1962 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - H0USE 16541 - in motorboats shall ._be .U'an$ferred . to the the Department of Defense, certain a.gen:Cies · PRIVATE BmLS AND RESOLUTIONS States for use on projects for improvirig navi­ of the Department of the Interior, the Atozp.iq _Under claus· e· of- x:xn· , priv.ate· .. bills·,· gable waters; to the Committee on Ways and Energy Commission, the St. Lawrence S~away 1 Means. · Development Corporation, the ~nnessee and resolutions were introduced and . By Mr.LANGEN: . Valley Authority and certain river basin . severally referred as follows: · H.R. 12891. A bill to declare Leech Lake, commis,sions for the fiscal year ending June By Mr. BROYHILL: Cass Lake, and Winnibigoshish Lake in the 30, 1963, and for other p-q.rposes. H.R. 12903. A -bill for the relief of Anis State ·of Minnesota to be nonnavlgable waters By Mr. ROSENTHAL·: Butros Sakhleh; to the Committee on the for certain purposes; 1;o the Committee on . H.R. 12901. A bill to amend section 213 Judiciary. Interstate and Foreign Commerce. of the National Housing Act to place the By Mr. FISHER: By Mr.STEED. Federal Housing Administration cooperative H.R. 12904. A bill for the relief of Mrs. H.R. 12892. ·A bill to amend section 203 (j) housing. mor_tgage insurance_ program on a Concetta Cioffi Carson; to the Committee on of the Federal Property and Administrative mutual basis, and to authorize loans to co­ the Judiciary. Services Act of 1949 so as to provide that cer­ operatives under such program for replace­ By Mr. HIESTAND: tain surplus property of the United States ments, improvements, . and repairs; to the . H.R. 12905. A bill for the relief of' Yohann shall be offered for sale to the States; to the Committee on Banking and Currency. (John) Lee; to the Committee on the Committee on Government Operations. H.R. 12902. A bill to reduce the premium Judiciary. By Mrs. DWYER: rates for FHA insurance on cooperative hous­ By Mr. MAILLIARD': H.R. 12893. A bill to authorize the modi­ ing to one-fourth of 1 percent; to the Com- . H.R. 12906. A bill for the relief of Rear fication of· the Newark Bay, Hackensack and mittee on Banking and Currency. Adm. Walter B. Davidson; to tlie Committee Passaic Rivers project relating to mainte- · By Mr. CELLER: on the Judiciary. nance of navigation channels to Port Eliza­ H.J. Res. 851. Joint resolution to amend By Mr. MOORE: beth, N.J.: to the Committee on Public the .act of April 29, 1942, establishing the H.R. 12907. A bill for the relief of Dr. Works. · District of Columbia Recreation Board, to Mehmet Vecihi Kalaycioglu; to the Commit­ By Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN: provide for the restoration and use of the tee on the Judiciary. H.R. 12894. A bill to amend the Railway Belasco Theater on Lafayette Square in the . By Mr. OLSEN: _ Labor Act so as to authorize the President Nation's Capital as a municipal theater as H.R. 12908. A bill for the relief of Joseph to establish boards to resolve jurisdictional proposed by President Kennedy in 1960, to P. Hennessey; to the Committee on the disputes in the air transportation industry, provide that such theater shall be used · Judiciary. and for other purposes; to the Committee on solely as a children's theater and art center Interstate and Foreign Commerce. so as to provide cultural fare superior to By Mr. HAGAN of Georgia: many of the movies and television programs PETITIONS, ETC. H.R. 12895. A bill to establish a Federal seen by millions of ch~ldren today, and to Commission on Alcoholism, and f-Or other provide that such theater shall be known as Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions purposes; to the Committee on Interstate the National Capital Children's Theater and and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk and Foreign Commerce. Art Center; to the Committee on the District and referred as follows: By Mr. MILLS: of Columbia. 400. By the SPEAKER: Petition Of Isa- . H.R. 12896. A bill to amend section 7652 By Mr. McDOWELL: dore Matthews, Washington, D.C., request­ (b) (3) (A) of the Internal Revenue Code of H.J. Res. 852. Joint resolution clarifying ing that the American Communist and Nazi 1954; to the Committee on Ways and Means. the responsibility of the Joint Committee Parties be outlawed-believing that these By Mr. OSMERS: on the Library with respect to historical ex­ so-called parties are an insult to every de­ H.R.12897. A bill to amend the Internal hibits and objects, and other antiquities lo­ cent American anci a disgrace to the memory : Revenue Code of 1954 to repeal th~ manu­ cated in the United States Capitol Building, of all those who gave up their lives in de­ facturers excise tax on pens and mechanical and for other purposes; to the Committee on fense of our beloved country; to the Com­ pencils; to the Committee on -Ways and House Administration. mittee on Un-American Activities. . Means. · By Mr. CANNON: 401. Also, petition of Thomas B. Keys, Or­ BY. Mr. PELLY: H. Con. Res. 513. Concurrent resolution for lando, Fla., relative to the address of the . H.R. 12898. A bill relating to the appoint­ printing additional copies of hearings; to President on July 4, 1962, at Independence ment of the Director and Associate Director the Committee on House Administration. Hall in Philadelphia, in which he stated that of the Federal Bureau of Investigation; to By Mr. SMITH of Virginia: the United States will be ready for a declara­ the Committee on the Judiciary. H. Res. 758. Resolution to amend rule XIII tion of interdependence, and respectfully re­ By Mr. SPENCE: of the Rules of the House of Representatives; · questing the House of Representatives to H.R. 12899. A bill to amend section 5155 to the Committee on Rules. deliberate and debate the propriety of of the Revised Statutes relating to bank By Mr. WESTLAND: whether or not to impeach the President, branches which may be retained upon con­ H. Res. 762. Resolution expressing the sense and whether or not to expel Representative. version or consolidation or merger; to the of the House with respect to the need of SILVIO 0. CONTE-for endorsing the President's Committee on Banking and Currency. Point Roberts in the State of Washington . declaration of interdependence, and any By 'Mr. CANNON: for Federal assistance to combat its eco­ other Representatives who might have made H.R.12900. A bill making appropriations nomic problems; to the Committee on Public like public endorsement; to the Committee for certain civil functions administered by Works. on the Judiciary.

