Flood Assessment Report for Proposed New Dwelling at No. 6 Heyde Avenue, Strathfield

Kozarovski and Partners 14/52-54 Kingsway Cronulla 2230 0412 997767 [email protected] Date: 25 December 2020 Amended: 14 January 2021

Flood Assessment Report for proposed new dwelling at No. 6 Heyde Avenue, Strathfield

Introduction

The purpose of this report is to provide a better understanding of the Council’s flood advice and to determine a flood management/mitigation approach taking into account the specific site conditions.

The Council provided a flood map indicating that the entire site is inundated by the 100 year flood (Figure 1). The provided 1%AEP flood contours were overlayed over the ground level survey for the site (Figure 2). The 1%AEP flood contours are very similar to the ground level contours implying a very shallow depth of inundation. The flood contours also indicated the direction of the overland flow entering the site. The flow direction is perpendicular to the flood contours implying that the site is flooded from south east, where continuous double brick fences are located (Figure 3).

Figure 1, 1% AEP flood map provided by the Council

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Figure 2, 1% AEP flood contours superimposed over the ground level survey

Figure 3, Existing double brick fence shown at the back No. 6 Heyde Ave

A flood study report (Powells Creek and Saleyards Creek revised flood study November 2016), prepared by WMA Water was downloaded from the Council’s web site. The report stated that the fences were not explicitly modelled but were rather represented by the increased roughness. It was decided to obtain the flood model from the Council and amend the model to incorporate the double brick fences along the side boundaries of No. 53, No. 55 and No. 57 Oxford Road.

Flood Assessment Report January 2021 2 Modelling

The existing model was re-run for the 1% AEP flood and the higher resolution flood map of the area is shown on Figure A.1. It shows that a significant amount of overland flow enters the gap between No. 55 and No. 57. The overland flow than crosses to the backyard of No. 55 and then enters the site where it joins the minor flow from the East and flows through the site towards North West.

The existing double brick fences were incorporated into the existing model (amended model). The ground levels in the model were also adjusted to reflect the existing ground levels in front of No. 53, No. 55 and No. 57. The kerb and gutter levels in front of No. 57 were also adjusted to reflect the existing conditions (Figures 4 and 5). The adjustments were made based on the additional ground level survey (Figure 6).

Figure 4, Footpath in front of No. 57 looking westwards

Flood Assessment Report January 2021 3

Figure 5, No. 55

Figure 5, Additional ground level survey

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The amended model was run and the resulting 1%AEP flood map is shown on Figure A.2. The differences between the amended and the existing models are shown on Figure A.3. The results of the amended model show that the site is flood free with the exception of the small area in the North Western corner with a maximum depth of inundation of 5 mm.

Flood assessment

The enlarged 1% AEP flood map is shown on Figure 5.

Figure 6, 1%AEP Flood Map, amended model

It can be concluded (based on Figure 6) that most of the site is flood free and that it is located in the low flood risk precinct. A small portion of the site at the North Western corner is slightly inundated by the 1% AEP flood and this portion of the land is located in the medium flood risk precinct. The maximum depth of the inundated area is between 1 and 5 mm and it can be categorized as a flood fringe.

Flood Risk Management

The subject site is not inundated by the 100 year flood and it is classified to be in a Low Flood Risk Precinct.

Floor levels. The minimum floor level must be set 500 mm above the flood level at of 22.3 m AHD or at RL 22.8 m AHD. The proposed floor level is at RL 23.146 m AHD, providing a freeboard of 0.846 m. The proposed driveway hump is at the 1% AEP flood levels, which would protect the basement garage from inundation during the 1% AEP flood. A flood barrier based on buoyancy is proposed to provide a further protection. The height of the proposed flood barrier is 500 mm. A similar barrier has been approved by the NSW Land and Environment Court (Our Lady Aged

Flood Assessment Report January 2021 5 Care Centre Ltd v City of Parramatta Council [2020] NSWLEC 1596, commissioner Espinosa held [at 25] ).

Flood Effects. The overland flow is confined to the road reserve and the proposed development will not encroach into the overland flow path and therefore will not result in a loss of flood storage, conveyance and will not result in an increase in flood levels, discharge values or velocities anywhere in the catchment.

