Final Resettlement Monitoring Report – Post Evaluation
Document stage: Final Project number: 42080 December 2016
VIE: Strengthening Water Management and Irrigation Systems Rehabilitation Project
Subproject: Nghi Xuyen Pump Station in Hung Yen province
Prepared by: The External Monitoring Agency (EMA) – Ha Long Investment and Consulting JSC. (Halcom) for the Central Project Office (CPO) under the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB).
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES m (Meter) – Is the unit of length m2 (Square meter) – A system of units used to measure areas m3 (Volume) – A system of units used to measure the spaces, that an object or substance occupies. kg (Kilogram) – A decimal unit of weight based on the gram
1 ABBREVIATIONS
ADB Asian Development Bank AH Affected household AP Affected person BHH Bac Hung Hai CPMO Central Project Management Office CPO Central Project Office CPC Commune Peoples’ Committee DARD Department of Agriculture and Rural Development DOLISA Department of Labor, Invalids and Social Assistance DCARC District Compensation, Assistance, Resettlement Committee DMS Detailed Measurement Survey DONRE Department of Natural Resources and Environment DPC District Peoples’ Committee EA Executing Agency EMA External Monitoring Agency IOL Inventory of Losses LURC Land Use Rights Certificate MOLISA Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Assistance MONRE Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment MARD Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development PPC Provincial Peoples’ Committee PMU Project management unit RF Resettlement Framework RP Resettlement Plan SES Socio-Economic Survey VND Vietnamese dong VWU Viet Nam Women’s Union WRU Water Resources University
2 This resettlement monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.
3 TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. PROJECT OVERVIEW ...... 5
1.1. Project introduction...... 5 1.2. Scope of impacts of the Subproject ...... 6 II. OBJECTIVES, METHODS AND STEPS OF POST RESETTLEMENT EVALUATION ...... 8
2.1 Site survey for post-resettlement evaluation: ...... 8 2.2. Objectives of the post resettlement evaluation ...... 8 2.3. Scope of works ...... 8 2.4. Monitoring indicators...... 8 2.5. Methodology ...... 9 III. SURVEY AND ASSESSMENT RESULTS ON RESETTLEMENT PLAN IMPLEMENTATION (RP) ...... 12
3.1 Summary of subproject impacts and RP implementation in the subproject ...... 12 3.2. Surveyed results on households’socio-economic information ...... 13 3.2.1. Household information ...... 13 3.2.2. Means of living of surveyed HHs ...... 17 3.2.3. Income and spending of households ...... 19 3.3. Evaluation on effectiveness of RP implementation ...... 21 3.3.1 Organization for RP implementation ...... 21 3.3.2. Information disclosure ...... 21 3.3.3. Detailed measurement survey (DMS) ...... 22 3.3.4. Compensation plan ...... 22 3.3.5. Payment and use of compensation and support of AHs ...... 24 3.3.6. Resettlement program for relocation AHs ...... 24 3.3.7. Grievance redress ...... 25 3.3.8. Income restoration program ...... 25 3.3.9. Issuance of certificate of land-use rights ...... 25 3.3.10. Satisfaction of AHs on RP implementation ...... 25 3.3.11. Difficulties of local government in land acquisition and resettlement ...... 26 IV. CONCLUSION AND LESSONS LEARNT ...... 26
4.1. Conclusion ...... 26 4.2. Lessons learnt ...... 27
4 I. PROJECT OVERVIEW 1.1. Project introduction 1. The Strengthening Water Management and Irrigation Systems Rehabilitation Project funded by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the French Development Agency was ratified by the Government of Vietnam in the Project Portfolio in Decision No.2272/TTg - HTQT dated November 18, 2009. The Project takes effect as of September 7, 2011 and the project loan closing date is December 31, 2016. The Project is implemented in three provinces: Bac Ninh, Hai Duong and Hung Yen. 2. The project consists of three main components: Component 1 - Construction of new campus for Water Resource University (WRU): The project will support a major portion in the first phase of establishing the new campus in Pho Hien area for the Water Resource University, comprising a well-balanced, functional mix of educational facilities sufficient for 13,400 students and dormitories for 30% - 50% of them by 2016.
Component 2 - Strengthening capacity of Bac Hung Hai (BHH) service providers: The Project will strengthen the capacity of water management organizations through out BHH area, including strengthening the capacity and establishing the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system (Collecting data and operating phasal monitoring).
Component 3 - Construction and Rehabilitation of BHH Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure: The Project will support the construction of eight new pump stations and rehabilitation of two existing pump stations for irrigation, drainage and dual purposes in the BHH system.
3. The Project consists of 11 subprojects, covering the three provinces of Hai Duong, Bac Ninh and Hung Yen of which two subprojects have no resettlement impact: My Dong Pump Station – Hai Duong province and Upgrading Vang Canal II – Bac Ninh province.
5 Table 1: Locations of 11 sub-projects
No. Subprojects
Hung Yen province Construction of Chua Tong new Pump Station - Thanh Long commune and 1. Trung Hung commune – Yen My district Construction of Lien Nghia new Pump Station - Lien Nghia commune - Van 2. Giang district Construction of Nghi Xuyen new Pump Station - Thanh Cong commune and 3. Chi Tan commune – Khoai Chau district Construction of new campus of Water Resources University - Nhat Tan 4. commune and An Vien commune - Tien Lu district Hai Duong province Construction of Doan Thuong new Pump Station - Doan Thuong commune and 5. Toan Thang commune - Gia Loc district 6. Upgrading Cau Dua Pump Station - Van To commune – Tu Ky district Construction of Co Ngua new Pump Station - Van Giang commune – Ninh Giang 7. district 8. Rehabilitating My Dong Pump Station Bac Ninh province Construction of Phu My new Pump Station - Dinh To commune - Khoai Chau 9. district Construction of Nhat Trai new Pump Station - Minh Tan commune, Trung Xa 10. commune - Luong Tai district 11. Upgrading Vang canal II – Bac Ninh province
4. This is pursuant to Decision No.395/QD-BNN-HTQT dated February 11, 2010 of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, which approves the investment in the Strengthening Water Management and Irrigation Systems Rehabilitation Project and Decision No.1396/QD-BNN-TCTL dated June 14, 2012, which approves the investment in Nghi Xuyen pump station subproject (ADB5 project). Nghi Xuyen pump station is designed with an active drainage system for 8274ha land area of the Red River Delta, covering the communes: Binh Minh, Yen Phu, Yen Hoa, Da Trach, Tan Dan, Ham Tu, An Vi, Tu Dan, Dong Ket, Ong Dinh, Binh Kieu, Lien Khe, Phung Hung, Dai Hung, Thuan Hung, Chi Tan, Thanh Cong and Khoai Chau town in Chau Giang district, Hung Yen province.
1.2. Scope of impacts of the Subproject 5. The construction of Nghi Xuyen pump station affects 344 households, including 61 severely affected households (losing ≥10% agricultural land), 279 marginally affected 6 households, 4 displaced households, 19 households of vulnerable groups. The Subproject affects 9 communes/towns, in particular, the affected households concentrate in three communes: Chi Tan, Thanh Cong and Thuan Hung (213 households). The number of affected households in the communes/towns is as follows. Table 2: General Information of households affected by the subproject
Severely Marginally Affected Displaced Vulnerable No. Communes affected affected households households households households households 1 Chi Tan 94 16 78 3 2 Thanh Cong 98 43 55 16 3 Thuan Hung 21 1 16 4 4 Tan Dan 29 1 28 5 Ong Dinh 11 0 11 6 An Vi 6 0 6 Khoai Chau 9 0 7 town 9 8 Phung Hung 54 0 54 9 Dai Hung 22 0 22 Total 344 61 279 4 19 Source: Data provided by DCARC – 3/2016 6. Impact on land: Nghi Xuyen subproject affects 175,966m2 land, including permanently acquired land: 34,557.8m2; temporarily acquired land: 141,408.2m2; residential land: 1,081m2, specifically in the following table. Table 3: Permanently and temporarily affected land area
Affected land Type of land Unit Permanently Temporarily Total Residential land m2 1,081.00 1,081.00 Agricultural land m2 31,751.18 9,516.80 41,267.98 Public land: managed by CPCs, including aquaculture land, m2 108,576.02 25,041.00 133,617.02 irrigation land, occupant land etc. Total 141,408.20 34,557.80 175,966.00 Source: Data provided by DCARC – 3/2016
Affected assets: affected assets are mainly trees and crops. There are about 7,485 mainly kinds of trees: bananas, bamboo and eucalyptus. The subproject also affects to certain assets as temporary works, courtyards, water tanks, drilled-wells, fish ponds etc. and 4 households are subject to full relocation.
7 II. OBJECTIVES, METHODS AND STEPS OF POST RESETTLEMENT EVALUATION 2.1 Site survey for post-resettlement evaluation: 7. From 19 – 26 July, 2016, the EMC Consultant carried out a site survey for Nghi Xuyen pump station in Khoai Chau district to collect data for the post resettlement evaluation.
