Assiut university Staff Researches
( 1 ) Twin tunnel configuration for Greater Cairo metro line No. 4
Hamdy H.A. Abd-el.rahim , Mahmoud Enieb , Ahmed Abdelmoamen Khalil , Abdou S.H. Ahmed
Abstract:
Construction of twin tunnels in crowded urban cities compels the designer to select a suitable configuration and the associated railway alignment. Therefore, the estimation of optimum clear distance between tunnels, then vertical and horizontal curves of rails is significant for twin tunnel projects to obtain the optimum design of tunnels, safety and passenger comfort. A case study is the Greater Cairo metro line No. 4, Phase 1. The configuration of twin tunnels includes vertical, horizontal and diagonal alignment. Two cases for diagonal alignment, one of them tunnels pass under the River Nile. Also, two cases for horizontal alignment, one of them tunnels running above bottom clayey soil. Proper clear distance between twin tunnels has been identified according to internal forces and displacement in tunnels. Vertical and horizontal displacements have been presented for twin tunnels and for the surrounding soil. Moreover, induced internal forces in tunnel lining have been computed. Two- dimensional numerical models are employed by using PLAXIS program to perform the analysis. Also, the procedures of construction of the twin tunnels have been discussed. Based on the calculated result, the clear distance between tunnels has a major effect on soil movement and internal forces in tunnel lining. It shows that the construction procedure affects the soil displacement and internal forces. Construction of the bottom tunnel at first reduces bending moment in top tunnel lining and results in small changes in bending moment in the bottom tunnel lining after the construction of top tunnel. On the other hand, the results have also shown the influence of twin tunnel configuration on railway track alignment.
Keywords:
Twin tunnel configuration Internal forces Numerical Analysis Construction procedures Displacement
Published In:
Computers and Geotechnics , 68 , 66-77
page 1 / 15 Assiut university Staff Researches
( 2 ) Factors Affecting the Stability of Highway Side Slopes “Case study: Roads adjacent water ways in Upper Egypt”
M. A. Ashour, M. H. Hussein, M. Enieb and M. F. Abed Elkader
Abstract:
The present study is concerned with the stability of side slope for the highways lying between two canals, eastern Nag Hamady canal and western side canal at Km(70.8).The canals and highway are located on the right bank of the Nile, and pass through the governorates of Assiut and Sohag. The side slope cracks as well as cracks in the asphalt road usually happen after winter closing period in the left side slope of the road. This is attributed to the difference in water levels between the two neighboring canals and soil weakness. The present study deals with this problem and can be divided into two main parts: • The first part is an experimental work using triaxial test, shear box test, and consolidation test, which are carried out on undisturbed samples to determine physical and mechanical soil properties. • The second part is the numerical investigation using the obtained soil properties from the experimental work. Two computer programs are used from GEOSTUDIO 2004 library. First (SLOPE/W) is used for slope stability analysis by limit equilibrium method. This program deals with slope stability methods such as Ordinary, Bishop, Janbu and Morgenstern- price methods. The second is the stress analysis program (SIGMA/W).This program is based on finite element technique. The MohrCoulomb yield criteria is used to represent soil layers. Study results showed that slopes at the investigated seating sites are unsafe. The numerical simulation with GEOSTUDIO 2004 is powerful to determine the location of the cracks for highway side slope of eastern Nag Hamadey canal, and is in good agreement with the actual observation in the field. Also, proposed practical methods are suggested to improve stability properties for the highway side slope using piles, cut- off wall to obtain factor of safety, greater than 1.5
Keywords:
Stability of highway side slopes, triaxial test, shear box test, and finite element method
Published In:
Journal of Engineering Scinces , Vol. 34 No. 6 , 1765-1785
page 2 / 15 Assiut university Staff Researches
( 3 ) Evaluation and analysis of urban passengers transport modes operation performance & efficiency
Owais M., Salah G., Enieb M. and Abbas Y.
