Þñýî Gpaÿ Þíà Koørüñú Aüò Ðzpüú Claúê Ìhéô 63 Kæokoubë Gú

·¼ÃwHnkÎ ¾Äozº Gh{ ÖBouþ ÖBouþ Gh{ IÃºoÿÃ²I¨ ÂºHoÄH ·IÄj¼¿Ä

1317 N. Crescent Height blvd. Kýzã×PBo/6 Kýzã×PBo/6 West Hollywood, CA 90046 Tel: (323) 654-4700 /7 AWpADþ øýBR oDýw KýBï Fax: (323) 654-1791 /8 ÞBèý×pðýB AüpAðþ üùõküBó ÖloAuýõó AgHBo ·ITv¶p ½nIµ{ ÁkÃ{n¼i 1387 /21 ÞýíýBGh{ yHñî GB â×Pãõ Áj°Ã¶ 2008 - 2009 ÁoLø 5769 Þñ×pAðw ìÇHõÎBOþ GpAÿ ìÏpÖþ OpWíú ÖBouþ ÖBouþ OpWíú ìÏpÖþ GpAÿ ìÇHõÎBOþ Þñ×pAðw oLÀn - ³k£¶ ·I¬s¶ : oÃMjow /41 ôürðPBë” “uBüíõó ìpÞr ko “yI” ÞPBJ jI\ÄH ýkÀ IM ÂºHoÄH ·IÄj¼¿Ä ·¼ÃwHnkÎ ·I¬nH nIÎ¼{ 61 / “AoR” uBqìBó GB GýzPp @yñBüþ Á°TøH » ¾÷¶I] jHoÎH » ·¼ÃwHnkÎ ¸ÃM ´Ã£Tv¶ óILUnH ,I¿ºI¶pIw ¸ÃM Â«¹ÀIµÀ jI\ÄH » ÂºHoÄH ·IÄj¼¿Ä ª¹ÀoÎ /91 âpAðíBüú yBÎp üà GroâlAyQ .kÀkÃ¶ ¾¶HjH Hn j¼i SÃ²I÷Î ·¼¬Iº¼¬ ÁI¿±vº » IÀ ½»o¬ GBoAá AôGBìB oDýw Wíùõo ìñPhI @ìpüßB ô GBqÿ GBqÿ ô @ìpüßB ìñPhI Wíùõo oDýw AôGBìB GBoAá c²I~¶ Éÿe » ·¼T¶ yÄHoÄ» ,K²Iõ¶ JIhTºH nj nIÎ¼{ /02 AüpAó up Gp kyõAo .SwH jHpA ¾÷¶I] nIÎ¼{ nj Znk¹¶ R¯I£¶ » nIYA /42 üùõkÿ ìýéýõó y{ ÚPê ô @üzíò @kôèØ JIUpIM » ½j¼M R¯I£¶ ·A ·I¬k¹vÄ¼º RHoÊº o«ºIÃM .k{IM Âµº ·A ·I¬k¹ºHjo¬ EHnA » kÄI£ø /62 üùõk OBoüi ÞPBJ .SvÃº nIÎ¼{ ½k¿ø ¾M IÀ Â¿¬A RI]nk¹¶ SÃ²¼Fv¶ ÁHoM ´±¤ ®ÀH » ·Iµ]oT¶ ,·I¬k¹vÄ¼º ¾Ã±¨ pH nIÎ¼{ 5 /03 ÖBouþ Þçuýà ðTp .k¹¨ Â¶ ÁnI§µÀ ¾M R¼øj ï,þ±Th¶ ÁIÀ yhM /43 oôyñBüþ ô ðõo Wzò ¾Äozº K²Iõ¶ » R¯I£¶ ®£º .k{IM Â¶ jHpA miáI¶ o¨l IM

: k±] Á»n Â{I£º uÃ²H - ³k£¶ ¾ºITv¶ “c±Å » ¢zø ÁIÀ ¾±÷{ ”

IÀ Â¿¬A ,k±] » RIdÿÅ ÂeHoö ,Â¹Ã`Î»oe (310) 601-0770 Án¼§{ °Ã{ ÿ Þú oôÿ Þ×{, Þ×{, oôÿ Þú ÿ AÖpAk OÏlAk ôìXBèw, øB @Dþ øî âpk ko ÞípGñl, èHBx, ÞýØ ôüB ÞpAôAR gõk ìBoá ÆpAf Gh¿õ¾þ oA cíê cíê oA Gh¿õ¾þ ÆpAf ìBoá gõk ÞpAôAR ôüB ÞýØ èHBx, ÞípGñl, ìþ Þññl oô Gú AÖrAü{ AuQ. Kõyýló ô AuP×Bkû Aq Aüò AWñBx ô gpül gpül ô AWñBx Aüò Aq AuP×Bkû ô Kõyýló AuQ. AÖrAü{ Gú oô Þññl ìþ Aq ìrôðùBÿ ìÏpôÙ Gú ì¿pÙ Þññlû cw AOßBFGú ð×w, qüHBDþ, qüHBDþ, ð×w, AOßBFGú cw Þññlû ì¿pÙ Gú ìÏpôÙ ìrôðùBÿ Aq Òpôo ô yh¿ýQ ìþ køl ô Glôó yà ôWõk OíBï Aüò g¿BDÀ g¿BDÀ Aüò OíBï ôWõk yà Glôó ô køl ìþ yh¿ýQ ô Òpôo GpAÿ oÂBüQ gBÆpô gõydBèþ Öpk ko qðlâþ GvýBo ìùî AuQ. ko ko AuQ. ìùî GvýBo qðlâþ ko Öpk gõydBèþ gBÆpô oÂBüQ GpAÿ upAup kðýB AÖpAk ìÏpôÙ ô ÚBGê AcPpAï Aq ÆpüÜ ouBðú øBÿ âpôøþ âpôøþ øBÿ ouBðú ÆpüÜ Aq AcPpAï ÚBGê ô ìÏpôÙ AÖpAk kðýB upAup ô GpðBìú øBÿ ìP×BôR Gú ìpkï Aüò KýBï oA ìþ køñl Þú AuP×Bkû Aq Aüò Aüò Aq AuP×Bkû Þú køñl ìþ oA KýBï Aüò ìpkï Gú ìP×BôR øBÿ GpðBìú ô KõyBá ìBoá kAo GpAÿ @ðùB @Gpô ô KpuPýt Gú øípAû gõAøl @ôok ô ô @ôok gõAøl øípAû Gú KpuPýt ô @Gpô @ðùB GpAÿ kAo ìBoá KõyBá Kýzã×PBo ÞBo Gú WBDþ ouýlû Þú ìBoá ô ÚýíQ Þ×{ ô èHBx uýBuPílAoAó uýBuPílAoAó èHBx ô Þ×{ ÚýíQ ô ìBoá Þú ouýlû WBDþ Gú ÞBo ko üà ìñBÊpû uýBuþ ìõÂõÑ kAÕ Opÿ GpAÿ GdU AuQ OB GBôoøBÿ GBôoøBÿ OB AuQ GdU GpAÿ Opÿ kAÕ ìõÂõÑ uýBuþ ìñBÊpû üà ko AðvBðýQ ìrôó AÚP¿Bkÿ, AWPíBÎþ ôuýBuþ @ðùB. @ðùB. ôuýBuþ AWPíBÎþ AÚP¿Bkÿ, oøHp(upkGýo) - ìÛlï ìtâBó ^Ûlo gõJ Gõk Aâp ðýíþ Aq ôÚPþ oA Þú ouBðú øBÿ âpôøþ âpôøþ øBÿ ouBðú Þú oA ôÚPþ Aq ðýíþ Aâp Gõk gõJ ^Ûlo GpAÿ OÏpüØ ô Oõ¾ýØ ìBoá èHBuùBÿ øñpìñlAó ìÏpôÙ,AyhBÁ ìÏpôÙ,AyhBÁ øñpìñlAó èHBuùBÿ ìBoá Oõ¾ýØ ô OÏpüØ GpAÿ Gõoèþ ko koAüô” “oôkDõ ìÏpôÙ øBÿ gýBGBó ko qkó Úlï SpôOíñl ô uýBuPílAoAó ìdHõJ ¾pÙ ìþ Þññl Gú OõÂýe ÞBo ÞBo OõÂýe Gú Þññl ìþ ¾pÙ ìdHõJ uýBuPílAoAó ô SpôOíñl Gú KBoüw, ko èýrû” “yBðrû üB ô “koðýõüõoá, KñXî “gýBGBó øýér, ô glìBR AðvBðþ ôg¿õ¾ýPùBÿ gõJ AgçÚþ @ó AyhBÁ AyhBÁ @ó AgçÚþ gõJ ôg¿õ¾ýPùBÿ AðvBðþ glìBR ô AWñBx AyýBFô küló ìýHhzl. gB¾þ øýXBó ô yõo KýBkû ÎBGp AgP¿BÁ ìþ kAkðl. ìþ AgP¿BÁ GvýBo Aðl, ylû ^ýlû øî ÞñBo uéýÛú ðùBüQ ko ð×ýw,Þú ô qüHB A¾õæ« ko kðýB Aüò AÖpAk ìÏpôÙ,‰GB uõAk, ìpÖú ô üB GpWvPú GpWvPú üB ô ìpÖú uõAk, ìÏpôÙ,‰GB AÖpAk Aüò kðýB ko A¾õæ« ìßBó ìÏpôÙ gýBGBó uú Aüò OñùB küãp Aìpôqû AèHPú ðõAqðl. ^zî øvPñl Þú GB Kýãýpÿ øp ÞBoÿ AðXBï @ó oA ko ìýBó ìpkï ÎBkÿ ouî ouî ÎBkÿ ìpkï ìýBó ko oA @ó AðXBï ÞBoÿ øp Kýãýpÿ GB Þú øvPñl WùBó ðBìþ ÆpAcBó ìrôðùBÿ Opüò yýà ô ìzùõoOpüò AWPíBÑ ìþ Þññlô øíBðÇõo Þú qüHBKõyþ ô AøíýQ kAkó Gú ÊBøp Aq ìýBó @ðùB @ðùB ìýBó Aq ÊBøp Gú kAkó AøíýQ ô qüHBKõyþ Þú øíBðÇõo Þññlô ìþ Oßñõèõsÿ ô ¾ñÏQ Þú OÓýýpAOþ ô KýzpÖPùB ôWõk GB ^õó ðývPñl, ypôÑ yl ô øî AÞñõó AWPíBÎBR âõðBâõó kðýB oA koGp âpÖPú, ‰oÖPBo ‰oÖPBo âpÖPú, koGp oA kðýB âõðBâõó AWPíBÎBR AÞñõó øî ô yl ypôÑ üBÖPò ôkuQ kAyPò GpAÿ AÖpAk gõAuQ ô AuQ, Þpkû AüXBk kðýB ko ô ÞpkAo AðvBðþ ðýr ìýPõAðl OõuÈ @ðùB kðýB âýp yõk. âýp kðýB @ðùB OõuÈ ìýPõAðl ðýr AðvBðþ ÞpkAo ô ìXíôÎú üB ô gýBGBó kðýB øBÿ Þzõo OíBï Gý{ ô Þî øB, GùPpüò Gú ìPBCu×Bðú ko kðýBÿ Aìpôq Þú oÖBû ìBèþ ìþ OõAðl GvýBoÿ Aq Aq GvýBoÿ OõAðl ìþ ìBèþ oÖBû Þú Aìpôq kðýBÿ ko ìPBCu×Bðú ìÏpôÙ ÆpAcBó ìrôðùBÿ Aq @ó ko OõAó ìþ Þú kAoðl oA ÖpôyãBøþ ÞíHõkøB oA WHpAó Þñl, OñùB gB¾ýPþ oA Þú ðíþ OõAó gpülAoÿ Þpk Þpk gpülAoÿ OõAó ðíþ Þú oA gB¾ýPþ OñùB Þñl, WHpAó oA ÞíHõkøB ðíõk. gpülAoÿ oA @ðùB AWñBx üB ô Þpk GBqkül kðýB AðvBðýQ AuQ. Aÿ ÞB} ìrôðþ ko üßþ Aq Aüò gýBGBó øB ô üB ìXíõÎú ìXíõÎú üB ô øB gýBGBó Aüò Aq üßþ ko ìrôðþ ÞB} Aÿ AuQ. AðvBðýQ Kõyýló Oíýr küãpOñùB Aìpôq kðýBÿ ko A¾õæ Þú ðËpìýpul Gú ÖpôyãBû øB ôWõk kAyQ Þú ko @ó ìBoá AðvBðýQ, ¾lAÚQ, ìùp ô ô ìùp ¾lAÚQ, AðvBðýQ, ìBoá @ó ko Þú kAyQ ôWõk øB ÖpôyãBû ,Géßú ðývQ ìùî AÖpAk GpAÿ ôèõAqï@oAü{ èHBx uéýÛú GB AðPhBJ ô kôuPþ Gú Öpô} ìþ ouýl,‰ô ìB ìþ OõAðvPýî GB gpül @ó øíBðÇõo øíBðÇõo @ó gpül GB OõAðvPýî ìþ ìB ouýl,‰ô ìþ Öpô} Gú kôuPþ ko ô , ylû Oùýú ÆpAf ÞlAï ôuýéú Gú Aüñßú ô KõyBá ô èHBx ìBoá Þú GB gpül ÞýØ,‰Þ×{,‰èHBx ô ^ílAó GB ìBoá ÆpAcBó ìÏpôÙ ìÏpôÙ ÆpAcBó ìBoá GB ^ílAó ô ÞýØ,‰Þ×{,‰èHBx gpül GB Þú AuQ. Þpkû KýlA GvýBo AøíýQ ðýr ìýpul Öpô} Gú ÖpôyãBû ÞlAï GpAÿ gõk AcPpAï, yh¿ýQ ô KpuPýt Oùýú ìþ Þñýî GB Kõyýló ô ô Kõyýló GB Þñýî ìþ Oùýú KpuPýt ô yh¿ýQ AcPpAï, gõk GpAÿ èHBx kAgê Þú ìBoÞþ OloüY Gú ânyPú uBë KñXBû Æþ ko AuP×Bkû Aq AWñBx @ó GúìÛBï ôAæÿ AðvBðýQ kuQ üBGýî. Gú â×Pú â×Pú Gú üBGýî. kuQ AðvBðýQ ôAæÿ GúìÛBï @ó AWñBx Aq AuP×Bkû øp ko ô yõk, ìþ külû KõyBá oôÿ ìýãpÖQ ÚpAo ôÞ×{ ÞýØ üB ô yBÎp ô ÖýévõÙ ìdHõJ AüpAðþ “uÏlÿ”: AüpAðþ ìdHõJ ÖýévõÙ ô yBÎp ÆpAcBó ìýãýpk. ÚpAo AWñBx oôÿ Op koyQ ÆpüÛþ Gú Wlülÿ Ö¿ê ìdHõJ ô ^ýpû kuQ øíõAoû uÏþ ìýßññl Þú GB AoADú Æpf øBÿ øBÿ Æpf AoADú GB Þú ìýßññl uÏþ øíõAoû kuQ ^ýpû ô ìdHõJ Oò @kìþ ypüØ AuQ Gú WBó @kìýQ WBó Gú AuQ ypüØ @kìþ Oò ìzPpüBó AuP×Bkû ÚBGê ô gõJ ôkôgPùBÿ oAcQ, ô qüHBOp,ìP×BôR, ðú øíýò èHBx qüHBuQ ðzBó @kìýQ ðzBó qüHBuQ èHBx øíýò ðú kAðñl ìþ ðýr @ðùB ìzPpüBó kAoðl.AèHPú ðãú gpuñl ô oAÂþ oA gõk Þú GB Kõyýló AWñBx ÆpAcBó ìdHõJ gõk ìþ OõAðñl yh¿ýQ yh¿ýQ OõAðñl ìþ gõk ìdHõJ ÆpAcBó AWñBx Kõyýló GB Þú 6 ô ÊBøp gõk oA Aó âõðú Þú ìBüê øvPñlô kôuQ kAoðl Gú WBìÏú ô ô WBìÏú Gú kAoðl kôuQ øvPñlô ìBüê Þú âõðú Aó oA gõk ÊBøp ô Gú Aìýl AÖPPBf “ìrôó AðvBðýQ” “ìrôó AÖPPBf Aìýl Gú Þññl. ÎpÂú gõk AÆpAÖýBó GpAÿ øíú yíB ÎrürAó cñõÞBDþ Kpðõo Kpðõo cñõÞBDþ ÎrürAó yíB øíú GpAÿ cPþ Gh¿õ¾þ ìBoá ô ÆpAf AðPhBJ GB ìpkï Aq GvýBoÿ ô uBë ðõDþ Kp Aq uçìPþ @oqô ìþ Þñî. Þñî. ìþ @oqô uçìPþ Aq Kp ðõDþ uBë ô üB ô AWPíBÎþ ìvBDê Aq GvýBoÿ ko oA gõk ìhBè×Q üB ô KzPýHBðþ uýBuþ kðýB ðzBó ìþ køñl.gpül Aq üà ìrôó ìþ OõAðl ðzBðãp ðzBðãp OõAðl ìþ ìrôó üà Aq køñl.gpül ìþ ðzBó kðýB uýBuþ Aüò GByl Þú ìzPpüBó Gú c×Ì ìdýÈ qüvQ AøíýQ GvýBoÿ ìþ ìþ GvýBoÿ AøíýQ qüvQ ìdýÈ c×Ì Gú ìzPpüBó Þú GByl Aüò køñl ô Kõyýló èHBx Aq üà ÆpAf küãp ìþ OõAðl ðzBðãp Aüò GByl GByl Aüò ðzBðãp OõAðl ìþ küãp ÆpAf üà Aq èHBx Kõyýló ô køñl Þú yhÀ GB ìvBDê ìpkï Þzõo Gh¿õ¾þ AcvBx øílokÿ ìþ ìþ øílokÿ AcvBx Gh¿õ¾þ Þzõo ìpkï ìvBDê GB yhÀ Þú Þñl. üßþ Aq ìõAk ÒnADþ ìùî GpAÿ üùõküBó ìzpÝ qìýò ô ìýroAcþ ko ko ìýroAcþ ô qìýò ìzpÝ üùõküBó GpAÿ ìùî ÒnADþ ìõAk Aq üßþ AüBï Kve AuQ, cBìw cvBJ ìþ yõk . GñBGpAüò Gú Òýp Aq @ó ^ú ^ú @ó Aq Òýp Gú GñBGpAüò . yõk ìþ cvBJ cBìw AuQ, Kve AüBï ÚõAðýò AuBuþ üùõküQ Gú ìB küßPú ìþ Þñl, ðõÑ Öpøñãþ Þú ko @ó @ó ko Þú Öpøñãþ ðõÑ Þñl, ìþ küßPú ìB Gú üùõküQ AuBuþ ÚõAðýò o øBÿ øBÿ o GBô ô øB Aoq} qüBkÿ cl OB Aüî Þpkû oyl ô ylû ìPõèl AWPíBÎþ ô ìnøHþ ìB oA OdQ AèzÏBÑ ÚpAo ìþ køl. køl. ìþ ÚpAo AèzÏBÑ OdQ oA ìB ìnøHþ ô AWPíBÎþ GÇõo cPî Aâp Aüò ^ñýò ðHõk, AìßBó GÛBF ô kôAï üùõküQ ko ko üùõküQ kôAï ô GÛBF AìßBó ðHõk, ^ñýò Aüò Aâp cPî GÇõo Þzõo øBÿ ìhPéØ ôWõk ðlAyQ. küò üùõk üßþ Aq ìÏlôk ìnAøHþ ìnAøHþ ìÏlôk Aq üßþ üùõk küò ðlAyQ. ôWõk ìhPéØ øBÿ Þzõo AuQ Þú AðÏÇBÙ ô ÞñXßBôÿ oA ko ìýBó KýpôAó gõk OzõüÜ ìþ ìþ OzõüÜ gõk KýpôAó ìýBó ko oA ÞñXßBôÿ ô AðÏÇBÙ Þú AuQ Þñl ô ko Îýò cBë AOdBk ô øî GvPãþ ô KzPýHBðþ Aq üßlüãp oA ko ko oA üßlüãp Aq KzPýHBðþ ô GvPãþ øî ô AOdBk cBë Îýò ko ô Þñl AWpADþ øýBCR oDýw KýBï kuPõoAR gõk OpôüY ìýløl. ìýløl. OpôüY gõk kuPõoAR ìBüùõküBó AüpAðþ Þú Kw Aq AðÛçJ Auçìþ, ^ú gõAuPú ô ô gõAuPú ^ú Auçìþ, AðÛçJ Aq Kw Þú AüpAðþ ìBüùõküBó ðËpüBó ìñõ^ùp @ÚBÿ ^ú ðBgõAuPú, Aq Þzõoÿ Þú ko @ó ìPõèl ylüî Gú @ìpüßBô Þzõo Þzõo @ìpüßBô Gú ylüî ìPõèl @ó ko Þú Þzõoÿ Aq ðBgõAuPú, ^ú øBÿ ÒpGþ küãp Þõb Þpküî, GB Aoq} øBÿ Öpøñãþ ô AWPíBÎþ ÞBìç ÞBìç AWPíBÎþ ô Öpøñãþ øBÿ Aoq} GB Þpküî, Þõb küãp ÒpGþ øBÿ ìP×BôR oôGpô ylû Aüî. GvýBoÿ AqìB GpAÿ KýzpÖQ ô GÛBF gõk ko ko gõk GÛBF ô KýzpÖQ GpAÿ AqìB GvýBoÿ Aüî. ylû oôGpô ìP×BôR Aï gBðõAkû GB Þú qìBðþ Aq Þzõo ìýrGBó,Þú Gú OloüY Gú gBðú A¾éþ ìB OHlüê ylû, gýéþ qôk qôk gýéþ ylû, OHlüê ìB A¾éþ gBðú Gú OloüY Gú ìýrGBó,Þú Þzõo øp Þpkï, ìùBWpR @ìpüßB Gú o ânAyPú ô ô ânAyPú o ÞñB oA gõk Öpøñãþ øBÿ Aoq} ô ânyPú øBÿ oAû ô øB oô} Ößp Gú “ “cñõÞB AüBï ko uBë kôoû Odéýê ko Öpøñä Wlül oA ypôÑ Þpkû Aüî. Þpkû ypôÑ oA Wlül Öpøñä ko Odéýê kôoû Wzò Aüò Þú ìP×BôOþ ðdõû GB ôWõk Aüñßú OÓýýp üà Aìp AWPñBJ ðBKnüp AuQ, OÓýýp Glôó Glôó OÓýýp AuQ, ðBKnüp AWPñBJ Aìp üà OÓýýp Aüñßú ôWõk GB ìþ GpârAo AüpAó ko oA ânoAðló üà kôoû AðPÛBèþ ìþ OõAðl ÎõAÚI GvýBo ðBâõAo GB gõk Gú Gú gõk GB ðBâõAo GvýBo ÎõAÚI OõAðl ìþ AðPÛBèþ kôoû üà ânoAðló ô @ìpüßB ko AÖPî. ìþ Þpküî øípAû GýBôok. ko AüpAó, üà üùõkÿ, üùõkÿ Gõk, ô GB ôWõk ìdpôìýQ ìdpôìýQ ôWõk GB ô Gõk, üùõkÿ üùõkÿ, üà AüpAó, ko GýBôok. øípAû Þú ÒpGþ øBÿ Þzõo küãp øBDþ Þú Aq @ó GpgõokAo Gõk ô øíýzú Gú ÎñõAó üà AÚéýQ ìdlôk ko ko ìdlôk AÚéýQ üà ÎñõAó Gú øíýzú ô Gõk GpgõokAo @ó Aq Þú øBDþ uBë ô Þpüvíw AüBï @ó ko Þzõoÿ Þú ko @ó Gú kðýB @ìlû Gõk qðlâþ ìþ Þpk, øõüQ ô Aoq} Aoq} ô øõüQ Þpk, ìþ qðlâþ Gõk @ìlû kðýB Gú @ó ko Þú Þzõoÿ ô Wzò ÎñõAó Gú ìýçkÿ ðõ øBÿ Öpøñãþ gõk oA ìþ yñBgQ ô @ó oA Gú ÖpqðlAð{ @ìõq} ìþ ìþ @ìõq} ÖpqðlAð{ Gú oA @ó ô yñBgQ ìþ oA gõk Öpøñãþ øBÿ cvBJ Gú Îíõìþ OÏÇýçR kAk. cPþ Aâp Öpkÿ üà üB kô GBo ko uBë Gú ÞñývB ìþ oÖQ, üùõkÿ üùõkÿ oÖQ, ìþ ÞñývB Gú uBë ko GBo kô üB üà Öpkÿ Aâp cPþ kAk. ô yõo GB ìpkï ô , ìýBül Gõkð{ OõuÈ WBìÏú ô cPþ gõk Aô qüp uEõAë ÚpAo ðíþ âpÖQ, ô ô âpÖQ, ðíþ ÚpAo uEõAë qüp Aô gõk cPþ ô WBìÏú OõuÈ Gõkð{ @ó AuPÛHBë Gú GvýBo øýXBó AcvBx ìþ Þpk Þú Gú WBìÏú gõkOÏéÜ kAok. gõkOÏéÜ WBìÏú Gú Þú Þpk ìþ AcvBx AuQ. GpgõokAo gB¾þ AøíýQ Aq ðýr cñõÞB Îýl oôðl ìþ ko Þzõo @ìpüßB GvýBoÿ Aq gBðõAkû øB ko ìýBó ÆHÛú Gñlÿ øBÿ øBÿ Gñlÿ ÆHÛú ìýBó ko øB gBðõAkû Aq GvýBoÿ @ìpüßB Þzõo ko gBðõAkû Kve, ìõDl øñãBï Þú Gõk Aüò Gp ouî AüpAó ko ìnøHþ Þú ko @ó ôWõk kAok OB clÿ WB ô ìßBó gõk oA âî Þpkû Aðl. GB GB Aðl. Þpkû âî oA gõk ìßBó ô WB clÿ OB kAok ôWõk @ó ko Þú ìnøHþ Gú l GBqkü ô kül GpAÿ ô Þpkðl ìþ Glë ô ok ølüú üùõkÿ øBÿ ôWõk @qAkÿ ô OvBôÿ cÛõÚþ Þú ko ìýBó ìpkï @ìpüßB, Glôó ko ðËp ðËp ko Glôó @ìpüßB, ìpkï ìýBó ko Þú cÛõÚþ OvBôÿ ô @qAkÿ ôWõk WlA AüpAðþ, üùõküBó GpAÿ Kve ìõDl AøíýQ ìýpÖPñl. ìñBqëüßlüãp âpÖPò ðtAk, ìnøI, ôüB GBôo øBÿ uýBuþ, ôWõk kAok, GvýBoÿ Aq Aq GvýBoÿ kAok, ôWõk uýBuþ, øBÿ GBôo ôüB ìnøI, ðtAk, âpÖPò Gõk. ðõoôq Îýl GB ð{ Gõk ì¿BkÙ @ó, OBoühþ ô ìnøHþ ìpAuî Aq ìùBWpüò AüpAðþ GB AOßBF Gú øõ} ô mÞBôR gõk ko Aüò Þzõo gýéþ gýéþ Þzõo Aüò ko gõk mÞBôR ô øõ} Gú AOßBF GB AüpAðþ ìùBWpüò AuQ ylû GBÎU Þpüvíw GB cñõÞB Gõkó ì¿BkÙ Þú Æõo øíBó qôk KýzpÖQ Þpkû Aðl. Aq ÆpÙ küãp Gú kèýê ìdpôìýQ øBDþ Þú Gú Gú Þú øBDþ ìdpôìýQ kèýê Gú küãp ÆpÙ Aq Aðl. Þpkû KýzpÖQ qôk oA gõk ìñBqë ô Þññl Glë ô ok ølüú AüBï Aüò ko @ìpüßB üùõküBó Þú ÎñõAó üà AÚéýQ ìnøHþ ko AüpAó Þzýlû Gõkû Aðl,ô ko Aüò Þzõo Þzõo Aüò ko Aðl,ô Gõkû Þzýlû AüpAó ko ìnøHþ AÚéýQ üà ÎñõAó køñl. qüñQ ìh¿õÁ OrDýñBR ô oðãþ øBÿ GB^pAÕ Aüò ìvBDê ÞíPp ôWõk kAok , ìdýÈ qðlâþ oA GpAÿ ÖpqðlAó gõk gõk ÖpqðlAó GpAÿ oA qðlâþ ìdýÈ , kAok ôWõk ÞíPp ìvBDê Aüò Aüò AupADýê, Þzõo ko üùõküBó ôWõk ô Agýp uBë 06 Aq WlA 7 Aüò Þú ¾õoOþ Gú Aðl. uBgPú @ë Aülû ô oAcQ AìßBó cl @gpüò OB , ìnøHþ AÚéýQ üà ÎñõAó Gú kðýB ìhPéØ øBÿ Þzõo ko øíýzú Úõï WõAðBó ko GùPpüò ìpAÞr @ìõqyþ koWBR GBæÿ Od¿ýéþ ìþ âýpðl âýpðl ìþ Od¿ýéþ GBæÿ koWBR @ìõqyþ ìpAÞr GùPpüò ko WõAðBó GBôWõk AuQ. Þpkû qðlâþ ylû ìPõèl @ó ko Þú Þzõoÿ ÚõAðýò ÆHÜ Lpÿìþ Lpÿìþ u oA gõk WõAðþ ô ðõWõAðþ kôoAó ìBèþ oÖBû ðùBüQ ko ô AoqyùBÿ AüíBó, ô oüzú üà Gú ìÏPÛl ô øvPýî üùõkÿ ìB øíûC Aüñßú Þññl, AìB KBÿ Gñl øýa âõðú Aoq} Öpøñãþ ô AWPíBÎþ ðývPñl. ^õó ^õó ðývPñl. AWPíBÎþ ô Öpøñãþ Aoq} âõðú øýa Gñl KBÿ AìB Þññl, o GvýB O×BôR øî GB üùõkÿ ìhPéØ WõAìÐ Öpøñãþ ô AWPíBÎþ Gú @ðùB @ðùB Gú Aðl @ôokû gõk øípAû Gú AüpAó Aq ôAèlüñzBó oAÞú øBDþ Aoq} øp Þú Þññl ìþ OBCÞýl ìõÂõÑ Aüò Gp øíõAoû ìnøHþ oøHpAó kAoðl. OÏéýî kAkû ðzlû ô ko Îýò cBë ôAèlüò @ðùB AoqyùBÿ Öpøñãþ Aüò Aüò Öpøñãþ AoqyùBÿ @ðùB ôAèlüò cBë Îýò ko ô ðzlû kAkû OÏéýî ko Þú oA Öpøñãþ øBÿ Aoq} AÖPhBo ô @qAkÿ GB GBül üùõkÿ WBìÏú Þzõo oA ðýr øñõq ÚHõë ðßpkû Aðl ô Gú ÖpqðlAó gõk üBk ðlAkû Aðl. GñB GñB Aðl. ðlAkû üBk gõk ÖpqðlAó Gú ô Aðl ðßpkû ÚHõë øñõq ðýr oA Þzõo cñõÞB, âpÖPò Wzò ðdõû Aq WlA Þñl. kðHBë âpÖPú üBk gõk Þzõo GpAüò ko qðlâþ ìÏñõÿ ô AWPìBÎþ Aüò WõAðBó ðõÎþ gçC ôWõk kAok kAok ôWõk gçC ðõÎþ WõAðBó Aüò AWPìBÎþ ô ìÏñõÿ qðlâþ ko GpAüò OõuÈ øzBðB oô} ô Kve AüBï ko Þú øBDþ ÒnA ô øB gõoAÞþ ðõÑ Þú GBÎU ìþ yõk ko ðùBüQ ìõÖÛýQ ÊBøpÿ, ðõÎþ uùê AðãBoÿ ô Gþ Gþ ô AðãBoÿ uùê ðõÎþ ÊBøpÿ, ìõÖÛýQ ðùBüQ ko yõk ìþ GBÎU Þú ìP×BôR GvýBo ðýr yõk ìþ AuP×Bkû ìhPéØ ÞzõoøBÿ ko üùõküBó ìvôCèýPþ Aq gõk ðzBó køñl ô GBÎU kok up gõk ô AÆpAÖýBó yõðl. yõðl. AÆpAÖýBó ô gõk up kok GBÎU ô køñl ðzBó gõk Aq ìvôCèýPþ Þú , GpðY , AyßñBqÿ ô AoôKBDþ üùõküBó ìýBó ko ìTBë GpAÿ øvPñl. gõyHhPBðú uBqìBó øBÿ ìP×BôOþ Þú ko upAup @ìpüßB @ìpüßB upAup ko Þú ìP×BôOþ øBÿ uBqìBó gõyHhPBðú uÏþ uÏþ ðõÎþ Gú ÞlAï øp Aðl, ylû Ozßýê AüpAðþ üùõküBó OõuÈ Aq ìýBó ìýBó Aq ko ô Þññl øB ÞíHõk Aüò ìPõWú oA WBìÏú ìpkï Þú kAoðl GpkAyPò @ðùB Gßõyñl. Aüò GBÎU gõyHhPþ GvýBo AuQ Þú ìB Gú Gú ìB Þú AuQ GvýBo gõyHhPþ GBÎU Aüò Gßõyñl. @ðùB GpkAyPò upqìýñþ ìùBWpR Þpkû Aüî, Þú Aìpôq ko@óAÖpAk Aq øp ðtAk ô ìnøHþ ìnøHþ ô ðtAk øp Aq ko@óAÖpAk Aìpôq Þú Aüî, Þpkû ìùBWpR upqìýñþ uíQ øBÿ ìùî uýBuþ ô AWPíBÎþ oA Îùlû kAo øvPñl ô kìõÞpAuþ kìõÞpAuþ ô øvPñl kAo Îùlû oA AWPíBÎþ ô uýBuþ ìùî øBÿ uíQ ô OvBôÿ cÛõÝ ko @ó ÞBìç ìõWõk AuQ. ìBðýr ìþ OõAðýî Aq OíBï OíBï Aq OõAðýî ìþ ìBðýr AuQ. ìõWõk ÞBìç @ó ko cÛõÝ OvBôÿ ô ìõøHBR ô qüHBDþ øBÿ Aüò upqìýò AuP×Bkû Þñýî, AìB Gú ypÆþ Þú ypÆþ Gú AìB Þñýî, AuP×Bkû upqìýò Aüò øBÿ qüHBDþ ô ìõøHBR AgHBo ÖloAuýõó AgHBo oô} üà âpÖPò üBk Aq ÚHê Þú ðlôüî OÓýýp kðHBë Gú upÎQ GB @ð`ñBó ¾dýe ô Wlül, oAû ôoô} gõk oA Aq üBk GHpüî ô Gú WBÿ uBgPò üà üà uBgPò WBÿ Gú ô GHpüî üBk Aq oA gõk ôoô} oAû Wlül, ô ¾dýe üùõküBó AüpAðþ ÞBèý×pðýB AüpAðþ üùõküBó Þñýî. OHBû oA ðvéþ qðlâþ ÖpqðlAðíBó, GpAÿ GùPp qðlâþ GB Aìýl Aüñßú uBë ðõ ìýçkÿ ô AüBï cñõÞB GpAÿ Þéýú øíõÆñBó øíõÆñBó Þéýú GpAÿ cñõÞB AüBï ô ìýçkÿ ðõ uBë Aüñßú Aìýl GB Îrür ô üùõküBó ko upAup kðýB uBèþ Kp Aq ðõo ô Aìýl ô oôyñBDþ oôyñBDþ ô Aìýl ô ðõo Aq Kp uBèþ kðýB upAup ko üùõküBó ô Îrür OÓýýp oüBuQ øýBCR AìñBF øýBCR oüBuQ OÓýýp GByl.

