensure that weeding of the site is carried out in a efficient environmentally friendly manner with appropriate use of chemicals where required.

Procedure Cut and Paint 1. Equipment required (Glyphosate in chemical application bottle with colouring agent to ensure being able to know what has been poisoned, sharp well maintained tomahawk or electric drill, tool belt able to hold equipment and chemical application bottle). 2. Identify the weed (ensure Native vegetation is not what you are poisoning) ensuring that the stem is suited to the tomahawk you have. 3. Clear area around stem, trying to ensure that you will be cutting the weed near the base of the stem (close to ground). 4. Make horizontal cuts with tomahawk at an angle of 45o into the sapwood (the growing part of the tree) approximately 5cm apart or drill a number of holes (approximately 3cm depending on tree) at a slight downward angle into tree ensuring penetrating sapwood. Immediately apply chemicals to the cut. 5. Put lid of chemical applicator back on bottle to ensure no spillage, put in tool belt and pick up tomahawk or drill and move to new weed and repeat steps 1-5.

Used on trees and shrubs likely to re-sprout (eg Camphor laurel).

Training and competency requirements This procedure shall be included in inductions for new staff, and new contractors who are expected to work for Redhead Landcare for more than two days.

Associated documents Procedure Cut and Paint

Part A: Policy, manual, procedures, plans and external documents Document Brief description of document reference EMS Manual Description of the scope of the environmental management system, and the documented procedures that underlie the system Environmental Statement of the organisation’s commitments to its environmental management Policy system. Emergency Procedures for responding to a comprehensive range of emergency situations Response Plan that may affect the organisation Detailed work instructions or operational procedures relevant to the EMS Documents associated with environmental action plans e.g. energy savings plan Legislation & regulations relevant to the EMS Government policies relevant to the EMS

AS/NZS ISO Requirements for environmental management systems 14001:2004 Other external documents

Part B: Registers, forms and templates Form or template Brief description of form or template reference Register of Register of environmental aspects with their risk score Environmental Aspects Register of Register of environmental objectives, targets and action plans for significant Environmental environmental aspects Objectives & Targets Register of Legal and Register showing how legal and other requirements apply to environmental Other Requirements aspects, with provision for evaluation of compliance Responsibility Identifies responsibilities and authorities of positions, roles and individuals for Matrix managing environmental aspects and the environmental management system, and of individuals performing tasks that have a potential to cause a significant environmental impact; also records competencies and identifies training needs, and plans the delivery of training. Assessment of Questionnaire to assess awareness and competency about environmental General management system. Environmental Management System Awareness Generic Internal Generic checklist for internal audit of environmental management system to Audit Checklist requirements of AS/NZS ISO 14001:2004 Internal Audit Template for internal audit reports of environmental management system Report Template Generic Internal Generic schedule for internal audit of environmental management system for a Audit Schedule single site agency Register of Register of actual and potential environmental nonconformity and suggestions Environmental for improvement to the environmental management system managed with Nonconformity and corrective and preventive action Suggestions for Improvement Corrective and Form for managing nonconformity and suggestions for improvement with Preventive Action corrective and preventive action Form Schedule Monitoring Annual table for monthly monitoring and measurement of key characteristics of & Measurement the environmental management system Management Template for a briefing in preparation for a management review of the Review Template environmental management system Register of This form. Documents and Records

Part C: Records Record reference Brief description of record Storage location Retention time Register of Annual register of environmental Environmental aspects with their risk analysis and Aspects determination of significance Register of Annual register of environmental Environmental objectives, targets and action plans for Objectives & significant environmental aspects Targets Register of Legal Ongoing register showing how legal and and Other other requirements apply to Requirements environmental aspects, with provision for evaluation of compliance Responsibility Identifies responsibilities and authorities Matrix of positions, roles and individuals for managing environmental aspects and the environmental management system, and of individuals performing tasks that have a potential to cause a significant environmental impact; also records competencies and identifies training needs, and plans the delivery of training. Assessment of Questionnaire to assess awareness and General competency about environmental Environmental management system Management System Awareness Internal Audits Schedules, completed checklists, and reports for internal audit of environmental management system Register of Register of corrective and preventive Environmental actions taken on actual and potential Nonconformity & nonconformities and suggestions for Suggestions for improvement Improvement Corrective & Completed forms to record corrective Preventive Action and preventive action Records Monitoring & Annual tables for monthly monitoring Measurement and measurement of key characteristics Records of the environmental management system Management Records of management review Review Documents and Registers of documents, forms and Records templates, and records

Appendix O - Legislative Review

Commonwealth Legislation.

Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 Recommendation Act Sections Questions to Answer Answer to questions (N/A means Is a consent/ Who Gets number reviewed Not Applicable to this project). permit or license Permit/consent required (yes/no) /license. All EPBC Act 3 Objects of (1) The objects of this Act are: There are no matters of National 1999 Act (a) to provide for the protection of the environmental significance to environment, especially those aspects of the these recommendations, however environment that are matters of national it is believed that there will be a environmental significance; and net positive gain to the environment due to the recommendation being carried out. (b) to promote ecologically sustainable The recommendations will development through the conservation and hopefully allow a greater use of ecologically sustainable use of natural Webb Park by the wider resources; and community with minimal impact on the environment in an ecologically sustainable manner. (c) to promote the conservation of The weeding programs in biodiversity; and conjuncture with the native gardens and natural regeneration of the bush plus some native planting to help reduce the monoculture of the area will dramatically increase the biodiversity of the area. (ca) to provide for the protection and By involving the Aboriginal conservation of heritage; and community in the construction of the native garden beds with bush tucker garden it is hoped that the wider community gets and increased understanding of how the aboriginal people viewed the land and flora and fauna in it. (d) to promote a co-operative approach to By doing the community survey, the protection and management of the the neighbourhood was involved in environment involving governments, the this plan and the recommendations community, land-holders and indigenous coming out of this plan. The peoples; and community will likely have to fund most of these recommendation and as such will have an input in which are implemented first and which if any are implemented at all. (e) to assist in the co-operative N/A implementation of Australia’s international environmental responsibilities; and (f) to recognise the role of indigenous The Bush tucker garden will people in the conservation and ecologically showcase what Aboriginals thought sustainable use of Australia’s biodiversity; of the land and the bounty and available to them with minimal environmental impact, weeding and planting natives to reduce the monoculture of the site will increase the biodiversity of the site. (g) to promote the use of indigenous It is hoped that the Bush tucker peoples’ knowledge of biodiversity with the garden with accompanying signs involvement of, and in co-operation with, will promote the use of these the owners of the knowledge. native plants into an otherwise exotic garden neighbourhood. (2) In order to achieve its objects, the Act: N/A (a) recognises an appropriate role for the Commonwealth in relation to the environment by focussing Commonwealth involvement on matters of national environmental significance and on Commonwealth actions and Commonwealth areas; and (b) strengthens intergovernmental co-operation, and minimises duplication, through bilateral agreements; and

