DOCSLIB.ORG

Progenesis in Digenean Trematodes: a Taxonomic and Synthetic Overview of Species Reproducing in Their Second Intermediate Hosts

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Progenesis in Digenean Trematodes: a Taxonomic and Synthetic Overview of Species Reproducing in Their Second Intermediate Hosts 587 REVIEW ARTICLE Progenesis in digenean trematodes: a taxonomic and synthetic overview of species reproducing in their second intermediate hosts F. LEFEBVRE and R. POULIN* Department of Zoology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56 Dunedin, New Zealand (Received 7 September 2004; revised 15 November 2004; accepted 15 November 2004) SUMMARY Precocious egg production, i.e. progenesis, has been documented for a number of species in scattered reports throughout the trematode literature. The last 2 extensive studies on the subject date from Buttner in the early 1950s (in French) and from Tang in the early 1980s (in Chinese). Overall, 43 species were then known for their ability to produce eggs at the metacercarial stage while still in the second intermediate host. Here, we update the list, and document the existence of progenesis in a total of 79 digenean trematode species, for which we provide information on the taxonomy of the hosts, the facultative or obligate character of progenesis, relevant references, as well as some other pertinent biological information. We then review the subject by asking 7 questions of fundamental evolutionary importance. These include: What favours progenetic development? What are the associated costs and benefits? How are progenetic eggs released from the host? While exposing the various opinions of previous authors, we attempt to give a synthetic overview and stress on the importance of the metacercarial cyst wall (whether it is present, and if so its thickness) in the evolution and the adoption of a progenetic life-cycle. Key words: Digenea, life-cycle, metacercariae, reproductive strategies, self-fertilization, egg production. INTRODUCTION that, in neotenic organisms, first reproduction occurs at the same age as in normal organisms, via Precocious egg production in parasites has been the retardation of somatic development. Both these known since the report by von Siebold (1835), processes are thus characterized by the retention of ‘Helminthologische Beitra¨ge’, on eggs released from juvenile characters by adult stages (paedomorphic metacercariae found in the crayfish Astacus astacus. phenotypes; see for example Reilly, Wiley & The term ‘proge´ne`se’, i.e. progenesis later in Meinhardt, 1997). So, basically, progenesis is English, was originally proposed by Giard (1887) for wrongly applied to trematodes, in which precocious sexual maturity of animals that have not yet attained worms are morphologically similar to the adults the adult stage. Dollfus (1924) first applied the term found in the definitive host. However, the term to trematodes when he observed egg production by progenesis is now so widely used in the para- the metacercariae of Pleurogenoides medians sitological literature that it would be pointless and (Pleurogenidae). Now, the concept of progenesis is confusing to introduce a more specific term. We widely employed in palaeontology and botany, and must simply use the term keeping in mind that it quite commonly reported in many animal taxa refers to the attainment of both sexual and somatic (Anura, Urodela, Polychaeta). development in the non-definitive host. In our At present, the accepted definition is the formal view, the most relevant definition for progenesis in one proposed by Gould (1977): any heterochronic trematodes is the production of viable eggs in development in which first reproduction occurs at an individuals inhabiting an organism that would earlier age, i.e. sexual maturation in an organism still normally be considered an intermediate host. in a morphologically juvenile stage. It is often con- Progenesis in trematodes thus encompasses all fused with the term neoteny, but differs from it in cases where a larval stage, a metacercaria or even a cercaria, attains such a degree of maturity that it can produce viable eggs. As a result, the life-cycle may * Corresponding author: Tel: +64 (0)3 479 7983. Fax: +64 (0)3 479 7584. E-mail: robert.poulin@stonebow. be completed in 2 hosts or even in a single host. otago.ac.nz Progenesis may manifest itself in various degrees, Parasitology (2005), 130, 587–605. f 2005 Cambridge University Press doi:10.1017/S0031182004007103 Printed in the United Kingdom F. Lefebvre and R. Poulin 588 from sporadic cases of egg production (1st stage of overview of progenesis, if only for comparative progenesis, according to Buttner, 1955) up to the purposes. Here, we first provide an up-to-date obligate progenetic life-cycle (4th stage of pro- compilation of