2.2. Objectives of the post resettlement evaluation 8. Though, the subproject applied various measures to restrict adverse impacts of the subproject, certain temporary and permanent impacts on the social and environmental conditions were not avoidable in the subproject location. The objectives of this monitoring are to provide the post resettlement evaluation report with: (i) Achievement of the resettlement objectives; (ii) Changes in living standards and livelihoods; (iii) Restoration and/or improvement of socio-economic conditions of AHs; (iv) Effectiveness and sustainability of compensation and allowance packages; (v) Recommendations and lessons learnt
2.3. Scope of works 9. In the final site survey and monitoring, the EMC reviewed all activities related to the resettlement implementation process in the subproject, the compliance with the requirements in the Project Resettlement Framework (RF) and the Resettlement Plan of the Subproject (RP), including: a. Identifying any difference between the policy requirements stated in the RP and the actual implementation of the resettlement policy; b. Updating, concluding the land acquisition and resettlement of the subproject; c. Checking if any land acquisition related issue raised during the construction process; d. Inspecting and consolidating the process of issuance of certificate of land-use rights to AHs in the subproject as well as the livelihood restoration when they were acquired with the land; e. Assessing the satisfaction of AHs in the land acquisition, resettlement and compensation carried out by the Subproject; f. Monitoring at site. The post-resettlement monitoring was carried out in accordance with the survey tasks of 100% severely affected households, vulnerable households and 20% slightly affected households; g. Evaluating the grievance address process; h. Making recommendations/ solutions if any.
2.4. Monitoring indicators 10. The monitoring indicators that the EMC carried out are: i. Public consultation and awareness on resettlement policies and the entitlements of AHs;
8 ii. Coordination between resettlement and land acquisition activities and the construction progress; iii. Land acquisition and procedures for conversion of land use purpose; iv. Responsiveness to AHs in terms of the provision and RP implementation; v. Grievance redress (documentation, process, explanation and response to AHs); vi. Effectiveness and sustainability of entitlement and measures on income restoration to AHs; vii. AH’s capacity to the rehabilitation and livelihood and living standards, special attention to vulnerable AHs and severe AHs; viii. Impacts caused by land acquisition in the construction activities; ix. Participation of AHs in RP preparation, updating and implementation.
2.5. Methodology 11. Various methods of information collection were applied in this Report such as preliminary information and secondary information; qualitative and quantitative information. In the principle of monitoring and evaluation, some criteria would be considered and analyzed carefully such as efficiency, impacts, compliance and sustainability then compared the actual implementation with the plan proposed in the RP. The EMC carried out deep-interview and surveyed AHs and some project beneficiaries by questionnaires in order to obtain information and evaluate the effectiveness of the subproject as the main basis for the completion of this final report. The information collected from the site is the main source for the EMC in completing this review report. Finally, The EMC would make recommendations and future lessons learnt for the project. 12. The EMC applied both quantitative and qualitative methods for monitoring and evaluation. In addition, the EMC applied the observation and desk-review methods. In order to comply with these principles, the EMC would use, but not limit, the following sources of information and methods of information collection. a. Source of information: 13. There are two types of information collected: primary information and secondary information. The secondary information was collected from existing reports, project documents, socioeconomic development plan of the local government, etc. The primary information was collected from the site survey, group discussion, deep-interview, etc. The sources of information below was accessed by the EMC: ♦ Central Project Office (CPO), Provincial Subproject Management Unit (CPMU), social - economic reports provided by local governments in the sub-project area; ♦ District Land Acquisition, Resettlement and Compensation Committees; ♦ Commune People’s Committees; ♦ AHs.
9 14. In addition, the data and information was collected from community meetings organize by the CPMU and local governments or direct-interviews with CPMU staff. The meetings were to discuss about the RP and its implementation as well as measures to mitigate any problems incurred. b. Sample survey 15. The Subproject affects 9 communes and 1 town. The Consultant selected 3 communes: Phung Hung, Chi Tan and Thanh Cong for the final evaluation and supervision. The reason for the selection of these 3 communes is that the number of severely affected households and vulnerable households mainly concentrate in the 3 communes with 213/344 households (accounting for 61.9% of the total affected households), in which there are 61 severely affected households, 19 vulnerable households and 4 relocated households. For the rest of 6 communes/town, the PAPs are mostly slightly affected households, which are not concentrated but scattered in the communes/town. In 6 these communes/town, the Consultant performed research methods on available documents. 16. The survey sample guaranteed the representation for the affected households including the first stage (stage 1) and the stage of additional items to expand canal and power line. Besides, the survey complied with the requirements of 100% severely affected households/displaced households and 20% slightly affected households, so the number of affected/displaced households which were surveyed was 61. 17. The surveys sample included unaffected households (control households) to assess the difference between the 3 groups: severely affected households, slightly affected households and unaffected households. The unaffected households accounted for approximately 10% of all affected households in 3 communes, equivalent to 24 HHs. Data collection methods: Desk review: 18. Review documents provided by the CPO/CPMO, CPMU such as the Subproject report, RP, FS, detailed designs and other related documents. 19. Review the land acquisition, resettlement and compensation plans, grievance redress collected from the CPMU, DLARC, CPC, etc. in order to identify any pending problems related to the land acquisition, resettlement and compensation in the subproject. 20. Review other documents collected from functional administration agencies in the locality and reports prepared by the project consultants, etc. to update the status as well as the outcomes of the RP implementation. 21. Desk reviewing provided basic information on the project and reasons affecting the subproject progress, if any. In addition, this method helped collect statistic data in the subproject area. Based on the outputs obtained in this method, the EMC would prepare appropriate monitoring tools such as questionnaires, guidelines for group discussion and in-depth interview, etc. 22. Data and information collected from the CPO/PMO, CPMU, DARC, CPC, etc. The data collected was analyzed and filed as basic information for preparing the post-resettlement evaluation report.
10 Qualitative method 23. Group discussion, in-depth interview, and public consultation: The EMC obtained information from various stakeholders by doing these activities. The group discussion was carried out with the CPMU to find out advantages, difficulties and solutions in the implementation process. Besides the group discussion was applied with the representatives of local government, units and AHs as well as unaffected HHs, HH benefited from the project in order to evaluate aspects related to the entitlements of AHs. The group discussion with vulnerable groups included women (which are not supported), poor HHs, HHs entitled to social policies, and the aged in order to obtain their feedback on the subjects related to the community participation, resettlement policies, gender. Women were encouraged to participate in the consultation, group discussions. 24. Group discussion and community consultations were conducted in 03 project communes. 11 meetings for focus group discussions were conducted in the final evaluation stage. The number of households involved in the group discussions and community consultations included 12 affected households per group. Quantitative method: 25. Questionnaire – based survey: During the monitoring, this method was used as a primary tool to evaluate the resettlement contents, gender/ethnic minorities. In the final monitoring, the Consultant surveyed 128 households, including 61 severely affected households, 43 slightly affected households and 24 unaffected households. 26. A HH questionnaire includes: i) general information on household, (ii) economic condition of household, (iii) income and expenditure of household (iv) types of impact on household, (v) information on compensation and resettlement, (vi) assessment of changes in household and (vii) opinions of household for the Project. This questionnaire was used during the Consultant’s monitoring and evaluation stage. 27. As the results, the questionnaires reflect the real situations of the households’ socio- economic conditions: (1) collecting baseline information on affected households as demographic characteristics, educational attainment, income and living standards, living conditions, production conditions; (2) determining potential impacts/changes caused by the Project to the lives, incomes, living standards of affected households before and after the project is implemented (if any); (3) assessing the satisfaction/suggestions of affected households for the resettlement implementation as well as the implementation of the Project. Observation method 28. The observation method was used to complement the above information collection methods. The EMC applied this method to explore more the actual living conditions of people and on-construction works at site in order to capture the picture of living conditions and adjust if any additional information be collected from the secondary information collection or questionnaire or group discussion methods. Analyzing and reporting 29. All information collected by questionnaires and other sources was collected, analyzed and included in the final monitoring report. The information collected under the monitoring tasks
11 was analyzed and processed by various methods. The outputs of questionnaires were coded and processed by the Window-applied SPSS. 30. The EMC filed the processed data in a folder that would be used for future assessment. The ownership of this data belongs to the CPMU and would be transferred to the CPO when the EMC completes the contract. 31. The draft report and the survey results were submitted by the CPMU to the CPO and the ADB for review.
