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Drainage Network Development in the Keanakāko'i
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 117, E08009, doi:10.1029/2012JE004074, 2012 Drainage network development in the Keanakāko‘i tephra, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i: Implications for fluvial erosion and valley network formation on early Mars Robert A. Craddock,1 Alan D. Howard,2 Rossman P. Irwin III,1 Stephen Tooth,3 Rebecca M. E. Williams,4 and Pao-Shin Chu5 Received 1 March 2012; revised 11 June 2012; accepted 4 July 2012; published 22 August 2012. [1] A number of studies have attempted to characterize Martian valley and channel networks. To date, however, little attention has been paid to the role of lithology, which could influence the rate of incision, morphology, and hydrology as well as the characteristics of transported materials. Here, we present an analysis of the physical and hydrologic characteristics of drainage networks (gullies and channels) that have incised the Keanakāko‘i tephra, a basaltic pyroclastic deposit that occurs mainly in the summit area of Kīlauea Volcano and in the adjoining Ka‘ū Desert, Hawai‘i. The Keanakāko‘i tephra is up to 10 m meters thick and largely devoid of vegetation, making it a good analog for the Martian surface. Although the scales are different, the Keanakāko‘i drainage networks suggest that several typical morphologic characteristics of Martian valley networks may be controlled by lithology in combination with ephemeral flood characteristics. Many gully headwalls and knickpoints within the drainage networks are amphitheater shaped, which results from strong-over-weak stratigraphy. Beds of fine ash, commonly bearing accretionary lapilli (pisolites), are more resistant to erosion than the interbedded, coarser weakly consolidated and friable tephra layers. -
Reps & Radio: Best Venues Q&A: WMN's Kristen
October 30, 2017, Issue 574 Q&A: WMN’s Kristen Williams A year ago last month, Warner Music Nashville Chairman/ CEO John Esposito promoted Kristen Williams to SVP of the label group’s renamed Radio & Streaming department. Country Aircheck sat down with her to discuss both transitions, the recent departure of Chris Palm- er and more. CA: Now that you’re a year in, does it feel less like drinking from a fire hose? KW: Much less, though there are days like that. Looking back I didn’t realize how quickly a year would go. I have an amazing team who Kristen are helping me learn as we go. [VP/Streaming] Williams Tim Foisset has welcomed this change with open arms, recognizing there were a lot of technical things I didn’t know. He has had a lot of patience as we’ve built this together. Shut It Down: Cumulus’ Greg Frey (c) helps Arista’s Faith Hill Was there any part of adjusting to this role that sur- and Tim McGraw close out the final show of the Soul2Soul prised you? Tour 2017 in Brooklyn Friday (10/27). By “helps” we I wasn’t prepared for the number of phone calls and emails mean “showed up backstage” not, you know, “showed up from artist managers and teams wanting to get together to talk onstage.” Thankfully. about the impact of the new structure, integration of areas and new opportunities it could create. In all cases, it was very wel- Reps & Radio: Best Venues come, but that process took some time. -
Pacing Early Mars Fluvial Activity at Aeolis Dorsa: Implications for Mars
1 Pacing Early Mars fluvial activity at Aeolis Dorsa: Implications for Mars 2 Science Laboratory observations at Gale Crater and Aeolis Mons 3 4 Edwin S. Kitea ([email protected]), Antoine Lucasa, Caleb I. Fassettb 5 a Caltech, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, CA 91125 6 b Mount Holyoke College, Department of Astronomy, South Hadley, MA 01075 7 8 Abstract: The impactor flux early in Mars history was much higher than today, so sedimentary 9 sequences include many buried craters. In combination with models for the impactor flux, 10 observations of the number of buried craters can constrain sedimentation rates. Using the 11 frequency of crater-river interactions, we find net sedimentation rate ≲20-300 μm/yr at Aeolis 12 Dorsa. This sets a lower bound of 1-15 Myr on the total interval spanned by fluvial activity 13 around the Noachian-Hesperian transition. We predict that Gale Crater’s mound (Aeolis Mons) 14 took at least 10-100 Myr to accumulate, which is testable by the Mars Science Laboratory. 