The American Legion [Volume 124, No. 3 (March 1988)]

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Ship To Tbf-hc HABAND Street _ City/State 265 N. 9th St., Paterson, N.JJ The Magazine for a Strong America Vol. 124, No. 3 March 1988

A R T 1 C L E S

DOW JONES: AMERICA'S FINANCIAL BAROMETER

Most investors track the Dow, but don't really understand it. ByGaryTurbak 16

THE ECONOMY: STRUGGLING, BUT STRONG

"It's more important to defend the country than reduce the budget, "says economist Herbert Stein. 18

BUDGET, OR SUFFER U.S. law requires a balanced budget by 1993, with or without Congress' help. 20

SHOULD WE RAISE TAXES TO CUT THE DEFICIT? Two U.S. senators take sides on the issue. 22 76 COVERT ACTION: IS IT JUSTIFIED?

Should a democratic government keep secretsfrom its citizens? By David B. Rivkin 24

THE AMERICAN DREAM

The shortest route to security is still owningyour own business. By George Mair 26

THE FREE ENTERPRISE PATRIOT A well-meaning colonial blacksmith gets buried in red tape. ByJohn Rickey 28 THE EDGE OF DISCOVERY Biotechnology: an emerginggiant in health-careproducts. 30

CENTRAL AMERICAN PEACE PLAN: WHERE DOES IT STAND?

The Sandinistas have aplan, but it's notforpeace. By GeorgieAnne Geyer 32

THE MEANING OF THE AMERICAN LEGION EMBLEM

Those who wear or display it live in service to God and country. 40

KOREAN WAR MEMORIAL PLANNED FOR CAPITAL

A tribute that is "long overdue, " says Natl Cmdr. fake Comer. 42

LEGION VICTORIES IN THE 100TH CONGRESS

Several Legion legislative priorities became law in thefirst session. 44

D E P A R T M E N T S

BIG ISSUES Should Federalfudges Receive Lifetime Appointments? 14

LETTERS 4 DATELINE WASHINGTON 10 VETERANS ALERT 50

COMMANDER'S MESSAGE 8 LEGION NEWS BRIEFS 48 PARTING SHOTS 76

COVER An Economy In Good Hands? Photos by Image Bank and FPG International.

The American Legion Magazine, a leader among national general-interest publications, is published monthly by The American Legion for its 2.8 million members. These military-service veterans, working through 16,000 community-level posts, dedicate themselves to God and country and traditional American values; strong national security; adeguate and compassionate care for veterans, their widows and orphans; community service; and the wholesome development of our nation's youths.

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Editorial Offices 700 N. Pennsylvania St. Ever Made P.O. Box 1055 Indianapolis, IN 46206 You can now enjoy the most truly extraordinary collection. Yes, here 317-635-8411 beautiful and memory-stirring lis- are the most loved records of your ever life. different recordings so uni- John P. "Jake" Comer tening experience you've 50 National Commander heard. Thanks to special arrange- versally popular that each sold ments with America's major record over a million copies. 50 of the most Daniel S. Wheeler Publisher/Editor-in-Chief companies we can now offer you 50 loved recordings ever made by 50 of of the world's most loved, heart- the most loved stars and groups of Michael D. LaBonne all Editor touching recordings, all in one time. And here they are:

Raymond H. Mahon Because of You Release Me Somewhere My Love Managing Editor Tony Bennett Engelbert Humperdinck Ray Conniff Joe Stuteville Chances Are Tennessee Waltz Too Young Associate Editor Johnny Mathis Patti Page Nat King Cole Kathy Simpson Vaya Con Dios I'll Never Fall In Love Again Return To Me Copy Editor Les Paul and Mary Ford Tom Jones Dean Martin Simon Smith Blueberry Hill Just Walkin' In The Rain Goodnight Irene Art Director Fats Domino Johnny Ray Gordon Jenkins Little Things Mean A Lot William L. Poff Fascination Peg O My Heart Production Manager Jane Morgan Kitty Kallen The Harmonicats Till I Waltz Again With You You, You, You Autumn Leaves Advertising Director Teresa Brewer The Ames Brothers Roger Williams Donald B. Thomson Love Is Many The Three Bells A La Vie En Rose The American Legion Magazine Splendored Thing The Browns Edith Piaf P.O. Box 7068 The Four Aces Indianapolis, IN 46207 He'll Have To Go Spanish Eyes I Remember You 317-635-8411 Reeves Frank Ifield Jim Al Martino Publisher's Representatives Anytime Make The World Go Away You Always Hurt Eddie Fisher The One You Love Fox Associates, Inc. Eddy Arnold The Mills Brothers Chicago: 312-644-3888 Tenderly Heartaches By The Number New York: 212-725-2106 Rosemary Clooney Guy Mitchell Unchained Melody Los Angeles: 213-487-5630 Al Hibbler San Francisco: 415-989-5804 Now Is The Hour Beyond The Sea Detroit, Ml: 313-543-0068 Bing Crosby Bobby Darin Crazy Arms Atlanta: 404-252-0968 Ray Price To Each His Own Twilight Time The Ink Spots American Legion The Three Suns My Special Angel The Bobby Helms Magazine Commission Secret Love Bluebird Of Happiness Doris Day Art Mooney Auf Wiedersehen, Milford A. Forrester, Chairman, Greenville, SC; Only Sweetheart Ralph L. Smith, Vice Chairman, Bartlesville, OK; You It's Just A Matter Of Time Vera Lynn James R. Kelley, National Commander's Rep- The Platters Brook Benton resentative, Wayne, PA; George F. Ballard, Kiss Of Fire Melody Of Love Everything I Have Is Yours Belleville, IL; J. Leslie Brown Jr., Louisville, KY; Georgia Gibbs Billy Vaughn Billy Eckstine Joseph Chase, Hatboro, PA; Donald Conn, South Bend, IN; James W. Conway, Charles- Moments To Remember I Believe You're Breaking My Heart town, MA; Lincoln Cox, Kirby, WV; Frank J. The Four Lads Frankie Lane Vic Damone Holcshuh, Youngstown, OH; Halbert G. Hor- Moonlight In Vermont Roses Are Red You Belong To ton, Topeka, KS; W.B. (Brad) Jorgens, Me Margaret Whiting Bobby Vinton Jo Stafford Beardsly, MN; Eugene J. Kelley, Savannah, GA; Russell H. Laird, Des Moines, IA; Larry G. NOT IN STORES—MAIL COUPON TODAY Lewis, Bensonville, IL; Nathaniel J. McKee, Princeton, NJ; J. Fred Mitchell, Brewton, AL; A Goldmine Of Suffolk Marketing, Inc., Dept. HI-229 J. H. Morris, Baton Rouge, LA; George G. Sinopoli, Fresno, CA; Haskel Smith, Laurel, MS; 475 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10017 Dewey C. Spencer, Mabelvale, AR; Benjamin Musical Memories Please rush me the beautiful new treasury "50 OF B. Truskoski, Bristol, CT; Neal L. Thomas Jr., THE MOST LOVED RECORDS OF YOUR LIFE" Hundreds of thousands of people who Consultant, Colorado Springs, CO. in my choice of either 3 records, 3 cassettes, or 3 have heard this remarkable collection on 8-track tapes for the amazing low price of only $6.66 Copyright 1988 by The American Legion TV have already ordered. No other trea- each ($19.98 for all 3!) I understand that all 50 sury ever offered can compare with it. selections are full length and that I must agree that Price: annual subscription, $12.00; single copy, Every one ofthe 50 all-time favorite record- this is one of the most beautiful treasuries ever $2.00. To subscribe, send $12.00 ($18.00 in for- made or you will refund money immediately. eign countries) to Circulation Dept., P.O. Box ings is full length, exactly as originally re- my 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206. corded. Listening to these never-equalled I enclose $19.98. Send 3 Record Albums. million-seller favorites will stir more mem- I enclose $19.98. Send 3 Cassettes. Change of Address: Notify The American ories, and give you more pleasure, than I enclose $19.98. Send 3 8-Track Tapes. Legion's Circulation Dept., P.O. Box 1954, Indi- any other treasury you've ever heard. anapolis, IN 46206. Attach old address label, We Ship Free. No Postage or Handling. We Pay All Charges. provide old and new addresses and current Money Back Guarantee Charge to my: Visa MasterCard membership card number. Allow 8 weeks for American Express Diners Club change of address to take effect. Also notify your All 50 ofthe Most Loved Records OfYour local post adjutant directly at local post's address. 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MARCH 1988 3 Letters

In There is no such thing as a conscien- twisted rulings have for years given Slap The Face tious objector. There is only the dead- criminals the edge under the guise of "Taxes for Peace" (December) is a beat who wants to be given what patri- "civil rights," completely ignoring the slap in the faces of all veterans. There is otic Americans are willing to earn. rights of the victims. no such thing as a conscientious objec- Charles R. Miller Further, in all the years I worked, any tor. Either a man values his beliefs Ashford, Ala. job I got and any promotion or raise I enough to fight for them, or he has no received was the result of my own beliefs. He does not sit back and enjoy This article is interesting in a pecu- efforts. I worked hard, studied and the rights and privileges of American liar way. By permitting people to desig- earned what I got. My taxes shouldn't citizenship while others fight and die to nate that their taxes be spent only for go to pay some government agency that protect his way of life. non-military purposes, "they will now thinks that as a white male, I am guilty America is a great country and a fully uphold federal law without violat- of some sort of collective guilt for any great place to live, but only because we ing their consciences." act of discrimination against any minor- have fought to make it that way. If we Based on this line of reasoning, I ity for the past 500 years, and — stand forget that our rights and privileges find that someone is violating the hell back — that I should give up anything I were bought with the blood of patriotic out of my conscience. I was a New York have earned to a less-qualified person

Americans, and refuse to pay the same City cop for 20 years. I retired as a who has some sort of special privilege price to preserve what they paid so sergeant. I object to the fact that my because of race or nationality. dearly for, we deserve to lose those taxes have been used to pay federal I guess that if one taxpayer can rights. judges and agencies that in various object to his taxes being used for mili-

tary purposes, I should be able to object to my taxes being used to support the

above. Maybe I could even designate 'The Spirit OfThe Legion' that all my tax money be applied to the U.S. Marine Corps, in which I served Sixty-nine years that epochal document in human liberty in World War II. ago on the 15th day are those of The American Legion, Earl J. Paul of this month, a which The American Legion Weekly repre- Bellmore, N.Y. number of Ameri- sents. can "doughboys" "The Legion itself is a spontaneous Sen. Mark Hatfield has again pro- filed into the Cirque expression of purpose by those millions de Paris in the of Americans who helped crush autoc- posed legislation that would permit con- French capital. racy. Out of their common experiences scientious objectors to request that their They shed their through the dark months of the war have taxes be used solely for peaceful objec- ranks as they grown a comradeship and a patriotism tives. Similarly, we Christians and entered the room; slick-sleeved privates that are vitalized by their organization Jews who served in the military and are were on equal footing with the one-star into this single concrete force, which conscientious objectors to the "value- general was present. will stand always as a barrier against the who free," amoral education imposed upon Their purpose in meeting was to form forces of greed, ignorance and chaos. our "drafted" children in the public a veterans' organization, a fraternity of "The American Legion is the epitome schools should be allowed to apply a men and women whose love for America of that Americanism for which it stands. proportionate share of our taxes for the and comradeship was born in the car- Its voice is the majority voice of its mem- moral education of our children, which nage of "the war to end all wars." The bers: its will, the will of the many. Spon-

legacy of the Paris Caucus lives on taneous in inception, it has been demo- they need and once received. today, in the organization that was cratic in its development. There are no John Brabner Smith

spawned at that first gathering: The titles recorded on its rolls. It is free of Lovettsville, Va. American Legion. rank, of caste — and of partisanship. If it Four months after the Legion was seeks in full measure to serve those who formed, the organization sought to reach were in service, it seeks in fuller meas- The Last Resort all Americans. There never was a more ure to serve America. fitting day to launch that effort, as on "In this spirit The American Legion I am a U.S. Marine. While I was July 4, 1919, The American Legion has entered upon its mission. In this home on leave and reading my father's

Weekly, the forerunner to this magazine, spirit The American Legion Weekly sets December issue, I ran across the article rolled off the presses. upon its way." "A Call for the Draft." Sen. Ernest Hol- The cover of that first issue described On this 69th anniversary of The lings said in the article, "For hundreds "The Spirit of the Legion." and it is as American Legion and The American of thousands of undereducated, under- applicable today as then: Legion Magazine, which is devoutly skilled and unemployed young people, "NEW YORK, July 4, 1919 — The committed to its mission of excellence the military has become an employer of American Legion Weekly is born on this in service to this nationwide family of 143rd anniversary of the signing of the Legionnaires, we wish all a patriotic last resort." Declaration of Independence. Appropri- birthday. I can't speak for the rest of my mili-

ately so. The principles and ideals of The Editors tary counterparts, but I joined the

Marines not because I didn't have a

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high-school diploma or couldn't find a Lighting A Fire job, but because I wanted to serve my country the same way my father did in "Hardship Duty At Home" (January)

Korea. I was thoroughly disappointed enraged me enough to start scratching that a member of Congress has an out letters to local, state and federal attitude like that about our armed serv- politicians and to anybody else who

ices. I am one of the "sons of suburbia" may try to get some action started. to whom the senator referred. Here in Queens, local politicians are LCpl. Steven F. Smit trying to take over unused portions of Camp Pendleton, Calif. Fort Totten to be used for recreational purposes. I am sure that the Depart- The draft should be compulsory for ment of Defense knows about this, and

every young person, regardless of race I wonder what it is doing about it. PORTHOLE CLOCK or creed, upon completion of high When DoD can conduct a study that school or attaining the age of 18. Ever shows that 21 percent of military per- In Solid Oak and Brass! think how many thousands of youths sonnel live in substandard housing, I in For Ship or Shore! A classically styled would remain school to graduate? think it is time for that agency to get off Clock perfect for the captain's quarters., .or Service should be for four years: two its butt and do something. for your living room, den, rec room, or office! to learn how to protect this greatest William Burke Our special arrangements bring it to you at G. a very affordable LOW liquidation price! nation on Earth, and two to learn a Flushing, N.Y. trade to work in the greatest nation on • Beautifully Grained Genuine Oak Case. Earth. Thousands walk the street today • Polished, Solid Brass Outer Rings. What Danger? • Protective Glass Cover Lifts Up and on welfare — no skills, no jobs, no Locks Down with 2 Brass Twist Locks. responsibilities and no initiative. I am tired of the kind of sen- • Highly Accurate Quartz Movement Runs I agree with Hollings: Until the draft sationalist writing found in "Danger In on 1 "AA" Battery (Not Included). • Brushed Brass Dial with Black Hour is reinstated and it becomes "all for one Our Skies" (December). Markers and Hands. Red Second Hand. and one for all," there will be no con- While much of the article reports • Dial Shows Both Regular Time (1-12 cept whatever of service to country. facts, current plans, contentions, etc., AM/PM) and Ship's Time (00-23 Hours). • Dial Shows Minutes/Seconds (5-60). Joe Wilson it begins with the now-popular party • Measures Approx. 10" in Diameter. Sims, N.C. line that our little airplanes are running • Brass-Reinforced Hole on Back for Easy, into commercial aircraft all the time. Secure Wall Mounting. discipline of living and working The Believe it or not, general-aviation $ together in the service pays off in later Compare At 89.95 pilots are not eager to run into even benefiting the country life, besides by other "little airplanes," let alone one of providing an experienced Reserve. those big ones. Liquidation Interestingly, the article "ROTC Comes The article implies that accident rates Priced At . $39 Marching Back" is evidence that the Item H-3345-7254-196 are escalating at a terrible rate. This is stint Shipping, handling: $5.00 ea. youths of America will accept a of just not true. government service. Donald R. Shrank Alfred J. Murphy Jr. Mountain View, Calif. Credit card customers can order by Hillsdale, N.J. phone, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Toil-Free: 1-800-328-0609 Broken Promises

Prince Of Clowns As an Army veteran of World War II,

SEND TO: I was pleased to see the article on I would like to comment about Dr. HRP~? Authorized Liquidator 1405 Xenium Lane N/ Minneapolis, MN 55441-4494 Red Skelton in the November issue. I Gronvall's statement in the November Send Clock(s) Item H-3345-7254-196 at $39 each, am a high-school band director and am issue (Convention Highlights).

I plus $5.00 each for Insured shipping, handling. (Minne- ' sota residents add 6% sales tax. Sorry, no C O D. orders.) planning a concert to commemorate the I clearly remember that when I was

Constitution. I would like to use the discharged from the Army, the last

Pledge of Allegiance that Red made so statement I heard was: "Men, years My check or money order is enclosed (No delays in orders paid check famous. Could you please tell me from now you may need hospital and processing by )

where I can get a copy? medical care, and they will be there for -Exp. Jerome M. Stein free of charge." As a longtime, PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY you Glenwood, Minn. self-employed farmer, I now find that I services. Apt #_ am required to pay for those I that City Editor's note: The Pledge of Another broken promise. doubt Allegiance is available on parchmentfor Legionnaires in the rural Midwest $4.24, including postage and handling. would approve of the means test. Order from Red Skelton, P.O. Box 136, Max L. Speer Sign Here Anza, CA 92306. King City, Mo.

AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE I i To acquire, mail by March 31, 1988.

The Franklin Mint Franklin Center, PA 19091 Please enter my order for American Majesty, an original work of art in fine hand-painted porcelain at the issue price of $195* I need send no money now. I will be billed in five monthly installments of $39.* each, with the first payment due when my sculpture is ready. 'Plus my state sales tax and a total of$3. for shipping and handling.

SIGNATURE ALL ORDERS ARE SUBJECT TO ACCEPTANCE MRS MISS PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY

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CAUSE FOR CONCERN; CAUSE FOR PRIDE

IS with a rare mixture pages. Keep this list. Someday soon, Con- of deep concern and well- gress will be forced to confront this issue

deserved pride that I reflect again, and then, as now. The American

on the refusal of the U.S. Legion will be in the thick of it. We will be Congress to vote in favor of armed with a long memory and a commit- nTcontinuing aid to the Nica- ment to right the injustice of abandoning the raguan freedom fighters. only true hope for freedom in Central

I am concerned, even frus- America: the Nicaraguan freedom fighters. trated, by the inability or We cannot rest until this commitment is unwillingness of a small kept and the cancer of communism is eradi- majority of our elected representatives to cated from the Western Hemisphere. With recognize the threat to our national security the Contras abandoned and struggling posed by the Marxist Sandinistas — a threat democracies everywhere put on notice that that is so patently clear to those of us who the United States is a fair-weather ally at have visited Central America and met with best, our Congress must plot its own course the leaders of those troubled nations. for peace and freedom in Central America.

Never in history has a communist nation If it fails — and we sincerely hope it will evolved into a democracy; and never has not — our recourse will be found at ballot one honored any agreement that was adverse boxes across the nation.

to its Marxist-Leninist aims. Yet our own I extend my personal thanks to each Congress has apparently been swayed by member ofThe American Legion family for arguments having no foundation in history, advising each congressman of our position. Nat' I Cmdr. John P. "Jake" Comer and believed the saccharine promises of a I especially want to thank those Legion- $25,000-per-month New York public rela- naires and members of the Auxiliary in tions firm hired by the Sandinistas to disen- arrive at such junctures prepared and deter- Tennessee, Kentucky, Ohio, Pennsylvania, franchise the American people on this vital mined to do the right thing, despite dip- New York and Iowa who put forth that extra issue. Instead of heeding the warnings of lomatic, peer and party pressures. Truly, effort to persuade the "swing votes," and those of us who have dealt firsthand with some of our congressmen rose to the chal- who attended town meetings across the totalitarian regimes on the battlefields of the lenge by which history will measure them. nation to overcome the misinformation world, our Congress acted in accord with Far too many, though, succumbed to the about this issue.

the wishes of Daniel Ortega, the communist temptation to abandon our long-standing And I want to thank the hundreds of leader of the most oppressive government commitment to all who yearn to breathe free Legionnaires and members of the Auxiliary in Central America. and avoided the potential discomfort of who have gone on record as modern-day As one senator said. Congress has voted standing firm against an enemy of freedom. Minutemen by writing and telephoning to end the war in Central America the way it Now Congress alone must bear the burden their congressmen about this issue. voted to end the war in Vietnam — by cut- of responsibility to bring peace to Central You did not take these extraordinary steps

ting off the funds. I fear the outcome in America without committing U.S. troops, simply because I asked you to. You did it Central America may also be the same as in to curtail the inevitable waves of immi- because you, perhaps better than any other Vietnam, when the only true force for free- grants, and to bring stability and democracy group of Americans, know full well that

dom there was abandoned by Congress. to Central America without abandoning it to freedom is not free. Freedom often exacts a

Peace was indeed brought to Vietnam, but it the voracious appetite of a communist dic- high and painful price from those who

was a peace purchased at the price of untold tator whose hunger for power and territory would live under it; it calls for vigilance and human misery, deprivation and death. has only been whetted by victory on Capitol commitment from those who would con-

My anger and concern over this issue is Hill. tinue to do so. In the case of the heroic mitigated only by my pride in The American This battle is over, but the war rages on. freedom fighters, they have shown their Legion and the American Legion Auxiliary. The Contras have not quit; the people of willingness to pay the price in blood and will- Together we participated in what I consider Nicaragua have not quit; The American sweat and tears. You have shown your to have been the most determined and con- Legion has not quit. Now we must be vigi- ingness to buy freedom at whatever price certed campaign waged by The American lant. We must follow closely the Sandinistas' demanded — first in war, and now in the Legion since the battle for the GI Bill 44 promised compliance with both the letter quest for peace. years ago. But in this battle, the stakes and spirit of the Arias peace plan. And we We cannot rest, we will not rest, until our extended far beyond the immediate welfare must hold our own Congress accountable Congress returns to the course our Founding of veterans, and the consequences extend for keeping the pressure on Ortega and forc- Fathers plotted when they determined that far beyond our own borders. ing him to bring democracy to Nicaragua by all men are by right born to be free. And we As our congressmen prepared to cast returning to the principles of the revolution, will never be stilled until the principle by their individual votes for or against Contra all of which have, to this point, been which our own oppressed forefathers aid, our nation stood at one of those historic abandoned. sought liberty is conceded fully to all men, junctures by which national character and For your information, I am listing the all people, who struggle beneath the yoke of resolve are measured. Great statesmen outcome of the Contra-aid vote on these tyranny.

8 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE THE CONTRA-AID VOTE

Members of the House of Representatives who voted for Contra aid:

ALABAMA: Bevill (D), Callahan (R), Dickin- Myers (R). IOWA: Grandy (R). KANSAS: DeWine (R), Gradison (R), Kasich (R), Latta son (R), Erdreich (D), Flippo (D), Nichols (D), Meyers (R), Roberts (R), Whittaker (R). KEN- (R), Lukens (R), McEwen (R), Miller (R), Oxley Harris (D). ALASKA: Young (R). ARIZONA: TUCKY: Bunning (R), Hopkins (R), Hubbard (R), Regula (R), Wylie (R). OKLAHOMA: Kolbe (R), Kyi (R), Rhodes (R), Stump (R). (D), Rogers (R). LOUISIANA: Baker (R), Hayes Edwards (R), English (D), Inhole (R), Watkins ARKANSAS: Hammerschmidt (R), Robinson (D), Holloway (R), Huckaby (D), Livingston (R), (D). OREGON: D. Smith (R), R. Smith (R). (D). CALIFORNIA: Badham (R), Dannemeyer Roerner (D), Tauzin (D). MAINE: Snowe (R). PENNSYLVANIA: dinger (R), Couglin (R), (R), Dornan (R), Dreier (R), Gallegly (R), Herger MARYLAND: Bentley (R), Byron (D). MICHI- Gekas (R), Goodling (R), McDade (R), Murtha (R), Hunter (R), Konnyu (R), Lagomarsino (R), GAN: Broomfield (R), Davis (R), van der Jagt (D), Ridge (R), Ritter (R), Schulze (R), Shuster Lewis (R), Lowery (R), Lungren (R), McCand- (R), Pursell (R), Schuette (R), Upton (R). MIN- (R), Walker (R), Weldon (R). SOUTH CARO- less (R), Moorhead (R), Packard (R), Pashayan NESOTA: Frenzel (R), Stangeland (R), Weber LINA: Patterson (D), Ravenel (R), Spence (R), (R), Shumway (R), Thomas (R). COLORADO: (R). MISSISSIPPI: Dowdy (D), Lott (R), Tallon (D). TENNESSEE: Duncan (R), Lloyd Brown (R), Hefley (R), Schaefer (R). CONNEC- Montgomery (D). MISSOURI: Buechner (R), (D), Quillen (R), Sundquist (R). TEXAS: Archer TICUT: Johnson (R), Rowland (R). FLORIDA: Coleman (R), Emerson (R), Skelton (D), Taylor (R), Armey (R), Bartlett (R), Barton (R), Boulter Bennett (D), Bilirakis (R), Chappell (D), Fascell (R). MONTANA: Marlenee (R). NEBRASKA: (R), Chapman (D), Combest (R), DeLay (R), (D), Gibbons (D), Grant (D), Hutto (D), Ireland Bereuter (R), Daub (R), Smith (R). NEVADA: Fields (R), Hall (D), Leath (D), Ortiz (D), Smith (R), Lewis (R), McCollum (R), Mack (R), Nelson Vucanovich (R). NEW HAMPSHIRE: Gregg (R), Stenholm (D), Sweeney (R), Wilson (D). (D), Pepper (D), Shaw (R), Smith (D), Young (R). (R), Smith (R). NEW JERSEY: Courter(R), UTAH: Hansen (R), Nielson (R). VIRGINIA: GEORGIA: Barnard (D), Darden (D), Gingrich Gallo (R), Rinaldo (R), Roukema (R), Saxton Bateman (R), Bliley (R), Parris (R), Pickett (D), (R), Hatcher (D), Jenkins (D), Ray (D), Swindall (R), Smith (R). NEW MEXICO: Lujan (R), Sisisky (D), Slaughter (R), Wolf (R). WASHING- (R), Thomas (D). HAWAII: Saiki (R). IDAHO: Skeen (R). NEW YORK: DioGuardi (R), Fish TON: Chandler (R), Miller (R), Morrison (R). Craig (R). ILLINOIS: Crane (R), Davis (R), (R), Gilman (R), Kemp (R), Lent (R), Martin (R), WESTVIRGINIA: Mollohan (D). WISCONSIN: Fawell (R), Hastert (R), Hyde (R), Lipinski (D), McGrath (R), Molinari (R), Solomon (R), Strat- Gunderson (R), Petri (R), Roth (R), Sensen- Madigan (R), Martin (R), Michel (R), Porter (R). ton (D), Wortley (R). NORTH CAROLINA: brenner (R). WYOMING: Cheney (R). INDIANA: Burton (R), Coats (R), Hiler (R), Ballenger (R), Coble (R), McMillan (R). OHIO: Members of the House of Representatives who voted against Contra aid: ARIZONA: Udall (D). ARKANSAS: Alex- (D), Hoyer (D), McMillen (D), Mfume (D), Valentine (D). NORTH DAKOTA: Dorgan (D). ander (D), Anthony (D). CALIFORNIA: Ander- Morella (R). MASSACHUSETTS: Atkins (D), OHIO: Applegate (D), Eckart (D), Feighan (D), son (D), Bates (D), Beilenson (D), Berman (D), Boland (D), Conte (R), Donnelly (D), Early (D), Hall (D), Kaptur (D), Luken (D), Oakar (D), Bosco (D), Boxer (D), Brown (D), Coelho (D), Frank (D), Kennedy (D), Markey (D), Mavroules Pease (D), Sawyer (D), Stokes (D), Traficant Dellums (D), Dixon (D), Dymally (D), Edwards (D), Moakley (D), Studds (D). MICHIGAN: (D). OKLAHOMA: McCurdy (D), Synar (D). (D), Fazio (D), Hawkins (D), Lantos (D), Lehman Bonior (D), Carr (D), Conyers (D), Crockett (D), OREGON: AuCoin (D), DeFazio (D), Wyden (D), Levine (D), Martinez (D), Matsui (D), Miller Dingell (D), Ford (D), Henry (R), Hertel (D), (D). PENNSYLVANIA: Borski (D), Coyne (D), (D), Mineta (D), Panetta (D), Pelosi (D), Roybal Kildee (D), Levin (D), Traxler (D), Wolpe (D). Foglietta (D), Gaydos (D), Gray (D), Kanjorski (D), Stark (D), Torres (D), Waxman (D). COLO- MINNESOTA: Oberstar (D), Penny (D), Sabo (D), Kolter (D), Kostmayer (D), Murphy (D), RADO: Campbell (D), Schroeder (D), Skaggs (D), Sikorski (D), Vento (D). MISSISSIPPI: Walgren (D), Yatron (D). RHODE ISLAND: St (D). CONNECTICUT: Gejdenson (D), Kennelly Espy (D), Whitten (D). MISSOURI: Clay (D), Germain (D), Schneider (R). SOUTH (D), Morrison (D), Shays (R). DELAWARE: Gephardt (D), Volkmer (D), Wheat (D). MON- CAROLINA: Derrick (D), Spratt (D). SOUTH Carper (D). FLORIDA: Lehman (D), MacKay TANA: Williams (D). NEVADA: Bilbray (D). DAKOTA: Johnson (D). TENNESSEE: Cle- (D), Mica (D). GEORGIA: Lewis (D), Rowland NEW JERSEY: Dwyer (D), Florio (D), Guarini ment (D), Cooper (D), Ford (D), Gordon (D). (D). HAWAII: Akaka (D). IDAHO: Stallings (D). (D), Howard (D), Hughes (D), Rodino (D), Roe TEXAS: Andrews (D), Brooks (D), Bryant (D), ILLINOIS: Annunzio (D), Bruce (D), Collins (D), (D), Torricelli (D). NEW MEXICO: Richardson Bustamante (D), Coleman (D), de la Garza (D), Durbin (D), Evans (D), Gray (D), Hayes (D), (D). NEW YORK: Ackerman (D), Boehlert (R), Frost (D), Gonzalez (D), Leland (D), Pickle (D). Price (D), Rostenkowski (D), Russo (D), Savage Downey (D), Flake (D), Garcia (D), Green (R), UTAH: Owens (D). VERMONT: Jeffords (R). (D), Yates (D). INDIANA: Hamilton (D), Jacobs Hockbruekner (D), Horton (R), Houghton (R), VIRGINIA: Boucher (D), Olin (D). WASHING- (D), Jontz (D), McCloskey (D), Sharp (D), Vis- LaFalce (D), Manton (D), McHugh (D), Mrazek TON: Bonker (D), Dicks (D), Foley (D), Lowry closky (D). IOWA: Leach (R), Nagle (D), Smith (D), Nowak (D), Owens (D), Rangel (D), (D), Swift (D). WESTVIRGINIA: Rahall (D), (D),Tauke (R). KANSAS: Glickman (D), Slat- Scheuer (D), Schumer (D), Slaughter (D), Sol- Staggers (D), Wise (D). WISCONSIN: Aspin tery (D). KENTUCKY: Mazzoli (D), Natcher (D), arz (D), Towns (D), Weiss (D). NORTH (D), Kastenmeier (D), Kleczka (D), Moody (D), Perkins (D). LOUISIANA: Boggs (D). MAINE: CAROLINA: Clarke (D), Hefner (D), Jones (D), Obey (D). Brennan (D). MARYLAND: Cardin (D), Dyson Lancaster (D), Neal (D), Price (D), Rose (D),

Members of the Senate who voted for Contra aid:

ALABAMA: Heflin (D), Shelby (D). ALASKA: Breaux (D), Johnston (D). MAINE: Cohen (R). HOMA: Boren (D), Nickles (R). PENNSYL- Stevens (R), Murkowski (R). ARIZONA: MINNESOTA: Boschwitz (R). MISSISSIPPI: VANIA: Heinz (R). SOUTH CAROLINA: McCain (R). CALIFORNIA: Wilson (R). COLO- Stennis (D), Cochran (R). MISSOURI: Danforth Thurmond (R), Hollings (D). SOUTH DAKOTA: RADO: Armstrong (R). DELAWARE: Roth (R). (R), Bond (R). NEBRASKA: Exon (D), Karnes Pressler (R). TEXAS: Bentsen (D), Gramm (R). FLORIDA: Chiles (D), Graham (D). GEORGIA: (R). NEVADA: Hecht (R). NEW HAMPSHIRE: UTAH: Garn (R), Hatch (R). VIRGINIA: Warner Nunn (D). IDAHO: McClure (R), Symms (R). Humphrey (R), Rudman (R). NEW MEXICO: (R), Trible (R). WASHINGTON: Evans (R). INDIANA: Lugar (R), Quayle (R). IOWA: Domenici (R). NEW YORK: D'Amato (R). WISCONSIN: Kasten (R). WYOMING: Wallop Grassley (R). KANSAS: Dole (R), Kassebaum NORTH CAROLINA: Helms (R). OKLA- (R), Simpson (R). (R). KENTUCKY: McConnell (R). LOUISIANA:

Members of the Senate who voted against Contra aid:

ARIZONA: DeConcini (D). ARKANSAS: Melcher (D), Baucus (D). NEVADA: Reid (D). Adams (D). WESTVIRGINIA: Byrd (D), Rocke- Bumpers (D), Pryor (D). CALIFORNIA: NEW JERSEY: Bradley (D), Lautenberg (D). feller (D). WISCONSIN: Proxmire (D). Cranston (D). COLORADO: Wirth (D). CON- NEW MEXICO: Bingaman (D). NEWYORK: NECTICUT: Weicker (R), Dodd (D). GEORGIA: Moynihan (D). NORTH CAROLINA: Sanford Fowler (D). HAWAII: Inouye (D), Matsunaga (D). NORTH DAKOTA: Burdick (D), Conrad (D). ILLINOIS: Dixon (D), Simon (D). IOWA: (D). OHIO: Glenn (D), Metzenbaum (D). ORE- Did not vote: Harkin (D). KENTUCKY: Ford (D). MAINE: GON: Hatfield (R), Packwood (R). PENN- Mitchell (D). MARYLAND: Sarbanes (D), SYLVANIA: Specter (R). RHODE ISLAND: Pell DELAWARE: Sen. Biden (D). IOWA: Rep. Mikulski (D). MASSACHUSETTS: Kennedy (D), (D), Chafee (R). SOUTH DAKOTA: Daschle (D). Lightfoot (R). NEWYORK: Rep. Biaggi (D). Kerry (D). MICHIGAN: Riegle (D), Levin (D). TENNESSEE: Sasser (D), Gore (D). VER- TENNESSEE: Rep. Jones (D). TEXAS: Rep. MINNESOTA: Durenberger (R). MONTANA: MONT: Leahy (D), Stafford (R). WASHINGTON: Wright (D).