EXTENSIONS OF RE.MAR.KS

President Failed To lnspi.ie the People in edg~ of basic economics, leadership, and increased debt, heavier taxes ($1 billion in-· restoration of confidence. In this he failed, crease in social security next January). He­ His Tele.vised Tax Me$sage He dismissed the threat of inflation,, yet ·he proclaimed the economic drag of present tax; is accelerating spending. and deficit financ­ but proposed no· specific reforms, which he ing. He took pride in the balance of pay­ admits are overdue. EXTENSION OF REMARKS ments, yet the world holds $22 billion in Indeed, this was a speech of alleged per­ OF claims against our $16 billion gold and a formances and promises, not matched by run on the dollar- is imminent when con­ facts. It's time for Americans to ask how HON. BRUCE ALGER fidence is lacking. He announced an much better times would be and will be OF TEXAS extraordinary record in labor peace, which with less government, not more; less spend­ ·IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the facts belie, and he overlooks the strikes ing, not more; less debt, not more; and less against our defense missiles, nuclear, and tax, not more; in short, the plain unvar­ Tuesday, August 14, 1962 space pi;ograms. He .proclaimed our stand­ nished truth of capitalism and private enter­ ing still compared to gi:owth of Germany prise, untramme1ed by paternal government Mr~ ALGER. Mr. Speaker; und~r and Japan, which fa~laciously overlooks and the regimentation and planning of Pres.. leave to extend m'Y remarks, I would lik~ our tremendously high economic base and 1dent Kennedy and the New Frontiersmen to include the following statement I the war devastation of those countries. He disclaims wild spending, overlooking the (like Schlesinger) who believe that ••demo• issued ta the press exp.ressing my. views 'cratic socialism" must replace -capitalism on. President .Kennedy'.s discussion increased outlays outside defense, and the of .cost of many new programs, some of which and· freedom . taxes and the economy: he outlined-public- works, food stamps, I concur with a statement issued by my ' Tb:e harm done to .American economy· and 'education' ' aid, etc ...:..-and then . erroneously colleague, TdM CURTIS of Missouri; in -which - .. business men ·and women oy the. President pictured fiscal .responsibility as a · percentage he · pointed out the riggect ·econbmic statis­ .'can:bnlyLbe undone· by"hlm through·"knowl- of gr0ss· national product, . overlooklng· tlie "t.ics contained in the·speech: The American CVIII--1042 16542 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE August 14 people deserve something better than the being transformed at an unbelievably rapid life far different and far less !iesirable than empty promises of the President's speech rate. Our modern society is challenged by our own. and hope for the future based on inaccu­ many serious social, economic, and political While the Soviet constitution promises racies. problems. This is a fact known to all of many personal liberties, they do not exist us. in actual practice. Soviet imperialism stands However, do we realize that the problems out today as the greatest menace to world we face today reflect the rapid transition peace. Mount Carmel Centennial at Mount which is all around us? Since 1939 the Communists have grabbed Carmel, Pa. It is common belief that changes in our more than one-fourth of the inhabited land way of life come gradually; that life differs area of the world. The Communists con­ but little from one generation to another. trol more than one-third of the world's peo­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS Tms was true in earlier centuries. But to­ ple. The methods employed by the Soviet OF day we find the world undergoing such rapid Union to sieze control of defenseless coun­ changes that perhaps a contemporary of tries include propaganda, sabotage, infiltra­ HON. JAMES E. VAN ZANDT Abraham Lincoln would be more at home tion, and outright war. OF PENNSYLVANIA in ancient Rome than in present day Wash­ America must be capable of dealing with IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ington, D.C. these underhanded tactics. Our Govern­ A healthy nation requires that its citizens ment cannot be too loose, too slow, too in­ Tuesday, August 14, 1962 shall recognize the social and economic efficient. Mr. VAN ZANDT. Mr. Speaker, the changes and make the best possible use of But we must move with concentrated ef­ citizens of Mount Carmel, Pa., celebrated new mechanical advantages. fort to face these problems. We must set the centennial of the founding of their At the same time we are privileged to re­ definite goals, follow long-range plans, and member that the basic documents that exert united action for a concerted effort to city on August 12. I was given the honor shaped our Government will survive change. achieve clearly formulated objectives. of delivering the Americanism address It is, therefore, for us to combine the herit­ America now faces the test of an era in on this historic occasion. age of the past with the changes of tomor­ which, as I have previously stated, the pace Under leave to extend my remarks in row to make for a stronger America. and scope of change are unprecedented. De­ the RECORD, I submit the program and Many forms of republics have been created votion to Americanism rests on knowledge of the text of my speech: by the peoples of many lands in the history our way of life, that the ultimate source of our strength is the devotion of Americans ADDRESS BY REPRESENTATIVE JAMES E. VAN of the struggle for human rights. From a political point of view a republic has meant to our own heritage and the determination ZANDT, MEMBER OF CONGRESS, 20TH DlsTRicr to preserve it. OF PENNSYLVANIA, AT THE MOUNT CARMEL government by a majority of the people. The majority ~ule has been achieved by "President Lincoln," according to Carl CENTENNIAL ON AUGUST 12, 1962, AT MOUNT Sandburg, "enjoyed quoting the Irishman CARMEL, PA. means of universal suffrage and representa­ tive government. who said 'In this country every man is as To be asked to speak at this historic cen­ As an ideal it is more than a mere form good as the next one and for the matter of tennial celebration is indeed a high honor. of government. It not only means the par­ that a little better.' I want you to know I appreciate it. The ticipation of the people in public affairs "We are· men, not angels, that is sure. record shows that Mount Carmel, Pa., was through their elected representatives, it im­ "Also we hope we are men and not mice. incorporated from Mount Carmel Township plies that there will emerge out of popular "And sometimes we feel like worms of the on November 3, 1862, and that both are sovereignty a beneficial type of social orga.­ dust, doing the best we can, moving a little named for the biblical mountain in Pales­ nization. Our form of government places a soil of the earth from where it was to where tine. responsibility upon the people to control it will be." Yours is a proud heritage. Local history public policy. It demands that they pro­ These words by Sandburg indicate that per­ further advises that the Cartright family was duce a social organization that will give sonal liberty to an American has a special sig­ one of the first to settle here. every member of society an opportunity to nificance. The Cartrights were closely followed by develop his personal capabilities to the full­ We place great emphasis on our indi­ Lawrence Lamerson who made the first sub­ est extent. vidual liberty, on such rights as freedom of stantial improvements on a tract of 406 Representative governments throughout speech, on the right ·to do and act as we acres granted to him on September 18, 1792. the world have been facing serious crises. please under laws which "we the people" This tract was called Mount Carmel. Nearly all European governments have been .have .made. Richard Yarnell was the next and then undermined or menaced by fascism, com­ Most important, we have access to the came Felix Lerch. The latter leased the munism, and war. truth on all questions; we may hear all Mount Carmel Inn, first opened in 1824. America not only faced a serious interna­ sides. The town sprang up around the King's tional situation in the Second World War, I would like to