o AÞTpüQ AÎÃBF AÎÃBF AÞTpüQ o cÃõ GB Aÿ Wévú Æþ 8002, AÞPHp ìBû ko øýBCR AìñBF ÖloAuýõó üùõküBó AüpAðþ ÞBèý×pðýB,‰@ÚBÿ uéýíBó uéýíBó ÞBèý×pðýB,‰@ÚBÿ AüpAðþ üùõküBó ÖloAuýõó AìñBF øýBCR ouPãBo, oDýw Kýzýò øýBCR AWpADþ Aüò uBqìBó ô ÚBDî ìÛBï oDýw oDýw ìÛBï ÚBDî ô uBqìBó Aüò AWpADþ øýBCR Kýzýò oDýw ouPãBo, øýBCR AìñBF ko kôoû ânyPú, Gú AÞTpüQ @oA Gú ÎñõAó oDýw Wlül Wlül oDýw ÎñõAó Gú @oA AÞTpüQ Gú ânyPú, kôoû ko AìñBF øýBCR kôoû KñXî øýBCR AìñBF uBqìBó AðPhBJ ylðl. AðPhBJ uBqìBó AìñBF øýBCR KñXî kôoû ko ìBû @ôoüê 8002 Æþ AðPhBGBOþ Þú GpAÿ AðPhBJ AÎÃBF AÎÃBF AðPhBJ GpAÿ Þú AðPhBGBOþ Æþ 8002 @ôoüê ìBû ko ô oDýw kôoû KñXî øýBCR AìñBF ÖloAuýõó üùõküBó AüpAðþ ÞBèý×pðýB ÞBèý×pðýB AüpAðþ üùõküBó ÖloAuýõó AìñBF øýBCR KñXî kôoû oDýw ô AðXBï yl,‰@ÚBÿ kAoüõ} küBó, üßþ Aq AÖpAk ÖÏBë ô gýp WBìÏú WBìÏú gýp ô ÖÏBë AÖpAk Aq üßþ küBó, kAoüõ} yl,‰@ÚBÿ AðXBï ÂºHoÄH ·IÄj¼¿Ä ·¼ÃwHnkÎ nj üùõkÿ AüpAðþ, Gú AÞTpüQ @oA Gú ÎñõAó oDýw øýBCR AìñBF AðPhBJ AðPhBJ AìñBF øýBCR oDýw ÎñõAó Gú @oA AÞTpüQ Gú AüpAðþ, üùõkÿ oÿº 450 yÄI\¹¬ IM ylðl. ìPBCu×Bðú ko ìBû ânyPú Gú kèýê ôWõk AgPçÙ ðËp ô uéýÛú uéýÛú ô ðËp AgPçÙ ôWõk kèýê Gú ânyPú ìBû ko ìPBCu×Bðú ylðl. ½¼§{IM » ÂGI¹XTwH ÂºI§¶ ko ÖÏBèýQ øBÿ ÖloAuýõó üùõküBó AüpAðþ ô ^ãõðãþ ouýló Gú Gú ouýló ^ãõðãþ ô AüpAðþ üùõküBó ÖloAuýõó øBÿ ÖÏBèýQ ko Iµ{ ÁI¿¹z] » ´wHo¶ ÁnHq¬oM ÁHoM AølAÙ @ó, @ÚBÿ kAoüõ} küBó O¿íýî âpÖPñl Þú Aq K³vQ gõk ÞñBoû ÞñBoû gõk K³vQ Aq Þú âpÖPñl O¿íýî küBó kAoüõ} @ÚBÿ @ó, AølAÙ âýpÿ Þññl. âýpÿ Gú kogõAuQ ô A¾pAo AÎÃBF øýBCR AìñBF, @ÚBÿ uéýíBó uéýíBó @ÚBÿ AìñBF, øýBCR AÎÃBF A¾pAo ô kogõAuQ Gú ouPãBo, GpAÿ AkAìú AOdBk ô øíßBoÿ ko Aüò uBqìBó ô ÞBoGpk Gþ Gþ ÞBoGpk ô uBqìBó Aüò ko øíßBoÿ ô AOdBk AkAìú GpAÿ ouPãBo, pkðl. pkðl. Þ ÚHõë oA AìñBF øýBCR oüBuQ WBìÏú, ko @ó AølAÙ ôÚ×ú ÖloAuýõó üùõküBó AüpAðþ øí`ñBó GB KzPýHBðþ glìPãrAoAó ô ô glìPãrAoAó KzPýHBðþ GB øí`ñBó AüpAðþ üùõküBó ÖloAuýõó kôuPlAoAó WBìÏú ÖÏBèýQ øBÿ gõk oA GpAÿ KýzHpk WBìÏú üùõkÿ üùõkÿ WBìÏú KýzHpk GpAÿ oA gõk øBÿ ÖÏBèýQ WBìÏú kôuPlAoAó AüpAðþ AkAìú gõAøl kAk. gõAøl AkAìú AüpAðþ 8 ÖÏBèýQ ^zî âýp GBðõAó ÖloAuýõó üùõküBó AüpAðþ üùõküBó ÖloAuýõó GBðõAó âýp ^zî ÖÏBèýQ

ko kôoû Wlül øýBCR AWpAüþ ÖloAuýõó üùõküBó AüpAðþ- AüpAðþ- üùõküBó ÖloAuýõó AWpAüþ øýBCR Wlül kôoû ko ÞBèý×pðýB, gBðî yùç WBôkAó,‰ üßþ Aq GBðõAó ÖÏBë, yBüvPú ô kèvõq kèvõq ô yBüvPú ÖÏBë, GBðõAó Aq üßþ WBôkAó,‰ yùç gBðî ÞBèý×pðýB, WBìÏú, oüBuQ ÞíýPú GBðõAó Aüò uBqìBó oA Gú Îùlû âpÖPñl. gBðî gBðî âpÖPñl. Îùlû Gú oA uBqìBó Aüò GBðõAó ÞíýPú oüBuQ WBìÏú, WBôkAó Þú uBGÛú øíßBoÿ Þî ðËýpÿ GB AðõAÑ uBqìBó øBÿ gýpüú gýpüú øBÿ uBqìBó AðõAÑ GB ðËýpÿ Þî øíßBoÿ uBGÛú Þú WBôkAó oTzÃM RIø°öH Kv¨ ÁHoM SÃµwH I¶oÄH ´ºIi IM ô ÒýpAðP×BÎþ @ìpüßBüþ ô AüpAðþ kAoðl, GB cvò ðýQ GvýBo O¿íýî O¿íýî GvýBo ðýQ cvò GB kAoðl, AüpAðþ ô @ìpüßBüþ ÒýpAðP×BÎþ ô (323) 656 -2142 ¸ÿ±U IM âpÖPñl Þú GpAÿ Aôèýò GpðBìú, ko oAû AüXBk AOdBk ô ìdßî Op Þpkó Op ìdßî ô AOdBk AüXBk oAû ko GpðBìú, Aôèýò GpAÿ Þú âpÖPñl .kÃGI¶oÎ ®ÅIe tIµU ylû Gõk ô GB øíßBoÿ ypÞPùBÿ ÒnAüþ ìhPéØ, ðíõðú øBüþ Aq ìõAk ìõAk Aq øBüþ ðíõðú ìhPéØ, ÒnAüþ ypÞPùBÿ øíßBoÿ GB ô Gõk ylû ÒnADþ uBèî GÇõo oAüãBó Gú ypÞQ ÞññlâBó ÎpÂú ìþ yl.ÒpÖú yl.ÒpÖú ìþ ÎpÂú ÞññlâBó ypÞQ Gú oAüãBó GÇõo uBèî ÒnADþ øBÿ èHBx ô ôuBDê qüñPþ ðýr GpAÿ AuP×Bkû ypÞQ ÞññlâBó ko üßþ üßþ ko ÞññlâBó ypÞQ AuP×Bkû GpAÿ ðýr qüñPþ ôuBDê ô èHBx øBÿ Aq uBèñùB kADp Gõk. kADp uBèñùB Aq ko øíýò yíBoû ðzpüú “yõÖBo” Æþ ì¿BcHú Aÿ GB gBðî yHñî yHñî gBðî GB Aÿ ì¿BcHú Æþ “yõÖBo” ðzpüú yíBoû øíýò ko üñlû @ó @ó üñlû @ øBÿ GpðBìú ô ÞíýPú Aüò ÖÏBèýPùBÿ ìõok ko ÞýíýBGh{ ârAoyþ kÚýÜ Op ^BN ylû AuQ. ylû ^BN Op kÚýÜ ârAoyþ

oôAGÈ kôuPþ ìýBó OíBï uBqìBó øBÿ ÖÏBë GBðõAó ko ÞBèý×pðýB, ÞBèý×pðýB, ko GBðõAó ÖÏBë øBÿ uBqìBó OíBï ìýBó kôuPþ oôAGÈ Wévú Aÿ GB cÃõo OíBï Aüò GBðõAó ÖÏBë Ozßýê køñl. Ozßýê ÖÏBë GBðõAó Aüò OíBï cÃõo GB Aÿ Wévú ÞíýPú GBðõAó GBðõAó ÞíýPú 8002,AÎÃBF 32uLPBìHp yñHú uú oôq ko ÖloAuýõó, ko üà GpðBìú ðBøBo ìýrGBó Gý{ Aq 002 ð×p Aq GBðõAó ÖÏBë ÖÏBë GBðõAó Aq ð×p 002 Aq Gý{ ìýrGBó ðBøBo GpðBìú üà ko ÖloAuýõó, WBìÏú üùõkÿ AüpAðþ ô oôCuB ô AÎÃBF uBqìBó øBÿ ìhPéØ GBðõAó GBðõAó ìhPéØ øBÿ uBqìBó AÎÃBF ô oôCuB ô AüpAðþ üùõkÿ WBìÏú WBìÏú Gõkðl. ko Aüò âpkøî @üþ gBðî yùç WBôkAó Æþ uhñBó gõk gõk uhñBó Æþ WBôkAó yùç gBðî @üþ âpkøî Aüò ko Gõkðl. WBìÏú AÊùBo kAyPñl Þú øíßBoÿ ô øíýBoÿ ko uÇe AWPíBÎþ GùPpüò oAû oAû GùPpüò AWPíBÎþ uÇe ko øíýBoÿ ô øíßBoÿ Þú kAyPñl AÊùBo GpAÿ ÞvI ìõÖÛýQ ô KýzHpk WBìÏú AuQ. AüzBó Aq oôCuBÿ OíBï OíBï oôCuBÿ Aq AüzBó AuQ. WBìÏú KýzHpk ô ìõÖÛýQ ÞvI GpAÿ uBqìBó øB kÎõR Þpkðl Þú koGBoû uBqìBó gõk ô AølAÙ @ó ¾dHQ ¾dHQ @ó AølAÙ ô gõk uBqìBó koGBoû Þú Þpkðl kÎõR øB uBqìBó Þññl. ko KBüBó GpðBìú OíBï ypÞQ ÞññlâBó G¿õoR ÞPHþ ðËpüBR ðËpüBR ÞPHþ G¿õoR ÞññlâBó ypÞQ OíBï GpðBìú KBüBó ko Þññl. ó ko cê cê ko ó OõA ìþ ^ãõðú Aüñßú ô WBìÏú ìùî ìvBDê ìõok ko oA gõk @ðùB ì×ýl ôAÚÐ yl GB üßlüãp koìýBó ânAyPñl. Aüò âpkøî @üþ Úlìþ Úlìþ @üþ âpkøî Aüò ânAyPñl. koìýBó üßlüãp GB yl ôAÚÐ ì×ýl @ðùB GvýBo ìùî ô ìTHQ GpAÿ AkAìú AOdBk ô kôuPþ ìýBó OìBï uBqìBó øB øB uBqìBó OìBï ìýBó kôuPþ ô AOdBk AkAìú GpAÿ ìTHQ ô ìùî GvýBo âpkøî @üþ ô ô @üþ âpkøî Aüò Aq Opÿ kÚýÜ ârAo} AuQ. Gõkû WBìÏú glìPãrAoAó ô ÖÏBèýQ ÞíýPú GBðõAó ÖloAuýõó üùõküBó AüpAðþ ko ÚvíQ Aðãéývþ Aðãéývþ ÚvíQ ko AüpAðþ üùõküBó ÖloAuýõó GBðõAó ÞíýPú ÖÏBèýQ øíýò yíBoû ðzpüú “yõÖBo” Gú ^BN ouýlû AuQ. ouýlû ^BN Gú “yõÖBo” ðzpüú yíBoû øíýò oôq uçìPþ qó uçìPþ oôq

þ ô OñlouPþ OñlouPþ ô þ uçìP ÞíýPú 8002, AÞPHp 62 üßzñHú oôq 9 ÞýíýBGh{, yHñî gBðî oøHpÿ Gú AüpAðþ, üùõküBó ÖloAuýõó uíýñBo “oôq uçìPþ qó” oA ko uBgPíBó ìpÞr üùõküBó AüpAðþ AüpAðþ üùõküBó ìpÞr uBgPíBó ko oA qó” uçìPþ “oôq uíýñBo GpârAo Þpkðl. GpârAo Aüò uíýñBo Þú GpAÿ @âBû Þpkó GBðõAó Aq ìvBDê Kryßþ Kryßþ ìvBDê Aq GBðõAó Þpkó @âBû GpAÿ Þú uíýñBo Aüò ô uæìPþ ìpGõÉ Gú qðBó GpðBìú oürÿ ylû Gõk, GB øíßBoÿ ðrküà ðrküà øíßBoÿ GB Gõk, ylû oürÿ GpðBìú qðBó Gú ìpGõÉ uæìPþ ô gBðî Aèùú Gpôgýî ô küãp AÎÃBF ÖÏBë ÞíýPú uçìPþ ô OñlouPþ OñlouPþ ô uçìPþ ÞíýPú ÖÏBë AÎÃBF küãp ô Gpôgýî Aèùú gBðî GpârAo yl. Gý{ Aq 009 GBðõÿ AüpAðþ ko uíýñBoøBÿ @âBøþ køñlû køñlû @âBøþ uíýñBoøBÿ ko AüpAðþ GBðõÿ 009 Aq Gý{ yl. GpârAo Aüò GpðBìú Þú OõuÈ KryßBó ô ìPh¿¿ýò AWpA ìþ yl ypÞQ ypÞQ yl ìþ AWpA ìPh¿¿ýò ô KryßBó OõuÈ Þú GpðBìú Aüò Þpkðl.Gú Òýp Aq uhñpAðþ ÞBoyñBuBó ko Æþ oôq ko uBèò øBÿ øBÿ uBèò ko oôq Æþ ko ÞBoyñBuBó uhñpAðþ Aq Òýp Þpkðl.Gú küãp OBGéõøB ô ÞBoøBÿ qüHBÿ y{ ðÛB} øñpìñl Gú ðíBü{ ânAyPú ânAyPú ðíBü{ Gú øñpìñl ðÛB} y{ qüHBÿ ÞBoøBÿ ô OBGéõøB küãp kôuPlAoAó ìdPpï ðzpüú yõÖBo: ðzpüú ìdPpï kôuPlAoAó 52| uBë Aq^BN ìXéú “yõÖBo” ðzpüú ÖloAuýõó üùõküBó AüpAðþ ìþ|ânok. GB uLBx AqKzPýHBðþ, øípAøþ ôOzõüÜ yíB ôOzõüÜ øípAøþ AqKzPýHBðþ, uLBx GB ìþ|ânok. AüpAðþ üùõküBó ÖloAuýõó ðzpüú “yõÖBo” ìXéú Aq^BN uBë 52| gõAðñlâBó Îrür koÆþ Aüò uBèùB AqyíB kogõAuQ ìþ|Þñýî GpAÿ Þíà koørüñú Aüò ðzpüú clAÚê ìHéÔ 63 kæokouBë 63 ìHéÔ clAÚê ðzpüú Aüò koørüñú Þíà GpAÿ ìþ|Þñýî kogõAuQ AqyíB uBèùB Aüò koÆþ Îrür gõAðñlâBó Gú ÖloAuýõó üùõküBó AüpAðþ ølüú Þñýl. ølAüBÿ yíB ìzíõë ìÏBÖýQ ìBèýBOþ gõAøl Gõk ôAyPpAá uBèýBðú AouBë ìpOI AouBë uBèýBðú ôAyPpAá Gõk gõAøl ìBèýBOþ ìÏBÖýQ ìzíõë yíB ølAüBÿ Þñýl. ølüú AüpAðþ üùõküBó ÖloAuýõó Gú “yõÖBo” oA Gú @kox mÞpylû koÖpï KBDýò OÃíýò gõAøl Þpk. gõAøl OÃíýò KBDýò koÖpï mÞpylû @kox Gú oA “yõÖBo” Dear Friends of Shofar:

In the past 25 years, "Shofar", the publication of Iranian-American Jewish Federation, has served as an integral means of communication within the Iranian- American Jewish Community. In order to continue our mission of informing and bringing our community closer together, we need your help. Your tax deductible donation of $36 per year will help us reduce our budget deficit and guarantee your prompt receipt of the publication. Please fill out the form below and mail it to the Iranian -American Jewish Federation.

Name: ______Address: ______E-Mail: ______Gift Amount: $ ______

noitacilbuP rafohS noitacilbuP 7131 .N tnecserC sthgieH tseW,.dvlB ,doowylloH AC 64009 0074-456 )323( 0074-456

ko oyPú ìlüpüQ ô OõuÏú GBqo âBðþ âpÖPú Aï. ko Æþ uBë øB Gú Gú øB uBë Æþ ko Aï. âpÖPú âBðþ GBqo OõuÏú ô ìlüpüQ oyPú ko ÎñõAó ìzBôoGBqoâBðþ ÞBo Þpkû Aï ô øí`ñBó GB øívpï ko ÞBo} ÞBo} ko øívpï GB øí`ñBó ô Aï Þpkû ÞBo ìzBôoGBqoâBðþ ÎñõAó øíßBoÿ ìþ Þñî. ko uBë ânyPú Gú kAðzãBû GpâzPî ô Æþ üà kôoû kôoû üà Æþ ô GpâzPî kAðzãBû Gú ânyPú uBë ko Þñî. ìþ øíßBoÿ Od¿ýéþ ô ÞBo@ìõqÿ ÞõOBû ìlR,küLéî ô AWBqû ÞBo Gú ÎñõAó “ìpGþ “ìpGþ ÎñõAó Gú ÞBo AWBqû ô ìlR,küLéî ÞõOBû ÞBo@ìõqÿ ô Od¿ýéþ ÞBo ô qðlâþ” ô Gú Úõë @ìpüßBDþ øB oA âpÖPî. oyPú oyPú âpÖPî. oA “Life Coach” øB @ìpüßBDþ Úõë Gú ô qðlâþ” ô ÞBo GvýBo WBèI ô OÛpüHB OBqû Aÿ AuQ, Þú Æþ @ó ko O¿íýî âýpÿ øB ô ô øB âýpÿ O¿íýî ko @ó Æþ Þú AuQ, Aÿ OBqû OÛpüHB ô WBèI GvýBo Aq ìýBó GpkAyPò ìõAðÐ GpAÿ ouýló Gú ølÖþ ko qðlâþ Gú ìpAWÏýò ìpAWÏýò Gú qðlâþ ko ølÖþ Gú ouýló GpAÿ ìõAðÐ GpkAyPò ìýBó Aq üBoÿ ìþ køýî ô GB @ðùB ìzBôoû ìþ Þñýî. ko cBë cBÂp ìzÓõë ìzÓõë cBÂp cBë ko Þñýî. ìþ ìzBôoû @ðùB GB ô køýî ìþ üBoÿ Gh{ ÞýíýB yHñî GB â×Pãõ OÏéýî ô ìzBôoû GBküãp kAðzXõüBó ko Aüò oyPú ðýr øvPî. øvPî. ðýr oyPú Aüò ko kAðzXõüBó GBküãp ìzBôoû ô OÏéýî ÖloAuýõó OñlouPþ ô uçìPþ ÞíýPú oDýw ko ^ú uñþ AüpAó oA Opá Þpkül ô @üB ko AüpAó ðýr ÖÏBèýQ øBÿ øBÿ ÖÏBèýQ ðýr AüpAó ko @üB ô Þpkül Opá oA AüpAó uñþ ^ú ko ÞBèý×pðýB AüpAðþ üùõküBó Aq : Öpðõ} AGpüzíþ Öpðõ} : Aq AWPíBÎþ ô øíßBoÿ GB uBqìBó øBÿ gýpüú kAyPýl? gýpüú øBÿ uBqìBó GB øíßBoÿ ô AWPíBÎþ ko uò 71 uBèãþ AüpAó oA Opá Þpkï ô GBül Gãõüî Þú ìPBCu×Bðú, ìPBCu×Bðú, Þú Gãõüî GBül ô Þpkï Opá oA AüpAó uBèãþ 71 uò ko ï kAð{ ï øñãB ôìlouú gBðú øBÿ AðXíò ko Þú øBDþ ÖÏBèýQ Aq WlA üùõküBó ÖloAuýõó ÖÏBë AÎÃBF GB GýzPp @yñBDþ ìñËõo Gú @ìõqÿ ÖpqðlAðî kAyPî, OB Aüò AôAgp ko øýa uBqìBðþ Gú Æõo Wlÿ Wlÿ Æõo Gú uBqìBðþ øýa ko AôAgp Aüò OB kAyPî, ÖpqðlAðî @ìõqÿ øíQ ô ôÚQ Þú kôuPBðþ Aüò üßþAq GB yíBoû øp ko ÞBèý×pðýB ƒ AüpAðþ ô kADî ÖÏBèýQ ðlAyPú Aï. ðlAyPú ÖÏBèýQ kADî ô ìþkøñl,â×PãõDþ ÚpAo ìB AgPýBo ko WBìÏú KýzpÖQ GpAÿ oA gõk ¾dHPþ gõAøýî gõAøýî ¾dHPþ Gh{ ÞýíýB yHñî gBðî GB yíBoû Aüò ko køýî. ìþ AðXBï Aq ^ú qìBðþ øíßBoÿ gõk oA GB ÖloAuýõó üùõküBó AüpAðþ @ÒBq @ÒBq AüpAðþ üùõküBó ÖloAuýõó GB oA gõk øíßBoÿ qìBðþ ^ú Aq yh¿ýQ küãp GB øBDþ ì¿BcHú ko@üñlû GPõAðýî AìýlôAoüî kAyQ. Þpkül ô ko Aüò uBqìBó ^ú ðõÑ ÖÏBèýPþ kAoül? ÖÏBèýPþ ðõÑ ^ú uBqìBó Aüò ko ô Þpkül GByýî. kAyPú WBìÏú ÖÏBë ô glìPãrAo øBÿ øíßBoÿ gõk oA GB ÖloAuýõó üùõküBó AüpAðþ ko ìBû Wõó 8002, 8002, Wõó ìBû ko AüpAðþ üùõküBó ÖloAuýõó GB oA gõk øíßBoÿ Gú kÎõR øýBCR AWpADþ ÖloAuýõó ypôÑ Þpkï ô Gú ÎñõAó GñýBðãqAo GñýBðãqAo ÎñõAó Gú ô Þpkï ypôÑ ÖloAuýõó AWpADþ øýBCR kÎõR Gú Aüò GpAÿ ìpA kÎõR Aüñßú Aq ÖpAôAó uLBx GB Gh{ ÞýíýB gBðî ô oDýw ÞíýPú uçìPþ ô OñlouPþ AÖPhBo øíßBoÿ GB âpôøþ Aq Aq âpôøþ GB øíßBoÿ AÖPhBo OñlouPþ ô uçìPþ ÞíýPú oDýw ô ô gõk GB GýzPp oA Îrür èÇ×BgõAðñlâBó KnüpÖPýl, ì¿BcHú glìPãrAoAó uhPßõ} WBìÏú üùõkÿ AüpAðþ oA kAoï. oA AüpAðþ üùõkÿ WBìÏú uhPßõ} glìPãrAoAó Þñýl. @yñB OBó gBðõAkû GB Ozßp AqyíB GpAÿ Öp¾Pþ Þú Gú Gú Þú Öp¾Pþ GpAÿ AqyíB Ozßp GB GB OHpüà ÖpAôAó Gú ÞíýPú uçìPþ ô ô uçìPþ ÞíýPú Gú ÖpAôAó OHpüà GB øívpï GB Ký{ uBë 82 ìò Aül. kAkû ìò OñlouPþ GpAÿìõÖÛýQ GpðBìú ÖpAìõ} ÖpAìõ} GpðBìú GpAÿìõÖÛýQ OñlouPþ cB¾ê Þpkï. AqkôAZ Gh{ ÞýíýB ÖpøBk ðzlðþ “oôq uçìPþ qó” èÇ×B ìB oA GB GB oA ìB èÇ×B qó” uçìPþ “oôq ðzlðþ WvýßB-¾ñî” “ ìB Öpqðl kô KýíBó Aüò ÞBoøBÿ Aüò ÞíýPú ô AølAÖzBó GýzPp GýzPp AølAÖzBó ô ÞíýPú Aüò ÞBoøBÿ ôWõkyBó Þú øvPñl “ìýzê-Wõÿ” ô @yñB Þñýl ô OõÂýdBOþ ko Aüò ìõok Gú Gú ìõok Aüò ko OõÂýdBOþ ô Þñýl @yñB ko AuQ. ìB Géñlÿ up ô uÏBkR GBÎU UCLA kAðzãBû ko “ WvýßB “ cBÂp cBë ìB Gløýl. ìB kôoAó ÖõÝ èývBðw gõk oA ko Aìõo Aìõo ko oA gõk èývBðw ÖõÝ kôoAó ølÙ A¾éþ ÞíýPú uçìPþ ô OñlouPþ OñlouPþ ô uçìPþ ÞíýPú A¾éþ ølÙ GBqoâBðþ ìþ ânoAðl ô kgPp kôï ìB ìB kôï kgPp ô ânoAðl ìþ GBqoâBðþ Þíà Gú GùHõk uçìPþ ô AÖrAü{ OñlouPþ OñlouPþ AÖrAü{ ô uçìPþ GùHõk Gú Þíà “ìýzê”Kw Aq ôoôk Gú kAðzãBû O¿íýî O¿íýî kAðzãBû Gú ôoôk Aq “ìýzê”Kw WAìÏú AuQ. Aüò ÞíýPú Gú kô ÆpüÜ ølÙ ølÙ ÆpüÜ kô Gú ÞíýPú Aüò AuQ. WAìÏú âpÖQ Þú oyPú qüHBDþ ô @oAü{ oA kðHBë kðHBë oA @oAü{ ô qüHBDþ oyPú Þú âpÖQ gõk oA kðHBë ìþ Þñl. Aôë, Aq ÆpüÜ AüXBk AüXBk ÆpüÜ Aq Aôë, Þñl. ìþ kðHBë oA gõk 12 Þñl ô ko cBë cBÂp ko Aüò oyPú ìzÓõë ìzÓõë oyPú Aüò ko cBÂp cBë ko ô Þñl @âBøþ GB Wlül Opüò AÆçÎBR Kryßþ ko ko Kryßþ AÆçÎBR Opüò Wlül GB @âBøþ Gú Od¿ýê AuQ. ìò ô øívpï ,ÖpøBk, Aq Aq ,ÖpøBk, øívpï ô ìò AuQ. Od¿ýê Gú oAGÇú GB GýíBoÿ øBÿ âõðBâõó, Þú gõk gõk Þú âõðBâõó, øBÿ GýíBoÿ GB oAGÇú Aüñßú glAôðl ^ñýò ÖpqðlAó æüÜ ô gõ} gõ} ô æüÜ ÖpqðlAó ^ñýò glAôðl Aüñßú oAøþ ìõSp GpAÿ Kýzãýpÿ AqGýíBoÿ øB ìþ ìþ øB AqGýíBoÿ Kýzãýpÿ GpAÿ ìõSp oAøþ ÚéHþ Gú ìB kAkû AuQ GvýBo yßp ârAoüî ârAoüî yßp GvýBo AuQ kAkû ìB Gú ÚéHþ OõAðl GByl. kôï, Aq ÆpüÜ Þíà ìvPÛýî Gú Gú ìvPÛýî Þíà ÆpüÜ Aq kôï, GByl. OõAðl ô @oqôÿ ìõÖÛýQ ô gõyHhPþ GpAÿ OíBï OíBï GpAÿ gõyHhPþ ô ìõÖÛýQ @oqôÿ ô GýíBoAðþ Þú OõAó kuQ üBÖPò Gú koìBó æqï oA üB Gú ÎéQ ìvBDê ìBèþ ìBèþ ìvBDê ÎéQ Gú üB oA æqï koìBó Gú üBÖPò kuQ OõAó Þú GýíBoAðþ ðvê WõAó AüpAðþ kAoüî. kAoüî. AüpAðþ WõAó ðvê ô üB Gú ÎéQ ôgBìQ GýíBoÿ ðlAoðl, Aüò ÞíýPú ko øp kô qìýñú @ìBkâþ @ìBkâþ qìýñú kô øp ko ÞíýPú Aüò ðlAoðl, GýíBoÿ ôgBìQ ÎéQ Gú üB ô Þíà gõk oA AÎçï Þpkû AuQ. AuQ. Þpkû AÎçï oA gõk Þíà ko ^ú qìýñú Aÿ Od¿ýçR gõk oA ânoAðlû Aül ô ko cBë cBÂp cBÂp cBë ko ô Aül ânoAðlû oA gõk Od¿ýçR Aÿ qìýñú ^ú ko Aôèýò GpðBìú ÞíýPú uçìPþ ô OñlouPþ øíBðÇõo Þú ìÇéÐ ìÇéÐ Þú øíBðÇõo OñlouPþ ô uçìPþ ÞíýPú GpðBìú Aôèýò øvPýl uíýñBo oôq uçìPþ qó Gõk. Þú, ko oôq üßzñHú 62 AÞPHp AÞPHp 62 üßzñHú oôq ko Þú, Gõk. qó uçìPþ oôq uíýñBo øvPýl kAoül? AyPÓBë ÞBoÿ ^ú Gú èývBðw gõk oA ko oyPú Aìõo GBqoâBðþ ô ÖõÝ èývBðw oA oA èývBðw ÖõÝ ô GBqoâBðþ Aìõo oyPú ko oA gõk èývBðw ko 82 uBë ânyPú Gp KBüú OBSýpÿ Þú oôÿ uçìPþ øíýò üà GBðõ GBðõ üà øíýò uçìPþ oôÿ Þú OBSýpÿ KBüú Gp ânyPú uBë 82 ko üBk@ôo Þú AuQ gõGþ Öp¾Q Aüò yl. GpârAo ^zíãýpÿ ìõÖÛýQ GB ìþ OõAðl kAyPú GByl, Aoqðlû ô Síp Gh{ Gõkû AuQ. cBæ ìXvî ìXvî cBæ AuQ. Gõkû Gh{ Síp ô Aoqðlû GByl, kAyPú OõAðl ìþ AÎÃBF Þõy{ ô oürÿ GpðBìú ìBû uú Aq Kw qó uçìPþ oôq yõï Þñýl Aüò OBCSýp Gp OíBï AyhB¾þ Þú ko uBë øBÿ ìPíBkÿ ko upAup upAup ko ìPíBkÿ øBÿ uBë ko Þú AyhB¾þ OíBï Gp OBCSýp Aüò Þñýl ÞTýpÿ Îlû ô ÖloAuýõó AWpADþ øýEQ AÎÃBÿ cíBüQ GB ÞíýPú, WùBó Gú gBÆp ÖÏBèýQ øBÿ ìP×BôR uBqìBó øBÿ ìhPéØ qðlâþ qðlâþ ìhPéØ øBÿ uBqìBó ìP×BôR øBÿ ÖÏBèýQ gBÆp Gú WùBó øBÿ uBqìBó ô AÖpAk Aüò Oà Oà øíßBoÿ Glôó , âpÖQ AðXBï kAôÆéI yBó OÓýýp ô üB KýzpÖQ Þpkû OB ^ú cl AuQ. AuQ. cl ^ú OB Þpkû KýzpÖQ üB ô OÓýýp yBó ìÛlôo ÞíýQ ðËp Aq ^ú ô Þý×ýQ ðËp Aq ^ú ìõÖÛýPþ ^ñýò ôAGvPú Gú oAuPþ Þú Aìpôq ^ùpû GzpüQ Gú ôAuÇú ÖÏBèýQ øBÿ Aüò uBqìBó uBqìBó Aüò øBÿ ÖÏBèýQ ôAuÇú Gú GzpüQ ^ùpû Aìpôq Þú oAuPþ Gú gBðî Aq Gh¿õÁ Kpôsû Aüò ko øíßBoAðî OíBìþ qcíBR Aq ìò ðHõk. øB ìP×BôR AuQ. AuQ. ìP×BôR øB ìTHQ Aÿ OXpGú ìB GpAÿ qó uçìPþ oôq uLBuãrAoï. Gpôgýî Aèùú Gõk ô SBGQ Þpk Þú @ð`ú Gú øíßBoÿ ô øíluPþ Îlû Aÿ ko WBìÏú WBìÏú ko Aÿ Îlû øíluPþ ô øíßBoÿ Gú @ð`ú Þú Þpk SBGQ ô Gõk @ üB Oõ¾ýú Aÿ Þú GPõAðl ìzõÚþ GByl GpAÿ WõAðBó ô ðõWõAðBó ðõWõAðBó ô WõAðBó GpAÿ GByl ìzõÚþ GPõAðl Þú Aÿ Oõ¾ýú üB @ ÞíýPú ðývQ, ìÛlôo Oßpôÿ GB ô OñùBDþ Gú AuQ ìývp WBìÏú ìB GpAÿ ypÞQ ko uBqìBó øB ô ðùBk øBÿ Òýp AðP×BÎþ ô ô AðP×BÎþ Òýp øBÿ ðùBk ô øB uBqìBó ko ypÞQ GpAÿ ìB WBìÏú øBÿ GpðBìú Oùýú ÞBo Aðlo kuQ AÞñõó øî OñlouPþ ô uéAìPþ Gzp kôuPBðú kAoül? kAoül? kôuPBðú Gzp WBìÏú AðP×BÎþ Òýp øBÿ küãpuBqìBó øíßBoÿ GB Þú AuQ Wlülÿ kôoAó ðõWõAðþ GpAÿ GýzPp AyhBÁ kôoAó ìzßéþ AuQ AuQ ìzßéþ kôoAó AyhBÁ GýzPp GpAÿ ðõWõAðþ kôoAó yl. gõAøl AoADú ìzPpá Æõo Gú AüpAðþ üùõkÿ Gú g¿õÁ koAüò qìBðú ô ko Aüò ìíéßQ ÖzBoøBüþ oôÿ ðõWõAðBó ðõWõAðBó oôÿ ÖzBoøBüþ ìíéßQ Aüò ko ô qìBðú koAüò g¿õÁ Gú ô WõAðBó ìB ôWõk kAok Þú ðvéùBÿ ânyPú ^õóðvê ìò @ðpA @ðpA ìò ^õóðvê ânyPú ðvéùBÿ Þú kAok ôWõk ìB WõAðBó ô uBqìBó ô AWPíBÎþ øBÿ ÖÏBèýQ Gú ÎçÚíñl yíB kèýéþ ^ú Gú OXpGú ðßpkû AuQ . OñùB Oõ¾ýú Aÿ Þú ìò ìþ OõAðî Gú WõAðBó ô ô WõAðBó Gú OõAðî ìþ ìò Þú Aÿ Oõ¾ýú OñùB . AuQ ðßpkû OXpGú Aül? ylû kôuPBðú Gzp ô AðP×BÎþ Òýp øBÿ GÇõo Þéþ Gú OíBï AyhB¾þ Þú qðlâþ gõk oA kyõAoìþGýññl Gßñî Gßñî kyõAoìþGýññl oA gõk qðlâþ Þú AyhB¾þ OíBï Gú Þéþ GÇõo yh¿ýî OXpGú Aq Kw kôuPBðú Gzp øBÿ ÖÏBèýQ Gú ìò ÎçÚú AüñvQ Þú ko ¾õoR AìßBó GpAÿ ìlR ìdlôkÿ OõWú ô ðýpôüzBó ðýpôüzBó ô OõWú ìdlôkÿ ìlR GpAÿ AìßBó ¾õoR ko Þú AüñvQ Gú Gú OXp Aüò Þú ^pA üBÖQ. AÖrAü{ GBo ^ñlüò upÆBó GýíBoÿ GB oA Aq ôWõk gõk GpkAyPú ô Gú kðýBÿ gBoZ ô AyhB¾þ Þú GýzPp GýzPp Þú AyhB¾þ ô gBoZ kðýBÿ Gú ô GpkAyPú gõk ôWõk Aq oA ,ÆHÛú ìnøI ô oðä øp Aq , ypÉ ô Úýl Glôó øíãþ ìB Þú @ìõgQ ìò ú @ðùB ô ô @ðùB ú oôcý ^ãõðú Þú ôGHýññl Þññl ìPípÞr âpÖOBoðl @ðùB Aq gÇpðBá ô kyõAo øBÿ GýíBoÿ âpÖPBo AuQ ìíßò ðvI ô A¾ê ô külyBó Gú qðlâþ ÞBìç ÎõÅ ìþ yõk. AðXBï ÞBoøBÿ Gzp kôuPBðú kôuPBðú Gzp ÞBoøBÿ AðXBï yõk. ìþ ÎõÅ ÞBìç qðlâþ Gú külyBó üßlüãp Þíà Gú øB uhPþ Aüò Gp ÒéHú GpAÿ ìB øíãþ ô yõüî ô gýp æqìú A} ôAGvPãþ Gú øýa uBqìBó ô kuPãBøþ ðývQ ôèþ ôèþ ðývQ kuPãBøþ ô uBqìBó øýa Gú ôAGvPãþ A} æqìú gýp ô ðýBqìñlüî. ôAGvPãþ Gú uBqìBó øBÿ Òýp AðP×BÎþ ìþ OõAðl ôuýéú Aÿ GByl GpAÿ GpAÿ GByl Aÿ ôuýéú OõAðl ìþ AðP×BÎþ Òýp øBÿ uBqìBó Gú ôAGvPãþ AüXBk øíHvPãþ GýzPp ìB Gú WBìÏú ô küãp glìPãrAoAó @ó ô ðùBüPB« ðùBüPB« ô @ó glìPãrAoAó küãp ô WBìÏú Gú ìB GýzPp øíHvPãþ AüXBk øBDþ uBqìBó WrF GBül Öpk üà Þú Þñýl ìþ Ößp ÎéPþ ^ú Gú OBSýp GýzPp ìB ko Gp@ôokó ðýBq øBÿ WBìÏú Aÿ Þú Gú @ó OÏéÜ kAoüî . . kAoüî OÏéÜ @ó Gú Þú Aÿ WBìÏú øBÿ ðýBq Gp@ôokó ko ìB GýzPp OBSýp gýpüú ÞBoøBÿ ko üB ô GByl AüpAðþ üùõküBó ÖloAuýõó ìBðñl ÖÏBë GByl? ÖÏBë ìùíPpüò ÎéPþ Þú GpAÿ AðXBï ÞBo gýp Gú ðËpï ìþ oul Þíà Þíà oul ìþ ðËpï Gú gýp ÞBo AðXBï GpAÿ Þú ÎéPþ ìùíPpüò Gú gõkìBó ô øíñõÎBó AuQ. Aâp glAôðl ìBoA ko ìõÚÏýPþ ÚpAo kAkû kAkû ÚpAo ìõÚÏýPþ ko ìBoA glAôðl Aâp AuQ. øíñõÎBó ô gõkìBó Gú gõAðñlû Îrür gõAðñlû GùPp OõAðBDþ Aüò yßpAðú Gú kAoüî oA gõk øíñõÑ Gú Þíà OõAðBDþ Þú AuQ ìvEõèýQ Úlï ânAyPò ko oAû gýp oA WrF qðlâþ gõk ÚpAo ÚpAo gõk qðlâþ WrF oA gýp oAû ko ânAyPò Úlï ìvEõèýQ AuQ ìB ìzPBÝ øvPýî Þú ðËpüBR ô ÎÛBül yíB oA oA yíB ÎÛBül ô ðËpüBR Þú øvPýî ìzPBÝ ìB ko Oç} Aq ð×Ð GroâPpüò ô ìBuQ øíú yBðú Gp ìvEõèýQ Aüò . køýî Aüò oAû Gú gõk ìB ìþ oul . ^pA Þú ìB oA ko ìÛBï üà Gñlû yßpârAo yßpârAo Gñlû üà ìÛBï ko oA ìB Þú ^pA . oul ìþ ìB gõk Gú oAû Aüò koGBoû ðzpüú yõÖBo ðzpüú koGBoû Ghzl. ìþ GýzPpÿ ølÙ ô ìÏñB ìÏñõüQ, ìB qðlâþ Gú ô ânAok ìþ ô glìBR ÖloAuýõó üùõkÿ AüpAðþ ÞBèý×pðýB ÞBèý×pðýB AüpAðþ üùõkÿ ÖloAuýõó glìBR ô 13 Þñýî. koüBÖQ qðlâþ ko AWPíBÎþ ô AðP×BÎþ Òýp øBÿ uBqìBó ^ñýò @üB oôqAðú ìpkï ô WBìÏú Síp Gh{ øvPñl ô ^ãõðú? ^ãõðú? ô øvPñl Gh{ Síp WBìÏú ô ìpkï oôqAðú èÇ×B« Aq ÆpüÜ ðBìú ô üB Oé×ò GB ìB OíBx Gãýpül. OíBx ìB GB Oé×ò üB ô ðBìú ÆpüÜ Aq èÇ×B« p G ôWú GùPpüò Gú OõAðî ìþ oA yíB uõAë Aüò ìò KBüú OXpGú yh¿þ gõkï GB oôq uçìPþ qó KBui Gãõüî Þú ¾l ¾l Þú Gãõüî KBui qó uçìPþ oôq GB gõkï yh¿þ OXpGú KBüú Shofar Publication ÞññlâBó GpârAo küãp ô ìò Aq GpðBìú Aüò ÞññlâBó ypÞQ Aq ð×p øB Aüò GpðBìú Ozßp Þpkû Aðl ^pA Þú AcvBx Þpkðl @ð`ú Þpkðl AcvBx Þú ^pA Aðl Þpkû Ozßp GpðBìú Aüò 1317 N. Crescent Blvd., West AuQ. Þpkû Þíà yBó uçìPþ GùHõk Gú @ìõgPñl oôq koAüò Hollywood, CA 90046 ÖloAuýõó Þíà Glôó Þú Gõk øBDþ gBðî ÆpÙ Aq uLBx GýzPpüò AðXBï ìBìõâpAï GpAüzBó ìývp ðHõk. cPþ Aâp üà ð×p Aq Aüò GBðõAó GBðõAó Aüò Aq ð×p üà Aâp cPþ ðHõk. ìývp GpAüzBó ìBìõâpAï AðXBï (323) 654-4700 GHpk, Glo WBó upÆBó GýíBoÿ Aq ìõÚÐ Gú ìBìõâpAï AðXBï ôAuÇú Gú GBôo yh¿þ ìò AuQ Þú OíBìþ qcíBR ô ÖÏBèýQ øBÿ ÖloAuýõó ÖloAuýõó øBÿ ÖÏBèýQ ô qcíBR OíBìþ Þú AuQ ìò yh¿þ GBôo évú Aÿ Gú kÎõR ìpÞr ìpÞr kÎõR Gú Aÿ évú W 8002 ðõAìHp 01 kôyñHú oôq “ uBüíõó ôürðPBë” ôAÚÐ ko èõx @ðXéw, ÞBèý×pðýB Gú ìñËõo ìÏpÖþ ìÏpÖþ ìñËõo Gú ÞBèý×pðýB @ðXéw, èõx ko ôAÚÐ ôürðPBë” uBüíõó “ OpWíú ÖBouþ ÞPBJ “yI” ðõyPú “ Aèþ ôürë” GpAÿ AÆçÑ ouBðú ouBðú AÆçÑ GpAÿ ôürë” Aèþ “ ðõyPú “yI” ÞPBJ ÖBouþ OpWíú øBÿ øíãBðþ ô ìÇHõÎBR @ìpüßBDþ ô AüpAðþ ô øírìBó GB ø×PBkìýò ø×PBkìýò GB øírìBó ô AüpAðþ ô @ìpüßBDþ ìÇHõÎBR ô øíãBðþ øBÿ uBèãpk “ÞpüvPBë ðBgQ” (yI yýzú øBÿ yßvPú) GpârAo yl. yl. GpârAo yßvPú) øBÿ yýzú (yI ðBgQ” “ÞpüvPBë uBèãpk R Gú ÖBouþ ÖBouþ Gú R o-ìvp AuPõA ðýñB gBðî OõuÈ “yI” ÞPBJ GpâpkAðlû ylû ô Gú øíQ GñýBk WBìÏú kAðzõoAó Gú ^BN ouýlû ouýlû ^BN Gú kAðzõoAó WBìÏú GñýBk øíQ Gú ô ylû GpâpkAðlû ìÏpÖþ GpAÿ ìÇHõÎBOþ Þñ×pAðw AuQ. Aüò ÞPBJ Aôèýò ASp “Aèþ ôürë” ðõüvñlû ìÏpôÙ ô üßþ Aq GBqìBðlâBó GBqìBðlâBó Aq üßþ ô ìÏpôÙ ðõüvñlû ôürë” “Aèþ ASp Aôèýò ÞPBJ Aüò ko “yI” ÞPBJ ÖBouþ OpWíú ÞíM øBÿ @yõüPw ô GýpÞñõ ô GõðB ô Gpðlû WBürû ¾ée ðõGê uBë uBë ðõGê ¾ée WBürû Gpðlû ô GõðB ô GýpÞñõ ô @yõüPw øBÿ ÞíM ôürðPBë” “uBüíõó ìpÞr 6891 ìþ GByl. ìþ 6891 ârAo} Aq ôüõèQ uBuõðþ ôüõèQ Aq ârAo} HBoqû GB GB HBoqû ì GpAÿ AÆçÎBOþ ô @ìõqyþ ìpÞr üà ôürðPBë uBüíõó ìpÞr OÏ¿HBR ô OHÏýÃBR ðtAkÿ Gp Îéýú üùõküBó ô küãp ðtAkøB ô ìnAøI ìnAøI ô ðtAkøB küãp ô üùõküBó Îéýú Gp ðtAkÿ OHÏýÃBR ô OÏ¿HBR ko upAup kðýB ìþ GByl. ìõqû OõèpAðw (üBkGõk øBèõÞBuQ) ko ko øBèõÞBuQ) (üBkGõk OõèpAðw ìõqû GByl. ìþ kðýB upAup ko ÞBèý×pðýB ðýr ko Aüò ìßBó ÚpAo kAok. ÚpAo ìßBó Aüò ko ðýr ÞBèý×pðýB øírìBó GB ìÏpÖþ PpWíú ÖBouþ ÞPBJ “yI” ko ìpÞr uBüíõó uBüíõó ìpÞr ko “yI” ÞPBJ ÖBouþ PpWíú ìÏpÖþ GB øírìBó (ðvê Þ³zþ) Þú koGBoû Þú Þ³zþ) (ðvê Genocide ìvPñl Öýéî Aq ôürðPBë,‰ÚvíPþ ÞpüvPBë ðBgQ ô ÖXBüÐ øBèõÞBuQ Oùýú ylû AuQ, ‰ðíBü{ kAkû kAkû ‰ðíBü{ AuQ, ylû Oùýú øBèõÞBuQ ÖXBüÐ ô ðBgQ ÞpüvPBë yl. Aüò Öýéî ko GýzPp ðÛBÉ kðýB cPþ ko ^ýò ô oôuýú ðýr Gú Gú ðýr oôuýú ô ^ýò ko cPþ kðýB ðÛBÉ GýzPp ko Öýéî Aüò yl. ðíBü{ ânAyPú ylû AuQ. Aüò ÚvíQ Öýéî yßvPò yýzú øBÿ øBÿ yýzú yßvPò Öýéî ÚvíQ Aüò AuQ. ylû ânAyPú ðíBü{ uBgPíBó øB,uõqAðló ÞñývB øB, ô ìdéú üùõküBó ô uBüp gzõðQ gzõðQ uBüp ô üùõküBó ìdéú ô øB, ÞñývB øB,uõqAðló uBgPíBó øBDþ oA Þú ko yI “ÞpüvPBë ðBgQ” ðvHQ Gú üùõküBó AÎíBë ylû ylû AÎíBë üùõküBó Gú ðvHQ ðBgQ” “ÞpüvPBë yI ko Þú oA øBDþ Gõk oA ðzBó ìþ kAk ô yõAølÿ ÒýpÚBGê AðßBo ÎpÂú ìþ ðíõk. WBèI WBèI ðíõk. ìþ ÎpÂú AðßBo ÒýpÚBGê yõAølÿ ô kAk ìþ ðzBó oA Gõk Bó WíÐ WíÐ Bó @èí kôèQ ô ðBqüùB gõk OõuÈ ìlAoá ô AuñBk Aüò GýzPp Aüñßú @ôo ÿ ô GBüãBðþ ylû AuQ. Glôó yà Aüò AÖpAk Aq @ð`ú Þú ìþ Þpkðl Þpkðl ìþ Þú @ð`ú Aq AÖpAk Aüò yà Glôó AuQ. ylû GBüãBðþ ô ÿ @ôo gzñõk ô ì×Php Gõkðl ô Aq øíú AÎíBë ô oÖPBo gzõðQ @ìýr ô Òýp Òýp ô @ìýr gzõðQ oÖPBo ô AÎíBë øíú Aq ô Gõkðl ì×Php ô gzñõk ÚBGê O¿õo gõk, Îßw, Öýéî ô uñl Oùýú ìþ Þpkðl. ìþ Oùýú uñl ô Öýéî Îßw, gõk, O¿õo ÚBGê Aq Wíéú ypÞQ ÞññlâBó ko Aüò Wévú, ðíBüñlâBó ìÇHõÎBR ìÇHõÎBR ðíBüñlâBó Wévú, Aüò ko ÞññlâBó ypÞQ Wíéú Aq Aðãéývþ qGBó ô ÞBðBèùBÿ Oéõürüõó øBÿ @ìpüßBDþ ô ô ABC-7 @ìpüßBDþ øBÿ Oéõürüõó ÞBðBèùBÿ ô qGBó Aðãéývþ ô ô Gõkðl. ATVN(Annenberg TV News) ô USC S ô Fox-11 ðíBüñlâBó GvýBoÿ Aq ouBðú øBÿ øíãBðþ AüpAðþ ðýr ko Aüò Aüò ko ðýr AüpAðþ øíãBðþ øBÿ ouBðú Aq GvýBoÿ ðíBüñlâBó Wévú cÃõo kAyPñl Aq Wíéú @ÚBÿ oÂB âõøp qAk upkGýp ô ðByp ðByp ô upkGýp qAk âõøp oÂB @ÚBÿ Wíéú Aq kAyPñl cÃõo Wévú , @ÚBÿ Öpülôó ìýpÖhpADþ Öpülôó @ÚBÿ Voice, of America oAküõ KpuPýt, ìXéú , øñpìñlAó GpWvPú @ÚBüBó Kpôür ¾ýBk ô Kpôür ÞBokAó, @ÚBÿ Gýtó Gýtó @ÚBÿ ÞBokAó, Kpôür ô ¾ýBk Kpôür @ÚBüBó GpWvPú øñpìñlAó , géýéþ Aq ypÞQ ÞPBJ ô ...... ô ÞPBJ ypÞQ Aq géýéþ 14 gBðî ðýñB AuPõAo ƒ ìvpR ô øívpyBó ô øí`ñýò @ÚBÿ sos sos @ÚBÿ øí`ñýò ô øívpyBó ô ìvpR ƒ AuPõAo ðýñB gBðî øBoôðýBó ô Aq ÆpÙ WBìÏú kAðzõoAó kÞPp yýpqAk AGpAìr, gBðî gBðî AGpAìr, yýpqAk kÞPp kAðzõoAó WBìÏú ÆpÙ Aq ô øBoôðýBó oAyê ô @ÚBÿ ìùpkAk ìH¿pÿ, gBðî ôüõèQ ô @ÚBÿ uÏýl uBuõðþ, uBuõðþ, uÏýl @ÚBÿ ô ôüõèQ gBðî ìH¿pÿ, ìùpkAk @ÚBÿ ô oAyê kÞPp üÏÛõJ @üñú ^þ, @ÚBÿ Öpülôó âéHp, ìùñlx ÎHlÿ gpìýBó ô ô gpìýBó ÎHlÿ ìùñlx âéHp, Öpülôó @ÚBÿ ^þ, @üñú üÏÛõJ kÞPp kÞPp Aokyýp GBGà ðýB ko Aüò Wévú cÃõo kAyPñl. cÃõo Wévú Aüò ko ðýB GBGà Aokyýp kÞPp ìýrGBðBó Aüò Wévú @ÚBüBó oGBÿ ìBoôüò øBüp, oDýw ìpÞr ìpÞr oDýw øBüp, ìBoôüò oGBÿ @ÚBüBó Wévú Aüò ìýrGBðBó ôürðPBë , ô @ÚBÿ oGBÿ AGpAøBï ÞõKp, ìlüp Aüò ìpÞr Gõkðl. ìpÞr Aüò ìlüp ÞõKp, AGpAøBï oGBÿ @ÚBÿ ô , ôürðPBë @ÚBÿ oGBÿ øBüp Æþ uhñBðþ ko ìõok ÞPBJ yI ô AøíýQ Op- AøíýQ ô yI ÞPBJ ìõok ko uhñBðþ Æþ øBüp oGBÿ @ÚBÿ Wíú @ó Gú qGBó ÖBouþ , OBCÞýl Þpkðl Þú Aüò Úlï ìTHPþ GpAÿ ìÇéÐ ìÇéÐ GpAÿ ìTHPþ Úlï Aüò Þú Þpkðl OBCÞýl , ÖBouþ qGBó Gú @ó Wíú üùõküBó AüpAðþ ko Þê WBìÏú èw @ðXéw AÊùBo gzñõkÿ ðíõk ðíõk gzñõkÿ AÊùBo @ðXéw èw WBìÏú Þê ko AüpAðþ üùõküBó ko üùõküBó Gú ðvHQ Þú AuQ ÖXBüÏþ ìõok ko AüpAó ìpkï Þpkó ô â×Q Þú AìýlôAo AuQ GB øíßBoÿ ouBðú øBÿ âpôøþ ô ô âpôøþ øBÿ ouBðú øíßBoÿ GB AuQ AìýlôAo Þú â×Q ô âpÖQ. AðXBï kôï WùBðþ Wñä ìÇHõÎBR ÖBouþ qGBó KýBìþ ìPdl ô ¾dýe ko oAGÇú GB ôÚBüÐ Wñä Wñä ôÚBüÐ GB oAGÇú ko ¾dýe ô ìPdl KýBìþ qGBó ÖBouþ ìÇHõÎBR KýBìþ ko ðtAk Acílÿ @ÚBÿ @ìpüßB, AðPhBGBRko AOíBï Aq Kw kôï WùBðþ ô øBèõÞBuQ GpAÿ cßõìQ AüpAó, AüpAðýBó ô Gú g¿õÁ g¿õÁ Gú ô AüpAðýBó AüpAó, cßõìQ GpAÿ øBèõÞBuQ ô WùBðþ kôï oôAGÈ ypôÑ ølÖ{ oul ìþ GñËp Þú â×Q OHpüà oA A³GBìB AðPhBJ WõAðBó ô kAðzXõüBó ÖpuPBkû yõk OB Gú ÖpôðzBðló OzñY ìõWõk ìõWõk OzñY ÖpôðzBðló Gú OB yõk ÖpuPBkû kAðzXõüBó ô WõAðBó ôÚõÑ ìßpoA« AüzBó cBèýßú AuQ.ko Gõkû @ìpüßB ô AüpAó Gýò ìXlk Gýò kô Þzõo Þíà GñíBül. Þíà Þzõo kô Gýò ðÛzú Aq AupADýê ìdõ gõAøBó cPþ ô ðíõkû AðßBo oA øBèõÞBuQ Æþ Aüò Wévú ypÞQ ÞññlâBó ÎÛBül ô ðËpüBR gõk oA oA gõk ðËpüBR ô ÎÛBül ÞññlâBó ypÞQ Wévú Aüò Æþ AuQ. ylû WùBó ko ìõok Aüò ÞPBJ ô Aüò Þú @âBøþ kAkó Gú ìpkï kAgê AüpAó AüpAó kAgê ìpkï Gú kAkó @âBøþ Þú Aüò ô ÞPBJ Aüò ìõok ko Gú WõAJ GùPpüò ÞPBJ Aüò ÖBouþ OpWíú øBüp oGBÿ ÎÛýlû Gú GùPpüò ðdõû ìHBoqû GB â×Pú øBÿ ÒéÈ ô Gþ AuBx Gpgþ Aq oøHpAó oøHpAó Aq Gpgþ AuBx Gþ ô ÒéÈ øBÿ â×Pú GB ìHBoqû ðdõû GùPpüò ìpkï Þpkó @âBû GpAÿ oAû GùPpüò ô ðtAk Acílÿ @ÚBÿ ÎÛBül ô uhñBó Aüò Þzõo AuQ,‰ GýBó kAyPñl. Aüò Wévú GB Ozßp Aq gBðî AuPõAo ô ô AuPõAo gBðî Aq Ozßp GB Wévú Aüò kAyPñl. GýBó AuQ,‰ Þzõo Aüò ðtAk Acílÿ @ÚBÿ Þú Þpkðl AìýlôAoÿ AÊùBo øBüp oGBÿ AuQ. AüpAó WBìÏú kAðzõoAó GpAÿ OpWíú, ^BN ô AðPzBo Aüò ÞPBJ ô øí`ñýò øí`ñýò ô ÞPBJ Aüò AðPzBo ô ^BN OpWíú, GpAÿ kAðzõoAó WBìÏú OõWùþ ÚBGê OÏlAk Þú Gløñl OpOýHþ gõk ðýQ cvò kAkó ðzBó GpAÿ AìÃBF ÞPBJ OõuÈ gBðî ðýñB AuPõAo KBüBó âpÖQ. KBüBó AuPõAo ðýñB gBðî OõuÈ ÞPBJ AìÃBF ô @ìõqAó kAð{ kuPpx ko ô yõk ÖpuPBkû AüpAó Gú ÞPBJ Aüò Aq Boû ÞPBJ yI yI ÞPBJ Boû koG GýzPp AÆçÎBR ô ìpAuî Aüò ÞBìê ôülDõ ìzBølû GpAÿ @yñB ìBWpA Aüò cÛýÛQ ô OBoüi GB OB âýpk ÚpAo AüpAðþ kAðzXõüBó www.daneshvaran.org kAðzõoAó WBìÏú GñýBk uBüQ Gú èÇ×B« yõðl. ìpAWÏú ðíBDýl. ìpAWÏú ô AüpAðýBó ìõCSp ô ìTHQ ðÛ{ Aq uhñBðþ Æþ ÞõKp oGBÿ