MARCH 1988 9 "

Dateline Washington

Poland's "business representatives" have been especially College Pays active spies in recent years, said Roth. a What's college education worth? The U.S. Census Roth said the bill was so watered-down in conference Bureau's latest available survey discloses that the annual committee that he is planning to introduce it again this year. income of college graduates is nearly double that of high- The compromise version would have applied only to non- school graduates. diplomatic persons, which defeated the purpose of the According to the report, college graduates average legislation. Roth said. a year high-school $23,000 and graduates earn $13,500; The bill would have prevented communist countries from dropouts earn only $8,300. Young Americans who went on establishing "trade missions" in California's Silicon Valley, to earn professional degrees raised their annual incomes to an the largest technical center in the United States. Roth esti- average of $46,500. mated that the travel restrictions, which already apply to The Census Bureau study in 1984 showed that 21 percent more than 2,000 Soviet personnel, would have affected of American adults have college degrees. Business about the same number of Warsaw Pact agents. accounted for 23 percent of the men's degrees and 15 percent of the women's. One-quarter of the women chose careers in Canal Control education, compared with only 9 percent of the men. In 12 years, control of the Panama Canal will be turned over to the government of Panama, under the terms of a New Thieves' Hangout treaty negotiated by President Carter and ratified by the The 68,000 automated teller machines at U.S. banks Senate after acrimonious debate.

apparently are making it almost as convenient for robbers as The debate has died down, but not out. Some members of

they are for customers. Crimes committed at or near ATMs Congress still are unhappy about the deal and regret it every now account for $100 million a year. time bad news pops up from that Central American republic. A Bank Administration Institute study found that most The Panamanians are edgy, too, expressing increasing violent ATM-related crimes occurred at machines that had no dissatisfaction about the roughshod manner in which Gen. security cameras and at sites that had no controlled access. Manuel Noriega runs the little country. He dismisses the Legislation has been introduced that would create security protests as being a conspiracy to delay Panama's final standards for ATMs and require the FBI to maintain national takeover of the 40-mile, two-ocean waterway. data on this growing crime problem. For its part, the anti-Noriega movement charges that U.S. displeasure with the general's regime could result in Amer- Public Privatizing? ica's reconsidering its decision to turn over control of the canal. Washington officials are monitoring the tense situation, The U.S. government is thinking about "privatizing" some but refuse to be quoted on the matter. federal operations in the name of efficiency and cost-effec-

tiveness. Heading the list of privatization candidates is the U.S. Postal Service. Budget Director James Miller has World War II Memorial

openly attacked the agency, calling it an "overmanned legal It's been more than 40 years since World War II ended. But monopoly" that should be turned over to the private sector in in the nation's capital, there is no monument to honor those order to improve service and lower costs. who served in that conflict. Rep. Marcy Kaptur of Ohio has Other federal operations that are prospects for privatiza- reminded Congress. tion are the Tennessee Valley Authority, the Customs Service, Kaptur and 65 other members of the House are sponsoring the National Institutes of Health, federal prisons, the Coast legislation that would establish a World War II Veterans' Guard and Amtrak passenger service. Memorial and Museum to pay tribute to the 16 million Conservative organizations have long advocated such Americans who served in that war. Of those, 400,000 made transfers of operations, and President Reagan, who also the ultimate sacrifice in defense of freedom around the espouses the principle, has set up a commission to study the world. matter. But Congress in the past has shown little liking for Kaptur said that only such a memorial can commemorate such turnovers. "those valiant men and women as well as give a sense of the times, the scope of the war, the numerous actors in that Surrogate Spies conflict, the multiple issues and goals that came into play in that war, and, of course, the enduring values to which our Congress has rejected a proposal by Sen. William V. Roth participation in that struggle was dedicated." Jr. of Delaware that would restrict "piggyback" spying by diplomats from Soviet-satellite countries. The U.S. government has long limited the movements of Quote Of The Month Soviet diplomats in the United States, but Warsaw Pact "Glasnost consists of the Soviet Union telling us how bad envoys essentially are free to travel wherever they please. As they've been while we tell them how good they are for telling a result, diplomats from East Germany, Poland, Hungary, us.

Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Romania and Cuba have been P. J. O'Rourke spying for the Soviets, under the control of the KGB. American journalist

10 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE . (

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Daytime Telephone ( ) For Visa, MasterCard or American Express, please send account number, expiration date and signature. Virginia residents please add tax. © AHF Big issues

SHOULD FEDERAL JUDGES RECEIVE LIFETIME APPOINTMENTS?

Sen. Gordon J. Humphrey, R-New Hampshire Sen. David L. Boren, D-Oklahoma

I count myself among The debate over how long the many Americans a federal judge should who have been frus- YES NO serve involves issues that trated by the arbitrary power that federal are central to our political process and courts have exercised over the past 30 provides fundamental insight into years. human nature. Too often, judges have subverted No human who has a lifetime appoint- democracy by imposing their own no- ment is able to restrain his authority at tions of policy rather than interpreting all times. While our system of checks the laws. Whether they are taking over school districts or and balances is designed to prevent abuses of power, we prisons, abolishing laws that prohibit immoral conduct, or seem to forego this caution for positions as sensitive as banishing all recognition of religion from public life, many those of federal judges. federal judges have aroused justifiable resentment. In order to rectify this situation, we must strike a balance So the temptation is to abolish life tenure for federal between the necessary independence of the judiciary from judges is strong. But my recent observations in the Senate political pressure and the need to hold judges accountable to convince me that we should preserve it as a safeguard against the public for the proper performance of their duties. a politicized judiciary and seek a solution elsewhere. I have proposed a constitutional amendment that calls for The recent rejection of Robert Bork for the Supreme Court 10-year terms for federal judges, who would be subject to illustrates the dangers of a politicized judiciary. Bork was the reconfirmation by the Senate after their terms have expired. most qualified nominee in 50 years, but his record was A 10-year term is long enough to protect judges against grossly distorted in a media campaign orchestrated by hostile daily political pressure so that they will be impartial and political-interest groups. fair. Bork's careful, reasoned approach to his confirmation Good judges could be reappointed, and the public would hearing unfortunately was buried in the skilled catch-phrases not be saddled with bad judges for life. of the heavily financed, high-profile media blitz of his While the majority of federal judges serve with distinc- special-interest opponents. This was a victory for petty tion and the proper respect for the law, there must be a way politics in the judiciary. to restrain those who do not. A judge is not and should not be a political candidate. During the drafting of the Constitution, many leading Campaigning for office and raising funds are overtly politi- scholars of the day envisioned this problem and objected to cal skills; they should not become criteria for the election of its life-tenure provisions forjudges. Since then, this section qualified judges. of the Constitution has often been considered and ques- The alternatives to life tenure — election, reconfirmation tioned. or recall of judges, or limiting them to fixed terms — would The question continues to arise because certain federal worsen politicization. Better checks against judicial abuse judges have chosen to legislate rather than rule in accord- include appellate review, the Federal Judicial Conduct Act ance with settled law. and the threat of impeachment. While the federal courts have the legitimate right and the More important, the kind of judges that a President ap- duty to protect citizens against unconstitutional acts by the points—and the Senate confirms — should be given emphasis other branches of government, they do not have the author- in our elections. That way, the popular will can properly ity to act as super-legislatures. influence judicial selection, without forcing judges them- The fight to change the tenure system has been a selves into the political arena, where they should not be. long process that began with the writings of Thomas Let's give these measures Jefferson. With my pro- a chance to work before we YOUR OPINION COUNTS, TOO posal, we can create a tamper with the principle of more-accountable judi- Senators and congressmen are interested in constituent view- life tenure, which has done ciary and encourage the points. You may express your views by writing The Honorable (name) much to ensure judicial in- U.S. Senate, Washington, D.C. 20510, or The Honorable (name), U S restraint of power that is dependence and thus pre- House of Representatives, Washington, D.C. 20515. essential to our democratic serve the rule of law. system.

14 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE .

WHO DARES, WINS! Vietnam... It was far away. It was hot. It was bloody. It was Vietnam. 1 ne dirtiest in America's history. war fought against an almost unseen It is not the critic who counts, not the ones who point out how the strong stumbled, or war A how the doer of deeds could nave done them better. The credit belongs to those actually enemy. Brutal to both mind and spirit. There were no flags waving, no in the arena, whose faces are marred by sweat and dust and blood. Who knew the great bands playing to welcome you and none when you came home. enthusiasm, the great devotion, and who spent themselves in a worthy cause. These For Vietnam vets the memories of the time they spent, the battles they were the winners. —Theodore Roosevelt fought and men they served with have become an inner strength. Yet, until now they could only be memories, no more! Now those memories can be FOR THOSE WHO SERVED WITH PRIDE commemorated in a very unique and personal way.

The First Personalized YOU HAVE THREE TOUR OF DUTY PLAQUE OPTIONS

Vietnam Tour Of Duty Service Plaque OPTION I: A COLLECTIBLE M16 A1 ASSAULT RIFLE. To After years of in-depth research into Army, Navy, give your Tour of Duty plaque the drama that it justly Marine Corps and Air Force records and archives, deserves, we will mount a detailed replica of the M16 on the center of your plaque. This version of the M16 is perfectly we've identified all of the major combat and support safe. It cannot fire actual rounds. It will operate on special units assigned to the Military Assistance Command, blow back cartridges which are ejected exactly like the real

Vietnam (MACV). And, we've created a detailed, his- weapon. It can be removed. This version sells for $495.00. torically accurate Order of Battle map depicting their OPTION II: THE CLASSIC MKII COMBAT KNIFE assignments, responsibilities, and important actions VERSION. This knife, with its camo grip and serrated blade, against the enemy in a unique and graphic format. will be personalized with your Division or Regimental crest etched on the blade. The grip will be further personalized For All Army, Navy, Marine Corps with the medallion of your particular branch of service. Your and Air Force Veterans MK will be released mounted at the base of your personalized after-action report of your unit so that its unique bal- If you served in Vietnam anytime between 1963 and ance, heft, and feel can be appreciated. A companion 1975, we have the combat history of your unit, and quick-release sheath is included. The price of this version can create authentic an and personalized history of is $395.00. your tour of duty. A personal tribute to those who OPTION III: THE CUSTOM ORDER OF BATTLE MAP. As a paid their in dues and became winners the eyes of third alternative, we can create your personalized Vietnam history. Tour of Duty Plaque without any embellishments. This version will still be personalized and will contain all the features as the M16 or the MKII Combat knife versions. CIA Briefing Map Identifies Your Unit The price of this standard version is $295.00. All of this information has been mounted onto an 8" TO ORDER official CIA briefing map which measures 30"x1 HOW Simply fill out this order form in full and mail today. Be sure and is framed in gold. This would be the Order of to include your method ot payment, and your daytime tele- Battle at exactly the time when you were there. Major phone number. combat units are identified by their shoulder patches or unit crests to add color and authenticity to the The National Varsity Club tor the map. Also depicted are the opposing forces of the Vietnam Veterans Commemorative Plaque Service NVA and the Viet Cong. PO Box 296. Department A Rumson. N J 07760 After Action Report Telephone (201)291-4200 Toll Free (800)-631-2180 8-6 pm ordering service E ST Included on your Tour of Duty Commemorative Yes, I wish to order my personalized Vietnam Commemorative Plaque is your personal "After Action Report." This Tour of Duty Service Plaque. I understand that it takes 10 to 12 memorializes action the and accomplishments of weeks to produce after my deposit is received your unit. . .the battalion or regiment you served with Please ship when completed. ...the unit you'll never forget. The Mi 6 Assault Rifle Plaque at $495 (plus shipping) The Gerber MKII Combat Knife Version at $395 (plus ship- Personal Brass Presentation Plate ping) Affixed to the plaque will be a personal brass plate The Standard Order of Battle Map at $295 (plus shipping) engraved with your name, rank, dates of service and Name muni where served. This will complete the link between FIRST NAME MIDDLE INITIAL those who were in the Armed Forces during the Viet- Current Address: nam years, and those who fought or served in other American Wars. City

Your Personal Decorations Will Also Be Featured Daytime Telephone Number: You served with pride. You distinguished yourself as METHOD OF PAYMENT an American Fighting Man. This commemorative My deposit of $95 00 (or credit card authorization) is enclosed When my personalized plaque is ready tor shipment, I'll pay the plaque would not if be complete your personal deco- balance. rations were not displayed as authentic documenta- In full, charge my credit card. tion of your service and courage. So, they will be My payment in full is enclosed mounted with your badges, insignia and chevrons, Charge my credit card for the balance in equal monthly pay- even your dog tags. ments. Check or money order will be sent upon receipt of invoice Why You Will Be Delighted With Your Personalized Please charge VISA . MasterCard P. American Vietnam Tour Of Duty Plaque. Express Back when we were first considering whether to produce (Shipping will be added to last payment.) the Vietnam Commemorative Tour of Duty Service I I I I I I I I M I I I I I I I Plaque, we were pretty much in the same situation you're Card No in now. We knew the archives and records were there, Expiration Dale somewhere in the depths of the Pentagon and the Office Signature of the Chief of Military History, but it wasn't until we Preliminary Army, Navy. Marine Corps. found what we needed, that we knew really we had Air Force Questionnaire something great. 1 What were the dates of your Military Service? As it turned out, the maps and records furnished to us by the Defense Mapping Special Bonus Video Cassette Agency and various Division and Regimental archives were far better than we could With your order, you will also receive a FREE possibly have imagined. Here was stuff we never knew existed. We were able to video cassette featuring the combat activi- recreate the Order of Battle at any time from 1963 to 1974. This is the kind thing of ties which took place at the time when you Rank or Grade al discharge _ you can get excited about whether you're a Vietnam veteran or not. We knew right were in Vietnam. This hour-long action pro- Attached to what unit(s)? then, we would have a winner with the Vietnam Personalized Tour of Duty Plaque gram will bring back to your memory those We're sure you'll agree. pressure-filled moments when you were a 5 Branch. Division. Regiment. Battalion. Brigade If your personal plaque is not everything we say it is, return it, and you've lost member of a great fighting team. A perfect nothing. A detailed request for information will be mailed to you after we But our hunch is, if you were one of those who served with pride in Nam companion to your personalized Vietnam receive your order and deposit ...you'll keep it. commemorative recognition plaque. DOW JONES AMERICA'S FINANCIAL BAROMETER

throughout the trading day, and the By Gary Turbak closing figure commonly appears in newspapers and on evening-news OU hear it every day: broadcasts. In August 1896, the The stock market is DJIA was at its record low of 28.48.

off 20 points, up 35 In November 1972 it broke the 1000

points or — as was mark. In August 1987 it peaked at true on Oct. 19 — 2722.42. down a whopping "The Dow expresses overall mar- 508 points. But it is ket trends fairly well," said Monte not the market as a Gordon, vice president and director whole that people are of research for Dreyfus Corp. "But talking about. The number that runs individual stocks can vary widely up and down, sometimes like a run- from the Dow. Small investors can away elevator, is the Dow Jones best use the Dow as a general indi- industrial average. The Dow is not cator of what the market is doing." the stock market, but for millions of He stressed the word "general." people it might as well be. "The Dow should never be the only There are four Dow Jones aver- instrument you use in buying and ages—one for 30 industrial firms, selling stocks," he said. one for 20 transportation com- Critics also say that the DJIA panies, one for 15 utilities and one doesn't mirror the entire stock mar- that covers all 65 of these stocks. ket the way it used to. Largely The industrials get the most atten- absent from the blue-chip Dow are tion, however. When newscasters firms representing the service, mention the Dow Jones average or media, health-care and high-tech BULLISH OR BEARISH -Although still popular simply "the Dow," they usually are sectors of the economy. "It is a nar- as a market indicator, the Dow no longer referring to the industrial average. row index," said Seibel. "In fact, reflects stock prices. In the 1890s, financial journalist small investors might be better off Charles Dow (whose partner was watching some of the other indexes, Edward Jones) created the DJIA as a fading stars. Because the DJIA covers which are more representative of the snapshot of the entire stock market. only 30 stocks (other indexes include total economy."

Dow computed his average by sum- many more), it is considered to be a Another criticism of the DJIA is that ming the prices of a dozen leading somewhat narrow barometer of market it no longer reflects stock prices. Some industrial stocks and dividing by 12. activity. people have called for the Dow to be The result, expressed in terms of points Charles Dow's simple arithmetic deflated — perhaps to one-tenth of its rather than dollars, was his industrial also has changed. Today, the DJIA is current value — so that it might more average. Of course, the figure also computed by totaling the 30 stock accurately reflect the prices of the represented the average price of the prices and dividing not by 30, but by a stocks it measures. This, of course, 12 stocks. much smaller number that changes would destroy the Dow's continuity,

Since then, the number of companies periodically; currently, it is less than 1. making it difficult to compare past in the list has grown to 30, including This has been necessary to keep the figures with today's. such firms as American Telephone & Dow from losing its continuity after It's unlikely, however, that either the Telegraph Co., Eastman Kodak Co., numerous stock splits and changes in Dow or its influence is likely to change. General Electric Co., International the listed firms. Investors around the world have made Business Machines Corp., and Sears, Consequently, the DJIA long ago the Dow an institution. Roebuck and Co. The roster changes stopped representing the dollar cost of It's important to remember, though, occasionally, as new leaders replace an average blue-chip industrial stock. that the Dow is not a sentient being or

Rather, it has become an index that an infallible predictor. "The Dow," said Award-winning journalist Gary Turbak is measures, in non-dollar terms, the over- Gordon, repeating a Wall Street epi- a regular contributor to this and other all trend of the market. gram, "has correctly predicted nine of leading general-interest magazines. The Dow is continuously computed the past five recessions."

16 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Call Toll Free 1-800-527-3644 (Operator 40) Between 9:00a.m. and 4:00p.m. (E.S.T.) and charge it to your Visa or Mastercard.

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J \ J \1 STRUGGLING, BUT STRONG

Increased taxes for American citizens are probable

if the United States is to balance the budget and continue to have a strong defense program, noted economist Herbert Stein says in this exclusive interview.

American Legion Magazine: What does the stock- Volcker's success, because he violated all the rules. He didn't market crash of last October portend for the U.S. follow any rule of stable monetary growth. I think the main economy? thing he had was a willingness to change policy rather quickly. decline increases the Dr. Herbert Stein: The market I think we will continue to have that. But I wouldn't want chance of a recession, possibly by the end of 1988. The to predict that from now on, we are going to have the slow, decline in asset values and the accentuated uncertainties will non-inflationary growth that we had under Volcker. I think have a negative effect on both consumer spending and that at some point there will be mistakes; we will have some business investment. But I do not believe that a near-term inflation, we will have a recession. I think we have learned to recession is the most probable outcome. I might put it this avoid serious recessions and probably have learned how to way: If the chance of a recession in 1988 was 1 in 10 before avoid long-term inflation.

the market decline, it might be 1 in 5 now. Q. When might we have this recession? Q. What is your reaction to doomsayers" predictions A I don't see any way to time it. We are not yet seeing that we're headed for a major depression? excessive speculation or inventory accumulation, so I The chance of a depression is even less than that of a A don't see the basis for a recession at this time . The only reason recession. It is possible, however, if we behave stupidly I think we'll have a recession is that we always do. — which, of course, cannot be ruled out. The main thing is that monetary policy must be free to support the economy and Q. As part of the cyclical nature of our economy? not be diverted by inconsistent goals, such as supporting the dollar. As long as we are not struggling to get a very high Yes. inflation rate down, and as long as our monetary authorities are able to support the economy, I don't think we're going to Q- Can we safely rule out any return to double-digit have any major depression. inflation for the foreseeable future? A I don't see any reason to predict a return to this, at least Q» In other words, you believe that we now have suffi- not until we go through a period in which people forget cient built-in safeguards? about the great trauma of inflation in the 1970s. If that A I think that the built-in safeguards, plus the discre- happens, people will get anxious and ambitious, and try to tionary policy of the Federal Reserve Bank, will keep us pump up the economy faster than it has been growing, and try from having a serious depression. to get the unemployment rate down below whatever level we have. Then, at this point, we would start off on another

Q> Are you confident that former Fed chairman Paul inflationary path. But I don't think that is likely to happen

Volcker's anti-inflation policy will continue? soon. I think we will wait until we have forgotten the experi- A Yes, in the sense that the Federal Reserve is behaving in ence of the 1970s. a rather flexible and pragmatic way to restrain inflation for at least the near future. Nobody can quite explain Q. How serious are our foreign-trade deficit; our status

18 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Economist Herbert Stein, a former presidential adviser, is a senior fellow at the American Enterprise Institute in Washington, D.C. as the world's No. 1 debtor; and the federal budget deficit, performed pretty well in spite of the trade deficit and in spite which just doesn't seem to want to go away? What, if of our federal budget deficit. anything, can we do to resolve these difficulties? The problem with the budget deficit is that it is reducing A I don't think the trade deficit is a great problem for the the amount of the American people's savings that are avail- country as a whole. It has been a problem for some able to finance productive investment; those savings are people in some industries that were affected by foreign instead being used to finance the budget deficit. I think that competition. But the trade deficit was the opposite side of an means that Americans' future incomes will not be as high as influx of capital that made us the world's No. 1 debtor, and they might have been. I also think that the deficit will be that capital helped support many industries in the United smaller. At the same time, however, we would be better off

States. So the country as a whole did not suffer from this without the deficit if we could reduce it in the right way. combination of trade deficit and capital inflow. Would I cut the defense program in order to reduce the

The composition of our output shifted somewhat, but budget deficit? No. I think it's more important to defend the during this whole period, with the trade deficit rising to a new country than to reduce the budget. Would I cut a lot of other high, we have had normal recovery of the economy, strong government expenditures instead? Yes. I guess there are growth in employment and a decline in unemployment. All expenditures that should be cut in order to reduce the budget those measures of the total behavior of the economy have Please turn to page 66

MARCH 1988 19 GRAMM - RUDMAN - HOLLINGS BUDGET. OR SUFFER CUTS

The cuts required under Gromm-Rudman-Hollings were never intended to replace policy, says Sen. Phil Gramm, co-author of the balanced-budget law. "They were meant to be a club in the closet to force Congress and the administration to do what their duty was in the first place."

American Legion MagazinelYou and senators Wai ren Rudman and Ernest Hollings introduced a deficit- HOW THE DEFICIT AFFECTS YOU reduction plan in 1985. Why was that plan proposed, and has it worked? THE national deficit affects the average taxpayer in Sen. Gramm: It became clear in 1982 that this administra- several ways, according to Sen. Phil Gramm of tion was going to achieve all of its goals: It was going to stop Texas, co-author of the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings

runaway inflation, it was going to put Americans back to balanced-budget law. First, it means that the govern-

work, it was going to rebuild national defense and it was ment is forced to borrow a lot of money; therefore, it going to get Social Security back in the black. But it also was competes against Americans who are seeking loans for clear that unless something changed, it was not going to homes, farms and new factories, Gramm said. This balance the national budget. This deficit represented a means higher interest rates for Americans who plan to genuine peril to the future of our nation and to every working buy new automobiles or new homes, and for those who family in America. The mounting debt cast doubt on the simply want to borrow money to send their children to government's ability to meet its obligations. college.

By mid- 1985, Rudman, Hollings and I had developed a If it weren't for the deficit, Gramm said, the money five-year plan that we believed would curb the deficit. It was the government had to borrow last year — roughly $175 a simple plan. It stated that we definitely were facing an billion — could have gone into the private sector to

economic emergency and that during each of the five years create new jobs. Instead, it was siphoned off to pay for of Gramm-Rudman-Hollings, the administration would be the deficit. In addition, the deficit has driven up interest required to submit a budget that reduced the national deficit rates, inducing the Japanese and West Germans to buy until it reached zero. U.S. -government bonds; this resulted in an inflated GRH also required Congress to ignore any budget that did dollar value. When that happens, according to Gramm, not meet spending targets. The administration was required to American goods become less competitive in foreign implement automatic, across-the-board cuts with only a few markets, and foreign goods become more competitive exemptions, such as Social Security and some veterans' in the American market. programs. You must understand that the cuts never were The final effect is that Americans are now paying meant to substitute as policy; rather, they were meant to be a more interest each year on the national debt than they club in the closet to force Congress and the administration to did under John F. Kennedy's administration. Interest do what their duty was in the first place. rates continue to increase every year, and they are rates that our children and grandchildren will have to pay, Q- Changes in GRH were made recently. What were Gramm said. they? He said that Americans can help curb the deficit by A The changes force us to do what the law originally Please turn to page 56 intended: to meet a budget deadline each year, or face

20 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Sen. Phil Gramm of Texas, a former economics professor at Texas A&M University, is a member of the Senate Banking, WHAT'S THAT IN REAL MONEY? Housing and Urban Affairs Committee, and co-author of the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings balanced-budget law. THE United States today owes about $2.4 trillion, according to the federal government's Joint Com- $23 billion worth of automatic cuts in domestic programs and mittee on Taxation. What does that mean in "real defense spending. Let me remind you that $23 billion is not money"? If every man, woman and child in America heavy lifting when you're spending $1.06 trillion each year. were required to contribute an equal share of the The new law also makes automatic cuts the function of the national debt, the "real money" would be about Office of Management and Budget. $10,000 per person. That means that a 40-hour blue-collar worker would 0. Doesn't the new GRH also extend the target year for a have to make at least $5.21 per hour, before taxes and balanced budget? deductions, just to pay his fair share of the national debt. Yes. Instead of reaching zero deficit by 1991, the new A Next year, it will be more. With the deficit growing law extends the date to 1993 — a more realistic target at about $ 10 billion per month, the national debt should year. exceed $2.5 trillion in 1989. The pro-rata share for every American will exceed $10,500, which will CL GRH has been criticized as being unfair to agencies, require the same blue-collar worker to earn more than such as the VA, that have exercised fiscal responsibility for $5 .50 per hour to pay his fair share. years. Is it unfair? A Well, you have to remember that the across-the-board cuts are only a disciplining device. One of the problems realize that we're going to have to go through Valley Forge to with across-the-board cuts is that not all government pro- get to Yorktown in our war against the deficit. Somebody had grams have contributed to the budget deficit. That's one of the to step forward and be a leader on this issue, and had it been reasons why we exempted veterans' pensions and depen- someone else, I would have been more than happy to let him dents' indemnity and compensation, and limited GRH's have the honors. effect on veterans' health-care programs. On the other hand, when you're talking about government agencies, you can't CL Sen. Rudman has been quoted as saying that GRH is very well cut spending for government employees in one area a "bad idea whose time has come." Do you agree? and not in another. Alt's a bad idea except when you compare it with every Again, the goal of GRH is to set priorities. If they are previous idea. Some people have criticized GRH from achieved, there won't be any cuts. I'm acutely aware that the standpoint that Congress simply should do its job. One balancing the budget is popular in the abstract, but it's function of American government is to limit what govern- unpopular when hard decisions about cuts must be made. I Please turn to page 56

MARCH 1988 21 PRO

Should We Raise Taxes To Cut The Deficit?

N THE wake of seven time has come to get the job done. years of borrow-and- For too long, we have allowed the spend fiscal policy, the President to browbeat us on the issue of President who said that taxes. White House minions say that we should "stand tall" has Congress wouldn't dare propose new brought America to its revenue as part of a deficit-reduction knees. The task before the package. next administration is to They boast that the President has clear away the wreckage "potty-trained" the Democrats on this and get our nation back on a firm foot- issue. Meanwhile, The Washington Post ing. It's time to talk turkey about taxes. ridicules our cowardice, our fear of Yet even today, there are those who using the dreaded "T-word" in polite insist that we can grow our way out of company. This is a sorry spectacle. triple-digit deficits — without pain, The challenge before the next admin- without draconian budget cuts, without istration will be to summon the courage new taxes. This is vintage 1981 supply- to reverse our current reckless course. side wishful thinking. As you may We can balance the budget, but not by remember, 1981 was the year when we slashing taxes and begging the Japa- were told that economic growth would nese to continue financing our spend- permit us to slash taxes, boost defense Sen. Ernest F. Hoi lings ing binges. If the budget is to be

and balance the budget by 1984. That balanced, it will be done the old- was the year when the national debt fashioned way: by decreasing spending was $1 trillion — less than half today's and increasing taxes. "There is no sane level. Our last, best hope is to stick to the Conversely, there are those who still politician in Gramm-Rudman-Hollings discipline of insist that deficits don't matter. But in phased deficit reductions. In addition, fact, these deficits already are having Washington who we should enact a $ 10-per-barrel oil- an insidious effect on our national econ- doesn't realize import fee. And we should pass a 10 omy. The first thing our government percent value-added tax on consumer does each day — seven days a week — is that new revenue purchases other than necessities such as borrow another $500 million to pay food, health care and housing. All VAT is the indis- interest on the money that it has already revenue would be earmarked strictly borrowed. pensable key." for deficit reduction. And if this new More than 50 cents of every citizen's VAT tax has the side effect of reining in tax dollar now goes to finance the Americans' debt-financed spending national debt. That half-dollar doesn't Federal spending can and must be cut binge, so much the better. buy roads, food stamps, health care or further. But after five years of cutting There is not a sane politician in

national defense. All it does is pay for federal expenditures, spending still Washington who doesn't realize that yesterday's profligacy and folly — and runs $150 billion ahead of revenue. The new revenue is the indispensable key to we and our children's children will be bottom-line budget reality is this: real deficit reduction. Responsible paying that same interest money year Among reasonable people, there is a politicians are more akin to the Cow- after year until Judgment Day. solid consensus that defense spending ardly Lion, who lacked courage, than Worse, that half-dollar doesn't even must at least keep pace with inflation. to the Scarecrow, who lacked a brain.

stay in this country. Instead, it goes The same is true of Social Security, We know in our heads what needs to be straight into the pockets of the Japanese veterans' benefits and basic programs done. The only question is: Do we have investors who are buying our govern- to aid needy Americans. Accordingly, the hearts, and the honesty, to do it?

ment bonds by the billions. In a few if we agree that we need a trillion-dollar When it comes to deficit reduction short years, we have become a debtor government, we are going to have to and taxes, the best politics is no poli-

nation. In terms of national financing pay for it. tics. The President has insisted that it is arrangements, the United States is now Common sense dictates that revenue "morning in America." In reality, it is virtually a Third World country. is the indispensable key to real deficit the morning after. We have overin- reduction as well as reduction of the dulged, and it's time to sober up. I ask Sen. Ernest F. Hoilings of South debt itself. For six years now, we have my colleagues to forget about the next Carolina is co-author of the Gramm- nickeled and dimed, cut and pasted, election and start thinking about the Rudman-Hollings balanced-budget law. dillied and dallied on the budget. The next generation. D

22 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE CON Should We Raise Taxes To Cut The Deficit?

MUMHH HOSE who say that the tax increases argue that this $350 bil- American people should lion is not enough to reduce the deficit MB pay more taxes to help from its current level of $150 billion. I reduce the deficit remind argue that it is — provided that Congress me of medieval physi- takes steps to control federal spending. HH cians who believed that Here are a few ideas for congressional I bloodletting was the cure consideration: H for everything — even ane- • Legislate a two-year freeze on dis- HBnnBBI mia. Raising taxes is like cretionary spending for domestic and economic leeching; it saps the strength defense programs. This does not of the economy while burdening the include Social Security or military taxpayer with the task of reducing the retirement. deficit. Deficit reduction does not lie in • Phase out subsidies for agricultural raising taxes, but in cutting federal products. spending. • Enact an early-retirement option The federal government provides for federal employees. This could save many valuable services to the millions more than $2 billion over the next five of American veterans who have served years. this country. But they should not be • Trim growth in military procure- expected to pay more for these services Sen. William V. Roth Jr. ment by postponing the acquisition of in the form of higher taxes. Americans, additional aircraft carriers. including our veterans, are not under- • Cancel spending for unnecessary taxed— Congress is overspending. "Giving Congress water, energy, highway and urban- Instead of adjusting its spending to development action-grant programs. its income, as families and businesses more foxes to • Review the Grace Commission's are forced to do, Congress spends recommendations for additional solve the budget whether or not it has the money. Giving savings through reducing waste and Congress more taxes to solve the mismanagement. deficit is like budget deficit is like making Dracula • Give the President line-item-veto the head of the blood bank. moking Droculo authority to reduce pork-barrel spend- Besides being economically unsound, the heod of the ing by Congress. raising taxes to reduce the deficit does • Adopt a balanced-budget Constitu- not work. An Ohio University study blood bonk." tional amendment. that I released last year reported that in During the economic expansion, the postwar period, Congress spent 14.5 million new jobs have been

$1.58 for every additional dollar of spending often try to blame the 1981 created, family income has risen 1 1 per- taxes raised. In other words, more taxes tax cuts for the deficit problem, ignor- cent after inflation and the unemploy- only whet Congress' insatiable appetite ing the fact that federal revenue will ment rate has fallen to about 6 percent. for more spending. have shot up 73 percent since 1980. To The Reagan economic-recovery pro- In 1987, total federal spending passed those who suggest that the Kemp-Roth gram, with the Kemp-Roth tax cuts as the $1 trillion mark for the first time in tax cuts, which reduced taxes by 25 its centerpiece, has accomplished this American history. In 1988, federal percent across the board, were a mis- without pushing up inflation. We spending will increase another $50 bil- take, I ask: Would you like your taxes to should not jeopardize this progress by lion or so, despite the much-heralded increase by 25 percent? That's what burdening the economy with onerous 1987 budget summit. This means that would happen if we repeal the Kemp- tax increases. between 1980 and 1988, federal Roth tax-cut law. Congress should not fall into the trap spending will have increased about A "tax America first" policy won't of raising taxes as a means of reducing 80 percent. solve our budget problem. The problem the deficit. The federal government It is this pace of federal-spending is not a shortage of revenue: Over the must learn to live within its means. growth that has generated big budget next five years, federal revenue will Until it learns this lesson, Congress deficits. Advocates of big government increase an average of nearly $70 bil- will continue to spend every dime of lion each year without any change in available revenue — and then some. The Sen. William V. Roth Jr. ofDelaware is a tax law. By fiscal 1992, the amount of Constitution gives Congress power member of the Senate Subcommittee on revenue collected will be almost $350 over the national purse. Congress must Taxation and Debt Management. billion more than in 1987. Advocates of learn self-restraint.

