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Digital Technical Journal, Volume 5, Number 2: Multimedia; Application

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Digital Technical Journal, Volume 5, Number 2: Multimedia; Application • Multimedia • Application Control Digital Technical Journal Digital Equipment Corporation M ...... ..... ... ... ........ .... .. ... ... ... ... .... ..... .•..... ........ Volume 5 Number 2 Spring L993 Editorial The Digital Technicaljournal is a refereed journal published quarterly by Digital Jane C. Blake, Managing Editor Equipment Corporation, 30 Porter Road LJ02/D 10, Littleton, Massachusetts 01460. Kathleen M. Stetson, Editor Subscriptions to thejoumal are $40.00 (non-U.S. $60) for four issues and $75.00 (non­ Helen L. Patterson, Editor U.S. $ll5) for eight issues and must be prepaid in U.S. funds. University and college pro­ fessors and Ph.D. students in the electrical engineering and computer science fields Circulation receive complimentary subscriptions upon request. Orders, inquiries, and address Catherine M. Phillips, Administrator changes should be sent to the Digital Technicaljournal at the published-by address. Dorot he a B. Cassady, Secretary Inquiries can also be sent electronically to OTJ®CRL.DEC.COM. Single copies and back Production issues are available for $16.00 each from Digital Press of Digital Equipment Corporation, Terri Auricri, Production Editor 129 Parker Street, Maynard, MA 01754. Recent back issues of the journal are also Anne S. Karzeff, Typographer available on the Internet at gatekeeper.dec.com in the directOry /pub/DEC/DECinfo/DTJ. Peter R. Woodbur)', Illustrator Digital employees may send subscription orders on the ENET to ROYAX :JOLRNAL. Advisory Board Orders should include badge number, site location code, and address. Samuel H. Fuller, Chairman Comments on the content of any paper are welcomed and may be sent to the managing Richard W Beane editor at the published-by or network address. Donald Z. Harbert Richard .f. Holling,worth Copyright © 1993 Digital Equipment Cor poration . Copying without fee is permitted Alan G. Nemeth provided that such copies are made for use in educational institutions by faculty mem­ Jeffrey H. Rudy bers and are not distributed for commercial advantage. Abstracting with credit of Stan Smits Digital Equipment Corporation's authorship is permitted. Allrights reserved. Michael C. Thurk The information in the journalis subject to change without notice and should nor be Gayn B. Winters construed as a commitment by Digital Equipment Corporation. Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in the journal. ISSN 0898 -901X Documentation Number EY-P963E-DP The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation: Alpha AXP, AXP, CDA, COD/Repository, COHESION, CX, DDJF, DEC, DEC 3000 AXP, DEC �ilaGlance, DEC OSF/1 CoverDesign AXP, DECaudio, DECchip 21064, DECimage, DECnet, DECNIS, DECpc, DECspin, DECstation, DECvideo, DECwindows, Digital, the Digital logo, GIGASWITCH, HSC50, Dithering and color space conversion are two Megadoc, Open VMS, Open VMS AXP, Q-bus, RA,RV 20, SQL Multimedia, TURBOchannel, of the concepts discussed in "Video Rendering," ULTRIX, UNIBUS, VAX, VAXstation, and VMS. which opens this issue's set of papers on multi­ Apple, Macintosh, and QuickDraw are registered trademarks and QuickTime is a trade­ media technologies. On the cover, the band mark of Apple Computer, Inc. of blue across the bottom of the cover graphic Display PostScript is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems Inc. shO'ws the rectanf!.ularpatterning created DYI and JNDEO are registered trademarks and Intel is a trademark of Intel Corporation. by an ordered dither process using a popular t·ecursive tessellation array The band of bur­ HP is a registered trademark of Hewlett-Packard Company. gundy across the top shows the superior pat­ IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation. terning of the same ot·dered dither process Kodak is a registered trademark of Eastman Kodak Company. with a newly designed void-and-cluster array, Lotus and 1-2-3 are registered trademarks of Lotus Development Corporation. which produces a higher quality image for dis­ Microsoft, M5-DOS, and Excel are registered trademarks and Video for Windows, play by eliminating the rectangular patterns Windows, and Windows NT are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. and the textures of white noise. The line illus­ MIPS is a trademark of MIPS Computer Systems. tration overlayingthese two arrays presents Motif, OSF, and OSF/ 1 are registered trademarks and Open Software Foundation is a two color spaces, one within the other: RGB trademark of Open Software Foundation, Inc. and YUV(lumincmce-chrominance space used Perceptics is a registered trademark and LascrStar is a trademark of Perccptics by television systems; Y axis not shO"wn). In the Corporation. color conversion