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Lewis Carroll,Alex A. Blum | 48 pages | 19 Jan 2016 | Classic Comic Store Ltd | 9781906814489 | English | Thatcham, United Kingdom Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland | Summary, Characters, & Facts | Britannica

Alice is a fictional character and protagonist of 's children's novel Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and its sequel, Through the Looking-Glass A child in the mid- Victorian eraAlice unintentionally goes on an underground adventure after accidentally falling down a rabbit hole into Wonderland ; in the sequel, she steps through a mirror into an alternative world. The character originated in stories told by Carroll to entertain the Liddell sisters while rowing on the Isis with his friend Robinson Duckworthand on subsequent rowing trips. Although she shares her given name with Alice Liddellscholars disagree about the extent to which she was based upon Liddell. Characterized by Carroll as "loving and gentle", "courteous to all", "trustful", and Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland curious", [1] Alice has been variously seen as clever, well-mannered, and sceptical of authority, although some commentators find more negative aspects of her personality. Her appearance changed from Alice's Adventures Under Groundthe first draft of Alice's Adventures in Wonderlandto political cartoonist 's illustrations of her in the two Alice books. Alice has been identified as a cultural icon. She has been described as a departure from the usual nineteenth-century child protagonist, and the success of the two Alice books inspired numerous sequels, parodies, and imitations, with protagonists similar to Alice in temperament. She has been interpreted through various critical approaches, and has appeared and been re-imagined in numerous adaptations, including Walt Disney's film Her continuing appeal has been ascribed to her ability to be continuously re-imagined. Alice is a fictional child living during the middle of the Victorian era. At home, she has a significantly older sister, a brother, [6] a pet cat named Dinah, an elderly nurseand a governesswho teaches her lessons starting at nine in the morning. When writing on her personality in "Alice on the Stage" AprilCarroll described her as "loving and gentle", "courteous to all ", "trustful", and "wildly curious, and with the eager enjoyment of Life that comes only in the happy hours of childhood, when all is new and fair, and when Sin and Sorrow are but names — empty words signifying nothing! The degree to which the character of Alice can be identified as is controversial. Some critics identify the character as Liddell, [12] [14] or write that she inspired the character. In FebruaryCarroll contacted his publisher about the possibility of creating The Nursery "Alice"a simplified edition of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland with coloured and enlarged illustrations. Alice has been recognised as Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland cultural icon. Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass were critically and commercially successful in Carroll's lifetime; [55] more thancopies of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland andcopies of Through the Looking-Glass had been printed by Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland to Kelly, Alice must rely on herself in Wonderland away from her family, but the moral and societal narrative arc of the orphan is replaced with Alice's intellectual struggle to maintain her sense of identity against the inhabitants of Wonderland. From the s to s, the books came under the scrutiny of psychoanalytic literary critics. Described as "the single greatest rival of Tenniel," Walt Disney created an influential representation of Alice in his film adaptation, which helped to mould the image of Alice within pop culture. In the twenty-first century, Alice's continuing appeal has been attributed to her ability to be continuously re-imagined. In Japan, Alice has a significant influence on pop culture. Tenniel's artwork and Disney's film adaptation have been credited as factors in the continuing favorable reception of the two novels. The two Alice books are frequently re-illustrated. Walker, Thomas Maybank and Millicent Sowerby. Notable illustrators from the s onwards include Edgar Thurstanand his visual allusions to the Wall Street Crash of ; D. Sexton and J. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Fictional character from Carroll's "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland". Main article: Illustrators of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. One of Rackham's art-nouveau illustrations, in which Alice encounters the Caterpillar Newell's monochrome illustration of Alice among the Looking-Glass flowers The Annotated Alice. Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland House. Eccleshare, Julia ed. New York: Universe Publishing. Alice's adventures in Wonderland and Through the looking-glass and what Alice found there. Hunt, Peter,Tenniel, John, New ed. New York: Oxford University Press. The Sewanee Review. Johns Hopkins University Press. November The English Journal. National Council of Teachers of English. Victorian Studies. Indiana University Press. Studies in the Novel. June Film History. Alice's Adventures Under Ground. New York: McGraw-Hill. In Guilano, Edward ed. Lewis Carroll Observed. New York: Clarkson N. Potter, Inc. The Independent. Retrieved 18 August Gardner, Martin ed. The Nursery 'Alice'. Princeton University Press. The Guardian. Guardian News and Media Limited. Retrieved 17 September Retrieved 19 July The Telegraph. British Broadcasting Corporation. Oxford Dictionary of Reference and Allusion. Boston: Little, Brown. The Story of Alice. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. January Mineola, New York : Dover Publications. Lewis Carroll 's Alice. Looking-glass world. Book Category. Categories : Child characters in anime and manga Child characters in comics Child characters in film Child characters in animated films Child characters in literature Child characters in musical theatre Child characters in television Child characters in video games Female characters in animation Female characters in film Female characters in literature Female characters in television Fictional British people Literary characters introduced in Fictional English people Fictional queens characters Lewis Carroll characters Once Upon a Time TV series characters Teenage characters in film. Namespaces Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland Talk. Views Read Edit View history. Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland file. Download as PDF Printable version. Alice's Adventures in Wonderland Through Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland Looking-Glass Alice's Adventures in Wonderland Wonderland. Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland: Study Guide | SparkNotes

With its fantastical tales and riddlesit became one of the most popular works of English-language fiction. It was notably illustrated by British artist John Tenniel. The story centres on Alice, a young girl who falls asleep in a meadow and dreams that she follows the down a rabbit hole. She has many wondrous, often bizarre adventures with thoroughly illogical and very strange creatures, often changing size unexpectedly she grows as tall as a house and shrinks to 3 inches [7 cm]. She encounters the hookah-smoking Caterpillar, the Duchess with a baby that becomes a pigand the Cheshire Catand she attends a strange endless with the Mad Hatter and the . She plays a game of croquet with an unmanageable flamingo for a croquet mallet and uncooperative hedgehogs for croquet balls while the Queen calls for the execution of almost everyone present. However, when the Queen demands that Alice be beheaded, Alice realizes that the characters are only a pack of cards, and she then awakens from her dream. The story was originally told by Carroll to Lorina, Alice, and Edith Liddell the daughters of Henry George Liddelldean of Christ Church, Oxfordwhere the author had studied and held a fellowship on a picnic in July A visitor to the Liddell home saw the storybook and thought it should be published, so Carroll revised and expanded it. It inspired numerous films, theatrical performances, and ballets Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland well as countless works of scholarly analysis. Print Cite. Facebook Twitter. Give Feedback External Websites. Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland us know if you have suggestions to improve this article requires login. External Websites. She has a B. She previously worked on the Britannica Book of the Year and was a member See Article History. Listen to Jill Gage, bibliographer of British history and literature at the Newberry Library, exploring the interest in the first edition of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and the book's enduring quality. Britannica Quiz. Fictional Worlds Quiz. Which world may be entered via a wardrobe, a painting, rings, or a door? The world premiere ballet, a joint production with the National Ballet of Canada, featured Christopher Wheeldon's Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland and Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland score by Joby Talbot. Lewis Carroll's characters from Alice's Adventures in Wonderland are still some of the most popular in the world. Learn More in these related Britannica articles:. His poem The Hunting of the is nonsense literature of the highest order. It was produced by Walt Disney. History at your fingertips. Sign up here to see what happened On This Dayevery day in your inbox! Email address. By signing up, you agree to our Privacy Notice. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Alice (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland) - Wikipedia

It is considered to be one of the best examples of the literary nonsense genre. One of the best-known and most popular works of English-language fiction, its narrative, structure, characters and imagery have been enormously influential in popular culture and literature, especially in the fantasy genre. Alice's Adventures in Wonderland was published in It was inspired when, three years earlier on 4 July, [6] Lewis Carroll and the Reverend Robinson Duckworth rowed up the Isis river in a boat with three young girls. This day was known as the " golden afternoon ," [7] prefaced in the novel as a poem. The poem might be a confusion or even another Alice-tale, for it turns out that particular day was cool, cloudy and rainy. The journey began at Folly BridgeOxford and ended five miles away in the Oxfordshire village of Godstow. During the trip Dodgson told the girls a story that featured a bored little girl named Alice who goes looking for an adventure. The girls loved it, and Alice Liddell asked Dodgson to write it down for her. He began writing the manuscript of the story the next day, although that earliest version is lost to history. The girls and Dodgson took another boat trip a month later when he elaborated the plot to the story of Alice, and in November he began working on the manuscript in earnest. To add the finishing touches he researched natural history in connection with the animals presented in the book, and then had the book examined by other children — particularly those of George MacDonald. Though Dodgson did add his own illustrations, he subsequently approached John Tenniel to illustrate the book for publication, telling him that the story had been