TITANIC WHAT WAS ?

In 1912 Titanic was the biggest ship ever built. At the time it was called the “wonder ship” and a “floating palace”. People also called it “Unsinkable.” Titanic had every possible extravagance – the first class passengers walked down a grand central staircase into a world of luxury. Titanic was the first ship to have an on board gym, swimming pool, squash court and tennis court. The luxury was for the First Class passengers only and they had dining rooms with fine wood panelling, crystal chandeliers and crystal glasses to drink from. There was a ballroom, card rooms, two libraries and beautifully decorated sitting rooms. The bedrooms and suites for the first class passengers were also all very luxurious. THE GRAND CENTRAL STAIRCASE THE SWIMMING POOL ON TITANIC TITANIC’S SQUASH COURT THE TENNIS COURT FOR THE FIRST CLASS PASSENGERS INSIDE THE ONE OF THE FIRST CLASS DINING ROOMS FIRST CLASS SITTING ROOMS

The first class sitting rooms on the Titanic were very grand. LARGE, FIRST CLASS SITTING ROOM THE FIRST CLASS DECK SPACE INSIDE A FIRST CLASS CABIN THE RICHEST PASSENGERS HAD SUITES, WITH A PRIVATE SITTING ROOM ATTACHED TO THEIR BEDROOM CABIN THE FIRST CLASS EXPERIENCE

For first class passengers on Titanic, it was like a wonderful holiday. They were served delicious meals, they could sit and chat in lovely sitting rooms and enjoy many leisure activities. This is what Lady Duff Gordon, a First-class passenger said about her stay on the Titanic: “My pretty little cabin with its electric heater and pink curtains delighted me. Its beautiful lace quilt and pink cushions, and photographs all around – it all looked so homely.” TEN DECKS The Titanic had ten decks and although it was the most luxurious ship ever built, there were many people on Titanic who didn’t get to use the facilities. There were three grades of passenger on Titanic: first, second and third class. Most of the amenities and all of the expensive and luxurious parts of the ship were reserved for the first-class passengers. THIS IS A CROSS- SECTION OF TITANIC WHAT TYPE OF PEOPLE SAILED ON THE TITANIC? Titanic carried over 2,200 people on its maiden voyage People were travelling for lots of different reasons. WHAT TYPE OF PEOPLE SAILED ON THE TITANIC?

WHO WAS IN FIRST CLASS In First class there were Businessmen who needed to make important deals and holidaymakers travelled for leisure and some people just wanted to experience life on board the world's biggest and most luxurious ship. First class passengers were some of the richest and most important people of the time. They included businessmen like IV and , as well as members of the upper classes and even sportsmen. WHAT TYPE OF PEOPLE SAILED ON THE TITANIC?

WHO WAS IN SECOND CLASS In second class there were also business men and many of the second class passengers were tourists, made up of professions such as teachers and clergy. A team from Harland and Wolff, who had helped to build Titanic, travelled as second class passengers. There were also some staff of the first class passengers, like maids, chauffeurs and nannies. THE SECOND CLASS EXPERIENCE

Second class accommodation was cabins with bunk-beds. Each cabin had either two or four beds and there was room for 550 second class passengers. Second class cabins didn’t have private bathrooms, but inside each cabin there was a sink and mirror. Passengers in second class had a spacious outdoor promenade, a smoking room, a library and dining room. Afternoon tea and coffee was served in the library. The dining room could seat almost 2,400 people at one time and a pianist would entertain the diners. All of the furniture was mahogany with crimson red upholstery and pivoted lights to add to the atmosphere. SECOND CLASS CABINS SECOND CLASS DINING ROOM WHAT TYPE OF PEOPLE SAILED ON TITANIC? WHO WAS IN THIRD CLASS? In third class there were a lot of immigrant families who were travelling to make a better life for themselves in America. THE THIRD CLASS EXPERIENCE Third class was much more basic with very few facilities. There was a general room, where most passengers gathered, talked and socialised. There was a piano for passengers to make their own music in the evenings. Third class passengers ate in their own dining room which could seat around 470 passengers in 3 sittings. The food was very simple but plentiful consisting of rice soup, biscuits, meat and fruit. On most other ships, third class passengers were expected to bring their own food which was supposed to last for the entire journey. With over 1000 third class passengers on board, accommodation was basic. Cabins slept up to 10 people and were located at the noisy bottom part of the ship close to the engines. Single men and women were split up at the front and back with families in the middle. There were only two baths for the 1000 people in third class! THIRD CLASS ON TITANIC SOME KEY FACTS ABOUT TITANIC