Parking and Driveway Access. The proposed basement garage is protected by the proposed flood barrier.

Evacuation. Evacuation from this site will not be required as the minimum floor levels are above PMF levels. A flood risk response plan is given in Appendix B.

Stormwater The concept drainage plan is shown on Figure 7. Any surface runoff entering the site from the south is proposed to be intercepted by a series of pits and grates and disposed into the existing pit in Heyde Avenue. All roof water is proposed to be collected into a below ground rainwater tank. The overflow from the rainwater tank is proposed to be disposed to the street’s kerb and gutter.

Figure 7, Proposed dwelling

Pavel Kozarovski, MIEAust, CPEng, NER

Flood Assessment Report January 2021 6 Appendix A Flood Maps

Flood Assessment Report January 2021 7

Figure A.1 1%AEP Flood Map, Existing Council’s model

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Figure A.2 1%AEP Flood Map, Amended model

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Figure A.3, Differences (Amended-Existing)

Flood Assessment Report January 2021 10 Appendix A Flood Emergency Response Plan

1. Floods in Strathfield are considered as “flash floods” and no warning system for this catchment is available. Storms leading to major flooding are typically 2 hours long, however shorter storms as little as a 10 minutes long can produce significant flooding. Once the storm passes floodwaters usually disappear rapidly. 2. During floods many local and major streets and roads will be cut by floodwaters. Travelling through floodwaters on foot, or in a vehicle can be very dangerous as the water may be polluted, obstructions can be hidden under the floodwaters, or you could be wept away. It is recommended to remain within the home as much as practical as this is the safest option. If you need to leave the home do so early in the flood event, before the flood level reaches the road level in front of the dwelling. 3. Develop your own family flood plan and be prepared if flooding should occur while children are coming home from school or when you are returning from work. Talk to the Council to determine the safer travel routes that are less likely to be cut by floodwaters. 4. Do not attempt to save the car if floodwaters start to enter the garage, it is too dangerous as water levels will rise rapidly and you could be trapped. 5. As the flood level approaches the garage floor level (but only if safe to do so) relocate any items that may be damaged by water, or poisons, or wastes to as high a level as possible. 6. As the flood level approaches the habitable floor levels: a. Gather medicines, special requirements for babies or the elderly, mobile phones, first aid kit, special papers and any valuables into one location, b. Put on strong shoes, raise any items within home that may be damaged by water (e.g. photo albums) to as high a level as possible, with electrical items on top. Turn off and disconnect any large electrical items such as TV that cannot be raised, c. Place wet towels across the bottom and lower sides of external doors to slow down the entry of water through the door. 7. In the very rare event that floodwaters may enter the home move to the first floor level. Do not evacuate the home unless instructed to do so by the SES or the Police. Remember floodwaters are much deeper and flow much faster outside. 8. In the case of a medical emergency ring 000 as normal, but explain about the flooding. 9. A laminated copy of this plan should be permanently attached (glued) on an inside cupboard door in the kitchen and laundry and to the inside electrical meter box. 10. This flood management plan should be reviewed every 5 years, particularly with the potential effects of Climate Change with sea level rise and increased rainfall intensities.

Flood Assessment Report January 2021 11 Kozarovski and Partners 14/52-54 Kingsway Cronulla NSW 2230 [email protected]

CURRICULUM VITAE

Name Pavel Kozarovski

Date of Birth 1957

Nationality Australian

Education BE (Civil), 5.5 years course at the University Cyril and Metodij,

Skopje, Macedonia, January 1982

Awards Jaroslav Cherni award for the best marks in the final year of 1981

Jaroslav Cherni award for the best final thesis in 1982

Languages English, Russian, Macedonian, Serbian

Memberships Institution of Engineers Australia, CPEng, NPER-3

Employment Record

Year Firm Position and Responsibilities

1989 – present Kozarovski and Partners Water Resources and Drainage Engineer 2002 –2005 DHI Water and Environment Pty Ltd Principal Water Resources Engineer 1991 – 2002 SMEC Australia Pty Ltd. Principal Water Resources Engineer 1990 – 1991 Willing and Partners Project Engineer 1989 – 1990 NSW Public Works Department. Project Engineer 1982 – 1989 Mavrovo, Macedonia Senior Engineer

