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Cultural Background Transference When Translating Soft and Hard News Master’S Final Degree Project

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Cultural Background Transference When Translating Soft and Hard News Master’S Final Degree Project Kaunas University of Technology Faculty of Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities Cultural Background Transference when Translating Soft and Hard News Master’s Final Degree Project Aurimas Milašius Project author Prof. dr. Jolita Horbačauskienė Supervisor Kaunas, 2021 Kaunas University of Technology Faculty of Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities Cultural Background Transference when Translating Soft and Hard News Master’s Final Degree Project Translation and Localisation of Technical Texts (6211NX031) Aurimas Milašius Project author Prof. dr. Jolita Horbačauskienė Supervisor Prof. dr. Tatjana Solomonik- Pankrašova Reviewer Kaunas, 2021 Kaunas University of Technology Faculty of Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities Aurimas Milašius Cultural Background Transference when Translating Soft and Hard News Declaration of Academic Integrity I confirm the following: 1. I have prepared the final degree project independently and honestly without any violations of the copyrights or other rights of others, following the provisions of the Law on Copyrights and Related Rights of the Republic of Lithuania, the Regulations on the Management and Transfer of Intellectual Property of Kaunas University of Technology (hereinafter – University) and the ethical requirements stipulated by the Code of Academic Ethics of the University; 2. All the data and research results provided in the final degree project are correct and obtained legally; none of the parts of this project are plagiarised from any printed or electronic sources; all the quotations and references provided in the text of the final degree project are indicated in the list of references; 3. I have not paid anyone any monetary funds for the final degree project or the parts thereof unless required by the law; 4. I understand that in the case of any discovery of the fact of dishonesty or violation of any rights of others, the academic penalties will be imposed on me under the procedure applied at the University; I will be expelled from the University and my final degree project can be submitted to the Office of the Ombudsperson for Academic Ethics and Procedures in the examination of a possible violation of academic ethics. Aurimas Milašius Confirmed electronicall Milašius, Aurimas. Cultural Background Transference when Translating Soft and Hard News. Master's Final Degree Project / supervisor Prof. dr. Jolita Horbačauskienė; Faculty of Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities, Kaunas University of Technology. Study field and area (study field group): N05 (Translation), Humanities. Keywords: soft news, hard news, transference of cultural background, translation strategies on word level, textual translation strategies, extra-textual elements, type of translator. Kaunas, 2021. 75 p. Summary Since the development of innovative technologies, the current information era has seen an increase of communication and communicative writing in the news industry. New digital media platforms, such as the Internet, social media, news apps, etc., provided faster and easier accessibility to news than traditional news providing platforms (television, newspapers, radio). The increase of communicative writing and the need for more information on various scale, encouraged more news production on both professional and non-professional levels. For the convenience of culturally diverse audiences and different cultural factors (languages, religions, values, etc.), a lot of news have been translated on a global scale. Since it is physically impossible for a journalist representing every culture and writing in every language to provide fast and credible original sources of news, the translation process is applied in the industry. In fact, there are so many translated news, that translation of news has become a natural part of news production and providing to different audiences. An increased amount of sensationalism in international news, requires a detailed research on news translation and transference of cultural background in the target language – Lithuanian. This project focuses on researching the main types of news (soft and hard news) which are translated based on information from a single or the most dominating source in the target text. 25 articles of soft international online news and corresponding translations, as well as 25 articles of hard international news and corresponding translations, sumed up to 100 articles used for analysis of transference of cultural background through translation strategies in news. News articles in the source language (English) and the target language (Lithuanian) were collected from such sources as BBC News, New York Post, France 