emphasize that we should Highway and grew rapidly. Nature had pro­ it continued after the war to be challenged have faith. We should understand that in vided an excellent deposit of coal in this by complicated problems both abroad and at a democracy we often move slowly, because area and with the resources of the land and home. The end of World War II found ter­ legal processes must move slowly. Purges, the industry of the pidneer we can now look rible devastation and chaos in all the coun­ lies and killings are quick. back upon a proud history. · tries of Europe and Asia that had been en­ The most effective way to fight commu­ Yours was the first town in the world to nism is to be a true American. It has al­ gaged in conflict. ways been the way of Americans to risk the be lighted exclusively by electricity. Thomas The Communists seized upon this situa­ A. Edison completed some of his earliest abuse of the privilege of freedom rather than tion and began waving the red banner, suppress those who so abuse it. Our Bill of experiments in Mount Carmel and the third promising a better life for all those who plant of the Edison System was erected here Rights, which guarantees our freedom, must followed the Communist pattern. But com­ be taken seriously. November 17, 1883. munism has been a world movement from its I say in deepest reverence that we should earliest days. Marx and Lenin in their Our American way of life thrives on the thank God for the heritage which is ours­ thinking and planning divided the world in­ challenge of new ideas. Our enemies watch not only in the Commonwealth of Pennsyl­ and weigh our every action, every incident to two irreconcilable camps. of suppression, bigotry, and discrimination. vania-but throughout the entire United The one camp was the Socialist or Com­ States. Thus it is indeed appropriate that Soviet propagandists saturate billions of munist group, the other the capitalist. listeners with what they call the ruthless­ today we discuss Americanism. They had forseen great conflicts between the Americanism is a favorite subject of mine. ness of American capitalists and the · big two before communism would win out in the American life. I have an abiding faith in the heritage world. The American heritage will survive if we which is ours, but not ours to claim without Stalin realized it would require the entire bring to bear upon the solution of America's self-discipline and hard work. It is our re­ productive capacity of the Soviet Union problems, informed intelligence, and convic­ sponsibility and privilege to keep alive the plus the cooperation of Communists every­ tions based on justice. patriotic spirit that was the creed of our where to achieve world communism. He It is healthy that we should ask ourselves Founding Fathers. We are constantly re­ then united the people of the U.S.S.R. in a why our sacred national documents have sur­ minded that the era in' which we now live program to develop and maintain a war vived the test of time. For example, the is a period of rapid social change. It is economy. He proclaimed the doctrine of best test of the greatness of the Declaration variously described as the power age, the "capitalist encirclement." He believed no of Independence, both in matter and in ex­ . empire of machines, the age of speed, the Communist state could be safe from the in­ pression, lies in the terrific ordeal to which era of change, and the atomic age. fluence of capitalist countries until all non­ it has ]?een put. All these phrases. aptly characterize our Communist countries had been destroyed. For more than a century and a half the age, but one carries more si~iflcance per­ He believed that any aggression, war, if Declaration has been read at gatherings of haps than the rest, namely 'the era of need be, was justifiable if ~t _extended com­ perspiring citizens at Independence Day ob­ change. Human society is now undergoing munism in the world. The present Red servances amid fl.reworks and orations. Yet, the most sweeping transformation in its empire represents the biggest "grab" in mod­ even under those circumstances, when read history. Our entire pattern of living is ern history. We know Russia has a way of intelligently the dignity, the lofty aspire.- 1962 cq~GRESSIONAL REC()RD_-_ HOCSE 16543 . tions, . and the marvelous style of the Decla- The Land-Grant Centennial Certainly, in our State we have bene­ ration have triumphed. · · · fited_from the. fine work that has been They have triumphed, too, over the cl"iti• I cism which begii:ining with that of .John EXTENSION OF REMARKS done by . our ~and:-grant college.. the Adams in · the committee which ·franred it, . OJ' Washington State University: · Oh this has been leveled at its originality; its rh~to­ 100-year anniversary I pay tribute· to rical structure, and its political philosophy. HON. CATHERINE MAY all land-grant colleges in general and to What has saved the Declaration of Inde­ OP WASHINGTON our own Washington State University; in pendence has been the realization that in a particular with these words o{ Jonathan br-ief space Jefferson wrote the creed of a new IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Swift: political faith. Tuesday, August 14, 1962 It is faith in humanity, not as members of That whoever couid make two ears of a caste or an order, but as citizens of a Mrs. MAY. Mr. Sp~ker, this year corn, or two blades of grass, to grow upon republic. Representatives of every shade of we are observing an important anniver­ a spot of ground where only one grew be­ religious belief were in that assemblage. The sary, the significance of which has been fore, would deserve better of mankind, and men who signed that document were in every widely recogni?;ed. do more essential service to his country, sense the sponsors of our American way of than the whole race of politicians pu't to­ 11fe, sponsors of a new type of citizenship. One hundred years ago President Abra­ gether. One of the· usual mistakes in the consid­ ham Lincoln, in spite of his crushing eration of Americans, especially by those who load of military decisions, found the time do not know our way of life, is to think of to give thought to quite another kind of Land-Grant Act Has Had Immense us as though we are all alike. They presume document among those heaping his desk. that our democracy has reduced us to com­ The document he signed into law was lnftuence plete uniformity. the Morrill bill, creating the land-grant As a matter of fact it has produced the most highly individualized race in the colleges. It may have been because of EXTENSION OF REMARKS world's history. Our personal. individuality other pressing decisions that seemed so OF in meeting the struggle for existence comes importa~t at the time, but the Presi­ partially from the training of the pioneer. dent's action on that day passed almost HON. JULIA BUTLER HANSEN He had to meet conditions for which there without notice. The Morrill Act, how­ OF WASHINGTON were no precedents-and he met them ever, has become the most important IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES through individual initiative. single piece of Federal legislation in the Tuesday, August 14, 1962 The epic of our Nation with its liberty un­ history of American education. It has der law, its many different faiths and na­ Mrs. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, as a tional origins, its schools and churches, its led to the establishment of 68 unique clubs and free associations, its rights and land-grant colleges and universities in­ member of the House Committee on responsibilities, that epic is one which we cluding Washington State University, Education and Labor, I would like to proudly cherish. Many persons, unfortu­ and such other honored and distin­ join my colleagues who have paid tribute nat_ely, forget that the blessings they receive guished institutions as · the Universities to an act of Congress which is now more hav~ come down to them through the bitter- of California, _ Illinois, and Maryland, than 100 years old but whose influence is ness of several wars. · Rutgers, Purdue, and the Massachusetts far greater than was dreamed of when There has _been a tendency on the part of the law was passed. some to shun their responsibi11ties as citi­ Institute of Technology. zens and react indifferently to the vital needs My purpose in observing the lOOth an­ I refer to the Morrill, or Land-Grant of our. country. niversary of the enactment of the Morrill Act of 1862. It was finally enacted after · It is through the cracks of this forget­ Land-Grant Act is not merely to make a 5-year legislative battle and signed fulness and indifference that the elements into law by President Lincoln during the seeking to destroy can infiltrate. passing reference to an anniversary, .but to show that .actions taken by the Fed­ midst of the Civil War despite the fact Our Nation, therefore, will measure its that President Buchanan vetoed an - success in a distinctive _way. In the last eral Government today will oftentimes analysis it will judge itself by the character reach far into the future in shaping the earlier version which he called uncon­ of the men and women who make it up and lives of Americans yet unborn. stitutional. While Senator 'Justin Smith the goals they strive to achieve. In the end In 1862 only 1 young American in Morrill was responsible for pushing the it is the individual, his self-awareness, his 1,500 went to college. Today one in three land-grant legislation through Congress, personal powers, his acceptance of the re­ attend. The land-grant system has be­ a Yale-educated teacher in Illinois, Jon­ sponsib111ties of citizenship, that will nurture come the Nation's largest. single source athan BaldWiri Turner, was the man our American way of life for the generations who first aroused people to the necessity who follow us. of trained and educated manpower. Today's land-grant colleges enroll 20 per­ for public higher education and helped to draw up plans for achieving this ideal. AMERICANISM PROGRAM, MOUNT CARMEL, PA., cent of all U.S. college students. They CENTENNIAL, SUNDAY, AuGusT 12, 1002 confer 40 percent of all the doctor's During the lOQ-year period, 1862 to Master of ceremonies, Mr. Arthur A. Bressi. degrees awarded in tl;lis country. 1962, the organization and scope of op­ Invocation, Rev. Robert G. Detwiler. Through their ROTC programs, these erations in this nationwide system of Greetings by the mayor, Hon. Lawrence R. · institutions provide almost half of all publicly supported higher education has Joyce. h R developed to keep pace with the expand~ Greetings by centennial chairman, Dr. t e Regular and eserve officers in the Robert E. Allen. Armed Forces. Twenty-five of the forty- ing Nation. Although the present 68 Americanism address, congressman JAMES two living American Nobel Prize win- land-grant colleges and universities represent only 3.4 percent of the institu­ E. VAN ZANDT. J ners have earned degrees from land- Concert, Miss Marie Powers, world famous grant institutions. tions of higher learning in the United opera .star, accompanist, ;Mr. George Cory. Research at these colleges and univer­ States, they enroll nearly one-fifth of Selections: "The Lord's Prayer," Maillot; "My - sities brought the development of the the Nation's college population, award 21 Days Have Been So Wondrous Fair" Hop- fi - · · · · percent of all baccalaureate degrees, kinson (this was the first American s~ng ever rst cyclotr?n, television tu~e. transistor, grant 25 percent of all master's degrees written on our shores, and was dedicated to tl~e production of pure uraruum, and the our first. President, Gen. George Washing- discovery of such won_der drugs as strep­ and confer 40 percent of all doctorate ton); "Peace of Mind," Cross-Cory (composer tomycin, stilbestrol, and dicumarol. The degrees. at the piano); "Song for t.he Lonely," wn- ceramics, soybean, and woodpulp in­ In my home State of Washington our lian Grant Still (America's first Negro com- dustries all have their start in land- . land-grant college, Washington State poser of opera); "The Hero," Menotti; "O grant colleges University at Pullman, is doing outstand­ Mio Fernando" (from La Favorita), Donl- · . zetti· "Air of Dido" Purcell . But perhaps the greatest impact these ing work in preparing the young people Be~ediction, M~t Rev. L~wrence F. Schott, institutions have had is in the field of of the State for useful and productive D.D., li.L.D. agriculture. .In 1862 the farmer pro- lives. It is interesting that the first "Battle Hymn of the Republic," .Marie duced enough for himself and only four State legislature in Washington, in the Powers, soloist; Mount Carmel High School others. Today he provides enough for year 1890 chartered the Washington Band and centennial chorus conducted by Edmund Nejaimey. · 26 others. Land-grant coll~ge research State Agricultural College and School of National anthem. . . provided the key that unlocked the Science,- following receipt of 90,000 acres· Organ and_piano through the courtesy of technological advanc.es that made Ani.er- of pub~ic - land as a.n endo\vment for an Parenzan's, Shampkin. _ ican agriculture. the envy of the world. agricultural college a year earlier~ 16544. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE August 14 Alumni bear witness to the quality of ers in the social studies department in of Gov. Nelson Rockefeller, followed only a university's education. Edward R. the Yonkers secondary schools wrote an two precepts: Where there is a Republi­ Murrow, Director of the U.S. Informa­ excellent booklet entitled "Yonkers can in office keep him there and create tion Service, is a graduate of Washing­ Through the Years." This material was as many new "Republican districts" as ton State where he delivered the com­ first run as a serial in the Yonkers you can. They never heard of symmetry.· mencement address last June. Dr. Herald-Statesman, and the cost of print­ They seem not to have heard of identity Philip H. Abelson, director of the geo­ ing it in booklet form was underwritten of social and economic interests or for physical laboratory of the Carnegie I'n­ by the People's Savings Bank of Yonkers. that matter, historical proximity, They stitution, is also on Washington State's Such cooperation between the schools, just have heard of votes. roster of distinguished alumni. Henry the press, and the business comniunity is One of the worst aberrations of this Townley Heald, distinguished president an excellent example of what local com­ current reapportionment is the newly of the Ford Foundation is still another munities can accomplish by and for created 24th Congressional District. well-known graduate. Washington State themselves, unaided by the intervention Based on the old 25th Congressional Dis­ University is keeping step with the or assistance of any outside authority. trict, it has been cleverly redrawn to keep times in quality of instruction and fa­ I wish to commend all those whose joint many of our neighbors out-because cilities. Recently dedicated have been efforts resulted in the publication of they usually vote Democratic. The the E. C. Johnson Hall for the study of "Yonkers Through the Years," and to people of lower economic levels are plant sciences; a new engineering build­ commend it to all of my colleagues in eliminated, also those who normally vote ing, Royal Sloan Hall; Fulmer Hall ad­ the Congress. I am sure that schoolchil­ Democratic were eliminated from the dition, dedicated to chemistry labora­ dren for many years to come will greatly district. The New York Times in an edi­ tories. Biological sciences also have a benefit from their increased knowledge torial describes this district as a "slight­ new home at Frederick D. Heald Hall. of the history of their own hometown. ly tattered gingham dog; except for a The land-grant influence has spread scrawny neck, its head is separated from overseas far beyond the shores of the its body by a narrow sliver of the ad­ United States. Washington State Uni­ joining 24th District. Its tail wags versity has been working, under an AID Is the Gerrymandering in New York feebly in Long Island Sound and one ear contract, with the University of Punjab State Illega! 1 juts .into neighboring Westchester and others in Pakistan to help raise the County." quality of programs in agriculture, en­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS The district lines try to ignore as the gineering, education, business adminis­ OF New York Times points out, the fact that tration, and home economics at the uni­ in. the last 1 O years, this area has been versity level. To help this program, HON. ALFRED E. SANTANGELO the scene of a great deal of building ac­ Pakistani faculty are studying for ad­ OF NEW YORK tivity. Not only have many new apart­ vanced degrees on the Pullman campus. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ment houses .been built, but a number I will not attempt to describe the im­ of new Governnient-subsidized housing mense influence of the land-grant Tuesday, August 14, 1962 projects have been developed in this schools on the social and economic de­ Mr. SANTANGELO. Mr. Speaker, re- vicinity. velopment of life in the United States. cent decisions by the Supreme Court The Albany supporters of the Repub­ My colleagues have presented most of held that discrimination in reapportion- lican boss of Bronx County seemingly this information. But I am glad to add ment of districts electing Federal and worked on the assumption that only Re­ my voice to those raised in honor of this state legislators are within the jurisdic- publicans OVfn their own homes or per­ significant milestone in education and to tion of the Supreme Court. Several- haps that only Democrats like to live i'n say that we in Washington are proud States have been ordered to equalize apartments. It is up to us to show them of our land-grant university and its con­ the vote under the threat of invalidating that they are wrong to believe so strongly tributions to our State. the reapportionment or the f allure to in their economic labels. Maybe only reapportion·. New York State is one of the rich are Republicans, but many re­ the Worst Off enders Of the gerrymander- spectably affluent homeowners, or maybe ing of congressional districts and the just hard-working people who own their Yonkers Through the Years Republican-dominated State legislature own homes, can still stick to their prin­ has failed to reapportion the State leg- ciples and remain Democrats. EXTENSION OF REMARKS islative districts. Over 100 years ago, Eldridge Gerry, OF One of the enterprising citizens, Mr· of Massachusetts, brought the system of Peter Strauss, the owner of station districting for political purposes to such HON. ROBERT R. BARRY WMCA, has appealed to the courts in a degree of. infamy that it bears his name OF NEW YORK an effort to prove that discrimination to this day. Many Americans who have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES exists in the present apportionment of heard of "gerrymandering'; have forgot­ Tuesday, August 14, 1962 legislative seats. The Democratic Party ten that Elbridge Gerry was a member leadership in New York County and pri- of the Constitutional Convention arid Mr. BARRY. Mr. Speaker, history, vate citizens have also applied to the one of the Ambassadors to Ftance who like charity, should begin at home. Our Federal court to eliminate the discrim- upheld our honor during the X-Y-Z af- · youngsters, as they pursue their studies inatory congressional reapportionment. fair. in high school and college, are as a mat- Two of th e seat s in M an h a ttan h ave Today his name and memory i''s ta1'nted ter of course exposed to both world and been e11·m·n t d nd · h th I a e a masmuc as e by the stigma of political chicanery. Let · national history. . Far_ too. often, how- Republicans C'''ntrolled the New y 0 rk ever, the history of their- own commu- state LegIS· lature· "" the appo t" nm t f those who have foisted the current d1"s- • r 10 en ° tricts on New York remember and be- nity remains to · them-as to many of congress1·onal seats wa s d one m· sueh a ware. Meanwhile it is up to us to prove their elders-an almost t?tal mystery. way aS to favor the Republican incum- that crime does not pay, whether it is a Often the fault for this lack of local bents or to. make difficult the election knowledge does not lie with the State , of Democrats. political crime or a felony. or the school, but with the scarcity of Mr. Speaker, the Democrats of the Meanwhile each one of us has a re- . appropriate study material. Such was, newly created 24th Congressional Dis- sponsibility as well, and that is to prove until recently, the case with Yonkers, trict have a very special job on their that a man with a pencil cannot make N.Y., a city which it is my privilege to hands. It is to show the little man with us ~to a perm~nent minority vainly represent in the Congress. Although the pencil up in Albany that it takes castmg our votes ma Republican strong­ the Education Department of the State more than a Rockymandered district to · hold. We are not goi~ to be forced into of New York reqtiires that boys and girls keep Democratic candidates out of office. living under a one-party system in a study the history of their local commu- When the reapportionment made Democratic city in a Democratic nation. - nities in the seventh grade, most of the necessary by the 1960 census was put The Republican boss of Bronx County historical material at hand was beyond into effect, new district lines had to be must indeed have·little faith in his own the reach of those in that age group. To drawn and the Republican Party gentle- abiliti.es to feel that this is the only · remedy this situation, a group of teach- men who drew them, under the tutelage way he can win. Let us show him that 1962 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - -HOUSE 16545' while lie may be right about li~s abilities, appointments are necessary and I not· tained' will better enable me to ':represent. he is wrong about us. We are still living only welcome, but I urge individuals to the people of the 23d District in the_ · under a two-party.system and no walls meet with me on the date and at the Congress. · ·· or artificiai barriers can contain people place most convenient. Every resident I ani most thankful for the ·fine co­ yearning to be free and to choose their of the 23d District is cordially invited to operation of the many official.S who have representative_s freely. talk over problems of national concern, made these meeting places available as to discuss personal problems with the an aid in rendering this public service .. Federal Government, or just to get better Following is the schedule for these of­ acquainted. The knowledge thus ob- fice conferences: Minshall Traveling Office To M~ke Annual District Visit Community Location Date Time­ p.m. EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF Lakewood ______Lakewood City Hall, 12650 Detroit Monday, Oct. g___ 2 to 4:30. Ave. Westlake, Bay Village, North Olmsted ____ Westlake City Hall, 27216 Hilliard _____ do ______6:30 to 9. HON. WILLIAM E. MINSHALL Blvd. OF OHIO Berea, Olmsted Falls, Olmsted Township, Berea City Hall, 57 East Bridge St____ Tuesday, Oct. 9_ __ 2 to 4:30. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Westview. · Rocky River, Fairview Park, Parkview _ __ Rocky River City Han;21012 Hilliard _____ do._------6:30 to 9. Tuesday, August 14, 1962 Blvd. Parma Heights, Brookpark, Linndale, Parma Heights City Hall, 6281 Pearl Wednesday, 2 to 4:30. Middleburgh Heights, North Royalton, Rd. Oct.10. Mr. MINSHALL. Mr. Speaker, for Strongsville. the past 8 years it has been my privilege Independence, Brecksville, Broadview In~ei~~nce City Hall, 6675 Brecks- _____ do______6:30 to 9. and honor to represent the people of the Heights, Brooklyn Heights, Cuyahoga Heights Seven Hills. ·_ 23d Congressional District of Ohio in Chagrin Falls, Bentleyville, Glenwillow, Chagrin Falls Village Hall, 21 West Thursday, Oct. lL 2 to 4:30. the Congress of the United States. As a Moreland Hills, Solon. Washington St. • Warrensville Heights, North Randall, Or­ Warrensville Heights City Hall, 4301 _____ do______6:30 to 9. Representative of this outstanding dis­ ange, Warrensville Township, Wood­ Warrensville Center Rd. trict, I have made every effort not only mere. Shaker Heights, Beachwood, Hunting Val­ Shaker Heights City Hall, 3400 Lee Friday, Oct. 12 ____ 2 to 4:30. to be well informed of the opinions of ley, Pepper Pike, University Heights. Rd. the people through personal contact and Maple Heights, Bedford, Bedford Heights, Maple Heights City Hall, 5353 Lee Rd ______do______6:30 to 9. use of opinion polls, but also to be of the Oakwood, Valley View, Walton Hills. · greatest possible service to persons hav­ ing problems dealing with Federal agencies and_departments. To help ac­ German-American Cooperation: The Case under a burden of problemi which