(c) provides for the intergovernmental N/A accreditation of environmental assessment and approval processes; and (d) adopts an efficient and timely N/A Commonwealth environmental assessment and approval process that will ensure activities that are likely to have significant impacts on the environment are properly assessed; and (e) enhances Australia’s capacity to ensure By increasing the native plants on the conservation of its biodiversity by site it is hoped that the native including provisions to: fauna which use the site are (i) protect native species (and in particular provided with a more secure and prevent the extinction, and promote the constant supply of food. The Glossy recovery, of threatened species) and ensure Black Cockatoo uses the site as a the conservation of migratory species; and food source and this species is (ii) establish an Australian Whale Sanctuary listed as Vulnerable increasing the to ensure the conservation of whales and available food for this species will other cetaceans; and ensure that the family unit using (iii) protect ecosystems by means that this site will increase in numbers include the establishment and management and may split into a second family of reserves, the recognition and protection unit if other surrounding area of ecological communities and the followed the Redhead Sustainable promotion of off-reserve conservation Neighbourhood Groups ideas measures; and concerning the environment and (iv) identify processes that threaten all the green spaces around and in levels of biodiversity and implement plans their suburb. to address these processes; and The Detailed Flora and Fauna survey will hopefully highlight which of the Endangered and Threatened species listed in the Protected Matters Search actually use the site, this would then enable a targeted approach to Endangered and Threatened species on site in a more efficient and economically sound manner. (f) includes provisions to enhance the N/A protection, conservation and presentation of world heritage properties and the conservation and wise use of Ramsar wetlands of international importance; and (fa) includes provisions to identify places for N/A inclusion in the National Heritage List and Commonwealth Heritage List and to enhance the protection, conservation and presentation of those places; and (g) promotes a partnership approach to The native gardens and weeding environmental protection and biodiversity program with accompanying conservation through: regeneration and native planting (i) bilateral agreements with States and will hopefully flow onto the Territories; and Redhead community embracing a (ii) conservation agreements with more environmentally friendly land-holders; and mindset and encourage them to (iii) recognising and promoting indigenous remove their wasteful exotic peoples’ role in, and knowledge of, the gardens to be replaced with a more conservation and ecologically sustainable Aboriginal concept of nature. use of biodiversity; and (iv) the involvement of the community in management planning. State Legislation (Acts)

Environmental Planning and Assessment Act, 1979 Recommendation Act Sections Questions to Answer Answer to questions (N/A means Is a consent/ Who Gets number reviewed Not Applicable to this project). permit or license Permit/consent required (yes/no) /license. All Environmen 5 Objects (a) to encourage: All of these recommendations will tal Planning (i) the proper management, development allow more of the Redhead and and conservation of natural and artificial community to receive a benefit Assessment resources, including agricultural land, from the use of this park. The Act, 1979 natural areas, forests, minerals, water, exercise and sports cities, towns and villages for the purpose recommendations will give places of promoting the social and economic for people to increase their fitness welfare of the community and a better and wellbeing, the native gardens environment, will promote a better environmental house gardens, the increased facilities available at the park will promote a joining of the neighbourhood by peoples who had not joined the social matrix of Redhead before. The weeding recommendation will hopefully see a large increase in the biodiversity of the site which could allow the disabled another site to view natives in their natural environment (somewhat like Blackbutt Reserve). The Outdoor Education area will allow local schools to promote environmental ideas and concepts to the next generation and promote an understanding between non-aboriginal and aboriginal inhabitants so we come to an understanding of where we stand and hopefully come together in the middle. (ii) the promotion and co-ordination of the These increased facilities will allow orderly and economic use and more of the Redhead community development of land, to derive a benefit from this park. (iii) the protection, provision and co- N/A ordination of communication and utility services, (iv) the provision of land for public purposes, Webb Park is a public reserve and any facilities to increase its usage with a net positive or minimal environmental impact is a positive gain. (v) the provision and co-ordination of By increasing the facilities available community services and facilities, and on site could mean that other virgin green areas are not developed to supply community green spots to relax and unwind. (vi) the protection of the environment, By making the Detailed Flora and including the protection and Fauna recommendation it is hoped conservation of native animals and that a detailed assessment of plants, including threatened species, which of the named Endangered populations and ecological communities, and Threatened species listed in and their habitats, and the Protected Matters Search carried out as part of the Desktop review actually use the site this would allow the targeted protection of these species instead of just throwing resources at the whole bunch irrespective of if that animal uses the site. The weeding with accompanying native regeneration and native planting and native gardens will increase the biodiversity of the site and be a form of protection of the environment to outweigh any environmental impact due to increasing the facilities available for use on the park by the Redhead community and surrounding suburbs.

(vii) ecologically sustainable development, As most of these recommendation and will likely be self funded, the Redhead community are going to have ensure funds are spent wisely as they are the ones that are going to have generate them. (viii) the provision and maintenance of N/A affordable housing, and

