VOL. 4 ISSUE 1 NGM.COM AUGUSr?P^* ?295 NAT101\L^ GEOGRA
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The confluence of the Colorado and Little Colorado Rivers, an area con sidered sacred to Native Americans, is under consideration as the site of a biiiion-dollar development project.
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Losing the Canyon 112 An atteinpt to hike the length of the Grand Canyon reveals the commercial Interests threatening it. By Kevin Fedarko Photographs by Pete McBride
48 72 94 Back in Fashion A Cure In Sight Heat Wave Fur is popular again, but Medical advances offer an Was the Pacific's deadly warm water just part of a humane treatment of the ani end to blindness for some, mals remains a challenge. yet many still suffer from natural cycle or a sign preventable loss of sight. of a bigger change? By Richard Conniff P/70fographs by Paolo Marchetti By David Dobbs By Craig Welch Photographs by Brent Stirton Photographs by Paul Nicklen
On the Cover Thirty-nine million people-about one in 200-are blind, 136 Proof I Backstage at the Big Top but scientists are working to help them see. Photo by David Liittschwager For Vietnamese circus performers, daily life means focus, hard work, and dedication. Corrections and Clarifications Go to ngm.com/corrections. Sfory and Photographs by Christian Rodriguez
OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY NATIONAL . GEOGRAPHIC. OCTOBER 2016 • VOL.4 • NO. 3
40 96 122 The New Europeans Deadly Trade Here Comes the Wave The continent's latest great What happens to rhinos If an The first American passenger ship migration Is roiling Its politics, alleged trafficker and a rancher to Cuba In nearly 40 years signals testing Its tolerance, and chal undo South Africa's ban on a new era In the relationship be lenging Its cultural Identities. selling horns? tween once Cold War adversaries. By Robert Kumlg By Bryan Christy By Cynthia Gomey Photographs by Rot)in Hammond F^tographs by Brent Stirton Photographs by David Guttenfelder
136 Proof I Snow Monkeys On the Cover The number of refugees arriving in Europe is growing. The personalities of Japanese macaques But immigfants have long played a key role In the history of the continent. Photo t)yPotxnHammorvl emerge as they warm up In hot water. Story and Photographs by Jasper Doest CorrectfonsandClarHications Goiongm.com/cor7oclfons.
~70 Too, Am America The newest Smrthsonian museum t^es an unflinching look at African-American history. By M/chete Notris Photographs by Grant Cornett and Radciiffe Roye
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Louis Armstrong's iruinpet. made especialiy lor him in France after World War II. is in the new museum's collection. GEOGRAPHI
NOVEMBER 2016 VOL
See video of the camouflage tricks and getaway moves of octopuses—Ilka this southern keeled octopus—at netgeo.com/octopus.
The Power of Eight ^^ Octopuses appear as alien as any extraterrestrial, yet seem strangely akin to humans ■ By OInri .h,:!'' >•1 • ;i II D,n 'J Liiltuclmager
36 84 106 The Race to the Red Planet Fragile Peace Changing Cuba:The Humankind's next big missioti Sri Lanka is beginning to reckon Caribbean's Crown Jewels IS Mars. But how long until we with the aftermath of a brutal civil Gardens of the Queen, Cub-,v get there? war; lens of thousands homeless, sprawling marine preserve tens of thousands still missing. By Jaft' Achenhach oceanic Eden in tourism . ^ spath MOM PhoV^Fapiishy PMhp Tolbdano Boberf Clark. Bv Bobeit Orapei Srofv ancJ Photograohs ho n- 'A^lefa Hellweg. and Maik Tivessen Pbotogiapbs by Ami V'laie i'biiet \ . T'- • CM) th« Cover Ti>e louf tmapes m this composn^ 118 Proof I Consecrated in Mexico „T .1. :>n 1 1 hy Iinlia's Mars Orbitar Mtsaion proJ^ Behind coiivenl walls, cloistered nuns rt.i I. I- .lOoui .i;650n>.los Iinago '"rtan S»ar« at an pray, work and even ()lay volleyball. Corrections and Clarifications Go to ng,Tt .-ortvc-c -'"I'-rn... ' „ , '' ' Sftv) dfi'j •//)"■ . !>■, j T.Vic.i'tn
OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY I CONTENTS
DECEMBER 2016 • VOL. 4 • NO. 5 • OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY
DEPARTMENTS FEATURES
3 QUESTIONS Emiiy Briere is packing THE PUTIN GENERATION time capsules for Mars 108 Young Russians- like those below, celebrating the school year's end - grew up after the Soviet Union fell and Vladimir Putin came to power. Where will they take their country? VISIONS By Julia loffe Photographs Oy Gerd Ludwig
EXPLORE Basic instincts. Jackfruit. Santas. Field Notes
STARTALK A O&A with Andy Weir, .iiithorof The Martian
42 1 MIND OVER MATTER 68 I THE PARKS OF TOMORROW S'^ic-ntists at<> discoverinri how belief - Americas national (jarks will always b<: iiirouqh plar;etx)S, rituals, and mystical beautiful, but a warming climate forces us experiences - can affect the way we heal, to accept that they can't be fiozen in time flV'E/ik V.ince By Michdli; Niituni, OnttieCover ->i Photogiafihs hv Enka Larsen Phologiaphs by Keith Latl^inski ..ii; ,'ir- i-r>'ivmgihc ti- iMif. iSJ.'n Oit/v.iTHW Antonio BiiZZi ."it "k- 134 I WHERE DREAMS LIVE ON Catertfnao.i Sai« Dunieni 88 I ORANGUTANS AT RISK m Sierw ll.ily Piltjnins vsil nt.'' Rebe.in .hc>f^ am g.iiniiiy vital insights into A half-.ibanooiiea u'Seaioli st.ilion in rr -jl < n'?*- lite priv.lit- ii." s ■ il man'iiii.anr. hut the Tanzaina is alive with the hopes and f'lu.biv•'-U -ipes fiioL' a jii' CiiMci is fiiliire. meipories of tfiose vvlio worked tftere Sy Jeremy Berlin CofTecttonsandClarincations liy M'.-i l. f'lh'icxii-ipi'S "y Tim iamai Ptiyfograptis by Evgema Arbiigaeva CONTENTS
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TELEVISION TELEVISION WHO SURVIVES IN THE SAVAGE KINGDOM? THE COVERSHOT CHALLENGE The battles among warring clans play out like Game ol Thrones—hut the royal families are Africa's lions, leopaids, hyenas, and more. The Watch 16 photo ininiseries Savage Kingdom premieres on December 19 at 10 p.m. on graphers from National Geographic channel and Nat Geo WILD. across India go head to head to capture the per fect image. The winner of Nat Geo Coversfiot will feature their work on the cover of National Geographic Traveller India. The series premieres on December 17 on National Geographic channel.
NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC BOOKS JUST HOW SUGGESTIBLE iV IS THE HUMAN BRAIN? Science writer Erik Vance examines the power of belief to infiuence us. in this issues cover story - and in his new book. Suggestible You: The Curious Science of Your Brain s Ability to Deceive, Transform and Heal. Available wherever books are TELEVISION sold and at shoi^.nationalgeographic.com WINTER WONDERLAND The arrival of winter ushers in a new pattern of life for animals. Theirs is a story of hardship, endurance, and beauty as they adapt to challenges VIRTUAL REALITY AND VIDEO and live and thrive through the cold months. Watch the series every GLIMPSES OF LIFE AMONG Saturday and Sunday at 6 p m. on Nat Geo Wild THE ORANGUTANS OF BORNEO See how or.inuut.ins i;ontenrl with threats to then habitats aiiiT existence, in an exclusive virtual-reality e.xpenoncc Then watch the compelling story of an orangutan mother raising her baby, in a National Geographic video. Both are online at ngm.eom/Dec2016.
national GEOGRAPHIC TRAVEL THE HAPPY PLACES ISSUE Read about why everybody loves Goa. what makes Copenhagen a city of cher diumming and dancing in Trinidad, and experiences that provide and a comple mentai and physical reboot. Find the issue on news stands, or read it online . www.natgeotraveller.ln.
