Federal Administration, DOT § 125.226

the ranges, accuracies, resolutions, and (h) Each recorder required by sampling intervals specified. this section must be installed in ac- (d) No person may operate under this cordance with the requirements of part an airplane that is manufactured § 25.1459 of this chapter in effect on Au- after October 11, 1991, unless it is gust 31, 1977. The correlation required equipped with one or more approved by § 25.1459(c) of this chapter need be flight recorders that utilize a digital established only on one airplane of any method of recording and storing data group of airplanes. and a method of readily retrieving that (1) That are of the same type; data from the storage medium. The pa- (2) On which the mod- rameters specified in appendix D of els and their installations are the this part must be recorded within the same; and ranges, accuracies, resolutions and (3) On which there are no differences sampling intervals specified. For the in the type design with respect to the purpose of this section, ‘‘manufactured’’ installation of the first pilot’s instru- means the point in time at which the ments associated with the flight re- airplane inspection acceptance records corder. The most recent instrument reflect that the airplane is complete calibration, including the recording and meets the FAA-approved type de- medium from which this calibration is sign data. derived, and the recorder correlation (e) Whenever a flight recorder re- must be retained by the certificate quired by this section is installed, it holder. must be operated continuously from (i) Each flight recorder required by the instant the airplane begins the this section that records the data spec- takeoff roll until it has completed the ified in paragraphs (a), (b), (c), or (d) of landing roll at an . this section must have an approved de- (f) Except as provided in paragraph vice to assist in locating that recorder (g) of this section, and except for re- under water. corded data erased as authorized in (j) After August 20, 2001, this section this paragraph, each certificate holder applies only to the airplane models shall keep the recorded data prescribed listed in § 125.226(l)(2). All other air- in paragraph (a), (b), (c), or (d) of this planes must comply with the require- section, as applicable, until the air- ments of § 125.226. plane has been operated for at least 25 [Doc. No. 25530, 53 FR 26148, July 11, 1988; 53 hours of the operating time specified in FR 30906, Aug. 16, 1988; Amdt. 125–54, 73 FR § 125.227(a) of this chapter. A total of 1 12568, Mar. 7, 2008] hour of recorded data may be erased for the purpose of testing the flight re- § 125.226 Digital flight data recorders. corder or the flight recorder system. (a) Except as provided in paragraph Any erasure made in accordance with (l) of this section, no person may oper- this paragraph must be of the oldest re- ate under this part a turbine-engine- corded data accumulated at the time of powered transport category airplane testing. Except as provided in para- unless it is equipped with one or more graph (g) of this section, no record need approved flight recorders that use a be kept more than 60 days. digital method of recording and storing (g) In the event of an accident or oc- data and a method of readily retrieving currence that requires immediate noti- that data from the storage medium. fication of the National Transportation The operational parameters required to Safety Board under 49 CFR part 830 and be recorded by digital flight data re- that results in termination of the corders required by this section are as flight, the certificate holder shall re- follows: the phrase ‘‘when an informa- move the recording media from the air- tion source is installed’’ following a pa- plane and keep the recorded data re- rameter indicates that recording of quired by paragraph (a), (b), (c), or (d) that parameter is not intended to re- of this section, as applicable, for at quire a change in installed equipment: least 60 days or for a longer period (1) Time; upon the request of the Board or the (2) Pressure altitude; Administrator. (3) Indicated airspeed;

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(4) Heading—primary flight crew ref- (34) Ground speed (when an informa- erence (if selectable, record discrete, tion source is installed); true or magnetic); (35) Ground proximity warning sys- (5) Normal (Vertical); tem; (6) Pitch attitude; (36) position or landing (7) Roll attitude; gear control selection; (8) Manual transmitter keying, (37) Drift angle (when an information or CVR/DFDR synchronization ref- source is installed); erence; (38) Wind speed and direction (when (9) /power of each engine—pri- an information source is installed); mary flight crew reference; (39) Latitude and longitude (when an (10) engagement status; information source is installed); (11) Longitudinal acceleration; (40) /pusher (when an in- (12) Pitch control input; formation source is installed); (13) Lateral control