Abstract:
While the demand for transportation is growing rapidly, many problems are facing planners and traffic operators in urban areas; such as; low performance and efficiency levels of passengers transport system. The strategy for tackling these problems has been for years to consider adding more capacity to the transport supply system, through huge investments in transport infrastructure. Best utilization of available transport services and facilities is an urgent necessity. Methods developed in the theory of optimization, through making use of advanced computation technology, would allow one to make experimental analysis and evaluation of different policies and strategies for better understanding of the transportation problem and to select a solution for efficient utilization of resources. This paper presents a methodology for transport modes operation analysis for different policies and strategies to be simulated in order to reach optimal goals. The performance and efficiency of transport modes operation are formulated in a framework as an output maximization process of an objective function, subject to state variables, decision variables, constraints and variable bounds. Four main traffic operation strategies which would have great impacts on urban transportation performance and efficiency were analyzed, each strategy contains heuristics of many trial values of decision variables. The overall methodology is seeking global optimality. The research output revealed two important indicators for alternative transport systems evaluation; Mode Efficiency Factor and transport system passenger supply Efficiency Index. The efficient transport system supply that satisfies a certain demand is attained. Moreover, an identification and clarification of most compatible transport modes, suitable for passenger demand sharing, that would give optimal performance indicators are documented.
Keywords:
Urban passengers; Transportation Modes; Optimization; Operation Performance; Operation Efficiency
Published In:
Journal of Engineering Sciences , Vol 39 No 2 , 283-299
page 3 / 15 Assiut university Staff Researches
( 4 ) Investigation in selecting the optimum airport runway orientation with special reference to Egyptian airports
E. m. Abdellah, M. Enieb, R.N. Mohamed
Abstract:
Determination of a runway orientation is a critical task in the planning and design of an airport. Runways usually oriented in the direction of the prevailing winds. The best direction can be decided through proper execution of wind analysis for designated area. In this study, wind analysis is conducted by manual analysis and computer analysis to check the accuracy of used software in computer analysis by comparing their results with the manual procedure. The manual analysis represented by windrose type II while the computer analysis represented by two software FAA Airport design and Windrose PRO. In order to analyze the available local wind observations with windrose II manual procedure and FAA Airport design software they must be converted to suitable windrose statistics so that a third software should be used . In this study WRPLOT View software is used to do this task. In this study three case studies Aswan international airport, Al Nozha international airport and Marsa Alam international airport were studied. These cases studies subject to wind analysis by use of manual analysis and computer analysis. For FAA Airport Design and WindRose PRO software there were small differences between its results and windrose II manual analysis results. In order to verify the optimization process in each case study, a comparison was made between existing runways orientation and estimated optimum runways orientation. For Aswan international airport the existing runway which has actual orientation of 170.88/350.88 which provides 98.07% wind coverage while the optimum runway orientation is 174/354 which provides 98.2% wind coverage. For Al Nozha there are two existing runways which have actual orientation of 45.06/225.07 and 179.99/359.99 which provides 84.11% and 93.27% wind coverage respectively while the optimum runway orientation is one runway with orientation of 146/326 which provides 96.04% wind coverage. For Marsa Alam international airport the existing runway which has actual orientation of 149.75/329.76 which provides 99.65% wind coverage while the optimum runway orientation is 156/336 which provides 99.72% wind coverage. Parametric analysis applied on each case study in order to studying the effect of each controlling parameter on wind coverage. This analysis is proceed by use of FAA Airport Design software because it allow the designer to keep the other parameters fixed while changing one of them. These parameters are number of runways, runway orientation, maximum allowable crosswind component and maximum allowable tailwind component.
Keywords:
NULL
Published In:
Journal of Engineering Sciences , Vol 39 No6 , 1261-1280
page 4 / 15 Assiut university Staff Researches
( 5 ) Seismic Analysis of Urban Tunnel Systems for the Greater Cairo Metro Line No.4
Hamdy, H.A.Abd-el.rahim Mahmoud Enieb Ahmed Abdelmoamen Khalil Abdou SH.Ahmed
Abstract:
The objective of the study is to investigate the influence of seismic analysis of tunnel systems (single and twin tunnels). The seismic analysis is significant for tunnel projects in urban cities to avoid the collapse of tunnels in this crowded city due to displacements generated as a result of earthquake waves. A case study is The Greater Cairo metro line No.4, Phase No.1. To evaluate the influence of seismic waves on single and twin tunnels, four cases were simulated, the first case of a single tunnel and three cases of twin tunnels. For more serious understanding of the issue of seismic waves on twin tunnels, the horizontal, vertical and diagonal alignment are analyzed.. Total displacement was presented for tunnel systems. Moreover, induced internal forces in tunnel lining have been computed. The paper presents a two-dimensional model using numerical simulations by PLAXIS program. Based on the calculated result, a higher displacement occurs in tunnel lining during the earthquake. The maximum change of internal forces during an earthquake occurs in shear force, then bending moment. Moreover, the normal force of tunnel lining is less affected by seismic actions.
