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Homework for the Week of November 14, 2016

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Homework for the Week of November 14, 2016 Butler 8 Social Studies Homework for the week of November 14, 2016 Monday (due Wednesday): • Review the terms to define and the questions before you read from the textbook. • Read pages 576 – 583. • Using complete sentences, explain the definitions and importance of the following words. For the people, please explain their actions and how those actions are important: a. vigilantes b. Promontory Point c. transcontinental railroad d. Leland Stanford e. Thomas Durant ✱✱ • Respond to the following, with details, using complete sentences: 1. Using the information on pages 576-577, explain three facts about Plains Indian culture. (Use the reading on 576 and the vocab list on 577.) 2. How were immigrants essential to the development of the West? In your answer, include whether you think they were treated fairly. 3. What is a subsidy and how did subsidies influence the development of the American West? 4. How did gold and silver influence the development of the American West? 5. Go to the website PhSchool.com and enter the code myp-6137. Examine the development of the transcontinental railroad. Read the text. Why did the Union Pacific cover more territory than the Central Pacific? (This can also be determined on page 582.) **For Thomas Durant, please read the encyclopedia entry below and summarize it using no more than three detailed sentences. Durant, Thomas Clark, 1820–85, American railroad builder, chief figure in the construction of the Union Pacific RR, b. Lee, Mass. He was successful in building railroads in the Midwest, and, after the Union Pacific was organized (1862) by an act of Congress, John A. Dix was elected president and Durant vice president of the company. The burden of management and money raising was assumed by Durant, and, with much money at his disposal, he helped to secure in 1864 the passage of a bill that increased the land grants and privileges of the railroad. He organized and at first controlled the Crédit Mobilier of America, but later (1867) he lost control of the company to Oakes Ames and his brother. Durant, however, continued on the directorate of the Union Pacific and furiously pushed construction of the railroad until it met the Central Pacific RR on May 10, 1869. The Ames group then procured his discharge. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2007, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. Tuesday: • Read pages 584 – 589. • Using complete sentences, explain the definitions and importance of the following: a. Sun Dance (read the box below) b. Fort Laramie Treaty c. Ghost Dance d. Crazy Horse e. Geronimo • Respond to the following, with details, using complete sentences: 1 1. Explain the culture of the Plains Indians. Use information from last night’s homework as well as tonight’s reading. (Culture can be defined as the “customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits of a racial, religious, or social group.” according to m-w.com) 2. How was Little Big Horn a victory and a defeat for the Sioux? 3. What happened at Wounded Knee? Make sure you include the WWWWWH how the event. 4. The United States treatment of American Indians led to the book A Century of Dishonor. Look up the word dishonorable. Explain three instances from this section in which Native Americans are treated dishonorably. 5. Ethnocentric means “characterized or based on the belief that one’s own culture is superior.” according to m-w.com Why can the Dawes Act be called ethnocentric? The Sun Dance The Sun Dance was an annual ritual performed by the Plains Indians. The Native American tribes who practiced this dance were the Arapaho, Arikara, Cheyenne, Crow, Sioux, Ute, Shoshoni, Kiowa, and Blackfoot tribes. Their rituals varied from tribe to tribe. The ritual normally lasted for eight days and involved fasting, dancing, and self-torture. The dancers attempted to pull free from skewers which pierced their breast muscles. The skewers were attached to ropes secured to a central pole. The sun dancer would then lean with all his weight against the ropes until either the muscles or the skin was torn away. Sitting Bull took part in the Sun Dance ceremony just before his famous victory at the Little Bighorn. http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/WWsundance2.htm For more information, visit ABC-Clio Wednesday (due Thursday): • Read pages 590 - 594. • Using complete sentences, explain the definitions and importance of the following words. For the people, please explain their actions and how those actions are important: a. Jesse Chisholm (read the box on page four) b. Cowhands/cowboys c. Vaquero d. Abilene e. Buffalo Bill Cody • Respond to the following, with details, using complete sentences: 1. How did railroads play a key role in cattle drives? (See the map on 591.) 2 2. What was the myth of the West that Buffalo Bill worked to promote? 3. What were the reasons the Cattle Boom ended? Explain at least three. 4. Americans have traditionally prided themselves on their rugged individualism. What is rugged individualism (look it up or ask an adult)? What it is about the West that appeals to Americans and relates to this rugged individualism? Thursday (due Friday): • Review the terms to define and the questions before you read from the textbook. • Read pages 595 - 599. • Using complete sentences, explain the definitions and importance of the following words. For the people, please explain their actions and how those actions are important: a. Homestead Act b. Sod c. Exodusters d. surplus e. National Grange f. Farmers’ Alliance g. Populist Party h. inflation • Review the questions before you read from the textbook. • Read pages 595 - 599. • Respond to the following, with details, using complete sentences: 1. Why is it said that the West was closed in 1890? 2. Look at the chart of buffalo population from ABC-Clio. How does the decrease in population of the buffalo support the idea that the West was closed? 3. What were the reasons for the decline in the buffalo population? Be specific. Friday: • Spend time reading. 3 Chisholm Trail History Jesse Chisholm and Joseph McCoy Scot-Cherokee trader Jesse Chisholm first marked the famous Chisholm Trail in 1864 for his wagons. It started at the confluence of the Little and Big Arkansas Rivers and went to Jesse Chisholm's trading post, southwest of present day Oklahoma City. Jesse Chisholm used the trail to trade with the U.S. Army and Native American tribes (Indians) from his trading post at the present site of the Twin Lakes Shopping Center in Wichita to his southern trading post in Indian Territories. The Wichita Indians used the Chisholm Trail when they moved from their native territory to the mouth of the Little Arkansas and also when they returned in 1868. Joseph G. McCoy, a cattle buyer from Illinois, was instrumental in extending the Chisholm Trail from present day Wichita to Abilene, Kansas, to promote and establish cattle market for thousands of longhorn cattle from Texas. In 1867, McCoy built stockyards that he advertised throughout Texas. Approximately 35,000 cattle followed the Chisholm Trail during the first season to Abilene in 1867. Through Joseph McCoy's promotional and entrepreneurial efforts Abilene became a prosperous and famous cattletown from 1867 to 1870. In the five years from 1867 to 1872, more than three million head of cattle were driven up the Chisholm Trail from Texas to Abilene. By 1870 thousands of Texas longhorn cattle were being driven over the Chisholm Trail to the Union Pacific (later the Kansas Pacific) Railroad shipping center at Abilene. By 1871 as many as 5,000 cowboys were often paid off during a single day. Abilene became known as a rough town in the Old West. http://www.vlib.us/old_west/trails/cthist.html 4 .
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