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An Updated Checklist of Thyatirinae (Lepidoptera, Drepanidae) from China, with Descriptions of One New Species

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Zootaxa 3941 (1): 001–048 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2015 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3941.1.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A47DEAEA-2724-426D-B369-7677EC8FBD85 An updated checklist of Thyatirinae (Lepidoptera, Drepanidae) from China, with descriptions of one new species NAN JIANG1, CHAO YANG1, DAYONG XUE1 & HONGXIANG HAN1,2 1Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] 2Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A total of three tribes, 38 genera and 148 species of Thyatirinae from China are listed together with one dubious record. Of these, one new species, Stenopsestis bruna sp. nov., is described. Macrothyatira danieli Werny, 1966, stat. rev., is re- stored to specific rank. Cymatophora subampliata Houlbert, 1921, is downgraded to subspecific rank as Tethea (Tethea) albicostata subampliata (Houlbert, 1921), stat. nov. Two genera, four species and three subspecies are recorded for the first time from China (Chiropsestis Laszlo, Ronkay & Ronkay, 2001, Hiroshia Laszlo, Ronkay & Ronkay, 2001, Chirop- sestis rubrocinerea Laszlo, Ronkay & Ronkay, 2001, Hiroshia albinigra Laszlo, Ronkay & Ronkay, 2001, Parapsestis hausmanni Laszlo, Ronkay, Ronkay & Witt, 2007, Spica luteola Swinhoe, 1889, Parapsestis cinerea pacifica Laszlo, Ronkay, Ronkay & Witt, 2007, Tethea (Saronaga) consimilis aurisigna Bryk, 1943, Nothoploca nigripunctata fansipana Laszlo, Ronkay & Ronkay, 2001). Ten misidentifications in Zhao (2004) are corrected. Illustrations of external features and genitalia of the new taxa and new records are presented. Key words: fauna, taxonomy, morphology, distribution Introduction The Thyatiridae was established by Smith (1893). They were known as Cymatophoridae Herrich-Schäffer, 1847 for a long time. However, the type-genus Cymatophora Treitschke, 1825, is a junior homonym of Cymatophora Hübner, 1812 (Geometridae, Ennominae, type-species: Cymatophora approximaria Hübner, 1812, from North- America), so Cymatophoridae was invalid and replaced by Thyatiridae under the Code (1999, 4th Edition, Article 39). Later, Thyatiridae were downgraded to a subfamily of the Drepanidae by Minet & Scoble (1999) and Kristensen et al. (2007), according to the synapomorphy in the adult, viz. the possession of abdominal tympanal organs associated with the tergosternal sclerites, which connect tergum 1 with sternum 2. The taxonomic position of the Thyatirinae was also supported by molecular data (Wu et al. 2010). Species of Thyatirinae are mainly distributed in Eurasia, especially in the East Asian and Himalayan region (Laszlo et al. 2007). Up to the present, more than 50 genera and 300 species have been recognized in the Thyatirinae, and approximately half of all species recorded in China. Most species of Thyatirinae were identified by different authors during the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. Warren (1912), Houlbert (1921) and Gaede (1930) summarised previous works on Thyatirinae. The most important and basic work on Thyatirinae was finished by Werny (1966) in the mid-twentieth century. He reviewed 180 species globally, belonging to 43 genera in 10 tribes of 2 subfamilies. However, his tribal classification is confusing, and many subspecies were described. Yoshimoto (1982–1996) widely studied the East Asian Thyatirinae, described many new species, and summarised the Taiwanese species in “Lepidoptera of Taiwan” (Yoshimoto 1992). Laszlo with co-authors (1999, 2000, 2001) studied the Eurasian Thyatirinae. After long-term study and examining much material from different sources, Laszlo et al. (2007) published a book titled “The Thyatiridae of Eurasia including the Sundaland and New Guinea (Lepidoptera)”. The book comprehensively summarised the Thyatirinae fauna of Eurasia and south-eastern Asian to Papua New Guinea; 46 genera and 212 species were covered, including more than 40 new species or Accepted by E. Beljaev: 20 Feb. 2015; published: 30 Mar. 2015 1 subspecies, including many new nomenclature revisions (new synonyms, new combinations, and new status). It is worth mentioning that Laszlo et al. (2007) considered a majority of subspecies in Werny (1966) as synonyms. However, they did not agree with the relegation of the Thyatiridae to a subfamily of the Drepanidae, and believed that the Thyatiridae show a high degree of similarity to some groups of Noctuoidea. Actually, besides the similar tympanal organs, the Thyatirinae shares a special venation (Sc+R1 of hind wing is situated far from the anterior margin of the cell, bending and approaching Rs outside