would disappear if the halves were fitted together complish this, I maintain on a year­ for Noblesse Oblige as complements. round basis a congressional omce in The man from Mars would find some 5 ¥2 room 525 of the Federal Building in EXTENSION OF REMARKS percent of the U.S. work force out of work. downtown Cleveland where I can meet In Western Europe, on the contrary, there is with people personally during trips back OF superfull employment and acute labor short-. to the district when my omcial duties HON .. HENRY S. REUSS . ages in some countries. Germany, for ex­ permit. WP.He I am in Washington, a ample, has more than twice · as many job OF- WISCONSIN opportunities as there are unemployed, de­ competent staff is in charge of the Cleve­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTA'r!VES spite the import of labor from neighboring land omce . . countries. A further service to the people of the Tuesday, August 14, 1962 · He would find that U.S. economic growth 23d District is my Washington Report ·Mr. REUSS. Mr. Speaker, I include has been lagging along at a rate less than which; in newsletter ·form, periodically in the RECORD an article which I wrote 3 percent per year, but would conclude that presents the major legislative activities for the August 1962 issue of Aussen Poli­ the economy. has a great potential for more of Congress, background information on rapid growth in a huge manpower reserve, tik, the German journal on foreign af­ idle capacity, and relatively steady increases the issues that confront the Nation, and fairs, on the need for German initiative in productivity. Western Europe has in the Capitol Hill opinion. and leadership in Europe in reducing tar­ past decade grown at double the U.S. rate, During my service in the Congress, I iffs, increasing foreign aid, and helping but shortages of labor and industrial ca­ have considered it of primary importance to solve the international payments dis­ pacity, combined with growing public, busi­ to be present at the Capitol whenever equilibrium. The text of the article fol­ ness, and consumer demands, threaten to Congress is in session in order to partici­ lows: convert· growth into price infiation. The man from Mars would see that Amer­ pate in committee work and to vote on GERMAN-AMERICAN ECONOMIC COOPERATION; icans, though they eat well and cheaply, still important legislation. This year with THE CASE FOR NOBLESSE OBLIGE struggle with mountainous farm surpluses Congress in nearly continuous session, I The decade of the fifties was one in which produced by the most efficient agriculture have not been able, with intervening Ap­ the United States reaped the fruit of its in the world. In Western Europe, food propriations Committee- work, to return investment in Western Europe. After the prices are rising-more than 6 percent in to Cleveland as much as I should have clouds of the Suez crisis had cleared, Eu­ some countries during 1961-with much of liked. Therefore, in accordance with rope's economic renaissance was revealed in the increase attributable to higher subsidies all its strength. The United States looked paid to costly systems of agriculture. Our the practice I imtiated 8 years ago, I am forward to a new period in which the At:;. visitor would be incredulous to .discover that bringing a traveling office to the variou8 lantic nations would use their unparalleled the Common Market is determined to insti­ communities in the 23d District. This resources to spark a new surge of progress tutio~alize this least efficient part of its method of meeting ·with the public has in the free world. economy and to forgo the benefits of Amer- been tremendously popular and it gives The realities today fall somewhat short of ican agricul~ural efficiency. . me an excellent opportunity to discuss this expectation. Indeed, the effective He would find that the United States has and learn at firsthand the opinions and strength of the free world may have been vast and efficient plants which can turn out individual needs of the people. climinished in the past few years for, though huge quantities of consumers durable Europe has continued to add to its strength, goods-from clothes driers, dishwashers, and · With the·- expectation that Congress the United States has failed to keep in step. garbage disposers, to air conditioners, TV will not be in session during the early The irony is that much of the problem sets, and a great array of other household part of October, I will again this year, need not exist. electrical appliances. But the U.S. market from October 8 through October 12, bring If the man from Mars were to descend is highly saturated with many of these ap­ my traveling office to the people of the suddenly into our world, he would be as· pliances-the saturation ratios are said to 23d District to make myself available to astonished at our condition as we would be be as high as 89 percent for TV sets; 96 per• meet personally every resident of this at his appearance. He would find few who cent for radios; 98 percent for refrigerators: disputed the need for cooperation between and 91 percent for washing ma.chines. Thus, suburban district who can conveniently the United States and prosperous Europe to much of America's capacity stands idle.· arrange to visit me. These are not group advance their own interests as well as that In Europe, the man from Mars would find meetings but omce conferences for indi­ of the.poorer members of the free world com­ that capacity for supplying these goods is viduals which will enable them to discuss munity. But _he would find the two halves limited just at the time ·When rising personal their views and problems directly. No of the Atlantic Community limping along incomes presage a great boom in consumer

/ 16546 CONGRESSIONAL :RECORD - HOUSE August 14·· demand. For unllke the-majority of Ameri­ justifies an expanded program. With a large Through the recent supplementary credit can fam111es, European households are far and growing aid contribution of its own, agreement, $6 billion--$4 b1llion in non­ from having satisfied their wants for these Germany's counsel in the Development As­ dollar currencies-has been added to IMF re­ consumers' conveniences and luxuries. Mar­ sistance Committee of the OECD could carry serves, which could be borrowed by any of ket saturation ratios in the slx countries of great weight ln urging the other industrial the 10 participating countries in case of the Commori Market are estimated to be only countries to increase their ald efforts. emergency. Although this agreement and 10 percent for TV sets; 20 percent for radios; , Apart from lending or giving money, the various informal arrangements among the 12 percent for refrigerators; and 12 percent German people could work together with the central banks to prevent violent exchange­ for clothes washing. machines. Americans in establishing an international rate fluctuations help considerably in dimin­ The man from Mars would boggle at the peace corps. The possib111ty of harnessing ishing sudden liquidity crises, they do not spectacle of continued large annual deficits the energies and enthusiasm of talented go to the heart of the U.S. balance-of-pay­ in the U.S. balance of payments while equally German yo~th in such a people-to-people ments difficulties. Similarly, the German large payments surpluses piled up in Western aid program was explored in preliminary dis­ advance debt repayment in 1961 of $587 Europe. Yet he would find that the Common cussions of a year ago in which the writer million was extremely helpful in reducing Market countries with the largest surpluses participated. ,As Americans can testify, this the 1961 U.S. deficit, but it was a one-time plan to keep quite high tariffs against the direct contact with the peoples of the de­ benefit for the United States. outside world which will further add. to veloping countries is at least as rewarding to The dimensions of the basic problem are their surpluses and the deficits of other the aiders as to those aided. It gives the suggested by the fact that U.S. military ex­ countries. givers insight into problems which our young penditures in Europe alone come to $1.5 bil­ By this time, our unbelleving observer people will soon inherit. And Germany, like lion per year and that U.S. net private long­ might clutch hi~ forehead and