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Theropod Composition of Early Late Cretaceous Faunas from Central
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Repository of the Academy's Library 1 Feeding related characters in basal pterosaurs: implications for jaw mechanism, dental function and diet RH: Feeding related characters in pterosaurs Attila Ősi A comparative study of various feeding related features in basal pterosaurs reveals a significant change in feeding strategies during the early evolutionary history of the group. These features are related to the skull architecture (e.g. quadrate morphology and orientation, jaw joint), dentition (e.g. crown morphology, wear patterns), reconstructed adductor musculature, and postcranium. The most basal pterosaurs (Preondactylus, dimorphodontids and anurognathids) were small bodied animals with a wing span no greater than 1.5 m, a relatively short, lightly constructed skull, straight mandibles with a large gape, sharply pointed teeth and well developed external adductors. The absence of extended tooth wear excludes complex oral food processing and indicates that jaw closure was simply orthal. Features of these basalmost forms indicate a predominantly insectivorous diet. Among stratigraphically older but more derived forms (Eudimorphodon, Carniadactylus, Caviramus) complex, multicusped teeth allowed the consumption of a wider variety of prey via a more effective form of food processing. This is supported by heavy dental wear in all forms with multicusped teeth. Typical piscivorous forms occurred no earlier than the Early Jurassic, and are characterized by widely spaced, enlarged procumbent teeth forming a fish grab and an anteriorly inclined quadrate that permitted only a relatively small gape. In addition, the skull became more elongate and body size 2 increased. Besides the dominance of piscivory, dental morphology and the scarcity of tooth wear reflect accidental dental occlusion that could have been caused by the capturing or seasonal consumption of harder food items. -
Tylosaurine Mosasaurs (Squamata) from the Late Cretaceous of Northern Germany
Netherlands Journal of Geosciences —– Geologie en Mijnbouw | 94 – 1 | 55-71 | 2015 doi: 10.1017/njg.2014.31 Tylosaurine mosasaurs (Squamata) from the Late Cretaceous of northern Germany J.J. Hornung1,2,* &M.Reich3,4 1 Georg-August University Gottingen,¨ Geoscience Centre, Department of Geobiology, Goldschmidt-Straße 3, 37077 Gottingen,¨ Germany 2 Current address: Fuhlsbuttler¨ Str. 611, 22337 Hamburg, Germany 3 SNSB - Bavarian State Collection for Palaeontology and Geology, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333 Munich, Germany 4 Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munchen,¨ Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333 Munich, Germany * Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] Manuscript received: 27 April 2014, accepted: 18 September 2014 Abstract Two genera of tylosaurine mosasaurs, Tylosaurus and Hainosaurus, are recorded for the first time from Germany. Tylosaurus sp. is represented by two isolated tooth crowns, originally described as Mosasaurus? alseni (here considered a nomen dubium) from the latest Santonian–Early Campanian, which are very similar to T. ivoensis and T. gaudryi.ThematerialofHainosaurus sp. comprises a maxillary with associated postorbitofrontal, two pterygoid teeth and several indeterminate cranial fragments. The specimen from the Late Campanian is slightly less derived than H. bernardi from the Maastrichtian in retaining labiolingually less compressed anterior maxillary teeth and unserrated pterygoid teeth with only very weak carinae. Despite only minor skeletal differences, the genus Hainosaurus is considered to be distinct from Tylosaurus because of its significant modification of the dental apparatus compared to the plesiomorphic condition in the latter. This dental morphology suggests a phylogenetic trend from a generalised-piercing marginal dentition in Tylosaurus towards the increasingly labiolingually compressed, symmetrical, strongly bicarinate cutting marginal teeth in Hainosaurus spp. -
Analyzing Pterosaur Ontogeny and Sexual Dimorphism with Multivariate Allometry Erick Charles Anderson [email protected]
Marshall University Marshall Digital Scholar Theses, Dissertations and Capstones 2016 Analyzing Pterosaur Ontogeny and Sexual Dimorphism with Multivariate Allometry Erick Charles Anderson [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://mds.marshall.edu/etd Part of the Animal Sciences Commons, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, and the Paleontology Commons Recommended Citation Anderson, Erick Charles, "Analyzing Pterosaur Ontogeny and Sexual Dimorphism with Multivariate Allometry" (2016). Theses, Dissertations and Capstones. 1031. http://mds.marshall.edu/etd/1031 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Marshall Digital Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses, Dissertations and Capstones by an authorized administrator of Marshall Digital Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. ANALYZING PTEROSAUR ONTOGENY AND SEXUAL DIMORPHISM WITH MULTIVARIATE ALLOMETRY A thesis submitted to the Graduate College of Marshall University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Biological Sciences by Erick Charles Anderson Approved by Dr. Frank R. O’Keefe, Committee Chairperson Dr. Suzanne Strait Dr. Andy Grass Marshall University May 2016 i ii ii Erick Charles Anderson ALL RIGHTS RESERVED iii Acknowledgments I would like to thank Dr. F. Robin O’Keefe for his guidance and advice during my three years at Marshall University. His past research and experience with reptile evolution made this research possible. I would also like to thank Dr. Andy Grass for his advice during the course of the research. I would like to thank my fellow graduate students Donald Morgan and Tiffany Aeling for their support, encouragement, and advice in the lab and bar during our two years working together. -
Geological Survey
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ISTo. 162 WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1899 UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SUEVEY CHAKLES D. WALCOTT, DIRECTOR Olf NORTH AMERICAN GEOLOGY, PALEONTOLOGY, PETROLOGY, AND MINERALOGY FOR THE YEAR 1898 BY FRED BOUG-HTOISr WEEKS WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1899 CONTENTS, Page. Letter of transmittal.......................................... ........... 7 Introduction................................................................ 9 List of publications examined............................................... 11 Bibliography............................................................... 15 Classified key to the index .................................................. 107 Indiex....................................................................... 113 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. Washington, D. C., June 30,1899. SIR: I have the honor to transmit herewith the manuscript of a Bibliography and Index o'f North American Geology, Paleontology, Petrology, and Mineralogy for the Year 1898, and to request that it be published as a bulletin of the Survey. Very respectfully, F. B. WEEKS. Hon. CHARLES D. WALCOTT, Director United States Geological Survey. 1 I .... v : BIBLIOGRAPHY AND INDEX OF NORTH AMERICAN GEOLOGY, PALEONTOLOGY, PETROLOGY, AND MINERALOGY FOR THE YEAR 1898. ' By FEED BOUGHTON WEEKS. INTRODUCTION. The method of preparing and arranging the material of the Bibli ography and Index for 1898 is similar to that adopted for the previous publications 011 this subject (Bulletins Nos. 130,135,146,149, and 156). Several papers that should have been entered in the previous bulletins are here recorded, and the date of publication is given with each entry. Bibliography. The bibliography consists of full titles of separate papers, classified by authors, an abbreviated reference to the publica tion in which the paper is printed, and a brief summary of the con tents, each paper being numbered for index reference. -
In Gear Week 39 4 May 2020.Pub
Serving the Community since 1985 In Gear 2018—2019 ROTARY CLUB OF BEAUMARIS WEEKLY BULLETIN Number 39 4 May 2020 Presidents Message Next Meetings Well we soldier on in lock down and bleak winter weather which in some ways makes being confined to barracks a little THURSDAY 7 MAY 5:50 FOR 6:00 PM more normal. The Club keeps going on email and ZOOM. But, ROTARY MEETING VIA ZOOM - I have to say, not on the Club Blog which is disappointing. It SPEAKER ELLE GILES could be a lively place for an exchange of views, ideas and RED CROSS BLOOD BANK laughs if only a wider number of members had a go. We had two distinguished guest speakers at our last two THURSDAY 14 MAY 5:50 FOR 6:00 PM ZOOM meetings, Mark Brayshaw, CEO of the AFL Coaches ROTARY MEETING VIA ZOOM - Association, and Peter Hitchener from Channel 9 News (See STRATEGY MEETING reports within). I was inspired by Peter to watch The 9 News the other night and I found he was right when he said it gave THURSDAY 21 MAY us plenty of Melbourne news in contrast to the ABC which 5:50 FOR 6:00 PM ROTARY MEETING VIA ZOOM - seems to be very Sydney dominated. What a great program ROTARY FELLOWSHIP NIGHT - Gail Anderson is delivering to the Club! MUSICAL QUIZ/JACKET DONATION PE Adrian is hard at work setting up his team for the next Ro- tary Year and putting in place a Strategic Plan to guide us into the next 5 years. -
The Tylosaurine Mosasaurs (Reptilia, Mosasauridae) from the Upper Cretaceous of Europe and Africa
BULLETIN DE L'INSTITUT ROYAL DES SCIENCES NATURELLES DE BELGIQUE, SCIENCES DE LA TERRE, 62: 171-194, 1992 BULLETIN VAN H ET KONINKLIJK BELGISCH INSTITUT VOOR NATUURWETENSCH APPEN, AARDWETENSCHAPPEN, 62: 171-194, 1992 The Tylosaurine Mosasaurs (Reptilia, Mosasauridae) from the Upper Cretaceous of Europe and Africa by THEAGARTEN LINGHAM-SOLIAR Abstract La biomécanique du crâne des tylosauriens est examinée principale• ment suite à l'hypothèse selon laquelle le grand rostre servait à atta• quer les proies (RUSSELL, 1967). Divers autres aspects du comporte• This study represents the first relatively extensive description of the ment prédateur des tylosauriens sont aussi mentionnés. PUUM Hainosaurus Dono, 1885. The description of H. bernardi DOLLO, 1885 is based on the holotype and on a previously undescri- Mots-clefs: Hainosaurus, Tylosaurus, Leiodon, prédation, plongée. bed specimen. A new specimen of H. gaudryi (THEVENIN, 1896) from France is also described. Mosasaurus iembeensis TELLES-ANTUNES, 1964, from the Turonian of Angola is reassigned to the genus Tylosau• rus MARSH, 1872. The only other tylosaurine species from Africa, T. Introduction capensis (BROOM, 1912) is also briefly described. The biomechanics of the skull of tylosaurines is examined primarily The gigantic tylosaurine Hainosaurus bernardi DOLLO, because of the hypothesis that the large rostrum was used in ramming 1885 was the first mosasaur to be discovered in Belgium. prey (RUSSELL, 1967). Various other aspects of tylosaurine predatory behaviour are also mentioned. Almost the entire skeleton was found intact, although considerably abraded, in the Ciply Phosphatic Chalk in Key-words: Hainosaurus, Tylosaurus, Leiodon, ramming, ambush- a region known as "La Malogne" (Fig.l). -
Postcranial Skeletal Pneumaticity and Air-Sacs in the Earliest Pterosaurs
Downloaded from rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org on 13 July 2009 Biol. Lett. (2009) 5, 557–560 Postcranial skeletal pneumatization has been used to doi:10.1098/rsbl.2009.0139 infer the presence of air-sacs and flow-through venti- Published online 1 May 2009 lation in several extinct Mesozoic bird-line (i.e. Palaeontology ornithodiran) archosaur groups, including non-avian saurischian dinosaurs (e.g. O’Connor & Claessens 2005; O’Connor 2006; Wedel 2007, 2009; Sereno Postcranial skeletal et al. 2008), and pterosaurs (Britt 1993; Bonde & Christiansen 2003; Claessens et al. 2009). pneumaticity and air-sacs The distribution of PSP within and among ptero- saur species has received relatively little study, though in the earliest pterosaurs some major features and trends have been established Richard J. Butler1,*, Paul M. Barrett1 recently (Claessens et al. 2009). Previous authors and David J. Gower2 have been unable to identify unambiguous evidence of PSP in stratigraphically early non-pterodactyloid 1Department of Palaeontology, and 2Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK pterosaurs, or ‘rhamphorhynchoids’, from the Late *Author and address for correspondence: Bayerische Staatssammlung fu¨r Triassic and earliest Jurassic (Britt 1993; Bonde & Pala¨ontologie und Geologie, Richard-Wagner-Straße 10, 80333 Munich, Christiansen 2003; Claessens et al. 2009, fig. 4). Germany ([email protected]). Here we provide new evidence of PSP in Late Patterns of postcranial skeletal pneumatization Triassic and earliest Jurassic pterosaurs, demonstrating (PSP) indicate that pterosaurs possessed that PSP and, by inference, air-sacs were probably components of a bird-like respiratory system, present in the common ancestor of nearly all known including a series of ventilatory air-sacs. -
A New Triassic Pterosaur from Switzerland (Central Austroalpine, Grisons), Raeticodactylus Filisurensis Gen
1661-8726/08/010185–17 Swiss J. Geosci. 101 (2008) 185–201 DOI 10.1007/s00015-008-1252-6 Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel, 2008 A new Triassic pterosaur from Switzerland (Central Austroalpine, Grisons), Raeticodactylus filisurensis gen. et sp. nov. RICO STECHER Key words: pterosaur, non-pterodactyloid, Upper Triassic, Ela nappe, Kössen Formation, Switzerland ABSTRACT ZUSAMMENFASSUNG A new basal non-pterodactyloid pterosaur, Raeticodactylus filisurensis gen. Beschrieben wird ein früher langschwänziger Pterosaurier Raeticodactylus et sp. nov., is reported. It has been discovered in shallow marine sediments filisurensis gen. et sp. nov. Entdeckt wurde dieser in den Flachwasserkarbo- from the Upper Triassic of the lowest Kössen beds (late Norian/early Rhae- natablagerungen aus der oberen Trias aus den untersten Kössener Schich- tian boundary) in the central Austroalpine of Canton Grisons (Switzerland). ten (Grenzbereich Norian/Rhaetian) des Zentralostalpins von Graubünden The disarticulated specimen is comprised of an almost complete skull and a (Schweiz). Der disartikulierte Fund enthält den beinahe kompletten Schädel partial postcranial skeleton. A high and thin bony, sagittal cranial crest char- und Teile des postcranialen Skelettes. Der Schädel trägt auf der Schnauzen- acterizes the anterodorsal region of the skull. The large mandible, with an ad- partie einen hohen und dünnen Knochenkamm. Im Zusammenhang mit dem ditional keel-like expansion at the front, partly matches the enlarged sagittal sagittalen Schädelkamm steht der hohe Unterkiefer mit einer im vorderen Un- cranial crest. A direct and close relationship to Austriadactylus cristatus, the terkieferbereich zusätzlich auftretenden kielartigen Erhöhung. Eine direkte only known Triassic pterosaur with a bony cranial crest so far, cannot be estab- und enge verwandtschaftliche Beziehung zu Austriadactylus cristatus, welcher lished. -
Evolution of the Pterosaur Pelvis Author(S): Elaine S
Evolution of the Pterosaur Pelvis Author(s): Elaine S. Hyder, Mark P. Witton and David M. Martill Source: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 59(1):109-124. Published By: Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.4202/app.2011.1109 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. Evolution of the pterosaur pelvis ELAINE S. HYDER, MARK P. WITTON, and DAVID M. MARTILL Hyder, E.S., Witton, M.P., and Martill, D.M. 2014. Evolution of the pterosaur pelvis. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 59 (1): 109–124. Pterosaur pelvic girdles are complex structures that offer a wealth of phylogenetic and biomechanical information, but have been largely overlooked by pterosaur anatomists. Here, we review pterosaur pelvic morphology and find significant differences that correlate well with pterosaur clades identified in some phylogenetic analyses. -
The Taxonomy and Systematics of Parapsicephalus Purdoni (Reptilia
The taxonomy and systematics of Parapsicephalus purdoni (Reptilia: Pterosauria) from the Lower Jurassic Whitby Mudstone Formation, Whitby, U.K. Michael O’Sullivan1 and David M. Martill2 1,2School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Burnaby Building, Burnaby Road, United Kingdom, PO1 3QL *Corresponding author: [email protected] Keywords: Pterosauria, Parapsicephalus, United Kingdom, taxonomy, Lower Jurassic, Toarcian. Abstract The Lower Jurassic (Toarcian) pterosaur Parapsicephalus purdoni (Newton, 1888) from the Whitby Mudstone Formation of North Yorkshire is known from a three-dimensionally preserved skull with brain cast. Since Newton’s original description, its taxonomic status has been contentious. Several cladistic studies have placed it within either Dimorphodontidae or Rhamphorhynchidae. Some investigators have suggested that it is a junior synonym of the Toarcian pterosaur Dorygnathus from the Posidonia Shale of south-western Germany. The holotype skull (GSM 3166) is redescribed and its taxonomic status re-evaluated. Several apomorphies place it suggest it belongs in the Rhamphorhynchidae while autapomorphies of the palate and jugal distinguish Parapsicephalus from Dorygnathus, supporting the continued separation of the two genera. 1. Introduction The Lower Jurassic marine strata of the United Kingdom yield a diverse assemblage of reptilian taxa (Owen, 1881), including ichthyosaurs, plesiosaurs, marine crocodiles and, more rarely, pterosaurs. While Lower Jurassic pterosaurs are best known from the Liassic strata of Dorset (Buckland, 1829; Benton and Spencer, 1995), one of the best preserved examples is a three-dimensional near-complete skull (GSM 3166, figs. 1, 2) from the Toarcian (~182 ma) Whitby Mudstone Formation of Loftus, Yorkshire. Identified as the holotype of Parapsicephalus purdoni by Newton, 1888, it is deposited in the British Geological Survey (BGS) at Keyworth, Nottinghamshire. -
A New High-Latitude Tylosaurus (Squamata, Mosasauridae) from Canada with Unique
A new high-latitude Tylosaurus (Squamata, Mosasauridae) from Canada with unique dentition A thesis submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Cincinnati in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the Department of Biological Sciences of the College of Arts and Sciences by Samuel T. Garvey B.S. University of Cincinnati B.S. Indiana University March 2020 Committee Chair: B. C. Jayne, Ph.D. ABSTRACT Mosasaurs were large aquatic lizards, typically 5 m or more in length, that lived during the Late Cretaceous (ca. 100–66 Ma). Of the six subfamilies and more than 70 species recognized today, most were hydropedal (flipper-bearing). Mosasaurs were cosmopolitan apex predators, and their remains occur on every continent, including Antarctica. In North America, mosasaurs flourished in the Western Interior Seaway, an inland sea that covered a large swath of the continent between the Gulf of Mexico and the Arctic Ocean during much of the Late Cretaceous. The challenges of paleontological fieldwork in high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere have biased mosasaur collections such that most mosasaur fossils are found within 0°–60°N paleolatitude, and in North America plioplatecarpine mosasaurs are the only mosasaurs yet confirmed to have existed in paleolatitudes higher than 60°N. However, this does not mean mosasaur fossils are necessarily lacking at such latitudes. Herein, I report on the northernmost occurrence of a tylosaurine mosasaur from near Grande Prairie in Alberta, Canada (ca. 86.6–79.6 Ma). Recovered from about 62°N paleolatitude, this material (TMP 2014.011.0001) is assignable to the subfamily Tylosaurinae by exhibiting a cylindrical rostrum, broadly parallel-sided premaxillo-maxillary sutures, and overall homodonty. -
DISSERTAÇÃO Renan A. M. Bantim.Pdf
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO CENTRO DE TECNOLOGIA E GEOCIÊNCIAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM GEOCIÊNCIAS Renan A. M. Bantim PREPARAÇÃO, DESCRIÇÃO DE UM NOVO CRÂNIO DE PTEROSSAURO (REPTILIA, ARCHOSAURIA) E CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE AMORFOLOGIA CRANIANA DOS ANHANGUERIDAE Dissertação de Mestrado 2013 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO - UFPE CENTRO DE TECNOLOGIA E GEOCIÊNCIAS - CTG DEPARTAMENTO DE GEOLOGIA - DEGEO PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM GEOCIÊNCIAS - PPGEOC DISSERTAÇÃO DE MESTRADO Preparação, descrição de um novo crânio de pterossauro (Reptilia, Archosauria) e considerações sobre a morfologia craniana dos Anhangueridae Renan Alfredo Machado Bantim Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Juliana Manso Sayão Recife/2013 Preparação, descrição de um novo crânio de pterossauro (Reptilia, Archosauria) e considerações sobre a morfologia craniana dos Anhangueridae Renan Alfredo Machado Bantim Dissertação apresentada ao programa de Pós-Graduação em Geociências da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, como parte dos requisitos necessários para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Geociências. Recife/2013 Catalogação na fonte Bibliotecária Margareth Malta, CRB-4 / 1198 B219p Bantim, Renan Alfredo Machado . Preparação, descrição de um novo crânio de pterossauro (Reptilia, Archosauria) e considerações sobre a morfologia craniana dos Anhangueridae / Renan Alfredo Machado Bantim. - Recife: O Autor, 2012. viii, 111 folhas, il., gráfs., tabs. Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Juliana Manso Sayão. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. CTG. Programa de Pós-Graduação