the end of the cell) with the Drepanidae. Tshistjakov (2007), Dubatolov & Dolgikh (2007), Mironov & Dubatolov (2008), Dubatolov (2009) and Dubatolov et al. (2013) studied the Russian Thyatirinae. Chinese authors also studied the taxonomy and faunistics of the Thyatirinae. Wu (1938) summarised 14 genera and 47 species according to the work of Warren (1912). Zhao (1981) recorded 25 Chinese species. Later, approximately 50 species were recorded from many kinds of faunistic surveys by Zhao (1982, 1987, 1988ab, 1992, 1993, 1997, 2002) and Zhao & Lou (2001). At the same time, other authors also reported some Chinese species of the family (She & Wu 1995; Wu 1997; Yang & Zhu 1998; Shi et al. 1998; Shen & Zhao 1999; Shen & Liu 1999; Yang & Wang 2001; Fang 2003). Zhao (2004) summarised the Chinese fauna of the Thyatirinae and described 26 genera with 105 species based on the material and references obtained at that time. Actually, this work was finished in 1996, and some misidentifications were included because of limitations to the working conditions at that time. Later, different authors reported some new taxa and newly recorded species from China (Han 2005; Pan et al. 2010; Zhang & Han 2010; Yoshimoto et al. 2011; Zhuang et al. 1012; Xue et al. 2012). The purpose of this paper is to summarise all Chinese Thyatiridae based on previous works, re-identification of all the collections in IZCAS (including new material obtained during expeditions in the last ten years) and re- examination of the material from SEMCAS, SYSU, and SCAU. In total, the checklist comprises three tribes, 38 genera and 148 species together with one dubious record. One new species is described. One species is restored to specific rank, and one species is downgraded to subspecific rank. Two genera, four species and three subspecies are recorded for the first time from China. Ten misidentifications in Zhao (2004) are corrected. Illustrations of external features and genitalia of the new taxa and new records are provided. Because Thyatiridae is relegated to Thyatirinae in this paper, the primary subfamilies of Thyatiridae are relegated to tribes, viz. Thyatirini, Polyplocini. The ten tribes of Werny's (1966) system were not accepted and only Demopsestini is preserved. Material and methods Specimens examined were mainly from the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (IZCAS); Shanghai Entomological Museum, Chinese Academy of Sciences (SEMCAS), China (SEMCAS); Biological Museum, Sun Yat-Sen University, China (SYSU); Insect Collection, South China Agricultural University, China (SCAU). Terminology for wing venation followed the Comstock-Needham System (Comstock 1918) as adopted for Drepanidae by Scoble (1992), and that for the genitalia was based on Klots (1970) and Nichols (1989). Photographs of the moths were taken with digital cameras. Composite images were generated using Auto-Montage software version 5.03.0061 (Synoptics Ltd). The plates were compiled using Adobe Photoshop software. Abbreviations of type depositories BMNH The Natural History Museum, London, UK CDS Collection of de Lattin, Saarbrücken CMNH Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, USA CUIC Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA EIHU Entomological Institute, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan HNHM Termeszettudomanyi Muzeum Allattara (Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary) IBSS Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Science, Vladivostok, Russia. ISEA Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Novosibirsk, Russia IZCAS Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 2 · Zootaxa 3941 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press JIANG ET AL. Kim coll. Collection of S. S. Kim, Korea MNHN Museum National d'Histoire Natarelle, Paris, France MNHU Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany MWM Museum Witt, Munich, Germany NHRS Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden NSMT National Science Museum (Natural History), Tokyo, Japan Okano coll. Collection of M. Okano, Japan RMNH Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum (formerly Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie), Leiden, Netherlands UOPJ Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, Japan ZFMK Zoologische Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany ZRAS Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg, Russia ZSM Zoologische Staatsammlungen, Munich, Germany Checklist Thyatirinae Thyatiridae Smith, 1893. Type-genus: Thyatira Ochsenheimer, 1816. Cymatophoridae Herrich-Schäffer, 1847. Type-genus: Cymatophora Treitschke, 1825, nec Hübner, 1812. Tribe Thyatirini Smith, 1893 Thyatirini Smith, 1893. Type-genus: Thyatira Ochsenheimer, 1816 Genus Thyatira Ochsenheimer, 1816 Thyatira Ochsenheimer, 1816: 77.