24, Daily Mail, The Guardian, Nippon, Euronews, The Moscow Times, CNN, 15min, LRT, DELFI žinios, Verslo žinios, Lietuvos rytas, Kauno diena, etc. For thorough analysis of translation process and transference of cultural background, translation strategies on a word and textual levels were identified and analysed. For the analysis on a word level, the model of media news translation strategies consisting of eight predetermined translation strategies was chosen. For the analysis on a textual level, the set of most used translation strategies and extra-textual elements, applied in news translation to deal with cultural diversity and provide more comprehension on foreign cultural background, were used. Additionally, a type of translator who performed the process of translation and greatly impacted transference of foreign cultural background, was identified in every analysed translated article of soft and hard news. This project analyses the process of translation and transference of cultural background on different levels of translation: type of translator, textual translation strategies, translation strategies on a word level, which all are related and cannot be achieved without one another. Milašius, Aurimas. Kultūrinio konteksto perteikimas verčiant lengvąsias ir rimtąsias naujienas. Magistro studijų baigiamasis projektas / vadovė prof. dr. Jolita Horbačauskienė; Kauno technologijos universitetas, Socialinių, humanitarinių mokslų ir menų fakultetas. Studijų kryptis ir sritis (studijų krypčių grupė): N05 (Vertimas), Humanitariniai mokslai. Reikšminiai žodžiai: lengvosios naujienos, rimtosios naujienos, kultūrinio konteksto perteikimas, vertimo strategijos žodžio lygmenyje, vertimo strategijos teksto lygmenyje, papildomi konteksto elementai, vertėjo tipas. Kaunas, 2021. 75 p. Santrauka Šiuolaikinėje informacijos eroje, nuo pat inovatyviųjų technologijų plėtros, padidėjo poreikis komunikacijai ir komunikacija grįstam teksto kūrimui. Naujosios skaitmeninės žiniasklaidos platformos (internetas, socialinė žiniasklaida, mobiliosios naujienų programėlės) teikė greitesnį ir lengvesnį naujienų pasiekiamumą nei tradicinės naujienų agentūrų platformos (televizija, laikraščiai, radijas). Padidėjęs komunikacija grįsto teksto kūrimo kiekis parodė informacijos poreikį įvairiu mastu, o tai paskatino naujienų kūrimą ir platinimą profesionaliame ir neprofesionaliame lygiuose. Dėl kultūriškai įvairios auditorijos ir kultūrinių faktorių (kalbos, religijos, vertybės ir t. t.), daugybė naujienų yra verčiamos į skirtingas kalbas globaliniu mastu. Visų kultūrų ir rašto kalbų atstovams yra fiziškai neįmanoma greitai sukurti originalių ir patikimų naujienų straipsnių, dėl to, naujienų pramonėje dažnai taikomas vertimas. Dėl daugybės verčiamų naujienų straipsnių, vertimas tapo natūralia naujienų kūrimo ir pateikimo skirtingoms auditorijoms proceso dalimi. Padidėjęs tarptautinių naujienų sensacingumas, verčia sutelkti dėmesį į naujienų vertimą ir atlikti detalų naujienų vertimo ir kultūrinio konteksto perteikimo tyrimą lietuvių kalboje. Šiame projekte tiriami pagrindiniai naujienų tipai – lengvosios ir rimtosios naujienos. Išverstus straipsnius sudaro vertimas pagal vieną arba labiausiai dominuojantį naujienų straipsnį anglų kalba. 25 lengvųjų naujienų straipsniai bei jų vertimai, ir 25 rimtųjų naujienų straipsniai su atitinkamais vertimais, iš viso sudaro 100 naujienų straipsnių, kurie panaudoti kultūrinio konteksto perteikimo ir vertimo strategijų tyrimui. Naujienų straipsniai šaltinio kalba (anglų) ir straipsniai tiksline kalba (lietuvių) buvo surinkti iš įvairių interneto šaltinių, pavyzdžiui, „BBC News“, „New York Post“, „France 24“, „Daily Mail“, „The Guardian“, „Nippon“, „Euronews“, „The Moscow Times“, „CNN“, „15min“, „LRT“, „DELFI žinios“, „Verslo žinios“, „Lietuvos rytas“, „Kauno diena“, ir t. t. Detaliai vertimo proceso ir kultūrinio konteksto perteikimo analizei atlikti, naujienų straipsniuose identifikuojamos ir analizuojamos vertimo strategijos žodiniame ir tekstiniame lygmenyse. Analizei žodiniame lygmenyje, buvo pasirinktas žiniasklaidos priemonių vertimo strategijų modelis, kurį sudaro aštuonios vertimo strategijos. Analizei tekstiniame lygmenyje buvo panaudotos dažniausiai taikomos tekstinės vertimo strategijos ir papildomi konteksto elementai. Jų tikslas – spręsti kultūrinės įvairovės problemas iškylančias naujienų vertimo metu ir suteikti tikslinei auditorijai daugiau suvokimo apie svetimą kultūrinį kontekstą. Be to, kiekviename išverstame analizuojamų naujienų straipsnyje nustatomas naujienų vertėjo tipas, kuris vertimo metu paveikia kultūrinio konteksto perteikimo kiekį. Šiame projekte analizuojami naujienų vertimo procesas ir kultūrinio konteksto perteikimas skirtinguose lygmenyse, kurie naujienų vertimo metu yra neatsiejami vienas nuo kito. Table of contents Introduction ......................................................................................................................................
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