PHOTOS NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC CHANNELS/NHF ITOPI, GROSPITZ i WESTPHALEN/ NDH NATURFILM/DOCLIGHTS GMBH SPECIAL ISSUE
REVOLUTION I CONTENTS
JANUARY 2017 • VOL. 4 • NO. 6 • OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY
THE GENDER ISSUE
Can science help us navigate the shifting land scape of gender identity? Mandy (below) identifies as fa'afafine, a third gender in Samoa. RETHINKING GENDER By Robin Maraniz Henig 54 Photographs by Lynn Johnson
I CONTENTS
36 I I AM NINE YEARS OLD 78 I MAKING A MAN National Geographic traveled to 80 homes on four In traditional cultures the path to manhood is marked continents to ask kids how gender affects their lives. The with ceremonial rites of passage. But in societies moving answers from this diverse group of children were astute away from strict gender roles, boys have to find their own and revealing. ways to become men. By Eve Conant By Chip Brown Photographs by Robin Hammond Photographs by Pete tVtuHer
102 I AMERICAN GIRL 120 I DANGEROUS LIVES OF GIRLS In some ways it's easier to be an American girl these days: Although beauty still rules, people are more accepting of differences. In another way it's worse; Everything plays out on social media. By Tina Rosenberg By Alexis Okeowo Photographs by Kitra Cahana Photographs by Stephanie Sinclair
142 I EQUALITY On the Cover Youth interviewed for this issue en e Author Anne Marie Slaughter urges us to aim for a world Jackson, a transgender girl living in Kansas Citv l^fs" where gender is neither an advantage nor an impediment. PhotobyRob,nHammond '^^"sas City, Missouri. Corrections and Clarifications Go to ngm.com/correclions. !( I t
I CONTENTS
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TELEVISION TELEVISION ANIMAL FIGHT CLUB INDIA UNLOCKED This Is what happens when wild animals turn on their own kind In order India Is filled with Incredible stories of to wage deadly wars. From bears to tigers, and even the humble shrew, the country s diversity that challenge fierce battles rage among species around the globe. New season boundaries in many ways. Discover premieres on National Geographic on January 9 at 7 p.m. various facets of history, culture, wildlife, science, and technology across the length and breadth of India with this special series. Starting from January 2 on National Geographic every Monday- Friday at 9 p.m.
BOOKS PICTURE PERFECT Travel to spectacular sites with Wild, Beautiful Places, available at shopng. com or wherever books are sold.
national geographic travel WHERE TO GO IN 2017 From Seoul to Malta, Colombia to TELEVISION Canada read all about the 20 must-see NO MAN LEFT BEHIND Being trapped behind enemy lines Is every soldier's worst nightmare: a Pradesh s tiger terrain and theMadhya geologic situation they all train for, few experience, and even fewer live through. goldmine that Is Ladakh. Find the maga These are stories of real life war heroes who survived to tell their tales. Premlering on National Geographic on January 20 at 10 p.m. www.natgeotraveller.ln.wwSn on'ine a
television WORLDS dangerous ANIMALS
creatures oi ZvtheyS have ® evolved to adapt tothe their wild, har Ser^n '^'K/'^^'^'^^^agletosurviv 9 at 8pm
SPERRINgTsoId!eW CHANNELS/CHARLIE X I CONTENTS
FEBRUARY 2017 • VOL. 4 • NO. 7 • OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY
DEPARTMENTS FEATURES
3 QUESTIONS Sebastian Junger on the A 9.000-YEAR LOVE AFFAIR Impacts of war 50 Alcohol is one of the most universally produced and enjoyed substances in history, and it has helped shape who we are. VISIONS By Andrew Curry Photographs by Brian Finke
EXPLORE What and how we eat
On the Cover Beer and ottier alcoholic bever ages are'important to human culture" and have been for thou sands of years,says biomoiecular archaeologist Patrick McGovern. Photo by Bn.in FiiiKo
Corrections and Clarifications Go to f r. 11 com/coi rechons
CUP PH. JGRAPHED AT MICHAEL C CAHLOS MUSEUM EMORY UNIVERSITY 1 V
CONTENTS