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    Contributions Toward a Lepidoptera (Psychidae, Yponomeutidae, Sesiidae, Cossidae, Zygaenoidea, Thyrididae, Drepanoidea, Geometroidea, Mimalonoidea, Bombycoidea, Sphingoidea, & Noctuoidea) Biodiversity Inventory of the University of Florida Natural Area Teaching Lab Hugo L. Kons Jr. Last Update: June 2001 Abstract A systematic check list of 489 species of Lepidoptera collected in the University of Florida Natural Area Teaching Lab is presented, including 464 species in the superfamilies Drepanoidea, Geometroidea, Mimalonoidea, Bombycoidea, Sphingoidea, and Noctuoidea. Taxa recorded in Psychidae, Yponomeutidae, Sesiidae, Cossidae, Zygaenoidea, and Thyrididae are also included. Moth taxa were collected at ultraviolet lights, bait, introduced Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum), and by netting specimens. A list of taxa recorded feeding on P. notatum is presented. Introduction The University of Florida Natural Area Teaching Laboratory (NATL) contains 40 acres of natural habitats maintained for scientific research, conservation, and teaching purposes. Habitat types present include hammock, upland pine, disturbed open field, cat tail marsh, and shallow pond. An active management plan has been developed for this area, including prescribed burning to restore the upland pine community and establishment of plots to study succession (http://csssrvr.entnem.ufl.edu/~walker/natl.htm). The site is a popular collecting locality for student and scientific collections. The author has done extensive collecting and field work at NATL, and two previous reports have resulted from this work, including: a biodiversity inventory of the butterflies (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea & Papilionoidea) of NATL (Kons 1999), and an ecological study of Hermeuptychia hermes (F.) and Megisto cymela (Cram.) in NATL habitats (Kons 1998). Other workers have posted NATL check lists for Ichneumonidae, Sphecidae, Tettigoniidae, and Gryllidae (http://csssrvr.entnem.ufl.edu/~walker/insect.htm).
  • Faunal Makeup of Macrolepidopterous Moths in Nopporo Forest Park, Hokkaido, Northern Japan, with Some Related Title Notes

    Faunal Makeup of Macrolepidopterous Moths in Nopporo Forest Park, Hokkaido, Northern Japan, with Some Related Title Notes

    Faunal Makeup of Macrolepidopterous Moths in Nopporo Forest Park, Hokkaido, Northern Japan, with Some Related Title Notes Author(s) Sato, Hiroaki; Fukuda, Hiromi Environmental science, Hokkaido : journal of the Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Citation Sapporo, 8(1), 93-120 Issue Date 1985-07-31 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/37177 Type bulletin (article) File Information 8(1)_93-120.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP 93 Environ. Sci., Hokkaiclo 8 (1) 93-v120 I June 1985 Faunal Makeup of Macrolepidopterous Moths in Nopporo Forest Park, Hokkaido, Northern Japan, with Some Related Notes Hiroaki Sato and Hiromi Ful<uda Department of Biosystem Management, Division of Iinvironmental Conservation, Graciuate Schoo! of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060, Japan Abstraet Macrolepidopterous moths were collected in Nopporo Forest Park to disclose the faunal mal<eup. By combining this survey with other from Nopporo, 595 species "rere recorded, compris- ing of roughly 45% of all species discovered in }{{okkaiclo to clate. 'irhe seasonal fiuctuations of a species diversity were bimodal, peal<ing in August and November. The data obtained had a good correlation to both lognormal and logseries clistributions among various species-abundance models. In summer, it was found that specialistic feeders dominated over generalistic feeders. However, in autumn, generalistic feeders clominated, most lil<ely because low temperature shortened hours for seel<ing host plants on which to lay eggs. - Key Words: NopporQ Forest Park, Macrolepidoptera, Species diversity, Species-abundance model, Generalist, Specialist 1. Introduction Nopporo Forest Park, which has an area of approximately 2,OOO ha and is adjacent to the city of Sapporo, contains natural forests representing the temperate and boreal features of vegetation.