BIOSOLIDS and TREATED SEWAGE SLUDGE REFERENCES Moffat

BIOSOLIDS AND TREATED SEWAGE SLUDGE REFERENCES

Moffat, A.J. 2006. Use of sewage sludges and composts in Forestry. Forestry commission Information note, Edinburgh, Scotland

Environmental, economic and social impacts of the use of sewage sludge on land. Final Report. 2008. Part 1-3. European Commission. ec.europa.eu/environment/waste/sludge

Gilmour, J.T. 1999. Carbon and Nitrogen mineralization during co-utilization of biosolids and composts. p. 89-112. In S. Brown, J.S. Angle, and L. Jacobs (ed.) Beneficial co- utilization of agricultural, municipal and industrial by-products. Kluwer Academic. Dodrecht, Boston, London.

National manual of good practice for biosolids, 2006. National Biosolids Partnerships.

Horwath, W.R., and E.A. Paul. 1994. Microbial biomass. P.754-771. In R.W. Weaver, J.S. Angle, and P.S. Bottomley (ed.) Methods of soil analysis. Part 2. Microbiological and biochemical properties. SSSA Book Ser 5. SSSA, Madison, WI.

Alabaster and LeGrand. 2008. Global Atlas of Excreta, Wastewater Sludge, and Biosolids Management. www.unhabitat.org

Wagner, G.H., and D.C. Wolf. 1998. Carbon transformations and soil organic matter formation. p. 218-258. In D.M. Sylvia, J.J. Fuhrmann, P.G. Hartel, and D.A. Zuberer (ed.) Principles and applications of soil microbiology. Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.

Guidelines for the Application of Sewage Sludge to Industrial Crops, UK, 2001.

Code of Practice for Agricultural Use of Sewage Sludge, UK, 2004. www.water.org.uk

(Safe Sludge Matrix) Codes of Good Agricultural Practice for the Protection of Water, Air and Soil, UK , 2001. www.adas.co.uk/matrix

Zibilske, L.M. 1994. Carbon mineralization. p.835-863. In R.W. Weaver et al. (ed.) Methods of soil analysis. Part 2. Microbiological and biochemical properties. SSSA Book Ser 5. SSSA, Madison, WI.

Sede and Andersen. 2002. Disposal and recycling routes for sewage sludge. Part 1-4. European Commission. DG Environment .B/2 ec.europa.eu/.../sludge/pdf/sludge_disposal

Organic contaminants in sewage sludge for agricultural use. 2001. European Commission.

Targeted national sewage sludge survey. Sampling and analysis technical report. 2009. USA EPA.

Residuals Unit. Sampling and analysis work. Plan Guidance. 2005. Maine Department of Environmental Protection.

Chang, A.C et al. 2002. Developing human health-related chemical guidelines for reclaimed water and sewage sludge applications in agriculture. WHO.

Organic Materials Management, 2008 http://www.ciwmb.ca.gov/Organics/

Hogg, D., J. Barth, E. Favoino, M. Centemero, V. Caimi, F. Amlinger, W. Devliegher, W. Brinton., S.Antler. 2002. Comparison of compost standards within the EU, North America, and Australasia. Waste and Resources Action Programme Committee (UK) (wrap.or.uk)

Accelerating the Uptake of Anaerobic Digestion in England, March, 2010: an Implementation Plan, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Defra Publications, Admail 6000, London SW1A 2XX (www.defra.gov.uk)

Wastewater treatment and use in agriculture, M.B. Pescod, 1992, FAO

CIWEM. Wastewater Biosolids Treatment / Use Policy Position Statement. April 2010

Defra. Anaerobic Digestion - Shared Goals. February 2009

Guidelines for the Utilisation and Disposal of Wastewater Sludge, Volume 2: Requirements for the agricultural use of sludge and Volume 4: Requirements for the beneficial use of sludge at high loading rates, Water Research Commission, WRC Report No. TT 350/09, June 2009

National Research Council (NRC). (2002). Biosolids applied to land – Advancing standards and practices. The National Academic Press, Washington, DC. ISBN 0-309- 08486-5.

The application of HACCP procedures in the water industry: Biosolids treatment and use on agricultural land.A report prepared for Water UK by WRc WRc Swindon, Frankland Road, Blagrove, Swindon, Wiltshire, SN5 8YF. Water UK, 1 Queen Anne’s Gate, London, SW1H 9BT. WRc Ref: UC6332/3, March 2004.

Health effects of biosolids applied to land: Available scientific evidence, November 2007. Suzanne R. Jenkins, VMD, MPH, ACVPM, Veterinary Epidemiology Consultant Carl W. Armstrong, MD, Director, Office of Epidemiology and State Epidemiologist, Michele M. Monti, MS, MPH, Director, Division of Environmental Epidemiology

Biosolids plan 2012-2016 Department of natural resources and parks WWT division Biosolids management program Washington

Fertilizing with Biosolids. 2007, PNW 508-E A Pacific Northwest Extension publication Oregon State University • University of Idaho • Washington State University

Water UK, 1 Queen Anne’s Gate, London, SW1H 9BT www.water.org.uk: Recycling of biosolids to agricultural land, Queen Anne’s Gate, London, SW1H 9BT, www.water.org.uk, Issue number 3, January 2010

British Standards Institution. 2005. Specification for composted materials. British Standards Institution Publicly Available Specification 100: 2005, London

Landscape Institute. 2003. Compost specification for the landscape industry. www.l- i.org.uk/Publications/composting/20Specifications.pdf

HACCP: Water UK HACCP guide: http://www.water.org.uk/home/news/press- releases/use-of-tre-150404-1)

The Quality Protocol for the production and use of quality outputs from the anaerobic digestion of source-segregated biodegradable waste was published in 2009 (www.environment-agency. gov.uk/business/topics/waste/114395.aspx)

The Standard for Digestate BSI PAS 110 was published in 2010 by Renewable Energy Association (www.wrap.org.uk/composting/ bsi_ 110_.html)

The Quality Protocol. Compost-End of waste criteria for the production and use of quality compost from source-segregated biodegradable waste. August, 2012. WRAP. www.wrap.org.uk

Codex Alimentarius: Food Hygiene Basic Texts - Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme, Rome (1997)

GALE, P. et al (2003) Pathogens in biosolids – microbiological risk assessment. Report 03/SL/06/7 by WRc-NSF for UKWIR, Defra and the EA.

UKWIR Studies on pathogenic micro-organisms (2000-2), lead by the University of Leeds,including Methods of analysis (Report 00/SL/06/5) and Fate during sewage treatment (Report02/SL/06/6) for UKWIR, Defra and the EA

SMITH, S. R. (2000) Are controls on organic contaminants necessary to protect the 3

environment when sewage sludge is used in agriculture. Progress in Environmental Science,2,2, 129-146

NICHOLSON, F. A. et al (2003) Quantifying the inputs of heavy metals to agricultural soils in England and Wales. Proceedings of the 8th European Biosolids and Organic Residuals Conference, Wakefield November 24-26. Session 15, paper 52. Volume 2. ISBN 1 903958-08-03. Aqua Enviro Technology Transfer, Leeds.

Zerzghi, H., C.P. Gerba, and I.L. Pepper. 2010. Long-term Effects of Land Application of Class B Biosolids on Soil Chemical Properties. J. Res. Sci. Technol. 7:51-61.

Pepper, I.L., J.P. Brooks, R.G. Sinclair, P.L. Gurian, and C.P. Gerba. 2010. Pathogens and Indicators in United States Class B Biosolids: National and Historic Distributions. J. Environ. Qual. In Press.

Biosolids Applied to Land: Advancing the Standards (2002). The National Academy of Sciences. http://www.epa.gov/waterscience/biosolids/nas/complete.pdf

P M. Hébert. Public acceptance and independent certification of biosolids in Canada. Water Practice & Technology. IWA Publishing 2007..

SYPREA (2007). La certification de services. Syndicat des professionnels du recyclage enagriculture.http://www.syprea.org/virtuelle.php/page/certification_service_presentatio n (accessed 8 March 2007).

Rat, D. (2006). Le cadre français : gestion des boues en agriculture. Le point de vue du Ministère de l’agriculture et de la pêche. In : Quel devenir pour les boues de stations d’épuration urbaines, pp. 23-29. Paris, 10 et 11 mai 2006. ADEME.

WEF (2011) Charting the Future of Biosolids Management, Water Environment Federation – National Biosolids Partnership Report, May 19, 2011, Alexandria, VA.

WHO (2006) World Health Organization: Guidelines for the safe use of wastewater, excreta and greywater. Vol.4: Excreta and greywater use in agriculture, 2006.

Sede and Arthur Andersen (2001). Disposal and recycling routes for sewage sludge. Part 2 – Regulatory report. European Commission, DG Environment. Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/waste/sludge/pdf/sludge_disposal2.pdf

Shuval H.I., Adin A., Fattal B., Rawitz E., Yekutiel P.(1986). Wastewater irrigation in developing countries: health effects and technical solutions. World Bank, Technical Paper No.51, 1986.

Pillai, S.D., Meckes, M.C., Murthy, S.N., and Willis, J.(2011). Developing Better Indicators for Pathogen Presence in Sewage Sludges, Water Environment Research Foundation Report U1R08, 2011.

NEBRA (2007) A National Biosolids Regulation, Quality, End Use & Disposal Survey - FINAL REPORT, July 20, 2007 North East Biosolids and Residuals Association (NEBRA) P. O. Box 422, Tamworth, NH 03886 phone 603-323-7654, www.nebiosolids.org

Department of Environmental Protection Water and Rivers Comission (2002). Western Australian guidelines for direct land application of biosolids and biosolids products. (Australia).

European Commission (2010) Environmental, economic and social impacts of the use of sewage sludge on land Final Report, prepared by Milieu Ltd, WRc and RPA for the European Commission, DG Environment under Study Contract DGENV.G.4/ETU/2008/0076r.

Commission of the European Communities (2003) Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on spreading of sludge on land. Brussels, 30 April 2003.

Beecher, N (2010) Odor classification of biosolids to mitigate nuisances : a Québec approach, Proceedings of the WEF 2010 Residuals & Biosolids Conference, Savannah, GA, pp 720-726.

ADAS-UK (2003), See www.adas.co.uk/matrix or ADAS Gleadthorpe Research Centre