15 16 1. Introduction. 17 On Mars, many craters are embedded within sedimentary sequences, leading to the 18 recognition that the planet’s geological history is recorded in “cratered volumes”, rather than 19 just cratered surfaces (Edgett and Malin, 2002). For a given impact flux, the density of craters 20 interbedded within a geologic unit is inversely proportional to the deposition rate of that 21 geologic unit (Smith et al. 2008). To use embedded-crater statistics to constrain deposition 22 rate, it is necessary to distinguish the population of interbedded craters from a (usually much 23 more numerous) population of craters formed during and after exhumation. -
Student Profile 2018-2019
VISITMUSICCITY.COM NASHVILLE WAS NAMED ONE OF THE TOP TEN STUDENT DESTINATIONS IN 2018 BY SYTA. LEARN (Student Youth and Travel Organization, April 2018) Adventure Science Center Experience Nashville Tours The Parthenon adventuresci.org experiencenashvilletours.com parthenon.org Andrew Jackson’s Hermitage Echoes of Nashville Walking Tours The Upper Room Chapel & Museum thehermitage.com echoesofnashville.com upperroom.org Belle Meade Plantation Frist Art Museum United Street Tours bellemeadeplantation.com fristartmuseum.org unitedstreettours.com Belmont Mansion Hatch Show Print belmontmansion.com hatchshowprint.org Group recording with Meghan Linsey on Nashville Studio Tour Bicentennial Capitol Mall State Park Historic Travellers Rest tnstateparks.com travellersrestplantation.org Chaffin’s Barn Theatre Lane Motor Museum dinnertheatre.com lanemotormuseum.org Cheekwood Estate and Gardens Plaza Mariachi Music City cheekwood.org plazamariachi.com NEW Frist Art Museum Chocolate classes at the Goo Goo Cluster Shop and Dessert Bar googoo.com Student group recordings at historic Sound Stage Studios with Imagine Recordings PLAY imaginerecordings.com Adventureworks Live variety show featuring 60 years of Nashville music at The Music of Nashville adventureworks.com themusicofnashville.com Amazing Scavenger Hunt Adventure Interactive workshop with The Voice runner-up Meghan Linsey on the new Nashville Studio Tour urbanadventurequest.com nashvillestudiotour.com Dave & Buster’s daveandbusters.com/Nashville New two-floor, 137,000 square foot Tennessee -
FROM WET PLANET to RED PLANET Current and Future Exploration Is Shaping Our Understanding of How the Climate of Mars Changed
FROM WET PLANET TO RED PLANET Current and future exploration is shaping our understanding of how the climate of Mars changed. Joel Davis deciphers the planet’s ancient, drying climate 14 DECEMBER 2020 | WWW.GEOLSOC.ORG.UK/GEOSCIENTIST WWW.GEOLSOC.ORG.UK/GEOSCIENTIST | DECEMBER 2020 | 15 FEATURE GEOSCIENTIST t has been an exciting year for Mars exploration. 2020 saw three spacecraft launches to the Red Planet, each by diff erent space agencies—NASA, the Chinese INational Space Administration, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) Space Agency. NASA’s latest rover, Perseverance, is the fi rst step in a decade-long campaign for the eventual return of samples from Mars, which has the potential to truly transform our understanding of the still scientifi cally elusive Red Planet. On this side of the Atlantic, UK, European and Russian scientists are also getting ready for the launch of the European Space Agency (ESA) and Roscosmos Rosalind Franklin rover mission in 2022. The last 20 years have been a golden era for Mars exploration, with ever increasing amounts of data being returned from a variety of landed and orbital spacecraft. Such data help planetary geologists like me to unravel the complicated yet fascinating history of our celestial neighbour. As planetary geologists, we can apply our understanding of Earth to decipher the geological history of Mars, which is key to guiding future exploration. But why is planetary exploration so focused on Mars in particular? Until recently, the mantra of Mars exploration has been to follow the water, which has played an important role in shaping the surface of Mars. -