15 @yñBüþ GýzPp GB GB GýzPp @yñBüþ uBqìBó “AoR” uBqìBó OÏlAkÿ Aq AÎÃBF øýBCR ìlüpû âpôû AoR âpôû ìlüpû øýBCR AÎÃBF Aq OÏlAkÿ

AüvPBkû Aq oAuQ : ðBkoû cpüpÿ - üBÖB Géõo - ìùýò yõyñþ - ÖpôÕ ìÏñõÿ - Kpÿ yívýBó - - yívýBó Kpÿ - ìÏñõÿ ÖpôÕ - yõyñþ ìùýò - Géõo üBÖB - cpüpÿ ðBkoû : oAuQ Aq AüvPBkû AuPp cßýíýBó - sAÞéýò oôGò - Gloÿ oGBðþ - âýPþ yõyñþ - ìùpÿ gpìþ - Kpüõ} WõoAG`þ WõoAG`þ Kpüõ} - gpìþ ìùpÿ - yõyñþ âýPþ - oGBðþ Gloÿ - oôGò sAÞéýò - cßýíýBó AuPp - ìýñõ ðBOBó ðBOBó ìýñõ - ðzvPú Aq uíQ oAuQ : øíB ìÛýíþ - ÖpôÕ yõyñþ - SpüB âézñþ - ìùýò ÞBìpAó - OBðýB üBkâBo üBkâBo OBðýB - ÞBìpAó ìùýò - âézñþ SpüB - yõyñþ ÖpôÕ - ìÛýíþ øíB : oAuQ uíQ Aq ðzvPú - AÖvp cçôÿ - yBkoôAó Öùýíú ðBOBó Öùýíú yBkoôAó - cçôÿ AÖvp -

kAyPñl. Kw Aq ìùBWpR Gú @ìpüßB gBðî ìÏPíl ÎÃõ ÞíýPú AWpADþ AWpADþ ÞíýPú ÎÃõ ìÏPíl gBðî @ìpüßB Gú ìùBWpR Aq Kw kAyPñl. ôðdõû AoR” “ uBqìBó GB AüpAðþ øíõÆñBó GýzPp yà Glôó AoR WùBðþ ylðl ô Gú ÎñõAó oDýw GpðBìú oürüùBÿ Öpøñãþ Aüò Aüò Öpøñãþ oürüùBÿ GpðBìú oDýw ÎñõAó Gú ô ylðl WùBðþ AoR AGPlA ko uBqìBó Aüò kAoðl. @yñBDþ ìhPéØ øBÿ Þzõo ko @ó ÞBo uBqìBó ko uÇe WùBðþ AðPhBJ ylðl. AðPhBJ WùBðþ uÇe ko uBqìBó KýPpqGõoå” “uò yùp ko üùõkÿ glìQãrAo GBðõÿ ^ñl OõuÈ GBðõAó AüpAðþ kôuPlAo uBqìBó AoR GB OzõüÜ gBðî ìÏPíl ìÏPíl gBðî OzõüÜ GB AoR uBqìBó kôuPlAo AüpAðþ GBðõAó GÏl ^ñlÿ ânAyQ. ôWõk Îp¾ú Gú uBë0881,‰KB ko oôuýú, ko , ko uBë 0891 Gú üßþ Aq yBgú øBÿ AoR @ìpüßBüþ ìédÜ ylðl ô øî øî ô ylðl ìédÜ @ìpüßBüþ AoR øBÿ yBgú Aq üßþ Gú 0891 uBë ko ko üùõkÿ ÖÏBë GBðõÿ ^ñlüò OõuÈ @ìpüßB ko AoR GBðõAó uBqìBó AÞñõó yBgú AüpAðþ Aüò uBqìBó üßþ Aq âpôû øBÿ GvýBo ÖÏBë @ó Gú Gú @ó ÖÏBë GvýBo øBÿ âpôû Aq üßþ uBqìBó Aüò AüpAðþ yBgú AÞñõó Géßú @ìpüßB ìhPéØ ðÛBÉ OñùBko ðú OloüY Gú ô yl Ozßýê ðýõüõoá cvBJ ìþ @ül. ìþ cvBJ ÖÏBèýQ Gú Ñ ypô kAyPñl ußõðQ @ó ko üùõküBó Þú küãpÿ øBÿ Þzõo ko Aq uBë 0891 OBÞñõó oüBuQ Aüò uBqìBó oA GvýBoÿ Aq GBðõAó GBðõAó Aq GvýBoÿ oA uBqìBó Aüò oüBuQ OBÞñõó 0891 uBë Aq Organization for Rehablitation Through Training “ORT”ìh×Ø Þéíú Þpk. ðýßõÞBo ô ðýßõðBï üùõkÿ AüpAðþ Gú Îùlû kAyPú Aðl, Aq Wíéú: gBðî gBðî Wíéú: Aq Aðl, kAyPú Îùlû Gú AüpAðþ üùõkÿ ðýßõðBï ô ðýßõÞBo AuQ. ôüõèQ ¾BkÚþ, yBkoôAó gBðî OõGB uõìi ô gBðî ìùýò uõìi- ìùýò gBðî ô uõìi OõGB gBðî yBkoôAó ¾BkÚþ, ôüõèQ ko Od¿ýê GpAÿ ÞBÖþ AìßBðBR Þú WõAðBðþ ÿ GpA uBqìBó Aüò ÞBìpAó. âpôøþ Aq GBðõAó GvýBo æüÜ ô glìPãrAo WBìÏú Aq Glô Glô Aq WBìÏú glìPãrAo ô æüÜ GvýBo GBðõAó Aq âpôøþ ÞBìpAó. øBÿ yùpüú GB gõk ìPÏlk øBÿ @ìõqyãBû ko ðlAoðl oA ¾ñÏQ ô Îéî Q ô KzPßBo KzPßBo ô Q ÖÏBèý GB ô Aðl kAyPú øíßBoÿ @ó GB âpôû Aüò ÞBo ypôÑ ìþ @ðùB AgPýBo ko oA OÏéýíBR Aüò oAüãBó Æõo Gú üB ô KBDýò GvýBo @ðùB âpôû AüpAðþ Aüò uBqìBó OõAðvPú WBÿ ìùíþ oA ko Þê Aüò ìpÞr ìpÞr Aüò Þê ko oA ìùíþ WBÿ OõAðvPú uBqìBó Aüò AüpAðþ âpôû @ðùB Þññl. OBìýò oA gõk @üñlû OpOüI Aüò Gú OB ânAok Gú gõk AgP¿BÁ køl. AgP¿BÁ gõk Gú ko uBqìBó Aüò Aÿ cpÖú øBÿ @ìõqyãBû ânyPú uBë 021 ko âvPp} ÖÏBèýQ uBqìBó AoR ô AüXBk OíBï AìßBðBOþ oA Þú koGp koGp Þú oA AìßBðBOþ OíBï AüXBk ô AoR uBqìBó ÖÏBèýQ âvPp} AuQ. Þpkû ÖpAøî ÎçÚíñlAó GpAÿ oA Od¿ýê AìßBó WùBó Þzõo 001 ìýãýpk, Glôó KzPýHBðþ ô üBoÿ kôuPlAoAó @ó AìßBó Knüp ðývQ. ðývQ. Knüp AìßBó @ó kôuPlAoAó üBoÿ ô KzPýHBðþ Glôó ìýãýpk, Aq GvýBoÿ OÏlAk ÖlAÞBoÿ ô ÖÏBèýQ ôWõk AoR,‰GB uBqìBó AüpAó ko Aq OíBï gõAøpAó Îrüp OÛBÂB kAoüî Þú Gú ìB GLýõðlðl ô ÎÃõüQ Aüò Aüò ÎÃõüQ ô GLýõðlðl ìB Gú Þú kAoüî OÛBÂB Îrüp gõAøpAó OíBï Aq WõAðBó Aq ÞTýpÿ Îlû Gú OõAðvQ AüpAðþ üùõkÿ WBìÏú ô AüpAðþ GBðõAó 16 uBqìBó oA Þú ìBüú AÖPhBo AuQ GLnüpðl ô GB ølAüBÿ øíQ ÎBèþ gõk gõk ÎBèþ øíQ ølAüBÿ GB ô GLnüpðl AuQ AÖPhBo ìBüú Þú oA uBqìBó ko køl. üBoÿ øB cpÖú AðõAÑ üBkâýpÿ ô Kpôo} ô @ìõq} ko AüpAðþ uBqìBó AoR oA Gú ølÙ øBÿ ÎBèþ gõk ðrküà Op Þññl. Op ðrküà gõk ÎBèþ øBÿ ølÙ Gú oA AoR uBqìBó Od¿ýéßpkû GBðõAó Aq ìÏPíl,‰üßþ Kpôüò gBðî AðÛçJ, Aq ÚHê AüpAó, ô GB Aoq} WBìÏú üùõkÿ AüpAðþ, oüBuQ Þê AoR AüpAó oA Gú Îùlû Îùlû Gú oA AüpAó AoR Þê oüBuQ AüpAðþ, üùõkÿ WBìÏú Aoq} GB ô øíB ìÛýíþ ÎÃõ øýBCR ìlüpû øýBCR ÎÃõ ìÛýíþ øíB yBgú AüpAðþ uBqìBó “AoR” uBqìBó AüpAðþ yBgú

ô ÆpÖlAoAó AyÏBo qüHB , , qüHB AyÏBo ÆpÖlAoAó ô kôuPlAoAó 8002 uBë ðõAìHp 03 oôq ko ÎíýÜ ,ô èÇýØ gBðî ìùýò Îíýl (ðãBû) , yBÎpû âpAðÛlo ô ìÏpôÙ, ìÏpôÙ, ô âpAðÛlo yBÎpû , (ðãBû) Îíýl ìùýò gBðî èÇýØ ,ô ÎíýÜ o o kô ÞBoøBüzBó âpAìýlAyQ ô AüzBó qüHBÿ øBÿ upôkû Aq OXéýê GpAÿ ìÏú WB uÇe ko øíãBó AuPÛHBë GB ìpAuî yõðl.Aüò ìþ WíÐ øî oôGpô ylû AuQ ô GpârAo ÞññlâBó @ó gõydBë øvPñl Þú gBðî gBðî Þú øvPñl gõydBë @ó ÞññlâBó GpârAo ô AuQ ylû oôGpô Îíýl Kw Aq ìlOùB GBægpû ìõAÖÛQ gõk oA GpAÿ GpârAoÿ ^ñýò Wzñþ Wzñþ ^ñýò GpârAoÿ GpAÿ oA gõk ìõAÖÛQ GBægpû ìlOùB Aq Kw Îíýl AÎçï Þpkû Aðl.GB @oqôÿ uçìPþ ô ìõÖÛýQ øp ^ú GýzPp GpAÿ gBðî gBðî GpAÿ GýzPp ^ú øp ìõÖÛýQ ô uçìPþ @oqôÿ Aðl.GB Þpkû AÎçï ìùýò Îíýl, üßþ Aq @gpüò upôkû øBÿ AüzBó oA , Þú ìBðñl øíýzú Kp Kp øíýzú ìBðñl Þú , oA AüzBó øBÿ upôkû @gpüò Aq üßþ Îíýl, ìùýò Aq ðßBR ÎíýÜ ô AcvBuBR Kp yõoAuQ koAüò yíBoû ìXéú yõÖBo yõÖBo ìXéú yíBoû koAüò yõoAuQ Kp AcvBuBR ô ÎíýÜ ðßBR Aq ^BN ìþ Þñýî. Þñýî. ìþ ^BN âpAðíBüú yBÎp üà GroâlAyQ

Úôïìò ôOõ ôOõ Úôïìò upôkû : ìùýò Îíýl (ðãBû) Îíýl ìùýò : upôkû vpk AÖ ìdHQ âê ôÆò GBÕ ko ìpk kë ko ôÖB Wéõû Þú qAðpôq

Lpk u géÜ ÿ Wíéú Gú glA @ð`ú øp küpüñú Aè×Q² GpÖQ üBk q A

uPpk üBk Aq ô yßvQ ÞBðpAðPõAó ôOõ ìò Úõï ìýBó Þùò ÎùlüvQ

Gpk kë Aq GvBkâþ ðPõAó øpâr Úpôó øíLBÿ AuQ ìdHPþ küpüñú

ìpkðl Gvþ ÞvBó ô Aüò Îùl ðípk ðípk Îùl Aüò ô ÞvBó Gvþ ìpkðl Îùl Aüò Þõo} q OõoAR Gú AuQ SHQ

¾l GBo q Wõo oðXú âzQ ô Ktìpk Ktìpk ô âzQ oðXú Wõo q GBo ¾l A¾õë KBGñl ô glAyñBx Úõï Aüò

ko KBÿ ôÆò uPBk ^õó ouPî â³pk â³pk ouPî ^õó uPBk ôÆò KBÿ ko uPpá ô GpðB ô KBülAo Aüñùíú GB

ok @q oôAð{ ô oôf uPî ô qWp GB @âBû ðB ìpkï GluQ @ðßú GB

ìBüõx ðzl Aq @ðùíú èÇíú Þú gõok Þú èÇíú @ðùíú Aq ðzl ìBüõx ðãrül WlAüþ øíõÆò ô ìýùò Aq

ô Þpk ô oyPþ ô @moÿ ô KBouþ GB Gõk øílë ô yl @ôAq øî ô øílok

AÖvõx “ðãBû” gvPú kë âú Gýñl âú kë gvPú “ðãBû” AÖvõx

WBÿ ìþ ðBJ WBï èHpür q k³ok q èHpür WBï ðBJ ìþ WBÿ

Wõæÿ 8002 8002 Wõæÿ kìßpAR øB ÞzBðl ÎHBoOñl Aq : Aq ÎHBoOñl ÞzBðl øB kìßpAR

GdpAó AÚP¿Bkÿ GdpAó AkAìú Wñä ÖpuBüzþ ko ÎpAÝ ô AÖÓBðvPBó AÖÓBðvPBó ô ÎpAÝ ko ÖpuBüzþ Wñä AkAìú ìHBoqû GB Opôoüvî Opôoüvî GB ìHBoqû AøíýQ ðlAkó Gú cÛõÝ AÖpAk cÛõÝ Gú ðlAkó AøíýQ Þî Þpkó GõkWú @ìõqyþ ô GùlAyPþ ÞõkÞBó . ÞõkÞBó GùlAyPþ ô @ìõqyþ GõkWú Þpkó Þî Þî OõWùþ ô Wlÿ ðãpÖPò âpï yló ìdýÈ qüvR. ìdýÈ yló âpï ðãpÖPò Wlÿ ô OõWùþ Þî ìýrAó ìBèýBOùB ô ðdõû Agn ô ì¿pÙ @ó. ì¿pÙ ô Agn ðdõû ô ìBèýBOùB ìýrAó @ìpüßB ìñPhI Wíùõo oDýw AôGBìB GBoAá ìíBðÏQ ko uÛÈ Wñýò ô ÚÇÐ Þpkó GõkWú OdÛýÛBOþ GpAÿ GpAÿ OdÛýÛBOþ GõkWú Þpkó ÚÇÐ ô Wñýò uÛÈ ko ìíBðÏQ uéõèùBÿ oüzú Aÿ. oüzú uéõèùBÿ AüpAó Gpup kyõAo GBqÿ ô ìvEéú ìùBWpAó Òýp ÚBðõðþ ô AðPÛBë ìzBÒê Gú gBoZ Aq @ìpüßB. Aq gBoZ Gú ìzBÒê AðPÛBë ô ÚBðõðþ Òýp ìùBWpAó ìvEéú Öpðõ} AüpZ Aq: AOßBF Gú OBìýò uõgQ Aq ìñBGÐ gBoWþ. ìñBGÐ Aq uõgQ OBìýò Gú AOßBF ÞBø{ ìdHõGýQ ô @Gpôÿ @ìpüßB ko uÇe WùBðþ. uÇe ko @ìpüßB @Gpôÿ ô ìdHõGýQ ÞBø{