(b) to promote the sharing of the As this is a Local Government responsibility for environmental planning responsible park and the State between the different levels of Government likely will have no part government in the State, and of its improving or maintenance this objective is somewhat irrelevant. (c) to provide increased opportunity for The Native gardens are hoped to public involvement and participation in increase public awareness on environmental planning and assessment. Native Vegetations food benefits, and as a consequence increase native plants into the greater neighbourhood however as changing your garden (unless they want to remove a large exotic tree) doesn't require any permits this plans impact on this objective is somewhat limited. Recommendation Act Sections Questions to Answer Answer to questions (N/A means Is a consent/ Who Gets number reviewed Not Applicable to this project). permit or license Permit/consent required (yes/no) /license. All Environmen Part 4 -79C if (i) any environmental planning instrument, SEPP 71, SEPP 19.LEP Further detail - tal Planning private land and review and (ii) any proposed instrument that is or has N/A Assessment been the subject of public consultation Act, 1979. under this Act and that has been notified to the consent authority (unless the Director- General has notified the consent authority that the making of the proposed instrument has been deferred indefinitely or has not been approved), and (iii) any development control plan, and N/A (iiia) any planning agreement that has been N/A no entered into under section 93F, or any draft Koala Plan of Management, planning agreement that a developer has Vegetation management plans offered to enter into under section 93F, and (iv) the regulations (to the extent that they Looked at Schedule 2 prescribe matters for the purposes of this paragraph), and (v) any coastal zone management plan The viewing platforms and new (within the meaning of the Coastal boardwalks recommendation could Protection Act 1979), have an impact on the coast (a) that apply to the land to which the depending on where they are sited. development application relates, The dune survey recommendation (b) the likely impacts of that development, should also include a assessment including environmental impacts on both on where the platforms should be the natural and built environments, and sited so as to either remove its social and economic impacts in the locality, coastal impact and thus remove (c) the suitability of the site for the the onus on complying with this development, piece of legislation (Coastal (d) any submissions made in accordance Protection Act 1979) or to minimise with this Act or the regulations, the impact of the recommendation (e) the public interest. and outline the protections required to implement the Viewing Platform recommendation taking into account the Coastal Protection Act 1979. 110A Nomination of nominated The Redhead sustainable group determining authority would need to submit the plan of (1) Where the approval of more than one management for Webb park to determining authority is required in council for approval to get the relation to an activity or an activity of a approval before undertaking any specified class or description (either in works. respect of the carrying out of the activity or the granting of an approval in respect of the activity), the Minister may, by order published in the Gazette and in a newspaper circulating throughout the State, nominate a determining authority to be the nominated determining authority in relation to the activity or an activity of that class or description for the purposes of this Part. (2) Where, under subsection (1), the Minister has nominated a determining authority to be the nominated determining authority in relation to an activity or an activity of a specified class or description, any other determining authority which would otherwise be required to comply with the provisions of this Part in relation to the activity or an activity of that class or description is not required: (a) to comply with section 112 (2) or (3), or (b) to comply with section 113, in relation to the activity or any activity which comes within that class or description but shall, in all other respects, comply with the relevant provisions of this Part. (3) A determining authority (other than the nominated determining authority) is required to forward to the nominated determining authority a copy of any submissions made to it under section 113 (2) and to provide other information to the nominated determining authority, as required by the regulations, to enable the nominated determining authority to co- ordinate the preparation and furnishing of reports in relation to the activity or activity of the specified class or description. Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 Recommendation Act Sections Questions to Answer Answer to questions (N/A means Is a consent/ Who Gets number reviewed Not Applicable to this project). permit or license Permit/consent required (yes/no) /license. All Threatened 3 Objects of The objects of this Act are as follows: The weeding and accompanying Species Act (a) to conserve biological diversity and native planting with the natural Conservatio promote ecologically sustainable regeneration will increase the n Act 1995 development, and biodiversity of the site, and the other recommendation are sited so as to use parts of the site that are already cleared to grass (limited biodiversity) it is hoped by doing it this way the biodiversity of the site as a whole will drastically increase while increasing the available facilities on site to open the park to wider use by the Redhead community and surrounding suburbs, so that existing virgin green area don't need to be cleared to provide the amenities and services a community wants. (b) to prevent the extinction and promote By making the Detailed Flora and the recovery of threatened species, Fauna recommendation it is hoped populations and ecological communities, that a detailed assessment of and which of the named Endangered and Threatened species listed in the Protected Matters Search carried out as part of the Desktop review actually use the site this would allow the targeted protection of these species instead of just throwing resources at the whole bunch irrespective of if that animal uses the site. (c) to protect the critical habitat of those By making the Detailed Flora and threatened species, populations and Fauna recommendation it is hoped ecological communities that are that a detailed assessment of endangered, and which of the named Endangered and Threatened species listed in the Protected Matters Search carried out as part of the Desktop review actually use the site this would allow the targeted protection of these species instead of just throwing resources at the whole bunch irrespective of if that animal uses the site. (d) to eliminate or manage certain By making the Detailed Flora and processes that threaten the survival or Fauna recommendation it is hoped evolutionary development of threatened that a detailed assessment of species, populations and ecological which of the named Endangered communities, and and Threatened species listed in the Protected Matters Search carried out as part of the Desktop review actually use the site this would allow the targeted protection of these species instead of just throwing resources at the whole bunch irrespective of if that animal uses the site. (e) to ensure that the impact of any action By making the Detailed Flora and affecting threatened species, populations Fauna recommendation it is hoped and ecological communities is properly that a detailed assessment of assessed, and which of the named Endangered and Threatened species listed in the Protected Matters Search carried out as part of the Desktop review actually use the site this would allow the targeted protection of these species instead of just throwing resources at the whole bunch irrespective of if that animal uses the site. (f) to encourage the conservation of By making the Detailed Flora and threatened species, populations and Fauna recommendation it is hoped ecological communities by the adoption of that a detailed assessment of measures involving co-operative which of the named Endangered management. and Threatened species listed in the Protected Matters Search carried out as part of the Desktop review actually use the site this would allow the targeted protection of these species instead of just throwing resources at the whole bunch irrespective of if that animal uses the site. An understanding of which of the 91 Licence to harm or pick threatened currently listed Endangered and species, populations or ecological Threatened Species contained in communities or damage habitat the Protected Matters Search List (1) The Director-General may grant a for the Webb Park (and 4km licence authorising a person to take action buffer) actually use the site before likely to result in one or more of the any licence to Harm or Pick would following: be required. This is hoped to be (a) harm to any animal that is of, or is part accomplished by adoption of the of, a threatened species, population or Detailed Flora and Fauna ecological community, recommendation early into the life (b) the picking of any plant that is of, or is of the Management Plan. part of, a threatened species, population or ecological community, (c) damage to critical habitat, (d) damage to habitat of a threatened species, population or ecological community. (2) A general licence may be issued under section 120 of the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974 to authorise an action referred to in subsection (1) only: (a) for the welfare of an animal, or (b) if there is a threat to life or property. (3) Subsection (2) does not limit the purposes for which a licence may be issued under this section. Note. For example, a licence may be issued under this section to authorise an Aboriginal person or persons to harm animals or pick plants for cultural purposes.