1 Nine 7 Days of Lonely 10,000 Maniacs More Than This
1 NINE 7 DAYS OF LONELY 10,000 MANIACS MORE THAN THIS 10,000 MANIACS BECAUSE THE NIGHT 10,000 MANIACS TROUBLE ME 10,000 MANIACS THESE ARE THE DAYS 100 PROOF AGED IN SOUL SOMEBODY'S BEEN SLEEPING 10CC 10CC 10CC I'M NOT IN LOVE 10CC THE THINGS WE DO FOR LOVE 112 IT'S OVER NOW 112 YOU ALREADY KNOW 112 ONLY YOU 112 DANCE WITH ME 112 CUPID 112 COME SEE ME 112 PEACHES AND CREAM 112 AND LUDACRIS HOT AND WET 112 AND SUPER CAT NA NA NA 12 GAUGE DUNKIE BUTT 1910 FRUIT GUM CO. 1, 2, 3, REDLIGHT 2 CHAINZ AND DRAKE NO LIE 2 CHAINZ AND KENDRICK LAMAR ASAP ROCKY DRAKEFUCKING PROBLEMS 2 LIVE CREW DO WAH DIDDY 2 LIVE CREW ME SO HORNY 2 LIVE CREW WE WANT SOME PUSSY! 2 PAC DEAR MAMA 2 PAC CHANGES 2 PAC THUGZ MANSION 2 PAC HOW DO YOU WANT IT 2 PAC CALIFORNIA LOVE 20 FINGERS SHORT DICK MAN 3 OH 3 AND KATY PERRY STARSTRUKK 30 SECONDS TO MARS THE KILL 311 CREATURES (FOR A WHILE) 311 AMBER 311 YOU WOULDN'T BELIEVE 311 ALL MIXED UP 311 DON'T TREAD ON ME 311 DOWN 311 LOVE SONG 38 SPECIAL CAUGHT UP IN YOU 38 SPECIAL WILD EYED SOUTHERN BOYS 38 SPECIAL ROCKIN' ONTO THE NIGHT 38 SPECIAL HOLD ON LOOSELY 38 SPECIAL IF I'D BEEN THE ONE 3OH3 DON'T TRUST ME 3RD STRIKE NO LIGHT 3T ANYTHING 3T TEASE ME 4 P.M. SUKIYAKI 4 P.M. LAY DOWN YOUR LOVE 4 RUNNER CAIN'S BLOOD 4 RUNNER THAT WAS HIM 5 STAIRSTEPS OOH CHILD 50 CENT HUSTLER'S AMBITION 50 CENT CANDY SHOP 50 CENT PIGGY BANK 50 CENT WHAT UP GANGSTA 50 CENT BEST FRIEND 50 CENT PIMP 50 CENT WANKSTA 50 CENT DISCO INFERNO 50 CENT IN DA CLUB 50 CENT AND EMINEM PATIENTLY WAITING 50 CENT AND MOBB DEEP OUTTA CONTROL 50 CENT AND NATE -
A Noachian/Hesperian Hiatus and Erosive Reactivation of Martian Valley Networks
Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVI (2005) 2221.pdf A NOACHIAN/HESPERIAN HIATUS AND EROSIVE REACTIVATION OF MARTIAN VALLEY NETWORKS. R. P. Irwin III1,2, T. A. Maxwell1, A. D. Howard2, R. A. Craddock1, and J. M. Moore3, 1Center for Earth and Planetary Studies, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution, MRC 315, 6th St. and Inde- pendence Ave. SW, Washington DC 20013-7012, [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. 2Dept. of Environmental Sciences, P.O. Box 400123, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, [email protected]. 3NASA Ames Research Center, MS 245-3 Moffett Field, CA 94035-1000, [email protected]. Introduction: Despite new evidence for persistent rary in degraded craters of the southern equatorial lati- flow and sedimentation on early Mars [1−3], it remains tudes. All of these deposits likely formed during the unclear whether valley networks were active over long last stage of valley network activity, which appears to geologic timescales (105−108 yr), or if flows were per- have declined rapidly. sistent only during multiple discrete episodes [4] of Gale crater: Gale crater is an important strati- moderate (≈104 yr) to short (<10 yr) duration [5]. Un- graphic marker between discrete episodes of valley derstanding the long-term stability/variability of valley network activity. Gale retains most of the characteris- network hydrology would provide an important control tics of a fresh impact crater [15]: a rough ejecta blan- on paleoclimate and groundwater models. Here we ket, raised rim, hummocky interior walls, secondary describe geologic evidence for a hiatus in highland crater chains, and a (partially buried) central peak valley network activity while the fretted terrain (Figure 2). -