well liked by children. Before Alice received Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland copy, Dodgson was already preparing it for publication and expanding the 15,word original to 27, words, [14] most notably adding the episodes about the and the . Chapter One — Down the Rabbit Hole : Alicea seven-year-old girl, is feeling bored and drowsy while sitting on the riverbank with her elder sister. She notices a talking, clothed white rabbit with a pocket watch run past. She follows it down a rabbit hole where she suddenly falls a long way to a curious hall with many locked doors of all sizes. She finds a little key to a door too small for Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland to fit through, but through it, she sees an attractive garden. She then discovers a bottle on a table labelled "DRINK ME," the contents of which cause her to shrink Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland small to reach the key which she had left on the table. Chapter Two — The Pool of Tears : The chapter opens with Alice growing to such a tremendous size that her head hits the ceiling. Unhappy, Alice begins to cry and her tears literally flood the hallway. Shrinking down again due to a fan she had picked up, Alice swims through her own tears and meets a mousewho is swimming as well. Alice, thinking he may be a French mouse, tries to make small talk with him in elementary French. Chapter Three — The Caucus Race and a Long Tale : The sea of tears becomes crowded with other animals and birds that have been swept away by the rising waters. Alice and the other animals convene on the bank and the question among them is how to get dry again. Mouse gives them a very dry lecture on William the Conqueror. A dodo decides that the best thing to dry them off would be a Caucus-Race, which consists of everyone running in a circle with no clear winner. Alice eventually frightens all the animals away, unwittingly, by talking about her moderately ferocious cat. Mistaking her for his maidservantMary Ann, Rabbit orders Alice to go into the house and retrieve them. Inside the house she finds another little bottle and drinks from it, immediately beginning to grow again. The horrified Rabbit orders his gardener, Bill the Lizardto climb on the roof and go down the chimney. Outside, Alice hears the voices of Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland that have gathered to gawk at her giant arm. The crowd hurls pebbles at her, which turn into little cakes. Alice eats them, and they reduce her again in size. Chapter Five — Advice from a Caterpillar : Alice comes upon a mushroom and sitting on it is a blue caterpillar smoking a hookah. Caterpillar questions Alice, who begins to admit to her current identity crisis, compounded by her inability to remember a poem. Before crawling away, the Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland tells Alice that one side of the mushroom will make her taller and the other side will make her shorter. She breaks off two pieces from the mushroom. One side makes her shrink smaller than ever, while another causes her neck to grow high into the trees, where a pigeon mistakes her for a serpent. With Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland effort, Alice brings herself back to her normal height. She stumbles upon a small estate and uses the mushroom to reach a more appropriate height. Chapter Six — Pig and Pepper Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland A fish- footman has an invitation for the Duchess of the house, which he Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland to a frog-footman. Alice observes this transaction and, after a perplexing conversation with the frog, lets herself into the Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland. The Duchess's cook is throwing dishes and making a soup that has too much pepper, which causes Alice, the Duchess, and her baby but not the cook or grinning Cheshire Cat to sneeze violently. Alice is given the baby by the Duchess and, to Alice's surprise, the baby turns into a pig. The Cheshire Cat appears in a tree, directing her to the March Hare 's house. He disappears but his grin remains behind to float on its own in the air prompting Alice to remark that she has often seen a cat without a grin but never a grin without a cat. Chapter Seven — A Mad Tea-Party : Alice becomes a guest at a "mad" tea party along with the March Harethe Hatterand a very tired Dormousewho falls asleep frequently only to be violently awakened moments later by the March Hare and the Hatter. The characters give Alice many riddles and stories, including the famous " why is a raven like a writing desk? Alice becomes insulted and tired of being bombarded with riddles and she leaves claiming that it was the stupidest tea party that she had ever been to. Chapter Eight — The Queen's Croquet Ground : Alice leaves the tea party and enters the garden where she comes upon three living playing cards painting the white roses on a rose tree red because The Queen of Hearts hates white roses. A procession of more cards, kings and queens and even the White Rabbit enters the garden. Alice then meets the King and Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland. The Queen, a figure difficult to please, introduces her signature phrase "Off with his head! Alice is Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland or some might say ordered to play a game of croquet with the Queen and the rest of her subjects but the game quickly descends into chaos. Live flamingos are used as mallets and hedgehogs as balls and Alice once again meets the Cheshire Cat. The Queen of Hearts then orders the Cat to be beheaded, only to have her executioner complain that this is impossible since the head is all that can be seen of him. Because the cat belongs to the