MARCH 1988 23 IS IT JUSTIFIED?

II, even during the heyday of the Cold David B. Rivkin Covert action is a By Jr. War, when the CIA was unfettered with vital tool of foreign legal restrictions, the results of the 0ECENT revelations about CIAs paramilitary operations were policy. Yet critics the Iran-Contra affair and say paltry. The nation failed to sustain in- the continuing contro- it threatens the rights digenous anti-Soviet movements in the versy about the current Baltic countries, the Ukraine and East- administration's policy of citizens. ern Europe. In China, the resistance to of supporting anti-Soviet Mao Tse-tung collapsed, although rebel movements refo- rebels in Tibet held out well into the cused media and con- 1960s. Then, of course, there is the gressional attention on What is covert action? Not every- most celebrated failure of them all: the covert operations. Covert action now thing that intelligence agencies do con- Bay of Pigs. appears to be caught in a political and stitutes covert operations. Much of Granted, the United States had some constitutional crossfire. their energy is spent on collecting and successes in the Cold War, most notably analyzing information — an indispensa- in Iran and Guatemala. Commenting ble task in a world full of threats to on this, Allen Dulles, perhaps the CIAs David B. Rivkin Jr., an attorney and American national security. Clearly, in most famous chief, wrote: foreign-policy analyst, has written a nuclear age we cannot afford to suffer "In Iran, a Mossadegh, and in Guate- numerous articles on executive branch- another Pearl Harbor. mala, an Arbenz, had come to power congressional relations. However, knowing about develop- through the usual processes of governments is simply not enough. Frequently, ment and not by any communist coup, the United States seeks to influence as in Czechoslovakia. Neither man at events. This is where covert operations the time disclosed his intention of creat- come in. They are designed to influence ing a communist state. When this pur- developments abroad to benefit U.S. pose became clear, support from out- national security. What distinguishes side was given to loyal anti-communist such operations from run-of-the-mill elements in the respective countries — diplomacy is the fact that they are in one case, to the shah's supporters; in carried out so that U.S. involvement is the other, to a group of Guatemalan not apparent. patriots. In each case, the danger was Yet over the years, covert operations successfully met." have become one of the most controver- Prados, however, asserted that inso-

sial U.S. foreign-policy instruments. It far as the shah fell in 1979, even U.S. is often said that covert actions, and achievements did not last. McGeorge particularly paramilitary operations, Bundy, formerly a national-security nearly always fail — if not immediately, adviser in the Kennedy and Johnson over the long haul. For example, administrations, also claimed that "the according to John Prados' recent book, dismal historical record of paramilitary Presidents' Secret Wars: CIA and Penta- operations over the past 25 years is gon Covert Operations Since World War entirely clear." Yet disagreements over covert action usually conceal a broader dispute over RIGHT OR WRONG? - The Iran-Contra the desirability and feasibility of inter- hearings and star witness Lt. Col. Oliver North have prompted a nationwide con- fering in the affairs of other countries. troversy over the necessity for covert Even those who admit that some inter- action. ventions may be justified disagree on

24 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE the unpalatable alternatives are to do FIGHT FOR CONTROL - Congress has nothing or send in the Marines. To inter- challenged the right of the President to use the State Department, the CIA and vene only in those circumstances where other agencies to conduct "secret wars" success is assured would mean not through covert operations. intervening at all and abdicating our O say that covert responsibility as a pillar of Western defense. in the U.N. Charter notwithstanding, action is legal and In fact, in today's world of terrorism, there is no such binding international- useful does not mean regional instabilities, low-intensity law principle. As far as morality is con- conflict and political obstacles to the cerned, as John Stuart Mill aptly that it should be overt use of American military force, pointed out, non-intervention only by used on all occasions. covert operations loom as an ever- democracies would result in a situation more-important tool of American state- in which "the wrong side may help the Q * craft. At the same time, it is important wrong, but the right side must not help to acknowledge that such operations the right." when they are appropriate. also face far greater obstacles than in Still, critics contend that covert

To a large extent, these disputes the past. acion is unconstitutional. It is true that reflect more fundamental differences. For one thing, public opinion has covert action is not specifically men- Those who view the international scene changed. Perceptions of an acute Soviet tioned in the Constitution, yet it has a in Manichaean terms, in which demo- threat, justifying almost any U.S. constitutional basis. It is well within cratic countries are fundamentally good response, have largely dissipated. the scope of the President's foreign- and totalitarian adversaries are funda- Also, the sense of bipartisanship and affairs powers. Beginning with George mentally evil, usually have no diffi- presidential-congressional cooperation Washington, covert action became a culty embracing covert action. on foreign policy that was so prevalent staple of American democracy. Presi- Others, who have embraced the fash- during the post-war years is no longer dents from Eisenhower to Reagan ionable premise of moral equivalence with us. Congress in particular has issued executive orders affirming their or who contend that the United States become deeply ambivalent about authority to conduct covert actions. has become a negative force in the covert operations. Congress has fully supported this world rarely are covert-action propo- The legality of covert action often pattern of presidential actions. Over the nents. has been challenged. Some critics con- years, Congress has authorized and Though we have suffered failures, tend that these operations violate inter- ratified the executive branch's pursuit this is no reason to give up on covert national law, which allegedly prohibits of covert actions by appropriating action. Frequently, covert operation is intervention in the affairs of other coun- money for them, and later by enacting the only available course of action — tries. Strong, argumentative language Please turn to page 62

MARCH 1988 25 SMALL BUSINESS THE GREATAMERICAN DREAM

Zobian-Lindahl started JBI F MOM and apple pie are and Lisa capitalize on the lack of two of the greatest Ameri- By George Mair Inc. in 1977 to joggers. They can idols, a third has to be clothing for women profit the first year, the Great American Dream made a $30,000 every year of owning your own busi- and their business has grown ness. Just ask Joe Booker For many people, since. For many people, the Great Amer- or Hinda Schreiber- being their own is to their boss and Miller. ican Dream be own a lot of money from their inde- Booker quit his job as boss and making make Yet some people worry that an executive of a California computer pendence. a lot of money future of small business in America company in 1982 and started Vertex the is in jeopardy. Peripheral Corp., which merged with is still The The early 1980s were terrible for Pream Corp. in 1985. Today, he is presi- of them col- dent of Pream, which has gross sales of Great American small businesses. Many like houses of cards in a wind- $140 million a year. Schreiber-Miller lapsed Dream. storm. The number of business failures

it dipped to 6,619 in George Mair, a Washington, D.C. -based in 1973 was 9,345; skyrocketed to 25,346 in author andfree-lance journalist, special- 1978 and 1982. izes in social issues in America.

MAGAZINE 26 AMERICAN LEGION .

DRIVING FORCE— Despite the high fail- sus Bureau reported a 47 percent jump ure rate, small business is the primary in the number of black-owned firms source of new jobs and innovations in between 1977 and 1982. In 1984, Dun the United States. & Bradstreet reported that there were 7 million businesses in the United States, facturing to assembling parts made by 434,000 of which were black-owned. subcontractors Jack Courtemanche, executive direc- Small business is important to the tor of the White House Conference on American economy and to the Amer- Small Business — scheduled for Aug. ican spirit, according to Bob Coleman, 17-21 in Washington, D.C. —reported, author of a small-business handbook. "Today, four times as many women as "Small business is the big American men are starting small businesses." success story," he said. "From the most Given the high failure rate, why do mundane products to the most exotic, people still dream about a business of small business has been the driving their own? Business consultant Lynn force in the U.S. economy for the past Gilbert said, "The longer people stay in 20 years." corporate America, the more they feel that their hands are tied, and the more COLEMAN'S view is borne out by willing they are to take a risk. This is a numerous studies. For instance, a midlife crisis professionally; they want Massachusetts Institute of Technol- to make sure that the thrill isn't gone." ogy study shows that small businesses Austin Furst, 42, took the risk four are the primary creators of new jobs in years ago when he started Vestron

e the United States. Other studies show Video, a small business that produced

| that small businesses also are the source videotape cassettes. "The corporate

| of most innovations. Among them are world rewards you economically and < stainless-steel razor blades, photocopy- psychically," Furst said. "But corpora-

1 ing machines and instant cameras. Of tions tend to impose conformity of atti- * 61 basic inventions of the past half- tude, and form becomes more impor- century, 45 came from small firms. tant than content." Thus, Furst gave up By the middle of the 1982 recession, "Beyond that," Coleman said, Vestron last October when he went pub- Dun & Bradstreet recorded the highest "small business has been a traditional lic in a stock offering that netted more business-failure rate since the Great path to independence for new Amer- than $250 million. Depression of the 1930s. icans. Happily enough, the same Even though entrepreneurs such as Despite the high failure rate, record methods that worked for the Italians, Furst often make personal fortunes numbers of Americans continued to the Irish and the Jews at the turn of the from starting their own small business- start businesses. Richard Eisenberg, century are working for the Viet- es, money is not the main motivation. writing in the August 1985 issue of namese, Koreans and Cubans today." A national survey of small-business Money magazine, suggested why: "The Small business also is working for owners revealed that control and inde- likeliest way to become a millionaire is minorities and women. The U.S. Cen- Please turn to page 58 still to start a business, as roughly 600,000 people did last year." In 1975, 326,000 new businesses TOP BUSINESS PROSPECTS were started, most of them small. By 1978, the figure had grown to 478,000, SMALL-BUSINESS owners physical-fitness programs, up 33 and by 1982, to 567,000. Many of agree that the most critical factor percent from 1983. In addition, care these businesses failed, yet many of in success is finding the right prod- of the very young and very old is them succeeded. uct or service. Experts recommend booming. Last year, 1,800 employ- "The major reason for small-busi- overcrowded fields, such as mail ers provided child-care assistance ness failures is a managerial one," said order and computer retailing; fields for employees, compared with only John Sloan, president of the National in which consumer demand has been 600 in 1982. Federation of Independent Business. disappointing, such as cellular • Business efficiency. This field "The person who understands how to phones; and fields that are ahead of deals with increasing executives' make something gets together with the their time, such as biotechnology. productivity, especially through person who understands how to sell it, Some of the most promising fields seminars on topics such as time and they start a business. But they for the next decade are: management, speed-reading and • forget that there's nobody there who Communications . This includes financial planning. It also includes knows how to administer it or look after installing private telephone systems subcontracting work for large its finances." for businesses and setting up satel- companies. Two reasons for the success of many lite teleconferences. • International trade. The import small businesses are strong consumer • Personal care. The fitness fad business benefits from a strong demand and subcontracting of opera- has become part of American life. In dollar. Should the dollar be weak, tions, the latter because a number of 1984, we spent $900 million on the export business would benefit. large firms have changed from manu- All the village blacksmith wanted was to build a The cannon for his country. What he pree Enterprise got instead was the classic JL bureaucratic nightmare. patriot 1 'I Want To Do My Part'

Cannon Buyer Continental Congress Philadelphia Independent Colony of Pennsylvania

To whom it may concern:

I strongly favor the action taken by representatives of the Colonies on July 4, 1776.

Since I want to do my part to help, I want to

know if you could use an extra cannon. I have a small blacksmith shop here in Wilfred mine whether you qualify as a supplierfor the Corners which I run myself. I have never Continental Congress Colonial Army. Naturally, in the interests of made a cannon, but I'm sure I could do it. security during this period of unrest, the and if need be, I could get some of the men 27 August 1776 government agencies must ensure that their around these parts to help. I would only Philadelphia. Pennsylvania suppliers meet minimum standards of quality charge for the metal I put into it plus a little and performance . Please fill out the attached to help my family buy corn meal and meat Andrew Farnsworth forms (provided in triplicate), retain one file for the winter. Farnsworth Blacksmith Shop copy, and return the other copies along with a Please let me know what kind of cannon Wilfred Corners. Massachusetts statement of the types of weapons manufac- you want and where you want it, and I'll get ture or Army supply on which you wish to bid. started on it right away. In Reply. Refer to: WKI-344 By Authority of Yours truly, The Continental Congress Andrew Farnsworth Dear Mr. Farnsworth: and the Articles ofConfederation Owner and Proprietor Farnsworth Blacksmith Shop In order to conduct business affairs with the

Continental Congress and the supply agencies Robert I. Larkport

of the Colonial Army, it will be necessary for Chief, Industrial Affairs Branch you to complete certain routine forms to help Congress Procurement Office John Rickey, a former Air Force pilot, is our Weapons Procurement Evaluation Branch

an executive in the defense industry. ( WPEB) evaluate your business and deter- End: Triplicate Forms

28 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE )

FARNSWORTH BLACKSMITH SHOP

September 26, 1776 Wilfred Corners Independent Colony of Massachusetts

Robert J. Larkport Chief, Industrial Affairs Branch Congress Procurement Office Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Dear Mr. Larkport:

I am sorry it took so long to return the forms you sent me. The weather has been very dry and the farmers here are dulling a lot of plowshares on the rocks in the dry soil. So I've been very busy. What I want to know is whether you could

use a cannon if I would make one. There you have no previous experience in cannon might be something else I could build but I FARNSWORTH design and construction under Colonial Army don't know what it is, so just let me know BLACKSMITH SHOP specifications. Also, our records reveal no what you want me to do. other blacksmith shops among those on the November 1, 1776 Yours truly, qualified-cannon- suppliers list. Unless you Wilfred Corners Farnsworth provide evidence qualification beyond Andrew Independent Colony can of and Proprietor that supplied on previously submitted docu- Owner of Massachusetts Farnsworth Blacksmith Shop ments, the review ofyour capability for this assignment cannot be continued. Chief, Industrial Qualification Board Weapons Procurement Evaluation Branch I might add that we carry a number of indus- (WPEB) tries listed as blacksmith shops on our bidders Continental Congress " Bureau of Ordnance list for "Horses, Shoeing in the Field . Headquarters, Colonial Army Should the war come through your village October 16, 1776 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and you be on the approved-contractors list Philadelphia, Pennsylvania for this vital assignment, you would be eligible Dear Sir: Andrew Farnsworth to compete with other nearby blacksmiths for I sent these forms to the wrong office and Farnsworth Blacksmith Shop these contracts. In case you are interested, I they sent them back and said to send them to Wilfred Corners, Massachusetts am enclosing blank Bidder's Qualification you. I am a blacksmith and would like to Forms (in triplicate). In Reply, build a cannon for the Colonial Army. to: Please tell what kind of Refer WX2-4456 me cannon you By Order ofThe Commanding Officer need most and I will get right to work on it. Dear Mr. Farnsworth: It is winter now and other work is slack. Winfield Jenkins, GS-11

The enclosed bidder 's forms were incorrectly Yours truly, Industrial Qualification Board forwarded to this The Industrial Affairs office. Andrew Farnsworth Weapons Procurement Evaluation Branch Branch the Congress Procurement of Office Owner and Proprietor Bureau of Ordnance ( WPEB is initial business-government responsiblefor Farnsworth Blacksmith Shop Headquarters, Colonial Army contracts. As a weapons supply industry, the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Industrial Questionnaire you sent this office should be directed to the following: WJ.TSt Enc: 3 Bidder Qualification Forms Chief, Industrial Qualification Board Colonial &rmp Weapons Procurement Evaluation Branch Please turn to page 54 (WPEB) November 22, 1776 Bureau Ordnance of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Headquarters, Colonial Army Philadelphia, Andrew Farnsworth Home the Continental Congress of Owner & Proprietor If we can be of additional service, please Farnsworth Blacksmith Shop contact us. Wilfred Corners, Massachusetts By Authority of The Continental Congress In Reply, and the Articles of Confederation Refer to: MU-897 Copies of The Free Enterprise Horace Marks Dear Mr. Farnsworth: Patriot are available for $4 Asst. Chief, Industrial Affairs Branch for covers) from The Bidder 's Qualification Forms which you ($6.95 hard The Congress Procurement Office completed and forwarded to this office Book Tree, 1825 High Oak Rd., HM:ws November 1, 1776 have been received. Initial St. Louis, MO 63131. Enc: Three Forms (completed) review ofyour qualifications indicates that

MARCH 1988 29 BjOTECHNOtOtT THE EDGE OF DISCOVERY

A drug extremely effective in stopping heart attacks and strokes, and pure natural insulin for diabetics are two products of biotechnology. Biotech expert Richard Godown answers questions about this exciting new industry.

American Legion Magazine: Biotechnology research Qa What other new health products might come along has become a popular subject of conversations these days, soon? the health of especially with regard to improving Amer- A product that prevents anemia in kidney-dialysis icans. is it, how does it work? A Just what and patients is close to final approval. It's called erythropo-

ietin, or EPO. It looks very promising, and patients who are Richard Godown: Biotech research actually is a technique using it at the experimental stage actually have taken them- for moving genetic material from one living organism to selves off the list for a kidney transplant. another or simply deleting it. It's applied biology. Right now, Also, there is great hope for hemophiliacs in a new product there's heavy concentration on producing new health-care called Factor VIII, which supplies the clotting substance products, and on using genetic engineering in agriculture to that's missing from the blood of people who suffer this produce new plants and new animal drugs and vaccines. disease. The especially beneficial thing about Factor VIII is

that unlike the products that are now available, it is pure, and Q. Has biotechnology produced any miracle medical therefore free of blood-borne viruses, including AIDS and products, or are any on the way? hepatitis. It will free people from blood transfusions and, We avoid using the word "miracle," so as not to over- A therefore, from the worry that accompanies them. promise. However, one new product — tissue-plasmino- gen activator, or TPA for short— is proving to be extremely effective in stopping heart attacks and strokes, and in Qa What is biotechnology doing about AIDS? The most important things we have done so far are preventing their reoccurrence. Also, pure natural insulin for A diag- diabetics and growth hormone to prevent dwarfism are now a identifying the AIDS virus and producing AIDS government-approved and available through doctors. nostic kits so that the world's blood supply can be screened. A number of biotech companies are now hard at work on perfecting an vaccine that would prevent the disease Q a How does TPA work? AIDS from spreading. Alt dissolves blood clots very quickly, so that a person a who is suffering a heart attack or stroke gets immediate relief. It's like using a drain cleaner for clogged arteries. Qa How about countering genetic defects? ADNA makes up the basic building blocks of life and is Qa Is biotechnology making inroads against cancer? a present in every cell — human, plant and animal. If a A Yes. The Food and Drug Administration has approved particular gene and its strands of DNA are missing, that a one new drug — alpha interferon— for treating hairy-cell interferes with our genetic code and can produce an inherited leukemia. Since we're at a relatively early stage in our disease. Sickle-cell anemia is one example. Growth-hor- research on this type of product, we expect new uses to mone deficiencies and Huntington's disease, which is a continually appear. neurological disorder, are others. Better-known genetic

30 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE DlOTECHNOLOGYwill pro- Richard D. Godown is president of the Industrial Biotechnology duce an enormous number Association, one of the largest U.S. groups in the industry. ofjobs and bring forth huge capital investment. / organism to another. Obviously, the recipient organism was alive when the experiment started; therefore, life has been changed, not created. Throughout the billions of years that life has existed on this planet, nature always has been engaged in changing genes diseases, such as muscular dystrophy and cystic fibrosis, also through mutation. In biotechnology, we are not doing any- fall in this category. thing unique; we're simply doing it more efficiently.

QL How can these conditions be detected and treated? Q- How did all of this get started? A Increasingly, scientists using genetic probes can dis- A Ancient man used living organisms to change flour into cover problems in a person's genetic code that tell them bread, grape juice into wine and milk into cheese. The there is a probability that the disease is present or will Egyptians used yeast to make beer. In the 19th century develop. Eventually, through DNA technology, we hope to Gregor Mendel, a monk, discovered the principles of modern be able to correct these deficiencies. Supplying the missing genetics. Then, in 1953 in Cambridge, England, J.D. Watson gene would be one way. If it is done early enough, this should and Francis Crick discovered the secret of heredity and the prevent the disease from ever appearing in a person. double-helix structure of the DNA molecule. In 1973 two Americans, Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen, performed Q« Could this also work for people who are afflicted the first successful gene transfer. Thereafter, biologists, with mental illness? biochemists, microbiologists and related scientists began to There is no certain answer at present, but biotechnology develop useful applications for this new knowledge. A. holds this possibility. Q- What effect is biotechnology having on agriculture? Q- Is biotechnology capable of producing new life A Current experimentation is attempting to make plants forms? disease- and insect-resistant and to change them so that A No. Our scientists are adding or subtracting genes from they can withstand herbicides, and even draw nitrogen from living organisms and transferring them from one Please turn to page 64

MARCH 1988 31 -

CENTRAL AMERICAN PEACE PLAN

Where Does It Stand?

cessation of aid to "irregular" forces, By Georgie Anne Geyer and for commitments not to allow If it has done national territories to be used for the anything at all destabilization of other governments. ^MM N EARLY August 1979. The U.S. administration immediately H barely days after Saudi the Arias Plan called the plan "flawed," because none I nista soldiers had marched has clarified of the 11 points called for the removal Hj MSf triumphantly over Nica- of egregiously large outside military mm ragua. Tomas Borge met the totalitarian forces — such as the Cubans, Soviets I in the lobby of Managua's and Bulgarians — from Nicaragua.

I Intercontinental Hotel intent of the Still, at first, it looked even to skep- Hj with a small group of lead- Sandinistas. tics as though the plan might work, if HhH ing Latin American diplo- only because the Sandinistas had so mats. Borge, the hardest-line member exhausted their land that they might be of the hardest-line Marxist group of the forced to change. Meanwhile, Salva- Sandinistas, already was the powerful doran Christian Democratic President minister of the interior. The conversa- Jose Napoleon Duarte immediately tion was historic. In talking to the tense for the approximately 15,000 anti-San- opened goodwill talks with his own little group, Borge outlined the Sandi- dinista Contras fighting on Nicaragua's Marxist guerrillas, and Guatemala nistas' plan to revolutionize all of Latin northern borders. started to do the same. Honduras, from

America— but to do it gradually, so that But gnawing questions persist in which the Contras launch their attacks,

few people would be alarmed. practical minds. Is it possible that a began to talk about closing down "The fewer problems we have, the Marxist government, clearly bent upon Contra camps. more Latin America will be attracted to the kind of "revolution without borders" us," he said in a low, husky voice. "The that Borge openly outlined in 1979, is Sandinistas already had set up a more problems we have, the less." He willing to live and let live where demo- THErigid single-party system, in which would not shoot all the old Somocistas, cratic neighbors are concerned? What is the army serves the party and not he said, because he did "not want to really happening in this all-important the state, and in which the remaining turn the rest of the Latin American revo- area of the world, which presents "free-enterprise" businesses are strin- lution against us." America with its first neighborhood gently controlled by the state. But in Exactly eight years later, in August war, fueled by an antithetical and the fall of 1987, many North Americans 1987, a Central American Peace Plan antagonistic outside ideology? and Central Americans wanted to was put into effect. The roar of diplo- Crucial, but not widely known, is believe that the Sandinistas would turn matic trumpets heralded the plan as the fact that Arias and the presidents out to be a kind of social-democratic being one that would "democratize" of Guatemala, Honduras and El Sal- left if only given the chance. and liberalize Nicaragua, and turn off vador took action in August 1987 And the Sandinistas, at least in the that "Latin American revolution" cen- because all of them were convinced, beginning, seemed to begin to move tered in Managua. The plan's patron and even terrified, that the United toward democracy. They allowed the and designer, Costa Rican President States was not going to move — that Nicaraguan newspaper La Prensa to Oscar Arias, was almost immediately Congress would not support the Con- reopen, Radio Catolica to rebroadcast

rewarded for it with a prestigious Nobel tras any more, thus leaving all of Cen- and some exiles to return. But in the Peace Prize. The plan also led almost tral America vulnerable to the Sandinis- end, the swallows of peace did not immediately to a U.S. freeze on funds tas' huge army. return to Capistrano after all, as it So Arias devised a cunning 11 -point became increasingly obvious that these Foreign correspondent and syndicated plan calling for national reconciliation changes were easily reversible. columnist Georgie Anne Geyer has in all countries, for democratization Even as Arias was returning from the written extensively on Central America. and plurality, for free elections, for the Nobel Peace Prize ceremony in Oslo, a

32 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE I[HE democratic notions of Central America launched the peace plan when they became convinced that the United States was no longer going to support the Contras.

regime intended to form a 600,000- in military glory across the world stage. man army, he said. In a country of only What's more, men such as Borge are 3.5 million people, that would mean serious men who studied Marxism- that roughly one of every two males in Leninism in the '50s and deliberately

the country would be in some form of embraced it. military service. Every time Congress is just about to He also said that the Sandinistas believe that the Sandinistas really are were going to get a squadron of Soviet social democrats at heart, they rein- MiGs; that the Ortega brothers had $1 force what Borge said in 1979. So it million in foreign bank accounts; and was with Miranda's revelations, which that in case of an American invasion, were so dramatic that they seemed NOT FOOLED — The Contras, knowing the Sandinistas were going to regional- questionable to many people. Defense that the Sandinistas will not abide by the ize the conflict, even going so far as to Please turn to page 60 peace plan, have continued to request bomb Costa Rica in order to create military aid from the United States. chaos and insurrection. PEACE PACT — Guatemalan President Now, there is something odd about Vinicio Cerezo Arevalo makes a statement to the press after the Central American high-level Nicaraguan defector— Maj. the Sandinistas, and it has to do with peace plan was signed. Seated (left to Roger Miranda, the leading aide to San- the fact that they really mean what they right) are Nicaragua's Daniel Ortega, dinista Defense Minister Humberto say — and that far from caring about El Salvador's Jose Napoleon Duarte, Ortega— had official Washington agog economic development for their peo- Honduras' Jose Azcona Hoyo and Costa with his revelations. The Sandinista ple, what they really enjoy is strutting Rica's Arias Sanchez. Report From Central America

J IS KEY TO DEMOCRACY

"The handwriting is on the wall. The Sandinistas' military

buildup is not for defense; it is for conquest" says

Natl Cmdr John P. "Jake" Conner who just completed a 10-day visit to Nicaragua and other Central American nations.

HE plane flew northward, the mediator in the now-defunct nego- carrying me and my en- tiations between the Sandinistas and tourage home for the Contras, told us that little has changed Christmas holidays after since the Sandinistas signed the peace a 10-day tour of Central plan. Indeed, the Sandinista presence is American nations. Images visible in the churches that support the of the visit replayed over regime. In one popular church was a and over in my mind. huge mural with a religious motif, T I thought about the glorifying deceased leaders of the Contra leader we had met, about Sandinista revolution. whether his dream of democracy in his We also met with Violeta de Barrios native Nicaragua would ever come to Chamorro, the courageous publisher of

pass or whether it would die in some La Prensa, a Managua newspaper. The obscure jungle battle against Sandinista publication reopened last September

troops. I wondered what would become after a 15-month closure by the Sand- of the Nicaraguan children in the Hon- inistas. But even today, getting the news duran refugee camp, whether their out to Nicaraguans is a formidable task, faces one day might shine with hope as many of the reporters have fled Nic-

instead of fear. And I wondered just aragua. In addition, Chamorro faces

how long it will be before many people other obstacles that have forced her to in our own nation understand the threat Nat' I Cmdr. John P. "Jake" Comer reduce the once-thriving daily to pub- that looms over Central America and lishing only three times each week.

what it portends for the United States. It was ironic that during my trip, a It was my second trip to Central In the Nicaraguan capital, Managua, defecting Sandinista official surfaced

America in six months. I wanted to see I saw an economy that is on the verge of in Washington, D.C., to publicly detail firsthand whether conditions had collapse, a system under which the what the regime has in store for Nic- improved throughout the region as a common people struggle each day for aragua in the coming years. Maj. Roger

result of the Central American Peace the bare necessities of life. I saw gov- Miranda, who served as an aide to Nic- Plan, an agreement that was signed by ernment-operated stores whose shelves araguan Defense Minister Humberto Central American presidents including were devoid of food staples. But there Ortega, revealed plans that call for a Nicaraguan President Daniel Ortega seemed to be an endless supply of food 600,000-man army and a staggering Saavedra. It was fitting that the trip for thought: books on Marx, Stalin and increase in Soviet military aid to the

concluded in Nicaragua, where I had Fidel Castro. Sandinistas. Even as Miranda revealed hoped to see improving conditions and In Managua, we met with Cardinal these and other ominous plans, Ortega some semblance of democracy. What I Miguel Obando y Bravo, the spiritual confirmed them in a fiery speech to saw there disturbed me even more than leader of Catholics throughout Central labor representatives.

what I saw during my first visit. America. The cardinal, who served as The aim of the Sandinistas, accord-

34 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE ing to Miranda and U.S. intelligence sources, has not wavered since the 1960s. Internal documents of the Sand- inistas clearly state their strategy of assisting communist guerrillas throughout Central America. Further, once the Contras lose their struggle, the Sand- inistas plan to increase their support of the guerrillas. What will this lead to? The Sand- inistas believe that their actions will provoke a reaction in the United States, but by the time this occurs, they already will have built a formidable military force. Antiwar activists in the United States, especially those who believe in "peace at any price," undoubtedly will then claim that any entanglement with the increased Sandinista force would lead to another Vietnam. Miranda already has disclosed that the Sand- inistas hope to turn all of Central Amer- ica's governments against the United States, and are prepared to bomb targets PARTNERS IN OPPRESSION - Cuba's Castro and Nicaragua's Ortega are willing ser- in Central America. in Costa Rica and take Americans vants of the Soviets' strategic objectives hostage. Legionnaires, the handwriting is on "The Sandinista both military and political pressure on the wall. What we have said all along the Sandinistas. As we go to press in about the consolidation of communism in presence is visible in January, U.S. aid to the Contras is at a Nicaragua and its threat to neighboring crossroads, as Congress begins to Central American nations is coming to the churches that debate continued assistance. It's a con- pass. The Sandinistas have a military support the regime troversy that has divided our own shopping list that they have presented people. to the Soviet Union: 12 MiG-21 fighter In one popular The Contras' struggle, their fight to planes, tanks, artillery, Hind attack church shed the yoke of totalitarianism that helicopters and a limitless supply of was a huge grips Nicaragua, is our fight, too. In AK-47 rifles to arm every Nicaraguan mural with a religious facing the Sandinistas in the field, they adult. are preventing the complete consolida- motif, glorifying tion of a Soviet military presence in THIS buildup is not for defense; it is deceased leaders of Nicaragua. The Democratic Resistance for conquest. It is a vision of despair is a disciplined, effective military and for all freedom-loving people of the Sandinista political force that is capable of victory. Central America. Even the Sandinista leaders with whom During our trip to Managua, we Revolution." I met during my first trip to Nicaragua hoped to visit the 13,000-foot runway at conceded as much. the Punta Huete airfield near Managua. In waging their war against the Sand-

It came as no surprise that we were not inistas, the Contras have gained the given permission to do so, although land. We met with some of these people support of their brothers and sisters who Nicaraguan embassy officials in Wash- during our trip, and I can assure you remain in Nicaragua. Each day, Nic- ington had told us that it could be that they are freedom fighters in every araguans see the Sandinistas' definition arranged. The Sandinistas have main- sense of the term. Don't be misled by of peace, a definition that has no room tained that the airstrip is for commercial accounts that portray the Nicaraguan for democratic reforms and no regard development, but given the woeful eco- Democratic Resistance, better known for human rights. Even Costa Rican nomic and social conditions within as the Contras, as an ally of former President Oscar Arias Sanchez, the

Nicaragua, it seems rather doubtful that Nicaraguan dictator Anastasio Somoza architect of the Central American Peace the Sandinistas are bracing for a large Debayle. Plan, has noted with much chagrin how influx of tourists. The airstrip provides The Contras represent a cross-sec- the Sandinistas have hurt the peace plan an excellent base from which Soviet tion of the Nicaraguan people. They are through their revelations of a military aircraft can operate along the west coast peasants, lawyers, teachers, laborers buildup. of the United States. and whole families who have fled the Our choice on continued U.S. aid to But a formidable barrier stands in the iron-fisted rule of the Sandinistas. And the Contras is very clear. Either we aid way of the Sandinistas' plans to export yes, many of the Contras are former these freedom fighters now, or we aban- communism to their neighbors: 15,000 Sandinistas who once believed the lies don them, thus crushing any hope for Nicaraguans who dream about planting of the commandantes. Thanks to U.S. peace and democracy in Nicaragua and the seed of democracy in their home- aid, the Contras have been able to put in all of Central America. To abandon

MARCH 1988 35 the Contras is to ignore those ideals on are building roads to help the campesinos which our own nation was founded, travel to urban areas, where they can

ideals that have been defended for gen- sell their farm goods. I saw medical erations. The United States can do no teams dispensing medicines, and treat- less than to demonstrate its commit- ing the injuries and illnesses of the ment to the Contras. Honduran people. Certainly much

In every Central American nation I more needs to be done, particularly in visited, those who believe in freedom Guatemala and El Salvador, whose and democracy were uncertain whether democratic governments face com- the peace plan will succeed. As Hon- munist-guerrilla movements that have duran President Jose Azcona Hoyo suc- the moral and material support of the

cinctly put it, "Democracy must come Sandinistas. first. That is what we agreed upon when

we signed our names to the peace II UT more important, what I wit- plan." Wm nessed in the free Central American The Sandinistas, however, have a dif- MM nations was a pervasive atmosphere

ferent interpretation of the peace plan. of hope. I was struck by the realization

They view it as a means of terminating that perhaps this was the way in which the Contras' struggle by persuading the the citizens of our fledgling democracy U.S. Congress to cut off aid. Again, do viewed their new nation 200 years agol not be misled by reports that the Con- Indeed, there is little chance of peace tras are a ragtag band of disorganized in Central America if we cannot help

guerrillas. As our trip came to a close, instill a sense of hope among its people. UN VEILED - Nicaraguan Defense Minister various elements of the Democratic And hope can be the result only of Humberto Ortega promises massive Resistance had launched an offensive action, not mere lip service. imports of Soviet military hardware. on several fronts in Nicaragua, and as I still hear the words of the confident one Pentagon official confided to me Contra leader whose vision of democ-

when I returned to Washington, racy in Nicaragua has yet to come to

"They're kicking the hell out of the pass. I see the forlorn faces of the chil- Sandinistas." dren in the refugee camp, many of The Sandinistas Underscoring its continued support whom have seen family members to the Contras, the United States also gunned down by the Sandinista troops have presented must show a firm commitment to aiding or carried off into the night and thrown the Soviets with a the democratic nations of El Salvador, into a Soviet-style gulag system.