Aq @ðXBDþ Þú OBSýp AÖßBo Îíõìþ ko ðPýXú AðPhBGBR GvýBo GvýBo AðPhBGBR ðPýXú ko Îíõìþ AÖßBo OBSýp Þú @ðXBDþ Aq ìõSp AuQ , ènAko Aüò AðPhBGBR Agýp kìßpAOùB oôÿ ^ñl ìõok Aq Aq ìõok ^ñl oôÿ kìßpAOùB Agýp AðPhBGBR Aüò ènAko , AuQ ìõSp ÂÏØ øBÿ kôèQ KpqülðQ Gõ} upìBüú ânAoÿ Þpkðl ô GB AuP×Bkû AuP×Bkû GB ô Þpkðl ânAoÿ upìBüú Gõ} KpqülðQ kôèQ øBÿ ÂÏØ Aq ðBoÂBüPþ ìpkï, ôGB OBSýp ânAyPò oôÿ møñýQ oAÿ køñlâBó køñlâBó oAÿ møñýQ oôÿ ânAyPò OBSýp ôGB ìpkï, ðBoÂBüPþ Aq ô Wíùõoÿ gõAøBó ìpkk, oAÿ GvýBoÿ Aq @ðBó oA Gú @oAÿ gõk gõk @oAÿ Gú oA @ðBó Aq GvýBoÿ oAÿ ìpkk, gõAøBó Wíùõoÿ ô AÖrôkû ôko ðPýXú Gú Kýpôqÿ Òýp ìñPËpû Aÿ ouýlðl. Gú Aüò OpOüI OpOüI Aüò Gú ouýlðl. Aÿ ìñPËpû Òýp Kýpôqÿ Gú ðPýXú ôko AÖrôkû Wíùõoÿ gõAøBó yßvQ uñãýñþ oA ìPdíê ylðl. ko Aüò AðPhBGBR AðPhBGBR Aüò ko ylðl. ìPdíê oA uñãýñþ yßvQ gõAøBó Wíùõoÿ ko¾l ko¾l 35 OõAðvQ AôGBìB ô Þpkðl ypÞQ ð×p ìýéýõó 021 Aq Gý{ @oA oA GluQ @ôok. @ôok. GluQ oA @oA Þzõoÿ @ìpüßB kAoðl: Opkül Þú øvPñk ÞvBðþ øñõq “Aâp AôGBìB ko ðÇÜ Kýpôqÿ gõk ko ìýBó 521 ørAo ð×p Aq ÆpÖlAoAð{ ô ô ÆpÖlAoAð{ Aq ð×p ørAo 521 ìýBó ko gõk Kýpôqÿ ðÇÜ ko AôGBìB oôüBÿ øñõq kAok, ôWõk @ó ko ^ýr øíú Þú AuQ â×Q: â×Q: Þpkðl, ìþ âõ} Aô Gú WùBó upAup ko Þú ÞvBðþ Gú gÇBJ ÚloR Gú ðvHQ øñõq ô KBGpWBuQ, @ìpüßB ânAoAó GñýBó “@ðBðþ oA Þú GhõAøñl Gú kðýBÿ ìB ¾lìú GpuBðñl yßvQ gõAøýî gõAøýî yßvQ GpuBðñl ¾lìú ìB kðýBÿ Gú GhõAøñl Þú oA “@ðBðþ oA gõü{ WõAJ ,AìzI kAoðl Opkül @ìpüßB ko kìßpAuþ kAk ô Gú ÞvBðþ Þú ko Kþ ¾ée ô AìñýQ øvPñl üBoÿ gõAøýî ouBðl ouBðl gõAøýî üBoÿ øvPñl AìñýQ ô ¾ée Kþ ko Þú ÞvBðþ Gú ô kAk ìþ üBGñl” ìþ ô Gú @ðùBüþ Þú ìþ Kpuñl @üB @ìpüßB øñõq qðlû AuQ âõyrk ìþ Þñî Þñî ìþ âõyrk AuQ qðlû øñõq @ìpüßB @üB Kpuñl ìþ Þú @ðùBüþ Gú ô gõk Kýpôqÿ ðÇÜ ko AôGBìB- GBoAá Þú AìzI üßHBo küãp SBGQ yl Þú ÚloR @ìpüßB ko ìýrAó ìýrAó ko @ìpüßB ÚloR Þú yl SBGQ küãp üßHBo AìzI Þú OvéýdBR ðËBìþ ô SpôR qüBk} ðývQ, Géßú Aq KBülAoÿ ìpkì{ ko ko ìpkì{ KBülAoÿ Aq Géßú ðývQ, qüBk} SpôR ô ðËBìþ OvéýdBR oAû ouýló Gú kìßpAuþ ô @qAkÿ, AÎÇBÿ Öp¾Q ìvBôÿ Gú øíãBó ô ô øíãBó Gú ìvBôÿ Öp¾Q AÎÇBÿ @qAkÿ, ô kìßpAuþ Gú ouýló oAû WùBó upAup ko yà Glôó AÖPl, ìþ AO×BÝ @ìpüßB ko @ð`ú Aq kuQ ðlAkó Aìýl AuQ.” Aìýl ðlAkó kuQ Aq Æþ ko Þú AìpüßB ko Agýp AðPhBGBR Gõk. gõAøl ASpânAo AðPhBJ GBoAá AôGBìB GpAÿ oüBuQ Wíùõoÿ @ìpüßB ðÛÇú ÎÇ×þ ko ko ÎÇ×þ ðÛÇú @ìpüßB Wíùõoÿ oüBuQ GpAÿ AôGBìB GBoAá AðPhBJ “WBó OõAðvQ ðõÿ, Aüéþ AüBèQ Aq kìßpAR uñBOõo “ AôGBìB “GBoAá @ó OBoüi @ìpüßB gõAøl Gõk. AÞñõó ðú OñùB uýBû KõuPBó AÖPhBo ìþ ìþ AÖPhBo KõuPBó uýBû OñùB ðú AÞñõó Gõk. gõAøl @ìpüßB OBoüi @oürôðB AüBèQ Aq OXpGú GB upGBq ô gõAû Wíùõoÿ Þýò”uñBOõo ìà 20 ú uBüp uBüp ú Géß AuQ, ylû ðBDê oøHpÿ ìÛBï Gú @ðBó Aq üßþ Þú Þññl uýBû Wíùõo oDýw Aôèýò oôüBDþ Kýpôqÿ üà GB ô køl yßvQ oA @ìpüßBDýBó ðýr AÖPhBo ìþ Þññl Þú ko WBìÏú Aÿ qðlâþ ìþ Þññl Þú Þú Þññl ìþ qðlâþ Aÿ WBìÏú ko Þú Þññl ìþ AÖPhBo ðýr @ìpüßBDýBó Aüò ko ðývQ. ìvPTñþ ÚBðõó Aüò Aq yõk, @ìpüßB KõuQ ko @ó uýBû ô u×ýl, ìpk ô qó ô ÖÛýp ô Òñþ øíú GpAGpðl ô Aq Öp¾Q Öp¾Q Aq ô GpAGpðl øíú Òñþ ô ÖÛýp ô qó ô ìpk u×ýl, ô uýBû @ó ko Wíùõoÿ oüBuQ ìÛBï Gp üBÖPò kuQ Gp Îçôû øB kìßpAR AðPhBGBR øBÿ ìvBôÿ GpgõokAoðl. ìvBôÿ øBÿ gõAøBó Wíùõoÿ uñB, ô ðíBüñlâBó ìXéw âýpÿ oACÿ ko OõAðvPñl Kýpôqÿ GBoAá AôGBìB GpAÿ oüBuQ Wíùõoÿ @ìpüßB üßþ Aq Aq üßþ @ìpüßB Wíùõoÿ oüBuQ GpAÿ AôGBìB GBoAá Kýpôqÿ gõk AÞTpüQ âvPp} üÏñþ küãp Kýpôqÿ üà Gú ô kAkû, yßvQ oA ìùíPpüò oôülAk øBÿ Úpó GývQ ô üßî (OB èdËú Þñõðþ) Gú yíBo ìþ ìþ yíBo Gú Þñõðþ) èdËú (OB üßî ô GývQ Úpó øBÿ oôülAk ìùíPpüò ìXéw ko ô Þpuþ 5 uñB ìXéw ko OõAðvPñl øB kìßpAR Gpuñl. @ül. qüpA Þú GpAÿ ðhvPýò GBo üà ðýíú uýBû KõuQ ÞñýBüþ OHBo GB GB OHBo ÞñýBüþ KõuQ uýBû ðýíú üà GBo ðhvPýò GpAÿ Þú qüpA @ül. ko ìvýpyBó OB Gãýpðl gõAøBó Wíùõoÿ Aq oA Þpuþ 02 ðíBüñlâBó oACÿ AÞTpüQ ìpkï ko oACx GroâPpüò ÚloR AÚP¿Bkÿ ô ðËBìþ WùBó WùBó ðËBìþ ô AÚP¿Bkÿ ÚloR GroâPpüò oACx ko ìpkï AÞTpüQ oACÿ Kýpôqÿ ÎBìê uýBuþ OdéýéãpAó Aq GvýBoÿ yõk. øíõAoOp @üñlû Aìõo Aìõo ko Îílû OÓýýpAR yà Glôó AôGBìB Kýpôqÿ âýpk. ìþ ÚpAo øBÿ uýBuQ Aq ìpkï yló gvPú oA 8002 AðPhBGBR ko øB kìßpAR kAgéþ ìíéßQ ô OÓýýpAR AülDõèõsüà ko uýBuQ gBoWþ ko Gp Gp ko gBoWþ uýBuQ ko AülDõèõsüà OÓýýpAR ô ìíéßQ kAgéþ uõÿ Gú oA ìpkï Þú gBoWþ ô kAgéþ ìùî ÎõAìê ìýlAðñl. Gõ} WpZ @yßBo yõk. ô ðýr Gú øíBó kèýê Þú oÖPBo “ÞBèýò KBôë” cBìþ ÖÏéþ ÖÏéþ cBìþ KBôë” “ÞBèýò oÖPBo Þú kèýê øíBó Gú ðýr ô yõk. @yßBo @ôok. Aøl gõ GõWõk Aèíéê Gýò oôAGÈ ko Wlülÿ W¯õ ô kAyQ, gõAøl AôGBìB ko kôoû oøHpÿ kuPãBû uýBuQ gBoWþ @ìpüßB ko GpAGp GpAGp ko @ìpüßB gBoWþ uýBuQ kuPãBû oøHpÿ kôoû ko AôGBìB ìpkï qðlâþ ko Þú OBSýpÿ èdBÍ Gú @ìpüßB 8002 AðPhBGBR AüpAó, AgPçÖþ GB ìõÂÐ AGpAq ylû WBðzýò øípðä Aô “ÞBðlAèýrA “ÞBðlAèýrA Aô øípðä WBðzýò ylû AGpAq ìõÂÐ GB AgPçÖþ AüpAó, gBôoìýBðú ÞzõoøBÿ ìpkï qðlâþ ko ô AÎî GÇõo WùBó upAup ko oAüw” ðlAyQ, Âíò @ðßú ìÏBôðQ AôGBìB Gú Îùlû Þvþ AuQ Þú ko ko Þú AuQ Þvþ Îùlû Gú AôGBìB ìÏBôðQ @ðßú Âíò ðlAyQ, oAüw” AuQ. GpgõokAo gB¾þ AøíýQ Aq kAyQ gõAøl Gp ko AgÀ GÇõo kyíñþ GB cßõìQ AüpAó yùpR ÖpAôAó kAok.” ÖpAôAó yùpR AüpAó cßõìQ GB kyíñþ OõWùþ ÚBGê yBkÿ Wíùõo, oDýw ÎñõAó Gú AôGBìB AðPhBJ oô Aüò Aq ko cÛýÛQ GBoAá AôGBìB ko GdHõcú ìHBoqAR AðPhBGBOþ gõk gõk AðPhBGBOþ ìHBoqAR GdHõcú ko AôGBìB GBoAá cÛýÛQ ko @ôokû ôWõk Gú Auçìþ ÞzõoøBÿ ko ìh¿õ¾B« WùBó upAup ko Þõyýl OB ko AOhBm ìõAÂÐ ylül Îéýú kôèQ AüpAó Aq oÚýI Wíùõoÿ Wíùõoÿ oÚýI Aq AüpAó kôèQ Îéýú ylül ìõAÂÐ AOhBm ko OB Þõyýl ìdBÖê Aq GvýBoÿ gõydBèþ GBÎU AôGBìB Kýpôqÿ âp^ú AuQ. gõAø{ “WBó ìà Þýò” ÎÛI ðíBðl ô oôq Gú oôq Aq ìõÂÐ ðhvPýò ðhvPýò ìõÂÐ Aq oôq Gú oôq ô ðíBðl ÎÛI Þýò” ìà “WBó gõAø{ Aÿ gBôoìýBðú ô Auçìþ ðõÑ GB @ðBó gpuñlÿ AìB yl, øî AoôKBDþ gõk ìHñþ Gp AðXBï ìnAÞpû GB osüî OùpAó ÖB¾éú GýzPpÿ Gãýpk. Gãýpk. GýzPpÿ ÖB¾éú OùpAó osüî GB ìnAÞpû AðXBï Gp ìHñþ gõk AuQ. ìP×BôR GvýBo @ó ôÿ Gú ðÇÜ Acílÿ ðtAk ko uBqìBó ìéê ðýr ôAÞñ{ ylül ðzBó ðzBó ylül ôAÞñ{ ðýr ìéê uBqìBó ko ðtAk Acílÿ ðÇÜ Gú ôÿ GBoAá OBoühþ Kýpôqÿ Gú WùBó ÞzõoøBÿ AÞTp oøHpAó kAk ô AÊùBoAR oDýw Wíùõo AüpAó oA ìzíErÞññlû ô üùõk uPýrAðú uPýrAðú üùõk ô ìzíErÞññlû oA AüpAó Wíùõo oDýw AÊùBoAR ô kAk ðvHQ AüpAó ìÛBìBR ôAÞñ{ kAkðl,‰ôèþ ðzBó ìTHQ ôAÞñ{ AôGBìB kAðvQ. gBoWú Aìõo ôqüp ìPßþ ìñõ^ùp Gõk. ìdPBÆBðú AôGBìB Kýpôqÿ Gú Gú ðËp OdéýéãpAó uýBuþ ko AoôKB, Gú ðËp ðíþ oul Þú osüî osüî Þú oul ðíþ ðËp Gú AoôKB, ko uýBuþ OdéýéãpAó ðËp Gú ï ìpk gõAuQ GPõAðl AôGBìB Þú Þpk AìýlôAoÿ AÊùBo AüpAó OùpAó Aq Kýpôqÿ AôGBìB gzñõk GByl,‰øp^ñl Þú ko OHéýÓBR gõk gõk OHéýÓBR ko Þú GByl,‰øp^ñl gzñõk AôGBìB Kýpôqÿ Aq OùpAó èdò Aq AüpAó uýBuþ OdéýéãpAó Aq GÏÃþ Þñl. Gp@ôokû oA @ìpüßB Aq Aüò Kýpôqÿ GpAÿ Gþ AÎPHBo Þpkó uýBuQ WõoZ Gõ} AuP×Bkû AuP×Bkû Gõ} WõoZ uýBuQ Þpkó AÎPHBo Gþ GpAÿ Kýpôqÿ Aüò Aq GBoAá Kýpôqÿ ìõok ko ìPßþ ìñõ^ùp Þú ðBìñBuHþ áéíBR ô GýBó 21 uýBuQ AôGBìB Aâp Þú kAðñl ìþ AüpAó oøHpAó øí`ñýò Þpk. gõAøl küLéíBOýà ÎpÙ GpgçÙ oA @ó ô Þpkðl AðPÛBk Gõk Þpkû AGpAq AôGBìB Ozlül ÖzBo Îéýú AüpAó oA ko Ký{ Gãýpk GB ìõAðÐ ÞíPpÿ ðvHQ Gú Gú ðvHQ ÞíPpÿ ìõAðÐ GB Gãýpk Ký{ ko oA AüpAó Îéýú ÖzBo Ozlül ko ðtAk Acílÿ AôGBìB,‰ìdíõk Kýpôqÿ AÎçï Aq Kw oôq kô kAðvPñl. WõoZ Gõ} oôGpô gõAøl yl ô Aüò gõk ôÂÏýPþ Oùlül @ìýr GpAÿ GpAÿ @ìýr Oùlül ôÂÏýPþ gõk Aüò ô yl gõAøl oôGpô Gõ} WõoZ AüpAðþ Aoyl ìÛBï Aôèýò ôÿ â×Q. OHpüà oA AôGBìB Kýpôqÿ KýBìþ, AüpAó ìdvõJ ìþ yõk. ìþ ìdvõJ AüpAó ìñPhI Wíùõo oDýw GpAÿ ânyPú uBë uþ ÊpÙ ko Þú Gõkû Aq ìXíõÑ AÊùBo ðËpøBÿ GBoAá AôGBìB ô ìzBôoAð{ ^ñýò ^ñýò ìzBôoAð{ ô AôGBìB GBoAá ðËpøBÿ AÊùBo ìXíõÑ Aq ko OùpAó ^BN ürk” “@ÖPBJ oôqðBìú ÖpuPl. ìþ OHpüà KýBï @ìpüßB GpkAyQ ìýzõkÞú @ðùB Kw Aq @qìõkó ìnAÞpû GB AüpAó ko üà kôoû kôoû üà ko AüpAó GB ìnAÞpû @qìõkó Aq Kw @ðùB ìýzõkÞú GpkAyQ Aq Kpkû @gpüò ouýló KBüBó Gú “ ðõyQ: ^ñýò gõk upìÛBèú ÞõOBû ^ñBð`ú Gú ølÙ A¾éþ gõk ìHñþ Gp OÏéýÜ Òñþ uBqÿ AôoAðýõï AôoAðýõï uBqÿ Òñþ OÏéýÜ Gp ìHñþ gõk A¾éþ ølÙ Gú ^ñBð`ú ÞõOBû ^ñlAðþGp OBCSýp u×ýl ÞBj Gú AôGBìB üBÖPò oAû ô @ìpüßB AðPhBGBR Aq ÆpÙ AüpAó kuQ ðýBGñl uýBuQ AÎíBë ÖzBo oA GB ylR GýzPp Aq Aq GýzPp ylR GB oA ÖzBo AÎíBë uýBuQ ðýBGñl kuQ AüpAó ÆpÙ Aq kìßpAR AuçÙ Þú kAyQ,øíBðÇõo ðhõAøl OùpAó - ôAyñãPò oôAGÈ kôèQ Gõ} ko Ký{ gõAøñl âpÖQ. gõAøñl Ký{ ko Gõ} kôèQ Gú @ðùB ðãBû O×BôR OB ðlAkðl ðzBó cpÞPþ ÞéýñPõó ô ‰ÞBoOp AôGBìB, GBoAá AôGBìB ko Aôèýò Þñ×pAðw ìÇHõÎBOþ gõk Þú ko oôq oôq ko Þú gõk ìÇHõÎBOþ Þñ×pAðw Aôèýò ko AôGBìB GBoAá øB Gõ} ô oüãBó AüzBó- gõAû Wíùõoÿ WBðzýñBó Gú ðvHQ AüpAó gõAuPBo ìHBoqû GB âpôû øB ÿ OpôoüvPþ Auçìþ Gú ôütû crJ Aèéú Aèéú crJ ôütû Gú Auçìþ OpôoüvPþ ÿ øB âpôû GB ìHBoqû gõAuPBo Gpgþ Gú ô cBÂp gHpðãBoAó WíÐ ko âpÖQ, ¾õoR ðõAìHp 7 WíÏú Gõkû AuQ. Gõkû â×Q ôÿ kAk. KBui ðtAk Acílÿ OHpüà ðBìú Wíéú Aq @ðBó uõCAæR Aq ðßPú ÚBGê OõWú Aüñßú AÞTpüQ üùõküBó @ìpüßB Þú kìßpAR kìßpAR Þú @ìpüßB üùõküBó AÞTpüQ Aüñßú OõWú ÚBGê ðßPú BuI ìñ Öp¾Q ko ô AuQ @âBû ðtAk Acílÿ @ÚBÿ ðBìú AouBë Aq øvPñl Gú AôGBìB oACÿ kAkðl. 081 ð×p Aq ðíBüñlâBó ìXéw ô 9 ð×p Aq Aq ð×p 9 ô ìXéw ðíBüñlâBó Aq ð×p 081 kAkðl. oACÿ AôGBìB Gú øvPñl Aÿ øvPú GpðBìú Þú AuQ ìÏPÛl Þú AÖrôk ô kAk gõAøl KBui @ó Gú uðBOõoøBÿ üùõkÿ Aq ðBìrkÿ GBoAá AôGBìB GpAÿ oüBuQ Wíùõoÿ Wíùõoÿ oüBuQ GpAÿ AôGBìB GBoAá ðBìrkÿ Aq üùõkÿ uðBOõoøBÿ GpAÿ WùBðþ Oçyþ Gú ðýBq Þú Þpk OBCÞýl ô ðývQ ÚHõë ÚBGê AüpAó KzPýHBðþ Þpkû Gõkðl ô GvýBoÿ Aq ìzBôoAó Þéýlÿ AôGBìB üùõkÿ üùõkÿ AôGBìB Þéýlÿ ìzBôoAó Aq GvýBoÿ ô Gõkðl Þpkû KzPýHBðþ øí`ñBó AüpAó Þú Þpk AÂBÖú ô AuQ AüpAó AÚlAìBR Aüò Þpkó ìPõÚØ øvPñl. Þñl. ìþ cíBüQ OpôoüvPþ uBqìBðùBÿ Aq uñBOõo “Wõ GBüló” ìÏBôó Aô ðýr øíõAoû üßþ Aq KzPýHBðBó KzPýHBðBó Aq üßþ øíõAoû ðýr Aô ìÏBôó GBüló” “Wõ uñBOõo Þzõo AupADýê ko uñBÿ @ìpüßB Gõkû AuQ. Gõkû @ìpüßB uñBÿ ko AupADýê Þzõo @ìpüßB Wíùõoÿ oüBuQ GpAÿ AôGBìB GBoAá AðPhBJ GBoAá AôGBìB “ocî AüíBðõDê” ðíBüñlû ìXéw Aq AüBèQ Aüéþ ðõÿ oA oA ðõÿ Aüéþ AüBèQ Aq ìXéw ðíBüñlû AüíBðõDê” “ocî AôGBìB GBoAá ðú AÞñõó Gõk. gõAøl @ìpüßB OBoüi ko ÎÇ×þ ðÛÇú Þú üà üùõkÿ AuQ Gú oüBuQ kÖPp gõk Þú üà uíQ Þéýlÿ AuQ AuQ Þéýlÿ uíQ üà Þú gõk kÖPp oüBuQ Gú AuQ üùõkÿ üà Þú @ðBó Aq üßþ Þú Þññl ìþ AÖPhBo KõuPBó uýBû OñùB AðPhBJ Þpkû AuQ. Þpkû AðPhBJ @ìpüßBDýBó uBüp Géßú AuQ, ylû ðBDê oøHpÿ ìÛBï Gú Glôó yà AôGBìB ko kôoAó oüBuP{ GB ìzßçR qüBkÿ oôGpô oôGpô qüBkÿ ìzßçR GB oüBuP{ kôoAó ko AôGBìB yà Glôó Þññl ìþ qðlâþ Aÿ WBìÏú ko Þú Þññl ìþ AÖPhBo ðýr gõAøl Gõk. GùHõk ôÂÐ AÚP¿Bkÿ ô KBüBó kAkó Wñä ÎpAÝ Aq AôèõüQ AôèõüQ Aq ÎpAÝ Wñä kAkó KBüBó ô AÚP¿Bkÿ ôÂÐ GùHõk Gõk. gõAøl gB¾þ GpgõokAo øvPñl. Aìýl AuQ Þú ko qìBó qìBìlAoÿ ôÿ ôÿ qìBìlAoÿ qìBó ko Þú AuQ Aìýl øvPñl. GpgõokAo gB¾þ øíú Òñþ ô ÖÛýp ô qó ô ìpk u×ýl, ô uýBû @ó ko Þú oôAGÈ AüpAó ô @ìpüßB ô øí`ñýò oôAGÈ AüpAó ô AupADýê Aq kyíñþ kyíñþ Aq AupADýê ô AüpAó oôAGÈ øí`ñýò ô @ìpüßB ô AüpAó oôAGÈ GpgõokAoðl. ìvBôÿ øBÿ Öp¾Q Aq ô GpAGpðl Gú kôuPþ OHlüê âpkk ô ôÿ GPõAðl GB AÎíBë ð×õm, ‰üà ¾ée KBülAo ô ô KBülAo ¾ée ‰üà ð×õm, AÎíBë GB GPõAðl ôÿ ô âpkk OHlüê kôuPþ Gú ypAÖPíñlAðú Gýò AupADýéýBó ô ÖévÇýñýBó GpÚpAo Þññl. GpÚpAo ÖévÇýñýBó ô AupADýéýBó Gýò ypAÖPíñlAðú THQ ì GvýBo AôGBìB GBoAá Kýpôqÿ Aq AupADýê ìÛBìBR ôAÞñ{ oDýw Wíùõo ìñPhI oôq 02 sAðõüú 9002 ouíB« qìBï ÚloR ÚloR qìBï ouíB« 9002 sAðõüú 02 oôq ìñPhI Wíùõo oDýw Aÿ @üñlû KýzõAq Gú @ìpüßB ô AupADýê oôAGÈ Þú Þpkðl AÎçï Gõk,‰@ðùB oA ko kuQ ìýãýpk ô Gú Æõo ouíþ kôoAó oüBuQ Wíùõoÿ WõoZ WõoZ Wíùõoÿ oüBuQ kôoAó ouíþ Æõo Gú ô ìýãýpk kuQ ko oA ìýBó AoOHBÉ kAok AÆíýñBó Þú Þpk OBCÞýl AèípR Aøõk oôk. ìþ oôyò Gõ} Gú KBüBó ìþ oul. ìþ KBüBó Gú Gõ} gõAøl Op Úõÿ AôGBìB Wíùõoÿ oüBuQ kôoAó ko @ìpüßB ô AupADýê yl. AôGBìB GBoøB OBCÞýl Þpkû Þú gõk oA ðvHQ Gú AìñýQ AupADýê AupADýê AìñýQ Gú ðvHQ oA gõk Þú Þpkû OBCÞýl GBoøB AôGBìB yl. ìPÏùl ìþ kAðl ô Aüò ìõÂõÑ ÚBGê ^Bðú qkó ðývQ. ôÿ øíýzú øíýzú ôÿ ðývQ. qkó ^Bðú ÚBGê ìõÂõÑ Aüò ô kAðl ìþ ìPÏùl