input; (41) Windshear (when an information (14) pedal input; source is installed); (15) Primary pitch control surface po- sition; (42) /power lever position; (16) Primary lateral control surface (43) Additional engine parameters (as position; designed in appendix E of this part); (17) Primary yaw control surface po- (44) Traffic alert and collision avoid- sition; ance system; (18) Lateral acceleration; (45) DME 1 and 2 distances; (19) Pitch trim surface position or pa- (46) Nav 1 and 2 selected frequency; rameters of paragraph (a)(82) of this (47) Selected barometric setting section if currently recorded; (when an information source is in- (20) or cockpit flap stalled); control selection (except when param- (48) Selected altitude (when an infor- eters of paragraph (a)(85) of this sec- mation source is installed); tion apply); (49) Selected speed (when an informa- (21) flap or cockpit flap tion source is installed); control selection (except when param- (50) Selected mach (when an informa- eters of paragraph (a)(86) of this sec- tion source is installed); tion apply); (51) Selected vertical speed (when an (22) Each Thrust reverser position (or information source is installed); equivalent for airplane); (52) Selected heading (when an infor- (23) Ground position or speed mation source is installed); brake selection (except when param- (53) Selected flight path (when an in- eters of paragraph (a)(87) of this sec- formation source is installed); tion apply); (54) Selected decision height (when (24) Outside or total air temperature; an information source is installed); (25) Automatic Flight Control Sys- (55) EFIS display format; tem (AFCS) modes and engagement status, including ; (56) Multi-function/engine/alerts dis- (26) Radio altitude (when an informa- play format; tion source is installed); (57) Thrust command (when an infor- (27) Localizer deviation, MLS Azi- mation source is installed); muth; (58) Thrust target (when an informa- (28) Glideslope deviation, MLS Ele- tion source is installed); vation; (59) Fuel quantity in CG trim tank (29) Marker beacon passage; (when an information source is in- (30) Master warning; stalled); (31) Air/ground sensor (primary air- (60) Primary Navigation System Ref- plane system reference nose or main erence; gear); (61) Icing (when an information (32) Angle of attack (when informa- source is installed); tion source is installed); (62) Engine warning each engine vi- (33) Hydraulic pressure low (each sys- bration (when an information source is tem); installed);

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(63) Engine warning each engine over (1) For airplanes not equipped as of temp. (when an information source is July 16, 1996, with a flight data acquisi- installed); tion unit (FDAU), the parameters list- (64) Engine warning each engine oil ed in paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(18) pressure low (when an information of this section must be recorded within source is installed); the ranges and accuracies specified in (65) Engine warning each engine over Appendix D of this part, and— speed (when an information source is (i) For airplanes with more than two installed); engines, the parameter described in (66) Yaw trim surface position; paragraph (a)(18) is not required unless (67) Roll trim surface position; sufficient capacity is available on the (68) Brake pressure (selected system); existing recorder to record that param- (69) Brake pedal application (left and eter. right); (ii) Parameters listed in paragraphs (70) Yaw of sideslip angle (when an (a)(12) through (a)(17) each may be re- information source is installed); corded from a single source. (71) Engine bleed valve position (2) For airplanes that were equipped (when an information source is in- as of July 16, 1996, with a flight data stalled); acquisition unit (FDAU), the param- (72) De-icing or anti-icing system se- eters listed in paragraphs (a)(1) lection (when an information source is through (a)(22) of this section must be installed); recorded within the ranges, accuracies, (73) Computed center of gravity and recording intervals specified in Ap- (when an information source is in- pendix E of this part. Parameters listed stalled); in paragraphs (a)(12) through (a)(17) (74) AC electrical bus status; each may be recorded from a single (75) DC electrical bus status; source. (76) APU bleed valve position (when (3) The approved flight recorder re- an information source is installed); quired by this section must be installed (77) Hydraulic pressure (each sys- at the earliest time practicable, but no tem); later than the next heavy maintenance (78) Loss of cabin pressure; check after August 18, 1999 and no later (79) Computer failure; than August 20, 2001. A heavy mainte- (80) Heads-up display (when an infor- nance check is considered to be any mation source is installed); time an airplane is scheduled to be out (81) Para-visual display (when an in- of service for 4 or more days and is formation source is installed); scheduled