Asef Outlook Report 2014/2015 Facts and Perspectives Volume Ii: Perspectives on Sustainable Development
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ASEF OUTLOOK REPORT 2014/2015 FACTS AND PERSPECTIVES VOLUME II: PERSPECTIVES ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ASEF Volume II: Perspectives on Sustainable Development focusses on the future of Asia and Europe in light of trends OUTLOOK REPORT in sustainable development and growth. The publication draws its inspiration from a key theme included in the ASEF OUTLOOK REPORT 2014/2015 VOLUME II: PERSPECTIVES ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 2014/2015 Chair’s Statement of the 9th ASEM Summit in 2012 as FACTS AND well as the key theme of the 10th ASEM Summit in October 2014: “Responsible Partnership for Sustainable Growth PERSPECTIVES and Security”. VOLUME II: The purpose of Volume II is to provide the reader with PERSPECTIVES an overview of the debate on post-2015 sustainable development in ASEM Countries, as well as to offer in- ON SUSTAINABLE depth insights into selected priority areas including poverty DEVELOPMENT and inequality, health, education, quality of growth and employment. This volume concludes with a discussion of governance and financing structures, identifying challenges and offering solutions. Volume II aims to serve FACTS AND PERSPECTIVES as a tool for policy makers and civil society organisations to better understand the trends and forces influencing Asia-Europe relations at present. Finally, by presenting in-depth qualitative analysis, this volume complements the quantitative data provided in Volume I: Facts at a Glance. In partnership with ASEF OUTLOOK REPORT 2014/2015 FACTS AND PERSPECTIVES VOLUME II: PERSPECTIVES ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT APRIL 2015 (REPRINT) Published by: Asia-Europe Foundation (ASEF) 31 Heng Mui Keng Terrace Singapore 119595 Edited by Shaun GAVIGAN, Saskia JUNG, Sunkyoung LEE, and Thierry SCHWARZ Designed and Printed by: Xpress Print Pte Ltd 61 Tai Seng Avenue, #03-03 Crescendas Print Media Hub Singapore 534167 ISBN: 978-981-09-1499-8 Copyright © 2015. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced without the prior permission of the publisher. The selection and compilation of statistics and other data, graphs and figures contained in the volume are the responsibilities of the writers. The views in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM), ASEF, the Government of Norway, the publisher, or the editors of this volume. Table of Contents Preface 01 Executive Summary 04 1 Cross-perception: An Asian View on Recent Developments in Europe 09 Kishore MAHBUBANI 2 Cross-perception: A European View on Recent Developments in Asia 13 Jean- François DI MEGLIO 3 Setting Sustainable Development Priorities 18 4 Can Growth be Sustainable? 31 Yvonne GUO and Thierry SCHWARZ 5 Fighting Poverty and Inequality in Asia and Europe: What Works? 43 Huong LE THU and Thierry SCHWARZ 6 Education for Sustainable Development: 59 Overview and Outlook for ASEM Members Natalie Yan HONG 7 Creative Industries and Their Contribution to Sustainable Development 75 and Economic Growth Tihomir ANDONOV and Dimiter GANTCHEV 8 How to Make Businesses Accountable? 89 The Contribution of Sustainability Reporting Teresa FOGELBERG 9 Sustainable Migration: 102 How to Optimise the Benefits of Labour Migration for ASEM Members? Ratna MATHAI-LUKE 10 Healthcare for Migrants: Does it Pay off? 113 Hanae HANZAWA 11 Climate Change Negotiations in Advance of COP21: Reason for Optimism? 130 Shaun GAVIGAN 12 Governance for Sustainable Development: 151 How to Support the Implementation of SDGs? Ingeborg NIESTROY 13 How to Pay for Sustainable Development? 166 Saskia JUNG and Thierry SCHWARZ About the Contributors 183 VOLUME II: PERSPECTIVES ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Preface to Outlook Report 2014/2015 Preface In 2012, the Asia-Europe Foundation (ASEF) published a first Outlook Report that presented an analysis of Asia-Europe relations and its implications on the Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) process. The two-volume publication included both quantitative indicators on the status quo and a scenario exercise, offering separate but complementary sets of insights into the status and future possibilities for Asia-Europe relations. The publication, entitled ASEM Outlook Report 2012 — Foresight is 20/20: Scenario Building for Policy Analysis and Strategy Development, was designed to feed into the biennial ASEM Summit, which saw of Heads of State and Government meet from 5–6 November 2012 in Vientiane, Lao PDR. The Asia-Europe Foundation (ASEF) is the only permanently established institution of ASEM. Founded in 1997, ASEF is entrusted with the mission to promote understanding, strengthen ASEM is an intergovernmental forum for dialogue and relationships and facilitate cooperation cooperation established in 1996 to deepen relations among the people, institutions and between Asia and Europe, which addresses political, organisations of Asia and Europe. economic and sociocultural issues of common concern. ASEF continues to play the pivotal ASEM brings together 53 members: 30 European and role of providing platforms where 21 Asian countries, the European Union and the ASEAN civil societies can develop and share Secretariat. Indeed, the organisation continues to grow recommendations with the ASEM with Croatia and Kazakhstan’s induction into the 10th governments for their consideration. It ASEM Summit in October 2014. enhances dialogue, enables exchanges ASEM was initiated in 1996 when 26 ASEM leaders met and encourages collaboration across in Bangkok, Thailand. ASEM has arisen out of a mutual the thematic areas of culture, economy, recognition that the relationship between Asia and Europe education, governance, public health needed to be strengthened in light of the challenges and and sustainable development. These opportunities of the 21st century. thematic areas are derived from priorities set by the ASEM leaders, For more information on ASEM, see www.aseminfoboard.org Heads of States and Governments and Ministers. In order to strengthen the ties between the ASEM process and the work of ASEF, ASEF has decided to publish Outlook Reports biennially in conjunction with each ASEM Summit. Published shortly before the ASEM Summit in October 2014, this report seeks to build on key developments that have taken place since 2012 and offers an analysis of major trends in Asia-Europe relations. By offering an analysis of emerging global and regional challenges associated with sustainable growth and development, the publication is targeted at governments and other actors and institutions who contribute to the development of Asia-Europe relations. The report also seeks to contribute to a better understanding among Asian and European countries on how to reshape growth in a way that meets the economic, environmental and social responsibilities required by sustainable development. VOLUME II: PERSPECTIVES ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 1 Preface to Outlook Report 2014/2015 Similar to the Outlook Report 2012, the 2014 publication is divided into two distinct volumes. Volume I presents a set of statistics on all ASEM Countries based on ASEF’s core thematic areas. They include information related to demography, the economy, social development, education, culture, health, energy and carbon emissions. Volume II provides a series of perspectives on the prospects for sustainable growth and development across ASEM Countries for a number of selected topics. While both Volume I and Volume II function as stand-alone publications, they have been designed to complement one another. The narrative chapters of Volume II reference and build on some of the most interesting information revealed in the compilation of statistical data on ASEM Countries presented in Volume I. While the selection of statistical data is based on a desire to cover the most relevant statistics and trends in and between the two regions, specific data sets were added at the request of chapter authors of Volume II. It is envisioned that the inclusion of these supporting statistics allows Volume I to act not only as a reference source but also as a means of complementing the narrative chapters in Volume II. For example, while the chapter on health focusses on the accessibility of healthcare with a particular focus on migrants, the statistics in Volume I give an insight into the health (care) status of the whole population with government health expenditure, immunisation coverage, mortality rates, etc. This publication represents ASEF’s lead contribution to the 10th ASEM Summit that takes place from 16-17 October 2014 in Milan, Italy. The key issues that are addressed in the Outlook Report are closely aligned with the theme of the Summit, Responsible Partnership for Sustainable Growth and Security, and it can be expected that the publication will complement the debate and discussions that will take place during the Summit. In addition, the inclusive nature of the topic of sustainable development makes it the ideal prism through which to project the key thematic areas of culture, economy, education, governance, public health and sustainable development that are the key focus of ASEF’s work. It is hoped that the presentation of the these two volumes will provide interesting and important analyses of trends and developments in Asia-Europe relations that we might expect to witness over the forthcoming years while also allowing the reader to gain insights into ASEF’s work across its key themes. Preface to Volume II Volume II: Perspectives on Sustainable Development takes as its focus the future of Asia and Europe in light of existing and emerging trends in sustainable development and growth.