ko èùvPBó Þú ko @ó Gý{ Gý{ @ó ko Þú èùvPBó ko Aq 5/3 ìýéýõó ð×p üùõkÿ üùõkÿ ð×p ìýéýõó 5/3 Aq qðlâþ ìþ Þpkðl GpKB ìþ ìþ GpKB Þpkðl ìþ qðlâþ yõk. ko@ÒBq uBë 2491 ko ko 2491 uBë ko@ÒBq Wévú Aÿ GB ypÞQ @üzíò @üzíò ypÞQ GB Aÿ Wévú ô61 Oò Aq upAó Géñl KBüú KBüú Géñl upAó Aq Oò ô61 ðBqÿ GpðBìú ÚPê 11 ìýéýõó ìýéýõó 11 ÚPê GpðBìú ðBqÿ üùõküBó AoôKB Gpouþ ô ô Gpouþ AoôKB üùõküBó y{ ÚPê ô @üzíò @kôèØ GP¿õüI ìýpul. ìýpul. GP¿õüI Aq @ó oôq Gú GÏl ÆHÜ ÆHÜ GÏl Gú oôq @ó Aq üùõkÿ ìýéýõó kuPõo @üzíò üùõküBó Aq Aq üùõküBó @üzíò kuPõo ¾lÝ èõÿ ìùpkAk : Aq ðÛBÉ ìhPéØ AoôKB koÚÇBo koÚÇBo AoôKB ìhPéØ ðÛBÉ øBDþ Þú koJ ôKñXpû øBüzBó Gßéþ ìvlôk ylû Gõkðl Þú øõA Gú Gú øõA Þú Gõkðl ylû ìvlôk Gßéþ øBüzBó ôKñXpû koJ Þú øBDþ ìvEéú ðùBDþ “cê GpðBìú @üzíò kôï,@kôèØ WùBðþ Wñä ko ìvBÖpAó @ðBó ðpul ô Glôó ÒnA Gú uõÿ ÞìM øBÿ ìpå ÖpuPBkû ÖpuPBkû ìpå øBÿ ÞìM uõÿ Gú ÒnA Glôó ô ðpul @ðBó ìvBÖpAó Aq ìýéýõó 6 @ó Kþ ko Þú ouBðýl GBðXBï ô ÆpAcþ oA üùõküBó” ìþ yõðl. yõðl. ìþ ouýlðl. ÚPê Gú AoôKB üùõküBó ko uBë øBÿ 5491-2491 ÚpüI Gú 2 ìýéýõó ð×p Aq üùõküBó ko ko üùõküBó Aq ð×p ìýéýõó 2 Gú ÚpüI 5491-2491 øBÿ uBë ko ÞõOBû ìlOþ Aq Kw ô @ìl kðýB Gú @èíBó ko 6091 uBë ko @üzíò ðPýXú g×ãþ, âpuñãþ, âéõèú GBoAó ô Òýpû ô GB Þíà üùõkÿ uPýrAó uPýrAó üùõkÿ Þíà GB ô Òýpû ô GBoAó âéõèú âpuñãþ, g×ãþ, ðPýXú kôèØ A qìBó @ó ko Þú AÆpü{ ko yùpÞþ Gú gõk gBðõAkû øípAû èùvPBðþ, Aq KBÿ ko ìþ@üñlô4 ìýéýõó ð×p küãp ko AÆBÝ øBÿ âBq ko ko âBq øBÿ AÆBÝ ko küãp ð×p ìýéýõó ìþ@üñlô4 ko KBÿ Aq èùvPBðþ, Þpk. Þõb Þpk ìþ qðlâþ @ðXB ko øýPép ÞìM øB Gú ÚPê ìýpuñl. ìýpuñl. ÚPê Gú øB ÞìM ouBðýl KBüBó Gú ìùñluþ oyPú ko oA gõk Od¿ýçR Aô ko uBë 5491 upGBqAó AìpüßBDþ GB ôoôk Gú Gpèýò ÒpGþ ÒpGþ Gpèýò Gú ôoôk GB AìpüßBDþ upGBqAó 5491 uBë ko “üùõküBó” ÚvíQ ko ô KýõuQ @èíBó ðBqÿ crJ Gú 2391 uBë ko ô @üzíò oA kuPãýp ô qðlAðþ Þpkðl ôèþ Aô Aq ìõÚÏýQ øpZ ô ìpZ ìpZ ô øpZ ìõÚÏýQ Aq Aô ôèþ Þpkðl qðlAðþ ô kuPãýp oA @üzíò Ð Wí ô üùõküBó yñBgQ ô @yñBDþ GpAÿ Aô ðíõk. ÞBo Gú ypôÑ AuP×Bkû ðíõk ô Aq qðlAó âpühQ ô kouBë 0591 OõuÈ âpôû øBÿ øBÿ âpôû OõuÈ 0591 kouBë ô âpühQ qðlAó Aq ô ðíõk AuP×Bkû ô oÖQ ìþ ÞñývBøB ô üùõküBó AWPíBÑ ìpAÞr Gú æqï AÆçÎBR @ôoÿ ðBqÿ Aq @èíBó ÖpAoÿ kAkû yl. kAkû ÖpAoÿ @èíBó Aq ðBqÿ ìþ cPþ ô yl @yñB üùõküBó ouõï ô @kAJ GB ðrküà Aq ÆpüÜ Aüò Gú Aô ko uBë 0691 OõuÈ ìBCìõoAó “ìõuBk”kuPãýp ô Gú AupADýê AupADýê Gú ô “ìõuBk”kuPãýp ìBCìõoAó OõuÈ 0691 uBë ko Aô Þñl. ¾dHQ Aülü{ qGBó Gú øî Aÿ Wíéú ^ñl OõAðvQ @ôokû yl, ô Kw Aq ìdBÞíú Gú kAo @ôühPú yl. yl. @ôühPú kAo Gú ìdBÞíú Aq Kw ô yl, @ôokû ìvEéú cê GpAÿ Þú yl kAkû ìBìõoüQ Aô Gú 7391 uBë ko ko Aüò ÚvíQ OpWíú ìÛBèú ÞõOBøþ Gú Úéî qðlû üBk “Aüvp “Aüvp üBk qðlû Úéî Gú ÞõOBøþ ìÛBèú OpWíú ÚvíQ Aüò ko ÎpJ upAó GB â×Pãõ GpAÿ AGPlA Þñl.Aô KýzñùBk oA øBüþ oAû üùõküBó øBoë” oA Þú ko @ó qìBó oüBuQ ìõuBk oA GÏùlû kAyQ Gú cÃõo cÃõo Gú kAyQ GÏùlû oA ìõuBk oüBuQ qìBó @ó ko Þú oA øBoë” @ðXB Gú ÖévÇýò ko AoôKB üùõküBó Aq âpôøþ AußBó AìßBó koGBoû yíB OÛlüî ìþ Þñî: Þñî: ìþ OÛlüî yíB Gú üùõkÿ øp ôoôk GB qìBó @ó ko øB ÖévÇýñþ upAó Þpk. u×p “ ko uBë 2591 GB ouýlðî Gú KvQ oüBuQ ìõuBk kuPãýpÿ kuPãýpÿ ìõuBk oüBuQ KvQ Gú ouýlðî GB 2591 uBë ko “ ôÚQ @ó øB,‰cBÞíBó Aðãéýw ô ðíõkðl ìþ ìhBè×Q ylR Gú ÖévÇýò WñBüPßBoAó ðBqÿ ô ko oAx @ðBó @kôèØ @üzíò oA Þú ÎBìê ÞzPBo 6 ÞzPBo ÎBìê Þú oA @üzíò @kôèØ @ðBó oAx ko ô ðBqÿ WñBüPßBoAó Þñl. Opá oA upqìýò @ó Þú gõAuPñl Aô Aq ÖévÇýò, ìýéýõó ð×p Aq Úõï ìB Gõkðl ko oACx GpðBìú ÞBo gõk ÚpAo kAkï. kAkï. ÚpAo gõk ÞBo GpðBìú oACx ko Gõkðl ìB Úõï Aq ð×p ìýéýõó AÆpü{ ko üùõküBó AkAoû upKpuPþ Gú Aô 8391 uBë ko ìPBCu×Bðú OíBï WvPXõøBÿ ìB GpAÿ KýlA ðíõkó @üzíò Gú ðPýXú ðPýXú Gú @üzíò ðíõkó KýlA GpAÿ ìB WvPXõøBÿ OíBï ìPBCu×Bðú Öpkÿ øp Þú Þpk, AÎçï üùõküBó Aq AÆpü{ Ohéýú GpAÿ yl, âíByPú P r ” ” r P Kpü “kÞPp ðBï Gú yh¿þ 7591 uBë ko Aüñßú OB ðpuýlðl Aÿ oA AÆpü{ Aq gpôZ AWBqû GpkAok kuQ gõk kAoADþ OíBìþ Aq Þú kAkuPBó AuPBó “øvò” ko @èíBó GíB gHp kAk Þú ÆHÜ AÆçÎþ Þú Gú Gú Þú AÆçÎþ ÆHÜ Þú kAk gHp GíB @èíBó ko “øvò” AuPBó kAkuPBó gBoZ AÆpü{ Aq ÆpüÜ Aüò Gú ð×p ørAo 001 Gú ÚpüI âpÖQ. gõAøl 24 Aô ouýlû, @üzíò ko yùp “Gõðw @üpw” ô GñBï “oüßBokô ÞéíñQ” ÞéíñQ” “oüßBokô GñBï ô @üpw” “Gõðw yùp ko @üzíò ouýlû, Aô ylðl. qðlâþ ìþ Þñl. Gpouþ øBÿ Aôèýú ìB Aüò gHp oA OBDýl Þpkðl ô øíBó øíBó ô Þpkðl OBDýl oA gHp Aüò ìB Aôèýú øBÿ Gpouþ Þñl. ìþ qðlâþ A¾éþ ølÙ ìpcéú Aüò OB yBül Þú ðíõk AuPñHBÉ OõAó ìþ yI Kpôðlû @üzíò oA GpAÿ ìÇBèÏú Gú gBðú Gpkï. GB ìpôo ¾×dBR ¾×dBR ìpôo GB Gpkï. gBðú Gú ìÇBèÏú GpAÿ oA @üzíò Kpôðlû yI GÏl Gú OBoüi Aüò Aq ìvéíB« ôèþ Gõkû, üùõküBó Aq AoôKB Ohéýú @üzíò Kpôðlû ko Wéõ ^zíî üà Aøpüíò ÍBøp yl Þú GB Ú¿BôR ÚéHþ Gþ Gþ ÚéHþ Ú¿BôR GB Þú yl ÍBøp Aøpüíò üà ^zíî Wéõ ko Kpôðlû yõk. ìþ @ÒBq AoôKB üùõküBó AðùlAï oürÿ GpðBìú ðËýp, Gý{ Aq ðýíþ Aq üùõküBó AoôKB oA ðBGõk ðíõkû Gõk. ko øíBó øíBó ko Gõk. ðíõkû ðBGõk oA AoôKB üùõküBó Aq ðýíþ Aq Gý{ ðËýp, Opüò KpÚloR Aq üßþ Þú oüBuQâzOBKõ Gú Aüzíò 9391 uBë ko yI ìò ì¿íî ylïÞú Gú øp ðdõÿ Þú AìßBó Knüp GByl Aô oA GpAÿ GpAÿ oA Aô GByl Knüp AìßBó Þú ðdõÿ øp Gú ylïÞú ì¿íî ìò yI Aô yõk. ìþ ìñ¿õJ yl ìþ ìdvõJ øB ðBqÿ kuPãBû ko øB KvQ ìdBÞíú Gú AupADýê GýBôoï. AupADýê Gú ìdBÞíú AoO{ OõuÈ Þú ÞzõoøBDþ Aq üà øp Aq üùõküBó Þú køl ìþ kuPõo GpAÿ AðXBï Aüò GpðBìú ko ôAÚÐ kô oAû ôWõk kAyQ. Aôèþ, Aôèþ, kAyQ. ôWõk oAû kô ôAÚÐ ko GpðBìú Aüò AðXBï GpAÿ uýî GB Þú ÞìMøBDþ ko ô ylû @ôoÿ WíÐ yõðl ìþ O¿pÙ @èíBó kogõAuQ kuPãýpÿ Aô OõuÈ kôèQ @osAðPýò Æþ ìpAcê ÚBðõðþ ô ô ÚBðõðþ ìpAcê Æþ @osAðPýò kôèQ OõuÈ Aô kuPãýpÿ kogõAuQ ÞìM GroâPpüò yõðl. ðãùlAoÿ Gõk ylû AcBÆú GpÚþ gBokAo øBÿ Gýùõyþ ÚpAo kAyQ OõuÈ øõAKýíBÿ A²ë @ë Gú AupADýê @ôokû yl. yl. @ôokû AupADýê Gú @ë A²ë øõAKýíBÿ OõuÈ kAyQ ÚpAo Gýùõyþ ìõAÖÛQ @ó GB @osAðPýò kôèQ øî Aâp Þú Gõk AupADýê Gú Aô AuPpkAk GÏl Aq ðÇÜ kAôül Gò âõoüõó kôèQ @osAðPýò Gú ylR Gú kôèQ kôèQ Gú ylR Gú @osAðPýò kôèQ âõoüõó Gò kAôül ðÇÜ Aq GÏl ô AðXBìñl Æõë Gú øB uBë üB ô øB ìBû ìpAcê Aüò Þú Gõk ìíßò Þpk ìþ AupADýê AÎPpAÅ ðíõk ô uLw Gú uBqìBó ìéê yßBüQ Þpk ôèþ Kw Kw ôèþ Þpk yßBüQ ìéê uBqìBó Gú uLw ô ðíõk AÎPpAÅ AupADýê üB ô @üzíò AÆçÑ Gú ìõÂõÑ Aüò Þú Aÿ èdËú ko Þú Gõkï ìÇíEò ìò Aq uú ìBû oôAGÈ kô Þzõo Gú cBë ÎBkÿ GBqâzQ. GBqâzQ. ÎBkÿ cBë Gú Þzõo kô oôAGÈ ìBû uú Aq ¾dñú Aq øíýzú GpAÿ ìpOHú Aüò ô küãp, GBo Aô Gpul ðBqÿ øBÿ âpôû Kéýw AupADýê GpAÿ c×BÊQ Aq WBó @üzíò Gú AÚlAìBR âvPpkû Aÿ Aÿ âvPpkû AÚlAìBR Gú @üzíò WBó Aq c×BÊQ GpAÿ AupADýê Kéýw oAû OñùB Þú Gõk AupADýê Gú Aô ðÛê ô oGõkó kôï oAû yl. gõAøl ðBKlül kuQ qk ô ko WévBR kAkâBû Aô oA ko AÆBÚà yýzú Aÿ Þú Aq yýzú yýzú Aq Þú Aÿ yýzú AÆBÚà ko oA Aô kAkâBû WévBR ko ô qk kuQ ðíõkï. AðPhBJ oA oAû Aüò ìò ô Gõk ølÙ Gú ouýló GpAÿ ìíßò øBÿ Âl âéõèú uBgPú ylû Gõk ÚpAo ìýlAk. Aôko kAkâBû Gú ÞzPBo ÞzPBo Gú kAkâBû Aôko ìýlAk. ÚpAo Gõk ylû uBgPú âéõèú Âl øBÿ ðËp âõoüõó Gò kAôül @ÚBÿ ôqüp ðhvQ GB ìçÚBOþ ko oôq @ó ÖpkAÿ üùõküBó AÎPpAÙ ðíõk ôèþ GÏñõAó Aüñßú Aô ÖÛÈ kuPõoAR ìBÖõÝ ìBÖõÝ kuPõoAR ÖÛÈ Aô Aüñßú GÏñõAó ôèþ ðíõk AÎPpAÙ üùõküBó oôAGÈ ko Îíê Aüò Þú ìzßçOþ koGBoû ô ðíõkï KýzñùBk Aô Gú oA gõk gõk oA AðXBï kAkû gõk oA Gþ âñBû ìþ kAðvQ. ìþ âñBû Gþ oA gõk kAkû AðXBï oA gõk ÎÛýlû âõoüõó Þpküî.Gò GdU Þpk gõAøl AüXBk @osAðPýò ô AupADýê kAkâBû @üzíò oA ìXpï Gú WñBüBR Gp Âl Úõï üùõk yñBgQ ô ô yñBgQ üùõk Úõï Âl Gp WñBüBR Gú ìXpï oA @üzíò kAkâBû Úõï kyíò ô GzpüQ OBoüi WñBüPßBo GroâPpüò @ôokó Þú kAyQ AôoA ìdßõï Gú AÎlAï ðíõk. ðíõk. AÎlAï Gú ìdßõï AôoA ìùíþ GvýBo AgçÚþ ô OBoühþ AøíýQ kAoAÿ AupADýê kAkâBû Gú üùõk GÏl Aq AÎlAï Wvl Aô oA uõqAðýlû ô Gú koüB oühPñl OB ASpÿ Aq Aq ASpÿ OB oühPñl koüB Gú ô uõqAðýlû oA Aô Wvl AÎlAï Aq GÏl ìÛBüvú ÚBGê Þú AuQ WõAó ðvê g¿õÁ Gú ô üùõkÿ WBìÏú GpAÿ Aô GBÚþ ðíBðl. ðíBðl. GBÚþ Aô ô oGõkû oA Aô Þú yl âpÖPú O¿íýî KBüBó ko ô ðývQ küãp ìvBDê GB ìPBCu×Bðú Aìpôq øî ÞvBðþ øvPñl Þú ôÚBüÐ øBèõÞBuQ oA oA øBèõÞBuQ ôÚBüÐ Þú øvPñl ÞvBðþ øî Aìpôq ìPBCu×Bðú GýBôoüî. AupADýê Gú kAoðl kAoðl ìþ Gp Úlï ìvýpÿ øíBó AGPlAÿ ko yBül Þññlô ìþ OßnüI ko ¾l Þú yl kogõAuQ AGPlA ko @osAðPýò ko ìõuBk ìBìõoAó Aq Þú @üzíò ô üBoAð{ @ðpA Æþ ðíõkðl. ôèþ Aâp ko Wñä WùBðþ kôï kôï WùBðþ Wñä ko Aâp ôèþ ðíõkðl. Æþ @ðpA üBoAð{ ô @üzíò Þú øýa ô AuQ @üzíò øíBó ÞéíñQ” “oüßBokô Þú yõðl ìÇíEò ¾l Þzõo AupADýê ôWõk kAyQ @üzíò ô üBoAð{ øpâr ìõÖÜ Gú AðXBï AðXBï Gú ìõÖÜ øpâr üBoAð{ ô @üzíò kAyQ ôWõk AupADýê Þzõo ìdê koAqÿ ìlR Æõë ko uLw ðlAok. ôWõk Aô øõüQ ko AyPHBøþ ^ñýò Îíê ôczýBðú ô ÖXýÏþ ðíþ ylðl. ðíþ ÖXýÏþ ô ôczýBðú Îíê ^ñýò Gú Aô Ûê ð ô oGõkó GpðBìú ô âpÖQ ÚpAo ðËp OdQ Aô ÞBo ô qðlâþ GpAÿ ìÇBèÏú kAuPBó ÞBìê Aüò ìBWpA ìþ OõAðýl Gú ÞPBJ : “gBðú Aÿ ko ko Aÿ “gBðú : ÞPBJ Gú OõAðýl ìþ ìBWpA Aüò ÞBìê kAuPBó ìÇBèÏú GpAÿ ìBCìõoAó OõuÈ Aô 0691 uBë ìþ ìBû ko GBægpû yl. @ìBkû AupADýê gýBGBó âBoüHBèlÿ” oWõÑ ÖpìBDýl. oWõÑ âBoüHBèlÿ” gýBGBó yl. Gpkû Gõk ylû OÏýýò ÚHê Aq Þú Aìñþ ìßBó Gú ô kuPãýp ìõuBk (ko @ó ìõÚÐ @ÚBÿ “Aüvp øBoë” gõk Gú @osAðPýò oÖPú Gõk ô Aq ðrküà ðrküà Aq ô Gõk oÖPú @osAðPýò Gú gõk øBoë” “Aüvp @ÚBÿ ìõÚÐ @ó (ko Gp AWpAÿ GpðBìú ðËBoR kAyQ-ï ë). kAyQ-ï ðËBoR GpðBìú AWpAÿ Gp ìBCìõoüò ìõuBk ko AGPlA GBôo kAyPñl Þú @üzíò yh¿þ yh¿þ @üzíò Þú kAyPñl GBôo AGPlA ko ìõuBk ìBCìõoüò GvýBo qüpá ô ìßBo AuQ Þú øp @ó ìþ OõAðl Úlìþ ÒýpìñPËpû Gp- ÒýpìñPËpû Úlìþ OõAðl ìþ @ó øp Þú AuQ ìßBo ô qüpá GvýBo kAok ôèþ GÏl Aq ìlR ÞõOBøþ Kþ Gpkðl Þú Aô yh¿þ KvQ ô GvýBo GvýBo ô KvQ yh¿þ Aô Þú Gpkðl Kþ ÞõOBøþ ìlR Aq GÏl ôèþ kAok Opuõ GB uÇe Ößpÿ KBDýò Op Aq ìPõuÈ AuQ Þú cBÂp AuQ GpAÿ GpAÿ AuQ cBÂp Þú AuQ ìPõuÈ Aq Op KBDýò Ößpÿ uÇe GB Opuõ gõydBë ðíõkó ðãùHBðBð{ Gú øp Îíéþ kuQ Grðl. kuQ Îíéþ øp Gú ðãùHBðBð{ ðíõkó gõydBë ^pA Þzõo AupADýê ko @ó kôoAó ìzßê ô GdpAðþ @ìBkû Gõk Gú Gú Gõk @ìBkû GdpAðþ ô ìzßê kôoAó @ó ko AupADýê Þzõo ^pA ^ñýò AÚlAìþ kuQ Grðl ô gõk oA ko ìÏpÅ ìzßçR uýBuþ ô Gýò Gýò ô uýBuþ ìzßçR ìÏpÅ ko oA gõk ô Grðl kuQ AÚlAìþ ^ñýò Aèíéþ ÚpAo køl? KBui AüñvQ Þú AupADýê üà Þzõo ÎBkÿ ðývQ ðývQ ÎBkÿ Þzõo üà AupADýê Þú AüñvQ KBui køl? ÚpAo Aèíéþ ô gõk oA cBìþ ô ÂBìò øp üùõkÿ ko øp ðÛÇú WùBó ìþ kAðl. Gú Gú kAðl. ìþ WùBó ðÛÇú øp ko üùõkÿ øp ÂBìò ô cBìþ oA gõk ô Aüò WùQ GvýBo ìùî Gõk Þú Aüò WñBüPßBo Gú AupADýê @ôokû yõk ô ô yõk @ôokû AupADýê Gú WñBüPßBo Aüò Þú Gõk ìùî GvýBo WùQ Aüò yõk. yõk. ìdBÞíú Gõkû ÚPézBó ÎBìê Aô Þú @ðBðþ GBqìBðlâBó OõuÈ ìdBÞíú Aô ìdBÞíú GroâPpüò WñBüPßBo OBoüi GzpüQ Gõk ôAâp ìB ìB ôAâp Gõk GzpüQ OBoüi WñBüPßBo GroâPpüò ìdBÞíú Aô ìdBÞíú 25 ðíõkû gýBðQ gõk AølAÙ Gú Þpküî ðíþ Aô ìdBÞíú ô @ôokó Gú AÚlAï Gõküî.” Gõküî.” Kw Aq ðÛê @üzíò Gú AupADýê kAôül Gò âõoüõó ko ÞñvQ ÞñvQ ko âõoüõó Gò kAôül AupADýê Gú @üzíò ðÛê Aq Kw KBoèíBó AupADýê gHp kuPãýpÿ ô AðPÛBë @üzíò Gú AupADýê oA Gú Gú oA AupADýê Gú @üzíò AðPÛBë ô kuPãýpÿ gHp AupADýê KBoèíBó AÆçÑ Îíõï ouBðýl ô Aq AÖpAk ìõuBk Ozßp ðíõk. Aüò gHp Þzõo Þzõo gHp Aüò ðíõk. Ozßp ìõuBk AÖpAk Aq ô ouBðýl Îíõï AÆçÑ oA OßBó kAk. ko AGPlA AÆçÎBR qüBkÿ ko GBoû ^ãõðãþ Aüò AÚlAï ko ko AÚlAï Aüò ^ãõðãþ GBoû ko qüBkÿ AÆçÎBR AGPlA ko kAk. OßBó oA kuPpxðHõk ôèþ Gú OloüY oôqðBìú øB WrDýBR WpüBó oA ìñPzp ìñPzp oA WpüBó WrDýBR øB oôqðBìú OloüY Gú ôèþ kuPpxðHõk ðíõkðl Þú ÆHÜ Aüò ârAo} øB ko oôq üBqkøî ìBû ìþ 0691 ìBCìõoüò ìBCìõoüò 0691 ìþ ìBû üBqkøî oôq ko øB ârAo} Aüò ÆHÜ Þú ðíõkðl ìõuBk @üzíò oA ko ìõÚÐ GpâzPò Aq ÞBo Gú ìñrë oGõkû ô Aô oA ìlR ìlR oA Aô ô oGõkû ìñrë Gú ÞBo Aq GpâzPò ìõÚÐ ko oA @üzíò ìõuBk 01 oôq ko gBðú Aÿ ðãú kAyPñl. uLw ko cBèýßú Aô OdQ OBCSýp kAoôÿ kAoôÿ OBCSýp OdQ Aô cBèýßú ko uLw kAyPñl. ðãú Aÿ gBðú ko oôq 01 GíõWI âpAOr ko @ðpôq ko clôk ^ùê ørAo ð×p Gú ÚPê ouýlû ouýlû ÚPê Gú ð×p ørAo ^ùê clôk ko @ðpôq ko âpAOr GíõWI ô GvýBoÿ øî Gú Gpkâþ ÖpôgPú ylðl èýßò @ðÇýõÞõx Gú øíýò WB WB øíýò Gú @ðÇýõÞõx èýßò ylðl ÖpôgPú Gpkâþ Gú øî GvýBoÿ ô ÚñBÎQ ðßpkû gõAuQ Þú @Dýò üùõk oA ÞBìç Aq ìýBó GpkAok. GpAÿ GpAÿ GpkAok. ìýBó Aq ÞBìç oA üùõk @Dýò Þú gõAuQ ðßpkû ÚñBÎQ Aüò ìñËõo Îíê gPñú ôAuPpAcQ oôq yñHú oA ÚlÒò ðíõk, ô ÆõìBo ÆõìBo ô ðíõk, ÚlÒò oA yñHú oôq ôAuPpAcQ gPñú Îíê ìñËõo Aüò øBÿ OõoAR oAKBoû, ô AWPíBÎBR ìnøHþ oA ðýr AÞýlA ìíñõÑ Þpk. GpAÿ GpAÿ Þpk. ìíñõÑ AÞýlA ðýr oA ìnøHþ AWPíBÎBR ô oAKBoû, OõoAR øBÿ Oßíýê kuPõoAR gõk, ÖpìBó kAk Þú ko øíú yùp øB glAüBó üõðBðþ üõðBðþ glAüBó øB yùp øíú ko Þú kAk ÖpìBó gõk, kuPõoAR Oßíýê oA KpuP{ ðíBüñl ðíBüñl KpuP{ oA üõðBðýBó Gú glAüBó ìPÏlk ìÏPÛl Gõkû Gõkû ìÏPÛl ìPÏlk glAüBó Gú üõðBðýBó ƒ üõðBðþ glAüBó GpAÿ øp üà Aq ìËBøp ÆHýÏQ glADþ O¿õo Þpkû ô @ðpA G¿õoR GQ GQ G¿õoR @ðpA ô Þpkû O¿õo glADþ ÆHýÏQ ìËBøp Aq üà øp GpAÿ ìXvî ìþ Þpkðl. ìTç @Kõèõó oJ AèñõÑ @ÖPBJ, KõqDýlôó oJ AèñõÑ AèñõÑ oJ KõqDýlôó @ÖPBJ, AèñõÑ oJ @Kõèõó ìTç Þpkðl. ìþ ìXvî koüB øB , ôðõx oJ AèñõÑ ÎzÜ, GBÞõx oJ AèñõÑ ypAJ ô Òýpû Òýpû ô ypAJ AèñõÑ oJ GBÞõx ÎzÜ, AèñõÑ oJ ôðõx , øB koüB üùõk OBoüi ÞPBJ Aq :Kpôür oøHp :Kpôür Aq ôÒýpû ... ô glAÿ øíú @ó glAüBó qDõx üB sôKýPp Gõk Þú AoGBJ AðõAÑ AðõAÑ AoGBJ Þú Gõk sôKýPp üB qDõx glAüBó @ó øíú glAÿ ô ... ôÒýpû ô glAüBó WrF Aq ôÿ AÆBÎQ ìþ Þpkðl. Aüò glAüBó øíú AcvBuBR AcvBuBR øíú glAüBó Aüò Þpkðl. ìþ AÆBÎQ ôÿ Aq WrF glAüBó ô AðvBðþ oA kAoA Gõkû ô ìBðñl ìpkï cvõk, WBû ÆéI, kqk, ô Gú uBüp uBüp Gú ô kqk, ÆéI, WBû cvõk, ìpkï ìBðñl ô Gõkû kAoA oA AðvBðþ kAðzãBû AuPBk ìdÛÜ, oøHp,‰ÖýrüßlAó,ô Kpôür 6491 uBë ko ¾×BR KvQ ìñP¿Ø Gõk ðl. Gõk ìñP¿Ø KvQ ¾×BR ko Oloüw GpAÿ yýíþ ô Öýrüà øBÿ ÞPBJ øBÿ ðõüvñlû Aq üßþ ô GpAÿ gõ} @ìl Aüò glAüBó æqï ðHõk Þú yhÀ kouPßBo , , kouPßBo yhÀ Þú ðHõk æqï glAüBó Aüò @ìl gõ} GpAÿ Þpk. ìñPzp ô ðõyPú oA “ üùõk OBoüi “ ÞPBJ AüpAó, øBÿ kGýpuPBó KBá kAìò ô koAoAÿ ÖÃBDê AðvBðþ GByl Géßú OÛlüî ÚpGBðþ øB ô Oùýú Oùýú ô øB ÚpGBðþ OÛlüî Géßú GByl AðvBðþ ÖÃBDê koAoAÿ ô kAìò KBá Aðãéývþ,ÎHpÿ ÖpAðvú, øBÿ qGBó Gú Þú ÞBìéþ OvéÈ GB oøHp Kpôür ìñBÊp qüHB ô uBgPò ìÏBGl ÎBèþ GpAÿ WéI ðËp ô èÇØ glAüBó ÞBÖþ ÞBÖþ glAüBó èÇØ ô ðËp WéI GpAÿ ÎBèþ ìÏBGl uBgPò ô qüHB ìñBÊp ô yýíþ ô Öýrüà oyPú ko Ktôøzþ øBÿ ÞBo Aq WlA kAyQ ÖBouþ ô Gõk. GñBGpAüò ìnøI üõðBðýBó ìnøI AgçÚþ ðHõk qüpA glAüBðzBó glAüBðzBó qüpA ðHõk AgçÚþ ìnøI üõðBðýBó ìnøI GñBGpAüò Gõk. øBÿ ðõyPú OpWíú Gú qìýñú, Aüò ko Groâþ AÖPhBoAR Gú üBÖPò kuQ GùPp Aq @kìýBó ðHõkðl . @ðÇýõ Þõx ìþ gõAuQ ^ñýò ìnøHþ oA oA ìnøHþ ^ñýò gõAuQ ìþ Þõx @ðÇýõ . ðHõkðl @kìýBó Aq GùPp ÞBo ô ðBï KpkAgQ. ðýr ÖBouþ qGBó Gú ÒpGþ ðõüvñlâBó Aq GvýBoÿ WBðzýò @Dýò üùõk ðíBül. ðíBül. üùõk @Dýò WBðzýò AuQ. @yñB AüpAðýBó Aq GvýBoÿ GpAÿ Aô @ðÇýõ Þõx kuPõo kAk Þú koìÏHl glA ÚpGBðãBøþ uBgPú ô ô uBgPú ÚpGBðãBøþ glA koìÏHl Þú kAk kuPõo Þõx @ðÇýõ WBìÐ Aq üßþ AðloÞBoAó kuQ â×Pú Gú üùõk” “OBoüi ÞPBJ küBó oA ìXHõo ìþ ìþ ìXHõo oA küBó üùõ ÂíñB ô GãnAoðl øB ÚpGBðþ sôKýPp AÖPhBo Gú @ó Gp AüpAðþ üùõküBó ô üùõk OBoüi GB oAGÇú ko øB ðõyPú GùPpüò ô Opüò Þpk Gú @kAJ üõðBðýBó OBWþ Aq yBgú øBÿ kogQ ÒBo Gp up ðùBkû ô ô ðùBkû up Gp ÒBo kogQ øBÿ yBgú Aq OBWþ üõðBðýBó @kAJ Gú Þpk AuQ. Þpkû Gpouþ oA kðýB üùõküBó ânyPú gç¾ú Æõo Gú Þú AuQ ko Wzò øBÿ GBÞõx glAÿ ypAJ ypÞQ Þññl . AÚlAìBR AÚlAìBR . Þññl ypÞQ ypAJ glAÿ GBÞõx øBÿ Wzò ko GB ^BN koqìBó ðýr qôæ” Aìýê ô “koü×õx ðBï Gú Aô ðõyPú küãp ÞPBJ @ðÇýõ Þõx Þú Oõøýò Gp ìÏPÛlAR üùõk Gõk Aüò ìéQ oA GvýBo oðY oðY GvýBo oA ìéQ Aüò Gõk üùõk ìÏPÛlAR Gp Oõøýò Þú Þõx @ðÇýõ yl. oôGpô ÖpAôAó AuPÛHBë ìþ kAk . Aüò oÖPBo ôkuPõoAR @ðÇýõ Þõx yBül ðú Aq ðËp ÎlAôR ÎlAôR ðËp Aq ðú yBül Þõx @ðÇýõ ôkuPõoAR oÖPBo Aüò . kAk ìþ ÞPBJ yBkoôAó @ó ÖpqðlAó Aq AWBqû GB “ “yõÖBo ìXéú WHBR WHBR ìõ ô Îéê Gpkó Gýò Aq GpAÿ GýzPp Géßú Gõk üùõk ìnøI GB Þpk. gõAøl ^BN ðzpüú Aüò ìhPéØ øBÿ ÚvíQ ko oA “ üùõk “OBoüi AgPçÖBR ô yõo} øBÿ KýBKþ Gõk Þú ôÿ øíú oA ðByþ Aq AgPçÙ AgPçÙ Aq ðByþ oA øíú ôÿ Þú Gõk KýBKþ øBÿ yõo} ô AgPçÖBR @üñlû GpAÿ ¾dýdþ âýpÿ O¿íýî ko ânyPú kAð{ Þú Aüò Aìýl Gú ìnøI ô OÏ¿I ìþ kAðvQ . GB Aüò cBë øý`ýà Aq uhQ âýpüùBÿ âýpüùBÿ uhQ Aq øý`ýà cBë Aüò GB . kAðvQ ìþ OÏ¿I ô ìnøI yõk. oøñíõó ìBoA ôÿ ðPõAðvQ üùõküBó oA Aq AðXBï ìpAuî ìnøHþ gõü{ ìñ¿pÙ ìñ¿pÙ gõü{ ìnøHþ ìpAuî AðXBï Aq oA üùõküBó ðPõAðvQ ôÿ Aô. ÖpqðlAó ô oøHp Kpôür yBkoôAó Aq uLBx GB ðíBül . . ðíBül ” “yõÖBo ìýãõüñl Þú GB ôWõk ÚlÒò @ðÇýõ Þõx, kô qó AÆ×Bë gõk gõk AÆ×Bë qó kô Þõx, @ðÇýõ ÚlÒò ôWõk GB Þú ìýãõüñl Aôoyéýî ko Wlül ÞzPBo oA ko oôq øzPî OõèlyBó ìhPõó uBgPñl . GpAÿ Þý×pAq upKý`þ upKý`þ Þý×pAq GpAÿ . uBgPñl ìhPõó OõèlyBó øzPî oôq ko oA ørAo GývQ Aq ìpÞI Úzõðþ ì¿p Aq ìpAWÏQ Aq Kw @ðÇýõÞõx kuPõoAR @ðÇýõ Þõx AÆ×Bë oA Gú âpkó ìBkoyBó GvPú ô GB øî Aq Aq øî GB ô GvPú ìBkoyBó âpkó Gú oA AÆ×Bë Þõx @ðÇýõ kuPõoAR uõoüú upkAo ÖpuPBk. Aôoyéýî Gú @Kõèõðýõx ÖpìBðløþ Gú ð×p 26 GBæÿ küõAo ìpO×Ïþ Gú qüp AðlAgPñl. AðlAgPñl. qüp Gú ìpO×Ïþ küõAo GBæÿ üùõküBó Þú Aÿ yñHú oôq ôèýò A ko ô yl yùp ôAok ¾ée GñBï cßBüQ küãpÿ AqgõðhõAoÿ kyíñBó ô oô} @qAo ô yßñXú yßñXú ô @qAo oô} ô kyíñBó AqgõðhõAoÿ küãpÿ cßBüQ ôÿ upGBqAó oÖPñl ìþ ìnøHþ ìpAuî AðXBï GpAÿ gýBë, øp Aq ÖBoÕ üùõk ðÛê ylû AuQ Þú Gú gõGþ koWú GvPãþ üùõk oA Gú Þý{ gõk gõk Þý{ Gú oA üùõk GvPãþ koWú gõGþ Gú Þú AuQ ylû ðÛê üùõk Gpkâþ Gú gõk GB oA ÖpqðlAðzBó ô qðBó ô ouBðýlû ÚPê Gú oA øB ìpk oôyò ìþ Þñl . Þñl ìþ oôyò yùp ô âzQ WBoÿ Aôoyéýî øBÿ koÞõ^ú gõó uýê @ðpôq Gpkðl. qðþ oA GB ø×Q Kvp} Gú Wpï ôÖBkAoÿ Gú Þý{ üùõk Gú Gú üùõk Þý{ Gú ôÖBkAoÿ Wpï Gú Kvp} ø×Q GB oA qðþ Þú øp âpkül. cpüÜ ÆÏíú ô ÒBoR @ðÇýõÞõx upGBqAó kuQ Gú uýBuPãBû Gpkû ô @ó øB oA Gú KpuP{ GQ kÎõR ðíõkðl èýßò øíú øíú èýßò ðíõkðl kÎõR GQ KpuP{ Gú oA øB @ó ô Gpkû uýBuPãBû ko Gpk. Glo WBó gõAoAó gõó kuQ Aq ô âpühQ yùp Aq OõAðvQ ìpå oA Gp Opá @Dýò ìÛlx gõü{ OpWýe kAkû GB ÞíBë yùBìQ ìpå ìpå yùBìQ ÞíBë GB kAkû OpWýe gõü{ ìÛlx @Dýò Opá Gp oA ìpå GýBGBðþ Gú GBq üùõk ìÛlx yùp ðíBðl. GBÚþ øî ð×p üà cPþ Aôoyéýî ìõczþ oA Gú @Òõ} Þzýlðl . ìBkoyBó ðýr @ðùB oA Gú KBülAoÿ ko ko KBülAoÿ Gú oA @ðùB ðýr ìBkoyBó . Þzýlðl @Òõ} Gú oA ìõczþ cýBOþ @SBo kyíò uPõoAó uî ¾lAÿ Wr ô âzQ OHlüê AÖPBkû kôo ìÛBGê yßñXú øB OdpüÄ ìþ ðíõk . ^õó ðõGQ Gú @gpüò @ðùB Þú Aq Aq Þú @ðùB @gpüò Gú ðõGQ ^õó . ðíõk ìþ OdpüÄ øB yßñXú ìÛBGê yl. ðíþ külû @ó ko üßþ Aq Aq üßþ ô Þpk ìPBSp øî oA üõðBðþ ÚÃBR ouýl, Gõk Þõ^ßPp øíú @ðùB céÛú AðãzPpÿ Ký{ ôÿ AðlAgQ ô Aô oA Gú GpkAyPò @ó ôAkAyQ ôAkAyQ @ó GpkAyPò Gú oA Aô ô AðlAgQ ôÿ Ký{ AðãzPpÿ céÛú @ðùB OB ðBÊpüò ^ñBó O¿õo Þññl Þú ko ìÛBGê GQ uXlû Þpkû AuQ. ôèþ ôèþ AuQ. Þpkû uXlû GQ ìÛBGê ko Þú Þññl O¿õo ^ñBó ðBÊpüò OB Þõká Aq GpkAyPò céÛú øî AìPñBÑ ôoqül ô Aô øî ko ìÛBGê ìBko gõk gõk ìBko ìÛBGê ko øî Aô ô ôoqül AìPñBÑ øî céÛú GpkAyPò Aq Þõká ko ÎnAJ uýBuQ WBó uLpk. WBó uýBuQ ÎnAJ ko Aq Aüò ìñBÊp ô upânyPùBÿ kèhpA} ko @ó oôq øB qüBk külû külû qüBk øB oôq @ó ko kèhpA} upânyPùBÿ ô ìñBÊp Aüò Aq ìþ yl èýßò ì¿BüI ô yßñXú øB AüíBó ìnøHþ oA ko @ðùB ìdßíPp ìdßíPp @ðùB ko oA ìnøHþ AüíBó øB yßñXú ô ì¿BüI èýßò yl ìþ ðíõk , cw ìýùò KpuPþ oA ðýr OÛõüQ Þpk ô KùéõAðBðþ oA GpAÿ Gp Gp GpAÿ oA KùéõAðBðþ ô Þpk OÛõüQ ðýr oA KpuPþ ìýùò cw , ðíõk AðlAgPò oüzú Wõo ô uPî GýãBðãBó ô cíBüQ Aq ìýùò ô øî ìýùñBó ìýùñBó øî ô ìýùò Aq cíBüQ ô GýãBðãBó uPî ô Wõo oüzú AðlAgPò gõk Gp AðãýhQ. üßþ Aq Aüò KùéõAðBó üùõkA ìßBGþ AuQ. AuQ. ìßBGþ üùõkA KùéõAðBó Aüò Aq üßþ AðãýhQ. Gp gõk ÚýBï czíõðBDþ (Úpó kôï Ký{ Aq ìýçk) ìýçk) Aq Ký{ kôï (Úpó czíõðBDþ ÚýBï ko køßlû (ìõkAÎýò) ôAÚÐ ko Gýò oAû üBÖB ô Aôoyéýî øñõq øñõq Aôoyéýî ô üBÖB oAû Gýò ko ôAÚÐ (ìõkAÎýò) køßlû ko ÖpAìýò @ðÇýõ Þõx AWpA ðíþyk ôìpkï @ó OdQ oüBuQ ìPPýB, ÞBøò ÞBøò ìPPýB, oüBuQ OdQ @ó ôìpkï ðíþyk AWpA Þõx @ðÇýõ ÖpAìýò @ó køßlû @qAkAðú Gvp ìþ Gpðl. ìPPýB Aq gBðõAkû ìdPpï czíõðBDþ czíõðBDþ ìdPpï gBðõAkû Aq ìPPýB Gpðl. ìþ Gvp @qAkAðú køßlû @ó Gõk ô KñY Kvp Gú ðBï üõcñBó (üdýþ), yýíÏõó , üùõkA , AèÏBqAo ô ô AèÏBqAo , üùõkA , yýíÏõó (üdýþ), üõcñBó ðBï Gú Kvp KñY ô Gõk WBó gõk kÖBÑ ðíBüñl ô Aq Aüò OBoüi cýéú øXõï ko oôq yñHú GpAÿ GpAÿ yñHú oôq ko øXõï cýéú OBoüi Aüò Aq ô ðíBüñl kÖBÑ gõk WBó . kAyQ üõðBOBó kyíò ÎÛýî ìBðl. ìBðl. ÎÛýî kyíò ô ìPBCSp gõk éQ ì ì¿BDI Aq A} gBðõAkû ô ìõkAÎýò ÞBøò OB ìlOþ ìPPýB GB KýpôAð{ ko ÞõøvPBó øB øB ÞõøvPBó ko KýpôAð{ GB ìPPýB ìlOþ OB ƒ ìPPýB ìpå @Kéw oôqÿ . gõAðlðl ìþ kÎB @ðùB ðXBR GpAÿ ô Gõkðl AðlôøñBá ìPõAoÿ Gõk, ô GB ÞíBë yùBìQ Gú køßlû øB ô yùp øBÿ ìXBôo cíéú cíéú ìXBôo øBÿ yùp ô øB køßlû Gú yùBìQ ÞíBë GB ô Gõk, ìPõAoÿ køßlû Gú gõk upGBqAó Aq Aÿ Îlû GB Þõx @ðÇýõ âíByPãBó Aq üßþ Gpkû GPßlû øB oA gpAJ ô ìpkï oA Gú ðãùlAoÿ ìpAuî ìnøHþ gõü{ gõü{ ìnøHþ ìpAuî ðãùlAoÿ Gú oA ìpkï ô gpAJ oA øB GPßlû Gpkû Gú oA ìpkì{ ô ôokû @ ko uõoGú AÆBÎQ Gú @ðpA OB oÖQ ìõkAÎýò OdpüÄ ìþ ðíõk. KýpôAð{ oÖPú oÖPú AÖrAü{ üBÖPñl ô ko ìlR ìlR ko ô üBÖPñl AÖrAü{ oÖPú oÖPú KýpôAð{ ðíõk. ìþ OdpüÄ GB yBül , KvpAð{ ô ìPPýB . Þñl ìXHõo üõðBðþ glAüBó KpuP{ ÞõOBøþ Úzõó Þõ^à ô ìpOHþ Aq ìpkAó kèýp OdQ ÖpìBðløþ ôÿ ôÿ ÖpìBðløþ OdQ kèýp ìpkAó Aq ìpOHþ ô Þõ^à Úzõó ÞõOBøþ @ðXB oüBuQ ìPOýB ^õó ô Gõkðl ylû cBÂp küú ìýlAó ko , Ú¿l Ozßýê âpkül. yõoyýBó Þú Aq Wõo ô uPî @ðÇýõ Þõx ô ÎíBè{ ÎíBè{ ô Þõx @ðÇýõ uPî ô Wõo Aq Þú yõoyýBó âpkül. Ozßýê gõk ÞýzBó øî GpAÿ Þú Þpk kÎõR oA Aô @Kéw kAyQ, Îùlû Gú oA Gú Oñä @ìlû Gõkðl O¿íýî âpÖPñl üB Gíýpðl üB Gp kyíò ^ýpû yõðl . . yõðl ^ýpû kyíò Gp üB Gíýpðl üB âpÖPñl O¿íýî Gõkðl @ìlû Oñä Gú Gú øî küãpAó OB ðíBül KpuP{ oA sôKýPp ìXvíú ô ylû ìzÜ up ìPPýB Þú OB @ðõÚQ Wñä ô âpür ìþ Þpk ô GýzPp cBèQ kÖBÎþ kAyQ, kAyQ, kÖBÎþ cBèQ GýzPp ô Þpk ìþ âpür ô Wñä @ðõÚQ OB Þú ìPPýB Gú øî Þzõo ÚHBüê øíú âBû øp kAk KBui .ìPPýB Wõüñl OBCuþ ôÿ küãp ìñPËp kyíò ðzlû gõk ìHBkoR Gú cíéú ðíõk ô ko ^ñlüò ^ñlüò ko ô ðíõk cíéú Gú ìHBkoR gõk ðzlû kyíò ìñPËp küãp ðvHQ ôAKvýò kï OB KvpAðî ô GpAkoAó ô ìò Þññl oÖPBo Oõ kogõAuQ ðÛÇú èzãpüBó @ðÇýõ Þõx oA ìÓéõJ uBgQ. uBgQ. ìÓéõJ oA Þõx @ðÇýõ èzãpüBó ðÛÇú ìBðl. gõAøýî ôÖBkAo gõk AWlAkÿ @üýò Gú èýßò uò ìPPýB AWBqû ÖÏBèýQ ô KBülAoÿ GýzPpÿ ðíþ kAk Kw Kw kAk ðíþ GýzPpÿ KBülAoÿ ô ÖÏBèýQ AWBqû ìPPýB uò èýßò Gú gõAuQ ìþ ylû ðrküà køßlû üùõküBó Aq üßþ ASñB Aüò ko Aq ^ñl ìBû Þú gvPú ô Öpuõkû ylû ìpå gõü{ oA ðrküà kül, kül, ðrküà oA gõü{ ìpå ylû Öpuõkû ô gvPú Þú ìBû ^ñl Aq Gõk ÖlAÞBoÿ âõðú øp Gú cBÂp Þú ìPPýB Þñl ÚpGBðþ sôKýPp AÖPhBo Gþ uLpk uLpk Gþ ìßB üùõkA gõk ÖpqðlAó Opüò kèýp Gú oA Úzõó ÖpìBðløþ Klo Gú ìPPýB KvpAó ðíõk. øçÞ{ ô yPBÖPú ôÿ WBðI Gú koðä Gþ ) ) Ý.ï. 761 ( ÚPê Gú oA upGBqAð{ ô Aô ô ðíõkðl cíéú @Kéw Gú gñXp GB Þpkû OBCuþ ^õó ìPPýB ôÖBR Þpk Aô oA GB AcPpAìBR æqï ko køßlû køßlû ko æqï AcPpAìBR GB oA Aô Þpk ôÖBR ìPPýB ^õó Þpkðl. ôüpAó øî oA @ó ô oÖPú sôKýPp ÚpGBðãBû Gú uLw ouBðýlðl. ìõkAÎýò ìlÖõó Þpkðl ô kyíò WpACR OÏpÅ ðlAyQ. OÏpÅ WpACR kyíò ô Þpkðl ìlÖõó ìõkAÎýò üùõkA ìßBGþ Kw Aq ôÖBR ìPPýB GB Úzõðþ Aq y{ ørAo ørAo y{ Aq Úzõðþ GB ìPPýB ôÖBR Aq Kw ìßBGþ üùõkA Ký{ ìPPýB ô Þpk WéI oA Aÿ Îlû KvpAð{ ô Kýp ÞBøò yùBìQ 27 Îlû øíBó GB Gõk OlGýp GB ô kèýp WõAðþ Þú üùõkA ÖpìBðløþ OdQ ð×p “ GýBül ìò GB kAok kôuQ oA glA OõoAR Þú øp “ Gp@ôok: ÖpüBk AÖPBkû ìÏlôk gõk up OB up Þzõo üùõk oA Aq ðýpôÿ AWBðI KBá Þpk. Þpk. KBá AWBðI ðýpôÿ Aq oA üùõk Þzõo up OB up gõk ìÏlôk Aô ô KýõuPñl Aô Gú ìXBôo øBÿ køßlû ô ìõkAÎýò uBÞñBó øíú Grôkÿ @Kõèõðýõx ÖpìBðlAo uBìpû GB kuPúC ðýpôìñlÿ Aq upGBqAó upGBqAó Aq ðýpôìñlÿ kuPúC GB uBìpû ÖpìBðlAo @Kõèõðýõx ) ï Ý. (761 AÖpAyQ Gp ÆÓýBó Îéî oÖPú GßõøvPBó gõk KýpôAó GB gõk Gú Wéõâýpÿ Aô yPBÖQ ôèþ Úzõð{ Aq øî âvýhPú ô ìñùrï ìñùrï ô âvýhPú øî Aq Úzõð{ ôèþ yPBÖQ Aô Wéõâýpÿ Gú gõk ÒõÒBÿ Aq Aôoyéýî ÖpìBðlAo ^õó ƒ yñHú oôq ko kÖBÑ AWBqû âpkül ô gõk Aô ðýr Gú kuQ üùõkA ÞzPú yl. üùõkA yízýp Aô oA oA Aô yízýp üùõkA yl. ÞzPú üùõkA kuQ Gú ðýr Aô gõk ô âpkül @ðùB Aq Aÿ kuPú ô yPBÖQ yõoyýBó upÞõGþ Gú üBÖQ gHp ìõkAÎýò GpkAyPú ô ko uBüp ÞBoqAo øB @ó oA Gú ÞBo ìþ Gpk . Þíþ GÏl üßþ küãp küãp üßþ GÏl Þíþ . Gpk ìþ ÞBo Gú oA @ó øB ÞBoqAo uBüp ko ô GpkAyPú Aq kyíò øî GBo Aüò Þpk. ìçÚBR ÒBoÿ ko Gõkðl ð×p ørAo ÚpüI Þú oA Aq upkAoAó uéõÞþ Gú ìÛBGéú ôÿ @ìl ô Aô øî âpÖPBo øíBó upðõyQ upðõyQ øíBó âpÖPBo øî Aô ô @ìl ôÿ ìÛBGéú Gú uéõÞþ upkAoAó Aq Gú AuPTñBF Glôó oA øíú ô Þpk cíéú @ðùB Gú ðíõkû AuP×Bkû yñHú oôq @Kõèõðýõx âpkül (661 ) (661 âpkül @Kõèõðýõx ðzl. ìzBølû øî kÖBÎþ Aðlá üùõküBó ÆpÙ Aq ô ouBðýl ÚPê @ðÇýõ Þõx ^õó gHp Aüò yßvQ øBÿ KýBKþ oA yñýl ì¿íî ì¿íî yñýl oA KýBKþ øBÿ yßvQ Aüò gHp ^õó Þõx @ðÇýõ Þú kAk ÖPõÿ yl @âBû Aðãýr oÚQ ÖBWÏú Aüò Aq ^õó ìPPýB ÒBDéú @ðùB @uõkû @uõkû @ðùB ÒBDéú Aq ÞñlOB ðBGõk üßHBoû oA üùõküBó ô üùõk Þzõo Þú yl Aq GpkAyPú Auédú yñHú oôq ko kAoðl cÜ gÇp ìõÚÐ ko üùõküBó üà ÚvíQ Aq ÒñBDî ôÚØ gBðõAkû øBDþ yl Þú ÞvBó gõk gõk ÞvBó Þú yl øBDþ gBðõAkû ôÚØ ÒñBDî Aq ÚvíQ üà yBðú ìBèýBR KpkAgQ Aq øî AoìñvPBó ô AüpAó ^õó èýßò âpkk gBÆp oA ko Aüò Wñä Aq kuQ kAkû Gõkðl ô ÚvíQ küãp ìýBó WñãXõüBó WñãXõüBó ìýBó küãp ÚvíQ ô Gõkðl kAkû kuQ Aq Wñä Aüò ko oA ÚvíQ kô Gú oA gõk ðýpôÿ yl ìXHõo Þõx @ðÇýõ Gõkðl Þpkû gBèþ OÛvýî âpkül . âpkül OÛvýî küãp ÚvíQ ô üùõk Þzõo Gú èýrüBx ÖpìBðløþ Gú oA ÚvíQ üà Þpkû oôq GÏl, oôq yñHú ô ìõÚÐ @uBü{ ô yBkìBðþ Gõk. èýßò èýßò Gõk. yBkìBðþ ô @uBü{ ìõÚÐ ô yñHú oôq GÏl, oôq Aq oA AüpAó Aôë Ayä ìõÚÐ Aüò ko ðíBül. AÎrAï AüpAó upÞõGþ GpAÿ oA Kýpôqÿ Gp Úzõó kyíò Gp øíú ^ýr OpWýe kAyQ ^õó üùõkA gHp gHp üùõkA ^õó kAyQ OpWýe ^ýr øíú Gp kyíò Úzõó Gp Kýpôqÿ Gõk. Þpkû gBoZ uéõÞþ uévéú OvéÈ üBÖQ Þú ko @ðÇpÙ oôkgBðú Aokó kyíò ìzÓõë âpk @ôoÿ ðýpô ô ô ðýpô @ôoÿ âpk ìzÓõë kyíò Aokó oôkgBðú @ðÇpÙ ko Þú üBÖQ uõÿ Gú uõAo 007 ô KýBkû ørAo ^ùê Aq ìpÞI Úzõðþ GB èýrüBx OlAoÞBR AuQ Aq Aokó ÎHõo Þpkû ô Gú ÚéI kyíò qk ô @ðùB oA yßvQ yßvQ oA @ðùB ô qk kyíò ÚéI Gú ô Þpkû ÎHõo Aokó Aq AuQ OlAoÞBR ðýßBðõo uõoüú, upkAoAó Aq küãp ð×p kô Wñä Aüò ko @ìl. Aôoyéýî kAk ô Auédú GvýBoÿ Gú kuQ @ôok kô ð×p Aq upkAoAó uéõÞþ Þú Þú uéõÞþ upkAoAó Aq ð×p kô @ôok kuQ Gú GvýBoÿ Auédú ô kAk @âBû kyíò ðýpôÿ ÎËíQ Aq ^õó üùõkA kAyPñl. ypÞQ âõoWýB ô øíõAoû ko Kþ @qAo üùõküBó Gõkðl ko Aüò Wñä ÞzPú ylðl, ðýßBðõo ðýßBðõo ylðl, ÞzPú Wñä Aüò ko Gõkðl üùõküBó @qAo Kþ ko øíõAoû âpÖPú oôqû @ðùB øíú @ôok. âpk ìý¿Lú ko oA gõk KýpôAó øíú yl ðByñBxGú AðÇBÞýú âpühQ ô Glüò ÆpüÜ Aôèýò Wñä Gú Kýpôqÿ Kýpôqÿ Gú Wñä Aôèýò ÆpüÜ Glüò ô âpühQ AðÇBÞýú ðByñBxGú GvýBo OõoAR kuPõoAR ô @Dýò Gú üùõkA ðíõkðl. kÎB glA koâBû Gú ô ÞBìê üùõkA ìßBGþ gBOíú üBÖQ. gBOíú ìßBGþ üùõkA ÞBìê øp “ : â×Q gõk KýpôAó Gú cíéú @ÒBq Aq Ký{ GñBGpAüò kAk ìþ AøíýQ uBë GÏl èýrüBx gõk GB GB gõk èýrüBx GÏl uBë ƒ cñõÞB Wzò ô ìÏHl OÇùýp Þpkû Òpx GBÒþ üB ðùBkû GñB Aÿ gBðú üB Þpkû AqkôAZ OBqû yíB Aq Þú ðýpôDþ ìÏËî Gú cíéú küãp KpkAgQ ô GBq yßvQ gõok ô GãpühQ. GãpühQ. ô gõok yßvQ GBq ô KpkAgQ küãp cíéú Gú ìÏËî ðýpôDþ ÆpüÜ Glüò âpkk GBq gBðú Gú kAok kë ko Opx AðlÞþ Þú øp üB , AuQ èýßò yùp Aôoyéýî øñõq ko kuQ kyíò Gõk. üùõkA GB Úzõó kæôo kæôo Úzõó GB üùõkA Gõk. kyíò kuQ ko øñõq Aôoyéýî yùp èýßò GB ìÛBGéú @ìBkû Þî ÎlûC øíBó GB üùõkA ô ìBðl GBÚþ KýpôAð{ Aq ðýíþ ô Kýpôq gõk yùp oA ìP¿pÙ ylû ôAok ìÏHl ìÛlx âpkül, ìXvíú ìXvíú âpkül, ìÛlx ìÏHl ôAok ylû ìP¿pÙ oA yùp gõk Kýpôq ô âpkül. kyíò ÎËýî ðýpôÿ Groå sôKýPp ô ÚpGBðãBø{ oA ôüpAó ô ÚpGBðãBû küãpÿ Gú WBÿ @ó @ó WBÿ Gú küãpÿ ÚpGBðãBû ô ôüpAó oA ÚpGBðãBø{ ô sôKýPp Groå Þú kAyQ AÆíýñBó gõü{ Kýpôqÿ Gú Úloÿ Gú èýrüBx uBgQ ô ìÏHl oA Aq èõV GQ KpuPBó OÇùýp Þpk. Wzò âzBü{ ìÏHl ìÏHl âzBü{ Wzò Þpk. OÇùýp KpuPBó GQ èõV Aq oA ìÏHl ô uBgQ ko ðùBüQ AGùQ ô yBkìBðþ ko OBoüi (52 Þývéõ uBë 461 Ý. ï. ) Gp KB KB Gp ) ï. Ý. 461 uBë Þývéõ (52 OBoüi ko yBkìBðþ ô AGùQ ðùBüQ ko âpkül ô øzQ oôq GÇõë AðXBìýl (Wzò cñõÞB) Gú üBkâBo Kýpôqÿ Kýpôqÿ üBkâBo Gú cñõÞB) (Wzò AðXBìýl GÇõë oôq øzQ ô âpkül ìßBGþ ô OÇùýp ìÏHl ìÛpo yl Þú øp uBèú ko øíBó OBoüi Wzñþ GpKB GpKB Wzñþ OBoüi øíBó ko uBèú øp Þú yl ìÛpo ìÏHl OÇùýp ô ìßBGþ âpkk, AÞñõó øî üùõküBó ko Aüò Wzò Þñývú øB ô gBðú øBÿ gõk oA oA gõk øBÿ gBðú ô øB Þñývú Wzò Aüò ko üùõküBó øî AÞñõó âpkk, ^pAÒBó ìþ Þññl. ìþ ^pAÒBó AuPÛpAo ìÏHl ô OÛõüQ Aôoyéýî cvBkR øívBüãBó üùõkoA üùõkoA øívBüãBó cvBkR Aôoyéýî OÛõüQ ô ìÏHl AuPÛpAo Aq Gõk Þpkû ìvPdßî oA ìÏHl c¿Bo Þú üùõkA èýßò GpAðãýhQ Akôï ô ô Akôï upqìýò Gú gõk ðBKnüp yßvQ ðýpôÿ GB ô ðlAyQ GBÞþ @ðùB þ Gp þ OçÖ ko¾lk kyíñBó Þpk. upÞõGþ oA @ðùB Gpkû cíéú Îíõó @ôokû gõk Úzõó kðHBë qo øBÿ Þývú GB oA ÖpôyBó Gpkû Aq GvýBoÿ @ìlðl ô üùõküBðþ oA Þú ko âBèýê ô ìBôoAF Aoôó Gõkðl ìõok @qAo ÚpAo ÚpAo @qAo ìõok Gõkðl Aoôó ìBôoAF ô âBèýê ko Þú oA üùõküBðþ ô @ìlðl Aq ÚvíPþ ÖpôgPú @ðùB Gú âpÖQ gõAøl üùõk Aq Þú oA AupADþ OB Gõk kAkðl. kuPú Aÿ Aq @ðùB ^ñl gBðõAkû üùõk oA Þú GBèÔ Gp 002 ð×p ìþ ìþ ð×p 002 Gp GBèÔ Þú oA üùõk gBðõAkû ^ñl @ðùB Aq Aÿ kuPú kAkðl. Þñl. OBCìýò oA Wñä ørüñú yl AqÞzPþ øBÿ gõk Gú koüB oühPñl. üùõkA Îíê @ðùB oA OçÖþ Þpkû Þpkû OçÖþ oA @ðùB Îíê üùõkA oühPñl. koüB Gú gõk øBÿ AqÞzPþ yl GB uéõÞþ upkAo Þú kAkðl gHp ôÿ Gú üùõkA WBuõuBó GvýBoÿ Aq gBðú øBÿ uBcéþ ô ^ñlüò ÞzPþ @ðùB oA ÆÏíú cpüÜ cpüÜ ÆÏíú oA @ðùB ÞzPþ ^ñlüò ô uBcéþ øBÿ gBðú Aq GvýBoÿ AuQ ylû WlA Úzõó Aq upkAo ørAo ô @qìõkû ÞBo ìpkAó Aq ð×p 0005 ðíõk. GBægpû yùp Aôoyéýî ô AÆpAÙ @ó ÞBìç Aq ôWõk kyíò KBá ô ô KBá kyíò ôWõk Aq ÞBìç @ó AÆpAÙ ô Aôoyéýî yùp GBægpû ðíõk. ô âpÖQ Aÿ WvõoAðú O¿íýî üùõkA ðíBül. ìdB¾pû yHBðú oA ôÿ Þú @oAì{ ko Þzõo üùõk cßí×pìB yl . yl cßí×pìB üùõk Þzõo ko @oAì{ KzQ Gú kAkû cpÞQ gõk WBÿ Aq oA gõk Úzõó yl OBoüà øõA ^õó ^ñBð`ú â×Pú yl @ðÇýõ Þõx GB üà ÚvíQ ÚvíQ üà GB Þõx @ðÇýõ yl â×Pú ^ñBð`ú ƒ Þõx @ðÇýõ ìpå kül gBèþ oA üùõküBó Aokôÿ ^õó uéõÞþ oÖQ.upkAo kyíò Aokôÿ Aq Úzõó gõk Gú uõÿ AüpAó oÖQ OB Aq @ðXB SpôOþ Gú kuQ @ôokû @ôokû kuQ Gú SpôOþ @ðXB Aq OB oÖQ AüpAó uõÿ Gú gõk Úzõó Aq Gú , Aðl ylû ìPõAoÿ ô ÖpAoÿ ÞõøvPBó Gú Opx Aq Aüñßú O¿õo Gú ìrk upGBqAó gõk oA GLpkAqk. èýßò ko AüpAó yßvQ gõok ô ìXHõo ìXHõo ô gõok yßvQ AüpAó ko èýßò GLpkAqk. oA gõk upGBqAó ìrk kyíò Aokôÿ Gú KzQ Aq oA gõk ìßBGþ üùõkA . yPBÖQ @ðùB OÏÛýI 28 Gú ÎÛI ðzýñþ yl. ^õó Aq KýzpÖPùBÿ ìßBGþ ôyßvQ Úzõó gõk gõk Úzõó ôyßvQ ìßBGþ KýzpÖPùBÿ Aq ^õó yl. ðzýñþ ÎÛI Gú gõü{ gHÈ Gú ^õó üõðBðþ upkAo ðíõk. cpüÜ ÆÏíú oA @ó ô ouBðýl gHp üBÖQ ì¿íî yl Þú gõk yh¿B Gú Þzõo üùõk oÖPú yõoyýBó yõoyýBó oÖPú üùõk Þzõo Gú yh¿B gõk Þú yl ì¿íî üBÖQ gHp gõü{ uñãp ô AokôâBû Gú koðä Glôó oA gõk gõAuQ yl @âBû oA upÞõGþ ðíBül . ôèþ GýíBo yl ô Ký{ Aq AðXBï ìÛ¿õk Gípk ô Aq Aô Aô Aq ô Gípk ìÛ¿õk AðXBï Aq Ký{ ô yl GýíBo ôèþ . ðíBül upÞõGþ oA ô ylû cpüÜ ÆÏíú AokôâBø{ Þú Þpk ìzBølû ^õó èýßò GpuBðl. Öpqðl ðú uBèú Aÿ Gú ðBï “@ðÇýõÞõx AôKBOõo” GBÚþ ìBðl. GBÚþ AôKBOõo” “@ðÇýõÞõx ðBï Gú Aÿ uBèú ðú Öpqðl oô KBülAoÿ Glôó ô yl øpAuBó GvýBo øvPñl kðHBè{ Gú üùõküBó @ðÇýõ Þõx Ký{ Aq ìpå üßþ Aq kôuPBó gõk ÖéýM oA Gú ðýBGQ ðýBGQ Gú oA ÖéýM gõk kôuPBó Aq üßþ ìpå Aq Ký{ Þõx @ðÇýõ gBá Gú oA ð×p ørAo ^ñl ô Þpk kðHBë oA øB @ó üùõkA ânAyQ. ÖpAo Gú uéÇñQ Gpârül. èýrüBx Þú Aq upkAoAó ðBìþ @ðÇýõ Þõx ìdvõJ ìdvõJ Þõx @ðÇýõ ðBìþ upkAoAó Aq Þú èýrüBx Gpârül. uéÇñQ AÖßñl. øçÞQ ìþ yl GlAó ìÛBï ^zî kAyQ ko ðPýXúC oÚBGQ @ó kô üà oyPú Wñä Wñä oyPú üà kô @ó oÚBGQ ðPýXúC ko kAyQ ^zî ìÛBï GlAó yl ìþ Æç üùõküBó ìBðl WBÿ Gp kyíò Aq Þú øñã×Pþ ÒñBDî Aq Òýp Gú øBÿ kAgéþ ko Þzõo uéõÞþ øB Gú ôÚõÑ KýõuQ ô üùõküBó ^ñlÿ ko ko ^ñlÿ üùõküBó ô KýõuQ ôÚõÑ Gú øB uéõÞþ Þzõo ko kAgéþ øBÿ ô @ôokû ^ñä Gú Gõkðl @ôokû gõk GB ÖpôyBó Gpkû Þú oA Aÿ ðÛpû ô @uBü{ Gú up Gpkðl. up Gú @uBü{ ÖpôgPñl. Gpkâþ Gú Þpkû kuPãýp ðýr oA øB @ó gõk Aq GvýBoÿ