to include access to major (82) Cockpit trim control input posi- structural components. tion-pitch; (c) For all turbine-engine-powered (83) Cockpit trim control input posi- transport category airplanes manufac- tion—roll; tured on or before October 11, 1991— (84) Cockpit trim control input posi- (1) That were equipped as of July 16, tion—yaw; 1996, with one or more digital data (85) Trailing edge flap and cockpit bus(es) and an ARINC 717 digital flight flap control position; data acquisition unit (DFDAU) or (86) Leading edge flap and cockpit equivalent, the parameters specified in flap control position; paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(22) of this (87) Ground spoiler position and speed section must be recorded within the brake selection; ranges, accuracies, resolutions, and (88) All cockpit flight control input sampling intervals specified in Appen- forces (control wheel, control column, dix E of this part by August 20, 2001. rudder pedal); Parameters listed in paragraphs (a)(12) (89) status; through (a)(14) each may be recorded (90) Yaw damper command; and from a single source. (91) rudder valve status. (2) Commensurate with the capacity (b) For all turbine-engine powered of the recording system (DFDAU or transport category airplanes manufac- equivalent and the DFDR), all addi- tured on or before October 11, 1991, by tional parameters for which informa- August 20, 2001— tion sources are installed and which

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are connected to the recording system (1) The parameters listed in para- must be recorded within the ranges, ac- graphs (a)(1) through (a)(88) of this sec- curacies, resolutions, and sampling in- tion must be recorded within the tervals specified in Appendix E of this ranges, accuracies, resolutions, and re- part by August 20, 2001. cording intervals specified in Appendix (3) That were subject to § 125.225(e) of E to this part. this part, all conditions of § 125.225(c) (2) In addition to the requirements of must continue to be met until compli- paragraphs (f)(1) of this section, all ance with paragraph (c)(1) of this sec- Boeing 737 model airplanes must also tion is accomplished. comply with the requirements of para- (d) For all turbine-engine-powered graph (n) of this section. transport category airplanes that were (g) Whenever a flight data recorder manufactured after October 11, 1991— required by this section is installed, it (1) The parameters listed in para- must be operated continuously from graphs (a)(1) through (a)(34) of this sec- the instant the airplane begins its tion must be recorded within the takeoff roll until it has completed its ranges, accuracies, resolutions, and re- landing roll. cording intervals specified in Appendix (h) Except as provided in paragraph E of this part by August 20, 2001. (i) of this section, and except for re- Paramaters listed in paragraphs (a)(12) corded data erased as authorized in through (a)(14) each may be recorded this paragraph, each certificate holder from a single source. shall keep the recorded data prescribed (2) Commensurate with the capacity by this section, as appropriate, until of the recording system, all additional the airplane has been operated for at parameters for which information least 25 hours of the operating time sources are installed and which are specified in § 121.359(a) of this part. A connected to the recording system, total of 1 hour of recorded data may be must be recorded within the ranges, ac- erased for the purpose of testing the curacies, resolutions, and sampling in- flight recorder or the flight recorder tervals specified in Appendix E of this system. Any erasure made in accord- part by August 20, 2001. ance with this paragraph must be of (e) For all turbine-engine-powered the oldest recorded data accumulated transport category airplanes that are at the time of testing. Except as pro- manufactured after August 18, 2000— vided in paragraph (i) of this section, (1) The parameters listed in para- no record need to be kept more than 60 graph (a) (1) through (57) of this section days. must be recorded within the ranges, ac- (i) In the event of an accident or oc- curacies, resolutions, and recording in- currence that requires immediate noti- tervals specified in Appendix E of this fication of the National Transportation part. Safety Board under 49 CFR 830 of its (2) Commensurate with the capacity regulations and that results in termi- of the recording system, all additional nation of the flight, the certificate parameters for which information holder shall remove the recorder from sources are installed and which are the airplane and keep the recorder data connected to the recording system, prescribed by this section, as appro- must be recorded within the ranges, ac- priate, for at least 60 days or for a curacies, resolutions, and sampling in- longer period upon the request of the tervals specified in Appendix E of this Board or the Administrator. part. (j) Each flight data recorder system (3) In addition to the requirements of required by this section must be in- paragraphs (e)(1) and (e)(2) of this sec- stalled in accordance with the require- tion, all Boeing 737 model airplanes ments of § 25.1459(a) (except paragraphs must also comply with the require- (a)(3)(ii) and (7)), (b), (d) and (e) of this ments of paragraph (n) of this section, chapter. A correlation must be estab- as applicable. lished between the values recorded by (f) For all turbine-engine-powered the flight data recorder and the cor- transport category airplanes manufac- responding values being measured. The tured after August 19, 2002— correlation must contain a sufficient