N/A Part 7A Biodiversity banking Introductory note. This Part provides for the establishment of a biodiversity banking and offsets scheme (referred to as the biobanking scheme). The biobanking scheme has the following key elements: (a) the establishment of biobank sites on land by means of biobanking agreements entered into between the Minister and the owners of the lands concerned, (b) the creation of biodiversity credits in respect of management actions carried out or proposed to be carried out on or in respect of biobank sites that improve biodiversity values, (c) a system that enables those biodiversity credits, once created and registered, to be traded (including by being purchased by developers) and used as an offset against the impact of proposed development on biodiversity values, (d) the establishment of a biobanking assessment methodology, by order of the Minister published in the Gazette, for the purpose of determining both the number of biodiversity credits that may be created in respect of management actions or proposed management actions and the number of biodiversity credits that must be retired in connection with a development in order to ensure that it improves or maintains biodiversity values. This Part provides for a procedure under which a person may apply to the Director- General for a biobanking statement in respect of a development proposal. If a biobanking statement is issued, it will not be necessary for the development to be assessed in accordance with the threatened species protection measures provided for by Parts 4 and 5 of the Planning Act. However, the developer may be required to purchase and retire sufficient biodiversity credits to ensure that the impact of the development on biodiversity values is offset and to take other onsite measures to minimise any negative impact on biodiversity values. Biobanking statements may also be issued in respect of projects proposed to be approved under Part 3A or Part 5.1 of the Planning Act. Native Vegetation Act 2003 Recommendation Act Sections Questions to Answer Answer to questions (N/A means Is a consent/ Who Gets number reviewed Not Applicable to this project). permit or license Permit/consent required (yes/no) /license. Native 3 Objects of The objects of this Act are: The Native Gardens are a way of Vegetation Act (a) to provide for, encourage and promote promoting the benefits of native Act 2003 the management of native vegetation on a vegetation in gardens to the regional basis in the social, economic and greater neighbourhood and it is environmental interests of the State, and hoped that some people plant them in their gardens which would attract native fauna to use them as a food source. (b) to prevent broadscale clearing unless it N/A improves or maintains environmental outcomes, and (c) to protect native vegetation of high While the vegetation of Webb Park conservation value having regard to its cannot be claimed to be of high contribution to such matters as water conservation value it is still part of quality, biodiversity, or the prevention of the Coastal Green Corridor and is salinity or land degradation, and thus part of the vital environment. (d) to improve the condition of existing The weeding programs in native vegetation, particularly where it has conjuncture with the native high conservation value, and gardens and natural regeneration of the bush plus some native planting to help reduce the monoculture of the area will dramatically increase the biodiversity of the area. (e) to encourage the revegetation of land, The weeding programs in and the rehabilitation of land, with conjuncture with the native appropriate native vegetation, gardens and natural regeneration in accordance with the principles of of the bush plus some native ecologically sustainable development. planting to help reduce the monoculture of the area will dramatically increase the biodiversity of the area. Fisheries Management Act, 1994 Recommendation Act Sections Questions to Answer Answer to questions (N/A means Is a consent/ Who Gets number reviewed Not Applicable to this project). permit or license Permit/consent required (yes/no) /license. All Fisheries (1) The objects of this Act are to conserve, By weeding Freshwater creek and 3 Objects of Manageme develop and share the fishery resources of allowing regeneration of and Act nt Act, 1994 the State for the benefit of present and planting of natives along the bank, with education of the Redhead future generations. neighbourhood concerning exotic gardens, nutrients and stormwater this could lead to an improvement of the water quality of Freshwater creek which could lead to increase fish resources. (2) In particular, the objects of this Act By weeding Freshwater creek and include: allowing regeneration of and (a) to conserve fish stocks and key fish planting of natives along the bank, habitats, and with education of the Redhead neighbourhood concerning exotic gardens, nutrients and stormwater this could lead to an improvement of the water quality of Freshwater creek which could lead to increase fish resources. (b) to conserve threatened species, By making the Detailed Flora and populations and ecological communities of Fauna recommendation it is hoped fish and marine vegetation, and that a detailed assessment of which of the named Endangered and Threatened species listed in the Protected Matters Search carried out as part of the Desktop review actually use the site this would allow the targeted protection of these species instead of just throwing resources at the whole bunch irrespective of if that animal uses the site. (c) to promote ecologically sustainable The only impact on water development, including the conservation of recommendations are biological diversity, recommendations to improve the water quality thus leading to an increase in water life this plan follows this objective. and, consistently with those objects: N/A (d) to promote viable commercial fishing and aquaculture industries, and (e) to promote quality recreational fishing N/A opportunities, and

(f) to appropriately share fisheries N/A resources between the users of those resources, and

(g) to provide social and economic benefits N/A for the wider community of New South Wales, and

(h) to recognise the spiritual, social and N/A customary significance to Aboriginal persons of fisheries resources and to protect, and promote the continuation of, Aboriginal cultural fishing.

Fisheries (1) A person must not carry out dredging or N/A 201 Circums Manageme reclamation work except under the tances in authority of a permit issued by the Minister. nt Act, which a 1994 person Maximum penalty: In the case of a may corporation, 2,000 penalty units or, in any carry out other case, 1,000 penalty units. dredging or (2) This section does not apply to: reclamati (a) work authorised under the Crown Lands on work Act 1989, or (b) work carried out, or authorised, by a relevant public authority (other than a local government authority), or (c) work excluded from the operation of this section by the regulations. Water Management Act, 2000 Recommendation Act Sections Questions to Answer Answer to questions (N/A means Is a consent/ Who Gets number reviewed Not Applicable to this project). permit or license Permit/consent required (yes/no) /license. Freshwater Water The objects of this Act are to provide for The weeding of freshwater creek, 3 Objects Creek weeding, Manageme the sustainable and integrated the constructed wetlands and Constructed nt Act, 2000 management of the water sources of the education of the Redhead Wetlands. State for the benefit of both present and Neighbourhood concerning exotic future generations and, in particular: gardens, nutrients and stormwater (a) to apply the principles of ecologically will hopefully lead to an increase in sustainable development, and the water quality of Freshwater Creek as it flows into the sea. (b) to protect, enhance and restore water The weeding of freshwater creek, sources, their associated ecosystems, the constructed wetlands and ecological processes and biological education of the Redhead Neighbourhood concerning exotic diversity and their water quality, and gardens, nutrients and stormwater will hopefully lead to an increase in the water quality of Freshwater Creek as it flows into the sea. (c) to recognise and foster the significant By education the Redhead social and economic benefits to the neighbourhood on Native gardens State that result from the sustainable it is hoped that these plants will and efficient use of water, including: start to show up in their gardens (i) benefits to the environment, and leading to a decrease in (ii) benefits to urban communities, "Water/Nutrient loving Exotics" agriculture, fisheries, industry and which could lead to a reduction in recreation, and watering for gardens and a (iii) benefits to culture and heritage, and reduction of excess fertilisers (iv) benefits to the Aboriginal people in entering the stormwater system. relation to their spiritual, social, The Native gardens will also foster customary and economic use of land and a better understanding of Aboriginal Heritage and water, appreciation of the food available from Native plants. (d) to recognise the role of the community, By consulting with neighbourhood as a partner with government, in concerning Constructed Wetlands and the reasons for them and how resolving issues relating to the they work (and how much they management of water sources, cost to put in) a better understanding by the neighbourhood might be reached concerning excess fertiliser and stormwater (water tanks, hard surfaces, water gardens etc) (e) to provide for the orderly, efficient and Consideration to education on equitable sharing of water from water stormwater issues and ideas on sources, saving water to be educated to Redhead Neighbourhood. (f) to integrate the management of water N/A sources with the management of other aspects of the environment, including the land, its soil, its native vegetation and its native fauna,