progenetic trematode species, prior to genesis). In such extreme cases, progenetic metacer- addressing a range of important questions about the cariae are functionally and morphologically similar evolution of progenesis. to adult forms in the definitive host, and are some- times referred to as adults. However, we agree with Grabda-Kazubska (1976), that it is less confusing to TAXONOMIC REVIEW: UPDATING THE LIST keep calling them progenetic metacercariae or pro- genetic forms rather than adults, specifically when Based on 2 previous works (Wu, 1938; Dawes, dealing with the evolution of life-cycles. Similarly, it 1946), Yeh & Wu in 1950 compiled a list of 12 seems to us important and useful to use the term trematode species for which progenesis had been historical host (see Maillard, 1973) to refer to the recorded. The first extensive review, however, was functional host in the ancestral 3-host life-cycle completed by Buttner in 4 consecutive papers (e.g. the historical definitive host). published in French (Buttner, 1950a; 1951a, b, c). Progenesis and abbreviated life-cycles have been This author investigated the biological significance considered previously in the context of life-cycle of progenesis and discussed in detail 30 progenetic evolution in trematodes, but usually as a marginal trematode species. A second species list was phenomenon (Ginetsinskaya, 1988; Galaktionov & later published in Chinese by Tang in 1980. The Dobrovolskij, 2003). Truncated life-cycles have author, mainly referring to the Asian literature, evolved independently many times in the phylogeny compiled a list of 23 progenetic trematode species. of trematodes (Poulin & Cribb, 2002). Progenesis is, So, at the time of this last review, leaving out in fact, only one of many ways in which trematodes duplicates, somewhere around 43 progenetic trema- can abbreviate their complex life-cycle (Grabda- todes were known (i.e. taxa identified to species Kazubska, 1976; Poulin & Cribb, 2002). Basically, level). in addition to progenesis, elimination of 1 or 2 hosts Since then, a significant number of species needs from the life-cycle can be achieved by (i) using the to be added to the list for different reasons: (i) mollusc first intermediate host as the second inter- oversight of progenetic species in the previous lists, mediate host (no historical second host, metacer- (ii) new evidence of progenetic development among cariae encyst in the mollusc and are ingested by a previously described species, (iii) description of vertebrate definitive host), or by (ii) using the mol- new species exhibiting progenetic development, (iv) lusc first intermediate host as second intermediate as revision of the trematode taxonomy. well as definitive hosts (no historical second inter- Excluding blood flukes, we list here 79 trematode mediate and vertebrate hosts, sporocysts directly species for which egg production has been docu- produce either sexual adults or miracidia). However, mented at the metacercarial stage (see Table 1). progenesis is by far the most common way to shorten They belong to 50 genera and 24 families. Some of the life-cycle and 1-host life-cycles are very rare these families appear over-represented in the list; 5 (Poulin & Cribb, 2002). In this review, we focused out of the approximately 100 trematode families only on the possible elimination of the historical currently recognized (see Gibson, Jones & Bray, vertebrate host (i.e. egg production by the meta- 2002) account for more than 50% of the total number cercariae in the historical second intermediate host). of progenetic species listed here (Allocreadiidae We thus restricted our synthesis to trematodes for N=9; Hemiuridae N=6; Macroderoididae N=11; which a cercarial stage penetrates, then matures into Microphallidae N=6; Opecoelidae N=9). Among a metacercarial stage and produces eggs in a second these families, the genus Alloglossidium (Macro- intermediate host. We only investigated the subclass deroididae) is particularly remarkable with a total of Digenea, with no regard to the small sister group 11 progenetic species. Aquatic invertebrates are the Aspidogastrea. Moreover, it must be pointed out historical second hosts of most progenetic trema- that we did not consider in our taxonomic review the todes (crustaceans N=47; insects N=14; leeches species belonging to families for which all members N=8; molluscs N=7; polychaetes N=1), though are progenetic, i.e. the blood flukes Sanguinicolidae, vertebrates are not rare (fish N=14; amphibians Spirorchidae, and Schistosomatidae. They represent N=8). Concerning the definitive hosts, most of an ancestral life-cycle truncation inherited by all them are fish in case of facultative progenesis (fish species in the clade, and are therefore much more N=45; amphibians N=7; mammals N=6; reptiles specialized