Costa Rica, Honduras, Panama and I share these images with you, fellow shopping list that Guatemala. Democracy has been Legionnaires, with the confidence that calls for fighter spawned in each of those nations, but to we will act together to do what is right: preserve it, we must demonstrate that continuing U.S. support to free Central jets, helicopters we never will abandon them to the terror American nations and the Nicaraguan that reigns in Nicaragua. That commit- Democratic Resistance. We must make and artillery. ment means providing long-term eco- our collective voice heard in Wash- According to a nomic and military aid. ington. We can do no less in our com-

I saw progress in these nations, and I mitment to peace and freedom. Neither top-level Sandinista saw firsthand what U.S. aid has meant. will materialize in Central America if In Honduras, U.S. National Guard troops we remain silent. defector the commandantes also plan to step up their efforts to take American hostages and provide increased support to communist guerrillas in other Central American nations. • •••

SHORTAGES — Food is hard to find in Sandinista-run stores, but shelves are lined with books on Lenin and Marx.

36 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE mfig 6

You depended on your unit for protection. Now depend on ours.

No matter what branch you served in, your unit was your to 14 units, is still $24. The same price we've offered for family. You depended on them to get you through, to protect nearly 30 years. For example, Legionnaires from 30 through you in a crisis. Today you are back home with your regular 34 can get a maximum benefit of $128,000 for only $336 family, but what would happen to them if something should annually (14 x $24). happen to you? What unit would get them through? You owe it to yourself, and to your family. Now you can assure your family's future with Peace of mind is a wonderful thing to have, not only for your up to 14 units in the American Legion Life loved ones, but for yourself. Verified claims are processed Insurance Plan. and paid immediately to your beneficiary in one lump sum,

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No benefit is payable for death as a result of war or an act of war. If death occurs while serving, or within six months after serving the military, naval or air force of any country or combination of countries. . . .

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from the chart at right, fill out the enroll- Benefits determined by age at death and include 15% SPECIAL INCREASE for deaths ment card below and enclose your check or occurring during 1988. Maximum coverage limited to 14 units. money order for the premium indicated to Age at Death 14 Units 12 Units 10 Units 8 Units 6 Units 4 Units 2 Units 1 Unit

Annual Premium $336 per yr. $288 per yr $240 per yr. $192 per yr. $144 per yr. $96 per yr. $48 per yr. $24 per yr provide coverage for the rest of the calendar Up thru 29 $161,000 $138,000 $115,000 year. $92,000 $69,000 $46,000 $23,000 $11,500 30-34 128,800 110,400 92,000 73,600 55,200 36,800 18,400 9,200 CERTAIN STATES have requirements not 35-44 72,450 62,100 51,750 41 ,400 31,050 20,700 10,350 5,175 satisfied by the enrollment card below. If 45-54 35,420 30,360 25,300 20,240 15,180 10,120 5,060 2,530 you reside in one of those states, your enroll- 55-59 19,320 16,560 13,800 11,040 8,280 5,520 2,760 1,380 60-64 12,880 11,040 9.200 7,360 5,520 3,680 1,840 920 ment and check will be returned to you to 65-69 8,050 6,900 5,750 4,600 3,450 2,300 1,150 575 fulfill those requirements. If that is neces- 70-74* 5,313 4,554 3.795 3,036 2,277 1,518 759 379.50 sary, your enrollment will not be processed 75-Over* 4,025 3,450 2,875 2,300 1,725 1,150 575 287.50

until the additional form is returned to us. Prorated Premium $252 $216 $180 $144 $108 $72 $36 $18 PRORATED PREMIUM TO SEND WITH YOUR "No persons age 70 or over (including those desiring additional coverage) will be accepted for new insurance. ENROLLMENT. The premiums shown above 13, 11, 9, 7, 5 and 3 units also available. Please write for details. are for the balance of 1988 for approved coinciding with or next following the date Make check payable to: The American Legion enrollments effective Apr. 1, 1988. Premiums your enrollment is received, subject to In- Life Insurance Plan and mail to: for enrollments effective May 1 or later are surance Company's approval. Insurance may The American Legion Life Insurance Plan proportionately less, by S2 PER UNIT PER P.O. Box 5609 • Chicago, IL 60680 be maintained in force by payment of MONTH, and any overpayments will be refunded. Premiums accompanying non- premiums when due. Plan insured by Transamerica Occidental Life Insurance Company. approved enrollments will be refunded in INCONTESTABILITY. Your coverage shall be Enrollment Subject to Underwriter's Approval full. incontestable after it has been in force dur-

EFFECTIVE DATE. Your insurance becomes ing your lifetime for two years from its effec- effective on the first day of the month tive date.

ENROLLMENT CARD FOR YEARLY RENEWABLE TERM NOTICE OF DISCLOSURE OF LIFE INSURANCE FOR MEMBERS OF THE AMERICAN LEGION INFORMATION Information regarding your in- Full Name Birth Date surability will be treated as con- Day Year fidential except that Trans- Permanent Residence america Occidental Life In- Slreei City Zip surance Co. may make a brief

report to the Medical Information Name of Beneficiary _ .Relationship (M.I.B.) a non-profit Example Print "Helen Louise Jones" Nol "Mrs H L Jones" Bureau membership organization of life Membership Card No. Year. Post No.. State. insurance companies which operates an information exchange I apply for the number of units indicated: | | j on behalf of its members. Upon 1 The following representations shall form a basis for the Insurance Company's approval or rejection of this enrollment. request by another member in- | Answer all questions. surance company to which you

| 1. Present occupation? Are you now actively working? have applied for life or health in-

Yes No If no, give reason surance, or to which a claim is f] submitted, the M.I.B. will supply I 2. Have you been confined in a hospital within the last year? No Yes If yes, give date, such company with the informa- length of stay and I cause tion it may have in its files. 0 3. During the last five years, have you had heart disease, circulatory disease, kidney disease, liver disease, lung disease, The Company may also release diabetes, or cancer, or have you had or received treatment or medication for high blood pressure or alcoholism? 3 information in its file to its rein- No Yes If yes, give details surers and to other life insurance I companies to which you may ap- I ply for life or health insurance, I represent all statements and answers recorded on this enrollment card are true and complete. I agree | that to the best of my knowledge, or to which a claim is submitted. that this enrollment card shall be a part of any insurance granted upon it under the policy. I authorize any physician or other person who has attended or examined me, or who may attend or examine me, to disclose or to testify to any knowledge thus acquired. Upon receipt of a request from Signature of you, the M.I.B. will arrange dis- Dated 19 Applicant closure of any information it may The American Legion offers this insurance through Transamerica Occidental Life Insurance Company. have in your file. Medical infor- Home Office: Los Angeles, California mation will only be disclosed to GMA-300-19 12-79 (Univ.) 5388 your attending physician. If you ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND AUTHORIZATION question the accuracy of informa-

I of Information right. Further, I authorize any physician, medical practi- have received and read the Notice of Disclosure at tion in the Bureau's file you may tioner, hospital, clinic, or other medical or medically related facility, insurance company, the Medical Information Bureau seek correction in accordance or other organization, institution or person having any records or knowledge of me or of my health to give Transamerica with the procedures set forth in I Occidental Life Insurance Company any such information. the Federal Fair Credit Reporting Act. The address of the Bureau's I A photographic copy of this authorization shall be as valid as the original. information office is P.O. Box 105,

Dated 19_ Signature of Applicant Essex Station, Boston, Mass. 02112; Phone (617) 426-3660. I apply for additional Legion Life Insurance. My present certificate number is

The Meaning of The American Legion EMBLEM

HE American Legion emblem, the universal trademark of Legion- naires, symbolizes the ideals on which the Legion was founded. The emblem was patterned after the 'Victory" buttons that were issued to

honorably discharged veterans of World War I. It was intended to be a

temporary design, but delegates to the first National Convention, held

in Minneapolis in 1919, voted to make it the permanent badge of the organi-

zation. Creation of the emblem is credited to Eric Fisher Wood, a Legion founder, who later turned over the patent and copyrights to the organization.

1. THE RAYS OF THE SUN form the back- 2. THE WREATH forms the center of the 3. THE STAR is the victory symbol of ground, and symbolize justice, loyalty, emblem and pays tribute to those brave World War I, signifying honor, glory and freedom and democracy, which dispel comrades who gave their lives in the constancy. The letters stand for the the darkness of violence and evil. service of their country. United States.

40 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE JLh7.HE words "American Legion' demand lhat the wearer shall ever guard the sanctity of home and country and free institutions..." There shines the emblem of The American

Legion. It is your badge ofpride and distinction, of honor and service.

4. TWO GOLD RINGS around the field of 5. TWO BRONZE RINGS border the star. 6. THE WORDS "AMERICAN LEGION" tie blue symbolize two Legion objectives: The outer ring pledges loyalty and Ameri- the whole together in truth, remem- care for disabled veterans, and the whole- canism; the inner ring stands for Legion brance, honor, service, rehabilitation, some development of America's youths. service to communities. child welfare, loyalty and Americanism.

MARCH 1988 41 Korean Vk Memorial Planned For Capital

mmm^Kgk TS turbulent history not- Hj HH withstanding, Korea has I long been called the The brutal sta- I "Land of the Morning tistics cannot be I Calm." A violent com- I munist onslaught shat- ignored: 33,600 flHj tered that calm in June killed in action, 1950, and for three years. WKMMmmf/k American GIs were locked 21400 non-battle in deadly combat with North Korean and Chinese forces. deaths and Some people have labeled it "Amer- 103,000 wounded. ica's forgotten war." But others stead- fastly refused to let U.S. involvement in that war be relegated to the footnote section of history books. Those stal- warts pressed for a monument in the nation's capital honoring the 5.7 mil- wounded, many for life. One of the lion men and women who served dur- most common concerns I've heard ing the Korean War. The American voiced by Legionnaires during my Legion always has been foremost travels as commander is the call for a among those supporters. fitting memorial for Korean War "The sacrifices made during the veterans." Korean War can never be forgotten," In October 1986, President Reagan said Nat'l Cmdr. John P. "Jake" Comer, signed PL. 99-572, authorizing a pri- who served in the Air Force during the vately funded memorial in honor of war. "The brutal statistics cannot be Korean War veterans. ignored: 33,600 killed in action, Supervision was assigned to the 21,400 non-battle deaths and 103,000 American Battle Monuments Commis- ,

ONLY FITTING — Ko- rean War veterans want a memorial in Washington to remind the nation that their war was just as brutal as any other war. They were victorious despite the Chinese invasion, tortuous terrain, subzero cold and blistering heat. But the three-year war exacted an extremely high price.

construction, plus $500,000 each for design and perpetual maintenance. We bled, According to Col. William E. Ryan suffered and Jr. , ABMC director of operations and finance, all funds collected will be died in Korea. deposited in a special trust account at the Treasury Department. "Those con- A memorial tributions will be used solely for the honoring fhose construction and upkeep of the memorial; none will be used for overhead," sacrifices is Ryan said. "If the memorial is not built, for whatever reason, the individual long overdue." contributions will be returned to all ••••••••••••• who so desire." As The American Legion Maga- zine went to press, $2.16 million had been collected or pledged. by early April or shortly thereafter. The commission and the board are The board is considering a site just confident of securing whatever funds south of the intersection of Constitution are required. Jack Curcio, chairman of Avenue and 17th Street, near the White Trucks Inc. and head of the House. Mack board's fund-raising committee, said Once the site has been approved, a "We are organizing a nationwide effort. sion and a board of 12 Korean War vet- nationwide design competition will be Our aim is to reach people through per- erans appointed by the President. Work- launched. The board already has devel- sonal contact, not mass mailings. We ing in conjunction with the ABMC, the oped a concept and has validated it with believe that every Korean War veteran board will be responsible for recom- the major veterans' organizations. "We is prepared to contribute, however mending the memorial site, selecting want a memorial that projects the spirit modestly." the design and promoting the project. of service, willingness to sacrifice and For years, the Legion has been stead- Legion endorsement of the Korean dedication to the cause of freedom that fast in calling for a national memorial War Memorial was given at the 1987 characterized all participants," said to honor America's participation in Spring Meetings, when the National retired Army Gen. Richard G. Stilwell, Korea. "That participation," said Comer, Executive Committee adopted Res. 21, chairman of the ABMC advisory "was significant in a number of ways. It urging Legionnaires to support the board. "The memorial must radiate a marked the first time that American project. message that is inspirational in content troops faced communism on the battle- The project got a major boost last and timeless in meaning." field, and it demonstrated our commit- November, when Interior Secretary While the memorial is to be financed ment to meet the challenge wherever Donald Hodel found that the Korean and maintained by private subscription, democracies and freedom-loving people War Memorial would be of "pre-eminent the enabling legislation appropriates $1 are challenged. We met the challenge in historical significance to the nation." million for site preparation, design and Korea with courage and honor; we bled Hodel signed a waiver that would allow start-up construction costs. However, and suffered and died in Korea— and a the memorial to be built in the coveted there is a stipulation that the govern- memorial honoring those sacrifices is Mall area, which stretches from the ment will be reimbursed to the extent long overdue." Capitol to the Lincoln Memorial. The that donations in excess of overall costs waiver exempts the proposed memorial permit. from a law that limits the number of How much will the completed Contributions may be made to the military memorials that can be con- memorial cost? Until the site and Korean War Memorial FundiABMC structed in the Mall. Congress is design are approved, no one can tell. P.O. Box 2372, Washington, D.C. expected to endorse Hodel's initiative The working estimate is $5 million for 20013-2372.

MARCH 1988 43 1 r P

IN THE 100™ CONGRESS (First Session)

EVERAL Legion-sup- War II, Korean War and Vietnam War January 1986 Gl Bill enrollments in the ported bills introduced veterans were designed to assist veter- selected Reserve have increased by in the first session of the ans whose educations were interrupted more than 30,000. 100th Congress had been by involuntary service or the threat of signed into law and such service. COAST GUARD BUDGET more were pending as Unlike the original programs, the The FY 1988 continuing-appropria- this issue went to press new program is a contributory system; tions resolution, RL. 100-202, includes in January. participants contribute part of their funding for the U.S. Coast Guard. The The Legion supports educational funds and must make a operating-expenses account was funded many other bills, on which we will con- decision about their future education at at $1,789 billion, with DoD making tinue to report as developments occur. the time of enlistment. Also unlike its another $100 million available for the three predecessors, the new Gl Bill is Coast Guard's military-readiness mis- VA BUDGET specifically designed to help the armed sions. Coast Guard missions under this Appropriations for FY 1988, included services attract high-quality recruits. account include air-sea rescues, drug in P.L. 100-202, totaled $27.1 billion. Department of Defense figures indi- interdiction and interception of illegal

Veterans' compensation and pensions cate that between July 1 and Sept. 30, aliens. A total of $247 million was were funded at $14.3 billion, and $625 1987, nearly 50 percent of American appropriated for acquisition of new million was made available for educa- military recruits were participating in vessels and aircraft, construction and tional assistance. Medical-care funds the program; Army participation figures improvement of shore facilities, and are now $10.1 billion, an increase of were the highest, at 79 percent. Since navigational equipment. more than $400 million from last year. This figure will support a staff of 194,190. The medical- and prosthetic- research account is $193 million, slightly higher than in FY 1987. General operating expenses, primarily for regional-office activities, will be funded at $762 million; this will enable the Department of Veterans Benefits to continue to employ at least 12,915 people. Another $529 million was designated to pay for construction and renovation of VA medical facilities; the appropriation includes $403 million for major projects and $116 million for minor projects.

NEW Gl BILL

On June 1, 1987, P.L. 100-48 was enacted, making the new Gl Bill a permanent program. The bill originally was intended to be a short-term solution to manpower shortages in the armed forces. The original Gl Bill edu- HOTLY DEBATED — U.S. military aid to the Contras has become one of the most cational-assistance programs for World controversial issues facing the 100th Congress.

44 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE SDI FUNDING The administration's original request of $5.8 billion for continued SDI research did not survive the authorization process. P.L. 100- 180 provides only $3.9 billion for further development of a nationwide anti-missile system. The legislation also contained several prohibitions against testing either SDI or anti-satellite weapons, which violate the still-unratified SALT II Treaty of 1979. The omnibus appropriations measure, P.L. 100-202, provides $291.5 billion for DoD, $20.5 billion less than the original request. This figure still is $1.5 billion more than Congress appropri- for but adjusted for infla- ated FY 1987, VETERANS' VOICE — Comer presents the Legion's legislative priorities to Congress. tion, it represents a 4 percent drop in At right is W.F. Lenker, VA&R Commission chairman. purchasing power.

VETERANS' COMPENSATION calling it excessive spending. However, VA HOME LOANS P.L. 100-227 authorizes a 4.2 per- the Legion and other groups have suc- P.L. 100-198, a measure revising the cent cost-of-living-adjustment increase cessfully argued that through the free or VA's home-loan guaranty program, for disabled veterans and beneficiaries reduced-rate mailing of newsletters and went into effect in December. The legis- who receive death and indemnity com- similar publications, tax-exempt organ- lation sets up a new two-tier system for pensation, effective Dec. 1, 1987. The izations have been able to provide com- VA home loans. For mortgages of law also extends the deadline for apply- munity services at considerable savings $45,000 or less, the VA will guarantee ing for assistance under the Veterans' to the government. The current appro- 50 percent of the loan; for mortgages of Job Training Act to June 30, 1988. A priation is expected to keep postal rates more than $45 ,000, the VA will back 40 permanent extension and other pro- steady for not-for-profit organizations. percent of the loan or $36,000, which- gram modifications are contained in ever is less. Previously, the VA guaran- pending legislation that should clear HOMELESS VETERANS teed 60 percent of a loan or $27,500, Congress during the first few weeks of P.L. 100-77, which addresses the whichever was less. the second session. growing problem of homelessness, The new law also sets up a variety of went into effect in July. This law procedures for helping veterans who POSTAL SUBSIDY authorized $443 million in aid for the are in danger of defaulting on their P.L. 100-202 contains $517 million homeless in 1987 and an additional loans, and it provides a two-year exten- for a postal subsidy that allows tax- $616 million for 1988. The legislation sion of the 1 percent user fee on loans exempt organizations, including The creates a federal Interagency Council made or guaranteed by the VA. The American Legion, to send mail free or on the Homeless, provides additional original House legislation proposed at reduced rates. Since 1981, the admin- funding for the Department of Housing that this fee be extended for three years, istration has constantly lobbied Con- and Urban Development's local shelter while the Senate version would have gress to eliminate the postal subsidy. Please turn to page 52 increased the fee to 2.5 percent. House- Senate conferees compromised on a two-year extension at the current level. KEY BILLS PENDING VETERANS' EMPLOYMENT SEVERAL legislative initiatives erans at state veterans' homes, ex- Other 1988 appropriations include that are of particular concern to panded scholarship and pay-incen- failed to clear tive funding for Labor Department veter- The American Legion opportunities for certain VA ans'-employment programs. A $723 Congress in 1987, but final action medical personnel, extension of the on is expected early this year. VA's Vet Center program, liberalized million appropriation was made for them Those pending bills are: compensation eligibility for radiation continued funding of state Employment Service offices, and the office of the •S.999/H.R. 1504-Contains victims and POWs, and expanded provisions that would strengthen the entitlements to health care. assistant secretary for veterans' employ- VA delivery • 3471 ment and training received $139.6 mil- of veterans'-employment S. 533/H.R. -Seeks to services provided at local employ- upgrade the VA's status by establish- lion. This money is designated primarily offices. Affairs. to pay the salaries of Disabled Veteran ment Seeks to extend the ing a Department of Veterans Veterans' Training 399-17 Outreach Personnel and Local Veterans' Job Act. On Nov. 17 the House voted Employment Representatives, who pro- •S.9/H.R. 2616-Combined to pass H.R. 3471. The legislation with several other bills, calls co-sponsors within vide most of the job-placement assist- House garnered 210 for increased per-diem rates for vet- three its introduction. ance given to veterans at local offices days of nationwide.

MARCH 1988 45 GUN SAFETY PROGRAM TARGETS LEGIONNAIRES

ONCERNED about the more people are buying firearms these welfare of millions of Legionnaires begin days for personal protection," Martin American families who training as NRA said. "Many have never handled them keep firearms in their before. So it makes good sense that they home, the Legion and the instructors to should know what they're doing, espe- National Rifle Associa- cially in where there are firearms- households tion have embarked on a teach children." comprehensive gun-safety safety courses in The joint firearms-safety program program, which they hope was authorized by American Legion will reach every gun owner in the their communities. Res. 13, adopted by the National country. Executive Committee at the 1986 With Legion support, the NRA is Spring Meetings. Robert S. Turner, planning to offer its gun-safety courses chairman of the Americanism Commis- to all Legionnaires who are interested in said Nat'l Adj. Robert W. Spanogle, sion, said the resolution also encourages teaching firearms safety to members of who was among those certified. He said all Legion posts to sponsor gun-safety their communities. participants then had the option of courses in their communities. The program kicked off in November, attending either a rifle- or handgun- Turner said members of the Legion when 47 Pennsylvania Legionnaires, a protection course. Twenty-five members and the NRA plan to make the training national officer and one member of the of the group were certified in handguns; course available to other departments. Auxiliary were certified as NRA gun- the others were certified in the basic "Justice Department statistics show that safety instructors after completing a rifle course. more than half of America's families 16-hour course at Fort Indiantown Gap, NRA spokesman Tracey Martin said keep firearms in their homes, either for near Harrisburg. all of the participants now are personal protection or recreational "Everyone who participated was authorized by the NRA to conduct basic use, "Turner said. "The main goal of the required to attend a gun-safety course," gun-safety workshops. "More and program is to reduce the risk of firearms- related accidents in the home." The NRA's eight basic courses include rifle marksmanship, firearms safety, personal protection, pistol marksmanship, shotgun shooting, muzzleloading-pistol marksmanship, muzzleloading-rifle marksmanship and muzzleloading-shotgun shooting. Legionnaires who wish to be certified as instructors must demonstrate a solid background in firearms safety and handling, and in marksmanship, including completion of an NRA Basic Fire- arms Education Course and the NRA Instructor Training Course, and must receive the endorsement of the NRA training counselor in charge. The firearms-safety program isn't the first project on which the Legion and the NRA have worked together. For years, the two organizations have sponsored marksmanship-team compe- titions, and conducted joint muzzleloading-gun matches and airgun-safety courses. For more information about the Legion-NRA Gun-Safety Instructor's Course, write to the Americanism Divi-

FIRST CLASS — Pennsylvania Legionnaires were the first to receive NRA instruction sion, The American Legion, RO. Box in a nationwide effort to bring firearms safety to millions of Americans. 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206.

46 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Build the Biggest Model ever made of the Biggest Battleship ever made!

The mighty YAMATO!

OVER 4 FEET LONG How to Build HUGE 1:200 SCALE Plastic Ship Models RADIO CONTROLLABLE FOUR WORKING PROPELLERS WITH A well illustrated reference book on building ship models from plastic kits. Softcover, 64 pages. REDUCTION GEAR No. KB12027 Retail $4.75 Sale $3.88 OPERATIONAL MAIN GUN TERRETS WORKING SEARCHLIGHTS Basics of R/C The Yamato was the largest and most powerful battleship ever Power Boat Modeling completed. She led the Japanese fleet that attacked Midway, and fought valiantly at the Battle of Leyte Gulf. She was finally sunk Crammed full of information on building and in April of 1945, after taking damage from over 11 torpedoes and running radio controlled boat models. Soft- at least 7 bombs. cover, 80 pages. Based on secret Japanese Navy plans No. 19.215-220; this No. KBS999 Retail $9.95 Sale $8.88 huge plastic kit is a highly detailed model of the Yamato as she looked at the time of the battle of Leyte Gulf. The Yamato can be motorized and radio controlled with any For Fastest Service on Credit Card Orders 2-channel radio. She can run at high or low speeds through the use of an ingenious reduction gear system for the four propellers. Call TOLL-FREE: 800-228-5588 The Yamato also features a patented waterproofing system, built in battery holders and all gears, wiring and running hardware. Model Expo, Inc. (Motors and batteries not incl. You'll need a Mabuchi RS540 motor 353 Richard Mine Road, Wharton, NJ 07885 for the propellers, and a Mabuchi RE-260 motor for the gun and Visit Our Stores! 28 Rt. 46W, Tiffany Plaza, Pine Brook NJ radar system.) The kit features over 600 parts, made of brass, steel, 2758 W. Sepulveda Blvd., Torrance, CA metal, styrene and ABS plastic. The one piece hull is over 4 feet 344 Ridge Road, Wilmette, IL long. Construction is very simple for a kit this large with so many 8392 S. Tamiami Trail, Sarasota, FL working features. Includes its own display base. » , AML-38 I

YGS! I want to build the biggest battleship ever! Kit No. NCH2001 Send me the following: Length 52 V2 "/Width IV2 "/Height 10% "/Scale 1:200 E Yamato Kit No. NCH2001 $118.88 L Testors Finishing Set No TS9160 $8.88 Retail $169.95 Sale $118.88 RE260 Motor No. PH 260 $2.25 How to Build Book No. KB12027 $3.88 G RS540 Motor No. PH540 $11.25 R/C Power Boat Book No. KBS999 $8.88 Run your Yamato with these quality Mabuchi Motors My check or money order for $ is enclosed, (Please add $7.50 for shipping and handling. NJ, CA, IL, and FL residents must Mabuchi RE260 Motor Order No. PH260 $ 2.25 add appropriate sales tax.) RS540 Motor Order No. $11.25 Mabuchi PH540 Charge my credit card: Mastercard Visa American Express

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Vietnam Women's Memorial Project THANKS A MILLION! Gains Support in Congress Donors who have contributed $50 or more to the American Legion "W"^^ LANS for a statue honoring mission, which ruled that the current Child Welfare Foundation: M J women who served in Viet- Vietnam memorial already is a tribute to ... have in the as well . gained as the . nam support women, , m men, who , C * A A bstate oi Ann J. woodrow Washington m Congress following a federal served during the Vietnam War. J. Ruffin Apperson Virginia Roland and Marion Stalmok Massachusetts commission's rejection of the proposal. About 10,500 women served in Viet- Louis Normand Massachusetts Mr. and Mrs. Wilbur Walker Virginia Proposed legislation in both houses nam, the majority of whom were nurses Juanita Knox Michigan of Congress would authorize the Viet- and medical assistants. The names of Lane County employees New Jersey Valerie Elsmore Massachusetts nam Women's Memorial Project Inc. to eight women are among the list of war Clyde and Annabelle King Massachusetts Kenneth J. Ladner Massachusetts erect a statue at the Vietnam Veterans dead inscribed on the Vietnam memo- William A. Deaver Kansas "1 1 1 IHio" riranl U.o.Q UOle Ivl.M urdni Kansas Memorial in Washington, Hearings rial wall. D.C. Mr. and Mrs. B. E. Flanakin Louisiana were under way as The American Earl and Janice Franklin Colorado rdui n. rnnsindi Illinois Legion Magazine went to press. Patrick M. McCormick Arizona Michael F. Kerrigan Michigan Organizers have been soliciting pri- Francis L. Megnin Indiana vate donations for the project since The Dye family Virginia Van Line Joins Michael L. Millican California 1984. The proposed bronze statue, Robert W. Spanogle Michigan T.N. Dunning Jr. Alabama which depicts a woman in battle JackW. Brinser Pennsylvania oerx L/. nuKee Minnesota fatigues cradling a steel helmet, is Family Plan J.H. Morris Louisiana Frank Duggan Massachusetts expected to cost $1.25 million. Joseph Gerchak Pennsylvania Noting that The American Legion "W-^LANNING to move out of Wayne E. Williams Utah Mr. and Mrs. Edward King Massachusetts was an early supporter of the women's M ^^ state? Legionnaires might John Akers Jr. Alabama E. Frederic Gillen California project, Nat'l Cmdr. John P. "Jake" m want to check with North Joseph C. Murphy Illinois FG. Shepardson Florida Comer said, "America must remember m American Van Lines before Glen Rea Jr. Maryland that women have played an integral role taking to the road, as the world's largest Bruce R.Kendall Massachusetts Joseph Ellinwood Massachusetts when their nation has called upon them moving company has become the Frank Loftus Mississippi John L. Gesiriech Nebraska in time of need. A memorial of this newest member of the Legion Family Henry G.Jacoby Nebraska R.L. Shearer Ohio nature is long overdue." Benefit Plan. William F. Gormley Pennsylvania According to law, additions to the North American officials offer a 35 Henry Pointer California Richard Hentges Iowa Vietnam memorial must be approved percent discount package to Legion- Edna Stappenbeck New York Lou Shaup California by the secretary of the interior, the naires who are planning to move out of Don MacEwan Ohio Arthur and Julie Rawers Illinois Commission of Fine Arts and the state. For information and estimates, Richard Smith New Jersey John Illinois National Capital Planning Commis- contact Andy Mento at Quality Movers/ Egan John Wrenn Massachusetts sion. Interior Secretary Donald Hodel North American Van Lines at 1-800- John Taylor Jr. Pennsylvania Joe Matthews Texas earlier gave his approval, but the 245-6895. If calling from Pennsyl- Nicholas and Alice Brady New York Garrett Byrne Massachusetts request was rejected by the arts com- vania, the number is 1-800-822-2079. Thomas Goggin Colorado Bryant Ashmore Alabama Larry Morgan Minnesota Dennis Lago New York Vincent Farinell California Travis Siler Arkansas Air Fares Convention Reduced Los Angeles Lunch Club California To Arthur Mason California Fred S. Butterworth California Jerry Shaw Massachusetts LEGION has worked out Legionnaires will be entitled to a 40 Carroll Blair Arkansas rHEan agreement with Delta Air percent discount (35 percent from Albert Keller Jr. Illinois Lines to provide discount fares Delta's Canadian cities) off round-trip for Legionnaires and their coach fares. The discount will be based Donations should be mailed to the families attending the 1988 National on the full non-discounted, round-trip Child Welfare Foundation, P.O. Box Convention in Louisville. day coach fares. Travel must be com- 538, Indianapolis, IN 46206-0538

As authorized by Res. I, which the pleted between Aug. 29 and Sept. 29, NEC passed at its last Fall Meeting, 1988, and tickets must be purchased Legionnaires are eligible for an addi- seven days in advance. tional 5 percent off Delta's super-saver For reservations, call Delta's toll- rates, which sell for 75 percent off regu- free number: 1-800-241-6760. Legion- lar round-trip fares if all conditions are naires must use code number PO230 to met. If all super-saver seats are sold, qualify for the discount.