(g) to encourage the sharing of Consideration to education on responsibility for the sustainable and stormwater issues and ideas on efficient use of water between the saving water to be educated to Redhead Neighbourhood and use Government and water users, of tank water for gardens. (h) to encourage best practice in the Consideration to education on management and use of water. stormwater issues and ideas on saving water to be educated to Redhead Neighbourhood and use of tank water for gardens. (1) There are two kinds of activity N/A 91 Activi approvals, namely, controlled activity ty approvals and aquifer interference approva approvals. ls (2) A controlled activity approval confers a right on its holder to carry out a specified controlled activity at a specified location in, on or under waterfront land. (3) An aquifer interference approval confers a right on its holder to carry out one or more specified aquifer interference activities at a specified location, or in a specified area, in the course of carrying out specified activities. Protection of the Environment Operations Act 1997 Recommendation Act Sections Questions to Answer Answer to questions (N/A means Is a consent/ Who Gets number reviewed Not Applicable to this project). permit or license Permit/consent required (yes/no) /license. All POEO Act 3 Objects The objects of this Act are as follows: The weeding programs in 1997 (a) to protect, restore and enhance the conjuncture with the native quality of the environment in New South gardens and natural regeneration Wales, having regard to the need to of the bush plus some native maintain ecologically sustainable planting to help reduce the development, monoculture of the area will dramatically increase the biodiversity of the area. (b) to provide increased opportunities for By putting weeding in as a public involvement and participation in recommendation it is hoped that environment protection, more people would join the Redhead Landcare groups who will likely be responsible for this weeding/planting and natural regeneration recommendation and as such get a wider understanding of the environment and how we can maintain, restore or enhance the quality of the green areas in our neighbourhoods. (c) to ensure that the community has access It is hoped that when this to relevant and meaningful information management plan gets published about pollution, the community may ask why the constructed wetlands is required and how they might mitigate against it construction (stormwater, excess fertiliser, rubbish on the streets etc). (d) to reduce risks to human health and As kids play in the Freshwater prevent the degradation of the Creek waters near the beach, their environment by the use of mechanisms parents should have an that promote the following: understanding of what happens to (i) pollution prevention and cleaner the pollutants people pour down production, the stormwater system. (ii) the reduction to harmless levels of Why leaving dog poo in native the discharge of substances likely to areas is considered bad (too much cause harm to the environment, nutrients) promotes exotic weeds (iia) the elimination of harmful wastes, which leads to less biodiversity (iii) the reduction in the use of materials unless some baby picks it up and and the re-use, recovery or recycling of put it in their mouth. materials, (iv) the making of progressive environmental improvements, including the reduction of pollution at source, (v) the monitoring and reporting of environmental quality on a regular basis,

(e) to rationalise, simplify and strengthen N/A the regulatory framework for environment protection, (f) to improve the efficiency of N/A administration of the environment protection legislation, (g) to assist in the achievement of the N/A objectives of the Waste Avoidance and Resource Recovery Act 2001.