say: "Why the United States, needs the widest public term investment in Europe adds another don't these foolish mortals put two and two understanding of world problems if it is to outflow of $1 billion per year. together? The United States could eliminate safeguard itself from dangerous isolationism There are a variety of measures which unemployment and achieve a higher growth in the future. European countries ·could take. Two have rate by supplying the goods that Western Another German aid specialty lies in her been mentioned above. Increasing long-term Europe needs. Western Europe could main­ own remarkable post-World War II achieve­ loans and grants to poorer countries, on an tain full employment and continue to raise ment in democracy-honest courts, a work­ untied basis, and increasing exports would wages without risking inflation by importing ing parliament, a free press, and an incor­ greatly help the United States, as would goods to supply rising demand. In so doing, ruptible civil service. The heritage of Vom picking up a larger.share of the U.S. oversea the United States and Western Europe would Stein ls not without its relevance today. m1litary burden. German purchases of arms right the present payments imbalance, and In trade, Germany together with the Bene­ in the United States are now increasing. together they could turn their attention lux countries should continue to take the Germany and the other Common Market outward to the solution of their common leadership in the Common Market for a sub­ countries could also work vigorously to es­ problems." stantial unilateral reduction of quota re­ tablish a long-term capital market adequate From the American point of view, what ls strictions and tariffs. The recent initiative for their own needs. It ls not appropriate, good for Europe's short-run interest cannot of the Common Market to reduce coffee and in its present payments position, for the be the sole criterion today, any more than cocoa tariffs by 40 percent is. a step in the United States to continue to be the major narrow self-interest could have sufficed for right direction, but reductions are essential source of large-scale foreign investment U.S. policy in the immediate postwar period. over a much wider range of industrial and loans. The $25 million European Coal-Steel The boundaries and interests of the free agricultural products. _ Community bond issue floated in Wall Street world are broader than those of the Common What does it profit Germany or France to in May 1962, is a case in point. Market or, indeed of the Atlantic community. protect inefficient coal mines 1 or costly agri­ Since this ls so, any major economic or culture if it aggravates an acute labor short­ Germany might also consider using fiscal political decision taken in Europe, as well as age, and industrial growth lags for lack of stringency-more taxes or less spending­ in the United States, should, in the American labor? How will the Common Market coun­ somewhat more, and high interest rates view, be measured in terms of the welfare tries gain if wage increases continue and a somewhat less, as a means of combating of the entire free world community-Africa·, deficiency of consumers' goods forces up inflation. Somewhat lower private interest Asia, and South America, as well as Europe prices into an inflationary spiral? A higher rates would encourage German lenders to and North America. The economic obliga­ level of Common Market imports would be as lend abroad, and German borrowers to bor­ tions of a prosperous Europe, like those of beneficial to the Common Market now as it row at home. Lower interest rates .abroad the United States, include the responsibility would be for the United States and many would permit the United States to have to see to it that the growth of one is not at other countries. Moreover, in the long run, lower interest rates, and more economic the expense of the other or of the free world any action permitting a higher level of U.S. growth, with less danger of losing capital to at large. Beyond this, there is the overriding exports to Europe now--consumer durables, other countries. mutual obligation to assist the growth of machinery, coal, paper products, food-will A reduction in the Common Market's ex­ poorer, developing nations. redound in Europe's favor later on. If the ternal tariff would help the U.S. balance of In redirecting Western Europe to sensible U.S. trade balance is expanded, this country payments not only by increasing export pos­ and responsible international economic poli­ is far more likely to grant meaningful con­ sibilities, as discussed above, but also by cies, Germany has unique qualifications as cessions to Europe in the next round of trade reducing the incentive for American indus­ well as responsibilities for leadership. These negotiations, and these concessions will be tries to leave home and locate behind the do not derive solely from its position as one needed if Europe is to have sustained growth Common Market tariff wall. There is no of the free world's leading industrial powers, in its most important external market. doubt that a large part of American invest­ though wealth itself imposes responsibili­ Finally, as the country with the largest ment in the Common Market countries has ties-a recognition of economic noblesse unobligated gold and foreign exchange re­ been lured there by the attraction of get­ oblige. serves in the free world, Germany has a ting inside the high tariff wall. Reducing Like the United States, Germany is not unique responsibility to take the initiative the tariff wall would make plant-location hampered by a web of economic ties with for­ in correcting the international payments im­ decisions depend on more legitimate factors mer colonies for whom preferential arrange­ balance. than the charms of a high-tari:tr protective ments have to be considered. Like the In the 4 years 1958-61, inclusive, the Unit­ area. United States, Germany believes that its own ed States has had a series of large payments If this list of courses of action open to interests wm be best served by a generally deficits. They were caused largely by the Germany seems long, ~he agenda for the low-tariff, nonrestrictive commercial policy. size of U.S. foreign aid, oversea military United States is equally lengthy. Foremost And like the Americans, the German people defense, and private foreign investment. for the United States is to employ vigorously have always had a strong strain of idealism As a result, U.S. gold reserves declined by President Kennedy's new Trade Expansion which, harnessed to the economic and man­ $5.9 b111ion, and U.S. short-term dollar lia­ Act, as so.on as the ink is dry, lower trade agerial genius of the nation, could direct bilities increased $7.4 billion to a total of barriers, not just for the United States but the growing power of Europe outward for $22.6 billion. Western Europe, on the other for the whole free world. The United States the mutual benefit of the free world. hand, increased its gold and foreign ex­ supports the political and economic unity Specifically, Germany can join the United change reserves by about $11 billion in. this that is being wrought by the Common Mar­ States in action on foreign aid, trade, and period, with nearly $8 billion of the increase ket, but it alms to generalize the benefits of international payments. going to the six countries of the EEC. This Common Market internal free trade as wide­ With respect to aid, Germany, like the one-way drain upon U.S. reserves toward ly as possible. United States, is in a position to grant long­ Europe cannot continue without serious con­ As for Germany, one hears it said so term development assistance to areas of the sequences for the present international sys­ often that German society today ls unsure world which cannot look to former mother :tem of payments. of itself. If there is any truth to this, one countries for help. Its expenditure in 1961 could do worse than to recall Schiller's of DMl.2 b1111on, apart from DM900 mllllon 1 Germany now limits annual coal imports words: ln long-term credits to the International from the United States to 5 million metric "Man grows according to his higher goals." Bank for Reconstruction and Development, tons, less than 5 percent of its domestic con­ Who knows? Perhaps some of the goals I ls a good beginning. However, its continu­ sumption, although U.S. coQ.l can be lan(led have ventured to suggest may nourish this ing basic surplus payments position amply ln Germany at competitive prices.' growth. 