48 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE (

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Veterans alert

68th Medical Regt. (June-Cincinnati. OH) Ralph Gallo- 274th AFA Bn. (July-Columbus, OH) KenTigner, 2286 OUTFIT REUNIONS way. 1228 Hollywood Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45224 (513) Suffolk Ln„ Grove City, OH 43123 (614) 875-9548 729-2335 277th Port Co. (Sept-Norfolk, VA) Jim Beemiller, Rt. 5, 70th Tank Bn./Armor Assn. (May-Nashville, TN) Ashley Box 488, Bedford, PA 15522 (814) 623-5063 Guidelines — Outfit Reunion notices are published for Anderson, Box 316, New Palestine, IN 46163 (317) 861- 299th Combat Engr. Bn. (WWII) (June-Buffalo, NY) Legionnaires only and must be submitted on official 4124 Donald Miller, 808 Placek Dr., Johnson City, NY 13790 forms. To obtain forms, send a self-addressed, stamped 75th Vets Assn. (July-Niagara Falls, NY) Paul Stephan, (607) 797-8826 envelope to: O R Form. The American Legion Magazine, S-5281 Bayview Rd., Hamburg, NY 14075 (716) 649- 338th Rgt. Combat Team, 85th Div., E Co. (Aug-Angola. P.O Box 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206. Notices must be 4807 IN) Paul Scharpenberg, Rt. 2, Box 439, Angola, IN 46703 received at least seven months before reunions are 77th FA Btry, F Btry., 631st FA, C Btry. (WWII) (July- (219) 833-3651 scheduled and will be published only on a first-come, Great Bend, KS) Paul Damm, 1010 Holland St., Great 343rd Engr., Cos. A,B,C, Comp. (Germany, 1945-46) first-served basis. Bend, KS 67530 (316) 792-4845 (July-St. Cloud, MN) Austin McCann, 112837th Ave. No., 79th General Hospital (July-Lansing. Ml) James St. Cloud, MN 56301 (612)251-2823 Gordon, 3818 Southgate. Lansing, Ml 48910 (517) 882- 345th Engrs., F Co. (Sept-Fairmont, MN) Harold Christ- Army 9336 ensen, 663 Shreacres Dr.. Fairmont, MN 56031 (507) 83rd Chemical Mortar Bn. (May-Baltimore) Howard Trey, 235-6328 1st Arm'd Div. Assn. (Aug-Tampa, FL) WS. Beasley. Box 232WyngateDr.. Fredrick. MD 21701 (301)663-5201 351 st Searchlight Bn. (June-Winona, MN) Bob Johnson, 5675, Anderson, SC 29623 (803) 225-2643 85th QM Dpt. Supply Co., 5th Army (WWII) (Apr- 514 Brown St., Jackson, MN 56143 (507) 847-2907 Galveston, IN 1st Bn., 152nd Inf., 38th Div. (152nd Inf. Rgt. Included) Kokomo. IN) Thomas Stewart, Box 237, 362nd S/L Bn. (June-Florence, KY) Dale Wise, 3713 (July-New Albany, IN) Alan Stephens, 2842 Wahoo Dr., 46932(219)699-6286 Shikellamy Dr., Akron, OH 44319 (216) 644-1858 New Albany, IN 47150 (812) 944-0400 86th Blackhawk Div. Ass. (All Units) (Sept-St Charles, 391st Med. Coll. Co., 61st Med. Bn. (July-Elkins, WV) 1st Bn., 8th Cav., 1st Cav. Div. ((Vietnam)) (Aug-Ft IL) Francis Smith, Rt. 1. Box 12B. High Hill. MO 63350 Virgil Hart, Rt 1, Box 229, Elkins, WV 26241 (304) 636- Campbell. KY) Ray Poynter, Rt, 3, Box 754, Berryville, (314) 585-2562 1958 86th QM Bn., B Co. (Aug-Greenville. SC) John Knox, 395th AAA AW Bn. (WWII) (July-Pittsburgh) Albert AR 72616 (501 ( 545-3466 2nd Bn., 304th Ord. Rgt. (B) (Sept-Watertown. NY) 16516 Old Statesville Rd., Huntersville. NC 28078 (704) Johnson, 7846 Thon Dr.. Verona, PA 15147 (412) 731- Lucien Maley, 121 Longdale Dr.. Liverpool, NY 13088 875-6856 7950 5th Arm'd Div. (Midwest) (Sept-Kearney. NE) James 87th Inf. Div. Assn. (Sept-Baltimore) Gladwin Pascuzzo, 419th Arm'd F.A. Bn. (July-Minneapolis) M.J. Rumsey, Burrell, 9245 N.W. Rochester Rd., Topeka, KS 66617 2374 N. Dundee Ct., Highland, Ml 48031 (313) 887-9005 1023 Carrier Crk. Blvd. N.E., B1, Grand Rapids. Ml (913)288-1534 98th Signal Bn.. XI Corps (Camp Crowder-Japan) 49502 (616) 459-0973 6th Inf. Div. Arty., HQ & HQ Btry. (Aug-Cincinnati) (Sept-Harrisburg. PA) Richard Pinckney, 109 Grand 443rd AAA Bn. (July-Hazleton. PA) Felix Viola, 524 Charles Stevens. 1105 Rosetree Ln., Cincinnati, OH Ave.. Middletown, NY 10940 (914) 343-5061 E. Diamond Ave., Hazelton, PA 18201 45230(513)232-1003 101st Airborne Div. Assn. (Aug-Omaha, NE) 101st 458th Ord. Evac. (June-Heber Springs, AR) Lester 10th Arm'd Div. (Western Chapter) (May-San Diego) Airborne Division, Sweetwater, TN 37874 (615) 337-4103 Godgell, Rt. 2, Box 234, Meadville, MO 64659 (816) 938- John Groeling, 11519 Palito Ct., San Diego, CA 92127 103rd Med. Bn. & Rgt. Assn., 28th Div. (Sept-Lancaster. 4325 Lancaster, PA (619) 487-7415 PA) Penrose Milham, 1725 Wilson Ave., 471st AAA AW Bn. (Sept-Uniontown, PA) Sylvester 10th Arm'd Div. Assn. (Sept-Hartford, CT) Charles 17603 (717) 393-3318 Bales. Rt. 1, Box 490, Waldo, Wl 53093 (414) 564-2122 Karlson, 2409 Montana, #G-2. Cincinnati, OH 45211 105th General Hospital (Mar-Tucson, AZ) Robert 471 st Engr. Maint. Co. (June-So. Fallsburg, NY) Anthony 578- 10th Inf. Rgt., 5th Inf. Div., A Co. (June-Columbus, OH) Caldwell, 5659 W. Bar X, Tucson, AZ 85713 (602) DiCroce, 301 Seneca Pky., Rochester, NY 14613 (716) 254-9302 Sanford Highsmith, Rt. 1, Box 148A. Pierceton, IN 46562 0207

( u ly-Ki rksvi II (219) 594-5140 112th Inf., 28th Div., A Co. (July-Corry, PA) James 527th Engr. L.P. Co. J e . MO) Marion 664- 10th Station Hospital (WWII) (Sept-Newton. IA) Derrel Roden, 222 W. Smith St., Corry. PA 16407 (814) Munsinger. 402 9th Ave., Box 7, Eldora, IA 50627 (515) Waring, Box 528, Monroe, IA 50170 (515) 259-2134 7449 858-3585 Quast, N. 10th U.S. Inf. Assn. (Aug-London, KY) James Reistad. 115th Inf., 29th Div., B Co. (June-Hagerstown, MD) 549th Engr, Co. (Aug-Fargo, ND) Roger 2825

Rd.. Hagerstown. 10th St.. Fargo. 58102 ) 235-2893 413 Partridge St.. Independence. MO 64055 (816) 461- George Penner, 214 Woodpoint MD ND (701 4124 21740(301)733-2457 557th AAA Bn. (May-Harrisburg, PA) Louis Edell, 2904 11th Arm'd Cav. Rgt., Air Cav. Trp. (Vietnam) (May-Ft 116th Rgt., 29th Div. D Co. (May-Salem. VA) George Oakcrest Ave., Baltimore, MD 21234 (301) 668-3501 Knox, KY) James Angelmi, 2512 Lower Hunters Trace, Kobe, 27701 Murrieta Rd. Sp. 127, Sun City, CA 92381 559th AAA AW Bn. (All Bats.) (Oct-Wildwood, NJ) St., Philadelphia, 19124 Louisville, KY 40216 (502) 449-1220 (714)679-7982 Herman Ledger, 1931 Ruan PA 14th Tank Bn., 9th Arm'd Div. (May-Louisville, KY) Dee 118th Medical Bn., 43rd Div. (Oct-Central Falls, Rl) John (215)537-5812 Rl (July-Tulsa, Everett Mills, Box Paris, 13110 Holdridge Rd.. Silver Spring, MD 20906 Robertson, 132 Meadow Ave., Cumberland, 02864 591st Engr. Boat Rgt. OK) Sublette, 675-8261 20th Inf. Rgt., K Co. (WWII) (Aug-Peoria, IL) Vernon (401) 722-0362 71, KS 67877 (316) PA) Goodwin. 14338 Summerfield Ln.. #201, Florissant, MO 119th Inf., 30th Div., G Co. (Sept -Charlottesville, VA) 632nd T.D. Bn., Recon. Co. (Aug-Uniontown, Melvin 63033(314)838-4121 Richard Earll. Box 288. Union City, PA 16438 (814) 438- Shelton Sr., 412 Riverside Dr., Baltimore, MD 21221 (301 21st AAA AW Bn. (sp), D Btry. (June-El Paso. TX) 3940 686-0371 (June-lndianapo- Bn. (July-Oshkosh, Wl) Raymond Snider. 8612 Parkland Dr.. El Paso. TX 79925 124th Arm'd Engrs., 13th Div., HQ Co. 713th Arm'd Flame Thrower Rd., Carmel, IN 46032 Robert Fisher, 41 Almshouse Rd.. Richboro, PA 18954 (915) 772-0265 lis) Emil Callahan. 1017 Carey 21st Corps., Rhine-Danube Assn. (WWII) (June-Paris. (317) 846-6960 (215) 355-0869 131st Ord. Maint., 9th Arm'd Div. (Sept-Overland Park. 723rd ROB Bn. MRSV (Sept-Indianapolis) Guilford France) Don Seedborg, 1915 Cedar Ave , Long Beach, City, 24 Campbell St., Indianapolis, IN 46219 CA 90806 (213) 591-4075 KS) Al Irwin, 131st Ord. Assn., Mound KS 66056 Howe, N. (317) 24th Tank Bn., 13th Arm'd Div. (WWII) (Sept-Denver) (913)795-2704 357-8930 729th Oper. Bn. (Sept-Kahspell. Galen Krieg, 110 S.W. 4th St., Newton, KS 67114 (316) 142nd Inf., 36th Div., G Co. (July-Delaware, OH) Jay Railway (WWII) MT) 283-3986 Skinner, 2503 Skinner Rd., Delaware, OH 43015 (614) Albert Colello, 4251 4th Ave., Altoona, PA 16602 (814) 943-0551 27th Tank Bn., 20th Arm'd Div. C Co. (Sept-Kansas City, 363-8868 KS) Donald Patterson, 5119 W, 25th, Topeka, KS 66614 147th F.A. Rgt. (WWII) (Sept-Aberdeen. SD) Joe Kelly, 730th Railway Oper. Bn. (Sept-Wilmington, DE) P.P. Annone Jr.. 18 Marion Ave., Claymont, DE 19703 (302) (913) 272-2403 715 N. Washington St., Aberdeen. SD 57401 (605) 225- 798- 32nd Arm'd Rgt., 3rd Arm'd Div., D Co. (Aug-Seattle) 0404 5568 Engr. (Sept-St. Paul. MN) Phillip Stuart Thayer. 430 17th Ave. E., Seattle, WA 98112 (206) 149th Assn. (WWII) (June-Louisville, KY) Marion 738th Base Depot Co. 784- 324-3079 Williams, 2005 Redleaf Dr., Louisville. KY 40242 (502) Nutter. 789 Mam St., Lino Lakes. MN 55014 (612) 7851 32nd Inf. Div. (Western States) (July-Lompoc, CA) Bud 425-4963 738th Co., Co. (A.B.D Cos. Invited) (Sept-New Abel, Rt. 4, Box 93A. Sp. 81. Woodland. CA 95695 (916) 149th Inf., 38th Div., G Co., (June-Catlettsville. KY) MP C 662-9489 Russell Flint. Hiden Akers, Catlettsville, KY 41129 (606) Orleans) Pat Millela, 2176 Doral Blvd., LaPlace, LA 32nd MP Co. (Sept-Arcadia, Wl) Ignatius Sonsalla, 545 S. 739-8317 70068(504)652-1424 749th Bn. (Sept-Osage Beach. 65065) Theisen St., Arcadia, Wl 54612 152nd Inf., 38th Div., L Co. (Aug-Warsaw. IN) Don Kreis, AAA Gun MO Melvin Rehkop, Rt. 3, Box 226, Concordia, 64020 34th Signal Co. (Aug-Watertown. SD) Torchy Ries. 420 S. Rt 1, Box 249, Milford, IN 46542 (219) 658-9319 MO 463-7420 Lake Dr., Watertown. SD 57201 (605) 886-2176 167th Inf., 31 st Div., E Co. (WWII) (May-Guntersville, AL) (816) 38th Cav. Recon. Trp. (June-Bowling Green. KY) Jessie Walden, 4211 Morrow St., Guntersville, AL 35976 763rd Tank Bn. (July-Peoria. IL) William Crull, 1527 N. 2nd, Chillicothe, IL 61523 (309) 274-2991 Leonard Appel, Box 5, Gillette, WY 82716 (307) 682- (205) 582-5844 9879 187th General Hospital, 687th Compl. Unit (Oct-San 771 st T.D. Bn. (Oct-Loch Sheldrake, NY) Joseph Klein, Hill, 12775 796-3508 38th QM Co., 38th Div. (July-Indianapolis) Ward Buss, Antonio, TX) W W Obleness. 4704 E. 6th St., Tulsa, OK Box 338, Rock NY (914) Destroyer Bn. (Sept-Evansville. IN) Urban 28323 CR 16 W, Elkhart, IN 46516 (219) 295-7604 74112 (918) 834-9417 772nd Tank MelsDr., Evansville, IN 985-2153 39th AAA Grp., HQ Btry. (July-Durbin, WV) Jesse Stark, 191 st F.A. (June-Winchester, TN) Ralph Jackson. Kissel, 831 47712 (812) 778th Tank Bn. (Sept-Indianapolis) George Nicholson. Gen. Del., Durbin, WV 26264 (304) 456-4523 Houghton Dr., Rt. 3, Box 91, Winchester, TN 37398 (615) 1321 E. Douglas St., Goshen. IN 46526 (219) 533-8576 40th F.A. Bn., 10th Inf. (1954-58) (Nov-Las Vegas, NV) 967-4939 791st AAA Bn. (Sept-Burlington, VT) Albert Smith, Ray Farrell, Box 71, Stevens Point, Wl 54481 (715) 258- 193rd F.A. Bn., E Btry. (Apr-Tunkhannock. PA) L B. Shaw. AW Rupert, 05776 394-7892 2540 Rt. 3, Box 236. Tunkhannock. PA 18657 (717) 836-3005 Box 81, West VT (802) (June-Savannah. MO) Robert 48th, 235th CB Engr. Bns., 1108th CB Engr. Grp. (Sept- 194th F.A. Bn., Grp. HQ, 740th F.A. Bn. (Sept-Amana, 814th Tank Destroyer Bn. DeRoos, Box 97, Springfield, 57062 (605) 369-2489 Washington. DC) Ken Selz, 4170 Indian Ln., Dayton. OH IA) Orville Seamer, Rt. 1, Box 71. Goose Lake, IA 52750 SD 820th Tank Destroyer Bn. (Oct-Charlotte, NC) George 45416 (513) 274-6501 (319)659-5291 48021 (313)779- 51st Medical Bn. (WWII) (June-New Cumberland, PA) 208th Combat Engr. Bn. (June-Newport News, VA) Verbeke, 16085 Veronica. E. Detroit, Ml 8046 Wayne Lebo, 7 Penrose St., Harrisburg, PA 17109 (717) Thomas Roberts, 4420 Benzler Rd., Marion. OH 43302 545-8345 (614)389-1933 840th Engr. AVN Bn. (Sept-Windsor Locks, CT) Floyd 54th Medical Bn. (WWII) (Aug-Charleston, WV) Sheldon 238th Engr. (c) Bn. Assn. (July-Charlotte, NC) Jesse Wells, 2906 Blossom St., Columbia, SC 29205 (803) 854- 799- 7616 Morrison, Rt. 2, Box 276, Seneca. PA 16346 (814) 676- Miller, 756 Greendale Rd., York, PA 17403 ( 717) 1387 5169 845th Ord. Dpt. Co. (WWII) (July-Cleveland) Earl Craft, Dr., Falls, 44022 (216) 59th AFA Bn. (June-Ft. Smith, AR) Ben DeStephano. 242nd F.A. Bn. (Aug-Kearney, NE) Katherine L'Heureux, 31499 Woodcrest Chagrin OH 248-6304 17437 Manila St., Northridge. CA 91325 (818) 993-0876 Box 158, Campbell. NE 68932 (402) 756-8727

50 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE ) L —

BIG SAVINGS ON NYLON CAR COVERS 893rd Tank Destroyer Bn. (Sept-Glen Burnie, MD) Harry USS Clarence K. Bronson DD 668 (May-Newport, Rl) Sinclair, 684 Md Rt. 3 No., Gambrills. MD 21054 (301) Ken Sullivan, 10715 N. Robinson Ct., Peoria, IL 61615 923-3190 (309)691-5784 965th F.A. Bn. (WWII) (July-Portland, OR) Joseph USS Converse DD 509 (Destroyer Sq. 23 Included) Ventrella, Box 21, Netarts, OR 97143 (503) 842-9433 (July-Great Falls, MT) Jim Thompson, 28244th Ave. So., 1395th Engr. Const. Bn. (Sept-New Orleans) Norman Great Falls, MT 59405 (406) 452-8800 Rapp. 1253 Grange Ave., Collegeville, PA 19426 (215) USS Cotten DD 669 (Aug-Louisville, KY) Walter 489-7959 Shollmier, 1828 Parnassus, Memphis, TN 38108 (901 1881st Engr. AVN Bn. (Sept-Tulsa, OK) Norman Johnson, 377-9599 1944 Kennard St., St. Paul, MN 55109 (612) 777-0158 USS Delta AR/AK 9 (1941-83) (Sept-Southport, ME) 1896th AVN Engr. Bn. (Elko Engrs.) (June-Richmond, James Elder, 13010 W. Colfax PI.. Butler, Wl 53007 (414) VA) Victor Lechowicz, 719Taylor Ave., Avalon, PA15202 781-7638 (412) 761-7592 USS England DE 635 (Sept-St. Louis) Edward Arterburn, 3205th QM Serv. Co. (Sept-Indianapolis) Albert Rees, 515 W. Virginia Ave., Peoria, IL 61604 (309) 682-0718 13577 E. 126th St., Noblesville, IN 46060 (317) 773-4524 USS Gayety AM 239 (Sept-Omaha, NE) Ralph Zeckser, 3440th Ordnance MAM Co. (June-Myrtle Beach, SC) 5007 W. 63rd Terr, Prairie Village, KS 66208 (913) 432- Maurice Mellor, 1466 Coolidge Blvd., Saginaw, Ml 48603 3983 (517) 793-5054 USS Haggard DD 555 (Nov-New Orleans, LA) John 8055 MASH (1950-52) (Aug-Greeley, CO) Dr. Eugene Macaluso, 3400 S.W. 50th Rd., Ft. Lauderdale, FL33314 Hesse, 125 Main, Box 929, LaSalle, CO 80645 (303) (305) 584-7619 VEHICLE PROTECTION 284-6971 USS Hambleton DMS (1950-53) (Sept-San Francisco) For Daily or Long Term Use! Slip one of Army Counter Intell. Vets (Oct-Norfolk, VA) Anna John Harrington, 2105 Spring Valley Rd., Clearlake these tough, lightweight, 100% nylon ALL Wetherill, 1044 S. Lexan, Norfolk, VA 23508 (804) 489- Oaks, CA 95423 (707) 998-3668

4267 USS Hilbert DE 742 (July-Colorado Springs, CO) Richard SEASON Covers on your vehicle. . .to guard Canadian Women's Army Corps (June-Peterborough, Hilbert, 1339 Chambers Dr., Colorado Springs, CO against dirt, harmful sun rays, frost, snow, Ont., Canada) Evalyn McMaster, 546 George St., 80904 (303) 633-0945 tree sap, etc. Special arrangements with a Peterborough, Ontario, 745- Holland AS 3 (WWII) (June-Seattle) Raymond K9H 3S2, Canada (705 ) USS manufacturer mean LOW prices. Take 3581 Prinz, 801 3rd St., Whitehall, PA 18052 (215) 264-3033 advantage of this exciting offer. Order Polar Bear Assn. (WWII) (Aug-Dearbom, Ml) Alfred USS Ingersoll DD 652/990 (July-Seattle) Charles Bass, TODAY at remarkable savings! Dunfee, Rt. 1, Box 188A, Chestertown, NY 12817 (518) 560 Cypress Ln., St. Marys, GA 31558 (912) 882-5630 494-4009 USS Intrepid CV/CVA/CVS 11 (Aug-New York City) John • Durable 70 Denier Nylon Taffeta. Ridge, NJ Sampson NTS, NY, Co. 274-Unit D (Mar-Apr, 1944) Mahoney, Windsor Dr., Rt. 2, Box 4, Oak • Double Stitched Hemmed Bottoms. (Sept-Waterloo, NY) William Russell, 3916 Idumea Rd., 07438 • Elastic Bands on Ends Offer a Snug Fit. Corryton.TN 37721 (615) 933-0031 USS James C. Owens DD 776 (Oct-Orlando, FL) Lee • Wrap-Around Design. Carry-Case Society of the Fifth Div. (Sept-Colorado Springs. CO) Warren, 500 Southgate Ave., Daly City, CA 94015 (415) Included. John Pflaum, 170 Evergreen, Elmhurst, ll_ 60126 (312) 756-8445 834-3890 USS Jarvis DD 799 (Oct-Springfield, MO) A.J. Oliver, Rt. 0"- Measurements: Bumper to bumper. Allow 1 4, Box 2751, Reeds Spring. MO 65737 (417) 338-5164 15" extra length for wrap-under bumpers, Lackawanna 40 (Oct-Las Vegas, NV) Harold USS AO wagons or pre-1959 autos. Navy Williams, 798 Glen Dr., Bullhead City, AZ 86442 (602) 758-2811 SMALL Compare: *69.95 USS Laurens APA 153 (May-St. Louis) Robert Waskow, 150"-165" Liquidation Price . . . ^m^M 5th Amph. Corps., Med. Bn., A,B,C Cos. (Sept- 2920 43rd St., Two Rivers, Wl 54241 (414) 793-3578 Item H-3272-4514-006 S/H: $4.50 ea. Bellevue, NE) Laddie Vacek, 707 Bellevue Blvd. No., USS LCS (L) (3) 88 (Oct-Norfolk, VA) Arthur Martin, Box Bellevue, NE 68005 (402) 733-3724 161, Marshallville, OH 44645 (216) 855-3131 MEDIUM Compare: *79.95 $0^ 5th Seabees (WWII) (Sept-Louisville, KY) Laurence Terry, USS LCSL 1-130 (Oct-Norfolk, VA) Henry Jeffers, 1415 166"-180" Liquidation Price . . . 5307 Maryman Rd., Louisville, KY 40258 (502) 937- Glen Rock Ave., Waukegan, IL 60085 (312) 623-7450 Item H-3272-4514-014 S/H: $4.50 ea. 8921 USS Leary DD 158, USS Schenck DD 159/AG 82 (Sept- 8th NCB (Sept) Charles Hall, 4223 Wallingford Ln., Baltimore) Albert Knapp, 20 Park Ave., Framingham, MA LARGE Compare: '89.95 son 499-0632 01701 877-0299 . . Louisville, KY 40218 (502) (617) 181"-192" Liquidation Price . OW 34th Spec. Seabee Bn. (Mar-Florida) William Foster, USS Long Island CVE 1 (May-Chicago) Haydn Rees, Item H-3272-4514-022 S/H: $4.50 ea. 2370 DaynaWay, Merced, CA 95340 (209) 723-2483 Box 161, Ogden Dunes, Portage, IN 46368 (219) 762- Compare: *99.95 135th NCB (WWII) (Apr-St. Louis) Jack Pilkington, Box 3582 X-LARGE $«m 176, Riverside, AL 35135 (205) 884-4867 USS LSM 44 (Apr-Nashville, TN)Tony Winkler, 4376 Ewing 193"-210" Liquidation Price . . . «J«J Acorn 34 (Aug-Absecon, NJ) M.C. Sedon, 702 2nd St., Ave., Robbinsdale, MN 55422 (612) 533-8966 Item H-3272-4514-055 S/H: $4.50 ea.

Dunellen, NJ 08812 (201 ) 968-2560 USS LST 277 (WWII) (May-San Antonio, TX) Bill Irwin, Compare: *109.95 All LCC's (June-lndianola, IA) Dr. Elmo Barnum, 508 N. 5509 Panorama Dr., Huntsville, AL 35801 (205) 539- JUMBO $0£ Liquidation Price . . . Buxton, Indianola, IA 50125 (515) 961 -0286 8560 211 "-235" Ow Item H-3272-4514-030 S/H: $4.50 ea. Destroyer Escort Assn. (Sept-St. Louis, MO) Don USS LST 59 (June-St. Louis) John Logue, 18 E. Marthart Glaser, Box 31572, Orlando, FL 32862 (305) 290-5594 Ave., Haverton, PA 19083 (215) 449-4023 $ Compare: 39.95 $«| GroPac 2, Radio KWAJ (July-Grand Rapids, Ml) Charles USS LST 606 (Oct-Virginia Beach, VA) Sam Vernaccini, 49 MOTOR- C Liquidationi Price .... JL9 Brown, 74 Ida Red, #202. Sparta, Ml 49345 (616) 887- Munson St., LeRoy, NY 14482 (716) 768-7274 CYCLE* Item H-3272-4514-048 S/H: $4.50 ea 9442 USS LST 757 (WWII) (June-Fayetteville, NC) Paul *78" cover over the windshield. Naval Support Activity Public Works-Seabees Blackwell, 937 Chester Cir, Fayetteville, NC 28303 (216) motorcycle measured (Vietnam) (Aug-LaCrosse, Wl) Dennis Breidel, 2151 281-8217 Market St., LaCrosse, Wl 54601 (608) 784-1675 USS LST 888/LCT 1414 (Aug-Colorado Springs, CO) Paul Credit card customers can order by Navy 157 NOB (Palermo, Sicily) (June-Carlisle, PA) Terry, 1452 Ardenview Dr., Arden Hills, MN 55112 (612) phone, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. William Harrison, 2285 N. Water St., Decatur, IL 62526 633-1305 (217) 877-1107 USS LST 931 (Spring-1988) Ed Mendenhall, 3398 Jojl-FreejJ-800-328^609 f Navy Seabee Vets of America (Aug-LaCrosse, Wl) Nottingham Rd., Winston-Salem, NC 27104 Authorized Liquidator Dennis Breidel, Box 1002, LaCrosse, Wl 54602 (608) USS LST 947 (May-Charleston, SC) Carl Mamone. 814 3E3ED 1405 Xenium Lane N/Minneapolis, MN 55441-4494 784-1675 Jefferson St., Martins Ferry, OH 43935 (614) 633-0801 Send Car Cover(s) shown below. Add $4.50 each for NJ Arm'd Guard (N.E. Chapter) (WWII) (Oct-Livingston, USS Macabi SS 375 (Aug-Manitowoc, Wl) Paul Rossey, insured shipping, handling. (Minnesota residents add 6% NJ) Alex Lombardi, 14 Brookfield Ave., Montclair, NJ 219 Summit Ave., Summit, NJ 07901 (201 ) 273-8743 sales tax. Sorry, no CO D. orders.) 07043 (201)746-6361 USS Madison DD 425 (WWII) (Sept-Wildwood Crest, NJ) Send SMALL @ $25 ea. Item H-3272-4514-006 P.T. Boats Inc. (Sept-Orlando, FL) Alyce Guthrie, Box 109, Richard Stier, 85 Fornelius Ave., Clifton, NJ 07013 (201) Send MEDIUM @$27 ea. Item H-3272-4514-014 Memphis, TN 38101 (901)272-9980 472-0045 Send LARGE @ $30 ea. Item H-3272-4514-022 USS Aaron Ward DD 483 (April) Thomas McGinnis, 408 USS Mahan DD 364 (May-Nashville, TN) CL. Shugart, Send X-LARGE @ $33 ea. Item H-3272-4514-055 Fairview Ave., Lancaster, PA 17603 746 N. Broad St., Lexington, TN 38351 (901 ) 968-2248 Send JUMBO @ $36 ea. Item H-3272-4514-030 USS Alabama BB 60/SSBN 731 (Apr-Mobile, AL) John USS Massachusetts Assn. (June) Robert Grimes, 11 Send MOTORCYCLE @$15 ea. Item H-3272-4514-048 Brown, Box 501, Keller, TX 76248 (817) 431 -2424 Spring St., Waltham, MA 02154 (617) 894-5797

i PLEASE I ' — i USS Alcor AR 10/AD 34 (WWII) (Sept-Milwaukee, Wl) DD 678 (July-San Francisco) Don —^— r7=x=^ „ USS McGowan CHECK -'"''! iilit?! |^g^ ) Edward Fleischman, 7220 S. Howell Ave., Oak Creek, Rogers, 30 Hurd St., Lynn, MA 01905 (617) 595-1137 Wl 53154 (414) 762-7818 USS Mississippi BB 41 (June-Houston, TX) Hal Aurell, Acct No Exp L USS Antietam CVS 36/CG 54 (Sept-Nashville, TN) Ray Box 487, Ackerman, MS 39735 (601 ) 285-6439 PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY Patrick, Rt. 3, Max Meadows, VA 24360 USS Patoka (May-Boston) Dante Yannetti, 24 Cary Ave., USS Atlanta CL 51 (May-San Diego) Charles Dodd, Box Chelsea, MA 02150 (617) 884-4695 Pacific Grove, 373-7287 USS Petrof Bay CVE 80 (Oct-Reno. NV) Ambrose 51848, CA 93950 (408) 8- Address . Apt USS Balao SS 285 (WWII) (Aug-Milwaukee, Wl) Merrill Ruchotzke, 441 15th Ave., Camanche, IA 52730 (319) Edson, 9720 Waters Ave. So., Seattle, WA 98118 (206) 259-8591 City 723-9228 USS Pierce APA 50 (June-Green Bay, Wl) Louis Leiberg, USS Bridge (Sept-Wagner, OK) Robert Elam, 2866 143 S. Clay St., DePere, Wl 54115 (414) 336-8060 Unaweep Ave., Grand Junction, CO 81503 (303) 242- USS Pittsburgh CA 72 (Sept-Burlingame, CA) Lee Phone — 8024 Warren, 500 Southgate Ave., Daly City, CA 94015 (415) Sign Here USS Callaway APA 35 (June-Dallas) R.L. Stambach, 756-8445 4283-B Island Cir, Ft. Myers, FL33919 (813) 481-0359 Please turn to page 68

MARCH 1988 51 tions bill, Congress approved at least LEGION $14 million for continued supplies and VICTORIES services to the Nicaraguan Contras Continuedfrom page 45 NOW! Get in on the through Feb. 29. This includes $3.6 million in humanitarian aid and $4.5 PROFITS in dl- million for transporting that aid. The appropriation also allows the CIA to

projects, authorizes the donation of deliver any military supplies that it has SMALL surplus federal property to groups that already purchased but not yet delivered help the homeless, increases food- to the Contras. stamp eligibility in certain cases, and The Pentagon is authorized to pro- ENGINE provides grants to community groups vide the CIA, free of charge, sophisti- that offer alcohol- and drug-abuse treat- cated electronic equipment that would jam Sandinista REPAIR! ment services for the homeless. It also radar so that the CIA authorizes an additional $30 million for may deliver supplies inside Nicaragua. Work part time, full time- the Veterans' Training The price tag for planes and the elec- right at home— we help Job Act program you every step of the way. in 1987 and 1988. tronic equipment was estimated at It is estimated that about $6 million. variety of provi- . 30 percent to No doubt about it. . as a small engine pro, you can cash 50 A In on the huge demand for qualified men in one of Amer- percent of all homeless people are veter- sions restrict delivery of these items ica's fastest growing industries. You'll be able to command top hourly rates of from $25.00 to $30.00 per hour — and ans. In April, $15 million was added to after Jan. 20, and prohibit U.S. military that's just for labor. A simple tune-up earns much as as P.L. 100-71, a supplemental appropria- or civilian personnel from providing $49.95 for less than an hours work, and parts, engines and accessories will add even more to the profits. tions measure. The VA used these funds advice or training to the Contras inside Plenty of business waiting for qualified men. to hire additional full-time employees Nicaragua. 65,000,000 Small Engines Are In Use Today! for homeless-aid programs and to reno- The law includes a set of procedures

That's the official count from the Engine Service Assn . and one-million new engines are being built each month. vate unused space in VA medical facili- by which Congress may approve fur- With fully accredited Foley-Belsaw training, you can soon ties for the addition of up to 700 beds ther Contra aid. On Feb. 3 and 4, the have the skills and knowledge to make top money ser- vicing these engines. People will seek you out and pay for the homeless. House and Senate were to debate and you well to service their lawnmowers, tillers, edgers. Between Nov. 1, Jan. vote on a presidential request for con- power rakes, garden tractors, chain saws, mmibikes, 1987, and 1, snowmobiles, generators, go-carts, paint sprayers, 1988. several VA facilities offered such tinuing military aid to the Contras. If

snowblowers . . the list is almost endless. beds. These facilities and the number of the request was approved, the President beds offered: Cleveland, 75; Coates- may submit another request in the third ville. Pa., 40; Little Rock, Ark., 60; quarter of 1988; both chambers of Con- Lyons, N.J., 40;Tacoma, Wash., 60; gress would be required to act on the request Montrose, N.Y. , 60; North Chicago, by Sept. 30. If the votes failed, 111., 60; Portland, Ore., 40; and Palo the President still could pursue the

Alto, Calif. , 40. Another 525 new beds usual authorization and appropriations for homeless veterans are expected to procedures that any appropriations bill be available by April. would have to follow. Professional Tools and Equipment, PLUS 4 H.P. Engine

ALL YOURS TO KEEP. . . All at No Extra Cost. Ten other VA domiciliaries received The American Legion will continue NO EXPERIENCE NECESSARY! funds to increase staffers in programs to press for further aid to the Contras, in You don't need to be a 'born mechanic' or have any prior experience. You can master this profitable trade right at home that treat homeless veterans. order to keep pressure on the Sandinis- in your sparetime. Lessons are fully illustrated so clear you tas to continue the reforms they started can't go wrong, and with our famous leam-by-doing' method you get practical hands-on' experience We also show you CONTRA AID after signing the regional peace plan in how to get business, what to charge, where to get supplies As part of the omnibus appropria- August. wholesale. . . all the inside tricks ot the trade you need to assure success right from the start.

Send for FREE Facts -Do It TODAY! NO Obligation — NO Salesman Calls! You risk nothing by accepting this offer to see how easily you can learn the skills you need to increase your income in a high-profit business of your own.

Just fill in and mail coupon below (or send postcard with address) receive HAVE name and to full YOU information by return mail.

RUSH COUPON TODAY FREE '< Foley-Belsaw Institute BOOKLET! SEEN 6301 Equitable Rd. Send for your Dept. 51396 copy today! Kansas City. Mo. 64120

FOLEY-BELSAW INSTITUTE THIS CHILD? 6301 Equitable Rd Dept. 51396 Kansas City. Mo 64120

YES, please send me the FREE booklet that gives ! tull details about starting my own business in Small PARENTAL KIDNAPPING — Kaf/'e Engine Repair I understand there is No Obligation and j that No Salesman will call on me. Marie Morris, 6. Last seen Aug. 1, j 1984, in Asheboro, N.C. Hair: red.

I NAME Eyes: hazel. Height: 2' 11". Weight: ADDRESS- 35 lbs. Contact the FBI, 7142 Ambas- sador Rd., Baltimore, MD 21207.

I CITY- Telephone (301)265-8080. I |STAT_E_ .ZIP. A public service provided by The American Legion.

