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ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS COMPENDIUM for Namibia GOVERNMENT WAGE INDEX Second Quarter 2020 Namibia Statistics Agency ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS COMPENDIUM for Namibia September 2020 1 ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS COMPENDIUM FOR NAMIBIA SEPTEMBER, 2020 Environmental Statistics Compendium for Namibia: 2020 Contents Preface................................................................................................................................................ 5 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 6 1. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS AND QUALITY ................................................................................... 8 1.1 Geological, geographical and geomorphological conditions ....................................................... 8 (i) Area of country ....................................................................................................................... 8 (ii) Main geomorphological characteristics ............................................................................... 9 1.2. Temperature ........................................................................................................................... 9 1.3 Rivers, catchment areas and aquifers...................................................................................... 9 (i) Rivers ...................................................................................................................................... 9 1.4 Biodiversity ........................................................................................................................... 10 1.4.1 Namibia’s Biological Diversity .............................................................................................. 10 1.4.1 Diversity of Ecosystems ........................................................................................................ 11 1.5.1. Species Diversity................................................................................................................ 12 1.5 Protected species and areas ....................................................................................................... 13 2. ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USE ............................................................................ 14 2.1. Mineral Resources ................................................................................................................. 14 2.2. Energy Resources .................................................................................................................. 16 2.2.1. Energy Stocks................................................................................................................. 16 2.2.2. Production, trade and consumption of energy .............................................................. 17 2.3. Biological resources............................................................................................................... 18 (i) Crop farming ......................................................................................................................... 18 (ii) Forest ................................................................................................................................ 19 (iii) Livestock Farming .............................................................................................................. 19 (iv) Fish Production.................................................................................................................. 20 (v) Crops ................................................................................................................................. 22 3. RESIDUALS ........................................................................................................................................ 22 3.1. Emission to air ....................................................................................................................... 22 (i) Emission of Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) .................................................................................. 22 (ii) Trends of emissions by source category ............................................................................ 23 (iii) Trend in Emissions of Direct GHGs..................................................................................... 23 (iv) Trends for Indirect GHGs and SO2 ...................................................................................... 24 3.2. Generation and management of wastewater........................................................................ 24 1 Environmental Statistics Compendium for Namibia: 2020 (i) Management of Waste .......................................................................................................... 24 (ii) National Solid Waste Management Strategy ..................................................................... 25 4. EXTREME EVENTS AND DISASTERS ................................................................................................... 25 (i) Hazard ....................................................................................................................................... 27 5. HUMAN SETTLEMENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH .................................................................. 27 5.1 Human settlements .............................................................................................................. 27 (i) Access to water, sanitation ................................................................................................... 28 (ii) Human condition ............................................................................................................... 29 6. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, MANAGEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT ............................................. 29 (I) Government protection expenditures....................................................................................... 30 7. TOURISM .......................................................................................................................................... 30 2 Environmental Statistics Compendium for Namibia: 2020 List of Tables Table 5: Brief Description of Namibia’s Biomes Table 6: Number of Described Species in Namibia and Levels of Endemism Table 7: A Brief summary of Namibia’s Protected Areas Table 8: Highlight from Key Mining Operations Table 9: Namibia’s Electricity Source Table 10: Local Generation vs Import Table 11: Area Under Crop Production and yield type of crops Table 12: Estimates of Area of Forest Land by Type of Land Use Table 13: Livestock Census Survey for 2014-2015 Table 15: National Cereal Production Statistical Trend (in ‘000 Metric Tons) Table 16: National GHG Emissions by sector (2001-2012) Table 17: Aggregate Emission and Removal by Gas (2001-2012) Table 18: Emission of Indirect GHGs and SO2 (2001-12) Table 19: Households and Population by urban/rural and region Table 20: Households by selected indicators and housing conditions Table 21: Tourist Arrival Table 22: Top Ten Tourist Market 3 Environmental Statistics Compendium for Namibia: 2020 Acronyms and Abbreviations FDES : Framework for the Development of Environment Statistics GHG : Green House Gas EEZ : Exclusive Economic Zone IPPU : Industrial Processes and Products NSA : Namibia Statistics Agency MET : Ministry of Environment and Tourism TAC : Total Allowable Catch SEEA : System of Environmental-Economic Accounting 4 Environmental Statistics Compendium for Namibia: 2020 Preface This is Namibia’s first comprehensive environmental statistics compendium. A compendium is a collection of information in which a brief summary on a certain topic is given. In the case of Namibia, this compendium is accompanied by a National Action Plan, that describes Namibia’s roadmap to strengthening and developing environmental statistics in line with the methodology, planning and adaption of the Core Set of Environment Statistics of the FDES, the Framework for the Development of Environment Statistics of the United Nations Statistics Division, into the Namibian National Statistical System framework. The Core Set of Environment Statistics of the FDES 2013 identifies those statistics of high-priority and relevance to most countries and have a sound methodological framework. The statistics selected from the Core Set presented in this compendium contains the most important environment statistics to describe environmental topics, thus providing guidance to environmental programs and policies. In this publication, data is compiled from existing sources of the Namibia Statistics Agency (NSA), administrative sources and data from both government and non-government entities. Data gaps still exist since it was not possible to collect all the data needed. The NSA gratefully acknowledges the support of all the experts and stakeholders who were committed to provide the statistical data and information included in this publication. ALEX SHIMUAFENI STATISTICIAN GENERAL & CEO 5 Environmental Statistics Compendium for Namibia: 2020 Introduction The ongoing environmental challenges faced by modern societies, such as population pressure, energy issues, sustainable development and climate change has increased the demand for environment statistics. The environment is ever more present in public policies and development plans. The realization that human wellbeing and development depends on the environment has led to an increasing emphasis on environmental and sustainability concerns. Of paramount importance to these actions is the regular
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