1962 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 16547_ To both Germany and the United States, than in the area of juvenile delinquency. themselves, their families and society as much has ·been given. In the years to come, Statistics tell us that 98 percent of our a whole. . much will be required. . . - young people are good, law abiding citi- The Federal Government, through the zens and only 2 percent can be placed in Department of Health, Education, and the category· of "juvenile delinquency," Welfare, is actiyely engaged in many The Solution of Juvenile Delinquency Is but statistics do not tell us what 2 per- projects of this kind and millions of dol­ cent means in terms of disruptions of lars have been spent in the search for in the Home family life, losses of education for all these essentials, but more, much more is children in classes where education is needed. A recent study revealed that EXTENSION OF REMARKS continually disrupted and loss of paten- in many areas, probation officers and OF . _tial talent and manpower to our Nation. others working with young people in Finally, how can statistics measure the trouble are not college graduates, and HON. ALFRED E. SANTANGELO pain of the mother whose child is killed have received no -special training. The OF MEW YORK in a gang war or whose child does the preparation of materials and the provi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES killing? · . sion of specialists to help give these peo- Tuesday, August 14, 1962 Today, juvenile delinquency is a prob- ple necessary training is a vast and es­ Mr. SANTANGELO. Mr. Speaker, I lem everywhere, in big cities and small sential area of endeavor. would like to discuss a matter on which rural towns, in slums and in suburbs. Some Federal laws are aimed directly I believe I have a certain amount of Three main reasons seem to be involved. at the prevention of juvenile delinquency knowledge, the subject of juvenile delin­ The basic cause to my mind, is the and rehabilitation of juvenile delin­ quency. As a State Senator of New York, breakdown of respect for authority, a quents. The laws prohibiting interstate I was a member of the statewide Com­ breakdown that frequently manifests it- traffic in switchblade knives, enactments mission on Youth and Juvenile Delin­ self first in the home, later in the school, making it easier to arrest and prosecute quency, This commission consisted of and finally in the courts. The second- pornographers and raising the age limit nine members. It was headed by Thom­ cause, is the breakdown in family life of youths covered by the Federal Youth as J. Watson, Jr., president of the Inter­ with today's increase in divorce, homes Correction Act to 26 are explicit examples national Business Machines. Some where both parents must work and there of such laws. members were George B. DeLuca, then is insufficient supervision, and homes Much remains to be done. The crea­ the Lieutenant Governor; Jacob K. Jav­ where there. is lack of love and affection tion of a new CCC Corps has often been its, then the Attorney General; Mrs. Da­ or indulgence and mother love. recommended to give worthwhile work vid M. Levy; Mr. Mark A. Mccloskey; The third reason is the negative role to the boy who would otherwise roam the myself; and four other legislators. that youth is frequently asked to play in streets. Laws which would protect the We made a statewide study in the ma­ today's world. A hundred years ago . the youthful off ender against the loss of jor cities and in the rural areas on this young people .had important things to his civil rights so · that he would have a­ important subject. We heard thousands learn if they were to take their place in better chance at rehabilitaticm should of witnesses, judges, probation officers, society-things they were taught by their receive consideration. Today a ·boy who: social workers, priests, rabbis, teachers, families and communities as well as by has a record generally is not .eligible for. and citizens from every field of endeav­ the schools. Today's young people have any civil service position, no matter how or. As a result of the 6-month study, no apprenticeship to serve, nothing menial, nor can he hold a job that re­ we made many recommendations t'o the seemingly to contribute, so they become· quires a license-:-he cannot, for example, New York State legislature, some of the rebels without a cause. be a barber or sell beer in a grocery which have been enacted into law. It is in the thii:d category of causes store. During hearings before the · special t.hat local communities today. are playing A· boy whose way to a decent life Subcommittee on Education of the House an important part in the development of seems blocked in all directions, who is Committee on Education and Labor, un­ projects to integrate young people into told by his probation officer and officials der the chairmanship of Congresswoman the life and wor.k of the community. In that he has paid his debt to society, but EDITH GREEN, I testified and gave the . all areas, however, there is a great need he is not good enough to clean its streets; subcommittee the benefit of the experi­ for study, research and training on a may certainly feel that crime is his only ences which I had learned during my national scale. Pilot.projects are needed recourse. senatorial experience. As the member­ that will determine specific guides to the The attack on . juvenile delinquency, ship of the House knows, the committee therefore, must come from all levels of recommended an appropriation of $30 causes of juvenile delinquency and meas- society and government, with the role million covering a period of 3 years to ures that can be taken to see that our of the Federal Government a threefold coordinate the various activities in the current alarming increase in juvenile one: Research and study; the provision various States to combat this problem delinquency is halted and turned back. of materials and trained personnel to of juvenile delinquency. Pilot projects are needed that will show help juvenile delinquency workers; and There is probably no other area where how our· young juvenile offenders can necessary legislation in areas where the statistics tell so little of the actual story first be rehabilitated and reclaimed for problem comes under Federal domain.

REP~SENTATIVES grant that all . the leader~ and ,Mem .. THE JOURNAL HOUSE OF. bers of Congress. may renew their cov­ The .Journal of the proceedings of yes­ WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 15, 1962 enant with Thee and with one another terday was read and approved. - that they shall endeavor to establish a The House met at 12 o'clock noon. finer social order. The Chaplain, Rev. Bernard ·Braskamp, CIVIL DEFENSE SIRENS AND D.D., offered the .following prayer: . ·The pages of history record so legibly that men and nations have rebelled SOUNDS Psalms·.98: 99 :. With righteousness shall against Thee and· defied '!11Y righteous Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, I ask He judge the world, and the people with laws but their momentary triumph was unanimous consent to address the House equity. for 1 minute and to revise and extend my Almighty God, we are becoming in­ only a brief prolog and prelude to dis­ remarks. creasingly aware that the various crises aster and def eat. The SPEAKER. Is ,there objection of our time are so dire and desperate God for bid that. we should ever pre­ to the request of the gentleman from that we- cannot meet and 'master them sume or imagine that Thy judgments Iowa? until there is an awakened spiritual life of retribution and recompense are more There was no obj.ection. in all the citizens and homes and families fanciful and fantastic than inexorable Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, now comes of our beloved country. . < and inevitable. word that the Office of Civil Defense, ap­ Show us how we may stem the tide of - Hear us in the name of our blessed parently having nothing better to ocqupy lawlessness and crass materialism .and Lord. Amen. · its time and money, has made an award