52 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Why Are We Offering Our Nationally Advertised GFX-16™ Radio Headphones

As part of a nationwide publicity campaign, a leading New compact design. You'll be amazed at the true sound it delivers, l York company will offer its compact personal radios—the and it even has a sensitive telescoping antenna. And it's easy to GFX-16™ Headphone Radios—for the astonishing publicity operate, too. Because the tuning and volume controls are on the price of only $5 to every person who writes to the company outside of the headphones, you can adjust them, without even address (below) before Midnight, May 17, 1988. removing the headset! It's powered by two "AA" batteries (not

included) and it even folds up neatly for easy storage! These are the same GFX-16 Headphone Radios nationally — advertised by us in leading media throughout America. Not Available from Us *Similar headphone radios have been sold by others for $20.00 At This or Any Price in Any Store and higher. Now, during this nationwide publicity campaign, Because the GFX-16 Headphone Radios are expected to be the you can have our nationally advertised GFX-16 for only $5, if fastestselling personal headphone radios ever sold by this you act promptly. multi-million dollar company, we decided not to sell any other Lightweight (just 6 ounces!), with foam-cushioned earphones models. They will not be sold at this—or any—price by the and adjustable headstrap, it's comfortable enough to wear all company in any store. There is a limit of 2 radios per address at day long! But what's more, these Headphone Radios contain a this price but if your request is mailed early enough (before performance-oriented AM/FM radio. Now, take your favorite May 9) you may order up to 5. Each radio is covered by the music, news, talk shows or play-by-play sports action wherever company's full one-year money-back guarantee. you go! Its convenient hands-free operation lets you listen while To order, mail your name and address (on a sheet of paper) and you run jog—work—cook—or clean. No dangling cords, no — $5 for each set of GFX- 1 6 Headphone Radios. Add only $2 ship- bulky unit to carry' in your pocket! And, best of all, your own ping per set. (New York and California residents add sales tax.) "personal" preferences or moods in programming won't disturb Allow up to 6-8 weeks for shipment. Make checkpayable to RBM family, friends, co-workers or anyone around you. Ltd. Mail to: RBM, HEADPHONE RADIO, Dept. 570-157, Because its construction utilizes state-of-the-art electronic Box 1705, Hicksville, NY 11855. (R48940) technology, it packs a p-o-o-o-owerful receiver in an ultra-

®1988 RBM Ltd., 1200 Shames Drive, Westbury, NY 11590 J ! .

occasion to ride over to Concord for some Got a Minit? corn meal and two real skin pelts for the PATRIOT bellows on my forge. While there, I had an Make Continuedfrom page 29 opportunity to observe a British cannon that had been used in the recent fighting in that

area. I am now sure I could build a cannon. a Button!^ It is nothing but a long hollow tube with with FARNSWORTH some bands around it and closed at one end. VladgefklVlinit I have an idea for a sight similar to one I use 95 BLACKSMITH SHOP $26 AND CANNON WORKS on my squirrel rifle, and I'll bet that would In just a "minit" you can enter improve the markmanship of the cannoneers. the fast and easy, tun and Seeing a real cannon has so excited profitable world of button- me December 19, 1776 making with Badge-A-Minit. that I have changed the name of my business Wilfred Corners These 2 Vi " plastic coated to "Farnsworth Blacksmith Shop & Cannon buttons are fun to make, Independent Colony Works." I would not have been able to fun to wear and easy to of Massachusetts sell at flea markets, spend so much time on this but the winter fairs, conventions or has been hard, and I've had very little sporting events. Supply buttons for community events, Winfield Jenkins, GS-11 regular businesses or churches. blacksmith business Industrial Qualification Board For $26 95 you get a hand held press, a set of 5 truly, assembly rings and enough designs and metal parts Weapons Procurement Evaluation Branch Yours to make 10 buttons. To order additional button parts (WPEB) Andrew Farnsworth see the catalog included with every order. Bureau of Ordnance Owner & Proprietor Order today or send for a FREE catalog Call Farnsworth 1-800-223-4103 (In IL 815-224-2090) Headquarters, Colonial Army Blacksmith Shop Cannon Works 301h Rd., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania & Badge A Minit, Dept. AL-388 , 348 North Box 800, LaSalle, IL 61301, Phone 1-800-223-4103 (In IL 815-224-2090) Dear Mr. Jenkins:

Send me the Badge-A-Mmi; Starter Kit for only $26 95 plus $1 75 shippma (II residents add si. 68 lax) I thank you for the Bidder's Qualification Colonial &rmp VISA T MaslerCard Forms for "Horses, Shoeing in the Field." I

am sorry, but if the war gets any place close January 11, 1777 Exp Dale to Wilfred Corners. I will pack up my family Philadelphia, Pennsylvania calalog I am not ordering now, but please send me a FREE and make a dash for the Canadian border. It

Name . therefore seems unnecessary to complete Andrew Farnsworth Address . the forms for qualification in this area of Owner & Proprietor

City supply. Farnsworth Blacksmith Shop I would still like to build a cannon. Since & Cannon Works I last wrote you and sent the forms, I had Wilfred Corners, Massachusetts

In Reply, Refer to: MU-7605 This VET Did It -and YOU] Dear Mr. Farnsworth: me "War injuries left Can Do It handicapped, Put I am pleased to advise you that the additional hadlv success a financial research and study in cannon design pointed now I'm thanks to as a Locksmith, Too! Besides the out in your recent letter, plus the alteration your training. of If I can ^ ork is fascinating. company orientation as evidenced by the new can. - do it anybody Larned, Kan name ofyour organization has enabled us to Glen i^hn^nn. reopen our investigation ofyour qualifications Make Up to $26.00 an Hour — even while learning for bidding on the design and production of Train cannonsfor the Colonial Army. FAST 1 must caution you in regard to the suggested at Home! Be a LOCKSMITH! invention of a new device for improving the of this always- If you enjoy fixing things, you're a "natural" enable you to get your share accuracy of cannoneers . After initial submis- to hundreds of EXTRA DOLLARS a profitable business. Hundreds we've trained make sion of a Bidder's Qualification Form to this year in the fascinating business of Lock- are doing it. So can YOU. smithing. Rising increased de- office, all rights to all inventions of your crime has MAIL COUPON to discover how Locksmith- for service a thousandfold. Yet there's mand ing can keep the extra money coming in dur- company become the property ofthe Colonial only one Locksmith for every 17,000 people! ing spare time — or in your own full-time Army and the Continental Congress. COLLECT CASH PROFITS ALMOST AT ONCE! business. Ideal for retirement— good jobs, too.

"in INSTITUTE You're business" ready to make $10 to $26,00 FOLEY-BELSAW By Order ofThe Commanding Officer an hour a few days after you begin Foley- 6301 Equitable Rd.. Dept 11377 Belsaw's shortcut training. Easy illustrated les- Kansas City, Mo. 64120 sons complete with ALL practice equipment N. Hunt, Wilmington, Del. — "I make $50 a Winfield Jenkins, GS-11 PLUS week extra." — Industrial Qualification Board R. Davis, St. Louis. Mo. "I cleared $110 last • ALL TOOLS YOURS TO KEEP Saturday." Weapons Procurement Evaluation Branch KEY KEEP • MACHINE YOURS TO Ed Boyle, Pittsburgh, Pa. — "My business going (WPEB) • EXPERT PERSONAL ASSISTANCE at top speed. I'm moving to bigger quarters." • BUSINESS-BUILDING HELP ppp£ Bureau of Ordnance MAIL THIS COUPON • NO SALESMAN WILL CALL Headquarters, Colonial Army FOLEY-BELSAW INSTITUTE Philadelphia, Pennsylvania I THIS DO-ALL PRO 17) 6301 EQUITABLE DEPT. 11377 RD., Vntl;l"y KEY MACHINE YOURS » KANSAS CITY, MO. 64120 I Rush FREE book, "Keys to your Future. Continued I Next Month TO KEEP! Name Can add $50 to $100 a week Address. I

to your in- I City _State_ -Zip. come . . . and FREE doesn't cost ' I

you a penny I extra!

54 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE ! — . X 1

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SECOND HOME tion plan, is to limit the power of elected LIVING officials — to expand it. INVESTMENT not HOMES Q B What provisions of GRH have shielded veterans' programs and Century Communities offer you a wide range of Fun-in-the-Sun choices in new mobile services? home living, including communities with . . . waterfront living and marinas . . . golf course The original GRH exempted veter- living . . . large clubhouse . . . heated swimming pools . . . Jacuzzi whirlpools . . . plus many A other amenities. For service and financial savings. Century offers its own Mortgage Company, ans' pensions and compensation Insurance Company and Travel Club Agency programs to its home buyers. from cuts, should they be imposed as a Some are double-wide communities with prices from $29,900 and some are single-wide result of Congress' not meeting spend- communities with prices from $17,900. ing targets. Also, cuts in veterans' health-care programs were limited, A 11 14 Communities have Learn about the choices along with the advantages avail- based on how much they would be Guaranteed Lifetime Leases able to you as offered by Florida's largest provider of new mobile home communities: affected should an across-the-board cut and are Developed MAIL TO: be necessary. and Operated by CENTURY COMMUNITIES (813) 647-1581 The new GRH exempts veterans even —CENTUR Y— P.O. Box 5252 • Lakeland, FL 33803 further, especially in insurance-related Name veterans' programs such as National Choice locations include Ocala, Service Life Insurance and Veterans' Leesburg, Wildwood, Tampa- Street Address Plant City, Winter Haven, Lake- Insurance Indemnity, and in some City State_ Zip. land, Haines City, Sebring, Eustis, rehabilitation activities. Veterans' pro- Zephyrhills, Ft. Myers and Pine Phone ( grams have been given the high priority Island. that they deserve.

' It's important for me to mention that Homeowners! I understand veterans' issues. My father died in a veterans' hospital; my mother draws indemnity and compensa- 7 ways Better Than tion from the VA; and both my brother and I attended college under the GI Bill. Ordinary Lawn MoweitsL So I believe it's fair to say that I know just how important veterans' programs The TROY-BILT TUFF-CUT® is the perfect alternative are to American families. to ordinary walk-behind mowers & expensive "riders"!

• Easy tO Handle — Big, easy-rolling powered wheels handle slopes, obstacles, and rough ground with ease. DEFICIT • Extra Power — No more annoy- Continuedfrom page 20 ing hesitation or stalling in heavy grass. • Paster — The wider mowing path and easy maneuvering help get your

lawn done in record time. writing to their senators and representa-

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56 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE . .

DOES 60 lbs. OF TOMATOES FROM ONE YIELD SOUND INCREDIBLE? NOT IF YOU OWN THE TREE TOMATO (Cyphomandra betacea)

GROWS INDOORS OR OUTDOORS ... YOU PICK BASKET AFTER BASKET OF RIPE, TASTY TOMATOES

... ONE BUMPER CROP AFTER ANOTHER . .

5 TO 7 MONTHS A YEAR . . . YEAR AFTER YEAR!

We Get Letters!

Read what Mr. L. F.S. of Wise, has to say: "... Just a line to let you know the Tree Tomato is doing

great . . . about S'A ft. tall . . . you said leaves grew 12" . . . mine are 15 and 16". It's just beautiful!"

Noted Citriculturist of New Zealand says: "Ripening in New Zealand from late April to early November, the tree tomato (or Tamarilo) has a very long fruiting season. Its wide range of culinary uses make it a valuable win-

ter and spring fruit . . . a welcome addition to the menu." "Although introduced into New Zealand many years ago, it is only in recent years that the tree tomato has become better known for its many uses. It is now much sought after, and its popularity is indicated by the high price realized for it on

local markets . . . Under suitable conditions the plant will produce from 40 to 60 lbs. of fruit annually." From Lakeland Nurseries comes the biggest garden sensation of the century ... THE PERENNIAL TOMATO!

The TREE TOMATO ... a remarkable new horticultural concept . . . unlike

anything you've ever seen before! NOT a vine . . . NOT a regular tomato plant that withers and dies after one summer ... the TREE TOMATO is a living,

growing tree that BEARS FRUIT SEASON AFTER SEASON . . . YEAR AFTER YEAR! Why settle for garden-fresh tomatoes a few short weeks of the year? Why put up with hothouse tomatoes that taste like cardboard the rest of the time? Not when you can pick crop after crop of red, plump juicy TREE TOMATOES up to 7 months a year (all year 'round when grown indoors!) WAVE AFTER WAVE OF SUCCULENT TREE TOMATOES GROW AS QUICK AS YOU CAN PICK 'EM! GROW IT OUTDOORS AS A TREE— INDOORS AS A HOUSEPLANT! Your TREE TOMATO will arrive already leafed-out ... in full, green hardy The TREE TOMATO will thrive marvelously— indoors or out! If you live in a vigor! When ready to bear, the branches will literally droop with huge clusters temperate zone, plant it outdoors and enjoy its bountiful, exotic beauty in of delicious TREE TOMATOES, hundreds upon hundreds . . . and, as one crop your garden! Or, tub-grow the TREE TOMATO, bring it indoors for winter, and is harvested, another rushed forth to take its place ... so you have a surprise your family and friends with ripe, just-picked tomatoes. Or . . . culti- virtually constant supply of luscious TREE TOMATOES! vate the TREE TOMATO as a house-plant anytime . . . anywhere! The TREE TOMATO will achieve heights of up to 8 ft. outdoors, but it can be trimmed SATISFACTION GUARANTEED! MAIL COUPON TODAY! and trained to any size or shape you wish! ENJOY TREE TOMATOES SO MANY DELECTABLE WAYS! LAKELAND NURSERIES SALES, Dept. LKL-2637

. . It's We think TREE TOMATOES are much tastier than ordinary tomatoes . Bldg. #5, Hanover, PA 17333 hard to find a meatier, firmer, more bursting-with-goodness taste treat! season! I tomato goodness-even out of Of course, like all fruit, your tree tomatoes should be eaten ripe. Rich in Sure, want to enjoy fresh-picked Kindly send TREE TOMATOES (L101170E) as indicated below on money- Vitamin C TREE TOMATOES are fabulous in salads, sandwiches and are absolutely fantastic just sliced up and popped in your mouth! back guarantee. + 90(£ handl. Nothing beats fresh produce, so why continue to pay high supermarket prices for 1 TREE TOMATO @ only $5.99 post. & inferior tomatoes, when you can grow your own TREE TOMATOES! REMEMBER, 2 TREE TOMATOES @ only $9.99 + $1.40 post. & handl. 4 TREE only $16.99 + $2.40 post. & handl. WE SHIP MATURE PLANTS ... NOT SEEDS . . . ORDER YOUR TREE TOMATOES TOMATOES @ TODAY! Full growing instructions included. Enclosed is $ (Pa. residents add sales tax.) LAKELAND'S DOUBLE GUARANTEE PRINT NAME All plants must arrive in perfect condition. If you are not totally satisfied with any order, return within 10 days for a prompt replacement or refund of purchase price ADDRESS (except post. & hdlg.). And all plants must thrive after planting, or return anytime CITY .STATE. .ZIP within 3 months for prompt replacement— no questions asked! Check here and send 50c for a year's subscription to our full LAKELAND NURSERIES SALES, Hanover, Pa. 17333 color nursery catalog (L389957X). © H.H.I., Inc.. 1988 in 1983 by Hyrum Smith, Richard Win- SEND FOR YOUR FREE wood, Dennis Webb and Lynn Robins, SMALL BUSINESS who put up $40,000 of their own sav- Continuedfrom page 27 ings. The institute, which trains top Hanover executives to be more productive, has doubled its earnings each year; this Shoe year, it will earn about $4 million, pendence are the main reasons for start- working with clients that include many Catalog ing businesses. Only 6 percent of those Fortune 500 companies. The combined Today! surveyed started businesses for the net worth of Franklin's four founders is money. more than $2 million. The business owners agreed that the While business ownership means Exceptional toughest part was the stress in their independence for most people, it often value in quality shoes have personal lives, partly caused by the means big money, too — so much money been the risks involved and the difficulty of get- that millionaires are no longer a rarity Hanover tradi- tion since 1899. ting working capital. Even so, the most in America. In fact, today one of every The Hanover enduring aspect of small business is 360 Americans is a millionaire. difference is a unique combination of old world skills and our state-of-the-art manufacturing millions of Americans' determination That may not beat mom, but it process that brings you quality men s footwear to get into it. certainly gives apple pie a run for the you'll be proud to wear. From sizes 6 to 15, AA- EEE, no foot is hard to fit at Hanover and every That determination can lead to suc- money. pair comes with our unconditional guarantee cesses like David Smith's. Smith of 100% satisfaction. founded Precor Inc. in Redmond, Wash., in 1978, using $5,000 of his Hanover Shoe, Dept. 99040 own money and $10,000 that he bor- 118 Carlisle St., Hanover, PA 17331 rowed. He designed and built rowing | FREE with every catalog-Two Discount | _ checks worth $10. « machines in his basement. "Things Yes, please send me your FREE were so bad that my mother would I HANOVERI catalog invite me over for dinner, just to be sure

that I had something to eat," he said. Print Name . I Today, Smith's net worth is $7.5 mil- Address lion. LCity .Zip. Another success story is Franklin Institute Inc. of Salt Lake City, founded

"This Is NOT A.. .Frying Pan" Nationally Advertised Scandinavian Dry Cooker For Only $Q959 DRY FRYING REVOLUTIONIZES COOKWARE

As part of an enormous nationwide publicity campaign, to prove that we have the ab solute lowest prices available in the nation, the giant new home shopping club "USA Buyers Network" will otter one million of its most expensive fat and calorie free culinan systems - the famous nationally advertised Dry Cooker, for the unbelievable publicity price of just $9.95 only to those who write to the company address (below) before Midnight, Mar. 20, 1988.

Not $50, Not $19.95 - Incredible Give Away For Only $9.95! Similar culinary systems have been nationally advertised by others on television for double our price. In fact, you would think that a high tech culinary system like this would sell lor well over $50. But during this nationwide publicity campaign, you don't pay $50 or even halt that much You pay an incredible low-low price of just $9.95! But this offer is for a limited time and only available through THIS nationwide publicity campaign if you respond before the deadline above. Enjoy Delicious Fried Food Without Fried Food Calories! steaming — your vegetables will be bursting with color and Just it would like to eat all the fried foods you love imagine what be vitamins! You can even dry roast nuts or bake potatoes. With a lit- cholesterol, calories that your can without the fat, grease, and body do tle imagination, the possibilities are virtually unlimited. Remember, without. favorite French Fries in this high tech dry cooker, Cook up your the Dry Cooker with exclusive Internal Cooking Tower gives you all and you'll have a delicious, crispy, low calorie snack that's sure to of the flavor of crisp frying with none ot the fattening grease or fussiest of eaters. (Remember, a whole potato has just satisfy even the The Secret calories! No wonder this is the most popular and fastest selling calories its fried!) 90 when NOT deep The exclusive Internal Cooking Tower cookware ever sold by this giant new home shopping club!

It's hard to believe, but that's still just the beginning! Four pieces of deep forces super hot air to circulate rapidly These Nationally Advertised Dry Cookers will not be sold to any fried chicken cooked surrounded by boiling oil actually soaks up more throughout the heating chamber to give wholesalers, dealers, or retailers at this price. They are only than 1/4 cup of oil — that's over 500 calories! Put chicken in the dry you the same effect of frying without available through this special publicity campaign for a limited time. cooker and it's surrounded only by naturally flavored super heated air. the fattening grease and oil! There is a limit of two (2) per address at this price, but requests without worrying Now you can enjoy that crispy fried chicken you love that are mailed early enough (before Mar. 15, may request up to fat hate! If you're one of those people that can't seem to stick about the ugly and calories you five. Each Dry Cooker is covered by a full one year money back guarantee. to even the simplest of diets because you hate the taste of those bland foods you have to eat, TO ORDER: Send your name, address and $9.95 for each Dry Cooker you are requesting. this miracle dry cooker is the answer you've been waiting for to start you on your way to a Add just $3 for shipping, handling, and insurance (no matter how many units you are re- slimmer, trimmer, healthier you! questing). Visa and MC users please supply Account No., Expiration Date, and Signature. Tongue Tantalizing Treats! (Virginia residents add sales tax). Allow up to 60 days tor shipment. Mail to:

Try the dry cooker on hot dogs and they'll taste as if they've been barbegued over a hickory USA Buyers Network, Dept. DC 1598 fire. Dry cook vegetables and you'll notice an incredibly wonderful difference from boiling or One American Way, Roanoke, VA 24016 1 987. omv inc (1839)

58 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE EAT ALL DAY AND STILL LOSE WEIGHT

YOU CAN'T STAY ON A DIET IF YOU'RE HUNGRY

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7 LBS. 1st 48 HRS. NO MORE FAT PROBLEMS LOSE FAT FOREVER

14 LBS. 1st 7 DAYS SEE THE POUNDS DISAPPEAR MEDICALLY PROVEN FORMULA DAY BY DAY-EACH DAY UNLOCKS THE SECRET LABORATORY'TESTED SAFE OF LOSING WEIGHT WAY TO LOSE WEIGHT FAST

WASH AWAY YEARS OF FAT IT REALLY WORKS FOR YOU

LEAVE THE FAT BEHIND NOTHING WORKS FASTER

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- 95 PER ORDER Nothing has been proven as safe as Dexavall 2001. 1986 CANADIAN S OUTSIDE USA $29 Ortega said, in the hypothetical event drawal. But as a matter of fact, even at that the Sandinistas lost, what they that moment the Soviets were increas- PEACE PLAN would give up "would be the govern- ing military and economic aid to Nica- Continuedfrom page 33 ment, but not the power." In short, any ragua. The stories about the Soviet cut- idea that Sandinista Nicaragua wants back on oil shipments to the Sandi- peace with its neighbors under any nistas in the spring of 1987 turned out peace plan could not have been more to be important "disinformation." Minister Humberto Ortega wasted little convincingly disproved. Meanwhile, the Contras began new time in confirming Miranda's story — The Soviet role in Nicaragua remains offensives, despite America's ambiva- which, in effect, meant that tiny and both strange and ominous. In a remark- lence about providing further aid, and formerly inconsequential Nicaragua able interview on the second day of the the mood of ordinary Nicaraguans had plans to become the second-most- American-Soviet summit last December rapidly went from passive anger to des- militarized country in the area, after President Reagan told four reporters perate rage. Even The New York Times, Cuba. And when his brother, President that he had discussed Nicaragua with which has tended to support the Sandi- Daniel Ortega, tried to play down Hum- Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev, nistas, said in a front-page story, "Pub- berto's statements, he only made it pointing out to him the similarities with lic art and government billboards do worse. Even if there were elections, Afghanistan in terms of a Soviet with- not express the exhaustion, apathy and bitterness>that appear to affect the Nicaraguan people deeply, and to have made this holiday season heavy with

suffering and poverty . . . today, eight LIGHT FLANNEL LINED years later, the Sandinistas are on the defensive. The Nicaraguan economy has crumbled. The armed challenge from the American-backed Contras is sharpening, and popular support for the government appears to have declined 14 markedly, although there appears to be TTENTION: no immediate threat to the Sandinistas' Sports Fans, Hikers, hold on power." Dog Walkers, There are economic problems as Construction Men — well. The U.S. dollar exchange rate for ALL OUTDOOR Nicaraguan cordobas was 14 to 1 in ENTHUSIASTS! 1979; now it is 30,000 to 1. A year ago, We frankly put our a 60-word telegram sent from Nica- best foot forward in this ragua to Panama cost $635. top value, top quality The peace plan, then, has done Jacket. The tight woven something — it has clarified, as nothing nylon shell stops wind & rain, while the lightly has before, the complete totalitarian brushed cotton flannel intent of the Sandinistas. There really is lining keeps you cozy. no room for mystery any more. What,

PLUS you get two then, comes next? | big slash pockets, elastic The Contras, as imperfect as they cuffs and bottom, easy are, have provided several invaluable snap front and full services, and Congress should continue roomy cut. to provide aid. The Contras have pres- This is our most sured the Ortega brothers to make at popular jacket ever and least a semblance of change, if not real truly classic American a change. Most important, the Contras style. Don't miss out on have protected other Latin American this low, Haband price. countries from Sandinista subversion Mall your order at by turning the Sandinistas' expan- once! Use this coupon: sionist revolutionary impulses inward. quality Haband import. But in the long run, the Sandinistas are not going to go away. No one should HABANO'S Lightly Flannel Lined Or, Take 2 for underestimate the possibility of a brief only 29.50 JACKET American invasion to get the wildly Paterson, NJ 07530 HABAND 265 N. 9th St . FIND YOUR SIZE! HABAND'S unpopular Sandinistas out. That might Please send me Jackets for which I enclose s M L XL even come in this President's last term, 134 361 138 40) 142 441 146 481 $2 00 for postage and handling GUARANTEE: $ plus *XXL *XXXL for what does he have to lose now? Try it on, look it over. 150 521 154 56) Visa MasterCard Or Charge Check the fit and features. As Judge William Clark once said PLEASE ADD S3 PER JACKET If for any reason you don't FOR SIZES XXL h XXXL. about Reagan and his particular passion want to wear it, return it HOW within 30 days for a full about Nicaragua, "You must under- 7BH-35E 35E Color sizf ' refund of every penny Name stand that Nicaragua is the key to every- D Blue you paid us! Street thing for him, for if he allows com- B Grey Haband Co . i Q City munism to take hold in this hemis- C Burgundy State Zip phere, he cannot fight it anywhere."

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Men. You'll feel like COVERT ACTION a top athlete Continuedfrom page 25 ...instantly!

Controls your stomach. ..plus extra legislation providing for congressional panel for firm back support. oversight of such activities. Congress Imagine how great you could look with the build of a top also rejected bills pro: slim waist, flat stomach, firm buttocks, tall, athletic has that would have posture. Now you can help achieve that look, in prohibited covert operations. seconds, with Pro-Shaper.™ The argument that covert operations Pro-Shaper body controller does all this and more: • Supports back to keep you going strong, all day. foster disregard for the law and under- • Diamond panel helps flatten midsection. • Superb athletic support that can't slip, or bunch up. mine our democratic institutions is • Comfort-blend nylon/spandex knit breathes and unconvincing. Such operations, when moves with you. V carried out under carefully crafted Order now, while this money-saving special sale lasts. guidelines, do not threaten the rights of Style 3510-203, Chest sizes 32-48. White. BEFORE and AFTER American citizens. To say that covert action is both legal SALE! Only *19" and useful does not mean that it should Satisfaction Guaranteed! "Crtclcal^——- each when you buy 2 Pri£»-924£ Wear 1 Wash 1 You must be thrilled, or return it be used on all occasions, or that covert in 30 days with your sales slip for 50 a cheerful refund of the purchase 1 for only $23 operations should not be subject to cer- price, except for postage & hand 98 tain restrictions. The key criterion for ling. Call or send in now! SAVE MORE! 2 for $39 beginning covert operations is set forth EfS J. M. Devrey, Inc. Dep. 82230 CHECK TYPE OF PAYMENT: in the Hughes-Ryan Amendment, «W 38 St. Johns PL, Box 3020, Freeport, N Y. 11520-0800 | PREPAID. I enclose which requires the President to find that check or money order I Please rush Style 3510-203 Order for total amount. such action is "important to the national ' My exact chest size C.O.D. I enclose $5 N Y Residents Now! I Check how many: deposit. security of the United States." Ideally, Add Sales Tax Send me 1 for $23.50 CHARGE TO: before launching a covert action, the Just fill Post & Handling $3.00 Send me 2 for $39.98 Visa Total President also must consider its antici- in thisS Send me 3 for $59.97 MasterCard Card No. pated benefits, the potential risks and COUpOn. Mr. (Print) | the consequences of its disclosure. Charge Orders CALL Address

Expires . 1-516-623-6211 . .. It has been suggested that the Presi- utv _State_ -Zip- 1986 Ask for Dept. 82230 © J.M. Devrey, Inc j dent should initiate only those operations that the American people understand and support. But this populist

approach might be unwise. It should be For LESS THE 1955 PORSCHE 356A REPLICA, OUR SPEEDSTER CALIFORNIAN. ^ recalled, for example, that President ^ Roosevelt's policy of supporting Britain '-"'?*!' CM TDd® M,®adl AsaM against the Axis powers was rather Re-create this cs) unpopular in then-isolationist America. classy sportscar - f Yet few people would argue that his Turn back a page actions did not ultimately benefit our of highway history - democracy. re -capture the sass, the Are all means permissible in covert road-smooth hi-tech operations? For a long time, the answer personality of the '55 to that question seemed to be yes. For Porsche! We've added road- example, the 1954 Doolittle Report,

ggability, a sexier image prepared for President Eisenhower, ease-of-assembly. noted that "there are no rules in such a game. Hitherto-acceptable norms of ppsiopari human conduct do not apply." This attitude, however, has not endured. Con- cerned about certain abuses that the Look for our displays in over 50 major airports CIA committed in the early 1970s, both Congress and the executive branch launched investigations. As a result, beginning with President Ford, execu- In Minnesota call (612) 546-7336 tive orders barred CIA involvement in ®1987. Fiberfob International such activities as assassinations of

335-C-8 foreign leaders. The system of accounta- FIBERFAB INTERNATIONAL, INC. mm-\ bility—and congressional and execu- 6807 Wayzata Boulevard V" Minneapolis. MN 55426 tive oversight of intelligence activities Hours: Mon. - Fri. 8:30 AM - 10 PM =^54W — also was strengthened. 1 fimwab - - | Sat. 9 5 PM. Sun. II 10 PM AM AM City. Zip Enclosed is $1.00 for each full color brochure and Replica While in principle the congressional Kit information. Home Phone ( oversight system represents a sound D Replica 1952 MG-TD Replica 1929 Mercedes Benz political compromise, its operation D Replica Speedster California!! D Replica 1955 356A Speedster Bus. Phone ( Please charge my: MasierCard visa Am. Exp. over the past decade leaves much to be

Ac-ci. Nil Exp Dale Signature _ AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE desired. Recently, Congress has been strong opposition within the agency to misusing its appropriations power to any tough action against terrorism. COMRADES IN DISTRESS run roughshod over the executive Overall, it is clear that covert action Readers who can help these veterans are urged to branch and dictate the specific details is both a legitimate and necessary tool do so. Usually an eyewitness statement is needed in support of VA claim- of various covert operations. In addi- of American foreign policy. When sub- a Notices are run only at the request of American Legion tion to indulging its tendency to micro- jected to appropriate restrictions, it also Service Officers representing claimants, using Search for Witness Forms available only from State Legion Service manage and second-guess the executive is legal, and fully compatible with Officers. Please contact CID (number). The American branch, Congress also indulged itself in American democratic traditions and Legion Magazine, P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206 an excessive dose of partisanship. institutions. Both the executive branch SLCU 32, USS LST 803 Chris Gold needs witnesses to Leaks emanating from the opponents and Congress play, and ought to con- verify a claim that while stationed at Turner City, Florida of covert action within Congress and tinue playing, important roles in over- Island, British Solomon Islands Group in 1944- 1951. he the executive branch have greatly seeing covert operations. suffered from fungus of the ears and while aboard ship in 1951, he suffered from stomach problems and dislocated strained the oversight system and However, our performance has to be left elbow. Contact CID 1124

jeopardized vital intelligence opera- improved dramatically. Contrary to the 8076th Mobile Army Surgical Hosp. Edward E. Bradley needs witnesses to verify a claim that while stationed tions. Assistant Attorney General opinions of critics of the current admin- at Wachan Reservoir, No. Korea in Oct/Nov 1951, he Richard Willard recently noted, "The istration, passing new intelligence- injured his back when a slit trench caved while he was crossing it carrying a large oxygen tank. Contact CID selective leak has oversight statutes is to become a principal not the way go. 1144 means of waging bureaucratic warfare. Instead, Congress should adopt a more- USS Dobler DE 48 Edgar L. Fugitt is seeking witnesses to Opponents of a covert operation kill it constructive attitude toward covert verify a claim that while aboard ship in 1944, he suffered hearing loss due to heavy artillery. Contact CID 1145 with a leak." As the recent Bob Wood- operations. The attitude that leaks are a 58th AJO, Ftr. ward book Veil demonstrates, even rela- legitimate tool of bureaucratic warfare 58th Bomb Grp. Charles L Plott needs witnesses to verify a claim that whil stationed at K55, tively non-controversial covert actions should be eradicated, institutional Korea in 1955, he suffered a broken nose after being hit are leaked to the press with alarming resistance to covert action should be across the face which resulted in surgery about 3 years ago. Contact CID 1146 frequency. overcome and our covert capabilities Alaska Com. System Signal Corp. Ray Edward Congress' negative attitude toward should be bolstered. Cantzler needs witnesses to verify a claim that while covert action has prompted certain Admittedly, maintaining the proper stationed at Ketchikan, AK in 1949, he suffered from frost bite and gangrine and was sent to Ft. Lawton, WA. unfavorable reactions. But contrary to balance between Congress and the Contact CID 1147

the popular image of the CIA "cow- executive branch, and between the Dalhart Army Air Base John E. Riley is seeking witnes- boy," most career-minded officers tend requirements of a democracy and the ses to verify a claim that while stationed at Dalhart Air Base in Jan/Feb 1944, he was hospitalized with back to stay away from controversial opera- imperatives of secrecy, are not easy injury due to automobile accident. Contact CID 1148

tions. For example, according to Wood- tasks. However, given the threats to our 3109th AE Mech. Albert Ross needs witnesses to verify a ward, the late CIA Director William national security in the years ahead, we claim that while stationed at Wichita Falls, TX in Jan. 1956, he suffered hearing damage accident occurred on Casey was repeatedly frustrated by should aspire to nothing less. flight line. Contact CID 1149

Small Golf Firm 's New "S" Ball Takes Distance Title In Ohio Competition

Outhits 11 Top Pro-Line Balls making a golfer's skill the determining factor on distance. by up to 28 Yards The "S" ball disregards these self-imposed restrictions on distance. As one pro observed after playing 18 holes AKRON, O — It stands to reason that only one golf ball with it, "The thing is so hot it could drop scores into the can be the longest. But a half dozen of the top makers, 50 's. It not only takes off like the Concorde, it gives you a including TopFlite, Titleist and Pinnacle, have publicly steadier roll on long putts and grabs a green on an claimed the distance title. One company — MaxFli — approach shot like a dropped cat. Frankly, it's a hustler's actually calls its DDH "the longest ball in history." dream. A player could cut 10 strokes and his opponent Recently an independent testing organization, pulled wouldn't have a clue why." the rug from under those advertising claims. The company refers to the ball publicly only by its " " Using a mechanical hitting device (to be sure each ball code name, S . Only a buyer knows the name actually on got the same swing force), the Rubber Development the ball. Laboratories of Akron, Ohio compared eleven of "the To encourage golfers to try the ball (for fun or profit) the world's longest balls," plus a newcomer submitted by a company guarantees it will outhit any ball by at least 30 small golf company in Connecticut. The new ball outhit yards. If it doesn't, buyers can keep three "S" balls free, them all — Titleist, TopFlite, Pinnacle, Wilson, Hogan, and return the rest of their order for a full refund (less Dunlop and five others — by up to 28 yards. postage). Elated by their success, the winning company is now If you want to shoot a score that will terrify your seeking professional endorsements for their ball, and is competition, you can order the "S" ball direct. One dozen taking steps to expand their production. In the mean- cost $21.95 (plus $1.95 shipping) . . . two dozen cost $39 time, news of the new ball's distance title has people (Save $8) ... six dozen cost $99 (Save $42). Shipping is flocking into their executive offices. "We're thinking of free on orders of two or more dozen. Send a check (or cc getting a cash register for our receptionist," quipped the number and expiration date) to National Golf Center, company's president. (Dept. H-657 ), 500 S. Broad St., Meriden, CT 06450. Twenty-eight extra yards from a golf ball is extra- Specify white or Hi-Vision™ yellow. CT and NY add sales ordinary because major manufacturers (Titleist, Top- tax. No P.O. boxes please. All orders are handled on a first Flite, etc.) purposely restrict how far their balls can go, come, first-served basis. Or call (203) 238-2712.