ìÛBèú KñXî ìÛBèú ^ãõðãþ KýlAü{ ÖBouþ ðõ ðõ ÖBouþ KýlAü{ ^ãõðãþ ô AkGýBR Þçuýà ÖBouþ Þçuýà AkGýBR ô ðTp Þçuýà ÖBouþ Þçuýà ðTp Aq kÞPp ðBøýl KýpðËp(AGpìò) ðBøýl kÞPp Aq

ko AüpAó ÚHê Aq Auçï èùXú øB ô qGBðùBÿ âõðBâõðþ ìõok ìõok âõðBâõðþ qGBðùBÿ ô øB èùXú Auçï Aq ÚHê AüpAó ko AuP×Bkû ÚpAo ìýãpÖQ. Aì©B @ð`ú Þú oüzú qGBó ÖBouþ ðõ Aìpôq Aìpôq ðõ ÖBouþ qGBó oüzú Þú @ð`ú Aì©B ìýãpÖQ. ÚpAo AuP×Bkû AuQ øíBó KBouþ GBuPBó qìBó øhBìñzýBó (133-955 Ý.ï.) AuQ AuQ Ý.ï.) (133-955 øhBìñzýBó qìBó GBuPBó KBouþ øíBó AuQ Þú ko AkôAo AyßBðýBó ô uBuBðýBó G¿õoR ÖBouþ ìýBðú GñBï øBÿ øBÿ GñBï ìýBðú ÖBouþ G¿õoR uBuBðýBó ô AyßBðýBó AkôAo ko Þú Kùéõÿ² kôoAó AyßBðþ (522ï. 742 Ý.ï.) ô uBuBðþ (156- 522 ï.) ï.) 522 (156- uBuBðþ ô Ý.ï.) 742 (522ï. AyßBðþ kôoAó Kùéõÿ² AkAìú üBÖPú ô ko kôoAó GÏl Aq Auçï G¿õoR ÖBouþ ðõ gõAðlû ylû ylû gõAðlû ðõ ÖBouþ G¿õoR Auçï Aq GÏl kôoAó ko ô üBÖPú AkAìú AuQ. @ð`ú Þú GBül ko ðËp kAyQ Aüò AuQ Þú GùñãBï cíéú AÎpAJ Gú Gú AÎpAJ cíéú GùñãBï Þú AuQ Aüò kAyQ ðËp ko GBül Þú @ð`ú AuQ. AüpAðzùp (Þzõo AüpAó) ðBcýú KBox ìpÞrüQ ô oøHpÿ ðõyPú øBÿ øBÿ ðõyPú oøHpÿ ô ìpÞrüQ KBox ðBcýú AüpAó) (Þzõo AüpAðzùp ÖBouþ ìýBðú oA GÏùlû kAyPú AuQ. A¾õæ« qGBðùBÿ AüpAðþ oAüY ko ko oAüY AüpAðþ qGBðùBÿ A¾õæ« AuQ. kAyPú GÏùlû oA ìýBðú ÖBouþ AôAgp kôoû uBuBðýBó Gú uú yBgú A¾éþ OÛvýî ìþ ylðl: ìþ OÛvýî A¾éþ yBgú uú Gú uBuBðýBó kôoû AôAgp 1 - qGBó küñþ² AôuPBDþ üB qðl Þú @SBo GBÚýíBðlû ÞPBJ qoOzQ GB @ó @ó GB qoOzQ ÞPBJ GBÚýíBðlû @SBo Þú qðl üB AôuPBDþ küñþ² qGBó - 1 ðõyPú ìýzl. ðõyPú 2- èùXú øB ô yBgú øBÿ ìdé©þ ìBðñl, uÓlÿ, ußrÿ, gõAoqìþ, gõAoqìþ, ußrÿ, uÓlÿ, ìBðñl, ìdé©þ øBÿ yBgú ô øB èùXú 2- ÆHpÿ, øpAOþ, @moÿ, KBouþ ô Þpkÿ. Þpkÿ. ô KBouþ @moÿ, øpAOþ, ÆHpÿ, 3- qGBó Kùéõÿ uBuBðþ Þú kðHBèú Kùéõÿ AyßBðþ Gõk. AyßBðþ Kùéõÿ kðHBèú Þú uBuBðþ Kùéõÿ qGBó 3- GñB Gã×Pú AGò ìÛ×Ð Þú ko AôAuÈ Úpó øzPî (057ìýçkÿ) (057ìýçkÿ) øzPî Úpó AôAuÈ ko Þú ìÛ×Ð AGò Gã×Pú GñB ìýrüvQ, ko koGBo uBuBðýBó Îçôû Gp qGBðùBÿ ÖõÝ, qGBó Öpøñãþ Öpøñãþ qGBó ÖõÝ, qGBðùBÿ Gp Îçôû uBuBðýBó koGBo ko ìýrüvQ, 30 ô AkGþ ìõok AuP×Bkû koGBo oA qGBó koÿ ìýhõAðlðl ô ôWú Ovíýú Ovíýú ôWú ô ìýhõAðlðl koÿ qGBó oA koGBo AuP×Bkû ìõok AkGþ ô Aüò qGBó Aüò AuQ Þú Gú qGBó Kùéõÿ “ko” üÏñþ “KBüPhQ” . GñB Gp Aüò Aüò Gp GñB . “KBüPhQ” üÏñþ “ko” Kùéõÿ qGBó Gú Þú AuQ Aüò qGBó Aüò “KBouþ koÿ” üÏñþ “qGBó KBüPhQ”. Aüò qGBó Þú Aq Ö¿ýe Opüò èùXú èùXú Opüò Ö¿ýe Aq Þú qGBó Aüò KBüPhQ”. “qGBó üÏñþ koÿ” “KBouþ øBÿ ìPlAôë Î¿p uBuBðýBó Gõkû, Aq üà uõ oüzú ko èùXú ìd©éþ ìd©éþ èùXú ko oüzú uõ üà Aq Gõkû, uBuBðýBó Î¿p ìPlAôë øBÿ KBouþ kAyPú ô Aq uõÿ küãp OdQ OBSýp ÎõAìê yíBë ypÚþ AüpAó AüpAó ypÚþ yíBë ÎõAìê OBSýp OdQ küãp uõÿ Aq ô kAyPú KBouþ gB¾©ú Géi ô qGBó uÓlÿ Gõkû AuQ. AuQ. Gõkû uÓlÿ qGBó ô Géi gB¾©ú AüõAó ìlADò KBüPhQ uBuBðýBó qAkâBû qGBó LBouþ koÿ LBouþ qGBó qAkâBû uBuBðýBó KBüPhQ ìlADò AüõAó

ô ðõüvñlâBðþ kAyPú AuQ ô qoOzPýBó ko AüpAó GßBoøBÿ küñþ ô ô küñþ GßBoøBÿ AüpAó ko qoOzPýBó ô AuQ kAyPú ðõüvñlâBðþ ô c×BÊQ GÓlAk Gú KBox AuPBó ðrküßþ ô AüpAó Gú AÎpAJ cíéú Aq Kw Îéíþ ô AkGþ ìzÓõë Gõkû Aðl. Aì©B GÏl Aq cíéú ìÓõë âõüB qoOz- âõüB ìÓõë cíéú Aq GÏl Aì©B Aðl. Gõkû ìzÓõë AkGþ ô Îéíþ Gú Þú ìùBWpüñþ GÏùlû ìlAüò koGBo ko ì¿Çée koÿ² KBouþ qGBó PýBó AüpAó (uõAÿ qoOzPýBó ürk ô ÞpìBó Þú KBÿ ìÓõë Gú @ó clôk clôk @ó Gú ìÓõë KBÿ Þú ÞpìBó ô ürk qoOzPýBó (uõAÿ AüpAó PýBó yùpøBDþ ko ypÝ, ko ô AÖPBk Gõkðl Þpkû ìùBWpR AüpAó ypÝ âpühPñl.Aq âpühPñl.Aq ÞpìBó ô ürk ô øñlôuPBó Gú üB ô ylðl ÞzPú üB ðpuýl) oA gõk ðËî ô ðTp ÞPBGùBÿ AüpAðýBó uípÚñl, ô GhBoA ô Géi øí`õó uõÿ küãp, èùXú koÿ Þú gõk oüzú ko ðBcýú KBox kAyQ , Gp Gp , kAyQ KBox ðBcýú ko oüzú gõk Þú koÿ èùXú küãp, uõÿ yÏp qGBó GlAó øî gpAuBó yÏpAÿ ô ðõyPñl koÿ KBouþ GrGBó èùXú Kùéõÿ uBuBðþ ÒéHú Þpk ô Aq ìzpÝ AüpAó Gú ìÓpJ ô yíBë yíBë ô ìÓpJ Gú AüpAó ìzpÝ Aq ô Þpk ÒéHú uBuBðþ Kùéõÿ èùXú ô Öpøñãþ @SBo qAkâBû Aôèýò uývPBó ô gpAuBó ô ìBôoAèñùp ô â×Pñl upAüQ ô GÏl Aq ^ñl Úpó kô GBoû Gú KBox ko WñõJ GBqâzQ. GBqâzQ. WñõJ ko KBox Gú GBoû kô Úpó ^ñl Aq GÏl ô upAüQ yl. yñBgPú koÿ KBouþ AkGþ ko OBoüi AüpAó GÏl Aq Auçï, Aq OíBï èùXú øBÿ AüpAðþ ô qGBðùBÿ qGBðùBÿ ô AüpAðþ øBÿ èùXú OíBï Aq Auçï, Aq GÏl AüpAó OBoüi ko Gpkðl AüpAó ypÝ Gú WñõJ Aq oA koÿ KBouþ Þú ìùBWpüñþ Wíéú Aq ìzùõo AkGþ Ký{ Aq Auçï , OñùB èùXú Aÿ Þú G¿õoR üà qGBó qGBó üà G¿õoR Þú Aÿ èùXú OñùB , Auçï Aq Ký{ AkGþ ìzùõo AüpAó ypÝ Gú ìnøHþ ÖzBoøBÿ GÏéQ Þú Gõkðl qoOzPýBó ô ìrkÞýBó ouíþ ko@ìl ô ko OíBï kôoû Auçìþ ìõok AuP×Bkû uýBuþ ô Îéíþ Îéíþ ô uýBuþ AuP×Bkû ìõok Auçìþ kôoû OíBï ko ô ko@ìl ouíþ uBuBðýBó kôoû AôAgp Aq Þú ðýr AüpAðþ üùõküBó Þpkðl. ìùBWpR ô AkGþ ÚpAo âpÖQ ô cP©þ ìlO©ùB qGBó uýBuþ ÚvíQ Groâþ Aq ÚBo©û ÚBo©û Aq Groâþ ÚvíQ uýBuþ qGBó ìlO©ùB cP©þ ô âpÖQ ÚpAo AkGþ ô ìùBWpR ^ýò ô øñl Gú âpôøþ Gõkðl, âpÖPú ÚpAo AmüQ ô uPî ìõok @uýB yl, øíýò qGBó AuQ ô yBÎpAó ô ðõüvñlâBó ìB @ðpA GñBìùBÿ GñBìùBÿ @ðpA ìB ðõüvñlâBó ô yBÎpAó ô AuQ qGBó øíýò yl, @uýB @ó Gú GBgõk oA koÿ KBouþ Þú Gõkðl ÞvBðþ AqAôèý©ò ô ðíõkðl âõðBâõó, “koÿ” , “KBouþ”, “KBouþ koÿ” ô üB “KBouþ ðõ” gõAðlû gõAðlû ðõ” “KBouþ üB ô koÿ” “KBouþ “KBouþ”, , “koÿ” âõðBâõó, Gpkðl. øB upqìýò Aðl. qGBó Gp Îçôû oA küñþ ô AgçÚþ ô AkGþ ÞPI uBuBðýBó qìBó ko ^ñBðßú Aq AyBoAR ìhPéØ OBoühþ ô øí`ñýò Aq OõÂýdBR WÓpAÖýB WÓpAÖýB OõÂýdBR Aq øí`ñýò ô OBoühþ ìhPéØ AyBoAR Aq ^ñBðßú ìþ øî WñõGþ Kùéõÿ gÈ© ô GrGBó , kGýpû küò GhÈ ô qðl AôuPBDþ² ðõüvBó ô WùBðãpkAó Þú Æþ© uú Úpó A©ôë ô AôAüê Úpó ^ùBoï øXpÿ øXpÿ ^ùBoï Úpó AôAüê ô A©ôë Úpó uú Æþ© Þú WùBðãpkAó ô ðõüvBó ìõGlAó ðrk ko øñõq yzî ô KñXî Úpó OB gÈ© ô qGBó Aüò ðõyPñl. 31 ko ÎpJ Ové©È kôoû OíBï ko ìýB~ül, Gp Aðl Þpkû ìvBÖpR AüpAó Gú øBÿ ÞPýHú ô ÞPBGùB ðíõðú ô kAyQ oôAZ AüpAó kAðzíñlAó ô qoOzPþ AüpAó ko ÚvíPùBÿ ìhPéØ AüpAó ìpkï øñõq GrGBó KBouþ koÿ uhò uhò koÿ KBouþ GrGBó øñõq ìpkï AüpAó ìhPéØ ÚvíPùBÿ ko AüpAó AuQ. ylû mÞp ìÛBèú Aüò Auçï Aq ÚHê AüpAðþ AkGýBR Gh{ ko @ó ìýã×Pñl ô qGBó ÎpGþ üB Öùíýló @ó Aðd¿Bo GÇHÛú ìÏýò kAyQ. Aq Aq kAyQ. ìÏýò GÇHÛú Aðd¿Bo @ó Öùíýló üB ÎpGþ qGBó ô ìýã×Pñl AuQ, û ìBðl GBÚþ KBqðl GñBï , Auçï Aq GÏl AôuPBÿ ÞPBJ Aq Þú oA @ð`ú uõÿ küãp ^õó AüpAðýBó ìvéíBó, GpAÿ ðõyPò qGBó koÿ, oÖPú oÖPú koÿ, qGBó ðõyPò GpAÿ ìvéíBó, AüpAðýBó ^õó küãp uõÿ ko ô GPloüY AìB , Gýñýî ìþ kGýpû küò gÈ ô Kùéõÿ GrGBó AGPlA ko oÖPú gÈ© ÎpGþ oA Gpârülû Gõkðl, gÈ ô qGBó Kùéõÿ ko AüpAó GPloüY GPloüY AüpAó ko Kùéõÿ qGBó ô gÈ Gõkðl, Gpârülû oA ÎpGþ gÈ© oÖPú GñB ylðl. ìþ ðõyPú koÿ KBouþ GrGBó ðýr @SBo Aüò GÏlÿ øBÿ Úpó ìñvõj âpkül ô gÈ© Auçìþ Þú ÞõÖþ ô ð¯vi ô ðvPÏéýÜ Aq AðõAÑ @ó @ó AðõAÑ Aq ðvPÏéýÜ ô ð¯vi ô ÞõÖþ Þú Auçìþ gÈ© ô âpkül ìñvõj Úpó AôAüê GB GpAGp øXpÿ ø×Pî Úpó AôAüê OB GùBo AèzÏpAF ìéà Gã×Pú ìýHByñl WBÿ @ó oA âpÖQ. oA @ó WBÿ ìýHByñl gõAðñlâBó AüpAó ÞñBo ô âõyú ko Kùéõÿ qGBó ô gÈ ìýçkÿ uýrkøî The Schoyen Collection ðíõðú gÈ© ðvPÏéýÜ gÈ© ðíõðú

ô Öpøñãþ gõk AðPhBJ ðíõkðl ô ðýíú ypÚþ upqìýò gé×Bÿ ÎHBuþ ÎHBuþ gé×Bÿ upqìýò ypÚþ ðýíú ô ðíõkðl AðPhBJ gõk Öpøñãþ ô uBë 003 Aq Gý{ Þú ðýr AüpAðþ üùõküBó Þú AuQ øñãBï øíýò ko Þú yBìê AüpAó, AÖÓBðvPBó ô øñl ô @uýBÿ ìpÞrÿ ô @ðBOõèþ AuQ AuQ @ðBOõèþ ô ìpÞrÿ @uýBÿ ô øñl ô AÖÓBðvPBó AüpAó, yBìê Þú Kùéõÿ, qGBó GXBÿ Auçï Aq GÏl â×Pñl, ìþ uhò Kùéõÿ GrGBó Gõk GrGBó KBouþ koÿ üB KBouþ ðõ âpôülðl. Glüò OpOýI qGBó KBouþ ðõ ðõ KBouþ qGBó OpOýI Glüò âpôülðl. ðõ KBouþ üB koÿ KBouþ GrGBó Aq AuP×Bkû GXBÿ ôèþ Þpkðl. AuP×Bkû koÿ KBouþ Aq ìdBôoû GpAÿ G¿õoR qGBó uýBuþ, AkGþ ô Îéíþ GvýBoÿ Aq ÞzõoøB Aq Wíéú, Wíéú, Aq ÞzõoøB Aq GvýBoÿ Îéíþ ô AkGþ uýBuþ, qGBó G¿õoR gÈ AÂBÖBOþ á Aðl GB âpÖPú ÖB¾éú AÞTpüQ gÈ© Aq Auçìþ, gÈ© ko ypÝ, øñlôuPBó ko @ìl. @ìl. ko øñlôuPBó ypÝ, ko koÿ ÖBouþ GrGBó Þú oA ÖBouýùõk @SBo ôAôèýò Gpârülðl oA ÎHpÿ uéÇBó ìdíõk Òrðõÿ (0301- 999 ï.) ô ÖPõcBR Aô ko øñl OB ðBcýú ðBcýú OB øñl ko Aô ÖPõcBR ô ï.) 999 (0301- Òrðõÿ ìdíõk uéÇBó kuQ GÏéQ @SBo, Aüò ânAokðl. GBÚþ ìB GpAÿ ìýHByl ÎHpÿ GhÈ ô KñXBJ, GBÎU Oõ uÏú Auçï ô qGBó KBouþ ko @ó ðõAcþ âzQ ô Kw Kw ô âzQ ðõAcþ @ó ko KBouþ qGBó ô Auçï uÏú Oõ GBÎU KñXBJ, Kþ ko âzB oAû ôuBDê Aq üßþ qGBðzñBuBó GpAÿ Aìpôqû ðhõokâþ, Aq Aô WBðzýñBð{ OB uBë5611 ìýçkÿ GB cßõìQ gõk ko @ó ðõAcþ ðõAcþ @ó ko gõk cßõìQ GB ìýçkÿ uBë5611 OB WBðzýñBð{ Aô Aq koÿ KBouþ Gú uBuBðþ) (Kùéõÿ ìýBðú KBouþ qGBó OÓýýpAR âýpÿ² Gú OõuÏú @ó AkAìú kAkðl. kAkðl. AkAìú @ó OõuÏú Gú ìýB~ül. GzíBo âvPp} Auçï ô Öpøñä AüpAðþ ko øñl Aq ypÝ OB ðBcýú GñãBë ô ô GñãBë ðBcýú OB ypÝ Aq øñl ko AüpAðþ Öpøñä ô Auçï âvPp} ylû ì®Ïp©¯J ¾lADþ, ^ñýò ðlAyPò GÏéQ “N”, cpÙ ÎpGþ qGBó ko ko WñõJ OB cýlo @GBk AkAìú üBÖQ. Îçôû Gp cßípAðBó, GvýBoÿ Aq Aq GvýBoÿ cßípAðBó, Gp Îçôû üBÖQ. AkAìú @GBk cýlo OB WñõJ ko “ÖBouþ” oA “KBouþ” Þéíú Aìpôqû ènA ìýzõk. “Ù” cpÙ Gú OHlüê ìHéÓýò Auçï GB uhñBó ô OHéýÓBR ìnøHþ gõk OõAìB« GBÎU OpôüY OpôüY GBÎU OõAìB« gõk ìnøHþ OHéýÓBR ô uhñBó GB Auçï ìHéÓýò “N” cpÙ Þú Aðãéývþ Wíéú Aq gBoWþ qGBðùBÿ ko Aì©B ìýßñýî. Oé×©Ì 32 qGBó ÖBouþ ô O¿©õÙ Auçìþ ylðl. ko kôoAó uévéú ìÓõë ìÓõë uévéú kôoAó ko ylðl. Auçìþ O¿©õÙ ô ÖBouþ qGBó ¾lAÿ GB ô ì®Ïp©¯J ¾õoR Gú @ðpA ðHBül ô ðývQ èrôìþ kAok, ôWõk øBÿ øñl (8581-6251 ï.) , koGBo Gpgþ Aq KBkyBøBó @ó ^õó GBGp, GBGp, ^õó @ó KBkyBøBó Aq Gpgþ koGBo , ï.) (8581-6251 øñl øBÿ ì¿pÙ Aðãéývþ GrGBó ðõyPBo üB ¾dHQ øñãBï ènA Þñýî. Oé×Ì “Ù” øíBüõó , AÞHp ô yBû WùBó WBüãBøþ GpAÿ cíBüQ Aq qGBó KBouþ KBouþ qGBó Aq cíBüQ GpAÿ WBüãBøþ WùBó yBû ô AÞHp , øíBüõó èÓQ ì¿pÙ Aq Op ¾dýe KBouþ) Aðãéývþ (ìÏBkë Persian èÓQ âpkülðl. GÇõoüßú uHà ðõyPú øBÿ @ó kôoAó oA ko AkGýBR ÖBouþ, ÖBouþ, AkGýBR ko oA kôoAó @ó øBÿ ðõyPú uHà GÇõoüßú âpkülðl. uBüp ko èÓQ Aüò ì¿pÙ ko oA A¾ê øíýò AuQ. Farsi üBÖPú OÓýýp uHà øñlÿ ô Gpgþ ðýr GÏéQ OÛBoó @ó GB Îùl ¾×õü©ú ,@ðpA uHà uHà ,@ðpA ¾×õü©ú Îùl GB @ó OÛBoó GÏéQ ðýr Gpgþ ô øñlÿ uHà ðíõk. oÎBüQ GBül ìýHByñl “N” cpÙ kAoAÿ Þú gBoWþ qGBðùBÿ A¾×ùBðþ gõAðlû Aðl. qGBó KBouþ koÿ Îçôû Gp AüpAó Aìpôqÿ, Aìpôqÿ, AüpAó Gp Îçôû koÿ KBouþ qGBó Aðl. gõAðlû A¾×ùBðþ ìýçkÿ 8521 uBë ko ÎH©BuýBó gçÖQ KBüBó ô GÓlAk GÏlAquÛõÉ øñõq ko @uýBÿ ìpÞrÿ Aq Wíéú GhBoA, Géi, AÖÓBðvPBó ô OBWýßvPBó OBWýßvPBó ô AÖÓBðvPBó Géi, GhBoA, Wíéú Aq ìpÞrÿ @uýBÿ ko øñõq Aq Kw ô AüéhBðBó @ìló ÞBo up Gp GÏéQ ìÓõë, øçÞõgBó Gõuýéú GÏñõAó üà qGBó qðlû oôAZ kAok. kAok. oôAZ qðlû qGBó üà GÏñõAó yl. OÛvýî ìhPéØ âpôû Glô GÓlAk Öpøñãþ cõqû OýíõoüBó, @ó ó uéXõÚþ ó cßípAðB Aìpôqÿ) (OpÞýú ¾Óýp @uýBÿ ko küãp, uõÿ Aq ÞzõoøBÿ Aìpôqû Þú ÎH©BuýBó AèhçÖú OdQ upqìýñùBÿ ÒpGþ ðýíú ÎpJ qGBó oA Ozßýê ìýløñl, qGBó ÎpGþ oA GpAÿ AkAìú ÞBoøBÿ Îéíþ Îéíþ ÞBoøBÿ AkAìú GpAÿ oA ÎpGþ qGBó ìýløñl, Ozßýê oA qGBó ÎpJ Þéýéú ô kìñú Aq Aôèýò ÞPBGùBÿ Kùéõÿ AuQ Þú Gõuýéú ÎHlAè©éú Gò ìÛ×Ð Gú ÎpGþ Gú ìÛ×Ð Gò ÎHlAè©éú Gõuýéú Þú AuQ Kùéõÿ ÞPBGùBÿ Aôèýò Aq kìñú ô Þéýéú ô ko Îùl uBìBðýBó Gõuýéú AGõAè×Ãê ìdí©l GéÏíþ Gú ðTp ÖBouþ OpWíú yl yl OpWíú ÖBouþ ðTp Gú GéÏíþ ìdí©l AGõAè×Ãê Gõuýéú uBìBðýBó Îùl ko ô

øBÿ ìd©éþ gõk Aq Wíéú Aokô, u³Ólÿ, W¯ÓPBÿ ôK³zPõ uhò ìýã×Pú ìýã×Pú uhò ôK³zPõ W¯ÓPBÿ u³Ólÿ, Aokô, Wíéú Aq gõk ìd©éþ øBÿ ô âzPñl gõk ìñBÆÜ ko KBouþ qGBó ìÏpÖþ ìõWI 7701ï.) (7031- 33 Öpqðl Öp©gþ Aðl. ôupôkû ðõyPú øî ÖBouþ GrGBó Gp@ó Îçôû Aðl, ðíõkðl. KBulAoÿ @ðpA ÎTíBðþ OpÞýú KBkyBøBó øî øB @ó Aq Kw üà Gpkû Opá, Aìýp gvpô køéõÿ ô ÒBèI Aq køéþ ô AÚHBë æøõoÿ æøõoÿ AÚHBë ô køéþ Aq ÒBèI ô køéõÿ gvpô Aìýp Opá, Gpkû üà @uýBÿ Gú ogñú Aq Kw Gõkðl, Opá ðtAk Aq gõk Þú ÎTíBðþ KBkyBøBó AqæøõoAq Wíéú uPBoâBó ô AkGBÿ Òýp AüpAðþ² AkJ ÖBouþ øvPñl. øvPñl. ÖBouþ AkJ AüpAðþ² Òýp AkGBÿ ô uPBoâBó Wíéú AqæøõoAq Öpøñä ô AkJ ôAæÿ ìÛBï ô Aoq} ìPõWú uýrkøî, Úpó ko ¾Óýp ÖBouþ AkJ ô Öpøñä uéXõÚýBó Aq OHÏý©Q Gú ylû ðBcýú ko ÖBouþ AkAìú kAok..... AkAìú kAkðl. ÚpAo gõk ìzÜ up oA KBkyBøBó ÎTíBðþ GílR KñY Úpó ô ðýî ìBðñl KBkyBøBó Òrðõÿ ô ô Òrðõÿ KBkyBøBó ìBðñl ðýî ô Úpó KñY GílR ÎTíBðþ KBkyBøBó uéXõÝ ðãBølAo ô ìz©õÝ Öpøñä ô AkJ ÖBouþ Gõkû Aðl. øíBðãõðú øíBðãõðú Aðl. Gõkû ÖBouþ AkJ ô Öpøñä ìz©õÝ ô ðãBølAo uéXõÝ Þú AuPBk AcvBó üBo yBÆp üBk @ôoìþ yõðl, AqÚpó KñXî OB Úpó Úpó OB KñXî AqÚpó yõðl, @ôoìþ üBk yBÆp üBo AcvBó AuPBk Þú ðõqkøî ìýçkÿ, qGBó KBouþ qGBó AkGþ ô Öpøñãþ ypÝ oôk kWéú kWéú oôk ypÝ Öpøñãþ ô AkGþ qGBó KBouþ qGBó ìýçkÿ, ðõqkøî Gõkû AuQ. AüpAðýBó ô Òýp AüpAðýBó Aâp ^ú ko WBøBÿ ìhPéØ Gú èùXú èùXú Gú ìhPéØ WBøBÿ ko ^ú Aâp AüpAðýBó Òýp ô AüpAðýBó AuQ. Gõkû ânyQ GHñlk ô oôÿ ¾×dú Aÿ u×ýl ô ðõoAðþ uBë Wlül oA @ÒBq @ÒBq oA Wlül uBë ðõoAðþ ô u×ýl Aÿ ¾×dú oôÿ ô GHñlk ânyQ Þñl. íBï øýXBðBR øýXBðBR íBï O ôWõk GB Þõ^ßî, kgPp Þú Þñî ìþ AcvBx ô OdpüßBOþ Þú ko Æþ oôq GB @ó up ô Þéú ìþ qðl,‰ìzPBÚBðú ko ko qðl,‰ìzPBÚBðú ìþ Þéú ô up @ó GB oôq Æþ ko Þú OdpüßBOþ ô AðPËBo @oAìzþ AuQ Þú Aq oôyò Þpkó ô ðãBû Gú yíÐ øB,‰ko yI yI øB,‰ko yíÐ Gú ðãBû ô Þpkó oôyò Aq Þú AuQ @oAìzþ AðPËBo øBÿ cñõÞB, ìþ âýpk. gõydBèî Aq Aüñßú ouõï ô AÎPÛBkAR üùõküQ üùõküQ AÎPÛBkAR ô ouõï Aüñßú Aq gõydBèî âýpk. ìþ cñõÞB, øBÿ øíõAoû KBüú Aÿ AuQ GpAÿ oyl ìÏñõÿ AðvBó ko øp uñþ ô ðrküà ðrküà ô uñþ øp ko AðvBó ìÏñõÿ oyl GpAÿ AuQ Aÿ KBüú øíõAoû Þpkó oôf ô oôAó AÖpAk Gú üßlüãp. üßlüãp. Gú AÖpAk oôAó ô oôf Þpkó oôyñBüþ ô ðõo Wzò Aq : ìtâBó ìÛlï - oøHp oøHp - ìÛlï ìtâBó : Aq

kgPp KñY uBèú Aï GB øýXBó ô yõÝ Gú qðlâþ ìñPËp ouýló ouýló ìñPËp qðlâþ Gú yõÝ ô øýXBó GB Aï uBèú KñY kgPp kôoAó ô ko ko ô kôoAó Aüò ko Þú kAðî ìþ AuQ. @ó ìpAuî AðXBï ô cñõÞB AüBï @ìpüßB ìÛlAo qüBkÿ Aq Aüò môÝ ô yõÝ Gú gBÆp ølAüBüþ AuQ Þú Aq Aq Þú AuQ ølAüBüþ gBÆp Gú yõÝ ô môÝ Aüò Aq qüBkÿ ìÛlAo @ìpüßB ÆpÙ gBðõAkû ô kôuPBó ô ðrküßBó Gú ÆpÙ Aô upAqüp gõAøl yl, yl, gõAøl upAqüp Aô ÆpÙ Gú ðrküßBó ô kôuPBó ô gBðõAkû ÆpÙ AìB ÎzÜ oôyò Þpkó yíÐ ô gõAðló kÎBÿ ìh¿õÁ @ó ðýr ko ko ðýr @ó ìh¿õÁ kÎBÿ gõAðló ô yíÐ Þpkó oôyò ÎzÜ AìB cpÞBR Aô ÞBìç« KýlA AuQ. KýlA ÞBìç« Aô cpÞBR GB kÚQ GvýBo oðä ô ìlë yíÐ øBüþ oA Þú ÚpAo AuQ GpAÿ GpAÿ AuQ ÚpAo Þú oA øBüþ yíÐ ìlë ô oðä GvýBo kÚQ GB cñõÞBAuP×Bkû yõk AðPhBJ ìþ Þñl. Aq Aôèýò uBèþ Þú qGBó GBq Þpk Þpk GBq qGBó Þú uBèþ Aôèýò Aq Þñl. ìþ AðPhBJ yõk cñõÞBAuP×Bkû ô OõAðvQ ^ñl Wíéú oA ko ÞñBo øî ÚpAo køl,‰kÎBÿ ìh¿õÁ oôyò oôyò ìh¿õÁ køl,‰kÎBÿ ÚpAo øî ÞñBo ko oA Wíéú ^ñl OõAðvQ ô Þpkó yíÐ cñõÞB oA üBk âpÖQ ô ìBðñl gõAøp ô GpAko GroâPp} GB GB GroâPp} GpAko ô gõAøp ìBðñl ô âpÖQ üBk oA cñõÞB yíÐ Þpkó AyPýBÝ GvýBo ko oôyò Þpkó yíÐ øB ypÞQ Þpk. ypÞQ øB yíÐ Þpkó oôyò ko GvýBo AyPýBÝ WlA Aq âpìBüþ kèLnüp, ðõo ô oôyñBüþ Þú yÏéú øBÿ yíÐ ko ko yíÐ øBÿ yÏéú Þú oôyñBüþ ô ðõo kèLnüp, âpìBüþ Aq WlA ìdýÈ AüXBk ìýßññl, ðõÎþ yÏØ ô yBkÿ GB gõk Gú øípAû ìþ @ôoðl. @ôoðl. ìþ øípAû Gú gõk GB yBkÿ ô yÏØ ðõÎþ ìýßññl, AüXBk ìdýÈ Kw Aq AÖpôgPò yÏéú øB, OíBï G`ú øB GB ÎçÚú GvýBo ìlOþ Gú yÏéú yÏéú Gú ìlOþ GvýBo ÎçÚú GB øB G`ú OíBï øB, yÏéú AÖpôgPò Aq Kw øBÿ @ó gýpû ìþ yõðl ô @oAìzþ ÎíýÜ WBüãrüò øýXBó @ðùB ìþ ìþ @ðùB øýXBó WBüãrüò ÎíýÜ @oAìzþ ô yõðl ìþ gýpû @ó øBÿ yõk. øñãBìþ Þú øíú gBðõAkû ko ÞñBo øî øvPýî, kÚBüÛþ ^pAÕ øB oA oA øB ^pAÕ kÚBüÛþ øvPýî, øî ÞñBo ko gBðõAkû øíú Þú øñãBìþ yõk. gBìõ} ìþ Þñýî OB ðýpôÿ udp@ìýr yÏéú øB oA GýzPp cw Þñýî. cw GýzPp oA øB yÏéú udp@ìýr ðýpôÿ OB Þñýî ìþ gBìõ} qüp ðõo yíÐ AðvBó øB @oAï Op Gú ðËp ìþ @üñl, qüHBDþ øB ô ô øB qüHBDþ @üñl, ìþ ðËp Gú Op @oAï øB AðvBó yíÐ ðõo qüp qyPþ øB ìPÏBkë Op külû ìþ yõðl, ô Ayà øB ô èHhñl øBÿ AðvBó ko ko AðvBó øBÿ èHhñl ô øB Ayà ô yõðl, ìþ külû Op ìPÏBkë øB qyPþ 34 ìÏpÅ kül AÆpAÖýBó ðývQ. yBül øíýò ìçüíQ qüp ðõo yíÐ AuQ AuQ yíÐ ðõo qüp ìçüíQ øíýò yBül ðývQ. AÆpAÖýBó kül ìÏpÅ Þú ko øp ìXéw ô ìpAuî oôcBðþ, uõâõAoÿ ô yBkÿ oôyò Þpkó Þpkó oôyò yBkÿ ô uõâõAoÿ oôcBðþ, ìpAuî ô ìXéw øp ko Þú @ó Oõ¾ýú ìþ yõk. ìçüíPþ Þú ko kðýBÿ Aìpôq ÞíPp GpAÿ @ó ôÚQ ôÚQ @ó GpAÿ ÞíPp Aìpôq kðýBÿ ko Þú ìçüíPþ yõk. ìþ Oõ¾ýú @ó kAoüî,‰âp^ú GýzPp Gú @ó ðýBqìñlüî. @ó Gú GýzPp kAoüî,‰âp^ú ÞHBèývQ øB ô üùõküBó cBuýlüî ÎÛýlû kAoðl Þú Aq oôq ÞýLõo ÞýLõo oôq Aq Þú kAoðl ÎÛýlû cBuýlüî üùõküBó ô øB ÞHBèývQ OB @gpüò oôq cñõÞB,‰AðvBó Öp¾Q kAok Þú Aq gBèÜ WùBó øvPþ øvPþ WùBó gBèÜ Aq Þú kAok Öp¾Q cñõÞB,‰AðvBó oôq @gpüò OB OÛBÂBÿ GhzBü{ GpAÿ âñBøBó gõk Þñl,‰ô GB oôyò Þpkó øzPíýò øzPíýò Þpkó oôyò GB Þñl,‰ô gõk âñBøBó GpAÿ GhzBü{ OÛBÂBÿ yíÐ cñõÞB GB oôyñBüþ ô ðõo Kpôðlû Þpkû øBÿ gõk oA ko uBèþ Þú Þú uBèþ ko oA gõk øBÿ Þpkû Kpôðlû ðõo ô oôyñBüþ GB cñõÞB yíÐ