Kozarovski and Partners 14/52-54 Kingsway Cronulla NSW 2230 [email protected]

Experience Record

Year Project Position and Activities

1989- More than 3000 small Hydrologic/hydraulic/water quality modelling of stormwater present scale stormwater drain- drainage systems, flood studies, on site detention design, rain- age projects. water tank design and preparation of stormwater drainage plans for DA submissions, detailed design for Construction Certificate submissions, site inspections and Certificates of Constructions. The complexity varies from single dwellings to multi-storey, multi-unit developments. 2019 Review of Hunter and Sub consultant to WREMA. Review of the WATHNET model. Central Coast WATHENT model

2019 Water balance model se- Sub consultant to WREMA. Desktop review of available water lection balance model and recommendation of the selected model to SEQ Water. 2018 Toowoomba Water Sup- Optimisation of Toowoomba Water supply system using ply WATHNET.

2017-2018 WATHNET/MetroNet Assisting the NSW Department of Planning and Environment in runs adding/altering the existing WATHNET/MetroNet model (Sydney Water Supply Optimisation model) and analysing different environmental flow scenarios. 2016 Review of Sydney Water Part of a team reviewing the performance of the Sydney Water Supply System Supply System against the license requirements.

2016 Armidale Reliable Yield Sub consultant to WREMA. Generation of monthly stochastic climate, streamflows and demand. Water balance analyses of the Armidale water supply system to asses it’s reliability. 2015-2016 Armidale Secure Yield Sub consultant to WREMA. Water balance modelling using WATHNET to determine the secure yield for Armidale. 2015 Adelaide Water Supply, Provided advice to Ewater on incorporation of SA HOMA system advice to EWater into SOURCE

2013 Fish River Save Yield Sub-consultant to SKM. Hydrological modelling of the Fish Riv- er System, water balance modelling aiming at increase safe yield of the system. The work involved mostly providing advises to SKM. 2011, 2012 Upper Macquarie River Sub-consultant to Geolyse. Establishment and calibration of hy- Hydrology drological model representing the upper portion of Macquarie River (upstream of the confluence with Turon River), simulation of streamflows and demands for 16 climate change scenarios. 2011, 2012 Development of integrat- Sub-consultant to MWH. Water balance simulation of Adelaide ed water balance model water supply system using demands generated by the water for Adelaide tracking model, inflows derived as disaggregated monthly flows and the historical data in order to minimise the transfers from Murray River due to the installation of a desalination plant. 2011 Coxs River Storages Sub-consultant to SKM. The historical climate data was adjust- Yield assessment due to ed to reflect 3 climate change scenarios. The climate data was climate change used to generate synthetic replicates of climate data. Previously established hydrological and demand models were used to cre- ate corresponding streamflow and demand times series. The reliability of the Coxs River system was then determined using WTHNET water balance model. 2011 Development of a proba- Sub-consultant to SKM. Development of a probabilistic behav- bilistic behaviour de- iour demand model for Pimpama (Queensland). mand model Kozarovski and Partners 14/52-54 Kingsway Cronulla NSW 2230 [email protected]

Year Project Position and Activities

2010-2011 Upgrade of SCA’s Sydney Catchment Authority requires that the water balance WATHNET model to model used for simulation of the system to provide economical WATHNET eMoga outcomes in parallel with water balance outcomes. A new software package WATHNET eMoga is used to meet the objectives of the project. 2010 Bathurst Water Supply Sub-consultant to SKM. Hydrological modelling of Fish, Camp- security assessment as bell and Macquarie rivers including calibration against historical a result of a climate data and generation of synthetic streamflows for Monte Carlo change analysis of the Bathurst water supply system

2010 Coxs River Storages Sub-consultant to SKM. Hydrological modelling of Coxs River Yield Assessment Catchments including calibration against historical data and generation of synthetic streamflows using generated climate data. Water balance simulation of the water supply system including the extractions from Oberon Dam, Wallace, Lyell and Thompson’s Creek Reservoirs, calibration of the model against historical data and simulation of the system’s behaviour and it’s reliability for a set of generated synthetic climate, streamflow and demand time series. 2010 Akaroa Water Supply Sub-consultant to MWH for water balance modelling of Akaroa water supply system in New Zealand. 2009 Orange City Council Sub-consultant to MWH for hydrological modelling, reservoir op- emergency water supply eration and assessment of security of supply for Orange for various emergency supply pipe line configurations. 2009 Sydney Catchment Au- Sub-consultant to SKM for reservoir operation optimisation using thority Water Supply stochastic data generation, demand modelling and Monte-Carlo Strategy Review water balance analysis.