for a 2-host cycle than other taxa. N=5; birds N=4). Overall, obligate progenetic Accounts of the biology and epidemiology of these 3 species (i.e. with no demonstrated definitive host) families and other relevant information can be found represent 26% of progenetic species for which we elsewhere in the literature. Nonetheless, because have information on this aspect (obligate progenetic they represent a major transition in trematode evol- species: N=17; facultative progenetic species: ution, we consider blood flukes in our synthetic N=48). Progenesis in trematodes 589 BIOLOGICAL REVIEW: QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS lineages. Recent investigations using analysis of Throughout the last century, many evolutionary character convergence strongly support the idea that aspects of progenesis in trematodes have been the the 2-host life-cycle derived from a more ancient subjects of fruitful debates.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Global Assessment of Parasite Diversity in Galaxiid Fishes
    diversity Article A Global Assessment of Parasite Diversity in Galaxiid Fishes Rachel A. Paterson 1,*, Gustavo P. Viozzi 2, Carlos A. Rauque 2, Verónica R. Flores 2 and Robert Poulin 3 1 The Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, P.O. Box 5685, Torgarden, 7485 Trondheim, Norway 2 Laboratorio de Parasitología, INIBIOMA, CONICET—Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, San Carlos de Bariloche 8400, Argentina; [email protected] (G.P.V.); [email protected] (C.A.R.); veronicaroxanafl[email protected] (V.R.F.) 3 Department of Zoology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +47-481-37-867 Abstract: Free-living species often receive greater conservation attention than the parasites they support, with parasite conservation often being hindered by a lack of parasite biodiversity knowl- edge. This study aimed to determine the current state of knowledge regarding parasites of the Southern Hemisphere freshwater fish family Galaxiidae, in order to identify knowledge gaps to focus future research attention. Specifically, we assessed how galaxiid–parasite knowledge differs among geographic regions in relation to research effort (i.e., number of studies or fish individuals examined, extent of tissue examination, taxonomic resolution), in addition to ecological traits known to influ- ence parasite richness. To date, ~50% of galaxiid species have been examined for parasites, though the majority of studies have focused on single parasite taxa rather than assessing the full diversity of macro- and microparasites. The highest number of parasites were observed from Argentinean galaxiids, and studies in all geographic regions were biased towards the highly abundant and most widely distributed galaxiid species, Galaxias maculatus.
    [Show full text]
  • Luth Wfu 0248D 10922.Pdf
    SCALE-DEPENDENT VARIATION IN MOLECULAR AND ECOLOGICAL PATTERNS OF INFECTION FOR ENDOHELMINTHS FROM CENTRARCHID FISHES BY KYLE E. LUTH A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY GRADAUTE SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Biology May 2016 Winston-Salem, North Carolina Approved By: Gerald W. Esch, Ph.D., Advisor Michael V. K. Sukhdeo, Ph.D., Chair T. Michael Anderson, Ph.D. Herman E. Eure, Ph.D. Erik C. Johnson, Ph.D. Clifford W. Zeyl, Ph.D. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I would like to thank my PI, Dr. Gerald Esch, for all of the insight, all of the discussions, all of the critiques (not criticisms) of my works, and for the rides to campus when the North Carolina weather decided to drop rain on my stubborn head. The numerous lively debates, exchanges of ideas, voicing of opinions (whether solicited or not), and unerring support, even in the face of my somewhat atypical balance of service work and dissertation work, will not soon be forgotten. I would also like to acknowledge and thank the former Master, and now Doctor, Michael Zimmermann; friend, lab mate, and collecting trip shotgun rider extraordinaire. Although his need of SPF 100 sunscreen often put our collecting trips over budget, I could not have asked for a more enjoyable, easy-going, and hard-working person to spend nearly 2 months and 25,000 miles of fishing filled days and raccoon, gnat, and entrail-filled nights. You are a welcome camping guest any time, especially if you do as good of a job attracting scorpions and ants to yourself (and away from me) as you did on our trips.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Curriculum Vitae Stephen S. Curran, Ph.D. Department of Coastal