Waste Avoidance and Resource Recovery Act 2001 Recommendation Act Sections Questions to Answer Answer to questions (N/A means Is a consent/ Who Gets number reviewed Not Applicable to this project). permit or license Permit/consent required (yes/no) /license. Waste 3 Objects (a) to encourage the most efficient use of Exotic gardens require lots of water Avoidance resources and to reduce environmental and fertiliser to maintain them and harm in accordance with the principles of where as native gardens require Resource Recovery ecologically sustainable development significantly less of both meaning Act 2001 that native gardens are more efficient. The native garden recommendation is a way of promoting the use of native gardens to the wider community who will hopefully see their benefit and change to a more efficient garden which uses less of the worlds resources. (b) to ensure that resource management The native garden options are considered against a hierarchy recommendation is a way of of the following order: promoting the use of native (i) avoidance of unnecessary resource gardens to the wider community consumption, who will hopefully see their benefit (ii) resource recovery (including reuse, and change to a more efficient reprocessing, recycling and energy garden which uses less of the recovery), worlds resources. Which would be (iii) disposal, (i) avoidance of unnecessary resource consumption. By including recycling bins on site it is hoped that resource recovery of that garbage would be possible. (c) to provide for the continual reduction in As time goes by and more people waste generation, see the benefits of native gardens it is hoped that the nearly 95% of Redhead who have an exotic garden might change to a more efficient native garden (d) to minimise the consumption of natural N/A resources and the final disposal of waste by encouraging the avoidance of waste and the reuse and recycling of waste, (e) to ensure that industry shares with the Future Recommendation for a community the responsibility for reducing Plastic Bag Free Redhead is a and dealing with waste, possible answer to this objective (f) to ensure the efficient funding of waste N/A and resource management planning, programs and service delivery, (g) to achieve integrated waste and N/A resource management planning, programs and service delivery on a State-wide basis, (h) to assist in the achievement of the N/A objectives of the Protection of the Environment Operations Act 1997. Disability Inclusion Act 2014 Recommendation Act Sections Questions to Answer Answer to questions (N/A means Is a consent/ Who Gets number reviewed Not Applicable to this project). permit or license Permit/consent required (yes/no) /license. Barbeques, Disability Division 2 (a) to acknowledge that people with By increasing the facilities able to Tables, Paths, Inclusion 3 Objects disability have the same human rights as be enjoyed by disabled people at Disable kids Act 2014 other members of the community and that Webb Park the Management Plan equipment, the State and the community have a is hoping to show that the people Native gardens responsibility to facilitate the exercise of of Redhead believe that Disabled with paths. those rights People have a contribution to the community and a right to the resources of the community because of their presence. (b) to promote the independence and social By increasing the number of and economic inclusion of people with disabled user tables, increased disability, number of barbeques available, consideration of rebuilding the toilets to accommodate disable people, disabled kids equipment and disabled friendly paths this plan hopes to make Webb Park a place where disable people can feel like the normal people and enjoy a day out near the beach. (c) to enable people with disability to There are disabled people in exercise choice and control in the pursuit of Redhead and it is hoped that they their goals and the planning and delivery of took part in the survey concerning their supports and services, facilities at Webb Park and the lack of disable facilities in the Lake Macquarie Local Government Area and that pushing some of these recommendations will increase facilities available to them in Redhead. (d) to provide safeguards in relation to the N/A delivery of supports and services for people with disability, (e) to support, to the extent reasonably By increasing the facilities able to practicable, the purposes and principles of be enjoyed by disabled people at the United Nations Convention on the Rights Webb Park the Management Plan of Persons with Disabilities, is hoping to show that the people of Redhead believe that Disabled People have a contribution to the community and a right to the resources of the community because of their presence. (f) to provide for responsibilities of the N/A State during and following the transition to the National Disability Insurance Scheme. Firearms Act 1996 Recommendation Act Sections Questions to Answer Answer to questions (N/A means Is a consent/ Who Gets number reviewed Not Applicable to this project). permit or license Permit/consent required (yes/no) /license. Only future Firearms 3 Principles (1) The underlying principles of this Act are: As only licensed firearm users recommendation Act 1996 and objects (a) to confirm firearm possession and use as would be involved in any rabbit/fox after more of Act being a privilege that is conditional on the culls this whole act would only complete Fauna overriding need to ensure public safety, and need to be considered then. The study would police and gun clubs of Australia rabbit/fox baiting are the ones ensuring gun owners or culls be and gun users understand their considered. right and responsibilities under the Firearms Act 1996 (b) to improve public safety: Use of firearms to cull rabbits and (i) by imposing strict controls on the foxes in the area is extremely possession and use of firearms, and unlikely, however only licensed gun (ii) by promoting the safe and responsible users would be involved in unlikely storage and use of firearms, and event this recommendation was ever implemented. (c) to facilitate a national approach to the N/A control of firearms. (2) The objects of this Act are as follows: N/A (a) to prohibit the possession and use of all automatic and self-loading rifles and shotguns except in special circumstances, (b) to establish an integrated licensing and N/A registration scheme for all firearms, (c) to require each person who possesses or N/A uses a firearm under the authority of a licence to prove a genuine reason for possessing or using the firearm, (c) to require each person who possesses or N/A uses a firearm under the authority of a licence to prove a genuine reason for possessing or using the firearm, (e) to ensure that firearms are stored and N/A conveyed in a safe and secure manner, (f) to provide for compensation in respect N/A of, and an amnesty period to enable the surrender of, certain prohibited firearms. Coastal Protection Act 1979 Recommendation Act Sections Questions to Answer Answer to questions (N/A means Is a consent/ Who Gets number reviewed Not Applicable to this project). permit or license Permit/consent required (yes/no) /license. Viewing Coastal 3 Objects of The objects of this Act are to provide for the The viewing platforms and new Platforms and Protection this Act protection of the coastal environment of the boardwalks recommendation could associated paths, Act 1979 State for the benefit of both present and have an impact on the coast Dune Survey, future generations and, in particular: depending on where they are sited. constructed (a) to protect, enhance, maintain and The dune survey recommendation wetlands, restore the environment of the coastal should also include a assessment Freshwater region, its associated ecosystems, ecological on where the platforms should be Creek weeding. processes and biological diversity, and its sited so as to either remove its water quality, and coastal impact and thus remove the onus on complying with this piece of legislation (Coastal Protection Act 1979) or to minimise the impact of the recommendation and outline the protections required to implement the Viewing Platform recommendation taking into account the Coastal Protection Act 1979. (b) to encourage, promote and secure the By allowing viewing platforms with orderly and balanced utilisation and accompanying fenced boardwalks conservation of the coastal region and its this would allow the use of the natural and man-made resources, having dune system with only impact in regard to the principles of ecologically those areas while ensuring impact sustainable development, and out of these spots was minimised. (c) to recognise and foster the significant The viewing platforms could be social and economic benefits to the State utilised by people to watch the that result from a sustainable coastal Whale Migrations along Redhead environment, including: Beach, allow the usage of the (i) benefits to the environment, and Beach for sunset after wedding (ii) benefits to urban communities, events, or for evening get together fisheries, industry and recreation, and near the beach with access to (iii) benefits to culture and heritage, and toilets and barbeque to foster a (iv) benefits to the Aboriginal people in relaxation time to unwind from the relation to their spiritual, social, customary hustle and bustle of urban life as it and economic use of land and water, and has been shown that this unwinding can lead to a more productive and efficient workforce. The other recommendations in the Management plan will hopefully foster a better understanding by the neighbourhood on the environment and what benefit we as human can get out of it without destroying it in the process. The native gardens will hopefully non-aboriginal people come to an understanding of where aboriginal people should stand in a combined Australia (which is beside us - not behind us) (d) to promote public pedestrian access to By ensuring boardwalks are the coastal region and recognise the public’s maintained and provide easy right to access, and access to the beach will ensure that people don't take shortcuts to arrive at a destination quicker and damage the environment as they do. (e) to provide for the acquisition of land in N/A the coastal region to promote the protection, enhancement, maintenance and restoration of the environment of the coastal region, and (f) to recognise the role of the community, The Dune Survey Recommendation as a partner with government, in resolving will hopefully come up with ideas issues relating to the protection of the on regenerating the dune system coastal environment, and so that it doesn't get blown away at the first hint of a breeze. (g) to ensure co-ordination of the policies N/A and activities of the Government and public authorities relating to the coastal region and to facilitate the proper integration of their management activities, and (h) to encourage and promote plans and The Dune Survey should strategies for adaptation in response to incorporate a impact statement on coastal climate change impacts, including what climate change and sea level projected sea level rise, and rise will mean to Redhead Beach, Freshwater Creek, Redhead beach foreshore properties and the Redhead neighbourhood as a whole. (i) to promote beach amenity. The construction of viewing platforms with accompanying fenced boardwalks will allow the area to be used by disabled as well as nondisabled people. This should be part of the Dune 55D Guidelines for preparation of draft Survey Recommendation as they coastal zone management plans will be determining the viability of (1) A council is to prepare a draft coastal emplacing viewing platforms on zone management plan in accordance with the dune system. the Minister’s guidelines. (2) Without limiting the power of the Minister to determine the guidelines, the Minister may adopt as guidelines a manual referred to in section 733 (5) (b) of the Local Government Act 1993. (3) The Minister is to ensure that notification of any guidelines is published in the Gazette. (4) A copy of the Minister’s guidelines must be available for public inspection on the Internet website of the Department. State Legislation (Regulations)

Recommendation Act Sections Questions to Answer Answer to questions (N/A means Is a consent/ Who Gets number reviewed Not Applicable to this project). permit or license Permit/consent required (yes/no) /license.