2009 CENTROC Drought Sub-consultant to MWH for hydrological modelling, stochastic proofing of Central NSW data generation, Climate Change analysis and Monte-Carlo water balance analysis of the Central NSW including Wyangala and Burrendong Reservoirs. 2008 Bathurst IWCM Sub-consultant to MWH for hydrological modelling, stochastic data generation, demand modelling and Monte-Carlo water balance analysis of Bathusrt Water Supply System. 2008 Googong IWCM Study Sub-consultant to MWH for stochastic data generation, demand modelling and Monte-Carlo water balance analysis of Googong Water Supply System. 2007 Water Hammer analysis Sub-consultant to Siemens for hydraulic assessment of transient of Ugum Water Tretment regimes associated with water hammer due to pump stoppage. plant

2006-2007 Review of SCA yield es- SCA engaged a panel of experts including George Kuzcera, timate Paul Pretto, Ashish Sharma and Pavel Kozarovski to review the data, methodology, assumptions and the work undertaken by SCA for Sydney System yield estimates. 2006-2007 Lower Richmond River A sub-consultant to JWP for stochastic data generation, demand IWCMS modelling and Monte-Carlo water balance analysis of Lower Richmond water supply system using WATHNET and demand models. 2006 Beixiaohe Waste Water Sub-consultant to Siemens for hydraulic assessment and simu- Treatment Plant, Beijing lation of the proposed micro filtration plant for the 2008 Olympic Games 2006 Cronulla Sutherland Establishment of hydrological and hydraulic models, definition of Leagues Club Wooloo- design sea levels, simulation of design floods, definition of im- ware Masterplan DA pacts and damages, identification of flood mitigation measures Submission - Flooding along the tidal channel located west of the Toyota Park as a part of the masterplan DA submission. Kozarovski and Partners 14/52-54 Kingsway Cronulla NSW 2230 [email protected]

Year Project Position and Activities

2006 Shoalhaven Integrated Sub-consultant to MWH. Development of stochastic demand Water Cycle Manage- model and integration with the water balance model. ment Study

2006 Pimpama Integrated Wa- Sub-consultant to MWH. The project involved a development of ter Cycle Management a strategy for sewer storage, re-use and management aiming at Study minimising the spills and costs. The work incorporated integration of stochastic sewer model and the corresponding re-use demand model with WATHNET water Balance model of surface storages and aquifer re-charge schemes. 2006 Kyogle Integrated Water Sub-consultant to MWH for Stochastic demand modelling, defi- Cycle Management nition of the impact of rainwater tanks on water savings and on Study system reliability, and stochastic water balance analyses of Kyogle water supply system. 2005 SCA Drought Manage- Assisting Sydney Catchment Authority in strategic and tactical ment Options planning and drought management. Tasks include: review of hydrology, review of stochastic data generation, analysis of multi-decadal oscillation in weather patterns, review of SCA water balance model. 2005 Caloundra Integrate Wa- Sub-consultant to MWH for creating a Probabilistic Behaviour ter Cycle Management Distributed Demand Model, hydrological modelling of stream- Study flows, water balance modelling, assessment of the current water supply reliability, identification of options for improvement, fine- tuning of the options and optimisation. 2005 RAFTS model for Poul- Sub-consultant to DHI Australia as a part of Poulton Park Flood ton Park Catchment Study for Kogarah Council

2005 Snowy Hydro Limited Scoping study for SHL’s system control.

2005 Bateau Bay Landfill re- Sub-consultant to URS Australia responsible for flood manage- habilitation ment works, sub-soil drainage, surface drainage and irrigation works as part of a DA submission to Wyong Council. 2005 On Site Stormwater Hydrological investigation and determination of the required Management Study for OSD and Orifice size to offset the impact of infill-development in Auckland Regional Auckland. Council – New Zealand