III. SURVEY AND ASSESSMENT RESULTS ON RESETTLEMENT PLAN IMPLEMENTATION (RP) 3.1 Summary of subproject impacts and RP implementation in the subproject 32. Nghi Xuyen subproject arranged the resettlement and compensation for households in 2 stages. Stage 1 affects 137 households, in which there are 59 severely affected households and 78 slightly affected households in Chi Tan and Thanh Cong communes. Next, the sub-project requires additional items (i) canal dredging and expansion and construction of canal to the pump station, which affects 3 communes (Chi Tan, Thanh Cong and Thuan Hung) ( ii) the construction item of 22KV power line for Nghi Xuyen pump station affects 8 communes and 1 town (Tan Dan commune, Phung Hung commune, Dai Hung commune, Hung Thuan commune, Thanh Cong commune, Chi Tan commune, An Vi commune, Ong Dinh commune, and Khoai Chau town). In the additional items that affect 206 households, there are 2 severely affected households, 4 displaced households and 200 slightly affected households. 33. Thus, the construction of Nghi Xuyen pump station affect 344 households, including 61 severely affected households (losing ≥10% agricultural land), 279 marginally affected households, 4 displaced households, and 19 households of vulnerable groups. The Subproject affects 9 communes/town. In particular, the affected households concentrate in three communes (Chi Tan, Thanh Cong and Thuan Hung) with 213 households. Specifically, the number of affected households in the communes/town is as follows. Table 4: General Information on subproject affected households
Severely Slightly Displaced Affected Vulnerable No. Communes affected affected household households households households households s 1 Chi Tan 94 16 78 3 2 Thanh Cong 98 43 55 16 3 Thuan Hung 21 1 16 4 4 Tan Dan 29 1 28 5 Ong Dinh 11 0 11 6 An Vi 6 0 6 7 Khoai Chau town 9 0 9 8 Phung Hung 54 0 54 9 Dai Hung 22 0 22 Total 344 61 279 4 19 Source: Data provided by DCARC – 3/2016
12 34. Impact on land: Nghi Xuyen subproject affects 175,966m2, including 141,408.2 m2 permanently acquired land, 34,557.8 m2 temporarily acquired land, and 1,081m2 residential land. The details are in the following table. Table 5: Permanently and temporarily affected land area
Affected land Types of land Unit Permanently Temporarily Total Residential land m2 1,081 1,081.00 2 Agricultural land m 31,751.18 9,516.80 41,267.98 Public land: managed by CPCs, including aquaculture land, m2 irrigation land, occupant land, etc. 108,576.02 25,041 133,617.02 34,557.80 175,966.00 Total 141,408.20 Source: Data provided by DCARC – 3/2016
35. Affected assets: affected assets are mainly trees and crops. There are about 7,485 mainly kinds of trees: bananas, bamboo and eucalyptus. The total affected area is 147,800.58m2 (paddy land, annual crops as turmeric, peanuts). The subproject also affects to certain assets as temporary works, courtyards, water tanks, drilled-wells, fish ponds etc. and 4 households are subject to full relocation.
3.2. Surveyed results on households’socio-economic information
3.2.1. Household information 36. The Consultant surveyed 128 households, including 61 severely affected/displaced households (57 severely affected households and 4 displaced households), 43 slightly affected households and 24 unaffected households (control households). Sex of householders 37. The male-headed HHs are dominant in the survey sample, in which 82% of the householders are male and 18% of the householders are female. However, there is not much difference between the three household groups relating male householders. The details are in the table as below. Table 6: Sex of householders
Affected Sex Affected < 10% >10% Unaffected Total N 40 45 20 105 Male % 87.0% 77.6% 83.3% 82.0% N 6 13 4 23 Female % 13.0% 22.4% 16.7% 18.0% N 46 58 24 128 Total % 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Age of householders:
13 38. In the survey sample, householders at the group of 46 to 65 years old account for the majority with 67.9%, then comes the group of over 65 years old with 21.1%. Only 2 households in the survey are 25-35 years old, and 36-45 years old account for approximately 9.4% of the surveyed households. Table 7: Age of householders
Affected Age of householders Affected < 10% >10% Unaffected Total N 0 0 2 2 25-35 % .0% .0% 8.3% 1.6% N 3 3 6 12 36-45 % 6.5% 5.2% 25.0% 9.4% N 15 21 5 41 46-55 % 32.6% 36.2% 20.8% 32.0% N 17 22 7 46 56-65 % 37.0% 37.9% 29.2% 35.9% N 11 12 4 27 >65 % 23.9% 20.7% 16.7% 21.1% N 46 58 24 128 Total % 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Education of householders
39. The education of the householders is dominated with the secondary school graduate, up to 57% out of the surveyed households. In particular, unaffected households with the secondary school graduate (79.2%) account for relatively higher than the affected households. The next is primary school graduate (34.1%). No households in the 3 surveyed groups graduated colleges and universities. Specifically the education attainment of 3 surveyed groups is as follows. Table 8: Education of householders
Affected Education Affected < 10% >10% Unaffected Total Primary school N 18 24 2 44 education % 39.1% 41.4% 8.3% 34.4% Secondary school N 24 30 19 73 education % 52.2% 51.7% 79.2% 57.0% Junior high school N 4 4 3 11 education % 8.7% 6.9% 12.5% 8.6% N 46 58 24 128 Total % 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Occupation of householders:
40. Most surveyed households are engaged in agriculture (95.3%), followed by a small percentage of trade and business (2.3%), which is mainly in the affected household group. Specifically the current occupation of the households is as follows.
14 Table 9: Occupation of householders:
Affected Occupation Affected < 10% >10% Unaffected Total Government N 0 1 0 1 staff % .0% 1.7% .0% .8% Small trade, N 1 2 0 3 business % 2.2% 3.4% .0% 2.3% N 44 54 24 122 Agriculture % 95.7% 93.1% 100.0% 95.3% Retirement, N 0 1 0 1 incapacity, housewives % .0% 1.7% .0% .8% Employed, N 1 0 0 1 freelance workers % 2.2% .0% .0% .8% N 46 58 24 128 Total % 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
41. It is clear that agriculture remains main occupation and income in the households today. Through the group discussions and in-depth interviews, the Consultant know that the particularities of the 3 communes is the income from agriculture. However, there is the relative difference among the communes. In Chi Tan commune turmeric is the main local crop. Although, 2 communes, Thanh Cong and Trung Hung are adjacent to Chi Tan commune but the soil in the 2 communes is inappropriate for turmeric which have lower yields than Chi Tan commune. Turmeric price in the 2 communes is always lower than turmeric price in Chi Tan commune. Many Chi Tan households established turmeric starch factories and their products are widely present in the market. 42. Also in the opinions of the People’s Committees of 3 communes, in the area many private and small companies are doing businesses such as in carpentry, wood trading, turmeric starch production but their attraction to local labor force is insignificant. Industrial parks and garment factories attract significant local labor. They usually connect to the commune government for recruitment of tailors and labor for industrial zones and many families let their sons and girls work for them. Garment factories concentrate in the district or in Pho Noi industrial zone. On average, each commune currently has about 200-300 employees working in garment factories and industrial parks. Demography and labor 43. The average demographical number in the survey in each household is 4.6 people/household. In particular, households affected <10% and unaffected households have the same demographic number of 4.3 people/household. This rate is lower than the households affected >10% (4.9 people/household), which is fairly high. Specifically the demographical number of the affected households and unaffected households is as follows.
15
Table 10: The demographical number of the affected households and unaffected households
Affected < Affected People/household Unaffected Total 10% >10% N 0 3 0 3 1 person % .0% 5.2% .0% 2.3% N 8 5 3 16 2 people % 17.4% 8.6% 12.5% 12.5% N 10 4 0 14 3 people % 21.7% 6.9% .0% 10.9% N 7 10 13 30 4 people % 15.2% 17.2% 54.2% 23.4% N 8 13 4 25 5 people % 17.4% 22.4% 16.7% 19.5% N 8 12 4 24 6 people % 17.4% 20.7% 16.7% 18.8% N 3 6 0 9 7 people % 6.5% 10.3% .0% 7.0% N 2 5 0 7 8 people % 4.3% 8.6% .0% 5.5% N 46 58 24 128 Total % 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
44. In the survey of 128 households, the average number of labor of 3 groups is approximately 2.84 people/household. In particular, in Chi Tan makes rather high rate with 3.5 people/household, Thanh Cong and Trung Hung occupy 2.6 to 2.7 respectively. The number of surveyed households have 1 employee and no employee are rare at present. The details are in the following table. Table 11: The current number of household labor
Number of Affected < Affected workers/households 10% >10% Unaffected Total N 0 3 0 3 0 person % .0% 5.2% .0% 2.3% N 6 6 2 14 1 person % 13.0% 10.3% 8.3% 10.9% N 15 13 8 36 2 people % 32.6% 22.4% 33.3% 28.1% 3 people N 12 15 10 37
16 % 26.1% 25.9% 41.7% 28.9% N 9 15 4 28 4 people % 19.6% 25.9% 16.7% 21.9% N 2 4 0 6 5 people % 4.3% 6.9% .0% 4.7% N 2 2 0 4 6 people % 4.3% 3.4% .0% 3.1% N 46 58 24 128 Total % 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 3.2.2. Means of living of surveyed HHs Facilities/assets of HHs 45. In today's modern life, the living means of the households not only meet their daily needs but also are increasing modernly and comfortably. The survey results show that the number of households’ means of living is quite rich and diversified. Essential assets in households almost appear as televisions, telephones, refrigerators etc. 98.4% of the surveyed households have televisions, 94.5% have telephones and 93% have refrigerators. Number of households having motorcycles also relatively many (80.5%). The trend shows that the affected households’ tend to purchase more expensive assets, chasing the urban lifestyle, than the unaffected households. The assets to be listed here must be automobiles, computers, and air conditioners. The detailed are in the following table. Table 12: Current assets of households