State Legislation (EPI)

State Environmental Planning Policy No 71—Coastal Protection Recommendation Act Sections Questions to Answer Answer to questions (N/A means Is a consent/ Who Gets number reviewed Not Applicable to this project). permit or license Permit/consent required (yes/no) /license. Viewing State 2 Aims of (1) This Policy aims: By doing a Dune Survey before Platforms and Environmen Policy (a) to protect and manage the natural, construction of any more associated paths, tal Planning cultural, recreational and economic boardwalks and viewing platform Dune Survey, Policy No attributes of the New South Wales coast, was carried out will ensure that constructed 71— and this recommendation does minimal wetlands, Coastal impact onto the dune system. Freshwater Protection (b) to protect and improve existing public By making the boardwalks this Creek weeding. access to and along coastal foreshores to limits people (because most people the extent that this is compatible with the will stay to a path if it is there) and natural attributes of the coastal foreshore, avoid damaging the dune system and while providing access to Redhead Beach. (c) to ensure that new opportunities for By putting new boardwalks and public access to and along coastal viewing platforms this increases foreshores are identified and realised to the the access to the view and the extent that this is compatible with the relaxation value of sea breezes and natural attributes of the coastal foreshore, ocean sunsets to more people and including the disabled in the neighbourhood. (d) to protect and preserve Aboriginal Putting a viewing platform with cultural heritage, and Aboriginal places, signage of the significance of the values, customs, beliefs and traditional Headland in Aboriginal Heritage knowledge, and could foster a greater understanding of what certain things mean to Aboriginal (e) to ensure that the visual amenity of the If the viewing platforms also had coast is protected, and native vegetation that was right for where on the dunes they are situated this would make them disappear into the natural environment. (f) to protect and preserve beach By placing boardwalks and fenced environments and beach amenity, and beach access we allow access at the same time as we limit where and what damage is done to the dunes. (g) to protect and preserve native coastal Part of the weeding entails the vegetation, and whole dune system (late in the plan) this would allow the planting of vegetation suited to dunes which may protect the dunes from erosion. (h) to protect and preserve the marine Weeding of Freshwater Creek, environment of New South Wales, and stormwater/fertiliser and exotic garden education along with the constructed wetlands will improve the water quality (remove pollution) from exiting onto Redhead Beach. (i) to protect and preserve rock platforms, N/A and (j) to manage the coastal zone in By providing increased access to accordance with the principles of the Dune environment (relaxation ecologically sustainable development value) to more people (disabled) in (within the meaning of section 6 (2) of an environmentally friendly the Protection of the Environment manner will showcase this plans Administration Act 1991), and ecologically sustainable development recommendations. (k) to ensure that the type, bulk, scale and The Dune Survey Recommendation size of development is appropriate for the will evaluate where the Viewing location and protects and improves the Platforms and associated natural scenic quality of the surrounding Boardwalk is a viable option. area, and (l) to encourage a strategic approach to As the plan is to do the Dune coastal management. Survey (with viability objectives) then if viable do the viewing platform recommendation - that is the strategy. (2) This Policy: Dune Survey to ascertain if this (b) requires certain development application will be required. applications to carry out development in sensitive coastal locations to be referred to the Director-General for comment, and (c) identifies master plan requirements for N/A certain development in the coastal zone. (3) This Policy aims to further the Unsure what the Local Government implementation of the Government’s has planned for the Redhead Beach coastal policy. area.

State Environmental Planning Policy No 19—Bushland in Urban Areas Recommendation Act Sections Questions to Answer Answer to questions (N/A means Is a consent/ Who Gets number reviewed Not Applicable to this project). permit or license Permit/consent required (yes/no) /license. All State (1) The general aim of this Policy is to The recommendations will Environmen protect and preserve bushland within the promote a better understanding of tal Planning urban areas referred to in Schedule 1 the environment and how we can Policy No because of: derive a benefit from it without 19— (a) its value to the community as part of the destroying it in the process and as Bushland in natural heritage, such leave it for future generations Urban to enjoy as we have. Areas (b) its aesthetic value, and The weeding program with regeneration and native gardens will increase the biodiversity of the site and improve it aesthetic nature. (c) its value as a recreational, educational The sports area, exercise area, and scientific resource. outdoor education area will show the bush as a resource to be cherished and not squandered. (2) The specific aims of this policy are: By increasing the biodiversity of (a) to protect the remnants of plant the site and ensuring it viability communities which were once characteristic into the future as part of the of land now within an urban area, Coastal Green Corridor we ensure that this pocket gets protected. (b) to retain bushland in parcels of a size It is unsure because of it size how and configuration which will enable the much wildlife it can support, the existing plant and animal communities to Glossy Black Cockatoo (vulnerable) survive in the long term, family unit that uses the park at present does so as part of it feeding station rotation, however increasing the food species (biodiversity) could ensure that this family unit survives and prospers. (c) to protect rare and endangered flora It is unsure because of it size how and fauna species, much wildlife it can support, the Glossy Black Cockatoo (vulnerable) family unit that uses the park at present does so as part of it feeding station rotation, however increasing the food species (biodiversity) could ensure that this family unit survives and prospers. (d) to protect habitats for native flora and By increasing the biodiversity of fauna, the site we hope to protect the habitat of the species that use the site now and provide more habitat for other species to start using the reserve. (e) to protect wildlife corridors and As this is considered to be part of vegetation links with other nearby bushland, the Coastal Green Corridor this piece of land should be improved. (f) to protect bushland as a natural By weeding and allowing natural stabiliser of the soil surface, regeneration along with native tree planting the soil should hopefully be protected. (g) to protect bushland for its scenic values, By ensuring that appropriate and to retain the unique visual identity of vegetation (through natural the landscape, regeneration and native planting) is planted on the site this will maintain the landscape. The increased biodiversity will act as a protecting step by building in an increased buffer/redundancy into the system. (h) to protect significant geological N/A features, (i) to protect existing landforms, such as The weeding of Freshwater Creek natural drainage lines, watercourses and will be carried out in such a foreshores, manner as to protect the back of the existing creek by allowing natural regeneration and planting of riparian native species along the length being weeded. (j) to protect archaeological relics, N/A (k) to protect the recreational potential of It is hoped that the recreational bushland, recommendations will be implemented into area where grass or nothing grows now, which would limit their impact into bushland allowing that to be left relatively undisturbed for the natives fauna to multiply in. (l) to protect the educational potential of By having an outdoor education bushland, classroom next to the relatively undisturbed bushland so close will allow the educational benefit of the environment to be shown to the next generation of its keepers. (m) to maintain bushland in locations which By ensuring the paths and are readily accessible to the community, and boardwalks are maintained both disabled and non-disabled people can enjoy the bush. (n) to promote the management of By having the community involved bushland in a manner which protects and in the process of the management enhances the quality of the bushland and plan including recommendations facilitates public enjoyment of the bushland gives the community ownership in compatible with its conservation. the direction the management plan is going and ownership of what it may accomplish.