52 I SAVING THE SEAS 76 I LIFE AFTER LOSS President Barack Obama added more than 850,000 Societies can impose new burdens and limits on women square miles of ocean to America's network of protected after their husbands die. seas. There's more to do. By Cynthia Gorney By Cynthia Barnett Photographs by Brian Skerry Plmtographs by Amy Toensing
100 I SHADOW CATS 116 I MODERN AMAZONIA Small cats- like the marbled cat below -are skilled at In the jungle today, real people face the clash of tribal avoiding notice. But they're beginning to draw the atten lore and modern lure. "loai tion of conservationists and researchers. Story and Photographs by Yann Gross By Christine Dell'Amore Photographs by Joel Sartore CONTENTS
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TELEVISION BOOKS DEADLY JAWS GETAWAYS FOR VALENTINES Watch how the most lethal predators use their Inbuilt arsenal of weap From beaches and spas to an ocean-view ons- their jaws and claws- to hunt, survive, and rule in the wild. From restaurant in Big Sur, California, 50 great the dolphin armies of the ocean to the desert's most poisonous rep escapes beckon from the pages of National tiles, discover the stealth, speed, deception, and weaponry of Africa's Geographic's The Worlds fvlost Romantic deadliest. Premiering on National Geographic on January 30 at 11 p.m. Destinations. Full of photos and travel tips, it's available at shopng.com or wherever books are sold. BOOKS SEE THE U.S.A. THROUGH OUR PHOTO ARCHIVES □ NATIONAL A skier gazes across the Rocky CLOCRAPHiC l^ountains in a 1953 photo by Charles Grover. It's just one of THE WORLD'S MOST dozens of archetypal photographs in the new book The United States ROMANTIC of America: A Pictorial History of SOUn-aim IVinir Urtrraii, «nJ the USA Through the National l-m-lwiUlnit t„ iVkbralr l/nf Geographic Archives. Art book publisher Taschen mined the magazine's archives to create a one-of-a-kind portrait of the United States. The two-volume set is available at shopng.com or wherever books are sold.
TELEVISION MACHINE IMPOSSIBLE Tech buff Mischa Pollack joins forces with designer Max McMurdo on TELEVISION a journey to discover the world's most ingenious machines. They also THINK YOUR HOUSE CAT IS TAME? take on a challenge to create a gadget that will change the future. BETTER THINK AGAIN... ^ Premiering on National Geographic on February 24 at 10 p.m. Big Cat Week celebrates wild beasts that are beautiful, strong, and rapidly facing extinction. While these might be nature's NATGEO.COM INTERACTIVE fiercest felines, they also share lineage UNDERSEA 360° VIDEO with today's domestic cats. Watch their Plunge beneath the waves with National Geographic photographer epic survival games and get closer to these Brian Skerry to explore Buck Island Reef National Monument in the Caribbean. Find the 360° video of this Virgin Islands reef and its magnificent beasts. Premiering on National remarkable creatures at natgeo.com/buckisland. Geographic and Nat Geo Wild on February 4 r at 7 p.m.
Subscriptions For subscriptions in India cali 022-49188881/2/3/4. For online subscriptions CopyTightCtjnifihutiofiiUiilicNallnnaUieographtcStKietyarttaxdetluciihleundcrScciionSOlfcini ^ 2016 Nalional Geographic Fartiiefs. LLC | AJl righUrciencd. Njiiona! fl " ji ^'.1"• ' log on to www.getnationalgeographic.com R.gl«c,cd T,adcm»,k. • .Marcs KrBl«rad.s. Na.ioa.l Gcograpl„c assume, no rcsponslbilLy im mssoll','"d
DIsclilmfr RoprocJixfton In whoio or port wtthout wntten pwrnisslon Is stneihr Drehrhn^ ^ - ^ . .. -
miionat cnoicas. All maps usad in if>® Pnniedandp.iQiishadDyMrAnuraagAgarwaiooPonarfolAmafChitfaKathaPvt Lifl PrintA/i.. 11 .t .. . . .s , CONTENTS
MARCH 2017 • VOL. 4 • NO. 8 • OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY
DEPARTMENTS FEATURES
VISIONS 54 THE WISDOM OF TREES EXPLORE Every tree tells a story. Some are beyond eloquent: the apple tree that illustrated the law Kite-skiing on ice, ttie of gravity, the pear tree that survived 9/11, pines that can live more than 5,000 years. mating habits of tree frogs, By Cathy Newman Photographs by Diane Cook and Len Jenshel and a monastery's hidden texts
The centuries-old Wedding Oak near San Saba,Texas, is named for the many nuptials that have been held under It.