Affected < Affected Assets 10% >10% Unaffected Total N 46 56 24 126 Television % 100.0% 96.6% 100.0% 98.4% N 46 54 24 124 VDV player % 100.0% 93.1% 100.0% 96.9% N 35 51 17 103 Radio % 76.1% 87.9% 70.8% 80.5% N 44 53 24 121 Motorcycle % 95.7% 91.4% 100.0% 94.5% N 46 57 24 127 Telephone % 100.0% 98.3% 100.0% 99.2% N 40 55 24 119 Fridge % 87.0% 94.8% 100.0% 93.0% Sideboard > 1 N 18 17 16 51 million % 39.1% 29.3% 66.7% 39.8% N 2 2 5 9 Computers % 4.3% 3.4% 20.8% 7.0%
17 N 5 4 3 12 Air conditioners % 10.9% 6.9% 12.5% 9.4% N 17 20 16 53 Heaters % 37.0% 34.5% 66.7% 41.4% Automobile/farm N 3 0 0 3 vehicles % 6.5% .0% .0% 2.3%
46. In addition to the facilities to serve their daily activities, the households equip their kitchens. Many use gas instead of firewood and coal in their former stoves. People are more interested in cooking utensils, foods, wearing. Most households now are using electric cookers to cook rice. In particular, to ensure clean water for drinking and cooking, many households equip water filters to filter their well-water before cooking because they think their water source filtered via sand and other equipment is not clean enough. The number of households using water filters represents 60-70% of the households, which means people's lives are better off and in addition to caring for daily needs, they have better living quality and equip themselves with modern appliances and facilities to serve their daily lives. Types of houses 47. As observed by surveyors, all households have permanent houses. One-storey houses are mostly made of concrete roofs, brick walls, tiled floors. Grade-4 houses have tiled floors, brick walls and tiled roofs also. Among the surveyed HHs, HHs having 4-grade houses and 2-storey houses are still dominate with 50.8% and 22.7% respectively in 128 surveyed households. However, there is not difference in the surveyed household groups. The details are as below. Table13: Types of houses
Affected < Affected House grades 10% >10% Unaffected Total N 26 29 10 65 Grade-4 % 56.5% 50.0% 41.7% 50.8% N 10 14 6 30 1-storey % 21.7% 24.1% 25.0% 23.4% N 8 15 6 29 2-storey % 17.4% 25.9% 25.0% 22.7% N 2 0 2 4 > 2 storey % 4.3% .0% 8.3% 3.1% N 46 58 24 128 Total % 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
48. The economic conditions of the affected HHs are being improved, so people tend to choose more modern, solid and beautiful houses. In recent years, 1-storey houses or 2-storey houses with flat-concreted roofs are built more. Houses are also split from kitchens, bathrooms or toilets. The houses the surveyed HHs are living were built on legal land with certificates of
18 land-use rights and convenient to transportation, healthcare, education and most houses were built on long- standing residential land. Water sources and water quality 49. There are three main water sources in the surveyed households: drilled-well water accounts for about 93%, rain-water accounts for 6% use and dug-well water accounts for 1%. On average, the households in the survey assess the well-water quality "good" is not many; 98.1% of the households using well-water assess it “average” and about 50% assess rainwater “well”. Household hygiene facility 50. According to the survey results, no households currently use fertilizer for crops. All households have flush toilets. However, when consulting local authorities, we learn that a small part of the population here (<10%) is still using fertilizers for plants, especially turmeric.
3.2.3. Income and spending of households 51. The survey results from 128 households show that their income is about 9.2 MVND/HH/month and the income of unaffected households is about 8 MVND/HH/month, lower than the households affected >10% (9.4 MVND/HH/month) and the households affected <10% (9.6 MVND/HH/month). However, when considering the income/person/household of 3 household groups, we found no difference: households affected <10% have income of 2.2 MVND/person/month, households affected >10% have income of 1.9 MVND/HH/month and unaffected households have income of 1.9 MVND/person/month. Thus, the average income/person/year in the surveyed households is about 24 MVND, of which the household group affected <10% is about 26 MVND/person/year, the household group affected >10% is about 23 MVND/person/year, and unaffected households is 23 MVND/person/year. This income is lower than the average of the local authorities’ reports in 3 communes, ranging 25 to 32 MVND/person/year. When comparing the income of 3 surveyed communes, we found that: Chi Tan (10.7 MVND/HH/month) higher than Thanh Cong (9.2 MVND/HH/month) and Thuan Hung (7.7 MVND/HH/month). Table 14: Income and poverty rate before and after the project Commune Averaged income per capital Poverty rate Thanh Cong commune Before the project 17,500,000 10.1 After the project 22,000,000 7.8 Thuan Hung commune Before the project N/A N/A After the project 32,000,000 0.2 Chi Tan commune Before the project 15.400.000 7.0 After the project 34,500,000 6.7
52. In general, the monthly spending of the surveyed households accounts for 80% of their income. The saving money after each spending/household/month is about 2 MVND/HH/month, in which the household group affected <10% spends 2.2 million households, the household group affected >10% spends 1.9 MVND/HH/month and the unaffected household group spends
19 1.9 MVND/HH/month. In particular the income and spending of the three household groups are as follows. Table 15: Income and spending of households
Demogra Spendin Income/hou Spend Spending Income/ phic g/househ sehold/mon ing/In /person/ person/ Types of impacts number old/mont th come month month /househo h ld 4.3 7865 9615 81.8 1816 2221 Affected < Mean 10% N 46 46 46 Mean 4.9 7459 9434 79.1 1522 1925 Affected >10% N 58 58 58 Mean 4.3 6454 7979 80.9 1519 1877 Unaffected N 24 24 24 Mean 4.6 7416 9227 80.4 1623 2019 Total N 128 128 128
53. According to the survey, the average monthly spending per household is about 7.4 MVND/HH/month. The unaffected household spends 6.5 MVND/HH/month, lower than the households affected >10% (7.5 MVND/HH/month) and the households affected <10% (7.9 MVND/HH/month). The families use a wide variety of products, facilities and services to meet their needs such as food, housing, clothing, transportation, parenting, healthcare, entertainment, etc. The expenditures of the households are divided into two groups: spending for food (food, drinks, cigarettes etc.); other spending except food (wearing, housing, electricity, health care, education, entertainment etc.). The most common expense is buying food, children's learning and the production expense is ranked No.3 only in the household spending structure. Table 16: Sources of income before and after the project implementation Before the project After the project Main sources of income implementation implementation N % N % Agricultural production 92 86.2 89 85.9 Salary 1 1.1 1 0.8 Subsidize 0 0 1 0.8 Extra works 6 5.5 7 7.0 Income from small 5 3.7 6 5.5 businesses
54. The occupations of the affected households and their income sources are not corresponding to each other. The survey shows that most households said that their family job is agriculture. However, the current agricultural work does not bring much effect for the
20 households’ income, so most of them actively seek other sources of income for their families. 45.2% have income from wages their sons and daughters and other family members work outside, followed by 28% of the affected households responded that their main source of income comes from small trading and some households have income from savings, grants from their extra works. 3.3. Evaluation on effectiveness of RP implementation 55. Generally, people living in the subproject area fully support the subproject implementation. The local people as well as the local authorities are aware of the practical benefits the subproject brings in and are pleased with the project outcomes. 3.3.1 Organization for RP implementation 56. The land acquisition, resettlement and compensation was carried out by the CPMU in cooperation with Khoai Chau Board of Land Acquisition, Resettlement and Compensation (DLARC). Khoai Chau District People’s Committee also set up a working team that helped Khoai Chau DARC carry out the land acquisition and resettlement tasks. 57. Most DLARC staff and other members are experienced in implementing land acquisition, resettlement and compensation tasks for local funded projects so that the land acquisition, resettlement and compensation was quite smoothly and in compliance with the Government’s regulations and the ADB’s policy. The grievance redress to AHs’ questions and complaints was quickly and in right procedures. Conclusion: the DLARC capacity and the organization for RP implementation meet the requirements on the land acquisition, resettlement and compensation of the Subproject. 3.3.2. Information disclosure 58. It can be said that the disclosure of the project information is a very important step in the process of land acquisition, resettlement and compensation. The project information, brief of proposed benefits and impacts, entitlements to AHs would be disclosed properly to people would have positive affects on the awareness of the subproject area. 59. Understanding the importance of this step, the CPMU coordinated closely with the local government in the subproject area to carry out systematically and fully the procedures of the subproject information disclosure as it was planned and proposed in RP. When the project was started, the CPMU coordinated with Khoai Chau DLARC to carry out the plan to disseminate the project information to AHs, such as meeting with AHs to inform and consult them the decision of land acquisition, DMS plan, distributing declaration slips, informing schedule of DMS to every AH. 60. The information disclosure was regulated by the CPMU and the DLARC. The information disseminated to the AHs included: the scope of the subproject, benefits, policy on land acquisition, resettlement and compensation, mechanism for grievance redress, etc. 61. The information channels: The community meetings to announce the project information; the consultation meetings of the Consultant; the documents listed in the CPC; the specialized staff of the CPMU and the DLARC. 62. According to the consultation results with the affected households, 100% of them attended the meetings for information dissemination. They are aware of the project policies and their questions were answered.
