Phoebe Omlie Collection
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Phoebe Omlie Collection Processed by Scott Healy and Laura Cunningham 2014 Memphis and Shelby County Room Memphis Public Library and Information Center 3030 Poplar Ave Memphis, TN 38111 Phoebe Omlie Collection Biographical Sketch Phoebe Jane Fairgrave Omlie, born November 21, 1902, was a pioneer for women in American aviation. Whether from the plane or office, she set many firsts for women in the field of flying. In 1920, Phoebe began her career performing aerial stunts in the first flying circus owned by a woman, the Phoebe Fairgrave Flying Circus. Her stunts included wing walking, dancing the Charleston on the top wing, hanging below the plane by her teeth, parachute jumps, and her famous double parachute jump. After performing solo for a time, she collaborated with the Glenn Messer Flying Circus to perform intricate stunts involving multiple planes. Her early 1920s stunts culminated with her setting a women’s world record for a high-altitude parachute jump from 15,200 feet. Her pilot during all this time, Vernon C. Omlie, shared her desire to make a living in the aviation industry, and they went on to wed in 1922. In 1925, the Omlies moved to Memphis where Vernon offered flying lessons to the public, and they helped build the area’s aviation community. Giving up stunts, Phoebe began to focus on flying. In the late 1920s, Phoebe went on to be the first woman to obtain transport pilot and airplane mechanic licenses, set a female altitude and light plane record, and be the first woman to fly over the Rocky Mountains in a light aircraft. Between 1929 and 1931, Phoebe also participated in many air races. During the 1931 presidential campaign, Phoebe heavily campaigned for Franklin D. Roosevelt. As a result, she was appointed Special Advisor for Air Intelligence to the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. This post made her the first woman in the federal government associated with aviation. In this post she began an air marker campaign to assist with aerial navigation. She also advocated for increasing women’s roles in aviation. In 1936, Vernon Omlie died as a passenger in an airplane accident outside St. Louis. Following his death, Phoebe resigned from her position in Washington, D. C. and returned to Memphis. In 1941, she returned to Washington as Senior Private Flying Specialist of the Civil Aeronautics Authority and established 66 flight schools in 46 states in preparation for the needs of World War II. After the war, however, she grew tired of the increasing regulation of the aviation industry and retired from the field in 1952. In her later years, she tried operating a cattle farm, running a small café and hotel, and writing and publishing books. After these ventures proved unsuccessful, Phoebe focused her efforts on small speaking engagements and her political and social interests. She passed away in Indianapolis, Indiana on July 17, 1975. She is buried next to her husband at Forest Hill Cemetery in Memphis. An air traffic control tower at the Memphis International Airport is named in honor of Phoebe and Vernon Omlie. 2 Phoebe Omlie Collection Scope and Content The Phoebe Omlie Collection consists of thirteen boxes spanning 8.75 linear feet and includes 1,914 items. Della Frazier donated the collection to the Memphis and Shelby County Room in September of 2008. Box One contains materials relating to Phoebe’s early exhibition days, the 1927 flood, Mid-South Airways and Armstrong Field, the National Air Race, the Federal Air Marking Program, and various other activities during the 1920s to mid-1930s. Box Two contains materials relating to Air Policy, Phoebe’s work for the Federal Government, the death of Vernon Omlie, the Ground School in Memphis, awards, programs, and various other activities during the mid-1930s and 1940s. Box Three contains general correspondence from the late 1960s and 1970s. Box Four contains materials relating to a proposed Amelia Earhart film; the Ninety-Nines, Inc.; Helen Richey; OX5; aviation magazines, newsletters, and articles; various personal documents; and general correspondence with Louise Thaden, Phil Wendell, Robert McComb, Karl Voelter, Glenn Buffington, and Roscoe Turner. Box Five contains materials relating to Swanee Taylor’s biography, Omlie Story; Phoebe’s autobiography outlines and early pages, including a rough draft of her tentatively titled autobiography The Omlie Story; a rough draft for Phoebe’s book “Unsung” Heroes of Aviation; letters to Della Frazier; Vernon Omlie’s date book, pilot books, and papers; loose papers from Phoebe’s address book; and two of Phoebe’s pilot log books. Box Six contains materials relating to Phoebe’s catering company; political correspondence; Phoebe’s rough draft of Save our Schools from Federal