24 I NEW VISIONS 72 I A SEA'S FADING 84 I A FIGHT OF THE VIKINGS BOUNTY TO SURVIVE How Scandinavian farmers Politics and exploitation Crested black macaques became Europe's scourge. put a great fishery at risk. have many enemies. By Heather Pringle By Rachael Bale By Jennifer S. Holland Photographs by Robert Cfark Photograplis by Photographs by On the Cover A Scandinavian and David Guttenfelder Adam Dean Stefano Unterthiner warrior chief from the late 10th century is ready for battle. The headgear he wears is based on the only complete Viking metal 102 I DARK STAR: INTO THE DEEP 118 I METROPOLIS helmet known to survive. An expedition plumbs the depths of what The world's megacities are a swirl of A/t by Fernando G Gapf/sfd may be the Everest of the underground. 21st-century energy and humanity. Correctfons and Clarifications By Mark Synnott Story and Photographs by Go to nht'iQocom/corfuctions Photographs by Robbie Shone Martin Roemcrs CONTENTS
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TELEVISION TELEVISION INSIDE TIRUMALA TIRUPATI REPTILE KINGS National Geographic's hour-long documentary will delve into Tirumala Prepare for an ultimate encounter with the Tirupati temple's mythological relevance, legends, architecture, kitch world's fiercest and most adaptable crea ens, and the latest technological advances. Premiering on National tures and their amazing stories. Premiering Geographic on IVIarch 27 at 9 p.m. on Nat Geo Wild on March 20 at 8 p.m.
TELEVISION NAT GEO GOLD Follow a bunch of 20 American survlvalists as they travel to the world's most remote regions and adapt to the harshest terrains. Watch hand- picked survival shows all this month at 10 p.m. on Nat Geo Gold.
STOP-MOTION VIDEO JOIN THE VOYAGES OF A VIKING SHIPBUILDER In a video adventure rooted in Norse mythology and fashioned entirely «I5T'A» of handmade paper art, a Viking master builder constructs a ship, then pilots it on raids to take loot and slaves. See it at ngm.eom/Mar2017. BOOKS CANINE LESSONS In Cesar Millan's Lessons From the Pack-' fhhe Dogn®® Whisperer® shares(^''anged life lessons My Life he': learned from dogs. Available at shopng.co and wherever books are sold.
NAT GEO WILD YOUTUBE CHANNEL SEE NEW WILDLIFE VIDEOS foundNat Geo in ourWILD own looks backyards at surprising in a new anim^ dii series, Untamed With Filipe DeAndrade airing on VouTube March 14.
360-degree video television EXPERIENCE A BATTLE WITH VIKING WARRIORS mission CRITICAL Armed with swords and axes, armor-clad reenactors at a Viking Travel with Nat Geo photographers to I festival in Wolin, Poland, launch an offensive against the Slavs-and you can be part of it. Find our immersive 360° film at natgeo.com/ and Qlobe to save specie vikings360. et.X Everyp e Sunday way for at a 7more p.m. sustainable on Nat Geo' p
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Discta-rnef: Bcptochxrlioo In wftoto Of part wiinout wntlen penmjSiOn a stnctiy prohibited We do ow best to fwoafcii and fact check aS article* h.>i j.,— ooti 1 to press but ore suOieci to chanfle. All op.«on» expressed by wnte»s are tNw own and not necessarily those ot National Geographic Vto tte "u'haovertenlly, All- information is correcl at the tme of nwgwm tncloding those of Ind^i. are for ffluslratrve purposes only pn-c vw oo not allow odvart.sing to mnuence our editorial choices All maps used m the Prr.Todand pobtished by Mr Anuraag AganMalonbehalf of AmarChiiraKathaPwl, Ltd f*rinted at f^ampai Technologies Ltd, Plot no 2/a Shivaiii Viii*rt« i Pfi.j'- Ltd Un.t No 201 & 202. Sumer Ptaia 2ftd Floor Marol Maroshi Road. Anchen (Easij, MurrPai - 400 059 """ago. Industrial Area. Manipai-S76l04 and Pubhshed at Amar Chitra Kaiha Ed.- ' Ms Niloufer VenkAlramon
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APRIL 2017 • VOL. 4 • NO. 9 • OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY
FRONT FEATURES
3 QUESTIONS Geoffrey Rush on playing 62 LIFE AFTER ISIS the "great part" of Einstein As Iraqi and coalition forces moved to retake Mosul in 2016. fleeing Iraqis told harrowing stories of the Islamic State's brutal reign. VISIONS By James Verini Photographs by Moises Saman
EXPLORE: WATER In the water: fish, trash, signs of stress. Out of water: people worldwide.
