Prologue - The Story of Psychology Basic Psych Assignment: Write and define/explain terms and identify; write and answer questions. Skip a line between each or highlight each term and question. The completed assignment is worth 100 points. It will be used as the basis for discussion, to answer questions on quizzes and tests, and as a reference for various class projects worth additional points.

Section 1: What is Psychology (pp. 2-6) Define: behaviorism – humanistic psychology – cognitive neuroscience – psychology Identify: Wilhelm Wundt – Edward Bradford Titchenor – William James – Mary Whiton Calkins – Margaret Floy Washburn – John B. Watson – Rosalie Rayner – B.F. Skinner – Sigmund Freud – Carl Rogers – Abraham Maslow 1. What event defined the start of scientific psychology? 2. Give & explain the two early schools of thought for psychology. 3. Explain the method of introspection & why it was unreliable. 4. How did evolutionist Charles Darwin influence William James’ thinking regarding the functions of thoughts & feelings? 5. What was the definition of psychology according to Wundt, Titchener, & James? 6. What new force emerged in psychology in the early 1900s & how did it change psychology’s definition? Give & explain the other theory that also emerged at this time. 7. Explain why Watson & Skinner stressed the role of observation in scientific psychology. 8. Give the major psychological theories that emerged during the 1960s & explain their focus. 9. Give & explain the modern definition of psychology. Explain the significance of “science” in this definition.

Section 2: Contemporary Psychology (pp. 6-14) Define: nature-nurture issue – natural selection – levels of analysis – biopsychosocial approach – basic research – applied research – counseling psychology – clinical psychology – psychiatry – positive psychology – community psychology Identify: Charles Darwin 1. From which two established fields did psychology develop? 2. Explain the perspectives of the following individuals on the nature-nurture debate: Plato, Aristotle, John Locke, Rene Descartes. 3. What Darwinian concept impacted the field of psychology? What did Darwin believe regarding his theory’s application? 4. Give & explain contemporary psychology’s position on the nature-nurture debate. 5. Give & explain three types of factors often used to analyze psychological issues under the biopsychosocial approach. (Fig. 1) 6. What do the different perspectives in psychology do for one another? 7. Give & explain the focus of the seven current perspectives of psychology. (Table 1) 8. The various subfields of psychology are united through what common quest? 9. What is the goal of those who conduct basic research? Give & explain the focus of five examples of researchers that fall within this category. 10. What is the goal of those who conduct applied research? Give & explain an example of this. 11. Describe the work of the following: counseling psychologists, clinical psychologists, psychiatrists, positive psychologists, community psychologists.