MARCH 1988 63 SACRIFICE FACTORY DIRECT CLOCKS CIGAR SALE AND FURNITURE BIOTECHNOLOGY 1 MILLION Do-lt-Yourself Continuedfrom page 31 IMPORTED HANDMADES Kits or Assembled

A Cuban cigar maker Irom Spanish Hon- and Finished duras had to liquidate his stock of a million • Grandfather Clocks, quality handmade imported cigars for top Mantel and Wall Clocks cash. nationally • Cabinets, Instead ol the regular famous Chests, Tables, the atmosphere and the soil to fertilize brand packing in fancy boxes, he packed Chairs, Desks. ..and more! in of at way under half them bundles 25 • Solid 3/4" Black Walnut, themselves. price. These are not "seconds". They're all Cherry, or Oak first quality 100% imported tobacco, cream The Third World in particular will of the Cuban Seed crop Factory fresh, • Heirloom Quality benefit is but re not allowed to mention the famous from the research that now we • Sol id Brass West German brand. Movements and Dials being carried out. We hope ultimately to MONEY BACK GUARANTEE Smoke 10 cigars • Money Back Guarantee and if not delighted return the balance for produce seeds that will grow and produce

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64 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE a

eral regulatory process to the market- place. New agricultural products are 10% off for members! tested first in the greenhouse, then on less-than-10-acre plots to ensure that they do no harm to the soil, other plants or the environment in general. Europe on The U.S. system of approving new drugs is the most stringent in the world, so I think it is accurate to say that public superliner safety QE2 health and and the protection of the environment are utmost considera- tions in the development of new biotechnology products. From a commer- and supersonic cial point of view, we also need to make them safe so that people will use them and the products will succeed. Concorde, y 0. What's ahead in this field? A Let me handle that first from an economic point of view. Right now, biotechnology-related products are contributing $5 billion to $ 10 billion annually to our gross national product. By 2000 we expect that figure to rise to $25 billion to $30 billion annually; by

2025, it will be $50 billion to $60 billion. In addition to health-related benefits, an increased food supply and a cleaner environment, biotechnology will produce an enormous number of jobs and bring forth huge capital investment for the United States. is truly Tomorrow's Superliner We expect a steady stream of new From April through December, Today.® products and new applications for the sail superliner QE2 one way— fly Fares that combine a QE2 products that are already here and con- supersonic the other way, on a spe- crossing with a one-way, economy- stantly being refined. I mentioned cancer cially reserved British Airways class ticket on British Airways and heart disease, AIDS, diabetes, Concorde between London and between London and 57 North anemia and hemophilia as early targets. New York, Miami or Washington, American gateways begin at A vaccine against hepatitis B has been D.C.; from just $1,980, including $1,148. And remember, this price approved, and vaccines against malaria your members discount. reflects a special 10-percent also are possible. The first blockbuster You enjoy five glorious days member's discount! product, TPA, is now available. and nights to or from Europe on For reservations and informa- Having isolated the gene that's the one-and-only Queen Elizabeth tion call Mr. Les Kertes toll-free at responsible for causing Alzheimer's 2, transformed at the cost of 800-645-2120; in New York, disease is an all-important first step on phone collect: (516) 466-0335. the road to a cure. Unfortunately, I see Sailings with space Rates per person, double occupancy, dependent on no product coming that would make us specially reserved for you. availability, gateway and departure date; taxes young. We can't reverse the aging proc- TO EUROPE: FROM EUROPE: extra. Free BA economy ticket based on rates as of 11/1/87; Iength-of-stay restrictions apply. Cunard ess, but we can deal much more effec- April 29 May 11 reserves right to cancel Concorde or change rate tively with it. May 22 June 5 without notice. QE2 registered in Great Britain. June 12 June 20 Mr. Les Kertes. Hartford Holidays. Box 462. July 1 June 25 277 Northern Boulevard. Great Neck, TAPS NY 11022. $130 million. QE2 now boasts Rush me details on members' savings on the Taps Notices mention, whenever possible, those ultimate transatlantic travel combination— QE2 and Legionnaires who have held high national or department a Sports Center and outdoor Concorde. office in the Legion or the U.S. government, or who have Jacuzzi® Whirlpool Baths, lavishly attained other forms of national prominence. redone restaurants, a state-of-the- Eugene Marvin Hirsch.WY Department Adjutant (1972- ). art Matthew Watt Jamieson, National Vice Commander Grand Lounge and an interna- (1980-81), Ml Department Commander (1970-71), tional promenade of luxury bou- Department Vice Commander (1967-68). Rev. Fr. Robert George Keating, National Chaplain tiques. With all this and more— (1961-62). complete casino, a disco under the Richard Kito, AK Department Commander (1968-69), Department Vice Commander (1966-68). Magrodome and the celebrated AREA CODE. DAYTIME PHONE Sam S. Modica, MO Department Commander (1968-69), 'Golden Door Spa at Sea"®-QE2 Department Vice Commander (1966-67). 1988 CUNARD Lee Roy Patin Sr., LA Department Vice Commander

(1987- ). C. Leroy Shuping Jr., NC Department Commander (1952-53). {M} HARTFORD HOLIDAYS Lee H. Wall Jr., MS Department Commander (1981-82), Department Vice Commander (1979-80).

MARCH 1988 65 !

out further tax increases or cutbacks in YES YOU CAN entitlement programs? I don't think it THE ECONOMY could be unless we cut the defense pro- Continued page 19 from gram—which, in my judgment, we make $18.00 to $30.00 an hour! don't want to do. Given the balance of — work full time or part time, right at home. political forces in this country and the

— operate a CASH business where 90( of every need for the defense program, I would dollar is CASH PROFIT! deficit, and I would be prepared to raise say that we probably will have to have taxes [see related article, page 22] in more taxes. We'll send you a FREE Lifetime Security Fact Kit — yours to keep with no obligation order to reduce the deficit. — that gives you the details on being your Qa How harmful is the perennial own boss with a Foley-Belsaw Full-service deadlock between Congress and the Qa What do you think of the call for Saw and Tool Sharpening Shop. a balanced-budget amendment? Can White House over the federal budget? YES YOU CAN have independence and Is there any chance for a biennial make good money. But you have to WRITE we ever balance the budget without budget and a line-item presidential NOW to get your FREE Lifetime further tax increases or cuts in entitle- veto to prevent overloading the Security Fact Kit. ment programs? budget with special-interest items? Mail the I'm not in favor of a balanced- coupon below. A I think there is some hope for a budget amendment. I think it's A FREE biennial budget. Many people in LIFETIME hard enough to decide whether the Congress are interested in that, at least ^MMMJ/\*HPU:llir;" " SECURITY budget should be balanced now, and I FACT KIT as far as the defense program is con- Foley-Belsaw Co. wouldn't want to make a decision that Dept. 20652 6301 Equitable Rd., cerned. While this movement is not Kansas City, Mo. 64120 would bind people 50 or 100 years from very rapid. I think that as we get into the Foley-Belsaw Co. now. I think the question of whether to 6301 Equitable Rd., Dept. 20652 next administration and beyond, there Kansas City, Mo. 64120 balance the budget, whether to have a will open-mindedness, and we I be more YES, want to know more! Please rush my surplus or whether to have a deficit is a FREE Lifetime Security Fact Kit. may do something about it. decision that the people ought to make, The line-item veto is, of course, a just as they ought to decide how big the touchier subject, and I'm told that it defense budget should be or how much Address really doesn't make an awful lot of dif- we should spend for education. I don't ference. I would like to see the Presi- City State Zip see any good reason for incorporating dent's authority increased, because I these things into the Constitution. Area Code Phone think he can look at the budget as a Could the budget be balanced with- whole. I would like to see the President be given the authority to withhold or impound expenditures instead of spend- Jackie ing everything. M Q a Do you see danger in this great Intimate surge of foreign investment, which Music some people are calling the "selling" & His Orchestra For of America? Present Lovers A No, I don't see any danger, since a the transactions are voluntary. For Intimate Mood Music example, if a farmer in Iowa wants to For Lovers sell his land to a Japanese investor, that's perfectly OK. It's OK with the farmer,

My Funny Valentine In the early 1950s, Jackie Gleason recorded a startling and and it's OK with me. The Americans wonderful series of hit albums. Only recently unearthed from who are selling things to foreigners are Our Love Is Here To Stay the Capitol Records archives, these wonderful albums provide being paid. It isn't as if these foreigners Dancing In The Dark the kind of great listening entertainment you will want to hear again and again. Conducting an all-star studio orchestra, he are going to control the American econ- The Man I Love brings you a treasury of the world's most beautiful love songs. omy; they are not a cartel or a With lush string instrumentais, the comet of Bobby Hackett play- I've Got You Under My Skin monopoly. I suppose that American ing the exquisite melodies, and the full rich sound you expect from a big orchestra, you get the most memorable hits of this have been happy to have I'll Be Seeing You stockholders fabulous series. Two albums' worth of beautiful listening, it's foreigners buying stocks, thereby help- Darn That Dream a rare discovery not to be missed. We promise you'll enjoy this ing raise the prices of those securities. collection like none you've ever owned or your money back. Yesterdays Absolutely no questions asked.

Moonlight Becomes You Plus A FREE GIFT . . . yours for sending us your order within 30 days Qa What would happen if foreign investors in government securities I've Grown Accustomed To I The Good Music Record Co., Dept. GN-02-38 I 1 Her Face 1 352 Evelyn St., P.O. Box 909 suddenly lose confidence in the

I Paramus, NJ 07653-0909 I pull out? Just In Time United States and decide to ' please rush the JACKIE COLLEC- YES new GLEASON I think you have to maintain condi- Lover Back To Me I TION on your unconditional money-back guarantee. I Come A people have ' a tions which Record Album $9.98 under | DSend She's Funny That Way Send Cassette Tape $9.98 confidence in American securities. But j (Enclose $1.25 for mailing and handling per item.) I Say It Isn't So || it really makes no difference whether Name When Your Lover Has | foreigners own them or Americans own Address Gone | them. Suppose that all the Americans City | who own government securities lost Fascination | Zip_ I State confidence because of the national

66 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE debt, sold their securities, and wanted to hold dollars, German marks or Japanese yen. You'd have exactly the same problem. Interest rates would Don't rise, with an accompanying bad effect on the economy. Buy a Q- Can our banking system weather the crisis of Third World debts? How 9 safe are our domestic deposits in banks and in savings-and-loan associations? Tiller A Many big banks are making realistic adaptations — marking down the debts where necessary, taking their losses and trying to rebuild their capital. I don't think it's a great problem. A lot of S&Ls are weak, and a smaller number of banks are in similar shape, but the depositors are covered by feder- ally guaranteed insurance, by and large.

I think that stockholders in some institutions are going to lose money, but I guess they have known about the risk for some time. I don't think we're going to have any general financial crisis because of this.

Q- Do you see a return to something like the gold standard in an effort to stabilize currency exchanges? A That's not likely. We can get along pretty well without a gold standard. The ultimate responsibility for maintaining price-level stability break, we'll replace them). A Lifetime Replacement Agreement on the depends on the willingness of govern- engine. And, best of all, a Full-Month ments to discipline themselves, and it's Buy a Mantis! In-Your-Garden Trial (if you don't like it, very unlikely that the gold standard we'll take it back and give you a full would ever again substitute for this refund)! If your garden is an acre or more, you discipline. We can't go back. We have to may want to buy a big tiller. If it's any less, to use. Never again control ourselves by a rational process, you should buy a Mantis (and hire some- What a pleasure will we have to rent a tiller, work like not by attaching the dollar to gold. body to plow or till your garden once a time, year). crazy to get It back on need two people to put It Into and out of the car, threat of protec- Big tillers weigh almost 300 lbs. The Q. Is there a get all over and wind up with Mantis weighs just 20 lbs. (women and bounced tionism in our foreign trade? sore arms and headaches. older gardeners love it)! it's a real threat, and it and Patrick Eagen I think very Simply turning a 300-lb. tiller in a back- Rum A York would be a very bad thing if it yard garden without running over crops Hempstead, New happens. I'm somewhat hopeful that (or yourself) is a challenge. Mantis, on See for yourself! Order "The Mantis the other hand, starts with a flick of the to avoid the worst kinds we will be able Story," our exciting new video movie — wrist . . . turns on a dime . . . and weeds in of legislation in Congress and that we FREE! Specify VHS or Beta. Or, ask for and around plants, between narrow rows hysteria. our complete, free information packet. may escape this kind of and along fence lines. Call toll free, 800/344-4030 (in PA, Most big tillers were designed to just till 800/342-0052) — or mail coupon Q- Taking a long look down the (although many now offer clumsy "add- today! road, how do you view the future of on" attachments to try to justify their high America's economy? cost). The Mantis was designed from the beginning to precisely match a small, EARLY ORDER BONUS I'm very hopeful — indeed, confi- A powerful engine to a variety of useful Full-Month In-Your-Garden Trial dent — about the future of the attachments for your yard and garden. American economy. We have a strong Tiller. Cultivator. Furrower. Edger. Lawn Mantis Manufacturing Co. 1458 County Line Rd., Dept. 8021 system. It seems to resist the follies of Aerator. Lawn De-Thatcher. Hedge Trimmer. Huntingdon Valley, PA 19006 government policy-makers pretty well, Despite the fact that the Mantis is a and we have certain general commit- Please send more information on the Mantis tough, durable, precision instrument ... it Tiller/Cultivator . . . and your special FREE ments to a basically free system. I think costs a fraction of what you'll pay for a limited time offer! that is the source of our strength. We big tiller. have to keep our eyes open, but I don't Full-Month In-Your-Garden Trial! see any great crisis. The economy is the Name Finally, look at the warranty. Most area in which we are strongest; we can machines are partially covered for 90 Address. be most confident about it. If we have days to a year. The Mantis has a Life- City Zip trouble, it's probably not going to be in time Warranty on the tines (if they ever Stateate the economy.

MARCH 1988 67 . -

VETERANS ALERT Continuedfrom page 51 lieu Vmlabk fay-PuM

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68 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Whitten Jr., Box 792, Arkadelphia, AR 71923 (501) 246- 2223 Here's The Cap That Shows ... You Served With Pride! 3502 F/M Sq. (Reese AFB) (July-Lubbock, TX) Lon Gaut, Rt. 5, Box 288, Lubbock, TX 79408 (806) 762-6913 B-58 Hustler Assn. (June-Ft. Worth, TX) Ken Ryker, Box ARMED SERVICES CAPS 126158, Ft. Worth, TX 76126 (817) 249-2877 OCS Class 48A (Lackland AFB) (June-San Antonio, TX) Andy Hudak, 4331 Old Dominion Rd., Orlando, FL 32812 (305) 855-0499 Each One Has a Brilliant, Full-Color Patch WWII Night Fighters (May-Las Vegas, NV) A.E. Ander- For Your Branch of Service

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Coast Guard

Captain of the Port (Aberdeen, WA) (Aug-Hoquiam, WA) Charles Gregory, 821 Alder St., Hoquiam, WA 98550 (206) 532-2167 USCG Personnel (St. Augustine, FL-WWII) (Apr-St. Augustine, FL) Fred Barnett, 18 St. Augustine Blvd. #5, St. Augustine, FL 32084 USS Merrill DE 392 (Sept-Kansas City, MO) USS Merrill NOW AVAILABLE! Assn., Box 681, Enka, NC 28728 COAST GUARD RING fl(R F0RCE With a fine jeweled movement.

IT'S OFFICIAL! Now, you can get an ARMY, NAVY, Here is a pocket watch with a precision JEWELED MARINE, AIR FORCE or COAST GUARD RING, no MOVEMENT in an antiqued, heirloom case . . . yours matter how long it has been since you served! for only $1 .95. The Custom Crafted Goldtone Case Here's the ring you always wanted — so rugged Miscellaneous has a deeply sculptured, old-time hunting scene on . . . so manly and so finely detailed. Each one has the backplate. Engraved dial tells the time at a deeply sculpted official insignia and symbols for glance. Honest split-second accuracy and dependability that oarticular branch of service. Electroplated in that you can count on. Assn. of Aviation Ordnancemen (June-Reno, NV) GENUINE 18 KT GOLD ... not Ordinary plating but No. 5588—Hunting Scene Watch $10.95 Gerald Gannon, 1245 Cunningham Ave., St. Charles, certified HEAVY GOLD Electroplate that will last LIMITED EDITION MO 63301 (314) 946-0503 and last! Big, 3 CARAT Multi-faceted, Ruby-Red B^v 17 JEWEL FIELDMASTER NOW AVAILABLE Stone. It's the ring you can really wear with pride Korean War Vets Assn. (Aug-Grand Island, NE) Bill Only a few dollars more gets you a super-accurate, 17 because you served your country well. Available Reilley, 5320 Wilshire Blvd., Lincoln, NE 68504 (402) JEWEL MOVEMENT! A timepiece of keepsake quality in sizes 7-13. NOT AVAILABLE IN HALF SIZES 466-7783 and state of the art craftsmanship. A fine value avail- WHEN ORDERING: SEND SIZE OR A SLIP OF able in only very limited quantities. PAPER CUT TO YOUR SIZE — SPECIFY ARMY, No. 5588—Hunting Scene Watch $10.95 NAVY, MARINE, AIR FORCE OR COAST GUARD No. 5595—17 Jewel Field Master Watch $14.95 No. 5145—Gold-Tone Watch Chain $ 3.98 No. 5623 LIFE MEMBERSHIPS —Armed Services Ring $12.95 No. 5146—Deluxe Double Link Chain $ 4.98 Special: Two only $22.95 No. 5135—Genuine Leather Belt Holder $ 3.98 Life Membership notices are published for Legion- _ __ __ naires who have been awarded Life Memberships by their r 1 True To Life Coloring - Fascinating Action posts. Foster-Trent m Life Membership notices must be submitted on official Rd., Dept. - FLYING MALLARD WEATHERVANE 2345 Post 200 C , Larchmont, NY 10538 forms which may be obtained by sending a self-addressed, RUSH the items ordered below on 30 DAY TRIAL — stamped envelope to: Life Memberships. The American complete satisfaction GUARANTEED or my money Legion, P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206 back (except post. & hand.) my payment is enclosed including $1.95 for post. & hand, (sorry no C.O.D.). Bobby E. Fortes (1984), Diego B. Sabiniano (1986), Post 798, Stockton, CA QUAN. SIZE ITEM NO. DESCRIPTION PRICE Frank J. Polito (1987), Post 110, Port Charlotte, FL Vernon Shedek (1987), Post 473, Oxford Junction, IA William W. Collison (1987), Post 218, Sharptown, MD Frank J. Dellies (1987), Post 349, Little Lake, Mi Rev. F.R. Davidson (1987), Post 413, Grand Blanc, Ml Orville E. Nodsle (1987), Post 15. Detroit Lakes, MN Frank W. Smuda Jr. (1987), Post 555, Minneapolis, MN SHIPPING & HANDLING 1 95 Oswald Chadderdon, Leander Kerber (1987), Post N.Y. Residents Must Add Sales Tax 580, Chanhassen, MN David Herman (1987), Post 121, Little Falls, NJ Total Enclosed Arthur Isaacson, Heulings A. Sever Jr. (1986), Jim Thomas (1987), Post 129, Toms River, NJ His Wings For FASTER U.P.S. Delivery Use Street Address & Apt. # Robert J. Drum (1 987), Post 87, Dansville, NY Twirl With Every Breeze Print Name . Joseph Russo (1987), Post 118, Woodhaven, NY splash of color as wings twirl in realistic Francis C. Smith (1986), Post 101, Carlisle, PA A ... flying motion! The perfect landscape accent for Address Apt. #_ B.B. Bauer, Carl R. Hatcher, James F. Mussetter, your yard, lawn or garden . . . keeps pest away Henry L. Somerville Post (1986), 30, Paris, TX from vegetable patch and fruits too! Action duck City Alan Todd (1986), Frank Esposito, Roger T. Gaynor, measures about 16" long and is completely weather Charles Jackson, Harry Lindner, Martin J. Simms, Resistant. Comes complete with 18" high metal State _ Zip _ Harry E. Vetter (1987), Post 342, Freeport, NY support rod. Full color. Specially priced! Allow up to 3-5 weeks for delivery Harvey Hotalen Post No. 8136—Mallard $7.77 - TWO $12 THREE $17 (1987), 851, Dingmans Ferry, PA I

MARCH 1988 69 Classified

$ 10 .00 PER WORD WORD COUNT: Count street address and box numbers as two words; a c state an Z c °des as three words. rpj~. t-)C A f^U " 'ty' ^ 'P A l\.Jj//\L^rl DEADLINE: Advertising copy must be received 60 days before cover 7 000 000 date of desired issue (Example: For September issue — copy must be DFAHRDC received by July 1). rvC/\UJ3I\.0 PAYMENT: Must be received with order or charge to VISA or MC.

MAIL TO: Ms. Carey Hull. Classified Advertising Dept.. The American Legion Magazine, c/o Fox Associates, IMPROVE YOUR Inc., 1 16 W.Kinzie St., Chicago, IL 60610, (312) 644-3888. LOT IN LIFE. Remittance of $ is enclosed to cover insertions in the issue(s). EH Chargeto Exp. Date VISA MC 1)125 CONTEMPORARY HOME PLANS Sinking designs for the 80 s and beyond Dramatic high ceilings, interior balconies, terraces, atriums and

more. Single- thru quad-level 112 Pages. $3.95. 2 3 5 6 7

~ S 9 10 12 13 14

"~ 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

22 ~ 23 24 25 26 27 28

NAME PHONE. 2) 1 J5 ENGLISH TUDOR HOMES The timeless elegance of English Tudor High- COMPANY NAME. peaked roofs, half-timbers, leaded glass, brick and stone facades From 1,100 to 3,800 sq ft ADDRESS 104 Pages. $3 95 CITY/STATE/ZIR.

ARTS AND CRAFTS COLLECTIBLES

BATTERY CLOCK MOVEMENTS. Below-wholesale prices. U.S. MILITARY insignia. Large catalog. $2. S minders, Box

Best quality. Catalog. SI refundable. Clockworks. Box L 13, 3I33-AL. Naples, FL 33939-3133. Alius, 73522. OK HISTORICAL MILITARY ART and Collectibles. Free catalog. 5) 120 EARLY AMERICAN HOME PLANS Box 1806-AL, Lafayette, CA 94549. Classic American style with modern amenities Gambrels. Sail Boxes. Cape Cods, Farmhouses and AUTO other traditional designs Enioy country kitchens, FINANCIAL CARLISLE CALIFORNIA at San Diego Stadium, collector-car 1 gathering rooms, libraries and more, 12 Pages, 1 - flea market. March 25-27. 1. 000s of cars and parts for sale. DEBTS' BILLS ? BAD CREDIT ' No problem. We'll help now. $3.95. Information: The Flea Marketeers. 1000 Bryn Mawr Rd.. Applications accepted $5OO-$50.00O. Not a loan company. Carlisle, PA 17013-1588. Phone:(717)243-7855. Free application: TCAC. Dept. AL, 400 Century Park South

# 1 17. Birmingham. AL 35226, or call (2051 979-1400. BEEKEEPING & SUPPLIES FUND RAISING QUALITY BEEKEEPING SUPPLIES AND EQUIPMENT at wholesale prices. FREE catalog. BRUSHY MOUNTAIN BEE 534 NEW FUND-RAI$ING IDEA$. 192 pages. Just $5. 14333 FARM, Rt. 1, Box 135L. Moravian Falls. NC 28654. Albers St. #2, Van Nuys, CA91401.

GARDENING & RELATED PRODUCTS 4) 1 ib SPANISH & WESTERN HOME DESIGNS BOOKS AND MAGAZINES Casual homes for any climate or terrain Rambling PLANTS, supplies, brochure free. Peter "SHARPENERS REPORT" monthly newsletter. Sharpening CARNIVOROUS ranches. Spanish stuccos. Western country homes, Pauls Nursery. Canandaigua. NY 14424-8713. Guidebook. Angle Wall Chart. Free details. Skog Co.. Dept. even solar-oriented designs Finished beautifully with AL3, P.O. Box 22559. Minneapolis, MN 55422. STRAWBERRY AND ASPARAGUS PLANTS. Free brochure. private courtyards, decks and terraces 120 Pages, Krohne Farms, Rl. 6. Box 586A. Dowagiac, MI 49047. $3.95. BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES START A SUPER-profitable business from scratch. Free HEALTH PRODUCTS subscription to Opportunity Magazine tells how. Write Opportunity. Dept. 1,43. 6 N. Michigan. Chicago, IL 61)602. FREE HEARING-AID CATALOG. Save 1/2 by mail. Write: "MoneySavers," 9530AL-3 Langdon Ave.. Sepulveda. CA $100 WEEKLY mailinc circulars' Incredible offer! Send SASE 91343. to: JPG Enterprises. Box 262. Arlington. VA 22210. INTRODUCING new mailorder blockbusters' You'll make serious money. Free information. Blackmon. 660 Trailmore INVENTIONS Place. Roswel'l. GA 30076 INVENTORS! Confused? Need help? Call AIM for free 516 HOME STYLES $9.95! SPARE TIME CASH. SELL FAMOUS HANOVER SHOES. information kit. Toll-free 1-800-225-5800. Order all four books and save! Satisfaction Free sales kit. No experience needed. No age limit. Big LEARN HOWTO OFFER YOUR INVENTION for sale or commissions. Hanover Shoe. Dept. 3940. Hanover. PA 17331. Guaranteed! license. Free booklet outlines procedures, royalty rates, EXTRA INCOME. Nutrition for life business. Exciting health requirements. Kessler Sales Corp. . C-72. Fremont, OH 43420. and wealth builder. Send $5. Nelson, 5427 23rd. Lubbock, TX PATENT IT ECONOMICALLY! Free details. Licensed since ^ HOME PLANNERS, INC. 79407. 1958. Ranier Associates. 2008 Fondulac, Richmond, VA Depl BK, 23761 Research Drive, Farmington Hills. Ml 48024 23229. Please rush by return mail (check choice) IT ) I I BUY 1 1 WHOLESALE [""I 1 25 CONTEMPORARY 4) 36 SPANISH S 1 ' HOME PLANS $3 95 WESTERN HOME LOANS BY MAIL DESIGNS $3 95 WHOLESALE MERCHANDISE CATALOG . Hundreds of 12) 1 35 ENGLISH TUDOR j items! Closeout prices! . . . Catalog $1. Goodies, Box 370. , . . AMOUNT/purpose. '—'HOMES 95 I 5) ALL 4 BOOKS LOANS. FAST. CONFIDENTIAL. ANY S3 ) 0NLV S9 95! Save Henderson. NV 89015. ( S585 > Refused elsewhere? Try us!TRP. Box 245-SV, Binghamton, NY n 3) 1 20 EARLY AMERICAN HOME PLANS $3,95 VACUUM CLEANERS. "DISCOUNT PRICES." New Rain 13903. bow $499.95. Royal. Oreck. Name Kirby. Filter Queen, Panasonic. Details: ABC Vacuum Warehouse. 6720 Burnet-AL, Austin. TX MAILING LISTS 78757. MAILING LISTS: Fresh names every month. 95% deliverable. _Zip_ Clemens Enterprises. 3528 Esplendor, Irving. TX 75062. COINS In Canada mail lo; Amount Enclosed' NEW NAMES! Mixed states. Immediate shipment. Hotline HOME PLANNERS, INC. Add S 1 .00 tor Postage 1969 PROOF SETS for your collection or investment; sealed at opportunity seekers 500/$25: l,000/$40. Others. Advon. 20 Cedar St. N. Mich, residents add 4° 1-800-992- Kitchener. Ontario N2H2W8 mint. $10 postpaid. Poth Enterprises. P.O. Box 505. Dept. Drawer B 15. Shelley, ID 83274. Visa/MC/Amex. 14A, Long Valley, NJ 07853. 3866.

70 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE a .

MUSIC POEMS. SONGS WANTED. Free recording/publishing. Broadway Music Productions. Box 7438AL, Sarasota. FL Your Property 33578. OF INTERESTTO ALL TRAVEL/CRUISE worldwide free, escorting small tour P^of Unsightly Brush Piles! groups. Information/application packet; send $5. Suntour Travel. 2019 Augusta #5. Pensacola. FL 32507. ...with the Amazing TROY BILT® ASSEMBLE electronic parts We supply components and instructions. No experience, no selling, guaranteed payment. Turn a mess like this... TOMAHAWK® Chipper/Shredder! Write: South Tech Electronics. Box 28217L. Kenneth City, FL FT 33709. • It's a powerful Chipper...handles big as seen on national TV news. Small, light, 3 STUN GUN — branches up to ' in diameter with ease! battery-powered unit immobilizes would-be assailants without injury using high-voltage, low-amperage electrical current. • It's an efficient Shredder...turns almost 100% legal in 44 states. $77 postpaid. Free details. SOLTECH®, any organic matter into perfect mulch 24 Solomon Building. Kansas City. KS 661 17. (800) 553-8901. and compost instantly! l-800-USA-FLAG. Call toll-free for all flags/all sizes; residential flagpoles. • Revolutionary New Compact Design. .7

INDIAN ARROWHEADS 49 cents plus stamp each . Copelands ways better than bulky "old-style" Westco. 10251 Combie-6. Auburn, CA 95603. chipper/ shredders! PERSONALS • Professional Quality...designed, sized into beautiful FREE mulch and priced for the homeowner! NICE SINGLES with Christian values. Free details. Write your age. interests. Dept. ALM. P.O. Box 454. Crossville, TN in less than one hour! • 3 Model Sizes...! ui small suburban lots 38557. or big country properties! DRINK AGAIN; test-proven method available. Send $10 for Service. Wing. 55066. instructions. L&N Box 237. Red MN Also available in Canada ASIAN WOMEN! Sunshine International Correspondence, MAKERS OF Dept. HK, Box 260, North Hollywood, CA 91603. FROM THE Send for FREE BEAUTIFUL LADIES SEEK friendship and marriage. TROYBILT. Mexican. Oriental, American. European. Photos, information details today! Roto Tillers - free. Latins, Box 1716-AL, Chula Vista, CA 92012.

POULTRY Co., Dept. A757 Garden Way Mfg. 3 ,3 TOP-QUALITY POULTRY. Send 50 cents for colorful picture I 102nd St. & 9th Ave., Troy, NY 12180 catalog showing wide variety. Clinton Hatchery. Box 548-AL. Clinton. MO 64735. I YESI I want to know more about the amazing TROY- Chipper/Shredder! Please BABY DUCKS, geese, turkeys, chicks, bantams, guineas and | BILT® TOMAHAWK® send complete details including prices, models pheasants. Color catalog $1 (refundable). Heart of Missouri J me Hatchery. Box 954ML. Columbia. MO 65205. I and SPECIAL SAVINGS OFFER right away! FREE POULTRY CATALOG IN COLOR. 100 varieties. Murray McMurray Hatchery. B36, Webster City. IA 50595. Name RECIPES Address 1887 GRANDMA'S RECIPES. 30; $5. SASE. Everitt. Dept. City L. P.O. Box 663. City. 80037. Commerce CO « 1988 Garden Way Inc., 102nd & 9th Ave., Troy. NY 12180 State .Zip. SPORTING GOODS

FREE visor with purchase of dozen orange Wilson golf balls, $12.99. Credit cards, checks, C.O.D. Grand Sports, 1816 Grand, Waukegan, IL 60085. 1-312-623-7403. No collect calls. STAMPS 1,000 STAMPS $2.95. Guaranteed worth over $30 at standard DON'T NEED catalog prices! if not Approvals. YOU Money back delighted. KenmoreOT-067, Milford, NH 03055. YOURS FREE! 20 DIFFERENT UNITED STATES OVER 50 YEARS OLD, FREE! Also receive better U.S. stamps on CASTRO'S PERMISSION approval. Pay only for what you keep; return balance. No obligation. Collectors Choice. Dept. L2. Box 708, Lewiston, NY 14092-0708. TO SMOKE CUBAN-SEED HANDMADE CIGARS! TRAVEL/RECREATION HANDMADESFORTHE MAN SENIORS: Tour Mt. McKinley, Matanuska Valley. Anchorage from our Alaskan homestead. Mortons, P.O.B. 29. Willow. AK WHO THOUGHT HE COULDN'T AFFORD THEM!

NORTHERN MINNESOTA RESORT FOR VETERANS. I'll send them to you from Tampa, the fine

(Disabled or 65 and older. ) Bring family/friends. Free brochure: cigar capital of the world. Sample the

Disabled Veterans Wilderness Retreat. St. Rt. 1, Box 3420, Ely, cigars in my new Silver Medallion MN 55731. US: 1-800-522-9653, ext. 36. MN: 1-800-422- Sampler and enjoy a wonderful new 9653, ext. 36. smoking sensation. I'll include a generous sampling of Honduras handmades WANTED plus a nice selection of vintage-leaf, long-filler and cut filler cigars, all per- OLD PAINTINGS WANTED. Mrs. Armbruster will pay fectly blended for mildness and flavor. highest prices for old American and European paintings. 1316 These superb smokes are made with expertly blended Cuban- West Fargo Ave. Chicago. 743-7644. #510, IL 60626. (312) seed- leaf tobaccos grown and cured the old Cuban way in Honduras

AUTOMOBILE LITERATURE WANTED: 1900-1970. I buy from seed smuggled out of Cuba. They're mild, flavorful and extremely satisfying automobile sales brochures, manuals, etc. Walter Miller, 6710 to the cigar smoker who's looking for something new, something better, something Brooklawn Pkwy. Syracuse, NY 13211. exceptionally tasty. Experts can't fell them from Havana. You won't be able to either, when you try them. Natural wrapper. If you're ready for a luxuriously enjoyable smoking experience, try them now WEARING APPAREL To order, fill in mail ( and coupon to 1 VETERANS' BELTBUCKLES. Great selection. All branches/ MY OFFER TO 8 all wars. Wear them with pride! Write now for free catalog. CIGAR LOVERS THOMPSON CIGAR CO. Waycross . Buckles, 5063 Monaco Dr. Pleasanton , CA 94566. 5401 Hanger Ct., Dept. B751, Box 30303, Tampa, FL 33630 I'll send you postpaid a selection O.K., TOM! Ship me the Silver Medallion Sampler under your money- of 42 factory-fresh cigars — back guarantee for only $10.90. special selection of Honduras Check for $10.90 enclosed (Fla. residents sales handmades, vintage-leaf long- add 5% fax) Charge $10.90 to my VISA American Express filler and cut filler If smokes. MasterCard Diners Club these cigars aren't all you expected, return the unsmoked

ones by United Parcel or Parcel Credit Card No (Print all digits) EXP DAI

Post within 30 days and I'll refund your money. No ques- United Way tions asked. Your delivered cost is only $10.90 for 42 factory- fresh, Cuban-seed-leaf cigars.