On the Cover From Stone Age 28 I CLIMATE CHANGE: 7 THINGS 38 I BEYOND HUMAN hunter-gatlierors to today's YOU NEED TO KNOW Are humans still evolving? Yes, under the high-toch piofiecrs. Inimans in influence of culture and technology, creasingly have taken evolution The scientific facts about threats to the into our ov^ tiands Where wilt planet and how to mitigate them. By D. T. Max Illustrations by Owen Freeman our species go nexf llluatuition by rieanuvt
Corrections and Clarifications Go to natgeo-coni/corrfctions 90 I GRASS-EATING 114 I RACING 134 I TINY RUINS MONKEYS OF ETHIOPIA THE THAW Artists' miniature tableaux A community aims to shield Alaska natives hope to depict abandoned cities habitat that geladas need. rescue ancestral artifacts gone to seed. By Craig Wctch before the sea takes them. By Jeremy Berlin Photographs by Jelfiey Kerby By A R Witliams Photographs by Lori Nix and and Trcvoi Bect^ Frost Photographs tjy Erika Larson Kathleen Gerber CONTENTS
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NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC KIDS TALKING TRASH TO HELP THE PLANET In time for Earth Day, April 22: THIS BOOK STINKS!a col orful look at the science of trash. For ages eight through 12' it covers topics from composting to clever uses of rub bish. Available at shopng.com and wherever books are sold.
TELEVISION GENIUS NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC BOOKS Genius tells the dramatic story of Albert Einstein. MEET THE PASSENGERS OF THE PHOTO ARK Starring award-winning actors Geoffrey Rush and The waxy monkey tree frog above is one of more than Emily Watson, the 10-episode series charts Einstein's 6,000 animals immortalized in portraits by photographer l?rnt !=I? ® rebellious student to a patent clerk and Joel Sartore, who is circling the globe in his quest to ® scientist who unlocked the mysteries of photograph every species in captivity. See hundreds of ^ A riniverse. The first episode is directed Sartore's colorful subjects in his new book. The Photo by Academy Award-winning Director Ron Howard Ark: One Man's Quest to Document the World's Animals, Series premieres April 26 on National Geographic and available at shopng.com or wherever books are sold. airs every Wednesday at 10 p.m.
TELEVISION AFRICA'S HUNTERS Growing up is tough - harder still if you're a lion cub struggling to find his place in the pride. Tune in to Afri ca's Hunters to learn about the predators that inhabit the continent's wilderness. Premieres April 24 at 7 p.m. on National Geographic.
NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC BOOKS TURN YOUR BAD DAY AROUND...... with 365 tales of other days that were worse. Michael NATGEO.COM VIDEO Farquhar's Bad Days in History, now in paperback, lists A DAY IN THE LIFE OF A GELADA MONKEY "an instance of bad luck, epic misfortune, or unadulterat From the high c iffs above Faci ed mayhem" for each day of the year. A grim April exam to the misty plateau of G^ss' h'° ple: On the 20th in 1889, Adolf Hitler was born. Bad Days play, search for food andexotorp th c.u "^°nkeys is available at shopng.com and wherever books are sold. innds, Soe tl.e vWoo al
u.ihe 5«.o«ty 4,c dcJu^ttWc v- .. Subscriptions For subscriptions in India call Cupyitglu C 2Ut6 NjliuiuUieoftuphic Putiim. LLC \ AM riuhi* ie»e I ilw U S UiLu>tlc| 022-49188881/2/3/4. For online subscriptions Rfgulcred Tradenurb * Marcos Rcitistrados. Nolionoi ('.coizrAniur ^ Di«claln*r Repfoductkjn In *f»l« of part wilhowt wntten is slnctty prohibited Wo do our best to rMoarth snd fact-chock all oriicles but errors ma., " OotoQ to press t>o» ve sub|«t to change AS options eipressed by writere are their own and r>ol necaasanfy ihoM el National Qaographic We do not bBm.Jr '"•Ovenently All mformaiion m ■ «,.k- i majbe. thosT^ind-e. pLopoees or^ '—nr-i- "o oo not aBow advortoeig «lki«nca «the bma ot Pftniefl ar-d puPsred h/M; Ai;in4agAt^ri«t"«it'a''«w«f '■'••^'"Chnoiodioa lw . liot no ;»/•. ahrvom vutetio . maps used «the prtvaie Lid Un.t No ?0t * 702. Sumer Piaitl JfW FlWK MdfOl W4/r>il.l flOrHl, AnOh«n itoMl IAW14J4I - 400 Oid da Man»p«i.jS7ftt04 onrt Pi.hrnNKt at Amur Chifra Katha t-'rr<1or Ms N-bHilnr Vif iSat'imian photos. JOEL SARTOflE PHOTO ARK (FROGj national geoghaphic/dusan martincei I CONTENTS MAY 2017 • VOL. 4 • NO. 10 • OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY ^^scribeq, FRONT FEATURES 5 QUESTIONS Scientist Lee Berger on WHOSE MOORS ARE THEY? Iris almost human finds 98 Scotland has lost more than 25 percent of its heather moorland since EXPLORE World War II. For what's left of this signature landscape, the future is Innovation: 3-D models, clouded by debates about class, culture, and nature. human cyberconductors By Cathy Newman,Photographs by Jim Richardson On the Cover Albert Einstein 26 I WHO IS A GENIUS? 52 I AKHENATEN ftTvoliitionizGd our understandincj Science explores wliy some exceptional King Tut s dad, and Egypt's first revolution of how tlicr universe \works More fhan 60 years after his death, minds soar above mere brilliance. ary, is still a symbol of change. we re just beginning to under By Claudia Kalb. Photographs by Paolo Woods By Peter Hessler, Photogiaphs byRena Effendi stand how minds like his work llltislr.'ition by Tomer Hnnuke 76 I THE BURNING HEART 122 I UNITED IN PROTEST Corrections and Clarifications OF AFRICA Go to i}Rtgt}0Coro/corri.'Ctionb For indigenous people, rebelling against Is failure the fate of the Central African a pipeline is also uniting nations. Republic? By Saul Elbein. By Peter Gwin, Photographs by Erika Larsen Photographs by Marcus Bleasdate PHOTO: COMPOSITE OF SIX IMAGES CONTENTS ELSEWHERE TELEVISION EINSTEIN THROUGH THE AGES. IN GENIUS ON NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC Actor-musician Johnny Flynn (far left) and Academy Award winner Geoffrey Rush both portray Albert Einstein in Genius, a 10-part series based on Walter Isaacson's ¥ acclaimed biography of the brilliant scientist. Wed 10 p.m. on National Geographic. TELEVISION UNDERWATER KILLERS Up close and personal with the fiercest predators in our oceans. Meet the sharp-toothed barracuda, piranha and other marine assassins that are masters of their craft. Premieres 1st May on Nat Geo Wild, 8 p.m. TELEVISION WATER: THE REAL STORY Water is our planet's most precious commodity, but thanks to climate change and rising population, it's a fast depleting resource. We take a closer look at local heroes who are setting an example with their efforts to preserve and consciously use water in India. Premieres on 12th May on National Geographic, Fri-Sat 10 p.m. BOOKS BEWARE OF BAD SCIENCE What happens when ideas billed NDORA as "scientific truths" are false? In Pandora's Lab:Seven Stories of Science Gone Wrong, physician Paul Offit distinguishes facts from fiction. The book is available at Sma SIMMS af Scirttcr Gone WranK shopng.com and wherever books PAUl A. OFfIT are sold. Subscriptions For subscriptions in India call (;onJnbutiom to the National Gcojiraphic Society are tax deJucltble under Section 501(c)(3)of the U.S. tax code.