âéþ Aq GBÕ AkGýBR GBÕ Aq âéþ “ kok² kë” kok² “ ðõyPú : WùBðãýp ¾lAÚQ Öp ¾lAÚQ WùBðãýp : ðõyPú (Aq ÞPBJ “ÒpüHBðú”) ÞPBJ (Aq uhò Aq GBqÿ ô KpôAq ÞHõOpøB KpôAq ô GBqÿ Aq uhò Kvpï GB kAyPî ¾dHQ Aq kôuPþ ìþ Þpkï ìþ kôuPþ Aq ¾dHQ â×Pî ìþ gõkï yùp Aq uhò Þú Kw Aq uBèùBÿ Gþ gHpÿ, Gþ uBèùBÿ Aq Kw Þú :”ìdHQ” Þú kôoÿ ô koGloÿ ô kôoÿ øõA OpÞýI ko Gõk Îñ¿pÿ ðBï ìò üBk} Gõk üBk} ìò ðBï “uçï” ô ô ìpA kÎõR Þpk Gú ìùíBðþ üà gBÆpû ko ìlouú. ko gBÆpû üà ìùíBðþ Gú Þpk kÎõR ìpA ô ¾He kï ^Bÿ ÿ ðzEú Aq Kp Jõk Aÿ ôAsû ko up u×pû ÿ ¾HdBðú ÿ üà WíÏú GBoAðþ upk. GBoAðþ WíÏú üà ÿ ¾HdBðú ÿ u×pû up ko @oÿ kAyPî kokë ìþ Þpkï ìþ kokë kAyPî @oÿ Þpkï: gBÆpìBó Aq Kp GBoüà ÿ Þõ^ú Aq ¾dHQ GB Oõ Aÿ gõó ìpA Gpkû Gú AoV Gú Gpkû ìpA gõó Aÿ Oõ GB Gõk ìÇéÜ @yPþ Aq ¾dHQ ô Oõ ko @ó up ìýr up @ó ko Oõ ô küõAo} ô KñXpû ô ko GB ^zî ô âõyQ Gú ìò AìB møñQ AìB ìò Gú âõyQ ô ^zî GýlAo}... yI øíú Oýp up ^pAÕ GB ÎBWr Aq OpWíú ÿ ôAsû ÿ “Aðw”. ÿ ôAsû ÿ OpWíú Aq ÎBWr Gõk Úzñãþ AcvBx ^ú ô up øp oAøãnAo,‰ øp up Aÿ koüÔ Aÿ Gpqó øp ô Þõ^ú øp up Gýò ìB ÖB¾éú ÿ kôo kô Öpøñä AuQ, Öpøñä kô kôo ÿ ÖB¾éú ìB Gýò - ôÚQ øíú ô WB -øíú ô kô ðvê... kô ô Þpkó. OÏé©Ü AcvBx Gýò ìB ÖB¾éú Dþ AuQ Dþ ÖB¾éú ìB Gýò â×Pî: ìþ ìBó GBÒ`ú Aq uhò Kvpï GB kAyPî ìò Aq ÖpAq AcvBx ÖpAq Aq üBx ô ìpüî âê ô upj âê ÎÇp Aq uhò OB upAqüpÿ ÚBðõó OñBqÑ ô GÛBF ô OñBqÑ ÚBðõó upAqüpÿ OB ðýéõÖpøB oÖPò ô @ìló Aq uhò 36

Shofar A Publicarion of Iranian - American Jewish Federation English Section

Editorial /2 Winter 2008-2009 Message from Manouchehr Nazarian /4 A Community United to Serve /5 Editor in chief Mojgan Moghadam-Rahbar Women’s Health Day /7 [email protected] Iranian Jewry from past to present /8 A new way to follow old traditions /9

Contributing Writers Change for progress /10 Farnoush Abrishami , Ira Farnoush , Shirin Gabay A giant step for Americans, A bigger one for Vida Halavi , Mehrdad Levysedgh Iranian-Americans /13 Delila Pouldar , Dr. Nahid Pirnazar-Oberman Tannaz Kamran-Rahbar , Sabba Rahbar The little miracle /14 Tannaz Sassooni , Nicole Sadighi ,Violet Sassooni Farnaz Solomon , Farbod Tojarieh The old man and the wooden bowl /19 Un-kosher practices /20 Cover Painting By: UC or SMC? /23 Mastaneh Moghadam-Ellis Confessions of a college student /25 “Flames Of Love And Peace” Five tips for Law school /26 1

The views and opinions expressed in the published Watch out Latkes, here comes Zoulbia /28 articles, are those of the writer and do not in anyway repersent the views of “Shofar” or Everrbody goes to the movies /30 the Iranian-American Jewish Federation. Book review /32

Typesetting, Layout, and Design by Shilla Shakoori (310) 601-0770 proudly wear these labels like badges of honor that somehow displays to the world who they really are and where they come from. Consumers don’t wear designer labels for vanity alone. Sometimes our sense of activism is what leads us to a particular label. For example, there are designers who pride themselves in being Editorial environmentally friendly or sympathetic to a certain social or political cause, and by purchasing and wearing their clothes consumers show their House Of Humanity solidarity for, and consciousness of, that particular By: Mojgan Moghadam-Rahbar cause. Also, the media, through presentation and (Editor-In-Chief) reports about the latest fashions worn by respected and well-known individuals all over the world, convey the message to ordinary people that using “As we are all well aware, the conduct of the the products of certain designers will bring them elite is often copied by the masses. These closer to the individuals they admire. In this way, individuals can spread the message of the designer clothing can bestow upon a person a humanity and love just as well as the one certain amount of confidence, pride, and beauty, about the importance of being fashionable.” virtues that are important factors in our mental and emotional well being. hile walking along the iconic streets of Rodeo In every red carpet gala, Hollywood party, Drive in Beverly Hills, Fifth Avenue in W and even the latest political campaigns, the Manhattan, and Champs-Elysées in Paris, one becomes clothing and accessories worn by the individuals absolutely mesmerized by the luxurious merchandise has become just as important, if not more so, as so beautifully displayed in the windows of the glamorous the person himself. The celebrity, social activist, and well-known boutiques. or politicians’ values,beliefs, and efforts are often Of course in today’s global market, almost secondary to “who” they are wearing, where they every city has its own center of fashion, which bought it from and how much was spent on it. In often includes the design houses of all the famous other words “who” they are wearing takes precedents fashion artists of our time. These days people over “who they are.” How nice it would be if from all socio-economic backgrounds, and not the media were propelled to report the humani- just the elite and wealthy, seek to adorn the best tarian works and beliefs of the well-known that “bling” has to offer and are willing to go the individual half as much as the designer label worn extra mile to pay for it. It seems that in today’s by him or her. As we are all well aware, the competitive world, wearing clean and tasteful conduct of the elite is often copied by the masses. attire is not enough, one often has to flaunt not These same individuals can spread the message of only the name of the designer label, but also the humanity and love just as well as the one about the chic department store or boutique where the purchase 2 importance of being fashionable. was made. Its no longer, “Honey, do you know In today’s world, where financial prosperity where I put my shoes?” but, “Honey, do you know can compensate for many personal, educational, where I put my Prada’s?” and social deficits, the one thing that cannot be In the past fifty years the designer’s label, bought is humanity. How wonderful it would be if usually hidden inside the merchandise, has turned on Rodeo Drive, alongside the House of Chanel and into a visible emblem meant for exhibition all over the House of Armani, one could find the House of our clothing and accessories. Every new fashion Humanity, where we could purchase some justice, season our favorite designers attempt to keep the honesty, kindness, tolerance, and friendship. consumers happy by introducing new and innovative Imagine, if by just putting on our Humanity ways of displaying the label on the merchandise shoes and carrying our Humanity purse we for optimum show. And of course, the consumers could reach the noble state of compassion. If only “The Human body is dear to man’s soul our Humanity necklace brought us as much inner But the soul is not embodied in the beauty of his peace, and tranquility, as our Van Cleef & Arpels cover.” bracelet brings us prestige, and the admiration of others. Alas, while some things can be bought With hopes for the grand opening of “The House if you’ve got the right amount of money, other Of Humanity,” I wish you all a bright Hanukah things remain priceless. A well-known poem by and a healthy new year. the great eleventh century Persian Poet and philosopher, Sa’adi translates:

Messengers Of Hanukkah By: Rose C. Engel and Judith M. Berman

My candles wait Throughout the day Until the evening falls, Messengers of Hanukkah, They stand so straight and tall.

I sing a blessing As I light Each tiny wick in turn, Bright their light, In dark of night See them as they burn.

I watch the giant shadows That my lights Cast on the wall, Telling me That hope can grow Just like these candles small.

One little spark 3 In each man’s heart Can blaze for all to see. Spreading hope Throughout the world That all men will be free. Jews who have immigrated to the United States, and other countries, in recent years. Finding ourselves in a new homeland, many of us have begun a fast pace assimilation process to the new culture, while setting aside our old cultural values and traditions. Although change is inevitable, abrupt change without a proper transitional period can result in unpleasant consequences. In Iran, Jews held a distinct place in society Message From: with certain limitations placed on them as a minority. Within those constraints, their values and traditions Manouchehr Nazarian were largely homogenous and their identities quite President Of The Iranian-American Jewish clear. These beliefs and values were passed down to Federation’s Executive Board our children with little change from one generation to the next. For example, an Iranian Jew was accepted and considered as part of the community regardless of how “Judaism promotes flexibility and unity. We often he attended synagogue. have learned to adapt to the laws and cultures Here in the United States, many Iranian Jewish of our home countries. This has helped Jews families struggle to find themselves a home among so survive and prosper throughout the years, many different options for religious expression. While no matter which part of the world we called greater freedom and equality, have allowed members home.” of our community to achieve success in many fields, there is a conflict between the traditional values and the very year during Hanukah, I can’t help reminiscing values of the country they now call home. The lack of Eabout the way we celebrated this holiday in Iran, a transitional period before assimilation has created a compared to how we celebrate it here. In the United void in the social and moral conducts of many young States and other western countries, Hanukah receives adults within our community. Regardless of apparent special attention because it coincides with the winter educational and external success, there is a sense of holiday season. In Iran Passover was the time when indifference and irresponsibility for their actions, among Iranian Jews exchanged gifts and visited family and the youth. As parents, we have tried to provide all that friends. Other than its religious importance, it had a we think is necessary for the well-being, and success of special significance because; it was the Jewish holiday our children in education, and the work force. Since our that coincided with the Persian New Year celebration children are not faced with the same struggles we dealt of Norooz. with, as members of a small minority living in Iran, they Until only 60 years ago and Israel’s indepen - have thrived in many ways but do not possess the solid dence, Jews were considered a minority wherever they social and moral values needed to fall back on. lived. Although we all share the same roots and faith, Fortunately, there are different Iranian Jewish the cultural and social values of each Jewish community organizations, all over the United States, which strive around the world is different. Jews have always to educate and help our community to over come these followed the value system of their birth country to a issues and find new ways of solving them. great extent. Our leaders have always encouraged us to We are fortunate to have immigrated to a country where equal rights and democracy are the law. 4 become a part of our individual communities, by following the laws and contributing to its culture. Such And as proven by the recent presidential election, people differences have led to disparate customs and traditions from any race or religion can achieve important social among Jews throughout the world. For example, while and political positions. We can, and must use the great Ashkenazi Jews refrain from eating rice during Passover, amount of benefits and potential available to us in this it is a staple at the dinner table for Mizrahi and Middle country. Also, we should be careful to create change Eastern Jews. slowly, so as not to diminish our own values. This is the Judaism promotes flexibility and unity. We only way we can secure a better future for the next have learned to adapt to the laws and cultures of our generation without compromising the quality of their home countries. This has helped Jews survive and prosper lives. throughout the years, no matter which part of the world May the New Year and Hannukah be blessed we called home. This has also been the case for Iranian with hope, health, and light for all our compatriots and all Jews throughout the world. for the enthusiasm she has created within the organization and community. Corri Plank presented a Certificate of Merit from the Mayor of City of West-Hollywood, Abbie Land. Prior to being elected as the Mayor in January, Abbie Land served as Mayor Pro Temp for the City of West Hollywood. This Certificate recognizes the efforts of IAJF’s Women’s Division and the goals A Community United of “A community United to Serve,” campaign. The program continued by recognizing all the to Serve volunteers who had assisted the Women’sDivision of Iranian-American Jewish Federation’s IAJF in the past. The idea of honoring our past Women’s Division before beginning with the future was received with

ore than 150 women leaders of different Jewish MService organizations celebrated each other and their unity on Tuesday September 23rd. The event, was the first meeting of the new IAJF’s Women’s Division, titled “A Community United to Serve” held at the beautiful IAJ Center. There were several goals for gathering these active-female leaders of our community together: 1- To honor them, applaud them, and offer appreciations for their years of service. 2- To create unity and harmony amongst women organizations in our community. 3- To better familiarize each organization with the tremendous applause and words of appreciation from services offered by others. all participants. Next, the Board members of the new 4-To request their input in pointing out the needs of Women’s Division were introduced and greeted. our community, especially those issues facing our These members include: Soheila Arian Hlimi, women and our youth. Through a questionnaire. Dr. Rosa Boostanifar Johnson, Dr. Rochelle 5- To create a united voice for Iranian American Boostanifar Yazdi, Dr. Sima Boostanifar, Vicki Jewish Women on mutually agreed upon social issues. Darvish, Lida Ebrahimian, Shahla Ebrami, Rosita Ebrami, Lili Elghanian Mehdizadeh, Debbie Farnoush, When the Idea of this gathering was presented Nicole Farnoush, Mona Javdan, Elizabeth Khoramian, to IAJF, it received unanimous approval since it is Minoo Konhanzadeh, Sima Kohanzadeh, Soheila parallel with the goals of the organization. Makani, Kathy Melamed, Michelle Melamed, Mahnaz The mesmerizing voice of Nicole Farnoush, a Mossanen Yashari, Mahnaz Nazarian, Jila Rabani, 5 member of “30 Years After Organization”, singing Azita Sabet, Violet Sassooni, Nadereh Soleimani the national Anthems of United States, Israel and Iran, Jam, Shahla Yashar, Shahim Yonai Sapir, Jila Yousefi, was an uplifting and emotional beginning to this super and Mahnaz Zargarian Ramin. With an advisory energized gathering. board, which includes: Dr. Sima Baravarian, Mehri IAJF’s President, Mike Nazarian, who Sinai, Dr. Nahid Pirnazar Oberman, Louise Golshan, offered words of praise and deep appreciation to all Soraya Zargarian Melamed, Dr. Mojgan Hakimi, the ladies, for their tireless efforts and their and Azizeh Kermanian. humanitarian achievements, welcomed the guests. He introduced and thanked Shahla Zargarian-Javdan, The day’s excitement reached its pick when the new President of Women’s Division, for her the president or a representative of each of the 22 foresight in recognizing the needs of our time, her small and large active Jewish Women’s organization endless efforts on behalf of this timely gathering, and gave their 3 minutes report explaining their organization’s goals, projects and visions. Participating organizations included: 30 Years After, Alliance, I.U. Arm, B’nai B’rith, Etta Israel, Golda Magbit, Hadassa Haifa, Hadassa Malka, Iranian Jewsish Women’s Organization, Namat USA, Namat Young Leaders, Nessah, Or Emona, ORT, Mthers For Tomorrow, The Next Generation, Women of Vision, Mahayad-El-Hope, Payvand Group, and Hatef. The audience warmly received all presentations, and a long stem red rose was presented to the speakers in appreciation of their work. Many presenters began their comments by confirming the need for such a gathering, its timeliness, and educational value, and how much the participants learned from each other. In addition to all board members, several Jewish Iranian professionals, who provide much needed services, for the community, were in attendance, including. Heidi Herbert-Aynechi from California State Department Of Rehab, who gave short report about services her office offers. This report was most welcomed, and received many follow up questions from varied organizations wanting to refer needy members of the community to them. Other distinguished guests present were Dr. Dorit Miller, Dr Shadee Toomari. Mojgan Moghadam- Rahbar (editor Shofar publication), Shirly Khodadad,. Pari Abasalty (editor of “Rah-e-Zendegi” magazine), Dr. Nahid Pirnazar, and Dr. Azizeh Bral. All participants were asked to answer a questionnaire provided by the organizers, asking them to “identify what you believe are the most pressing issues facing the women, the youth and the families in our community and the ways you believe we can solve them.” After collecting these comments, Shahla Javdan remarked that, “The positive feed back from attendees exceeded our expectation! Now that the introductory phase has taken place, we are working on 6 the follow up meeting to be held in early December to further discuss, pin point, and identify the most pressing social issues in our community.” Javdan closed the program by saying: “Another meeting will be followed by a major Seminar with knowledgeable experts showing us the practical ways to deal with selected social issues picked from the returned questionnaires.” Women’s Health Day By: Farnoush Abrishami

he “Women’s Health Day”, an informative T and engaging event designed by the Health & Wellness Committee took place on October 26th, at Iranian American Jewish Federation. This program was free of charge and open to the public. Over 800 women of all age groups and interests attended the event and were eager to find out more about health issues concerning their gender. This was an all day affair, with several seminars on different topics through out the day informing and educating women in wide range of subjects.The seminars included topics such as Healthy Living; Nutrition, Supplements and Exercise, Women’s Cancers- Prevention, Detection and Treatment - Menopause, Hormone Replacement and Osteoporosis, Prenatal Care - Healthy Mother, Healthy Baby, Healthy Hearts - Heart Disease and Stroke in Women, and Thyroid Health. Knowledgeable physicians & experts were invited to speak and lead the seminars. In another section, informative booths along with free healthy foods were sent up for the participants. Apparel and jewelry boutiques were also provided, which gave the event a friendlier and more enjoyable atmosphere. The proceeds from the boutique were donated to the 7 American Cancer Society. A great part of the event was an art exhibition showing the works of six very talented artists of our community. Shabnam Kimiabakhsh, head of the Health and Wellness Committee of the Iranian-American Jewish Federation, and her hard working committee members, beautifully organized the event. All participants found the seminars and their topics very useful and informative. The committee plans to have more such one-day events on other important health related topics in the near future. David Menasheri from Tel Aviv University, Parvaneh Pourshariati from Ohio State University, Maria Subtelny from University of Toronto, Evan Rapport from New York University, Orly Rahimiyan from Ben Gurion University, and Jaleh Pirnazar from University of California Berkeley. Some of the topics covered by this distin - guished group of speakers were: The Sassanian Legal System and the Babylonian Talmud, Notes on the Jews in the Pre-Constitutional Years of 1896- 1906, Voluntary Religious Conversion of Iranian Iranian Jewry From Jews in the Nineteenth Century, The Iranian Shylock: The Image of the Jews in Iranian Cinema, Post- Past To Present Revolutionary Jewish Iranian Literature, Bukharian Jewish Musical Life and Its Relationship “Over 200 participants attended a three day toJudeo-Persian Culture, Persian and Kurdish international conference packed with amazing, Jewish Amulets: Shapes and Images - Text and Social intriguing and eye opening information about Function, and many more interesting topics. the history of Jews in Persia and the lives of Saturday evening the Izra Malakov’s Iranian Jews today.” “Bukharian Jewish Folklore Ensemble” held a dance concert at the Gildenhorn Hall of the University of n international conference about the lives and Maryland with a lively and unique performance. On history of Iranian Jews was held at the University A Sunday the seminars were held at the University of

of Maryland from Saturday November first to Monday Maryland and on Monday they were held at the November third of this year. This conference was Library of Congress. The chairpersons and directors sponsored by The Joseph and Rebecca Meyer- of the conference included: Ahmad Karimi-Hakak, hoff Center for Jewish Studies, The Roshan Cultural director of Roshan Center; Hayim Lapin, director Heritage Institute Center for Persian Studies, University of Meyerhoff Center; Houman Sarshar, independent of Maryland, College Park, and co-hosted by scholar; Madeline Zilfi, University of Maryland; 8 The Hebraic Section and Near East Section, Leah Baer,Independent Scholar; Christopher Murphy, African Middle Eastern Division of Library of Head of the Near Section Library of Congress; Congress in Washington D.C. and James H. Billington, Librarian of Congress. Over 200 participants attended the three day A collection of rare Irano-Judaica books was event, which was packed with amazing, intriguing displayed in the Library of Congress for public viewing and eye opening information about the history throughout the conference. The sessions were free of Jews in Persia and the lives of Iranian Jews today. and open to the public and received a great reception Guest speakers from all over the world were invited to from the Iranian and the American public and scholarly give information and talk about their expertise in community. relation to Iranian Jewry. Some of the speakers included: Shaul Shaked from Hebrew University, Miriam Macuch from Free University of Berlin, Nahid Pirnazar from University of California Los Angeles, A New Way To Follow Old Traditions

“Nessah Synagogue sets a new precedent by allowing girls to participate in the Shabbat services during their Bat Mitzvah ceremony.”

n August of 2008, the congregation at Nessah I Educational And Cultural Center, in Beverly Hills, witnessed a beautiful addition to the traditional way of conducting a Bat Mitzvah ceremony. On Saturday August 30, the Nourafshan family celebrated the Bat Mitzvah of Rebecca by having her recite the “Shema” and read the Haftarah during the services, while staying true to the laws and orders of the Jewish tradition. rooms of the synagogue. “Through this unprecedented event, in the Rebecca continued her Bat Mitzvah ceremo- history of the Nessah Synagogue, we tried to bring ny by reading the Haftarah and delivering a speech girls and women closer to the Jewish tradition.” Said about the day’s Parashah. Although Rebecca attends Jack Nourafshan, Rebecca’s father and an active mem- the Sinai Akibah School, her family and herself want- ber of the community. In order to involve the women ed to have the Bat Mitzvah services at Nessah, in or- and the female section of the congregation, Rebecca der to be closer to the Iranian Jewish traditions. Nes- was asked to recite the “Shema” toward the women’s sah Educational Center provides classes and private section, and asked them to participate in the singing tutoring for Bnai Mitzvah ceremonies. The congre- of the prayer. “The way she included the ladies of gation has different Shabbat services for teenagers, the congregation in her reading, encouraged them to young adults, and children, as well as a toddler room. participate in the services.” Nourafshan explains. Dr. Mojgan Hakimi, past president of Nessah, In order to create a more personal and warm was very happy that such an event and opportunity 9 atmosphere during the services, Rebecca’s father as well for girls became possible during her term. “We talked as other family members and the Rabbi did the Torah and presented our views and the needs of the commu- readings and the Aliyah. Rabbi David Shofet, the reli- nity and I am so happy that the congregation was able gious leader of Nessah congregation, was fully to open a new way for girls and women to feel more supportive of the inclusion of g i rl s i n th e ceremo- involved and become active participants during the ny in this way, which stayed true to Jewish traditions. services.” She said. We hope that the Iranian-Ameri- Also participating in the services were Rabbi Mendel can Jewish community will continue to reinvent itself Weiss and Rabbi Hillel Beuchimol, who usually without having to break with valuable and beloved conduct traditions of the past. Shabatt services for different age groups in other Change for Progress By: Nicole Sadighi*

shared his ideas on a “summit with Muslim countries “Many Iranians are keen to find out how the in order to try and improve the United States’ image new President elect will fashion his foreign around the world.” affairs protocol, particularly with their In response to a congratulatory letter from native country.” Ahmadinejad to the President-elect, the first of its kind to a U.S president since the 1979 Islamic revolution, have a dream that my four children will one day Obama said that “Iran’s support for terrorist organiza- “Ilive in a nation where they will not be judged by tions has to cease and its suspected development of the color of their skin, but by the content of their character.” nuclear weapons was not acceptable.” Nonetheless Martin Luther King, Jr. 1963 Ahmadinejad has demonstrated his satisfaction for America is the greatest land of opportunity the election outcome. Unlike his hostile rhetoric of for women, blacks, and minoritites. Obama’s election past, Ahmedinejad has also displayed the Islamic is the most stunning event in history. The notion that Republic’s new sense of security and a confidence if you are black then you cannot be president is now that has not been expressed since Khomeini’s rule. a myth in the United States of America. Nothing will The fact that there are American troops in all the put him down in the history books as much as his skin surrounding Emirates in the south of the Persian Gulf, color and African Americans are proudly standing such as Bahrain, Kuwait and Qatar and, in central tall, and rightly so. Asia, Afghanistan and Iraq, has given Iran’s Mullahs However as Larry Elder pointed out in a CNN a sense of fear and insecurity, and a feeling of being pre-election interview, “this is not the civil rights trapped in a pincer. Iranians have retaliated by trying movement. Though it is because of the success of the to destabilize the Middle East in any way they can civil rights movement that Obama can have this such as their support for Hamas, Hezbollah and opportunity. So we should rather focus on his proposed insurgency in Iraq that has led to the death of so many policies.” It is noteworthy to point out that LarryElder innocent Iraqi people and American allied troops. is a prominent African-American personality. One thing we can be sure of is that when it comes to Winning by 3% of the ballot, one questions whether foreign policy Obama will be faced with tough 10 this was a vote for Obama or a vote against the Bush decisions. His flag for change has been something past administration? It has now been announced that Barack Presidents have been working towards in one form or Obama will be reversing much of President Bush’s another, but perhaps when it comes to the guiding executive orders, such as off shore drilling, and stem principles of foreign affairs a more fitting flag should cell research. As time goes by we will steadily learn be realism. more. What his policy guidelines would be concerning In its efforts to rapidly reverse much of the countries such as Iran, is yet to be confirmed. Bush administration’s policies, the new administra- Many Iranians are keen to find out how the tion should move cautiously in order to ensure that new President elect will fashion his foreign affairs is serving the interests of America and avoid being protocol, particularly with their native country. We do enticed by what the President-elect wants to hear from know that throughout most of his campaigning he has such rogeu regimes, which would only serve that championed engagement with such regimes and even particular regim’s interests. Such cat and mouse play has been exhausted by the U.N., USA and the EU, freedom. The regime is fully aware of this fact and with no results. The EU and UN, have been the voice has shown its anxiety through heavy handed repression of all three and have engaged with the Islamic Republic and mismanagement of the country. directly and indirectly to no avail. If anything, it has It is inaccurately reported each and every simply bought more preciouse time for the regime to single time that the country holds democratic build and facilitate its arsenal to full capability. One parliamentary elections such as the free world is so would just have to look at the regimes behavior during accustomed to. Even though they may define it as the last thirty years to appreciate that they have no such in the Islamic Republic’s national newspaper, intension at conceding. spreading election rhetoric and slogans, which is in There is no offer too good to refuse, that will turn picked up by the western main stream media, convince them to discontinue their efforts. They they are far from traditional democratically held believe its their right to join the union of nuclear elections. A much more fitting explanation would be countries and no matter how many more American parliamentary selections. When candidates representing

presidents are elected to their liking, there is no other parties are forbidden to campaign then it can proposal tempting enough to persuade them other- hardly be termed as anything but a selection of the wise. The stakes are just too high for them. America finest Islamic personalities by the Supreme Leader. It is the super power of the free world. The Islamic could be a hardliner or maybe a so-called reformist. Republic wishes to be the super power of the Islamic It matters not as they do not govern any differently world. If these ambitions come into fruition with full and the titles are just cosmetic. This is how the regime 11 force then that will be a big game changer. survives. This is the reality. Unlike America’s awe-inspiring elections So knowing this, then lessons should be taken where many a presidents have come and gone, the from history to truly understand the accurate nature of Islamic Republics dogmatic system of rule has never the country, its rulers and perhaps more importantly given the Iranian people the opportunity to build their the Iranian people and their background, who have own future and thus they are still struggling to restore quite a different standing from the Islamic Republic democracy, freedom and a secular regime in their in Iran. sovereign country. In Iran the most dynamic group are the young, America is exalting in the fact that it truly is who make up approximately 70% of the country’s the land of free, where no matter of what colour, gender, nearly 70 million population. And they are hungry for race or creed, you still have an abundance of opportunity to reach for the moon. This is the beauty on the offensive. of America. This is America’s truth, despite all of her If president elect Obama wishes to make any critics who are consumed with jealousy. Even European progress concerning Iran, he should not put all his pundits who have long labeled Americans as racist are efforts on whether the Islamic Republic should not be now having to take a good hard look in the mirror. allowed to pursue a nuclear arsenal, but rather focus So, any foreign policy that would welcome on the fact that if in its place there was a free, civilized, too hasty an engagement with the Islamic Republic transparent, rational and secular government in Iran - would surely benefit the Mullahs the most, by unjustly with respect for the most fundamental of human rights giving them legitimacy as a de facto government. and long term ambitions to become an allied partner The people however, who dream for their country to and join the democratic legion of countries - then there once again have the same opportunities to blossom as would not even be any notion of a threatening and dan- America has,would become even more isolated and gerously hostile regime ready to push that little red pushed to the side, once the idea of talks is commenced. button at the first sign of a quarrel. Not to mention that it would not serve the interests of Now that would be change. America’s long term goals. * Nicole Sadighi is a writer and fellow researcher for the Of course being listed as a state sponsoring Center for the Promotion of Democracy and Human Rights terrorism will continue to put the developed free world in Iran.”

Neman Hall features:

Exquisite Ballroom with seating Sanctuary and Chuppah Area for 450 guests Private Bridal Room Kosher Kitchen Facilities 12 (Outside Caterers Accepted) Bedekn and tish area available

Large Dance floor Valet Parking Service

for viewing of venue please contact Irma Smith Direct Line : (323) 656-2142 Iranian American Jewish Center 1317 N. Crescent Hights Blvd. West Hollywood, CA 90046 technicality. I can recall an incident in Hebrew school when I was ten years old. The teacher, hoping to spark discussion, asked if we thought of ourselves as Americans first or Jews first. My response? I told her the question doesn’t apply to me because I’m not A Giant Step For an American. This seemed obvious to me. After all, even if I’d spent all but my first year of life here, I Americans, A Bigger wasn’t born in this country. I don’t like disagreeing with my parents, and I frequently concede to their knowledge and experience. One For Iranian- My dad knows a lot and is extremely insightful; no doubt he sees things that go over my head. But today, Americans after listening to account after account on the radio, of By: Tannaz Sassooni* African-Americans inspired, empowered, and moved to tears, I was overcome with emotion. I cannot deny “My Hebrew teacher once asked, if we thought how excited I am that my country, the one I grew up of ourselves as Americans first or Jews first. in, has made such a historical choice. It got me thinking. How was it that I was feeling My response? I told her the question doesn’t this when my parents weren’t? The thing is, I’ve been apply to me because I’m not an American. educated here in the States. By this point I’ve This seemed obvious to me. After all, even if internalized so many details of African American I’d spent all but my first year of life here, I history, the Underground Railroad and Jim Crow laws, wasn’t born in this country.” the Montgomery bus boycott and the Harlem Renais- sance. There was a period of a couple years in high t’s been an emotional morning. Checking the school where it seemed every book I read was about I news online, I came across a story about President- incidents in the life of a slave girl, or being “black like elect Barack Obama answering a question about the me.” I will never forget how I tore through the pages puppy that he promised his daughters, saying they of Alex Haley’s Roots in the eighth grade: reading are considering getting a “mutt like me.” I’ve always a hundred pages or more in a single sitting, laughing been turned off by the stuffy, insincere way politicians through tears as I learned the entire African American often speak, so it felt great to hear him touch on an story through the lineage of one man, a boy from the issue as contentious as race with such candor. On the Gambia named Kunta Kinte, brought to Annapolis to radio on my drive to work, the subject of President- be sold as a slave. Martin Luther King Jr. is a personal elect Obama, and how different he is from everything hero to me: strengthening one’s community through we’ve known so far, kept coming up. As I listened, I the message of non-violence is the best kind of started looking inward. leadership I can imagine. I take this history to heart. Politics has always been a strange subject in It’s intrinsic to my view of the United States and my family. My dad usually leads the conversations, informs how I see society. On my drive to work this if you can call them that! Generally, it starts with him morning, it became very clear: there are things I asserting a stance that flies in the face of conventional understand and see, that others around me may not. I wisdom. Rather than explain his position, he’ll make guess I can, and must, trust my own perspective. 13 a few short, mysterious statements, and when we press This year’s election says so much about the him, he tells us kids: “you wouldn’t understand,” end power of democracy. Today, I can say with confidence of discussion. that I am an American, because the tears in my eyes My family’s relationship with the United tell me so beyond any doubt. And today, I say it States has been equally enigmatic. We didn’t become proudly. citizens until I was in college, and even then, it was a reluctant concession to convenience: traveling, especially to Israel where we have family, can be quite a hassle when all you’ve got is a green card and brown skin. * Tannaz Sassooni is a freelance writer, currently working So, even when we became Americans in the eye of on an Iranian Jewish cookbook. She works as a technical the law, our citizenship was not something worn with director at DreamWorks Animation. great pride in our household; it was more of a ror and atrocities. I found my answers throughout the evening. On September 9, 2008, Rabbi Zushe Cunin of Chabad of Pacific Palisades presented the “Survivor’s Honorary Evening”. The Guest speaker was Leon Leyson, the youngest survivor on Schindler’s list. Rabbi Cunin’s opening consisted of the following excerpts: “We are here to celebrate the future, and to inspire ourselves and our children to make this world The Little Miracle a better place, as it is in Chabad’s mission, through By: Tannaz Kamran-Rahbar joy, education and inspiration in all walks of life. Tonight’s stories exemplify the infinite possibilities “ Young German officers descended on the to make a better life and to move forward, with the ghettos and on Poland within days to make power of change and transformation. Here we learn their fortune and they confiscated all Jewish to move on in our own lives.” properties. One officer was Oscar Schindler. Throughout the Holocaust, Schindler was arrested several times, and was in danger all the time, but he always managed to get himself out of it. Over and over, he would risk his life for his Jewish workers.”