    Curriculum vitae Stephen S. Curran, Ph.D. Department of Coastal Sciences The University of Southern Mississippi Gulf Coast Research Laboratory 703 East Beach Drive Phone: (228) 238-0208 Ocean Springs, MS 39564 Email: [email protected] Research and Teaching Interests: I am an organismal biologist interested in the biodiversity of metazoan parasitic animals. I study their taxonomy using traditional microscopic and histological techniques and their genetic interrelationships and systematics using ribosomal DNA sequences. I also investigate the effects of extrinsic factors on aquatic environments by using parasite prevalence and abundance as a proxy for total biodiversity in aquatic communities and for assessing food web dynamics. I am also interested in the epidemiology of viral diseases of crustaceans. University Teaching Experience: •Instructor for Parasites of Marine Animals Summer class, University of Southern Mississippi, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory (2011-present). •Co-Instructor (with Richard Heard) for Marine Invertebrate Zoology, University of Southern Mississippi, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory (2007). •Intern Mentor, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory. I’ve instructed 16 interns during (2003, 2007- present). •Graduate Teaching Assistant for Animal Parasitology, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut (Spring 1995). •Graduate Teaching Assistant for Introductory Biology for Majors, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut (Fall 1994). Positions: •Assistant Research
    [Show full text]
  • Review and Meta-Analysis of the Environmental Biology and Potential Invasiveness of a Poorly-Studied Cyprinid, the Ide Leuciscus Idus
    REVIEWS IN FISHERIES SCIENCE & AQUACULTURE https://doi.org/10.1080/23308249.2020.1822280 REVIEW Review and Meta-Analysis of the Environmental Biology and Potential Invasiveness of a Poorly-Studied Cyprinid, the Ide Leuciscus idus Mehis Rohtlaa,b, Lorenzo Vilizzic, Vladimır Kovacd, David Almeidae, Bernice Brewsterf, J. Robert Brittong, Łukasz Głowackic, Michael J. Godardh,i, Ruth Kirkf, Sarah Nienhuisj, Karin H. Olssonh,k, Jan Simonsenl, Michał E. Skora m, Saulius Stakenas_ n, Ali Serhan Tarkanc,o, Nildeniz Topo, Hugo Verreyckenp, Grzegorz ZieRbac, and Gordon H. Coppc,h,q aEstonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; bInstitute of Marine Research, Austevoll Research Station, Storebø, Norway; cDepartment of Ecology and Vertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Łod z, Poland; dDepartment of Ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia; eDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, USP-CEU University, Madrid, Spain; fMolecular Parasitology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey, UK; gDepartment of Life and Environmental Sciences, Bournemouth University, Dorset, UK; hCentre for Environment, Fisheries & Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, Suffolk, UK; iAECOM, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada; jOntario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada; kDepartment of Zoology, Tel Aviv University and Inter-University Institute for Marine Sciences in Eilat, Tel Aviv,
    [Show full text]
  • Binder 021, Bucephalidae [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks]
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Trematoda Taxon Notebooks Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of February 2021 Binder 021, Bucephalidae [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks] Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/trematoda Part of the Biodiversity Commons, Parasitic Diseases Commons, and the Parasitology Commons Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology, "Binder 021, Bucephalidae [Trematoda Taxon Notebooks]" (2021). Trematoda Taxon Notebooks. 21. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/trematoda/21 This Portfolio is brought to you for free and open access by the Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Trematoda Taxon Notebooks by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Family BUCEPHALIDAE POCHE, 1907 1. Bucephalus varicus Manter, 1940 Host. Caranx hippos (Linn.): Common jack; family Carangidae Incidence of Infection. In 1 of 1 host Location. Mainly close to pyloric junction and a few scattered speci­ mens along length of entire intestine Locality. Bayboro Harbor, Tampa Bay, (new locality record) Florida Discussion. Manter (1940) pictured variation of tentacles and displa- ---- -- cement of organs in preserved B. varicus from the Tropical American Pacific and Tortugas, Florida. We have studied live B. varicus under slight coverslip pressure and can confirm the variations observed by Manter ( 1940) . B. varicus has been reported from no less than eleven different carangid species from Okinawa, the Red Sea, Tortugas, Florida, and the Tropical American Pacific. The only other record of B. varicus from Caranx hippos is by Bravo and Sogandares (1957) from the Pacific Coast of Mexico.