process, data transmitted SCO is a trademark of Santa Cruz. Operations, Inc. in YUVspace is converted to RGB space. The cover design shows three faces of the RGB Solaris, Sun, and Sun OS are registered trademarks and SPARCstation is a trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. space "lifted off" and infused with the colot·s noted at each comer of the parallelepiped. SPARC is a registered trademark of SPARC International, Inc. System Vis a trademark of American Te lephone and Telegraph Company. The cover concept and illustrations are UNIX is a registered trademark of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. derived from the paper "Video Rendering" X video is a trademark of Parallax Graphics, Inc. by Bob Ulichney The design was imple­ mented by Linda Fa/vella ofQuantic X Window System is a trademark of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Communications, Inc. Book production was clone by Quantic Communications, Inc. I Contents 7 Foreword JohnA. Morse Multimedia 9 Video Rendering Robert Ulichney 19 SoftwareMotion Pictures Burkhard K. Neidecker-Lutz and Robert Ulichney 28 Digital Audio Compression Davis Ye n Pan 41 The Megadoc Image Document Management System Jan B. te Kiefte, Robert Hasenaar,]oop W Mevius, and Theo H. van Hunnik 50 The Design of Multimedia Object Support in DEC Rdb Mark F. Riley, James]. Feenan,)r.,John L.Janosik,Jr., and T. K. Rengarajan 65 DECspin: A Networked Desktop VideoconferencingApplication Lawrence B. Palmer and Rid.)' S. Palmer 77 LAN Addressing for Digital Video Data Peter C. Hayclen Application Control 84 CASE Integration Using ACA Services Paul B. Patrick, Sr. 100 DEC @aGla.nce-Integrationof Desktop Tools and Manufacturing Process Information Systems David Ascher Editor's Introduction I database can not only store this data but provide fast retrieval Mark Riley, Jay Feenan, John Janosik, and T. K. Rengarajan describe DEC Rdb enhance­ ments that support multimedia objects, i.e., text, still frame images, compound documents, and binary large objects. Managing image documents is the subject of a paper by Jan te Kiefte, Bob Hasenaar, Joop Mevius, and 'I'heo van Hunnik. Megadoc is a hardware and software framework fo r building customized image management applications qu ickly and at low cost. They describe the UNIX file system interface to Jane C. Blake drives, a storage manager, ami an image Managing Editor \VORJ'vl application framework. Distributing multimedia over a network presents This issue of the Digital Te chnical jo urnal fe atures both engineering challenges and opportu nities fo r papers on multimedia technologies and applica­ applications. DECspin is a real-time, desktop video­ tions, and on uses of the Appl ication Control conferencing application that operates over LANs or Architecture (ACA), Digital's implementation of the \VANs, using TC P/IP or DECnet protocols. Larry and Object Management Group's CORBA specification. Ricky Palmer present an overview of the DECspin The high quality of today's television, film, and graphical interface. They then address network sound recordings have set expectations for com­ issues of real-time conferencing on non-real-time puter-based multimedia; we expect high-quality networks and a solution to network congestion. images, fast response times, good quality audio, The transmission of fu ll-motion video programs availability-including network transmission, and to multiple users requires adaptations in many aU at "reasonable" cost. Bob Ulichney has written parts of a client-server, LAN environment. Peter about video image- rendering methods that are in Hayden's paper focuses on the specific problem of fact fast, simple, and inexpensive to implement. He efficient allocation of network addresses for the reviews a color rendering system and compares transmission of digital video data on a LAN. He techniques that address the problem of insufficient revie,vs alternatives and describes a technique fo r colors fo r displaying video images. Dithering is one the dynamic al location of mu lticast addresses. of these techniques, and he describes a new algo­ The common theme of the two final papers is rithm which provides good quality color and high­ ACA Services, Digital's implementation of the OMG's speed image rendering. Common Object Request Broker Architecture. Paul The dithering algorithm is utilized in Software Patrick has written an instructive paper on CASE Motion Pictures. SMI' is a method for generating environment development uti I izing ACA. Assuming digital video on desktop systems without the need a multivendor, distributed environment, he dis­ fo r expensive decompression hardware. Burkhard cusses modeling of applications, data, and opera­ Ne idecker-Lutz and Bob Ul ichney discuss issues tions; application interfacing; and environment encountered in designing portable video compres­ management. sion software to
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