Control; Phoebe’s rough draft of Silent Majority Speaks Out; various political writings; busing; the Equal Right’s Amendment; Constitutional re-wording; schools; the National Association of Pro-America; Conservative Union; the Liberty Amendment; letters to newspapers; and Women for Constitutional Government. Box Seven contains Aviation magazines and books; photographs belonging to Phoebe from a single album; a scrapbook of Phoebe’s; and a photo album that belonged to Harry Wilson. Box Eight contains the pages of a scrapbook belonging to Phoebe Omlie; a photo album belonging to Harry Wilson; and oversized and autographed photographs belonging to Phoebe Omlie. Box Nine contains a scrapbook. Box Ten contains photographs of Phoebe Omlie, Vernon Omlie, and Phoebe Omlie circa 1975. Box Eleven contains photographs from a trip to Havana, Cuba, a trip to Yellowstone National Park, aerial photographs, and miscellaneous people with planes. Box Twelve contains military and civilian flying photographs belonging to Vernon Omlie. Box Thirteen contains photographs of plane crashes, aerial and landscape photographs, and photographs of miscellaneous people belonging to Vernon Omlie. Single photocopies or scans of unpublished writings in these papers may be made for purposes of scholarly research. While the Memphis Public Library & Information Center may house an item, it does not necessarily hold the copyright for that item, nor may it be able to determine whether the item is still protected under current copyright law. Users are solely responsible for determining the 3 Phoebe Omlie Collection Scope and Content, continued existence of such instances and for obtaining any other permissions and paying associated fees that may be necessary for the intended use. Any image from the library’s collection published in any form must cite as the source: Memphis and Shelby County Room, Memphis Public Library & Information Center. For all requests, please contact the History Department at 901.415.2742 or [email protected]. 4 Phoebe Omlie Collection Container List Box Folder Number Number Number of Items Folder Description 1 1 1 Fairfield Aviation Meet Poster: Messer and Omlie 1 2 7 Exhibition Days: Flyers and Advertisements 1 3 9 Exhibition Days: Articles 1 4 1 1927 Newspaper Article 1 5 5 Flood Articles 1 6 22 1928 Articles and Advertisements 1 7 4 Mid-South Airways Armstrong Field 1 8 7 1929 Newspaper Articles 1 9 6 1929 Programs, Magazine, Poster, Invitation 1 10 8 1930 Various Telegrams 1 11 17 1930 Newspaper Articles 1 12 14 1930 Newspaper Articles 1 13 23 1931 Newspaper Articles 1 14 1 National Air Race Invitation 1 15 9 1932-1933 Newspaper Articles 1 16 3 1934 National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics Document, The 99er Magazine, Trophy for Air Show Photograph 1 17 31 1934 Newspaper Articles 1 18 14 1935 Newspaper Articles 1 19 37 Air Marking: Photograph, Correspondence, Document 1 20 13 Air Marking: Correspondence and Documents 2 1 1 Air Policy 2 2 7 1930s Federal Government 2 3 20 1936 2 4 14 Vernon Omlie Death Articles 2 5 18 Vernon Omlie Death Letters 2 6 1 Ground School Memphis Training Prospectus 2 7 2 Facts on Aviation and Ground School 2 8 10 1937/1941/1945 2 9 30 Business and Christmas Cards 2 10 31 Documents and Awards 2 11 3 Programs 3 1 21 General Correspondence 3 2 26 General Correspondence 3 3 32 General Correspondence 3 4 42 General Correspondence 3 5 22 General Correspondence 3 6 26 General Correspondence 5 Phoebe Omlie Collection Container List, continued Box Folder Number Number Number of Items Folder Description 3 7 23 General Correspondence 3 8 36 General Correspondence 3 9 20 General Correspondence 4 1 7 Aviatrix Film 4 2 31 The Ninety-Nines, Inc. 4 3 18 Helen Richey Petition 4 4 14 Louise Thaden 1970 4 5 10 Louise Thaden 1971 4 6 8 Louise Thaden 1972 4 7 29 Louise Thaden 1973 4 8 17 Louise Thaden 1974 4 9 14 Louise Thaden 1975 4 10 16 Phil Wendell 1970 4 11 27 Phil Wendell 1971 4 12 15 Robert McComb 4 13 18 Karl Voelter 4 14 31 H. Glenn Buffington 4 15 4 Roscoe Turner 4 16 8 OX5 Material 4 17 15 Aviation Magazines, Newsletters, Articles 4 18 1 Simplified Flying 4 19 18 Personal Documents 5 1 2 Swanee Taylor, Omlie Story: Intro – Chapter III 5 2 1 Swanee Taylor, Omlie Story: Intro – Chapter End 5 3 4 Autobiography Outlines – Early Pages 5 4 1 Autobiography Rough Draft 5 5 1 “Unsung” Heroes of Aviation 5 6 21 Autobiography – Publishers and Writers 5 7 13 Autobiography – Notes 5 8 1 Tri-Cycle Gear 5 9 10 Letters to Della Frazier 5 10 1 Vernon Omlie Date Book 5 11 3 Vernon Omlie Pilot Books 5 12 18 Vernon Omlie – Papers 5 13 1 Pilot Log 1930-1931 5 14 1 Flight Log Book 1933-1934 6 1 6 Catering 6 Phoebe Omlie Collection Container List, continued Box Folder Number Number Number of Items Box Description 6 2 32 Political Correspondence 6 3 4 Save Our