    [Show full text]
  • Are Parasite Richness and Abundance Linked to Prey Species Richness and Individual Feeding Preferences in fish Hosts?
    75 Are parasite richness and abundance linked to prey species richness and individual feeding preferences in fish hosts? ALYSSA R. CIRTWILL1, DANIEL B. STOUFFER1, ROBERT POULIN2 and CLÉMENT LAGRUE2* 1 Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand 2 Department of Zoology, University of Otago, 340 Great King Street, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand (Received 1 July 2015; revised 8 October 2015; accepted 9 October 2015; first published online 17 November 2015) SUMMARY Variations in levels of parasitism among individuals in a population of hosts underpin the importance of parasites as an evolutionary or ecological force. Factors influencing parasite richness (number of parasite species) and load (abundance and biomass) at the individual host level ultimately form the basis of parasite infection patterns. In fish, diet range (number of prey taxa consumed) and prey selectivity (proportion of a particular prey taxon in the diet) have been shown to influence parasite infection levels. However, fish diet is most often characterized at the species or fish population level, thus ignoring variation among conspecific individuals and its potential effects on infection patterns among indivi- duals. Here, we examined parasite infections and stomach contents of New Zealand freshwater fish at the individual level. We tested for potential links between the richness, abundance and biomass of helminth parasites and the diet range and prey selectivity of individual fish hosts. There was no obvious link between individual fish host diet and hel- minth infection levels. Our results were consistent across multiple fish host and parasite species and contrast with those of earlier studies in which fish diet and parasite infection were linked, hinting at a true disconnect between host diet and measures of parasite infections in our study systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Systematics and the Evolutionary History of Some Intestinal Flatworm Parasites (Trematoda: Digenea: Plagiorchi01dea) of Anurans
    PHYLOGENETIC SYSTEMATICS AND THE EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF SOME INTESTINAL FLATWORM PARASITES (TREMATODA: DIGENEA: PLAGIORCHI01DEA) OF ANURANS by RICHARD TERENCE 0'GRADY B.Sc, University Of British Columbia, 1978 M.Sc, McGill University, 1981 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES Department Of Zoology We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA March 1987 © Richard Terence O'Grady, 1987 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the Head of my Department or by his or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Department of Zoology The University of British Columbia 2075 Wesbrook Place Vancouver, Canada V6T 1W5 Date: March 24, 1987 i i Abstract Historical structuralism is presented as a research program in evolutionary biology. It uses patterns of common ancestry as initial hypotheses in explaining evolutionary history. Such patterns, represented by phylogenetic trees, or cladograms, are postulates of persistent ancestral traits. These traits are evidence of historical constraints on evolutionary change. Patterns and processes consistent with a cladogram are considered to be consistent with an initial hypothesis of historical constraint. As an application of historical structuralism, a phylogenetic analysis is presented for members of the digenean plagiorchioid genera Glypthelmins Stafford, 1905 and Haplometrana Lucker, 1931.