It brings out the best offer good in u.s. only CREDIT CARD USERS TOLL-FREE 1-800-237-2559 SPEED DELIVERY BY CALLING in all of us. IN FLORIDA, CALL 1- 800-282-0646

MARCH 1988 71 ) .

The legion shopper

"Wind Direction At A Glance" SAVE YOUR WEATHER VANES add finishing touch to your home, garage, farm or ranch! HEART WITH Ornamental as well as useful. Wind direction at a glance. Balanced arrow on STAIR-GLIDE friction free bearing responds to slightest breeze! Made of rust-free aluminum STAIRWAY with baked vinyl coating. Mounting hardware included. Arrow 23" long. LIFT Support 27" high. Great gifts!

No. WVR-27 Crowing Rooster or No. WVH-25 Galloping Reg. $19.95 — NOW Stairs need not be a problem any longer. With a STAIR- for limited time, ONLY $1 6.95 + $3 shpg. GLIDE stairway lift just press a Send check, MO, MC, Visa—20 day money back guarantee switch and glide up and down FREE 32 pg Color CATALOG regular mail (No Charge or post the stairs in complete comfort. Rush FREE 32 pg Color CATALOG first class mail. Enclosed Saves changing your house is $1 tor post. & spec, hdlg., refundable with first order £>4 around or moving. Custom made . Dept. ALV-388,, 1118 W. Lake, P.O. Box 370 to fit curved or straight stairs. No uni T , HULol, Hie. Tawas City, Mich. 48764 special wiring required . . . easily

installed. For free details fill inthe coupon below and mail to us.

A Japanese Dream Name -

Address Onty 50 $ City

State Zip.

Telephone AMERICAN STAIR-GLIDE CORPORATION THE FIRST REALLY ADVANCE IN NOW! NEW 4001 E 138TH ST , GRANDVIEW, MO 64030 BEDS... The incredible ElectropediC' Bed... Dept * AL-0388 (816)763-3100 | sleep easier in unbelievable comfort. The bed you're sleeping in has a lot to do with the way you feel. The ElectropediC Bed is so comfortable and relaxing, you'll Pearl Harbor was only the beginning! wonder why you waited so long to pamper yourself Recom- mended for hiatal hernia, circulatory, back, breathing and Thinking they might rule the U.S., heart problems Designed to bring you the ultimate in com- Japan printed invasion currency from fort by electrically ad|usting your back and your legs to ex- 1942-44. Order these 5 handsome almost any position you desire, making the one-third of your Troubled With Getting amples of their wildest dream, including life you spend in bed, more luxurious. Select a size for your Up Nights • Pains In the $10.00 Malaya note issued for possi- personal use and take a health break Twin $949 (Reg. Back, Legs, ble use in the US for Only 50C! You'll $1299), Full $1099 (Reg $1599), Queen $1299 (Reg, $1899) also receive other fine Bank Notes on Dual Queen or Dual King $1898 (Reg, $2598), Order direct Nervousness, Tiredness approval. Buy what you like. Return from the ElectropediC Factory Call toll free

It symptoms, your troubles may the Balance - Order Today. 1-800-551-2010 or 1-800-237-7534. Since 1964 Money back you are disturbed by these Jamestown Stamp Co., Inc. guarantee. be caused by glandular inflammation of your prostate Although many people mistakenly think surgery is the only answer lor Dep t. 5B38AL - Jamestown, NY 14701-0019 this there is Non-Surgical time-tested treatment Member ASOA, APS problem, a available.

The Excelsior Institute Clinic, devoted to the Hon-Suroletl TV methods ot treatment tor diseases peculiar to older men, has a new FREE BOOK that tells how these troubles may be cor- Magnifying Reading Glasses WALL rected The HonSurvital treatments described in this book require no surgery, hospitalization or long periods ot con- valescence Treatments take but a short time and the cost is SHELF reasonable Only Write today. This book may prove of utmost importance to you No obligation. $14.25 Excelsior institute Clinic Send for your FREE Catalog today. Our 110 E. Broadway, Dept. 104E Excelsior Springs, Mo. 64024 16-page catalog features 40 styles of Plus plus many magnifiers priced from $9.98, * other helpful vision aids and useful pro- $3 Shpg. ducts, such as our new magnified No space for TV? Mount this space-saver on sunglasses and fisherman glasses. the wall, like hotels do. Attach it right where MARTIN'S FLAGS NAME you want it for comfortable viewing from bed, - SIZES sofa or in kitchen. Strong, sturdy black metal ALL KINDS ALL ADDRESS PROMPT SHIPMENT hold portable TV up to 16" deep. It swiv- arms Ask for our colorful catalog for els for easy viewing too! Check, MC or VISA. CITY STATE ZIP Write or Call NJ res. +6% tax. 800-992-FLAG (U.S.) PRECISION OPTICAL Dept 34C 800-248-FLAG (Iowa) SPECIAL: Two for $28 plus $5.95 shpg. Lincoln & 6th St., Rochelte, IL 61068 MARTIN'S FLAG CO., FORT DODGE, IOWA 50501-1118 ESSEX HOUSE Dept. A3-8, Rahway, NJ 07065

AWARD CASES SEND FOR FREE INFORMATION ALSO MEDALS & RIBBONS Replica Solid hardwood, gunstock walnut fin- models . HISTORIC ish. Full 1" between glass and black, Doctor Guaranteed NON-FIRING MODEL GUNS ... blue or red velvety mounting board. 4"- | Safe! Full size. Zinc alloy. Realistic. 0"-$23.45, 1 1"x1 5"x7"-$1 8.45, 8"x1 Over 30 parts. Cannot be made to fire I US M1911 $28.45, 14"x20"-$39.95. FREE Ship- I real ammo. Comes assembled. Quality. Cure for Psoriasis .45 AUTO. ping by UPS. | COLLECTOR'S ARMOURY R. ANDREW FULLER COMPANY 1800 Slaters Lane PSORIASIS CLINIC DEPT. AL38 Box 1061 Dept. AL free Lcngui:8.5 Box 2071 L, Pawtucket, Rl 02861 IL 61764 I Alexandria. Va. 22313 Catalog Weight 41 RTE.1 PONTIAC, I Write for FREE Catalog)

72 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE a

The legion shopper

SECURITY HANDGUN CASE

. . .the answer for handgun owners who demand security for their guns yet want immediate access in case of emergency.

Eyeglasses From SLIPPING Child-proof and theft-resistant. Opens in under 5 seconds by pushing With EAR-LOKS raised lock buttons in the sequence you have preset. Only you know the correct sequence. Almost indestructible, 16 ga. steel, welded case; foam lined inside; large 12V4" x 8" x 2 5/e" size to accommodate

' Gives snug fit almost any handgun but easily fits into drawer. Endorsed • Invisible by experienced police officers. Can be mounted. > Soft Non-toxic to skin 30 Day Money-Back Guarantee One Year Limited Warranty

SECURITY HANDGUN CASE $79.95

/ Shipping Cost . . . . . $3.50 Please Call To Order 1-800-845-2307 tn residents add 7%% sales Tax

END ANNOYING SLIPPING -NOW! METAL PRODUCTS COMPANY • 300 Garfield Street • McMinnville, TN 37110 • Customer Service 615-473-5513 EAR-LOKS keep eyeglasses securely in place, not sliding down your nose. S-t-r-e-t-c-h-e-s easily over ends of earpieces. One size fits all standard frames. ROYAL HOUSE, 137 Walsh Avenue 8ox 4305 • New Windsor. NY 12550 YOUR NO R1SK MONEY BACK GUARANTEE Your EAR-LOKS must be exactly as described Yon must get insiant relief, or simply return Ihem to our Customer Service Manager within thirty days tor an immediate relund or replacement your choice STOP UGLY PROSTATE and noqueslions asked MISERIES? HOYAL HOUSE, Dept. REL2922" 137 Walsh Avenue NAIL FUNGUS Box 4305 • New Windsor, New York 12550 Try PROSTAZINC® or Please send me one pair ol EAR-LOKS for $1 00 ppd NAILtm stops the em- I SAVE! Order 5 prs. for jusl $3 00 ppd HEALTHY PROSTAZINC® FORTE I SAVE MORE! Order 12 prs. lor just $5 00 ppd barassment, pain, odor of unsightly Available at your local Hearth Food Store I BEST SAVINGS! Keep a big supply on hand or sell them lor a profit fungus on toe and If your retailer Is "out of stock", please order by mall. | Order 30 prs for $10 00 ppd. finger nails. Built-in NY residents add sales tax Enclosed is (Sorry. No j $ COD.' PROSTAZINC® Print Name brush makes it easy to | (75 Tablets Per Bottle) apply twice daily. 1 oz. bottle good for full 1 Bottle $9.50 treatment. Satisfaction guaranteed or EXTRA STRENGTH your money back. Send check or money PROSTAZINC® FORTE for today. order $9.80 Tablets Per Bottle) --——Clip and Mail-™———»—< (50 1 Bottle $10.50 {Atlantic Drugs. Dept. 12 C 10 Send check or money order for total amount, ! 8778 S.W. 8th St. plus $1.00 shipping & handling. (Foreign Orders: Send $250 Shipping & Handling. j Miami, Florida 33174 SCARCE Foreign Currency Must Equate US. Funds.) i BIO-VIM, INC. INDIAN | Name Medical Nutritional Products CENTS Address P. O. Box 7369, Naples, FL 33941 It Is advisable to seek a doctor's opinion City 95 I . for prostate problems. $9 Postpaid State. Ten different Indian Head Cents DATES OUR CHOICE NEWARMED FORCES CATALOG SATISFACTION GUARANTEED QHAKTEBMASTEB TIPSICO COIN CO HERNIA APPLIANCES FOR COMFORT! 2141 A Broadway, North Bend, OR 97459 When you slip into a gen- iiss— gues?*—san 4f * ^ uine BROOKS Appliance I you can enjoy heavenlyl

comfort night and day at I work or at play! Thirteen million sold, since 1880. You buy direct from the men's wide shoes factory - never sold in stores - beware of imitations. EEEEEEEE, SIZES 5-13 Only the highest quality materials and workman- • MEDALS • PATCHES • BADGES • ship. (Especially for older people who wish to avoid • Extra width for men who need it • RIBBONS • UNIFORMS • INSIGNIA unnecessary operations for reducible rupture). Send Excellent variety, styling • DISPLAY BOXES • FLIGHT JACKETS for our FREE illustrated booklet with no obligation. and quality. Send for SEND $3.00 FOR FREE CATALOG. BROOKS APPLIANCE COMPANY (Medicare FULL COLOR CATALOG TO: THE WIDEST 960 State St., Marshall, MI 49068 Pays 80%) SELECTION OF THE WIDEST SHOES THE QUARTERMASTER ANYWHERE! DEPT. AL, 750 LONG BEACH BLVD. HITCHCOCK SHOES, INC. LONG BEACH, CA 90813 Dept. 5C , Hingham. MA 02043

Buy FACTORY DIRECT

Once in a lifetime offer by purchasing now! MINI-BEEP® the battery oper- TABLE PADS ated scooter that puts more fun SAVE 70% into life. ..use at home, go shop- S200 )$29.95Reg. $99.95 ping, visit friends, travel! It's S10.000 lightweight and fits car trunks. Any Normal Size 800-435-5119 CASH 5 year factory guarantee Full 30 Day No-Risk Guarantee TOLL FREE PAID FACTORY DIRECT TABLE PAD CO. Japanese Military Decorations and Oriental Porcelain C. F. STRUCK CORP. Toll Free 1(800) 428-4567 Also Wanted. Dept: AM38S Indiana 1(800) 433-3618 David E J Pepin— Member nbthk Tokyo Japan Cedarburg, Wl. 53012 . Look under table and tell us any numbers that may appear _Dej5^M P O_BoxJ 54j^raj^^ ; i i i

MARCH 1988 73 Q

The legion shopper

U.S. MILITARY CAPS These are the same baseball caps sold aboard U.S. Navy warships They are We'll help you navy blue with service gold embroidery - not a patch or silkscreen These caps are full (not mesh back), adjustable (one size fits all) and made in USA. 25 FREE up and down stairs for as little as pairs of $2 a day*

Straight or Wright Arch curved stairways Smooth, com- Preserver fortable, easy- to-use BATTLESHIPS: IOWA, NEW JERSEY, MISSOURI, WISCONSIN, NEW YORK, Purchase or low TEXAS. ARIZONA. CALIFORNIA, WEST VIRGINIA, MASSACHUSETTS. Shoes. rental rate AIRCRAFT CARRIERS: MIDWAY, CORAL SEA, F0RRESTAL, SARATOGA. RANGER, INDEPENDENCE, KITTY HAWK, CONSTELLATION, ENTERPRISE. Yes! A FREE pair Over 50 years in AMERICA, JOHN F. KENNEDY, NIMrrz, EISENHOWER, CARL VINSON, ROOSEVELT. public and pri- of America's fin- RETIRED: This cap Is available tor U.S. NAVY, U.S. MARINES, U.S. COAST vate sectors GUARD, U.S. ARMY and U.S. AIR FORCE. est shoes ARMY, GUN. men's Wheelchair lifts SPECIALTY: NAVY, USMC. USCG, USAF, TOP EMBLEM: This cap is embroidered In sliver and gold metallic thread and will be given to 25 and porch available tor U.S. NAVY (Officer), U.S. NAVY (C.P.O.), U.S. NAVY (Wings), people who answer lifts too U.S. MARINES. U.S. COASTGUARD. U.S. ARMY and U.S. AIR FORCE. CUSTOM: Any other ship not listed above or any military unit Is available this ad by May 31. FOR FREE BROCHURE. WRITE OR CALL: as a custom cap. The minimum quantity for a custom cap Is two per ship or We will draw 25 names from those unit (both with eggs or both without eggs). Custom caps must be ordered In even numbers. The top line is twenty spaces maximum and the bottom line is who send for our FREE catalog. Each 1-800-782-1222 twelve spaces maximum. EMBLEMS ARE NOT AVAILABLE ON CUSTOM CAPS.

will choose any pair of WRIGHT ARCH IN Wl 1-800-552-7711 Caps are $12.00 each or $14.00 with scrambled eggs on visor. Add $2.50 for PRESERVER SHOES in our catalog! The freedom of movement™ shipping. CA residents add 6%. allow eight weeks for delivery. No CCDs HAMPTON COMPANY, Dept T, P.O. Box 3643, Tustin. CA 92681. Mail this coupon for FREE catalog chance to win these CHENEY and YOUR The Cheney Company famous shoes. Dept LE. P.O. Box 188. New Berlin. WI 53151 ~1 'Based on typical installation at mtrs. suggested MAIL THIS COUPON TODAY! price amortized over five years. Dept. Box E retail FARM Executive Shoes, 218, HOMELITE PUMPS Rockland, MA 02370 Model JL420 Enter me in the Free drawing, and send Free catalog of Wright Arch Preserver Shoes. 4 HP Brlggs Eng. 2" 2" Inlet and Outlet (PLEASE PRINT) BE 155 Per Min. ALMOST Gal. New 88 Models

TALLER!! 1 Year Warranty City Slate Zip LIST PRICE $359.95 SIZES: 5-11 Have you ever worn Wright Shoes? yes no WIDTHS: B-EEE YOUR TOTAL COST $189.00 FINE MEN'S IDEAL FOR PUMPING WATER, SALT WATER, SHOES FARM CHEMICALS, OR PULLING SPRINKLERS FREE SHIPPING IN U S A Look just like ordinary shoes except hidden inside is a height increasing innermold. Wide selection Send Check, Money Order or Phone VISA or MASTERCARD available including dress shoes, boots, sport shoes and casuals. Moneyback guarantee. Exceptionally JERRY B. LEACH CO. comfortable, ( all or write today for your FREE P.O. BOX 71 • 802 MARKET ST. color catalog. "MO. RF.SID. CALL 301-463-5111" CHERAW, S.C. 29520 TOLL-FREE 1-800-343-3810 IN S.C. (803) 537-2141 ELEVATORS® TOLL FREE 800-845-9005 Rl( HLEE SHOE COMPANY, DEPT. AL83 P.O. BOX .1566, FREDERICK, MD 21701 PAST COMMANDER INTAGLIO PRECIUM RING in a new high-lustre alloy of gold, silver and palladium which makes the new look in American Legion rings. Past Commander is only office available. Order No. 74182 at $231.50 p!us $5 shipping and handling. Give ring size. Mail check and order to National Emblem Sales, The American Legion, Dept. ATTENTION VETERANS M38.RO. Box 1050. Indianapolis, IN 46206. FLAGS, BANNERS AND FAMILY MEMBERS DECORATIONS Would you be interested in obtaining the history of the transported on. We Ready made • Made to order U.S. Navy ship you served or was have these histories for all named ships and LSTs. This

At Below Wholesale Prices includes all commissioned Naval Vessels, up until Viet- For FREE Catalog nam. These histories are typed on fine parchment paper, and suitable for framing. We have a find a shipmate list, What Is He Doing? Call 1-919/732-6200 get on it now, as thousands have done. Send $5.00 per carroT-TOP inDusiries mo ship history, $1.50 P & H per order Free with each order a report of Naval Ships sunk in W.W.II. P.O. Box 820 • Hillsborough, NC 27278 Seaweeds Ship History • He's making a concrete flower P0 Box 92 Sistersville. W.Va. 26175

pot . and so can YOU!

Make and sell your own ornamental concrete items. Order your book with over TABLE PADS U.S. MEDALS & RIBBONS SIZE MINIATURE) 425 aluminum molds, prices (FULL AND 16 PAGE PICTURE CATALOG and production trade secrets SENT 1ST CLASS MAIL Si 00 SHOULDER PATCHES WINGS BADGES. ETC from world's largest mold 50 INSIGNIA. IDENTIFICATION BOOKS S700 table mate 48 PAGE CATALOG manufacturer. Only Slie custom table pads SENT 1ST CLASS MAIL S2 00 BOTH CATALOGS S2 50 1-800-922-PADS OUINCY SALE CONCRETE MACHINERY CO., INC. PO BOX 70O1I3-AL3 we'll design, build, and ship your PAD in just 10 days TULSA. OKLA 74170 BRONZE STAR P.O. Box M-99 Hickory, NIC 28603

MAGAZINE 74 AMERICAN LEGION The legion shopper

SAVE 25 - 85%

Save 25-85% on over 2000 products. Save on log splitter pumps, generators, home and car alarms, pressure washers, survey- Veterans of Korea ing and more. Great for do-it-yourseliers. and Vietnam Order our FREE 100 page catalog today.

At last we have designed two emblems especially for veterans of both Korea and Vietnam. Our Vi" Lapel Pins and 3te" Portable Auto Decais pay a fitting and lasting tribute to all veterans who Pressure served during these two controversial wars. All rights on the design and manufacture of both the U.S. Veteran Korean War and Washer the U.S. Veteran Vietnam War are owned exclusively by, and available only through our company. Knapp Also available is our modified version of the WW II Veterans Lapel Pin with Auto Decais. TAKETHE CEILING OFF YOUR INCOME! All Lapel Pins are priced at $6.00 each which includes ITEM 2-998 postage, handling, and a matching 3v?" Auto Decal. Become a KNAPP SHOE Representative in your com- Order now and be the first In your Post or community to $388.50 munity and earn Cash-In-Advance Commissions on wear and display one of these beautiful Lapel Pins and Auto Am* JM every order you send to us. There's No Investment, Decais. • For tough cleaning jobs. Wash cars, trucks, clean No Inventory, No Obligation. Send for your Free Send Orders to: W & S Veterans Supply Co. P. O. Box 304 Dept. AL-3 IV2 Selling Kit & Catalog today! Send coupon to: bams or equipment. HP motor. 1000 PSI New Concord, Ohio 43762 cWminq force. Adjustable nozzle. 25 ft. hose. Soap Thomas McCaffrey, KNAPP SHOES, One Knapp Centre We also have in stock military coat of arms Lapel Pins for Dept. 5941, Brockton, MA 02401 the US Army, US Navy, USAF, USMC, and USCG plus numerous injection. Runs on 110 VAC. Shpg. 70 lbs. division pins of units that served In Korea and Vietnam. These pins are priced at $5.00 each which includes postage and handling. Workshop Motor Address City Zip ITEM 10-1109 $69.95 95 MAN'S WIG$12 • Brand new CENTURY. Ideal for woodwork , ing equipment, power tools, air 5 Wheat Pennies Stretch Wig Completely Covers compressors All Your Hair pressure washers, etc. Open drip-proof design 115 VAC, 1 HP, 3450 RPM, 17.6 amp, 1 phase 5 " 60 cycles, CCW, cont. duty, Shaft /B diam 7 3 x l /a" w/keyway, size 9 /*" x SVi" x 9". CALL 800-228-3407 Burden's Surplus Center 1015 West X)" • P.O. Box 82209-AL Lincoln, NE 68501-2209 Style K-16 \ Style M-776 LAST OF THE WHEAT PENNIES. (1909 to ^ Ask For Free Catalog! Stays in place on all size heads — easy to put on Thinned 1958). free price list of U.S. coins and and razor cut — handsome tapered look and full sidebu/ns some coins to examine for purchase. Cool and lightweight. Made of modacrylic fiber — looks No obligation to buy. limit 1 set. and feels like real hair — has luster, rich body and bounce of human hair Can be washed and shampooed — never ADULTS only . Satisfaction guaranteed. loses its shape — can be combed, trimmed and restyled if you wish Mention style number and color desired Black. village Coin Shop, inc., Dept. a Off Black, Chestnut, Dark, Medium or Light Brown. Dark LEGIONNAIRES Blonde, Grey and Black mixed. Grey and Brown mixed PlaiStOW, NH 03865 Send $12 95 plus $1 95 for shipping and handling Money SURVIVAL back guarantee if not satisfied. FRANKLIN FASHIONS, Dept. M-184A BOOT 103 E. Hawthorne Ave., Valley Stream, NY 11580 KNIFE Please Mention ONLY The American Legion S 1295 Magazine When NO NEED TO WEAR A TRUSS Add $1.05 Hndl That Binds, Cuts, Gouges, Slips Responding To Model If wear a Truss for Rupture, a you K-99-A Our Advertisers. postcard with name and address will get you FREE the complete Rice Plan Double edge 440 stainless of Reducible Rupture Control. Used steel blade. FuH tang one piece construction. Leather nev- daily by thousands who say they sheath with quick release AUSTRALIAN TEA TREE OIL er dreamed possible such comfortable snap and metal boot/belt THE rupture protection. Safely blocks the clip. Money Back Guaranteed rupture opening without need for II Not Fully Satisfied!' FUNGUS bulky trusses, gouging pad pressure. WESTBURY SALES CO., Dept. BK-3-AL 156 Post Ave., Westbury, New York 11590 FIGHTER Regardless how Jong ruptured, send postcard today to W. S. Rice, Inc., A NEW Antiseptic/Fungicide that kills germs on contact!! Adams, N.Y. 13605. Dept. 8p Tea Tree Oil attacks most stubborn fungi and is effective

against athlete's foot, jungle rot, jock itch, tinea, and nail

fungus. Non-irritating. Tea Tree Oil is also used on cuts, wounds, insect bites, and minor burns and scalds. TOP SECRET AUSTRALIAN TEA TREE OIL is naturally grown and distilled NOW YOU CAN ENJOY A The Story of the Invasion of Japan from the leaves of a Melaleuca tree. Used by Australians for THE CODE NAMES THE DATES BREAKTHROUGH IN FOOT COMFORT THE BEACHES THE UNITS years, this 100% pure natural "Tea Tree Oil" now comes in The Air-Flo Insole inflates with air as you lift a 1-ounce bottle for $16.95 (Washington State residents add your foot and gradually releases the air as you Devastating Reading 7.8% sales tax). KNOCK OUT those annoying skin problems step down for unbelievable softness and com- • BOOKLET IN KEEPSAKE and SAVE on high medical costs. ORDER NOW by sending fort. For immediate shipment send your shoe A FORM S6.00 PPd size/sex and $6.95 per pair plus $1.00 ship- check or money order for $16.95 to: ping to: Money back guarantee WHO WOULD HAVE CONE TEA TREE OIL, INC. FULL AND WHO WOULD HAVE DIED Air-Flo Marketing Corp. Dept. AL. P.O. Box 18508 MONEY-BACK 1908 W Innes.Box 951 •Salisbury, NC 28144 RANGER PUBLICATIONS • BOX 1355 0EPT A • OMAHA, NE 68101 Spokane. Washington 99208 GUARANTEE Cuh. Check, Viu, MiEierCnd and Am. Exp. accepted

MARCH 1988 75 "

Parting shots

Radio Daze Bending over to change stations on mmum the car radio, the man told his wife, "I believe I'm getting lumbago." "Well, change the station," his wife said. "You won't be able to understand a word they say." —Fran Newman

Good Idea Professor: "What is your idea of civilization?" Student: "It's a good idea. Somebody ought to try it." —Howard A. Wise

Firing Back While making a speech during his campaign for Congress, the late Boston like to Mr. Mrs. Dunn. They're putting you through medical "Son, I'd you meet and political boss James M. Curley was school. heckled by a man in the audience. "I wouldn't vote for you if you were Urn Specimen Fore Score St. Peter himself," the heckler shouted. "If I were St. Peter," Curley retorted, One rainy Saturday afternoon, when In prehistoric times, cavemen had a "You wouldn't be in my district." the museum was especially crowded, a custom of beating the ground with clubs — Thomas La Mance guard heard a loud crash and ran to and uttering spine-chilling cries. Scien- investigate. He found that a museum tists call this a primitive form of self- visitor had accidentally knocked a piece expression. Late Dates of ancient pottery off its pedestal. Modern men go through the very The teen-age years are when parents

Said the guard, "How terrible! same ritual. We call it golf. find themselves in the land of the mid- You've broken an urn that's more than —Robert Sasserath night son. 1,000 years old." — Marlys Bradley Huffman "Thank goodness it wasn't new," the Gifted visitor replied. A neighbor asked the little girl what Driving A Bargain —Addie Warner she was going to give her brother for his The old car pulling up to the toll birthday. "I don't know," the little girl booth obviously was on its last legs. Traffic Jam said. "Fifty cents," the toll conductor said. A taxi was creeping through rush- "Well, what did you give him last The driver climbed out. "Sold!" he hour traffic, and the passenger was in a year?" said. hurry. "Can't you go any faster?" the "The chicken pox." -E.R. Wright passenger asked. — Oliver E. Frazier

"Sure I can," the driver said. "But I'm not allowed to leave the taxi." Pot-o'-gold — Steve Hobart The soul would have no rainbows had the eyes no tears. Consumer Trap —Mary Eyged "Maintenance-free" means that when it breaks, it can't be fixed. Buck Stops Where? —Joni Cagle A recession is when you need to tighten your belt. A depression is when Say Again you have no belt to tighten. And when History repeats itself because we you have no pants to hold up, that's a weren't listening the first time. panic. —Ivern Ball — Walter Kohls

76 AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE "These Are NOT... Sunglasses!"

THE ONE AND ONL ORIGINAL Ambervision Super Glasses AMBERVISION™ REVOLUTIONIZES EYEWEAR

High Technology Disguised your eyes automatically adjust to light. As High Fashion When you wear plain darkened lenses, READ THIS your pupils open wider to adjust for fooled the appearance of Don't be by darkness — but this becomes harmful these glasses! These are not ordinary $5 FAKES? because your eyes are now letting sunglasses. They may look like high MORE dangerous UV rays in. All colored glasses fashion sunglasses (in fact, they are amber AmbervisiomM lenses are gradiated to are NOT alike. Since the in- designed after some of the most expen- help shield against overhead light. troduction of Ambervision sive brand names on the market today These glasses are made with one of the last year, many imitators — e.g. PorscheTM, CarreraTM, etc.) — but finest lens materials available for have come out with their own are actually the latest breakthrough in sunglasses — cast in CR-39tm with amber colored glasses, for sunglass technology. Ambervision'STM UV400 protection, even an optometrist lower prices (as low as $5), scientific design filters out blue and making the same claims as would be impressed! The lightweight ultraviolet portions of the light spectrum Ambervision. The fact is that frames are designed for ultra comfor- that have been proven to be harmful to these imitations are table wear and tear and the molded your eyes. By filtering out these manufactured of inferior nose rest is designed to rest comfor- dangerous rays, not only are your eyes material that does not com- tably on your nose. The hinge design of pare to the quality in Amber- protected from damage, but your vision these frames allows them to be the vision. Some imitators even is enhanced to a new level of perceptual perfect "one size fits all" eyeglasses. use the name "Amber" in eyesight! Your "Super-Glasses" even come com- the name of their product to A New World Through New Eyes plete with a luxurious black suede-like deliberately confuse the protective pouch. No wonder these are consumer (ie.-Amber Optics, imagine what it would be like to Just Ambersun, etc.) Ambervi- the the most popular and fastest selling look through glasses that make sions are the only glasses of sunglasses ever sold by this giant new world seem sharper, more vibrant, more their type that have been home shopping club! alive and more cheerful. Slip on a pair of tested SUPERIOR to $70 these sleek designer sunglass "look These AmbervisionTM Super-Glasses will Blue Blocking glasses by an alikes" and you'll notice a marked im- not be sold to any wholesalers, dealers, independent lab. Nobody or retailers at this price. There is provement in your vision. The world will a else can make this claim. of per address at this Please do not trust your seem so crisp, so clear, that you'll feel limit two (2) pairs price, but requests that are mailed early valuable eyesight to as if someone had just given you a new enough (before Mar. may request up anything less than the best! set of eyes. This vision enhancement 20) pair of Super-Glasses is experience is so incredibly phenomenal to five. Each full one year money back that you literally "won't believe your covered by a Original AmbervisionTM (Item #SG13)...$10 eyes!" Thousands of professional guarantee. or choose from these other exciting models: Aluminum Deluxe Frame (Item #SG11) $20 golfers, hunters, and skiers have Not Not — $100, $59.99 Clip-On Style (Item #SG14) $10 already discovered and reaped the Incredible Give Away Please specify (Item #) when ordering. benefits of these indispensable Super- For Only $10! Glasses — now you too can experience Mail to: TO ORDER: Specify item number and the excitement of ENHANCED USA Buyers Network, send with your name and address plus EYESIGHT! Dept. SG1601, $3 for shipping, handling, and insurance One American Way, (no matter how many pairs you are re- Roanoke, VA 24016-8001 What About Sunglasses questing). Visa and MC users please © 1987, DMV, INC. (1842)

of DMV, INC. The unbelievable truth is that OR- supply account No., Exp. Date, and Ambervision is a trademark DINARY sunglasses may be dangerous Signature. (Virginia residents add sales to your eyes. Everybody knows that tax). Allow up to 60 days for shipment. uaamm BETTER THAN

PAIRS DENIM! OF Designed to G-I-\/-E where you need it most! NEVER SHRINK, NEVER FADE, NEVER EVER WRINKLE! And You Thought Jeans Were Only Made to Work In! Well, look again, and LOOK CLOSER! Haband, the mail order people from Paterson, New Jersey, have ready right now, to ship direct to your door, the finest, most comfortable, best looking, versatile First Choice Deluxe Gentlemen's Jeans for less than HALF of what the department or men's stores charge — even when they have a sale! But don't let the name "Jeans" fool you! These are not meant for cleaning the garage or painting the back fence. No Sir! These SHARP-LOOKING, Gentlemen's Style Jeans are DRESSIER than any DENIM you've ever owned, because THEY ARE NOT DENIM! They are soft, easy to wear N O-IRO N machine Wash and Wear S-T-R-E-T-C-H Woven Polyest er. They never shrink, never fade, never bind, even after 100 washings. The best thing to happen to men's slacks since the zipper! Best thing to happen to your wallet since your income tax refund!

Gents Jeans ONLY 95

FOUR COLORS TO CHOOSE! "J Take traditional Light Blue or Indigo for lazy afternoons and a pair of the Grey or Tan for Saturday evenings out. Full cut and tailored to fit in your exact waist and inseam length, finished and ready to wear. Don't let those over-inflated designer prices make you shell out more than you have to! ORDER YOUR BETTER-THAN-DENIM-JEANS TODAY for At-Home Satisfaction Guaranteed Personal Approval. HURRY — SEND YOUR ORDER TODAY! BETTER-THAN-DENIM PAIRS Gent's OF 0 JEANS I 3 for 44.25 • Comfort S-TrcT^ JEANS 4 for 59.50 I

265 North 9th Street, SIZES AVAILABLE HABAND Paterson, N.J. 07530 WAIST: 30-32-34-35-36-37-38-39-40-41-42-43-44 YES, SIR! Send pairs of jeans for BIG SIZES. 46 • -48 • -50 • -52 • -54 •

I 46-54 which enclose the full amount of $ 'Please add $2.00 per pair for Big Sizes * NO INSEAMS: S(27-28), M(29-30). L(31-32). XL(33-34) FADING plus $3.25 for postage and handling. '• OR CHARGE IT: Visa MasterCard HOW WHAT WHAT "OStaONONGI Acct.# 05A COLOR MANY? SIZE? NSEAM?

Exp. Date: / C TAN rUU-CUT Guarantee: if upon receipt I do not B LIGHT BLUE COMFORT wish to wear the Jeans, I may return them within 30 days for a full refund A INDIGO of I paid you. every penny D Gunmetal GRAY 7BE-05A

NAME :

STREET APT.'

CITY/STATE ZIP.. 265 N. 9th Street, Paterson, N.J.