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WildhorseSALOON.COM PRIVATE EVENT & MENU OPTIONS Contact: Group Inquiries Event Space Options / Contents Website: WildhorseSaloon.com/catering-special-events The Wildhorse Saloon is located on 1,800. For intimate gatherings, THIRD FLOOR the banks of the Cumberland River, consider our private dining area on The third floor is our gaming area TABLE OF CONTENTS where floating barges had a brisk the second floor, the Riverview Room, featuring scrabble boards, shuffle trade in crops and cattle until the age or our spacious third floor for a more board, soft furniture and one bar with Event Space Options ........ 2 of interstate highways. In an effort contemporary flair. Groups over 1,800 seating arrangements. Operational Policies ........ 3 to revitalize the once robust Second can utilize Nashville’s Riverfront Park, PRIVATE MEETING/ DINING SPACE Lunch Buffets ............... 4 Avenue, this three-level historic located immediately behind the The Riverview Room is located on warehouse was turned into a 66,000 Wildhorse Saloon. the second floor with views of the Cold Appetizers ............ 5 square foot country music dance hall, Once you have confirmed a date with Cumberland River and Nissan Stadium. Hot Appetizers ............. 6 dining club, concert theater and TV us, we will send a confirmation letter This room is a private dining or production site. for you to sign and return to hold the meeting space with its own bar that Stations .................... 7 The murals on the second floor space for you. Thank you for choosing can accommodate up to 80 dinner BBQ Dinner Buffets ......... 8 create a scene of wild horses bursting to spend your time with us! Kick up guests or 135 reception guests. -
Ross Irwin's CV
Rossman Philip Irwin III Smithsonian Institution, National Air and Space Museum Center for Earth and Planetary Studies, MRC 315, Independence Ave. at 6th St. SW, Washington DC 20013 (p) 202.633.3632 (f) 202.633.4225 (e) [email protected] https://airandspace.si.edu/people/staff/ross-irwin EMPLOYMENT 2012–pres. & Smithsonian Institution, National Air and Space Museum, Washington, DC 2001-2010 CEPS Chair: 2019–pres. Geologist: Research on Martian and terrestrial desert geomorphology and paleohydrology, 2012–pres. Geologist: Pre- and post-doctoral research, 2001–2010. 2010–2012 Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, AZ Research Scientist: Fluvial geomorphology of early Mars and Titan, planetary geologic mapping, landing site characterization, and field studies of Mars-analog landforms. Visiting Scientist: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. 1999-2001 Science Applications International Corporation, McLean, VA GIS Analyst: Web design, technical editing, and GIS support for VMap1 Coproducer Working Group (National Imagery and Mapping Agency client). University of Virginia Department of Environmental Sciences, Charlottesville, VA 2001 Teaching Assistant: Orphaned Lands Assessment (abandoned mineral mines and quarries) 1997-1999 Teaching Assistant: GIS, Physical Geology, Rocks and Minerals, Structural Geology Labs 1998-1999 Research Assistant: Viking spacecraft image processing and photomosaics 1997-1998 Southern Environmental Law Center, Charlottesville, VA Intern: research on non-point source pollution, environmental effects of suburban -
Minimal Atmospheric Loss During Valley Network Formation Despite Lack of a Global Magnetic Field on Mars
42nd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (2011) 2495.pdf MINIMAL ATMOSPHERIC LOSS DURING VALLEY NETWORK FORMATION DESPITE LACK OF A GLOBAL MAGNETIC FIELD ON MARS. K. P. Lawrence1, S. H. Brecht2, S. A. Ledvina3, C. Paty4, C. L. John- son5,6, 1Stanford University (450 Serra Mall, Stanford, California 94305, [email protected]), 2Bay Area Re- search Corp. (55 Loma Vista Dr., Orinda, CA 94563), 3University of California, Berkeley (Space Sciences Lab., 7 Gauss Way Berkeley, CA 94720), 4Georgia Institute of Technology (311 Ferst Drive Atlanta, GA 30332), 5University of British Columbia (6339 Stores Road, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z4). 