    [Show full text]
  • Gobiomorphus Cotidianus
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Body Condition Peaks at Intermediate Parasite Loads in the Common Bully Gobiomorphus cotidianus Alberto Maceda-Veiga1,2*, Andy J. Green3, Robert Poulin4, CleÂment Lagrue4 1 Department of Integrative Ecology, EstacioÂn BioloÂgica de Doñana-CSIC), Sevilla, Spain, 2 Institute of Research in Biodiversity (IRBio), Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, 3 Department of Wetland Ecology, EstacioÂn BioloÂgica de Doñana-CSIC, Sevilla, Spain, 4 Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand a1111111111 * [email protected] a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 Abstract Most ecologists and conservationists perceive parasitic infections as deleterious for the hosts. Their effects, however, depend on many factors including host body condition, para- site load and the life cycle of the parasite. More research into how multiple parasite taxa OPEN ACCESS affect host body condition is required and will help us to better understand host-parasite Citation: Maceda-Veiga A, Green AJ, Poulin R, coevolution. We used body condition indices, based on mass-length relationships, to test Lagrue C (2016) Body Condition Peaks at the effects that abundances and biomasses of six parasite taxa (five trematodes, Apatemon Intermediate Parasite Loads in the Common Bully sp., Tylodelphys sp., Stegodexamene anguillae, Telogaster opisthorchis, Coitocaecum par- Gobiomorphus cotidianus. PLoS ONE 11(12): e0168992. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168992 vum, and the nematode Eustrongylides sp.) with different modes of transmission have on the body condition of their intermediate or final fish host, the common bully Gobiomorphus Editor: Heike Lutermann, University of Pretoria, SOUTH AFRICA cotidianus in New Zealand. We used two alternative body condition methods, the Scaled Mass Index (SMI) and Fulton's condition factor.
    [Show full text]
  • And Interspecific Competition Among Helminth
    Available online at www.sciencedirect.com International Journal for Parasitology 38 (2008) 1435–1444 www.elsevier.com/locate/ijpara Intra- and interspecific competition among helminth parasites: Effects on Coitocaecum parvum life history strategy, size and fecundity Cle´ment Lagrue *, Robert Poulin Department of Zoology, University of Otago, 340 Great King Street, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand Received 5 February 2008; received in revised form 4 April 2008; accepted 7 April 2008 Abstract Larval helminths often share intermediate hosts with other individuals of the same or different species. Competition for resources and/ or conflicts over transmission routes are likely to influence both the association patterns between species and the life history strategies of each individual. Parasites sharing common intermediate hosts may have evolved ways to avoid or associate with other species depending on their definitive host. If not, individual parasites could develop alternative life history strategies in response to association with particular species. Three sympatric species of helminths exploit the amphipod Paracalliope fluviatilis as an intermediate host in New Zea- land: the acanthocephalan Acanthocephalus galaxii, the trematode Microphallus sp. and the progenetic trematode Coitocaecum parvum. Adult A. galaxii and C. parvum are both fish parasites whereas Microphallus sp. infects birds. We found no association, either positive or negative, among the three parasite species. The effects of intra- and interspecific interactions were also measured in the trematode C. parvum. Both intra- and interspecific competition seemed to affect both the life history strategy and the size and fecundity of C. parvum. Firstly, the proportion of progenesis was higher in metacercariae sharing their host with Microphallus sp., the bird parasite, than in any other situation.
    [Show full text]
  • Zoogeography of Digenetic Trematodes from West African Marine Fishes1
    192 PROCEEDINGS OF THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY Zoogeography of Digenetic Trematodes from West African Marine Fishes1 JACOB H. FISCHTHAL Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13901. ABSTRACT: Of the 107 species of trematodes found in West African (Mauritania to Gabon) marine fishes, 100 are allocated to 64 genera in 24 families while seven are immature didymozoids. Many of these genera are located in most of the world's seas with the exception of the polar seas; only five are en- demic to West Africa. The data for the 41 species known from West Africa and elsewhere, and those morphologically closest to the 55 endemic species, indicate that they are very widely distributed, particularly in the Western and North Atlantic, and Mediterranean. Historical and present- day events concerning physical and biological environmental factors and their effects on actual and po- tential hosts as well as on life cycle stages of the trematodes have resulted in the geographical distribution reported. The distribution of marine fishes has been emphasized to explain in part the trematode distribu- tion. Studies on the geographical distribution of (Gulf of Guinea from 5° S to 15° N) and digenetic trematodes of marine fishes in various warm temperate Mauritania have been pre- seas have been presented by Manter (1955, sented by Ekman (1953), Buchanan (1958), 1963, 1967), Szidat (1961), and Lebedev Longhurst (1962), and Ingham (1970). (1969), but West African waters were not included as sufficient data were not available Zoogeographical Distribution until more recently. The digenetic trematodes Of the 107 species of trematodes found in of West African marine fishes (mainly shore West African fishes, 100 are allocated to 64 and shelf inhabitants) have been reported by genera in 24 families while seven are immature Dollfus (1929, 1937a, b, 1946, 1951, 1960), didymozoids of unknown generic status (Ap- Dollfus and Capron (1958), Thomas (1959, pendix I).