Titanic was almost as long as three football fields. It was as tall as a 17 storey building, which is the same height as Nelson's Column in London It had ten decks Titanic’s engines used more than 80,000 kg of coal each day and the ship’s top speed was 24 knots an hour, which is 44mph. 175 'firemen' shovelled the coal by hand and worked in shifts 24 hours a day. Although Titanic had four funnels, only three were functional - the fourth one was just for show. The Titanic was one of the first ships to have a telephone system and electric lights in all the rooms. There were 2200 people on board Titanic on its maiden voyage in : 1300 passengers and 900 crew. WHEN DID TITANIC’S STORY BEGIN? The story of Titanic began in 1907 when J.Bruce Ismay of the company of Britain and William J Pirrie of Harland and Wolff shipyard, in Belfast, Ireland, decided to build three huge ships One of these ships was Titanic. Work began on the Titanic in Belfast 1901 and the ship was finished on March 31st 1912 In April 1912 Titanic was sailed to England and in a 900 person crew was taken on, to get the ship ready for passengers. Titanic set sail for America on 10th April 1912. For the first few days of the voyage all went well and especially in First-Class, the passengers were enjoying all that Titanic had to offer. Then on 14th April, disaster struck, in the shape of a massive … WHAT HAPPENED TO TITANIC

On Saturday April 13th Titanic was cruising at top speed but all was not well. There were in the water and 9 ice warnings were sent to Titanic from other ships. However, the wireless operators were too busy sending and receiving messages for passengers, so they didn’t take all the messages to the bridge. Some messages were taken up, but Captain Edward J Smith seemed to ignore the messages until late in the day. Before dinner Captain Smith did change the ships course, but he didn’t slow Titanic down. Just before midnight , once of the ship’s lookouts spotted a large object in the water – it was a massive iceberg. ABANDON SHIP!

Fleet rang the alarm bell three times and shouted “Iceberg right ahead.” First Officer William Murdoch reacted quickly and ordered the crew to reverse the engines and turn the boat left, away from the iceberg, but it was too late. Titanic hit the iceberg, which scraped all down the side of the ship. Most of the passengers were asleep and didn’t even feel the ship hit the iceberg, but the damage was done. Captain Smith ran below decks and when he saw how much water was gushing into Titanic, he knew he had to evacuate the ship. The problem was that there was only enough space in the lifeboats for about half the people onboard. The original plan for the titanic was for 64 lifeboats but the builder only put in 20, so that the first-class passengers would have more room to stroll around the deck. HELP!

Smith rushed to the ship’s wireless room and ordered the sending of distress calls to other ships The first to respond was the Carpathia but it was four hours a way. Titanic’s crew fired rockets to get the attention of a ship that was about 16km away, but it didn’t answer because it thought that Titanic was just letting off fireworks. EVACUATION By 12.25am the lifeboats were ready but it took a while to persuade the first-class passengers to climb in because it was scary and the passengers could not believe the boat would soon be gone. The crew were panicking that they would not have enough time to lower all the lifeboats, so some boats went down less than half full. Women and children from first class went first. By 1.15am it was clear that the boat was sinking and people were desperately trying to get into the boats. By 2.05am the last was launched and 12 minutes later, at 2.17am there was a massive crash as everything tumbled towards the of the ship. As the last lifeboat launched, more than 1,500 people were stranded on the sinking ship. THE SINKING OF TITANIC

As Titanic’s tilted upwards, hundreds of people fell into the icy water. Others desperately tried to hang on until the ship slipped below the waves. People in the lifeboats could hear the desperate cries of the drowning. Those in the water struggled to try and survive but the ocean was -2 degrees and that caused death in 15 minutes. The survivors in the lifeboats were also cold, many of them in their pyjamas and the site of the Carpathia was very welcome when it arrived at 3.30am. The freezing people were quickly helped onto the boat and given warm blankets and hot food and drink. Only 705 people had survived. WHO DIED

Out of the first-class passengers, 40% died Out of the second-class passengers, 58% died But 75% of third class passengers died, because many were locked below decks by the ship’s crew, when they realised that there were not enough lifeboats. News of the sinking of the unsinkable Titanic spread rapidly – the world was shocked. After Titanic it became the law that every ship had to carry enough lifeboats for all its passengers. Thanks for THE END! watching/reading!