Keywords:
Seismic analysis, Tunnel systems, internal forces, numerical analysis, displacement
Published In:
Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering (EJGE) , Volume.20 Bund(10) , 4207-4222.
page 5 / 15 Assiut university Staff Researches
( 6 ) A Conditioning Method to Evaluate Moisture Influence on the Durability of Asphalt Mixture Materials
Aboelkasim Diab, Cesare Sangiorgi, Mahmoud Enieb, Zhanping You
Abstract:
Over the years, researchers have developed many laboratory methods for conditioning and evaluating the moisture damage of asphalt mixtures. Most of the tests do not fully simulate field conditions and the evaluation criterion does not always predict the long-term susceptibility to moisture damage. This paper aims to present a comprehensive conditioning and evaluation method that simulates field conditions to assess the durability of bituminous layers against moisture damage. The equipment consists of a system applying a cyclic load on samples in which water can be forced through. The assessment procedure is based on the Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS) test after the conditioning method, from which the concept of the Damage Rate (Dr) as an indicator for classifying the durability of mixtures against moisture damage, was developed. The method would allow asphalt practitioners to evaluate the mixture for susceptibility to moisture on a routine basis
Keywords:
Asphalt pavements, moisture damage, conditioning, field conditions, durability
Published In:
Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering , Vol. 43, No. 11 , 943-948
page 6 / 15 Assiut university Staff Researches
( 7 ) The optimum airport runway orientation for different regions in Egypt
El-Sayed Mohamed Abdalla1, Mahmoud Enieb Osman and Ramy Nasr Abd El-monem Mohamed
Abstract:
This study investigates wind analysis which is conducted by manual analysis and computer analysis for airports outside population settlements. The accuracy of used software in computer analysis was checked by comparing their results with the manual procedure. The manual analysis represented by windrose type II while the computer analysis represented by two software the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Airport design and windrose PRO. Wind patterns of twenty regions in Egypt are examined by WORPLOT View and FAA Airport Design program to estimate the best runway orientation. These twenty regions have thirteen regions with existing airports and seven regions of bearable airports. After examining Egyptian surface wind pattern found that the optimum solution for the most of Egypt regions is one direction while there are two directions for Mersa Matruh and Port Said. The existing runways in Assiut airport and Port Said airport have not fulfill standard requirement which were taken in this study (wind coverage and cross wind rules) throughout the year. Runway orientation was found for previousexamined airports. Three runway orientations had been studied with more details, Aswan, Marsa Alam and Al Nozha airports.There is one proposed runway in Al Nozha airport, which have fulfilled standard requirement throughout the year instead of the existing runways. Aswan and Marsa Alam existing runways were accepted
Keywords:
NULL
Published In:
Journal of Engineering Sciences, Assiut University, Faculty of Engineering. , Vol. 41, No. 6 , 2126 - 2139
page 7 / 15 Assiut university Staff Researches
( 8 ) Characteristics of Asphalt Binder and Mixture Containing Nanosilica
Mahmoud Enieb, Aboelkasim Diab
Abstract:
The aim of this study is to address the feasibility of using Nanosilica (NS) in bituminous pavements from the perspective of asphalt binder and corresponding mixture characteristics. In this paper, the characteristics of asphalt binder containing 0%, 2%, 4% and 6% of NS have been investigated in terms of the penetration, softening point, viscosity, and changes in chemical bonds using the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. An additional laboratory study was conducted to characterize the performance properties of the corresponding asphalt mixtures based on the resilient modulus, indirect tensile strength, fracture energy, moisture susceptibility, and fatigue life. Overall, the addition of NS material has a positive influence on different properties of the asphalt binder and mixture and can be used to construct durable pavements, thereby reduce the life-cycle costs of the pavement.