2005 Training Prepared notes, examples and conducted training for Mike Storm and Mike She to a group of 20 attendances in Auckland, NZ 2005 Gosford Wyong Water As a part of a team lead by the Department of Commerce, Pavel Supply, review and up- was responsible for verification of the hydrological model of the date of previous work Central Cost streams. and models

2004 Cairns water supply op- Responsible for establishment of models and analysis of various tions study augmentation options as a part of the water supply options study undertaken by MWH. The analysis involved fine tuning the tim- ing of augmentations, cost of operation and present net values for each option. Kozarovski and Partners 14/52-54 Kingsway Cronulla NSW 2230 [email protected]

Year Project Position and Activities

2004 Parkes Integrated Water Responsible for hydrological, demand and water balance anal- Cycle Management yses of Parkes as a part of the IWCM project undertaken by MWH. The project involved collection and analysis of climate and streamflow data, set up and calibration of hydrological models for estimation of inflows into the local dams, establishment and calibration of a distributed probabilistic behaviour demand mode and generation of synthetic climate, streamflows and demand data for each household, establishment of WATHNET water balance model and analysis of options for systems operation optimisation. 2004 training Prepared notes, examples and conducted training for Mike Storm for 16 attendances at UTS. 2004 Broken Hill Water Supply JWP engaged DHI to simulate the operation of the Broken Hill Strategy water supply system, aiming at developing an optimal strategy by increasing the reliability of supply, minimising the salt concen- tration and reducing the cost of operation (particularly the RO plant operation). 2004 training Prepared notes, examples and conducted training for Mike Storm and Mike She for engineers at Bankstown City Council 2004 RWTs for inland NSW NSW Ministry of Energy and Utilities engaged Pavel together with Dr. Coombes to develop a regional formulae for sizing rainwater tanks in inland NSW, together with development of an economically based rebate scheme. 2003 Elanora Drainage Study Pittwater Council engaged DHI to undertake a drainage study of a small urban catchment using the two dimensional model as a catchment and an overland flow model and one-dimensional model to simulate the pipe system. Pits and lintels are modelled as orifice connections between the 1D and 2D models. 2003 Mike Storm Develop- Engaged in development of Mike Storm, a suit of hydrological ment and hydraulic models for simulation of rainfall runoff in urban catchments, including coupling between 2D and 1D models, and development of pollutographs for water quality modelling. 2003 Kempsey – Integrated Generation of stochastic rainfall and climatological data, devel- Water Cycle Manage- opment of a probabilistic demand model for simulation of the ment Strategy – Bulk impact of rainwater tanks, Water Balance simulation and analy- Supply Analysis sis of options for Kempsey Water Supply System. 2003 Kulnura – Mangrove Representing the Gosford-Wyong Water Supply Authority on the Creek Aquifer Investiga- technical panel coordinating the ground water model develop- tion ment and it’s interactions with the surface water system. 2003 Klang River Basin Envi- Witness testing – physical modelling of River Solid Waste Inter- ronmental Improvement ception Structures at the University of Technology of Malaysia. and Flood Mitigation Pro- Re-fining the initial design to improve sediment transport and to ject. River Solid Waste maximise the capability for trapping of floating litter. Management 2003 China, Yellow River Wa- Water Hammer analysis of a water supply tunnel under various ter Supply system analy- scenarios of valve operation. sis 2002/2003 Western Sydney Orbital Hydraulic modelling of WSO bridge crossings at Eastern Creek and Reedy Creek using Mike-11 on behalf of SMEC Australia Pty Ltd. 2002 Sharks Re-zoning Appli- Hydrological, hydraulic and water quality modelling of the exist- cation ing and proposed systems to quantify the impacts of the proposed development on flooding, hydrological and water quality regime in Woolooware Bay, NSW. Kozarovski and Partners 14/52-54 Kingsway Cronulla NSW 2230 [email protected]

Year Project Position and Activities

2002 Alternative Water Pricing Development of a concept of Structured Yield and application of for Sydney Water Supply the structured yield for definition of water pricing based on relia- Area. bility of supply. The project is undertaken for the Hawkesbury- Nepean Environmental Flows Expert Panel on behalf of NSW IPART. 2002 Klang River Basin Envi- