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Abbreviations/Acronyms 2-AG 2-Arachidonoyl Glycerol 5-FU 5-fluorouracil a.m. (1) ante meridiem (before noon); (2) ante menstrua- tionem (before menstruation); (3) ante mortem (before death) a¯a¯ ana partes aequales (to identical parts) AA (1) Application Area; (2) Arachidonic Acid (an omega-6 fatty acid) AAA (1) Acute Anxiety Attack; (2) Alcoholics Anonymous Association; (3) Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm AAC (1) Antibiotic-Associated Colitis Application; (2) Assay Acceptance Criteria AADA Abbreviated Antibiotic Drug Application (FDA) AAMI Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (USA) AAPCC American Association of Poison Control Centers (USA) AAPP American Academy of Pharmaceutical Physicians (USA) AAPS American Association of Pharmaceutical Sciences (USA) Ab (1) Antibody; (2) Abortus ABEMIP Association Belge des Médecins de l’Industrie Pharmaceutique (also BEVAFI) (Belgian society of physicians in the pharmaceutical industry) ABHI Association of British Health-Care Industries ABI Ankle-Brachial Index ABMT Autologous Bone Marrow Transplant G. Nahler, Dictionary of Pharmaceutical Medicine, 351 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-50669-2 © Springer International Publishing AG 2017 352 Abbreviations/Acronyms ABP Arterial Blood Pressure ABPI Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry (www.abpi.org.uk) AC Ante cibos (medication to be taken before meal) ACCME Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (USA) ACE Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme ACHC (American) Accreditation Commission for Health Care, www.achc.org AChE AcetylCholinEsterase AChEI AcetylCholinEsterase-Inhibitor ACPP/ACMIP Association of Canadian Pharmaceutical Physicians/ Association Canadienne des Médecins de l’Industrie Pharmaceutique ACR Annual Cumulative Review ACRPI Association for Clinical Research in the Pharmaceutical Industry AD (1) Alzheimer’s Disease; (2) Arteriosclerotic Disease; (3) Atopical Dermatitis ADAS Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale ADC Antibody-Drug Conjugate ADCC Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity ADD Attention Deficit Disorder ADE (1) Adverse Drug Event, Adverse Drug Experience; (2) Acute Disseminated Encephalitis; (3) Adverse Device Event ADEPT Antibody-Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy ADHD Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ADI (1) Acceptable Daily Intake; (2) Average Daily Intake ADL Activities of Daily Living ADME Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion ADMET Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, Toxicity(nature) ADP Automated Data Processing ADPL Average Daily Patient Load ADR Adverse Reaction, Adverse Drug Reaction ADRAC Adverse Drug Reactions Advisory Committee ADROIT Adverse Drug Reaction On-line Information Tracking (UK) ADRRS Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting System AdS Académie des Sciences (France) ADs Advertisements ADS Ascending Dose Study ADT (1) Alternate Day Treatment; (2) Accident du Travail AE (1) Adverse Event; (2) Adverse Experience Abbreviations/Acronyms 353 AEA Arachidonoyl Ethanol Amide (anandamide) AEAIC Académie Européenne d’ Allergologie et Immunologie Clinique AED Anti-Epileptic Drug AEFI (Association of Industrial Pharmacists, Spain) AERS Adverse Events Reporting System (FDA) AESAL Académie Européenne des Sciences, des Arts et des Lettres AESGP Association Européenne des Spécialités Pharmaceutiques Grand Public (European Proprietary Medicines Manufacturers’ Association, Paris, Association of the European Self- Medication Industry; www.aesgp.eu) AF Atrial Fibrillation AFAQ Association Française pour l’Assurance Qualité (French Association for Quality Assurance) AFEC Association Française pour l’Etude du Cancer (Paris) AFSSAPS Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Produits de Santé (renamed in 2012 to Agence Nationale de Sécurité du Médicament ANSM) Ag Antigen AGES (1) Österreichische Agentur für Gesundheit und Ernährungssicherheit (Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, www.basg.gv.at); (2) Advanced Glycation End Products AGIM Association Générale de l’Industrie du Médicament AGREE Appraisal of Guidelines for REsearch & Evaluation (http://www.agreetrust.org/resource-centre/agree-ii/) AHA (1) American Heart Association; (2) Area Health Authority AHCPR Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (USA) AHF Antihaemophilic Factor AHP American Herbal Pharmacopoeia AHRQ Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (USA) AI (1) Artificial Intelligence; (2) Adequate Intake (of nutrients) AICRC Association of Independent Clinical Research Contractors AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome AIFA Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco (Italian Drug Agency) AIFA Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco (Italian health authority) AIM Active Ingredient Manufacturer AIMD (1) Active Implantable Medical Device; (2) Active Ingredient Manufacturer AIMS Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale 354 Abbreviations/Acronyms AINS Anti-inflammatoire Non-Stéroidique (= NSAID) AJCC American Joint Committee on Cancer AL Acute Leukaemia ALA (1) Alanin; (2) Alpha-Linolenic Acid (an omega-3 fatty acid); (3) Alpha Lipoic Acid ALARA As Low As Reasonably Achievable ALCOA Attributable, Legible, Contemporaneous, Original, Accurate (data quality) ALGOL Algorithmic Language ALI Annual Limit of Intake ALL Acute Lymphatic Leukaemia ALS Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis AMA (1) American Medical Association; (2) Australian Medical Association AMAPI Association of Medical Advisers in the Pharmaceutical Industry (UK) AMC Academic Medical Center AMG Arzneimittelgesetz (Medicines Act, Austria, Germany) AMI Acute Myocardial Infarction AMIP Association des Médecins de l’Industrie Pharmaceutique AML Acute Myelogenous Leukaemia AMM Authorisation de Mise sur le Marché AMNOG Arzneimittelmarkt- Neuordnungsgesetz (new healthcare bill requesting an added benefit for drugs; Germany) AMP Auxiliary Medicinal Product AMS Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ANCOVA Analysis of Co-Variance (covariate adjustment) ANDA Abbreviated New Drug Application ANF Antinuclear Factor ANOVA Analysis of Variance ANSM Agence Nationale de Sécurité du Médicament (former AFSSAPS), www.ansm.sante.fr/ ANVISA Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (Brazil national health surveillance agency), www.anvisa.gov.br AOA American Osteophathic Association AOD Arterial Occlusive Disease APA American Psychiatric Association APACHE Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation APC Antigen-Presenting Cells APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, https://www. apec-econ.ca/ APhA American Pharmaceutical Association API Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient API Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (EC) Abbreviations/Acronyms 355 APMA Australian Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association APPA Australian Pharmaceutical Physicians Association APUA Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics AQL Acceptable Quality Level AR (1) Airway Resistance; (2) Assessment Report (EC) ARC (1) AIDS Related Complex; (2) Assistant de la Recherche Clinique (syn. CRA) ARCNO Adverse Reaction Number (WHO Adverse Reaction Terminology)) ARDS Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome ARF (1) Acute Respiratory Failure; (2) Acute Renal Failure ART (1) Adverse Reaction Terminology (WHO); (2) Anti-Retroviral Therapy ARTG Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods ASA (1) Acetyl Salicylic Acid; (2) Adam Stokes Attack; (3) American Society of Anesthesiologists A-SAA Acute phase Serum Amyloid A ASC (1) Altered State of Consciousness; (2) Adult Stem Cell ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange ASCO American Society of Clinical Oncology ASI Anxiety Status Inventory ASMF Active Substance Master File AS-ODN Antisense-Oligodeoxynucleotide ASR Annual Safety Report ATC (1) Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System (WHO); (2) Animal Test Certificate ATCC American Type Culture Collection ATD Anti-Tampering Device ATE Acute Toxicity Estimate ATMP Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (EC) ATSDR Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/, http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/ toxicsubstances.html) AUC Area Under (concentration/time) the Curve AV (1) Atrio-Ventricular; (2) Audio-Visual AWP Average Wholesale Price B.M.S. Bachelor of Medical Science B.Med. Bachelor of Medicine B.S. Bachelor of Surgery BA (1) Bachelor of Arts; (2) Biological Age BACOP Bleomycine, Adriamycine, Cyclophosphamide, Oncovine, Prednisone BAD British Association of Dermatologists 356 Abbreviations/Acronyms BAH Bundesverband der Arzneimittelhersteller BAN British Approved Names BARDI Bayesian Adverse Reaction Diagnostic Instrument BARQA British Association of Research Quality Assurance BBB Blood Brain Barrier BBE Best Before End (date, m/y) BBT Basal Body Temperature BC (1) Breathing Capacity; (2) Birth Control; (3) Bone Conduction; (4) Bronchial Carcinoma; (5) Bronchite Chronique (chronic bronchitis) BCDF B Cell Differentiation Factor BCG Bacillus Calmette Guerin BCGF B Cell Growth Factor BCh Bachelor of Surgery Bcl-2 B-cell lymphoma-2 gene (codes for an anti-apoptotic protein that regulates cell death) BCM Birth Control Medication BCS Biopharmaceutical Classification System Bd Bis in Die (twice daily) BDNF Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor BDP Botanical Drug Product BDS Botanical Drug Substance BEVAFI Belgische Vereniging van de Artsen van de Farmaceutische Industrie (Belgian society of physi- cians in the pharmaceutical industry) BfArM Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte (German Federal Health Office, Berlin, former BGA) BFF Body Feed Filtration BFID Brancheforeningen af Farmaceutiske Industrivirksomheder i Danmark (association of pharmaceutical industries in Denmark) BGA Bundesgesundheitsamt (German Federal Health
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