Keywords:
Nanosilica; Binder Properties; Mixture; ITS; Fatigue
Published In:
International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology , Vol. 10, Issue 2 , 148-157
page 8 / 15 Assiut university Staff Researches
( 9 ) Investigating Influence of Mineral Filler at Asphalt Mixture and Mastic Scales
Aboelkasim Diab, Mahmoud Enieb
Abstract:
This study is devoted to understand the mechanisms of mineral fillers in asphalt at the mixture and mastic scales. To do so, the physical properties of asphalt mixtures and mastics were evaluated; in addition, a chemical investigation was presented on the mastic scale for the sake of providing insight behind the possible mechanisms between asphalt binder and mineral filler. Three mineral fillers namely hydrated lime (HL), limestone (LS), and cement bypass dust (CD) were incorporated into an asphalt binder at different filler-to-binder (F/B) ratios. For the mechanistic evaluation of the mixtures, the indirect tensile strength (ITS), moisture damage evaluation, resilient modulus, and static creep-recovery tests were carried out. The fracture energies also were quantified for all the studied mixtures. The results of penetration and softening point tests, as well as their pertinent penetration index (PI), were discussed to elucidate some physical properties of the mastics. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was performed on the mastics to obtain information on molecular structures of the formed composites. The findings of this study emphasize that the physical properties of mixtures and mastics are highly dependent on type and concentration of mineral filler. The 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR results proved that the inclusion of the studied fillers did not change the molecular structure of the base asphalt binder; hereby the physical mechanisms stand behind the attained properties. It is believed that the findings of this work would contribute to growing knowledge of the mechanisms of mineral fillers in asphalt mixtures.
Keywords:
Mineral filler; Asphalt mixtures; Asphalt binder; Mastics; Physical properties; NMR
Published In:
International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology , Volume 11, Issue 3 , , Pages 213-224
page 9 / 15 Assiut university Staff Researches
( 10 ) Influence of aging on properties of polymer-modified asphalt
Aboelkasim Diab, Mahmoud Enieb, Dharamveer Singh
Abstract:
Although the use of polymeric additives has been widely accepted as a promising strategy to improve broad spectrum of pavement deficiencies, aging-induced mechanisms of polymer-modified asphalt binders and mixtures still have critical aspects that should be studied to a comprehensive extent. The primary objective of this paper is to advance the understanding of aging effect on the properties of polymer-modified asphalt binders and mixtures. In this study, six different polymeric products were of specific interest: styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), polypropylene (PP), styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polycarbonate (PC), and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), each was applied at rates of 2% and 5% (by the wt. of asphalt binder) to prepare polymer-modified binders and mixtures. The prepared binders passed thin film oven test (TFOT), while the mixtures were subjected to normal and 16 h production aging. The compositional analysis of asphalt binders was discussed based on the elemental analysis tests while the penetration, ring and ball, and rotational viscosity tests were further studied to evaluate the physical properties. The asphalt mixtures were evaluated based on a series of engineering performance-based properties using indirect tensile strength (ITS), moisture susceptibility, uniaxial static creep-recovery, resilient modulus, and diametral fatigue tests. The fatigue tests were conducted without and with rest period so as to provide insight into the healing potential of different modified mixtures. The results showed that the aging increased the carbon component in all blends; however mixed results were attained regarding hydrogen, sulphur, and nitrogen. No obvious trends were ascertained for carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulphur due to polymer modification. Aging induced effects on polymer- modified binders and mixtures are highly dependent on the polymer type and modification level. Polymer modification had positive influence on ITS, creep strain and recovery ratio, resilient modulus, resistance to moisture damage, and fatigue life. Fatigue tests with rest period proved that the polymer-modified mixtures have higher tendency to heal compared to the unmodified mixtures, which resulted in an improvement in the fatigue performance of the mixtures. Except for the fatigue life, the aging of polymer-modified asphalt mixtures had no detrimental effect on the studied mechanistic properties.
Keywords:
Aging, polymer modification Asphalt binder Physical properties Elemental analysis Healing
Published In:
Construction and Building Materials , 196 , 54-65
page 10 / 15 Assiut university Staff Researches
( 11 ) Short- and long-term properties of glass fiber reinforced asphalt mixtures
Mahmoud Enieb, Aboelkasim Diab & Xu Yang
Abstract:
This study is aimed at investigating short- and long-term aged properties of glass fibre (GF)-reinforced asphalt mixtures using indirect tensile strength (ITS) and associated fracture energy, moisture susceptibility, creep compliance, resilient modulus, and indirect tension continuous and discontinuous (IDT) fatigue tests. Also, to portray the influence of fibre reinforcement at micro level, a micromechanical finite element model (MFEM) was built utilising representative volume element (RVE) to consider the effect of fibre dose, length, and dispersion (fully aligned or random) on the mechanical characteristics (or stress-strain curve) of the composite under unidirectional strain perturbation. Based on the study results, for the same binder, compared to shorter fibre (i.e. 6-mm length), the application of 12-mm GF to the mixtures showed unnoticeable change in the short- and long-term properties of the reinforced mixtures. On the whole, the GF can impart positive characteristics to the asphalt mixture such as increase strength, resistance to rutting, less susceptibility to moisture damage, retard fatigue cracking, enhance healing capability, and combat adverse aging changes. Unlike the effect of fibre length, the numerical model proved that the orientation and concentration of GF showed noticeable influence on the mechanical response of the composite. Overall, using the GF in asphalt mixtures can help produce durable bituminous pavements. Although the present study investigated the GFreinforced bituminous materials from performance stand point, one can speculate that building GFreinforced pavements is more costly initially compared to unreinforced pavements however the benefits may be received over time by extending service life and saving the maintenance cost of the bituminous pavement
Keywords:
Aging; asphalt mixture; durability; glass fibre; micromechanical model; pavement distresses
Published In:
International Journal of Pavement Engineering , Vol. 22, Issue 1 , 64-76
page 11 / 15 Assiut university Staff Researches
( 12 ) Evaluating mechanical properties of bitumen and hot mix asphalt modified with nano ferric oxide
S. Karahancer, Mahmoud Enieb, M. Saltan, S. Terzi, E. Eriskin, A. Cengizhan, M.Y. Akbas
Abstract:
In the study, the effect of nano ferric oxide (Fe2O3) modification was investigated to improve the rheological properties of bitumen and mechanical properties of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA). Rutting potential and non-recoverable compliance (Jnr) were determined after subjecting modified bitumen to short-term and long-term aging. Multiple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR) test was conducted to evaluate Jnr of bitumen and performance grade. Low temperature stiffness and flexural properties of modified bitumen were also determined. Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS) and Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR) of HMA modified with nano Fe2O3 was determined. Rutting was also determined by Hamburg Wheel Tracking Device (HWTD) for HMA modified with nano Fe2O3. Solar reflection was measured on HMA modified with nano Fe2O3. Results showed that, the nano Fe2O3 improved the rutting potential and non-recoverable compliance. Maximum rutting performance was observed by 5% Fe2O3 modified bitumen. The non-recoverable compliance and the rutting resistance have related. Modified HMA samples have higher strength value than reference sample. Nano Fe2O3 modification of HMA was provided resistance against moisture damage. 1% Fe2O3 modified HMA has the highest rutting resistance with the maximum 6 mm rut depth. Heat islands were increased by nano Fe2O3 modification.
Keywords:
Nano ferric oxide Bitumen modification Rutting Non-recoverable compliance
Published In:
Construction and Building Materials , 234 (2020) 117381 , 1-13
page 12 / 15 Assiut university Staff Researches
( 13 ) Using of VHR satellite images for road network extraction in Egypt
B. Nady; Y. Mostafa; Y.A. Abbas; Mahmoud Enieb
Abstract:
Roads extraction from VHR satellite images are very paramount for GIS and map updating. Due to the high resolution of satellite images, there are many obstacles broken roads such as shadow, and vehicles. The present work aims to find the most suitable road extraction approach that can be applied in the Egyptian environment. In this study, two satellite images from WorldView-2 and WorldView-3 were used. Classification of image by pixel-based and object-based was carried out to find the appropriate classification method for road extraction. Then, road class refinement by morphology and angular texture signature are performed to decrease the misclassifications between roads and other spectrally similar objects. After that, an iterative and localized Hough transform method was compared with the thinning algorithm method to find the proper method that can extract road centerline segments from the refined images. The performance of the extracted roads was estimated by using the common metrics; completeness, correctness, and quality. The results of this work demonstrate that the random tree in object- based classification achieves the highest overall accuracy than other classification methods. Also, thinning algorithm has more advantages than Hough transform.