    [Show full text]
  • Parasitology Volume 60 60
    Advances in Parasitology Volume 60 60 Cover illustration: Echinobothrium elegans from the blue-spotted ribbontail ray (Taeniura lymma) in Australia, a 'classical' hypothesis of tapeworm evolution proposed 2005 by Prof. Emeritus L. Euzet in 1959, and the molecular sequence data that now represent the basis of contemporary phylogenetic investigation. The emergence of molecular systematics at the end of the twentieth century provided a new class of data with which to revisit hypotheses based on interpretations of morphology and life ADVANCES IN history. The result has been a mixture of corroboration, upheaval and considerable insight into the correspondence between genetic divergence and taxonomic circumscription. PARASITOLOGY ADVANCES IN ADVANCES Complete list of Contents: Sulfur-Containing Amino Acid Metabolism in Parasitic Protozoa T. Nozaki, V. Ali and M. Tokoro The Use and Implications of Ribosomal DNA Sequencing for the Discrimination of Digenean Species M. J. Nolan and T. H. Cribb Advances and Trends in the Molecular Systematics of the Parasitic Platyhelminthes P P. D. Olson and V. V. Tkach ARASITOLOGY Wolbachia Bacterial Endosymbionts of Filarial Nematodes M. J. Taylor, C. Bandi and A. Hoerauf The Biology of Avian Eimeria with an Emphasis on Their Control by Vaccination M. W. Shirley, A. L. Smith and F. M. Tomley 60 Edited by elsevier.com J.R. BAKER R. MULLER D. ROLLINSON Advances and Trends in the Molecular Systematics of the Parasitic Platyhelminthes Peter D. Olson1 and Vasyl V. Tkach2 1Division of Parasitology, Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK 2Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, 58202-9019, USA Abstract ...................................166 1.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Copenhagen
    Assortative pairing in the amphipod Paracalliope fluviatilis: a role for parasites? Lefebvre, Francois; Fredensborg, Brian Lund; Armstrong, Amy; Hansen, Ellen; Poulin, Robert Published in: Hydrobiologia Publication date: 2005 Document version Early version, also known as pre-print Citation for published version (APA): Lefebvre, F., Fredensborg, B. L., Armstrong, A., Hansen, E., & Poulin, R. (2005). Assortative pairing in the amphipod Paracalliope fluviatilis: a role for parasites? Hydrobiologia, 545. Download date: 28. Sep. 2021 Hydrobiologia (2005) 545:65–73 Ó Springer 2005 DOI 10.1007/s10750-005-2211-0 Primary Research Paper Assortative pairing in the amphipod Paracalliope fluviatilis: a role for parasites? Franc¸ ois Lefebvre*, Brian Fredensborg, Amy Armstrong, Ellen Hansen & Robert Poulin Department of Zoology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand (*Author for correspondence: E-mail: [email protected]) Received 10 November 2004; in revised form 26 January 2005; accepted 13 February 2005 Key words: Amphipoda, Trematoda, Coitocaecum parvum, Microphallus sp., reproduction, mate choice Abstract The potential impact of parasitism on pairing patterns of the amphipod Paracalliope fluviatilis was investigated with regard to the infection status of both males and females. Two helminth parasites com- monly use this crustacean species as second intermediate host. One of them, Coitocaecum parvum,isa progenetic trematode with an egg-producing metacercaria occasionally reaching 2.0 mm in length, i.e. more than 50% the typical length of its amphipod host. The amphipod was shown to exhibit the common reproductive features of most precopula pair-forming crustaceans, i.e. larger males and females among pairs than among singles, more fecund females in pairs, and a trend for size-assortative pairing.
    [Show full text]