State Environmental Planning Policy (Exempt and Complying Development Codes) 2008 Recommendation Act Sections Questions to Answer Answer to questions (N/A means Is a consent/ Who Gets number reviewed Not Applicable to this project). permit or license Permit/consent required (yes/no) /license. Shade structures, State 1.3 Aims of This Policy aims to provide streamlined N/A Barbeques, Environmen Policy assessment processes for development that outdoor tal Planning complies with specified development footpaths, Policy standards by: recycled/garbage (Exempt (a) providing exempt and complying bin enclosure, and development codes that have State-wide native garden Complying application, and boxes, Developme (b) identifying, in the exempt development The recommendations listed are all playground nt Codes) codes, types of development that are of considered to be exempt equipment, 2008 minimal environmental impact that may be development. signage carried out without the need for development consent, and (c) identifying, in the complying The recommendations listed are all development codes, types of complying considered to be exempt development that may be carried out in development. accordance with a complying development certificate as defined in the Act, and (d) enabling the progressive extension of N/A the types of development in this Policy, and (e) providing transitional arrangements for N/A the introduction of the State-wide codes, including the amendment of other environmental planning instruments. Subdivision 2.71 Specified development Shade structures are being 36 Shade The construction or installation of a shade considered as a stop gap measure structures of structure of canvas, fabric, mesh or the like to supply shade before the canvas, is development specified for this code if it is expected Native trees will be able fabric, mesh not constructed or installed on land in a to supply the shade. or the like foreshore area. They may be kept. Note. See separate entry for awnings, blinds and canopies.

2.72 Development standards The standards specified for that development are that the development must: (a) (Repealed) (b) not have an area more than: (i) if for residential uses—20m2, or (ii) if it is constructed or installed for the purposes of a child care centre in a residential zone—40m2, or (iii) if it is constructed or installed for the purposes of a child care centre in a zone other than a residential zone—60m2, or (iv) if it is constructed or installed for the purposes of any other use—30m2, and (c) not cause the total area of all such structures on the lot to be more than 15% of the ground floor area of all buildings on the lot, and (d) not be higher than 3m from ground level (existing), and (e) be located at a distance from each lot boundary of at least: (i) if the development is carried out in Zone RU1, RU2, RU3, RU4, RU6 or R5—5m, or (ii) in any other case—900mm, and (f) be located behind the building line of any road frontage, and (g) to the extent it is comprised of metal components—be constructed of low reflective, factory pre-coloured materials, and (h) if it is connected to a fascia—be connected in accordance with a professional engineer’s specifications, and (i) not interfere with the functioning of existing drainage fixtures or flow paths, and (j) if it is located on bush fire prone land and is less than 5m from a dwelling—be constructed of non-combustible material, and (k) if it is constructed or installed on or in a heritage item or a draft heritage item or in a heritage conservation area or a draft heritage conservation area—be located in the rear yard, and (l) if it is constructed or installed for the purposes of a child care centre—be constructed of non-combustible material.

Local Government

Lake Macquarie Local Environmental Plan 2014 Recommendation Act Sections Questions to Answer Answer to questions (N/A means Is a consent/ Who Gets number reviewed Not Applicable to this project). permit or license Permit/consent required (yes/no) /license. All Lake 1.2 Aims of (1) This Plan aims to make local None of the recommendations are Macquarie Plan environmental planning provisions for land outside the planning rules for Lake Local in Lake Macquarie City in accordance with Macquarie Local Environmental Environmen the relevant standard environmental Plan 2014 tal Plan planning instrument under section 33A of 2014 the Act. (2) The particular aims of this Plan are as Freshwater Creek will be follows: rehabilitated by weeding, natural (a) to recognise the importance of Lake revegetation and accompanying Macquarie City and its waterways and the riparian vegetation planting. coast as an environmental, social, Education of the Redhead recreational and economic asset to Lake neighbourhood on Macquarie City and the Hunter and Central stormwater/fertiliser use and Coast regions, exotic gardens vs native gardens would mean the stormwater entering Freshwater creek was not so nutrient rich. A Constructed Wetlands with gross pollutant trap would ensure the water going to the ocean was majorly pollutant free. By increasing the facilities at Webb Park the environmental and social benefit of that Park could be enjoyed by the wider community including the disabled who at the moment have limited facilities there. (b) to implement a planning framework that By increasing facilities at Webb protects areas of significant conservation Park which is a green site with lots importance, while facilitating development of room for expansion (without and public facilities in appropriate areas, impact on the bush surrounding it) that are accessible to a range of population this could allow other Virgin Green groups, to accommodate Lake Macquarie Areas to lay undisturbed for years City’s social and economic needs, and hopefully forever before having to be cleared to supply community amenities. (c) to promote the efficient and equitable Webb Park could with more provision of public services, infrastructure facilities become a better park for and amenities, the Redhead neighbourhood. (d) to facilitate a range of accommodation N/A types throughout Lake Macquarie City so that housing stock meets the diversity of community needs and is affordable to as large a proportion of the population as possible, (e) to apply the principles of ecologically The viewing platforms could be sustainable development, utilised by people to watch the Whale Migrations along Redhead Beach, allow the usage of the Beach for sunset after wedding events, or for evening get together near the beach with access to toilets and barbeque to foster a relaxation time to unwind from the hustle and bustle of urban life as it has been shown that this unwinding can lead to a more productive and efficient workforce. The other recommendations in the Management plan will hopefully foster a better understanding by the neighbourhood on the environment and what benefit we as human can get out of it without destroying it in the process. The native gardens will hopefully non-aboriginal people come to an understanding of where aboriginal people should stand in a combined Australia (which is beside us - not behind us) (f) to encourage development that It is hoped the Dune survey will enhances the sustainability of Lake give recommendation of how to Macquarie City, including the ability to protect the dune system adapt to and mitigate against climate change. Zone RE1 • To enable land to be used for public open All the recommendation will allow Public space or recreational purposes. more use of the park for Recreation • To provide a range of recreational settings recreational uses, protect the and activities and compatible land uses. environment and promote a better • To protect and enhance the natural understanding of the environment environment for recreational purposes. and hopefully lead to an uptake • To facilitate the preservation of the into more native gardens environmental qualities of land. increasing the biodiversity of the neighbourhood. It will allow both hard (sports fields) and soft (bush walking) recreational uses of the environment. 3A Principles The following principles are principles of By fostering an understanding of of ecologically sustainable development: how we as humans can derive a ecologically (a) decision-making processes should benefit from the environment in sustainable effectively integrate both long-term and such a manner so as to preserve development short-term economic, environmental, social that environment without and equitable considerations; destroying it getting our benefit (b) if there are threats of serious or means that future generations will irreversible environmental damage, lack of have something to see and enjoy full scientific certainty should not be used as just as we have. a reason for postponing measures to Also by understanding that prevent environmental degradation; disabled people deserve to be able (c) the principle of inter-generational to enjoy as we do what we do and equity—that the present generation should how we do it means that some ensure that the health, diversity and disable facilities must be build to productivity of the environment is accommodate their need and maintained or enhanced for the benefit of wants just as facilities are build for future generations; us. (d) the conservation of biological diversity and ecological integrity should be a fundamental consideration in decision-making; (e) improved valuation, pricing and incentive mechanisms should be promoted.

Lake Macquaried DCP Recommendation Act Sections Questions to Answer Answer to questions (N/A means Is a consent/ Who Gets number reviewed Not Applicable to this project). permit or license Permit/consent required (yes/no) /license.