| Copyright 2016 National(icographic Partncn.. l.l.C j All rights rcsencd. National Geographic and Yellow Border: 022-49188881/2/3/4. For online subscriptions Kcgislcrrd TradeniarkA' Marcas Rcgisiradas. National Geographic a.<^umes no responsibility tor unsolicited materials. log on to www.getnatlonalgeographic.com maoarine usclutJing thoso o'tnd^a or® 'ot iCuotraliv# purposes only i, .i. aM p„o,„Md 0,M. •>" <^« <>' A™- Ka™ Pvl Lid PmilM »t Uamodl T=chdoloo«d Lid. Plol do 2/0, Snd,o.. Vitogd. lddd»Ul /Wo. Mor«al.57611)4 M Pol«l»d .1 Ama.C»o Kolh. Prr-afe Ltd. Unit No 201 & 202. Sunw Piaia. 2n PHOTO: DUSAN MARTINCEK, NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC I CONTENTS JUNE 2017 • VOL. 4 • NO. 11 * OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY FRONT FEATURES VISIONS CARVED BY LAVA EXPLORE Diverse comics,animal Centuries of eruptions have created hidden networks of caves under Hawaii's hacks,ocean conservation volcanoes. Below, lava flows out of one of the underground passageways into the sea. By Joshua Foer, Photographs by Carsfen Peter STARTALK Neuroscientlst and TV star Mayim Bialik on the status of women in STEM fields. On the Cover A polygraph 26 1 WHY WE LIE 48 I THE PERILS 70 1 LIFE IN THE allows its operator to compare In the age of social media, OF PALE BALANCE a person's physiological responses - such as changes separating truth from lies In Tanzania people with Climate change threatens in breathing, blood pressure, or may be harder than ever. albinism are attacked animals of the Galapagos. pulse-when telling the truth By Yudhiiit Bhattacharjee for their body parts. By Christopher Solomon versus lying. Originally introduced Photographs by Sy Susan Ager. Photographs Photographs by In 1921. these instruments may Dan IVinlers by Stephanie Srncfivr Thomas P. Peschak help mdlcale when people lie, but scientists are still exploring the question ol why people lie. 102 I TURNED 114 I A STATE N:iUanal GeoQUiphic photo HkisliuiKin 120 1 THESIDE TO STONE OF GRIEF EFFECT Corrections and Clarifications A Canadian mine yields Death rituals have become Entrepreneurs sell medi- Go 10 nalric- PHOTO: DOUO PERRINE. LAVA OCEAN TOURS X CONTENTS ELSEWHERE TELEVISION THE STORY OF GOD WITH MORGAN FREEMAN American actor Morgan Freeman Is back with a second season that takes viewers on a quest to understand the connec tions between the world's major religions. At a time of increasing religious divisions around the planet, The Story of God seeks to find common ground. Airs from June 8 on National Geographic, Thursdays 10 p.m. TELEVISION SCIENCE OF STUPID ANIMAL PARENTING This show takes spectacular and painful user-generated TO WARM THE clips and combines them with cold hard science. Using animation and slo-mo cinematography, host Manish Paul HEART explains the science behind their failures. Airs from June ' Two books full of inspir 26 on National Geographic, Monday to Wednesday 8 p.m. ing stories and portraits of animal families are the perfect way to celebrate TELEVISION Mother's Day and Fa INDIA'S MEGA KITCHENS ther's Day. The Wisdom of fvloms: Love and Indies Mega Kitchens is back with its new season, Lessons From the Animal featuring some of the grandest kitchens in the country. Kingdom and Amazing On tiTe list is Amritsar's Golden Temple and the kitchen Dads: Love and Lessons of Lijjat Papad in Mumbai that has been empowering From the Animal Kingdom women to break the shackles of poverty since 1959. This show explores how these mega kitchens work. Airs from are available wherever June 19 on National Geographic, Mondays 9 p.m. books are sold, and at slropng.com/books. Subscriptions For subscriptions in india call i:imltil.ulii>n»tolhtNjrii>nal(lt PHOTOS. 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