Duchess, the Queen is prompted to release the Duchess from prison to resolve the matter. She ruminates on finding morals in everything around her. The Queen of Hearts dismisses her on the threat of execution and she introduces Alice to the Gryphonwho takes her to the . The Mock Turtle is very sad, even though he has no sorrow. He tries to tell his story about how he used to be a real turtle in school, which the Gryphon interrupts so they can play a game. Chapter Eleven — Who Stole the Tarts? The jury is composed of various animals, including Bill the Lizardthe White Rabbit is the court's trumpeter, and the judge is the King of Hearts. During the proceedings, Alice finds that she is steadily growing larger. scolds Alice and tells her she has no right to grow at such a rapid pace and take up all the air. Alice scoffs and calls the dormouse's accusation ridiculous because everyone grows and she cannot help it. Meanwhile, witnesses at the trial include the Hatter, who displeases and frustrates the King through his indirect answers to the questioning, and the Duchess's cook. Chapter Twelve — Alice's Evidence : Alice is then called up as a witness. She accidentally knocks over the jury box with the animals inside them and the King orders the animals be placed back into their seats before the trial continues. The King and Queen order Alice to Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland gone, citing Rule 42 "All persons more than a mile high to leave Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland court"but Alice disputes their judgement and refuses to leave. She argues with the King and Queen of Hearts over the ridiculous proceedings, eventually refusing to hold her tongue, only to say, "It's not that I was the one who stole the tarts in the first place", in the process. Finally, the Queen confirms that Alice was the culprit responsible of stealing the tarts after all which automatically pardons the Knave of Hearts of his chargesand shouts, "Off with her head! Alice's sister wakes her up from a dream, brushing what turns out to be some leaves and not a shower of playing cards from Alice's face. Alice leaves her sister on the bank to imagine all the curious happenings for herself. Alice Liddell herself is there, while Carroll is caricatured as the Dodo because Dodgson stuttered when he spoke, he sometimes pronounced his last name as Dodo-Dodgson. Gardner has suggested that the Hatter is a reference to Theophilus Cartera furniture dealer known in Oxfordand that Tenniel apparently drew the Hatter to resemble Carter, on a suggestion of Carroll's. These are the Liddell sisters: Elsie is L. The Mock Turtle speaks of a drawling-master, "an old conger eel," who came once a week to teach "Drawling, Stretching, and Fainting in Coils. The children did, in fact, learn well; Alice Liddell, for one, produced a number of skilful watercolours. The Mock Turtle also sings "Turtle Soup. Martin Gardneralong with other scholars, have shown the book to be filled with many parodies of Victorian popular culture, suggesting it belongs in spirit with W. Gilbert and Alfred Cellier 's Topsyturveydom. Most Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland the book's adventures may have been based on or influenced by people, situations, and buildings in Oxford and at Christ Church. For example, the "Rabbit Hole" symbolised the actual stairs in the back of the Christ Church's main hall. A carving of a griffon and rabbit, as seen in Ripon Cathedralwhere Carroll's father was a canon, may have provided inspiration for the tale. In the eighth chapter, three cards Alice in Wonderland: Alices Adventures in Wonderland painting the roses on a rose tree red, because they had accidentally planted a white-rose tree that The Queen of Hearts hates. Red roses symbolised the English House of Lancasterwhile white roses symbolised their rival House of Yorkthus the wars between them were the Wars of the Roses. While the book has remained in print and continually inspires new adaptations, the cultural material from which it draws has become largely specialized knowledge. Dr Leon Coward asserts the book 'suffers' from "readings which reflect today's fascination with postmodernism and psychology, rather than delving into an historically informed interpretation," and speculates that this has been partly driven by audiences encountering the narrative through a 'second-hand' source, explaining "our impressions of the original text are based on a multiplicity of reinterpretations. We don't necessarily realise we're missing anything in understanding the original product, because we're usually never dealing with the original product. It has been suggested by several people, including and Selwyn Goodacre, [20] that Dodgson had an interest in the French language, choosing to make references and puns about it in the story. It is most likely that these are references to French lessons—a common feature of a Victorian middle-class girl's upbringing. For example, in the second chapter Alice posits that the mouse may be French. Pat's "Digging for apples" could be a cross-language punas pomme de terre literally; "apple of the earth" means potato and pomme means apple. In the second chapter, Alice initially addresses the mouse as "O Mouse", based on her memory of the noun declensions "in her brother's Latin Grammar'A mouse — of a mouse — to a mouse — a mouse — O mouse! The sixth case, mure ablative is absent from Alice's recitation. As Carroll was a mathematician at Christ Church, it has been suggested that there are many references and mathematical concepts in both this story and Through the Looking-Glass. Carina Garland notes how the world is "expressed via representations of food and appetite", naming Alice's frequent desire for consumption of both food and wordsher 'Curious Appetites'.