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number of correlation points to accu- YS–11, Short Bros. Limited SD3–30, rately establish the conversion from Short Bros. Limited SD3–60. the recorded values to engineering (m) All subject to the re- units or discrete state over the full op- quirements of this section that are erating range of the parameter. Except manufactured on or after April 7, 2010, for airplanes having separate altitude must have a flight data recorder in- and airspeed sensors that are an inte- stalled that also— gral part of the flight data recorder (1) Meets the requirements in system, a single correlation may be es- § 25.1459(a)(3), (a)(7), and (a)(8) of this tablished for any group of airplanes— chapter; and (1) That are of the same type; (2) Retains the 25 hours of recorded (2) On which the flight recorder sys- information required in paragraph (f) tem and its installation are the same; of this section using a recorder that and meets the standards of TSO–C124a, or (3) On which there is no difference in later revision. the type design with respect to the in- (n) In addition to all other applicable stallation of those sensors associated requirements of this section, all Boeing with the flight data recorder system. 737 model airplanes manufactured after Documentation sufficient to convert August 18, 2000 must record the param- recorded data into the engineering eters listed in paragraphs (a)(88) units and discrete values specified in through (a)(91) of this section within the applicable appendix must be main- the ranges, accuracies, resolutions, and tained by the certificate holder. (k) Each flight data recorder required recording intervals specified in Appen- by this section must have an approved dix E to this part. Compliance with device to assist in locating that re- this paragraph is required no later corder under water. than February 2, 2011. (l) The following airplanes that were [Doc. No. 28109, 62 FR 38387, July 17, 1997; 62 manufactured before August 18, 1997 FR 48135, Sept. 12, 1997, as amended by Amdt. need not comply with this section, but 125–42, 68 FR 42937, July 18, 2003; 68 FR 50069, must continue to comply with applica- Aug. 20, 2003; Amdt. 125–54, 73 FR 12568, Mar. ble paragraphs of § 125.225 of this chap- 7, 2008; Amdt. 125–56, 73 FR 73179, Dec. 2, 2008; ter, as appropriate: Amdt. 125–54, 74 FR 32801, 32804, July 9, 2009] (1) Airplanes that meet the Stage 2 § 125.227 Cockpit voice recorders. noise levels of part 36 of this chapter and are subject to § 91.801(c) of this (a) No certificate holder may operate chapter, until January 1, 2000. On and a large turbine engine powered airplane after January 1, 2000, any Stage 2 air- or a large pressurized airplane with plane otherwise allowed to be operated four reciprocating engines unless an under Part 91 of this chapter must approved cockpit voice recorder is in- comply with the applicable flight data stalled in that airplane and is operated recorder requirements of this section continuously from the start of the use for that airplane. of the checklist (before starting en- (2) British Aerospace 1–11, General gines for the purpose of flight) to com- Dynamics Convair 580, General Dynam- pletion of the final checklist at the ter- ics Convair 600, General Dynamics mination of the flight. Convair 640, deHavilland Aircraft Com- (b) Each certificate holder shall es- pany Ltd. DHC–7, Fairchild Industries tablish a schedule for completion, be- FH 227, Fokker F–27 (except Mark 50), fore the prescribed dates, of the cock- F–28 Mark 1000 and Mark 4000, Gulf- pit voice recorder installations re- stream Aerospace G–159, Jetstream 4100 quired by paragraph (a) of this section. Series, Lockheed Aircraft Corporation In addition, the certificate holder shall Electra 10–A, Lockheed Aircraft Cor- identify any airplane specified in para- poration Electra 10–B, Lockheed Air- graph (a) of this section he intends to craft Corporation Electra 10–E, Lock- discontinue using before the prescribed heed Aircraft Corporation Electra L– dates. 188, Lockheed Martin Model 382 (L–100) (c) The cockpit voice recorder re- Hercules, Maryland Air Industries, Inc. quired by this section must also meet F27, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. the following standards:

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