6Planetary Science Institute (1700 East Fort Lowell, Suite 106, Tucson, AZ, 85719-2395) Introduction: There are many indications that the [1]. Using stratigraphic and crater retention ages of environment of present day Mars differs significantly drainage basins, several studies have estimated the from that of ancient Mars. The existence of mid/late period of valley network formation to be between 3.9 Noachian valley networks [1,2] and extensive erosion and 3.6 Ga [e.g 2,7]. It is apparent that valley network in the late Noachian [e.g. 3] require at least intermittent formation terminated by the Early Hesperian and that periods during which martian climatic conditions were the last large impact basins (Hellas, Argyre, and Isidis) more clement than present. The apparent delay be- precede the end of valley network formation by several tween the cessation of a global magnetic field, evi- hundred million years. denced by the the lack of observable remanent mag- Tharsis. Crustal magnetic field data indicate that much of Tharsis lacks magnetism, suggesting cessation netic anomalies over large impact basins such as Hel- of the dynamo prior to or contemporaneous with its las and Argyre [4], and the time period showing evi- formation [8]. -
Valley Formation on Early Mars by Subglacial and Fluvial Erosion
ARTICLES https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-020-0618-x Valley formation on early Mars by subglacial and fluvial erosion Anna Grau Galofre! !1,2 ✉ , A. Mark Jellinek1 and Gordon R. Osinski! !3,4 The southern highlands of Mars are dissected by hundreds of valley networks, which are evidence that water once sculpted the surface. Characterizing the mechanisms of valley incision may constrain early Mars climate and the search for ancient life. Previous interpretations of the geological record require precipitation and surface water runoff to form the valley networks, in contradiction with climate simulations that predict a cold, icy ancient Mars. Here we present a global comparative study of val- ley network morphometry, using a principal-component-based analysis with physical models of fluvial, groundwater sapping and glacial and subglacial erosion. We found that valley formation involved all these processes, but that subglacial and fluvial erosion are the predominant mechanisms. This is supported by predictions from models of steady-state erosion and geomor- phological comparisons to terrestrial analogues. The inference of subglacial channels among the valley networks supports the presence of ice sheets that covered the southern highlands during the time of valley network emplacement. alley networks are ancient (3.9–3.5 billion years ago (Ga)) angle between tributaries and main stem (γ), (2) streamline fractal 1–4 systems of tributaries with widely varying morphologies dimension (Df), (3) maximum network stream order (Sn), (4) width Vpredominately incised on the southern hemisphere high- of first-order tributaries (λ), (5) length-to-width aspect ratio (R) lands of Mars (Fig. 1). -
Countrybreakout Chart Covering Secondary Radio Since 2002
COUNTRYBREAKOUT CHART COVERING SECONDARY RADIO SINCE 2002 Thursday, November 2, 2017 NEWS CHART ACTION Kelsea Ballerini Announces New Tour, Celebrates New On The Chart —Debuting This Week Artist/song/label—chart pos. New Album With Hometown Crowd Andy Ross/Playing In The Mud/Buck Shot Records — 78 Runaway June/Wild West/Wheelhouse Records — 79 Greatest Spin Increase Artist/song/label—Spin Increase Chris Lane feat. Tori Kelly/Take Back Home Girl/Big Loud — 188 Russell Dickerson/Yours/Triple Tigers Records — 181 Jon Pardi/She Ain't In It/Capitol Nashville — 176 Brad Paisley/Heaven South/Arista Nashville — 175 Brett Young/Like I Loved You/BMLG — 166 Tim McGraw & Faith Hill/The Rest Of Our Life/Arista Nashville — 165 Devin Dawson/All On Me/Warner Bros. — 152 Old Dominion/Written In The Sand/RCA Nashville — 152 Midland/Make A Little/Big Machine — 144 Most Added Artist/song/label—No. of Adds Chris Lane feat. Tori Kelly/Take Back Home Girl/Big Loud — 17 Brad Paisley/Heaven South/Arista Nashville — 12 Kelsea Ballerini is kicking off 2018 with the just-announced Jon Pardi/She Ain't In It/Capitol Nashville — 9 Unapologetically Tour, which will launch Feb. 8 in Birmingham, Alabama. Stephanie Quayle/Selish/Rebel Engine — 8 Ballerini will be joined by Walker Hayes on the dates. On Oct. 28, the Tim McGraw & Faith Hill/The Rest Of Our Life/Arista Nashville — 8 Tennessee Department of Tourist Development teamed up Ballerini for a Shenandoah/Noise/BMG — 7 one-of-a-kind album celebration in her hometown of Knoxville. To read Jason Pritchett/Heaven/Dynamite Music Group — 7 the full article, click here.