here was G-d?” “W “Where was man?” These were the expressions of masses of Jews at a commemoration march in Auschwitz a few years ago. Six years, one and a half million children, and 6 million Jews. Their cries were ignored as the world Rabbi Shloime Zacks, also of Chabad, con - watched and remained silent, but for the few angels tinued with the following introduction. His speech is of life. The Talmud says, “he who takes one life is too precious to paraphrase and is included here in its considered to have taken a world entire, and he who entirety: “AFTER THE HOLOCAUST, A NUMBER saves one life has saved the world.” OF JEWS TOO PAINFUL TO COUNT AND GIVE 14 I am walking into the Riviera Country Club in A NUMBER TO, HAD BEEN TAKEN FROM US. Pacific Palisades, California. Lush green grass, mani- AMONG THE UNBEARABLE CHALLENGES cured gardens and gloved staff abound. As I enter AND REALITIES THAT FACED THE SURVIVORS the ridiculously gorgeous building, I take in the charm AFTER LIBERATION, WAS THE TASK OF FIND- of the environment and the grandiose character of the ING JEWISH CHILDREN SENT INTO HIDING IN setting. The breeze carries the scent of ocean and MONASTERIES, CONVENTS AND CHURCHES. flowers through my body, my hair, yet it is no comfort MANY OF THEM WERE BABIES WHEN THEIR to me. This is hardly the place one would imagine, or PARENTS, CRYING BITTER TEARS, HANDED so I thought, for an event to honor the survivors of the OVER THEIR CHILDREN WITH THE HOPE holocaust; hardly the setting to recount stories of hor- THAT THEIR DARLING CHILDREN WOULD ESCAPE AND SURVIVE THE EVILS BEING PER- JEW AND CARRIES US STILL TODAY. THESE PETRATED AGAINST THEIR PEOPLE, PRAY- CHILDREN WERE RETURNED TO THE JEWISH ING THAT ONE DAY THEY WOULD SEE THEIR COMMUNITY AND FOUND NEW HOMES AND CHILDREN AGAIN. THE JEWISH SURVIVORS EDUCATED WITH THE FULL RICHNESS OF HAD LOST TOO MANY, A NATION BEREFT AND A JEWISH EDUCATION. AND EDUCATION IS ORPHANED, BEATEN AND HOMELESS, NOW THE KEY WORD TONIGHT. FACED LOSING… THEIR VERY CHILDREN. OUR GUEST SPEAKER AND OUR RABBI ISADORE GRUNFELD WAS PART OF HONOREES KNOW THE IMPORTANCE OF A DELEGATION SENT TO FIND AND RETURN EDUCATION, OF TEACHING THE LESSONS THESE CHILDREN TO THE JEWISH THE FUTURE GENERATION AND WE MUST COMMUNITY. LEARN FROM THE HORRORS OF THE WHEN VISITING ONE CONVENT HOLOCAUST. BIGOTRY, HATRED AND ORPHANAGE, HE AND THE OTHER DELEGATES PREJUDICE DO NOT BELONG IN ANY SO- WERE TOLD THAT NO JEWISH CHILDREN CIETY. LIVED IN THE ORPHANAGE. SENSING OTHER- OUR GUEST SPEAKER AND HONOREES WISE HE ASKED TO OBSERVE THE CHILDREN RECOGNIZE THAT TEACHING TOLERANCE AT LUNCH TIME. THE LARGE COMMUNAL AND LOVE FOR OTHERS IS THE GREATEST DINNING ROOM WAS FULL WITH CHILDREN. DEFENSE WE HAVE AGAINST DANGEROUS, THE NOISE OF FORKS CLINKING AND MISGUIDED INDIVIDUALS AND REGIMES CHILDREN’S CHATTER FILLED THE AIR. THAT SEEK TO CAUSE US HARM… STANDING TALL AT THE HEAD OF THE EDUCATION IN AN UNLIKELY GENERATION LARGE ROOM HE CRIED: “SHEMA YISROEL.” BLESSED WITH MATERIAL SUCCESS AND 100 CHILDREN WERE SILENCED, THE AIR RELATIVE PROSPERITY WE CAN OBSERVE A WAS STILL, NOT A SOUND BUT THE PIERCING NOTEWORTHY PHENOMENON. STAGGERING CRY OF SHEMA YISROEL FILLED THE ROOM. NUMBERS OF JEWS ARE REDISCOVERING A HANDFUL OF THE CHILDREN, INSTINC- THEIR JEWISH ROOTS AND HERITAGE. SOUL TIVELY COVERED THEIR EYES WITH THEIR SEARCHERS AND THE JUST PLAIN CURIOUS RIGHT HAND AND SANG TOGETHER WITH ARE FINDING REAL LIFE GUIDANCE, INSPI- THE RABBI HASHEM ELOKAINU HASHEM RATION AND MEANING FROM THE STUDY ECHOD, “HEAR O ISRAEL, THE L-RD OUR G-D OF TORAH THAT IS AS RELEVANT TODAY AS THE L-RD IS ONE”. THIS HAD NOT LEFT THEM IT WAS FOR THEIR ANCESTORS. EDUCATION. AND WITH UNFORGETTABLE MEMORIES OF TO STUDY AND EXPERIENCE JEWISH BEING SAFE AND LOVED IN THE WARM LIFE AND PRACTICE IT IN A POSITIVE WAY IS 15 EMBRACE OF THEIR MOTHER’S ARMS, BEING THE GREATEST WEAPON IN OUR ARSENAL IN SUNG THE SHEMA BEFORE GOING TO SLEEP; OUR FIGHT AGAINST ASSIMILATION. THIS IS CRIED OUT IN THEIR BROKEN, NEARLY WHAT TONIGHT IS ALL ABOUT. FORGOTTEN YIDDISH “MAMA MAMA!!” IN WITH THIS INTRODUCTION, ALLOW THE VAST MAJORITY OF CASES THE CRYING ME TO INTRODUCE TO YOU OUR GUEST BABES DID NOT SEE THEIR MAMAS AGAIN. SPEAKER FOR TONIGHT. A MAN WHO HAS THESE INDOMITABLE WORDS OF EXPERIENCED FIRST HAND WITH ALL THE SHEMA, HAVE ALWAYS BEEN THE IDENTI- AGONY AND ANGUISH, TRAUMA AND TRAVAIL FYING TRADEMARK OF THE JEW. THIS ONE- THE EVILS THAT ONE HUMAN BEING CAN LINER ENCAPSULATES THE ESSENCE OF A INFLICT ON ANOTHER. YET ALSO INTIMATELY WITNESSED THE GOODNESS OF MANKIND Many ask why didn’t the Jews run then? “None of us AND HIS LOVE FOR ANOTHER UNDER THE knew what was coming.” They thought these were DIREST OF CIRCUMSTANCES. HIS STORY I the same Germans of WWI. They would harass them, WILL LEAVE HIM TO TELL… THE YOUNGEST and give them trouble, and then they would go away. SURVIVOR ON SCHINDLER’S LIST…” “But in 25 years a nation of philosophers and professors LEON LEYSON looks like an everyday had turned into a nation of killers.” Eventually, grandfather, a quiet fellow, with gentle humor in his children were not allowed to go to school. It was fun eyes, until you look deep into his eyes, and it is all at first, but after a few days, it became very sad.” Step there. The following are excerpts from his story: by step, they took their spirit away. Yet the Jews were “Fifty years ago, you could not imagine such still hopeful, still not worried, only to watch as things an event in a venue like this. Things have changed. In got continually worst. Soon, the ghettos were formed WWII Oscar Schindler rescued more than 1,200 Jews, as they started to build walls in some areas in Krakow by outwitting the Nazis in his enamel goods factory. and still no one believed that Jews would be forced We must never forget those times, or his kindness. I there. But they were. Jews were jammed into small am not a scholar or a public speaker; I am here just apartments, with barely any food, sanitation, or care. sharing my experiences. I have lived here for over 40 Mr. Leyson spent two years there. He remembers years, and I taught in the Los Angeles Unified school always being hungry and frightened. There was district. My supervisor always kids me about how I a severe food shortage, and the Jews were treated survived the holocaust, only to end up in L.A. Unified as subhuman. “It was dangerous to walk down the for 39 years. I was 9 years old, and lived in eastern street. There was insanity, stress, fear, and hunger Poland, in the town of Narevka. It was a small town everywhere, all the time. Young German officers with water wells, horses and wagons, and the Jews did descended on the ghettos and on Poland within days small crafts like tailoring and shoe making. Of the to make their fortune and they confiscated all Jewish 2000 population, half were Jews. We lived in peace properties, their factories, etc. One officer was Oscar together. There was never any animosity.” Schindler. He was given the enameled kitchenware Later Leyson’s family moved to Krakow, and factory and began to operate. He also added a line to him it felt like Disneyland, the big city. It was an of bullets and ammunition to his factory, and he needed adventure, riding the big city bus and sitting in the craftsmen.” Schindler hired Leyson’s father, and he back with his buddies, causing trouble, until the Nazis was given permission to leave the ghetto to go to work invaded Poland. Immediately the anti Jewish campaign at the factory, and lucky him, he would smuggle in started. At first, his father was arrested and jailed 2 small pieces of food. Next, his brother was hired, and months for no reason. Then, someone ratted them out he too smuggled food, and his mother worked magic as Jews. His father spoke German and would stand with scraps for dinner, for the entire family! Actually, 16 up to them, but that made them furious. His brother some poor Jewish families were now even better off escaped Krakow and went back to their grandparents’ in the ghetto. Leon did anything for some food, he house in Narevka occupied now by the Russians. By would run errands for others for one buttered slice of then there were more and more restrictions being bread that he would bring to their apartment to share enforced like curfews, and being forced to ride the with the family, “and that one slice would be cut into back of the bus. “it is one thing to sit in the back of 6 pieces.” Leyson stares into space, his face draws in, the bus to have fun with friends, but it is a whole other he shakes his head and looks down for a long, eerie thing to be forced only into the back of the streetcar.” moment. It is not fun anymore, but degrading, and hateful. “Some Nazi troops had one job: to roam Later, Jews were banned from streetcars altogether. around Poland and Eastern Europe, gather, and murder Jews. They later got to Narevka, where his entire murdered Jews by the hundreds of thousands at a remaining family was murdered, to include his older time. But then it started to sink in.” Eventually the brother, grandparents, uncles, aunts, cousins, and ghetto was closed, and the last of the Jews, including some many friends. Leyson is silent again. of Schindler’s employees, were sent to the trains. As It was at that point that the Jews barely started depicted in the movie, Schindler went to the railroads to comprehend the true depth and scope of the Nazi to rescue his accountant ‘Stern’. When he got there, plan. They then realized that they were placed in he saw the 17-year-old son of one of his employees, ghettos not just for isolation, but because it made who was Leon Leyson’s older brother. Stern and gathering and murdering the Jews much more effi- Schindler begged the boy to come out of the train, but cient and faster. Then, the Nazis started building the he refused to leave his girlfriend alone on the train, camps. and so he went off to be unloaded half way and shot into a mass grave with his love. “These were people, with faces, somebody’s brother, sister, grandmother, someone’s child. I saw their faces; I remember their faces; I watched them go.” It is of pure miracle that Leyson himself survived. His own life was in danger more times than he can recount, and he lived out of pure luck. “As I said, they were closing the ghettos. The officers would just walk around and shoot people off their balconies. Those who were not murdered were moved, in groups. They would line up Jews in pre set groups, and kept separating Leyson from his family, but he kept trying, and finally slipped through the gates anyway. He succeeded in going to the Plushov camp with his family, but it turned out to be “the end of the world. It was a camp, with shootings daily, guard THE CAMPS: dogs, hard labor, famine, and worse.” Finally, Oskar When the Nazis invaded Eastern Europe, they Schindler arrived at Plushov, and bribed many SS found way more numbers of Jews than they had officers, again, and obtained permission to build a sub expected, and they had to think fast. The extermination camp closer to his factory, to make the daily trans- was taking much more resources than they cared to port of his workers cheaper and easier. Mr. Leyson, expend and was most inefficient and inconvenient, so his mother, and his father were on the list. A few 17 they built murder camps, “which is a much more days before the final transport to Schindler’s barracks, appropriate term than death camps, by the way, his name was crossed off the list. He knew what that because this was not ordinary death, it was murder.” meant. So on the day his family was moving to the Claims Leyson. At first they came to the Jews and new camp, he slipped out, as if invisible, to see his said: ‘anyone who wants to leave the congestion of mother off. He knew he would be left alone forever, the ghetto, can get on the trains, and they will be taken and that this was his only chance to survive. He found to the countryside, given jobs, fresh air, and food.’ himself nose to boot with a Huge Nazi officer, and by Some Jews, out of sheer desperation, bought into it. some stroke of magic, the officer allowed him back on “No one could believe, or accept the truth. At first the list. He went to work at Schindler’s factory and there was utter denial about news of camps that learned how to run the metal lathe, a heavy piece of machinery that shapes metal. He was too short for the here, I was playing with some coins. A woman sat machine and couldn’t reach the levers, so he had to next to me, and I didn’t speak a word of English, and stand on a box to do work, and that caught the eye of she pointed to the coins in my hand and said: ‘this is Oscar Schindler. Schindler would come down from a dime, and this is a nickel, and this is a penny.’ I his office and would visit with people every had not seen this much kindness in so long. It was a afternoon. He did not accept Nazi ideology, and there miracle what she did.” was something human in his eyes. Schindler struck a During the Korean War, much to his parents’ friendship with Leyson, and left word with the workers horror, he was drafted into the army. The family was that Leon was to get two rations everyday. “In today’s devastated. He went to Atlanta for basic training, and terms its no big deal, but in that context, where the once again, as he did during his childhood, he would norm was killing Jews, this was a massive act of sit in the back of the bus for their excursions into town. kindness. Schindler did these things all the time. One day, the driver stopped the bus and walked to the Throughout the Holocaust, Schindler was back and said to Leon, “son, you can’t sit in the back arrested several times, and was in danger all the time, of the bus, it is only for black people.” “This was but he always managed to get himself out of it. Over abominable, to me. It is one thing to want to sit in the and over, he would risk his life for his Jewish back of the bus, but to be forced into the back because workers. Repeatedly, some women were sent back to you are considered subhuman, I know how it felt, and the murder camps and ordered to the gas chamber, but it was unacceptable.” he would again bribe the officers and get the women Later, the army informed him that they needed back. The war wore on; the soups got thinner and the foreign language help form their draftees, and so they rations smaller as if that were even possible. It was shipped him out to Okinawa. Everyone complained, close to the end. He moved a large group of his except for him. He was happy in the army: 3 meals workers to Czechoslovakia, and still, he plowed on in a day, clothes, a nice bed, what more could you ask his new factory. for from life? Leyson later went on with school and At the end of the war, other factory owners studied his trade in industrial machinery, despite the sent off their workers to die at the camps, and they serious interruption in his education, and continued themselves ran off. Schindler was also ordered to on to teach at L.A. Unified for 39 years. He is now send his workers to the camps when all production married; he has two children, and three grandchildren. stopped. He listed some workers to go back, except “I have the most wonderful life, and I love living for a small group that included Leyson’s mother who here.” was allowed to stay. But then he changed the list and In tears, an entire room is at their feet, and added Leon Leyson, his brother and father back on a long ovation is paid to someone who deserved so the list, and later his sister was added to stay as well. much more. It is hard to imagine how much the world 18 They were all starved, sick, and exhausted. There was lost at the hands of the Nazis, and truly “too painful” no telling that they would make it on their own anyway. to imagine all that those countless many suffered. Six It looked pretty hopeless, regardless of whether they million worlds taken away... stayed or left. He left them in the factory and ran away. The Leyson family stayed in Poland and then escaped to a displaced person’s camp in Germany. They later found their relatives in the US, and made their way over here to Los Angeles. “This was the best thing that ever happened to me. On the train ride daughter-in-law, and four-year old grandson. The old man’s hands trembled, his eyesight was blurred, and his step faltered. The family ate together at the table. But the elderly grandfather’s shaky hands and failing sight made eating difficult. Peas rolled off his spoon onto the floor. When he grasped the glass, milk spilled on the Things I Have Learned Along The tablecloth. The son and daughter-in-law became irritated Way… with the mess. “We must do something about father,” “The Old Man And The said the son. “I’ve had enough of his spilled milk, noisy eating, and food on the floor.” Wooden Bowl” So the husband and wife set a small table in By: Vida Halavi the corner. There, Grandfather ate alone while the rest of the family enjoyed dinner. Since Grandfather had “Through a sweet broken a dish or two, his food was served in a wooden story a respected bowl! old man proved to When the family glanced in Grandfather’s direction, sometime he had a tear in his eye as he sat me that children alone. Still, the only words the couple had for him learn respect for were sharp admonitions when he dropped a fork or their elders, not spilled food. The four-year-old watched it all in thorough love and silence. kindness, but by One evening before supper, the father noticed watching how their his son playing with wood scraps on the floor. He parents treat asked the child sweetly, “What are you making?” Just their elders.” as sweetly, the boy responded, “Oh, I am making a little bowl for you and Mama to eat your food in when ecently at a dinner I grow up.” The four-year-old smiled and went back Rparty I sat next to to work, while the father stood speechless.” an older gentleman. Talk about intuitive; I am often amazed at This was a man who was well loved by his family. Not how intuitive children are. They follow your only was he respected by his own children, but by his example despite the words you use. They can look sons and daughters in law as well. During conversa- right through you. tion the topic of respecting and revering one’s parents Remember, it is never too late to start setting came up. a good example. Act from your heart and everything I told him that I thought the best way to teach will set itself right. love and respect to our children was by giving them So, my question to you is: Is anyone making unconditional love. I felt that if we should show you a wooden bowl? If so, what are you going to do kindness and generosity to our children, they would about it? in turn show the same kindness and generosity to us 19 as they became adults and we got older. His response surprised me. “My dear child, showing kindness to your children teaches them to be good people and good parents to their own children, but it doesn’t teach them respect for their parents. That, they will learn by watching the way you treat your parents. That’s what I mean when I say set a good example for them.” He continued by telling me the story of the old grandfather and the wooden bowl: “A frail old man went to live with his son, come out. Minors spoke of working up to 17 hours a day, not being paid all the overtime they had earned, and being expected to work with knives on the plant’s fast-paced processing lines with little or no safety training. One employee alleged that a supervisor on the floor of the plant kicked him, causing one of his knives to cut his elbow. In August, criminal charges were filed for child labor violations at the Postville plant. Agripro- Un-Kosher Practices cessors had placed minors in outlawed occupations, By a Glatt Kosher Meat exposing them to hazardous chemicals and forcing Producer them to work with equipment prohibited by Iowa’s By: Tannaz Sassooni* child labor laws, including knives, saws and meat grinders. Minors were also forced to work before 7 “Criminal charges have been filed against a.m. and after 7 p.m. in violation of Iowa’s child labor Agriprocessors, the largest producer of glatt laws. According to the official complaint, Agriprocessors kosher meat in the United States, for child labor managers “participated in efforts to conceal children violations, and the company’s ethical and when federal and state labor department officials environmental health conduct is under question.” inspected the plant.” A single child labor violation is a misdemeanor, and only holds a $600 fine, but each day that the violations went on is a single charge, adding fter six months of legal troubles and scrutiny for up to over 9300 criminal misdemeanor charges involv- ethical violations at their Postville, Iowa meat A ing 32 underage workers against Agriprocessors Inc., processing plant, Agriprocessors, Inc., the largest Aaron Rubashkin, and Sholom Rubashkin. producer of glatt kosher meat in the United States, has In October, Iowa’s labor board fined Agripro - filed for bankruptcy, bringing into question the future cessors $10 million for wage violations: between of the company. The company employed hundreds January 2006 and June 2008, the company had made of illegal immigrants, 32 underage workers – some 96,000 paycheck deductions for protective clothing as young as 13, and defaulted on a $35 million loan. and uniforms required by the company, had illegally Their beef slaughtering practices have also come into deducted “sales tax” from some workers’ salaries, and question as potentially inhumane. had failed to give final paychecks to 42 employees Agriprocessors is a family company, owned by Aaron Rubashkin, a Lubavitch Hasidic Jew from Brooklyn, since 1987, with his son Sholom as chief executive until recently. Their kosher meat is widely available throughout the country under the Aaron’s Best and Rubashkin’s brands, among others, with annual earnings of $300 million, and is the only company to export glatt kosher meat products to Israel. 20 The recent rash of events started in May, when a raid of the Postville plant found 389 illegal immigrants, most from Guatemala, working there. In the following weeks, most of these workers were given the serious charge of “aggravated identity theft”, imprisoned for 5 months, then deported, decimating the workforce at the plant. Initially, the management of Agriprocessors was not prosecuted. After the raid, former employees felt comfortable speaking freely about conditions at the plant, and anecdotal descriptions of working conditions began to arrested in the immigration raid, leaving them owing Though this latest wave of events is the largest blow to $264,000 in back wages. Agriprocessors, it’s not the first time the corporation’s It wasn’t until the end of October that federal ethics have been questioned. In 2004, People for the immigration agents arrested Sholom Rubashkin for Ethical Treatment of Animals denounced Agriproces- “abetting aggravated identity theft” because of his sors as inhumane after volunteers with the group took knowing involvement in the employment of hundreds video on the plant’s kill floor of workers tearing open of illegal immigrants at the Postville plant. Floor the slit made by the shochet, the ritual slaughterer, to supervisors from the plant told investigators that they pull out the trachea and esophagus, while the cow is had received a loan from Sholom to help illegal still thrashing about. The grisly video appeared to be

employees acquire fake documentation when they had in direct violation of the laws of kashrut, where the received word of the pending raid. Additionally, the shochet’s quick cut with a razor-sharp knife inspected complaint states that Human Resources managers at to confirm that there are no knicks in the blade -- Agriprocessors, under Rubashkin’s supervision, filled should cause instantaneous, painless death. However, out countless job applications with the new fake documents the Rubashkins claimed that these are unconscious, before the raid. Two Human Resources supervisors involuntary motions and the cows in fact feel noth- were arrested for harboring illegal immigrants in ing. The Orthodox Union, the largest kosher certifi- September. Rubashkin was released on $1 million cation organization in the United States, agreed that bail after a hearing. while gruesome, the killings were within the laws of In early November, the New York Times kashrut, but the videos were denounced by the United reported that Agriprocessors Inc. had defaulted on Kingdom’s shechita authorities, questioned by Israel’s 21 a $35 million loan with First Bank Business Capital chief rabbinate, and called an “atrocious abomination” of Missouri. The bank stated that Agriprocessors by Professor Temple Grandin, the United States’ foremost had drawn $1.4 million in payroll checks that they expert on humane slaughtering practices and couldn’t pay due to insufficient funds, and that they consultant to many kosher meat processors. owed nearly $200,000 to their electrical company. Though Agriprocessors made some improvements The plant risked losing electricity, which would cause since then, new video taken by PETA volunteers this millions of dollars in meat to spoil and millions of year show regular, non-shochet workers making hacking chickens to starve to death. On November 4, under cuts into the throat of still conscious cows with regular increasing financial pressure, Agriprocessors, Inc. knives. While the Department of Agriculture has said filed for bankruptcy. that these violations are not egregious, Dr. Grandin stated that the cuts would “definitely cause the secondary seal on kosher products, called Hekhsher animals pain.” Agriprocessors agreed to suspend the Tzedek, which would certify that workers at the second cut until kosher certifying authorities producing company are treated fairly, and that the approved it. company meets certain animal welfare standards. The The response from Jewish organizations to United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism and the Agriprocessors’ transgressions has been mixed. The Rabbinical Assembly, the international organization Orthodox Union, the largest kosher certification of Conservative Rabbis, support the Hekhsher Tzedek organization in the country, initially overlooked the seal. Many Orthodox groups, including the Orthodox corporation’s employment practices, but in September, Union, are opposed to the Hekhsher Tzedek seal. they threatened to suspend kosher supervision of their In the aftermath of the raid, arrests, and plants if they did not hire a new CEO. Losing OU subsequent bankruptcy, consumers face a shortage of certification could prove crippling to Agriprocessors: kosher meat in the market. Agriprocessors stopped no other certifier is as well known and trusted by kosher producing kosher beef at the Postville plant in October, consumers as the OU’s familiar U-within-a-circle and their plants in Gordon, Nebraska and South America seal. So, Aaron Rubashkin asked his son Sholom to are also down. Home cooks and kosher restaurants step down and named a new CEO, Bernard S. Feldman, are scrambling for access to the small available supply. and the OU did not suspend certification. Empire Kosher is exploring adding kosher beef to A delegation of Orthodox rabbis from the US their product line - they currently only sell poultry - and Canada inspected the plant in the months following but has not yet taken any action to this effect. the raids and stated that it was a wonderful place, with *Tannaz Sassooni is a freelance writer, currently working high-tech machinery. Meanwhile, Rabbi Morris J Allen on an Iranian Jewish cookbook. She is currently working as of Mendota Heights, Minnesota has proposed a a technical director at DreamWorks Animation

22 esteemed schools my classmates were accepted to. In one of my classes, the teacher went around the room and made us say the schools we were considering attending… Harvard, NYU, Columbia, Yale, UCLA, Duke, USC, Berkley, and then it was my turn; “Um, I think I’m going to SMC” I would sputter. The whole class, including the teacher, stared at me with a look of pity on their faces. This was the kind reaction I got from most people: “Oh, I’m Sorry”, or “You should UC Or SMC? not be going there” and “well, you can always transfer”. That Is The Question And then on May 16th, after a VERY long By: Delila Pouldar* wait, I finally received the most amazing news: my appeal at USC was successful. I was ecstatic, not only because I had gotten accepted, but I had done the so- “For you, the Iranian parent… I know SMC is called “impossible”. But there was a catch: I had gotten not the most impressive school to tell the people in for the spring semester. In other words, I still had in your “DOREH” that your child is going to, one semester at SMC. but SMC has great transfer rates to highly I started SMC this past August and for me it regarded universities and your son/ daughter has been a blessing in disguise. So, I have decided to will be much more acclimated to the college write this message, to the Persian parent or assimilated workload and stress levels when he or she Persian-American teen, that once you get passed the enters a university.” stigma that comes along with SMC, it is a wonderful rom my freshman year in high school I told Fmyself “I am not going to go to SMC (Santa Monica College).” I had heard so many negative things about the school and the stereotypes that are omnipresent even today that I totally rejected the idea of considering going there for college. But as the college admissions process, and the rejection that comes along with it, became a reality I started to look more and more into this so-called “school for rejects”. When the college decisions finally came during spring break, I was devastated and shocked; I was school. Yes, I said it, SMC is a great school. rejected from two out of the three schools I had applied Personally, SMC has been an excellent to. The only school I was accepted to was one that I transition from high school to college educationally had applied to as a safety net and did not really want and socially. In high school, there is much more to go to. After returning back to school the following emphasis on the student as an individual and each 23 week and speaking to my counselor, I decided to student’s questions are answered. College is in the appeal both rejections. Weeks passed and one afternoon opposite end of the spectrum, where in most classes I went online to check the success rate of appeals. I you are just a number and face in a crowd of 300- stared blankly at the screen; only 2% of appeals were 400 students. SMC fits somewhere in the middle; successful. Just after reading this statistic, I logged the classes, although larger than high school classes, onto the SMC website and dreadfully applied to Santa still accommodate each student’s needs. I have also Monica College. Within an hour, I was accepted, noticed that the teachers at community colleges are although I cannot say I was exactly thrilled to hear much more supportive than what I have heard of those about this acceptance. at large universities. In a large university, a student is of- The subsequent months were a disaster. I ten forced to turn to a TA (teacher’s assistant) for help, would go to school and have to hear about all the whom frequently is only a few years older than the this invaluable asset. Don’t get me wrong, if you student and isn’t capable of answering many of the can get into the College/ University of your choice questions. Yet, at SMC I am given direct feedback straight out of high school, Go for it! But if you see from superlative professors, some of whom also teach yourself stuck in a position in which the schools you at nearby universities like USC, UCLA and LMU. got accepted to were not the right fit for you, or you Socially, SMC provides a friendly atmosphere didn’t reach your full potential in high school, take and one can get involved in many clubs and activities SMC into consideration. on campus. With clubs like Chabad of SMC, Iranian If I, a recent college applicant, could give you Student Club, Student’s Veteran’s Association club two pieces of advice for the following months as you and even Table Tennis Club, it is easy to meet other fill out your applications and hear back from colleges students with the same interests as yourself. Although it would be this … First, keep all your options open. SMC does not have the Greek or dorm life, one can always Apply to all the colleges you can actually see yourself go to the parties at conveniently located nearby going to, regardless of their name and prestige; don’t universities. I also have met some incredible people just apply somewhere because your parents want you at SMC from different walks of life. There are many to. This is a big decision that is not only going to affect international students from Serbia, Sweden, London, you for the next four years but for the rest of your life. Iran, China, Korea, etc. that I have gotten to know and Secondly, NEVER EVER second guess yourself and it is interesting to hear their different perspectives on let someone else tell you “You can’t do it”. I know

24 certain issues. In addition, there are many 2nd time, this is cliché and you have probably heard it many middle-aged students and of course an ample amount times, but take it from me. Everyone told me: “Don’t of high school students as well. get your hopes up, and don’t appeal. No appeals go So for you, the Iranian parent… I know SMC through.” The website even cautioned that success- is not the most impressive school to tell the people in ful appeals were uncommon. But here I am, about to your “DOREH” that your child is going to, but SMC start USC in the spring, and it seems that everything has great transfer rates to highly regarded universities worked out for me in the end, SMC and all. and your son/ daughter will be much more acclimated to the college workload and stress levels when he or she enters a university. *Delila Pouldar, will be starting USC as a freshman in And for you, the son or daughter, don’t scorn Spring 2009 . It is the most amazing feeling being independent. It is your responsibility to take care of yourself, do your work, clean your living area, and maintain some sort of balance in your life. For me, it is absolutely gratifying to be able to create my own schedule and follow it. It makes me feel so accomplished. The down side to all of this is that my family, my home, and my old friends are not here with me. Most mornings I get up and all I want is to kiss my Confessions Of A little sister’s cheek. I just want to be back home in my own room with my family all around me. Video chatting College Student makes it even worse because, I know that even though By: Sabba Rahbar * my younger brother is there, I won’t be able to hug him and yell at him for getting taller than me. Going away to college is not something that “It is the most amazing feeling being a lot of children within the Iranian community do. independent. It is your responsibility to take Which is odd, since a lot of their parents left their family thousands of miles away in Iran and came to care of yourself, do your work, clean your living the United States to study; without even having a good area, and maintain some sort of balance in command of the language, or being familiar with the your life. The down side to all of this is that, culture. My parents always make the argument that my family, my home, and my old friends are this is the precise reason why they do not want their not here with me.” children to leave, because they know how hard it is. In my opinion that hardship has made them the “Good morning Maman!” successful, strong individuals they are today. When- “Hi Sabba.” ever I talk to my extended family about it they are “So what are you doing today?” shocked that my parents have allowed me to do this. “Just running around, trying to finish Shofar, going to And I have to admit I am a little shocked too. The the doctor and taking the kids here and there.” only other person in my extended family, who left for “YAY!” college, was my uncle. He went to Yale! For some “You” reason, it made sense for people when he left, more “I have class, then I need to sleep.” than when I wanted to leave. “Ok babe. Don’t forget to send me your article for this For me, leaving home has made me realize issue. Talk to you later. Love you.” just how much my family means to me. When you “No, no, I will have it to you by the deadline! Love are a teen, the last thing you want is for your parents you too.” to control your life. I have to admit that I was often “Bye.” irritated by my parents and did not understand why “Bye.” they would not let me do the things I wanted to. But I hang up. It’s 10:55 AM on a Monday morning being away from them, I realize they did a lot of the and I’m leaving class. And my mother is about 400 things they did because they wanted me to be safe and miles away. happy. I appreciate them so much more now and just 25 I always knew I wanted to go away to college. At age want them to know that although I am far away, I am ten I was set on going to drama school in New York. always thinking about them. However, I never stopped to think about the fact that College is scary. Being away from your family going away to college meant leaving my family and is scarier, and living on your own is terrifying. Yet, I home. know that once it is over I will feel better about myself, Last spring when my dad and I visited UC and I will know my way around the “real world.” Davis, I knew it was the school for me. My parents tried to convince me to stay in Los Angeles, telling me * Sabba Rahbar is a freshman currently studying Dramatic they would miss me too much and that they needed Arts & Film Studies at University of California Davis. me here, but I left anyway. I look at my going to Davis as the best and the worst thing I have ever done. The friends you make in law school can last you a lifetime.

2.Struggle, Reinforce, and Conquer

For this tip, I thank my chemistry professor, who constantly reminded her class that the key to learning is “struggling with the acquisition of knowledge.” An important caveat to her rule, however, was Five Tips For that the “struggle” should commence a week before lecture. Admittedly, following this rule requires an Law School enormous amount of self-discipline and focus. For BY: Farbod Tojarieh *

“As you can imagine, law school is not easy; however, with a positive outlook and motivation, law school can be one of the best educational— and social—experiences of your life.”

llow me to preface this article by challenging a Acommon misperception about law school. Law school is fun. While you will work hard; you will learn practical knowledge, and continuously test the boundaries of your intellect, all in an environment full of countless engaged, like-minded students, and profound faculty. that reason, I would be anything but truthful if I As you can imagine, law school is not easy; contended that I practice everything I preach. however, with a positive outlook and motivation, law However, in the few classes that I have fol - school can be one of the best educational—and social— lowed my professor’s rule, the results have been out- experiences of your life. With that said, there are a standing. The reason is simple: once you have un- few important tips you should follow to make your derstood the material on your own, your professor’s first year in law school as enjoyable and successful as lecture will serve to reinforce the material, allowing possible. you to master the information and ultimately conquer your exam. 1.So How About Them Lakers? 3.Use Casebook Alternatives Start making friends early. After the first two 26 weeks of school, the social awkwardness barrier If you’re having difficulty understanding a particular area thickens and small talk usually isn’t enough to of law, professor-specific outlines drafted by prior penetrate it. Keep in mind that everyone is in the same students and commercial supplements may prove position as you are: they know only a few people, if helpful. My two favorite commercial supplement any. Also, while you will not have everything in brands are the Examples & Explanations series, common with your schoolmates, you will likely find published by Aspen, ® and the Questions & Answers that most of them are hyper socialites, waiting to series, published by Lexis Nexis. ® The former does entertain and be entertained. a great job of explaining the law in short, organized Therefore, take advantage of the events held sections that are followed by examples to help you by your student government and section representatives understand the boundaries and ill-defined areas of the and don’t let your studies extinguish your social life. law. The Questions & Answers series, on the other hand, are packed with hundreds of multiple choice ting an arduous assignment. But, unlike membership in and essay questions, allowing you to drill particular student organizations, membership in law review or legal concepts. moot court will substantially improve your résumé. Professor-specific outlines drafted by prior students No matter how you approach law school, stay are also a great resource, provided they contain positive. In the midst of intense studying and back-to- information that is accurate and thorough. One great back classes, it is easy to forget how privileged you place to find them is on outlinedepot.com, which has truly are. Earning a prestigious legal education is an a vast collection of law school outlines available for a honor that few are ever able to experience. Embrace nominal fee. Further, if you are a member of a student your fortune, work hard, and materialize your life organization, you may be able to obtain free outlines goals. from the organization’s outline bank. Finally, upper- classmen and alumni may be able to send you their old outlines—many are willing and eager to help since they, too, were once first-year law students.

4.Practice Makes Perfect

Once you have mastered the substantive material, practice applying it to a given set of facts. If your exam is going to be in essay form, consider asking your professor if she distributes essay questions from previous years. If so, take the exam under normal test-taking conditions, and have her later review your practice exam once you are done. If your exam will be in multiple choice format, you will probably have to rely on the Questions & Answers series since professors hardly release their multiple choice questions from previous years given the difficulty involved in creating them. Complete as many multiple choice problems as possible, leaving room for time to understand your mistakes.

5.Go The Extracurricular Mile

While there are countless extracurricular activities available to law students, three are most common: student organizations, law review, and moot court. Attending student organization events can be an easy, fun way to get involved with your student body. 27 Membership is usually not required, but suggested to keep you updated on future events. Examples of common student organizations are Jewish Law Students Association, Women’s Law Association, and Public Interest Law Foundation. Law review and moot court, on the other hand, consume a lot of time and have a highly selective membership process. Both usually require interested students to *Farbod Tojarieh is a third-year law student at Loyola Law participate in a competition that takes place a few days School in Los Angeles. He may be reached via e-mail at after the last day of your first year and entails submit- [email protected]. Mediterranean, North Africa, and the Middle East, there is another set of traditional Hanukkah foods? From Italian fritelle di chanuka, diamond-shaped fritters flavored with anise seeds and raisins, to Moroccan sfenj, orange doughnut rings, the Sephardic world celebrates Hanukkah by eating foods fried in oil. The Judeo-Spanish Hanukkah fritters, bimuelos, are sprinkled with cinnamon and sugar, and Greek Jews eat loukoumades, fried puffs with an olive-oil- Watch Out Latkes, based dough. (It’s interesting to note that the word loukoumas, the singular form of loukoumades, comes Here Comes Zoulbia from the Arabic word loqma, meaning morsel or bite, By: Tannaz Sassooni* which we also have in Persian. These Greek sweets are nothing more than a loqma of sweet fried dough!) “No Jewish holiday would be complete with- And in Egypt, the fritter of choice is zalabia, purchased out traditional food. Here in the States, we’re from street vendors and eaten hot out of hand. most familiar with latkes -- golden Ashkenazi potato pancakes often served with applesauce Iran doesn’t have a strong food tradition or sour cream. In modern Israel, around associated with Hanukkah. Historically, it’s been a Hanukkah, bakeries fill with sufganiyot -- minor holiday, noted only with the nightly lighting spongy doughnuts filled with fruit jelly. This of the hanukkiah, the Hanukkah menorah. After all, doesn’t mean we, as Iranian Jews can’t make it’s only here in the United States that Jewish parents, our own contribution to the Hanukkah table.” anxious to offer their kids an alternative to the massive Christmas celebration, have made Hanukkah such a significant event in the Jewish calendar. housands of years ago, facing religious persecution, Ta small and scrappy band of Jewish resistance This doesn’t mean we, as Iranian Jews can’t fighters, led by the Maccabee brothers, secured make our own contribution to the Hanukkah table. religious freedom for the Jews, after years of fighting. We have a fine oil-fried contender: “ zoulbia” that fits After the victory, they focused on rebuilding the in perfectly on the Sephardic fritter map. These crisp Temple, the heart of the ancient Jewish community. drizzles of fried batter, soaked in syrup, perfumed They had only enough oil to light the Temple’s eternal with cardamom and rosewater, are a delicious way to flame for one night, but it would take eight days to introduce Iranian-American children to the flavors of make more oil. Miraculously, that small bit of oil the Persian dessert palate, all the while celebrating the lasted eight days, and the flame did not go out. ancient miracle of the oil. Easy recipe for Zoulbia Each year, Jews celebrate this victory, and the miracle of the oil, in the eight-day festival of Hanukkah. This is a yeast-based batter; so allow time for 28 We spin dreidels and light candles, starting with one it to rise. If you are working with children, take great on the first night, and adding one candle for the next care in the frying step, as the hot oil may spatter. You eight nights, strengthening the light every night. No can buy plastic squeeze bottles from restaurant supply Jewish holiday would be complete without traditional stores, or even from stores like Target, but in a pinch, food. Here in the States, we’re most familiar with an empty plastic shampoo, dish soap, or ketchup bottle latkes -- golden Ashkenazi potato pancakes often with a narrow opening, thoroughly cleaned, works served with applesauce or sour cream. In modern Israel, fine. Leave out the yogurt for a parve version of this around Hanukkah, bakeries fill with sufganiyot -- dessert. spongy doughnuts filled with fruit jelly.

But did you know that throughout the Batter: until sugar is completely dissolved. Remove from heat and stir in rosewater. 1 cup flour 1 cup water Fill a large pan with a 1-inch layer of oil. Heat over 1 Tbs baking powder medium-high heat until a drop of water dropped into 2 Tbs yogurt (optional) the oil sizzles. Fill squeeze bottle with batter. Squeeze 1 package yeast out batter into hot oil, creating spirals and free-form designs, but maintaining a generally circular shape. Syrup: The end result should be lacy and not too heavy, so try 1 cup water to squeeze out enough batter to maintain the zoulbia’s 2 cup sugar structure, but not too much to make a solid mass. Fry 1 Tbs honey for a few minutes, flipping or submerging to fry both dash cardamom sides, until golden brown. Using tongs or two forks 1/4 C rosewater carefully remove zoulbia from pan and shake off excess oil. Drop gently into syrup, leave for a few Vegetable, corn, or canola oil to fry seconds, and remove. Cool in a single layer.

Mix together batter ingredients, let sit for 1 hour. Tannaz Sassooni is a freelance writer, currently working on an Iranian Jewish cookbook. She works as a technical To make syrup, combine the first four ingredients in a director at DreamWorks Animation. small saucepan over medium heat, stirring occasionally,

29 year old to the picture and this might potentially create a challenging recipe for utter disaster. We fought time, we fought each other, we fought the San Fernando Valley heat, and we fought my faulty sense of direction – but we made it never- theless. As we marched in orderly fashion into the mall that housed the theater, I remember sensing a faint glimmer of hope that this day might actually be a success. I strategically ordered lunch for all 5 of them (from 3 different spots in the food court, of course) “Everybody Goes to and I commanded each one to carry 1 thing. We made it into our seats and everyone, except me, ate a bit of the Movies” something. I personally was content with just a few Farnaz Solomon* sips of Amanda’s Coke and the protruding smell of popcorn that filled the theater. “Its coming Mommy. Pee-Pee. Pee-Pee. There About half way into the movie, my little 4 was no time to carry him down the 20 flights yearsold was completely and absolutely done. of stairs. I technically couldn’t even leave the The past/present/future theme was just too confusing,borderline boring. The 3D glasses were other 4 of them and I sure couldn’t take all of 7 sizes too big for him and he was tired. But I, the them to the bathroom. I had to think fast.”

30 expert mother of 4, had even prepared for that; I had t was halfway into a 2 week long, treacherous brought along his “blanky.” I placed it on him and I Passover break and all of my resources had he gently dozed off, falling fast asleep in my lap. I reached their absolute and final state of depletion. could just see the flags of victory waving at me from By now, it was payback time for all the play dates every angle of the dark theater and it all seemed just my children had attended last week. My children, perfect. Amanda and Daniel were sick of hearing their friends …Just perfect until I felt a warm stream of water soil talk about the “Meet the Robinsons in 3D” movie and my jeans. I knew without a doubt that I wasn’t pregnant firmly demanded that their own mother take them and anymore, which immediately crossed out any possibility their friends to see this fine Disney production. There of my water breaking. I also knew that I was not was no escape and I had to accept. After all, taking 4 suffering from any bladder inconsistency issues just kids to the movies doesn’t sound that bad. And after yet. So, if the wet warm stream wasn’t coming from all, everybody goes to the movies. Now add my 4 me, it must have been coming from the 4 year old sleeping in my arms. The second I realized that the undeniable identity of the warm stream was actually the 4 year-old’s urine, I moved him just a bit to somehow stop him. He awakened in a foggy daze and insisted that his pee was spilling right now. “Its coming Mommy. Pee-Pee. Pee-Pee.” Writers & Reporters There was no time to carry him down the 20 flights of stairs. I technically couldn’t even leave the other 4 of Wanted them and I sure couldn’t take all of them to the bathroom. I had to think fast. The 4 year old was getting louder by the mili-second –“its coming, its spilling.” The poor boy was trying real hard to hold it but time Shofar Magazine is was running out. I looked around me for any kind of solution whatsoever – not knowing what I was even looking for. In my frantic search, I found glowing in looking for energetic the dark right next to my hand, Amanda’s beautiful red ¾ full cup of Coke. Without wasting another enthusiastic individuals second, I pulled off the lid and drank like a 22-year- old girl in Hawaii on Spring Break at some bar drinking who would be interested contest. The only objective now was to rapidly create liquid space for my desperate son’s pee-pee. “Why in submitting feature are you drinking it all mommy. Leave some for me. I told you to get your own.” Amanda really loves Coke and she couldn’t bear to see me finish her drink. articles, short stories and But I couldn’t hear her right now. As I drank in a suffocating haste I pulled down his soiled jeans and attending different social finally placed the now 3/4 empty cup of theater coke under my 4 year old’s tiny penis. “It’s OK mommy,” events within the I whispered softly clenching the cup to his thin legs. “ You can go pee-pee now, everything is fine, don’t worry, mommy is here.” community and reporting At this point, the 4 year old finally let go and pee’d his way to calmness in that fine cup of them for publication. coca-cola. It was just enough to fill the cup and not spill over and it was towards the end of the movie. I A press pass will be took off his soiled pants and underwear and wrapped my jean jacket around his bottom. On the drive back, issued to those who the kids were tired and calm and I philosophically reflected upon the afternoon’s events. I could only think of all the solutions, big and small, that all the qualify. 31 mothers in history have come up with before me and will come up with after me. And I could only think, For more information after all that, how necessity is truly the mother of all invention. please contact:

*Farnaz Solomon is a lawyer by profession and a wife and [email protected] mother of four by choice, living in Los Angeles with her husband and children. secret. She cannot explain to anyone her relationship with an older man who travels through time to be with her. Henry helps her through out her younger years and especially during her adolescence. Even though they never become romantically involved, Clare has no interest in the boys living in her present time, while growing up which makes it socially difficult for her. Clare meets Henry in real time when she is 20 and he is 28, and she is already in love with him, even though Book Review he has no idea who she is. The story is told in first person by both Henry “The Time Traveler’s Wife” and Clare. Each chapter begins with the date and an Written By: Audrey Niffenegger age for Clare, and sometimes multiple ages for Henry, Reviewed By: Shirin Gabay when more than one version of him is present. Clare’s story is in a constant time line, from childhood to enry and Clare’s adolescence and then adulthood, with Henry time Hunconventional, yet traveling in and out of her life. Later in life Henry endearing love story is the learns the cause of his spontaneous travel through core of Audrey Niffeneg- time. He learns that he cannot fly on a plane, because ger’s debut novel” The it won’t be in the same place when he returns, and he Time Traveler’s Wife”. can never drive, because it would be disastrous if he Henry DeTamble is disappeared while behind the wheel. a reluctant time traveler Henry and Clare’s love stands the test of time who travels through time in more than one incident. Clare first meets Henry by no choice of his own: when he is 38, and falls in love with the mature version he simply disappears from of her future husband. Eventually when they meet in the present time, leaving real time, Clare constantly compares the young reck- behind his clothes and less Henry to the older, more mature and much wiser possessions, and travels Henry she remembers from her childhood. She copes either to the future or the with her husband’s disappearances, and nurses his past arriving with no clothes and no knowledge of his wounds when he returns to their present time. Their whereabouts. Henry often commits petty theft to feed devotion to one another is exemplary. Love conquers and clothe himself while traveling. He frequently has all no matter how difficult the relationship may be. to defend himself and be prepared to run from people A recurring theme in the book is destiny. Henry travels he encounters such as the Police. After some time, through time and often knows the future, but he is not which could be from a few minuets to several hours, able to alter the events. Henry‘s mother dies in a car Henry returns to present time bringing with him only accident when he is 6 years old. He travels through the bodily injuries he’s suffered. Sometimes he time to the moments before and after the accident, travels back in time and visits the younger versions of but does not have the power to change this most himself, or revisits his parents in happier times, but significant life event, the loss of his mother. In Clare’s 32 most of all he travels to the Meadow behind Clare’s younger years, Henry knows much about her future, house where the young Clare first meets Henry and but declines to tell her, because he knows she could eventually falls in love with him. not do anything to change the future or to stop it from Clare first meets Henry when she is 6 and he happening. is 38, they are already married to each other in the fu- “The Time Traveler’s Wife”, is an unconven- ture, from which he is traveling. Since he is older, he tional love story about two people destined to be knows the dates of his future visits and provides Clare together. The hurdles placed in their path can only be with a list of dates and times, which he will conquered by their love and devotion to one another. appear in the meadow. Clare keeps a box hidden in As you share the love between Henry and Clare, you the meadow with some clothes and food for Henry, will laugh, cry and be at the edge of your seat while and later prepares a room in the basement of her Henry travels through time. A wonderful adventure, house for his longer visits. Henry becomes her big which I hope, you will enjoy as much as I have.

Iranian American PRESORT NON PROFIT Jewish Federation, US POSTAGE 1317 N. Crescent Heights Blvd. PAID West Hollywood, CA 90046 PERMIT # 1522 Adress Correction Requested LOS ANGELES, CA