Keywords:
Road network, Hough transform, thinning algorithm, morphology, road centerline extraction, and classification
Published In:
Journal of Engineering Sciences , Vol. 48 No 1 , 20-31
page 13 / 15 Assiut university Staff Researches
( 14 ) Effect of Asphalt Grade and Polymer Type (SBS and EE-2) on Produced PMB and Asphalt Concrete Mix Properties
Mahmoud Enieb; Lina Shbeeb; Ibrahim Asi; Xu Yang; and Aboelkasim Diab
Abstract:
Laboratory evaluation of elastomer- and plastomer-modified asphalt binders using different grades of asphalt binders and produced asphalt concrete mixes is the subject of this paper. The evaluated polymer modifiers in this study were an elastomer [commercially available styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) and a plastomer (functionally modified olefin commercially known as Eastman EE-2)], blended separately with two penetration-grade binders (60/70 and 80/100) at polymer/binder ratios of 2%, 4%, and 6% (by mass). The rheological properties of the polymer-modified binders (PMBs) were tested using a rotational viscometer, dynamic shear rheometer, and bending beam rheometer. The effect of the polymers on the rheological properties of the asphalt binders was investigated before and following standardized short- and long-term oxidative aging. Hot-mix asphalt mixes were prepared and evaluated in terms of the number of performance tests, which included indirect tensile strength, moisture susceptibility, resilient modulus, creep-recovery strain properties, and indirect tension fatigue. Analysis of the obtained PMBs indicated that the addition of the elastomer and plastomer polymers to petroleum asphalts was very useful in obtaining a number of desirable characteristics. The main indicators of such improvements are improved rutting resistance of the unaged and short-term aged binders, and the addition of higher percentages of the polymers resulted in an upward shift of the rutting resistance without impacting the fatigue properties of the binders. The addition of up to 6% of the polymers to the binders raised the performance grade (PG) of the PMBs by at least two grades from their base PG. For the softer binder (i.e., Pen. 80/100), 6% SBS pumped the PG of the binder three grades up. The introduction of varying amounts of elastomer and plastomer polymers can significantly influence the resultant mechanistic properties of mixtures.
Keywords:
Elastomer; plastomer; penetration grade; rheology; PG; stiffness; moisture susceptibility; rutting; fatigue cracking
Published In:
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering , Volume 32 Issue 12 , 04020385
page 14 / 15 Assiut university Staff Researches
( 15 ) Evaluation of Hot Mix Asphalt and Binder Performance Modified with High Content of Nano Silica Fume
Ali Y. Aboelmagd1, Ghada S. Moussa, Mahmoud Enieb, Safwan Khedr, El-Sayed M. Abd Alla
Abstract:
This research aims to evaluate the mechanical properties of hot asphalt mixtures prepared using modified asphalt binders with various contents of nano-silica fume (NSF). The modification to virgin bitumen is done by shear mixing with NSF at low contents (2, 4, 6, and 8%) and high contents (20, 30, 40, and 50%) with bitumen weight. The homogeneity of the modified asphalts was assessed using Scanning Electron Microscopy. The rotational viscosity, softening point, and penetration tests were used to evaluate the rheological-physical properties of the modified asphalt binders. The stiffness, moisture damage, rutting, and fatigue of the hot mixes prepared with NSF-modified binders were evaluated using Marshall, indirect tensile strength, and double punching tests. The results showed a significant improvement in the rheological-physical properties of the modified binders with high content compared to low content of NSF. Therefore, the modified binders with 30%, 40%, and 50% of NSF were selected to prepare NSF-modified mixtures. The results showed that asphalt mixtures incorporating 30, 40, and 50% NSF-modified binders were more resistant to moisture damage, rutting, and fatigue cracking compared to the control mixture. The novelty in this research is to produce a modified asphalt mixture with half a quantity of bitumen while achieving a high performance compared to the control mixture.
Keywords:
Nanomaterial, Silica fume, Bitumen reduction, Asphalt mixture, Moisture susceptibility, Double punching, Rutting, Fatigue
Published In:
Journal of Engineering Sciences , Vol. 49 No. 4 , 378 - 399
page 15 / 15
Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)