21 63. The consultations with the affected households suggest that the households are aware of the project information through three most popular channels: local governments are mainly (97.5%), village meetings (89.2%), information disseminated by project staff (80.3%). 64. 86.8% of the affected households answered that through the above media channels they already knew the project policy and their entittlements. They said the compensation was publicly transparent: "They pay all for every one, people focused on the CPC’s office to take compensation money. Money was counted at the table, no one was mis-counted" (In-depth- interview – affected women in Thuan Hung commune). 65. Conclusion: The communication and information disclosure of the Subproject is quite satisfactory. There is certain room for improvement of the information disclosure to AHs in the information channels, the prequency of communication in order to have more AHs involved and aware more of the project impacts, effects and policies. 3.3.3. Detailed measurement survey (DMS) 66. The affection on land and assets by the Strengthening Water Management and Irrigation Systems Rehabilitation Project is not significant. For Nghi Xuyen Pump Station Subproject, the DMS was carried out in the close cooperation between the DLARC, CPMU, local government and AHs. 67. In the DMS process, participants to the DLARC are representatives of the CPMU, CPCs, village headers, AHs and representatives of households engaged in the DMS. The DMS committee reviewed, checked the declarations with actual survey assets and counted and corrected assets to be affected on site, and the record of assets to be affected were signed by all DMS participants. As assessed by the AHs, the DMS committee had done quite well and responsibly. Impacts caused by construction activities during the construction period were also taken into account and measured further for the AHs. 68. It can be said that the participation of the affected households in the project DMS, surveying and information dissemination etc. was very closely. 100% of the affected households in the survey said that they were informed previously the measurement time of their assets and engaged in measuring, counting their assets as well as reviewed and signed in the tally records. They all said that they were aware of the statements of assets of their households and the compensation amount for each affected item. "Measuring, counting were informed to households and we were involved in the implementation. After the measurement, the households saw the detailed list of their families’ assets. Any one who have question was supported and measured again their assets but I found no one was mismeasured. They counted our assets fully (In-depth interview – a man in Chi Tan commune). Conclusion: According to the surveyed AHs, their representatives participated in the DMS, measurement of their affected assets. After the DMS, all AHs received the DMS records for checking. Then, all AHs signed on the DMS records to verify the DMS results and sent it to the DLARC. 3.3.4. Compensation plan 69. The legal framework and the legal basis for implementing the land acquisition, resettlement and compensation is the Project Resettlement Framework (RF) approved by the ADB, which was formulated on the basis of the legal documents of the Government of Vietnam
22 and Bac Ninh province on land management and administration, land acquisition, compensation and support to AHs of whom the land is acquired for the public interests and other relevant policies of ADB on involuntary resettlement. 70. The Resettlement Plan of this Subproject was prepared based on the Project Resettlement Framework and the Inventory of Loss in 2011. During the project implementation, the Resettlement Plan was updated by the CPMU with the assistance of the Resettlement Consultant in July 2012 incorporated with the DMS and the compensation unit prices as required by the RF. The Updated RP was approved by the ADB on August 1, 2012 and the updated resettlement plan for the additional items was approved by the ADB in April 2016 as a basis for the implementation of the compensation and support with the total compensation amount of VND 28,427,888,000 for the AHs by the Sub-project. 71. In the periodical monitoring stages, the EMC coordinated with the local authorities in the Subproject area and the AH representatives to carry out site surveys to collect information at site. Comparing the market prices with the unit prices applied for compensating AHs indicated that the compensation unit prices for land, crops and trees were equal to the compensation unit prices issued by the Province, the unit prices applied in RP and also were responsive to the ADB’s policy. The compensation plan was prepared by Khoai Chau DLARC and posted at the CPC offices in 20 days as regulated. Responding to the interview, the AHs said they did not have any complaint about the compensation, support and site clearance plan. 72. By the site visit in the post-resettlement monitoring and evaluation mission for preparing the final report, there was no further land acquisition required in the Subproject, so no additional compensation plan would be needed. However, the construction of the additional works caused certain impacts to the local people, such as cracking on structures or some crops affected by dump site. 100% of the survey households said they currently had no written grievances/complaints about the Project: "My family got all money. Taking money means that I agree with what was measured, calculated for my family. Till now, I do not have any lawsuits and complaints” (In-depth interview, a woman in Thanh Cong commune). 73. Conclusion: The RP preparation, updating and implementation has been well carried out in the subproject. Though, no further updated RP is required currently but the additional impacts imposed on AHs should be continuously monitored and taken into consideration and compensation or supports be delivered to the eligible AHs in compliance with the RPF. Lessons learnt
74. Nghi Xuyen Pump Station Subproject complied with the procedures for preparing and updating land acquisition, compensation and resettlement plan, support and compensation policy for affected people. This facilitated the compensation quickly and effectively, made AHs concurred and satisfied with the process of the land acquisition, resettlement and compensation in the cause of the Project implementation. 75. The close supervision and monitoring and information disclosure should be carried out continuously during the subproject implementation. The construction process should also be supervised and monitored closely in order to avoid and eliminate any further impacts to AHs during the construction process. Any impacts incurred should be documented and included in the compensation and support plan timely.
23 3.3.5. Payment and use of compensation and support of AHs 76. By the time the Consultant carried out the final site survey for the post-resettlement monitoring mission, the payment of compensation and allowances for the households affected by the construction of Nghi Xuyen pump station was completed long ago (in November 2012) and in April 2016 for the households affected by the additional item with the total amount of VND 28,427,888,000. 77. The payment was made by the district Treasure to AHs at the CPC offices. The AHs was informed of the payment 4-7 days in advance and the compensation payment was done before the construction started. 78. In the final monitoring and evaluation, the surveyed AHs indicated that they was informed of the time of payment, received the payment and signed to confirm on the papers. The payment procedures were carried out smoothly and conveniently to them. The CPMU and the DLARC coordinated with the CPCs to deliver AHs’ entitlement in their place. 79. The households use the compensation and support money in different purposes but spent mostly on savings (56%), followed by 35% for business investment, small business, home upgrading (34.6%), investment in education children (27.9% of households), buying household appliances (14.6%), and land purchase (8.7%). 80. Conclusion: The compensation payment was carried out publicly and transparently. The AHs received all the compensation and allowances, kept receipts and had no complaints. Any futher impacts caused on AHs caused by the construction activities should be documented and compensated to AHs timely in accordance with the PRF. 81. There was no land donation in the subproject area. The surveyed AHs informed that their land and assets was measured carefully and the resettlement plan, compensation and allowances were made to them. The compensation and allowance payment was made before the civil works started. 3.3.6. Resettlement program for relocation AHs 82. The subproject has 4 affected households in Thuan Hung commune which move houses. 4 households are affected by the additional item of the dredging, expansion and construction works on the canal leading water to the pump station. In 4 relocaiton households, there are neither poor households nor policy/vulnerable households. The local government allocated resettlement land for them. These households have been building houses. 83. The Consultant conducted the questionnaire survey and interviewed 4 households which are subject to the project relocation and resettlement. 4 households are commenting that they are pleased with the project, in the compensation and support items. The new place in the same village they are living is not far away from their previous houses at about 150m with the convenient way. The land area in the new place was provided for them in full. The households satisfied with the new location where they are relocated to. 84. It was observed that the key infrastructures had been being set up in the site, houses built, electricity temporarily connected. People have to move in, regardless certain paper works need fufil. It would be understandable that certain procedures would need time to complete, such as erection and connection to the electric gridline or issuance of the land-use of rights.
24 3.3.7. Grievance redress 85. In the regular monitoring missions, the EMC reported in detailed people’s questions or complaints which they were solved satisfactorily. By the post-resettlement monitoring mission, there was no written complaint received in the subproject area. Certain verable questions were raised related to the resettlement process related to the issuance of the land-use rights or job training. However, these are noted and reported to the relevant authorities to handle in accordance with the formal regulations. 86. The grievance redress was carried out in line with the grievance redress prescribed in the Subproject RP approved. 3.3.8. Income restoration program 87. It was noted in the final monitoring mission that the Subproject completed well the compensation payment to AHs in compliance with the resettlement policies presented in RP. 88. In Nghi Xuyen Pump Station Subproject, there is no need for a separate income restoration program. All AHs received full compensation and allowances as regulated in the approved RP. Most AHs who received the compensation from the project allocated and spent this money on necessary expenditures of their families. Some AHs expressed that they’d wish to participate in certain job training courses though they did not want to previously. Taking into account the actual fact, EMC noted AHs’ needs and would recommend CPMU assisting them in registering into job training courses or other activities such as agricultural extension programs available in their residing area in order to help them improve their life. 89. For the households affected by the additional item and the items which were constructed previously, when being consulted, they were very supportive to the Project because it serves the community's common goals. The project impact does not make them worse off but makes their lives would be better after the work completes. "I think this is a good project, good for people. So my family’s losing land is to serve the common purpose of the state. Losing land makes us difficult but we can overcome and we cannot be worse off. Later, when the works complete, our people do not worry about lack of water for irrigation and our crop yields will increase”. (Group discussion - a man in Thanh Cong commune). 3.3.9. Issuance of certificate of land-use rights 90. Previously, the agricultural land to be revoked is land type-03 and people could only use land but were not granted with red books. Besides, the communes in Hung Yen province are implementing the "Widen land, change plots" Program in accordance with the state policy, on the one hand, Hung Yen province is implementing "Vietnam Land Administration Project (called as VLAP Project)" from 2008 to 2013 which is carried out in 09 provinces and cities (Hanoi, Hung Yen, Thai Binh, Quang Ngai, Binh Dinh, Khanh Hoa, Tien Giang, Ben Tre, Vinh Long), on the other hand. The Project is financed by the World Bank and the Embassy of New Zealand for the purpose of reforming administrative procedures in land management in Vietnam. It is expected by end of 2020 Hung Yen people will be granted with new land-use right certificates. 3.3.10. Satisfaction of AHs on RP implementation 91. The HHs affected by the Subproject’s construction received all compensation and allowances and are satisfied with the resettlement policy executed in the Subproject, including
25 (i) information disclosure; (ii) information of DMS schedule; (iii) unit prices for compensation and allowances, and (iv) grievance redress mechanism. 92. All surveyed HHs are satisfied with the compensation, allowances and supports and have no complaints during the subproject implementation process. Though, some of AHs are not quite pleased with the ‘slow’ process on handling the compensation or supports for additional impacts incurred in the construction process or the completion of the resettlement area for relocation AHs. 93. In general, the affected households appreciate the benefits the Subproject will bring in the near future such as: It will increase income for people engaged in agriculture, bring better living environment, and the irrigation will be more convenient for people than the previous years. However, most households in the survey desired the Subproject would go into operation soon. 3.3.11. Difficulties of local government in land acquisition and resettlement 94. In the implementation process, the CPMU and local government encountered certain difficulties that affected the construction progress a bit as well as the support to AHs’ living stabilization like the land management system had not yet completed, many AHs were lacked of necessary documents so it took quite a long time to check and verify the facts and it might also result in certain questions from AHs. 95. However, with the close coordination and good cooperation of the project stakeholders, the land acquisition, resettlement and compensation of the Subproject was completed in line with the schedule and the requirements.
IV. CONCLUSION AND LESSONS LEARNT
4.1. Conclusion 96. As it is noted in the final monitoring mission, the land acquisition, resettlement and compensation of the Subproject completed and the AHs resettled their lives. During the construction process, no additional impacts related to land acquisition incurred. The Subproject was completed and brought into operation in rain season in 2016 and has been working well. 97. The CPMU and the DLARC carried out the land acquisition, resettlement and compensation in compliance with the procedures and requirements specified in the RP and also of the regulations of the Government and of the Province. The information disclosure, DMS, compensation payment, etc. were participated and observed by the AH representatives and other related agencies. The queries and complaints of AHs raised in the inventory of loss, DMS and RP preparation were solved by the CPMU, the DLARC and the competent agencies on time. 98. The internal monitoring was adequately carried out by the CPMU. The internal monitoring reports were documented with sufficient information and reflected the RP implementation progress as well as problems to be solved. The data on land acquisition, resettlement and compensation was kept at the DLARC and the CPMU’s offices in hard copies and electronic copies for management and reporting. In such cooperation, the land acquisition, resettlement and compensation for the Subproject was carried out accurately, objectively and smoothly.
26 99. The CPMU, Khoai Chau DLARC, CPCs well cooperated and carried out the land acquisition, resettlement and compensation process for the construction subproject of Nghi Xuyen pump station. All people living in the subproject area support the subproject. Their livelihood and living conditions have been stable and developed in the commune trend of the people in the commune.
4.2. Lessons learnt 100. The compliance with the procedures, process and resettlement policy of the project as well as the timely allocation of budget for compensation and allowances to AHs from the central budget facilitates the quick and good performance of the land acquisition, entitlement delivery to AHs, so as facilitates the construction of the subproject to be carried out in line with the schedule. 101. The DMS on affected assets is an activity that acquires high accuracy in the land acquisition process. The DMS information is the baseline data for calculating the compensation and allowance for each AH. Therefore, any mismeasurement in DMS process would make the calculation on compensation and allowance wrong, and this in turn would result in complaining from AHs later. The fact proves that the better DMS process is the faster and better progress of the land acquisition and compensation. 102. The information disclosure an the grievance redress mechanism for AHs’ complaints and grievances is an indispensable stage in the project implementation process. Providing sufficient information about the project as well as the entitlements of AHs in the land acquisition, resettlement and compensation as well as the grievance redress mechanism would facilitate HHs more positively and actively in participating in the project implementation process. Further detailed information and more frequency of the information disclosure should be maintained throughout the project implementation process, pre-, during-, and after-implementation of the subproject in order to enable all people be aware and understand the project better. 103. The compensation and allowance, especially the preparation of the resettlement area, should be carried out as in advance as possible in any construction project. Any additional impacts that might incure during the construction process should be supervised, monitored and consulted with people as soon as possible and then any eligible impacts should be documented and updated in RP in order to have them compensated to AHs at the soonest, taking the fact that the updating process takes longer time to complete compared with the on-going construction activities. The whole process should be monitored closely as required.
27 APPENDIX.
Appendix 1: Summary of affected quantity and compensation amount of Nghi Xuyen subproject
Compensation amount AHs Acquired land area (m2) (1000 VND) AHS losing >10% of Total Relocation agricultural Vulnerable Permanently Temporarily Paid AHs AHs land households acquired acquired Total amount
344 4 61 19 141,408.20 34,557.80 28,427,888 28,427,888
28
Appendix 2: Form of socio-economic survey
Form of Socio-economic Survey
On-site Survey
Code
Types of Affection: £1 < 10%, others £2 >10% £3 Proof :
The Strengthening Water Management and Irrigation Systems Rehabilitation Project is funded by ADB and French Development Organization and approved by the Government in the Decision No. 2272/TTg – HTQT dated 18/11/2009. This project is effective on 07/09/2011 and closed on 31/12/2016. It is implemented in three provinces: Bac Ninh, Hai Duong and Hung Yen, in Hong River’s Delta.
Purpose of the survey: to determine the socio-economic conditions of AHs and capacity to recover their living conditions before and after the resettlement.
We are appreciated for your participation.
IDENTIFICATION
Date: ______
Village:______Commune:______
District:______Province: ______
Surveyor:______
I. GENERAL INFORMATION OF THE HOUSEHOLD
1. Name of the respondent: ...... Age: ...... Gender: Male£1 Female£2 Education Level:...... Occupation: ...... Relationship with the Householder: ...... 2. Name of the householder: ...... Age: ...... Gender: Male£1 Female£2 Education Level:...... Occupation: ...... Address: ......
29 3. Number of people living in the house...... In which: Male: ...... people Female: ...... people People who are working with income: ...... people
4. Does your family belong to any of these types? (may choose more than one option) No. Types Yes No 1. Contribution to the past Revolution, political HH 2. HH with female owners 3. HH with less than 2 people 4. HH with the elderly 5. HH with the disabled 6. Poor HH with certificate from local authority
7. Pro-poor HH with certificate from local authority 8. HH with children less than 14 years old 9. Others
II. SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF THE HOUSEHOLD 5. Please tell us whether your households have these types of equipment? Equipments 1. Yes Equipments 1. Yes
2. No 2. No 1. Television 7. Expensive wardrobe (> 1 MVND) 2. DVD or Video player 8. Computer 3. Radio/cassette 9. Air conditioner 4. Motorbike 10. Hot/cold water 5. Telephone/Handphone 11. Car 6. Refrigerator 12. Expensive agricultural machines (>1 MVND) 13. Others:......
6. Types of houses: Which types of houses? (Observation of the houses) 1. Temporary house 4. 2-storey house 2. 4th-level house 5. More than 2-storey house 3. 1-storey house 6. Others 7. Type of water source and water quality that the household is using:
30 Water source Water quality Good Average Polluted Heavily polluted Others 1. Rainwater
2. Digging well water
3. Hole well water
4. Public tap water
5. Bought water
6. Tap water
7. Lake/ pond/ river
8. Others
8. Types of toilets:
1- Constructed latrines 3- Closed auxiliary toilets 5- None
2- Temporary latrines 4- Others:
III. INCOME AND EXPENDITURE 9. Estimation of monthly spending (equivalent to cash) in 01 month? Total: ______millions VND (MVND) Estimation of monthly household spending) 1. Food:______VND 2. Health:______VND 3. Education:______VND 4. Production:______VND 5. Funeral/ Wedding:______VNĐ 6. Purchasing:______VNĐ 7. Others:______VND 10. Estimation of total monthly income from all family members (agricultural production, salary, trading and services...)? Total income: ______millions VND Surveyor: If the respondent cannot tell the specific number on the total income, we can ask their estimation. 11. Has your household been malnourished for two years? 31 1. Yes ‰ to 11.1 2. No ‰ to 12 11.1. If yes, the duration is: 1. 1-2months 2. 2-3 months 3. >3 months 12. Surveyor observed and assessed the level of the household, in comparison with other households 1. Poor 2. Average 3. Better-off IV. TYPES OF IMPACTS 13. Types of impacts (might have more than one option) 1. Loss of land 2. Loss of agricultural land (percentage (%) of land lost: ...... ) 3. Loss of houses and other structures 4. Loss of State-owned constructions 5. Loss of services, business 6. Affected living facilities 7. Other losses (specify):……………………………………………………… 14. Do you have other assets in other places which are not affected by the project?
1. Yes ‰ to 15.1 2. No ‰ to 16
If yes, please specify:
No. Types of assets 1= Yes 2= No
1 Agricultural land
2 Ponds
3 Residential land
4 Trading
5 Forestry
6 Others:
15. If you have unaffected houses in other places, please specify?
Village: ………………… Commune: ………………………….. District: …………………
Distance to affected areas: …………………………………………………
16. Did you voluntarily relocate? 1. Yes ‰ move to C 16.1 2. No ‰ move to C 17 If yes: Type of land-use ………………………………… Area: …………….. V. COMPENSATION AND RESETTLEMENT
32 17. Did you know information about the project? 1. Yes ‰ move to 17.1 2. No ‰ move to 18 17.1. If yes, please specify the source of information? 1.Flyers 6. Officials 2. Notice Board 7. Project staff 3. Communication means (newspaper...) 8. Commune/ Village Meeting 4. Other sources (specify): …………….. 9. Not remember 5. Not know 18. Did you know the policy and your benefits? 1. Yes ‰ move to C 18.1 2. No ‰ move to C 19 18.1. If No, because of: 1. Unclear information dissemination 3. Do not anyone to ask 2. Do not care 4. Others 19. How did you use the compensation paid for your land acquired? 1- Build or repair house 2- Buy land 3- Buy home applicants, specifiy; …….. 4- Do business 5- Deposit at bank as savings 6- Invest in education 7. Others, specify:__ _ _ 20. Do you have any alternative income sources after your land was acquired/ busiess affected? 1. Yes ‰ move to C 20.1 2. No ‰ move to C 21 21.1 If yes, specify what option (s) you have below: 1. Buy new land for production 3. Do handicraft 2. Do business 4. Do other job 5. Others, please specify: ......
21. Do you involve in, know about the information below? Nr. Contents 1. Yes 2. No 1 Being informed in advance about the DMS time of your HH? 2 Participated in measuring, couting your assets to be affected? 3 DMS results on your land, assets are correct?
33 Nr. Contents 1. Yes 2. No
4 Reading and signing on your DMS record? 5 Keeping 1 copy of calculations on compensation amount you’re your assets affected?
6 Being consulted about options for compensation? (e.g. discussing about ‘in cash compensation’ option, or land-for-land option, house-for-land option, etc.)
7 Reading the calculation of compensation record?
22. Any missing in your assets counted? 1. Yes ‰ move to C 22.1 2. No ‰ move to C 23 22.1. If yes, what are they?...... 23. Did you receive any amount of compensation? 1. Yes ‰ move to C 23.1 2. Not yet ‰ move to C 24 23.1 If yes, it is the compensation for …. 1 Compensation for land 2. Compensation for assets 3. Other compensation (for crops, trees) 4. Not remember 24. When did you receive your compensation? 1. Before construction 2. During construction 3. After construction 25. Did your HH receive any types of allowances/ assistance below? 1. Allowance for land lost 2. Allowance for crops/trees 3. Allowance for bussiness lost 4. Job training assistance 5. Allowance for transporting salvaged materials for relocation 6. Yes, entittled but not yet received 7. No allowance move to C 27 8. Employment support 9. Others (specifiy)………………………………………………………………. 10. Not remember 11. Not know 26. Are you satisfied with the compensation rate? 1. Yes ‰ move to C 28 2. No ‰ move to C 27.1 27.1. If no, why? ......
34 27. Have you received any support from local government in stablizing your life? (Question for relocation AHs or AHs losing >10% of agricultural land or income generation only) 1. Training new jobs 2. Finding new employment 3. Supporting with credit for production 4. Other supports 5. No support 6. Not remember 7. Not know 28. Difficulties that your HH are facing with? 1. No difficulty 5. No land for production, do business 2. Lack of employment 6. Children not go to school 3. Lack of fund for business 7. Lack of food 4. Lack of labor 8. No house/living place 9. Other specify
VI. EVALUATION ON CHANGES (Used for regular evaluation and final evaluation monitoring) 29. Has your job changed before and after the Project? 1. Yes ‰ move to C 29.1 2. No ‰ move to C 30 29.1. If yes, what is that job? Occuption? …………………………………………………………………………………… 30. How has your living standards changed in comparision with the pre-project? 1. Better 2. No change 3. Worse 4. little difficul 30.1. If more difficult, why? ...... ______
31. Are you pleased with your present livelihood? 1. Pleased 2. Quite pleased 3. Not pleased
32. What is your main income source presently? 1. Salary/wage 2. Allowance 3. Overtime working 4. Small business 5. Other income source
33. What was your main income sources before your AH was affected by the Project?
1. Salary/wage 2. Allowance 3. Overtime working 4. Small business 5. Other income source
35 34. How is your present HH income? 1. Increased 2. No changed 3. Reduced
35. Did you have any question, complaint when the Project has been being implemented? 1. Yes ‰ move to C 35.1 2. No 35.1. If yes, what is it about? (specify) ...... 35.2. Has your problem solved up yet? 1. Yes 2. Not yet How long the time your problem solved up......
Questions following are for relocation AHs only 36. Are you pleased with your new living place/ new house? 1. Pleased 2. Quite pleased 3. Not pleased If not pleased or Quite pleased, why? ...... 37. Are you pleased with your current income gained?
1. Pleased 2. Quite pleased 3. Not pleased
38. Are you pleased with your present livelihood? 1. Pleased 2. Quite pleased 3. Not pleased
39. Are you pleased with the transport conditions in your new living place? 1. Pleased 2. Quite pleased 3. Not pleased 40. Are you pleased with schooling conditions at primary and secondary education near your new living place?
1. Pleased 2. Quite pleased 3. Not pleased
41. Are you pleased with health facilities in your new living place? 1. Pleased 2. Quite pleased 3. Not pleased 42. Are you pleased with the social relationship with your new neighbours?
1. Pleased 2. Quite pleased 3. Not pleased
43. Are you pleased with environment and hygiene conditions in your new living place? 1. Pleased 2. Quite pleased 3. Not pleased 44. What are your main income sources presently? 1. Salary/wage 2. Allowance 3. Overtime working
36 4. Small trade/business 5. Others
45. What were your main income sources of your HH before being relocated?
1. Salary/wage 2. Allowance 3. Overtime working 4. Small trade/business 5. Others
46. How is your HH income gained? 1. Increased 2. No change 3. Reduced 47. Do you have any complaint? 1. Yes ‰ move to C 47.1 2. No 47.1. If yes, is your problem solved up? 1. Yes, done 2. Not yet How long it took to solve up your problem......
VII. YOUR FAMILY’S OPINIONS TO THE PROJECT 1. The Project improves environment and habitat for people 2. The Project provides convenient irrigation for people 3. The Project will help increase sources of income for people when its construction ends 4. The Project does not benefit at all 5. The Project makes people’s lives/incomes reduced 6. Other opinions (please specify): ......
37 Appendix 3: Main discussions in the group discussion
No. Content Answer 1 Update on local socio- 1) Chi Tan commune: There are 05 villages with economic situation over 1,850 households and 5,860 people. The multi-dimensional poor household rate is for 6.7%, single-dimensional poor household rate is 2.2%. The main occupation is still agriculture, accounting for 70-80%, people mainly plant saffron. In the commune, there are small-scale private furniture establishments which attract negligible local workers. The per capita income in Chi Tan commune in 2015 is 34.5 million VND/person/year. The main water source is drilling well-water, in addition to rainwater. The number of households using septic toilet is about 80%. 2) Thanh Cong commune: There are 04 villages with 1,700 households and 7,100 people. There are 134 poor households in the whole commune (7.8%). The main source of income is from agriculture and services. There are several small production establishments in the commune. The per capita income is 22 million VND/person/year (2015). 3) In the whole commune, septic toilets account for about 90%. The main source of water is drilling well-water, and the households also use rain water for cooking and drinking. 4) Thuan Hung commune: There are 5 villages with 2,370 households and 9,300 people. The poverty rate is 0.2%. The average income per capita in 2015 is 32 million VND/person/year. The main income is from agriculture (60%), the rest is from trading. There are no business establishments in the commune. People in Thuan Hung commune are using clean water from the water supply plant of Hung Yen Department of Agriculture and Rural Development. The percentage of households using septic toilet is 90%, the rest is semi-septic toilet. 2 The compensation and The compensation and support for the households support for building the who lost land for the pumping station was pumping station completed. The affected households received compensation and had no comments or complaints. However, in Chi Tan commune, some households
38 losing their land permanently said that the compensation is small because they gain 20 million VND/year for planting saffron on such land. 3 Impact of building Plant Chi Tan commune: Some households living near on local people the subproject works claim that their houses was cracked because of the impact of the construction of the pumping station, they claimed with the management unit but have not been resolved. Therefore, it is requested that the PMU and the concerned parties hire the expertise unit in assessment and appraisal to have compensation plan for them. The crops on the arable land of 07 households outside the discharge pit are affected. The temporary acquisition land is planned to be returned to the people on 30/6/2016 but it is not levelled -> the commune authorities requested the construction unit to level, dislodge the land before returning it to people and make landmarks for the commune management. Thanh Cong commune: The process of construction of suction tank obstructs water drainage of canal KT 56, flooding crops. The Commune People's Committee has made comments to the PMU and the District People's Committee by submitting the Proposal No.05/UBND but they has not resolved. Regarding the land borrowed in Stage 2 (6 months more), the households have not received compensation money for this extra land borrowing. Thuan Hung commune: 05 resettlement households delivered land for building the pumping station, 02 of them have built houses in new residential area. Their desire is that the Commune People's Committee supply electricity lines and water pipes for them in their resettlement area because the current electricity is temporarily hung on timbers and there are no clean water pipelines here. 4 The benefits that the Plant The pumping station has not been put into brings to the local people operation but people are very excited because there is a pumping station here, they hope it arrive soon, which will make good for irrigation, promote the agricultural production for local people.
39 Appendix 4: List of officials met and consulted Subproject: Nghi Xuyen Pump Station Chi Tan&Thanh Cong cummune, Khoai Chau district, Hung Yen province 22th July, 2016
No Fullname Position Address 1 Nguyễn Thị Vui Chủ tịch UBND xã Chi Tan commune 2 Nguyễn Xuân Ninh Cán bộ địa chính Chi Tan commune 3 Đỗ Bá Cường Trưởng thôn Chi Tan commune 4 Nguyễn Thị Lan CT Hội Phụ nữ Chi Tan commune 5 Lê Minh Tuấn AH Chi Tan commune 6 Lê Minh Trường AH Chi Tan commune 7 Trần Văn Côn AH Chi Tan commune 8 Lê Thị Lụa AH Chi Tan commune 9 Lê Xuân Mùa AH Chi Tan commune 10 Trần Văn Kha AH Chi Tan commune 11 Nguyễn Thị Thủy AH Chi Tan commune 12 Bùi Xuân Ngọc AH Chi Tan commune 13 Nguyễn Thị Lượng AH Chi Tan commune 14 Bùi Văn Ty AH Chi Tan commune 15 Nguyễn Văn Tài AH Chi Tan commune 16 Phan Thị Nga AH Chi Tan commune 17 Nguyễn Thị Thắm AH Chi Tan commune 18 Nguyễn Thị Miến AH Chi Tan commune 19 Nguyễn Văn Nam AH Chi Tan commune 20 Nguyễn Thị Thơi AH Chi Tan commune 21 Nguyễn Đình Phú AH Chi Tan commune 22 Nguyễn Thị Nguyệt AH Chi Tan commune 23 Phạm Thị Ánh AH Chi Tan commune 24 Phạm Thị Sinh AH Chi Tan commune 25 Nguyễn Thị Mãi AH Chi Tan commune 26 Lê Thị Liễu AH Chi Tan commune 27 Chu Văn Ngoan AH Chi Tan commune 28 Nguyễn Hữu Long AH Chi Tan commune 29 Trần Văn Sơn AH Chi Tan commune 30 Nguyễn Trọng Oai AH Chi Tan commune 31 Nguyễn Thị Tư AH Chi Tan commune 32 Chu Văn Trung AH Chi Tan commune 33 Lê Văn Nghị Phó CT UBND xã Thanh Cong commune 34 Lê Mạnh Hùng CB địa chính Thanh Cong commune 35 Lê Mạnh Hiếu CB địa chính Thanh Cong commune 36 Cao Thị Quế CT Hội Phụ nữ Thanh Cong commune 37 Lê Văn Dương AH Thanh Cong commune 38 Đỗ Văn Đức AH Thanh Cong commune
40 39 Lê Văn Minh AH Thanh Cong commune 40 Đỗ Văn Thôn AH Thanh Cong commune 41 Trần Văn Tính AH Thanh Cong commune 42 Lê Thanh Nghị AH Thanh Cong commune 43 Lê Thị Hằng AH Thanh Cong commune 44 Trần Xuân Tàu AH Thanh Cong commune 45 Đỗ Văn Vội AH Thanh Cong commune 46 Đỗ Văn Vương AH Thanh Cong commune 47 Đỗ Văn Tình AH Thanh Cong commune 48 Phaạm Văn Liệu AH Thanh Cong commune 49 Nguyễn Văn Cần AH Thanh Cong commune 50 Nguyễn Thị Gấp AH Thanh Cong commune 51 Lê Thị Kha AH Thanh Cong commune 52 Nguyễn Văn Thắng AH Thanh Cong commune 53 Nguyễn Văn Thiệp AH Thanh Cong commune 54 Đỗ Văn Minh AH Thanh Cong commune 55 Lê Văn Chấn AH Thanh Cong commune 56 Đỗ Văn Dũng AH Thanh Cong commune 57 Đỗ Văn Vũ AH Thanh Cong commune 58 Đỗ Văn Hào AH Thanh Cong commune 59 Đỗ Văn Đông AH Thanh Cong commune 60 Đỗ Văn Khu AH Thanh Cong commune 61 Đỗ Thị Du AH Thanh Cong commune 62 Lê Thị Lương AH Thanh Cong commune 63 Đặng Quang Đầy AH Thanh Cong commune 64 Lê Thị Phấn AH Thanh Cong commune 65 Đặng Thị Bền AH Thanh Cong commune 66 Nguyễn Thị Phương AH Thanh Cong commune 67 Đỗ Văn Thịnh AH Thanh Cong commune 68 Lê Thị Vin AH Thanh Cong commune 69 Nguyễn Thị Nhuệ AH Thanh Cong commune 70 Đỗ Thị Nụ AH Thanh Cong commune 71 Phạm Văn Toản AH Thanh Cong commune 72 Nguyễn Văn Hoàn AH Thanh Cong commune 73 Nguyễn Thị Lăng AH Thanh Cong commune 74 Phạm Văn Thụ AH Thanh Cong commune 75 Nguyễn Văn Tú AH Thanh Cong commune 76 Lê Thị Nguồn AH Thanh Cong commune 77 Nguyễn Quang Cảnh AH Thanh Cong commune 78 Đỗ Quang Cảo AH Thanh Cong commune 79 Nguyễn Thị Thiếm AH Thanh Cong commune 80 Đỗ Văn Hướng AH Thanh Cong commune 81 Lê Văn Sơn AH Thanh Cong commune 82 Trần Văn Thi AH Thanh Cong commune
41 83 Trần Thị Sóng AH Thanh Cong commune 84 Đỗ Văn Bồ AH Thanh Cong commune 85 Đỗ Văn Chung AH Thanh Cong commune 86 Đặng Văn Lợi AH Thanh Cong commune 87 Nguyễn Duy Hiển AH Thanh Cong commune 88 Nguyễn Văn Hưng AH Thanh Cong commune 89 Nguyễn VĂn Huề AH Thanh Cong commune 90 Nguyễn Văn Quý AH Thanh Cong commune 91 Vũ Văn Điểm AH Thanh Cong commune 92 Lê Văn Minh AH Thanh Cong commune 93 Lê Văn Lực AH Thanh Cong commune 94 Nguyễn Văn Hưởng AH Thanh Cong commune 95 Lò Văn Vượng AH Thanh Cong commune 96 Lê Văn Chuyển AH Thanh Cong commune 97 Lê Văn Vinh AH Thanh Cong commune 98 Nguyễn Thị Hòa AH Thanh Cong commune 99 Đào Xuân Huy Phó CT UBND xã Thuan Hung commune 100 Nguyễn Văn Hoan Trưởng thôn Thuan Hung commune 101 Nguyễn Năng Thành AH Thuan Hung commune 102 Nguyễn Thị Hoa AH Thuan Hung commune 103 Chu Minh Đức AH Thuan Hung commune 104 Đào Đức Dung AH Thuan Hung commune 105 Đào Đức Hợi AH Thuan Hung commune 106 Lê Xuân Kháng AH Thuan Hung commune 107 Vũ Đức Nhung AH Thuan Hung commune 108 Vũ Đức Hải AH Thuan Hung commune 109 Nguyễn Phú Sình AH Thuan Hung commune 110 Vũ Văn Tắc AH Thuan Hung commune 111 Vũ Văn Lạc AH Thuan Hung commune 112 Đào Đức Hùng AH Thuan Hung commune 113 Nguyễn Phú Sơn AH Thuan Hung commune 114 Vũ Đức Sáu AH Thuan Hung commune 115 Vũ Văn Quang AH Thuan Hung commune 116 Lê Văn Thiện AH Thuan Hung commune 117 Lê Văn Chíu AH Thuan Hung commune 118 Vũ Đức Lĩnh AH Thuan Hung commune 119 Chu Văn Thắng AH Thuan Hung commune 120 Lê Văn Kiểm AH Thuan Hung commune 121 Nguyễn Phú Tự AH Thuan Hung commune 122 Nguyễn Phú Tân AH Thuan Hung commune 123 Vũ Đức Long AH Thuan Hung commune 124 Vũ Thị Yên AH Thuan Hung commune 125 Vũ Văn Sáu AH Thuan Hung commune 126 Nguyễn Thị Thước AH Thuan Hung commune
42 127 Vũ Đức Thanh AH Thuan Hung commune 128 Lê Văn Tú AH Thuan Hung commune
43 Appendix 5: Main discussions in the group discussion
44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51
52 Appendix 6: List of people met and consulted
Consultation of commune’s leader Nghi Xuyen Pump Station
Consultation of Ahs AH built new house on Thuan Hung commune
53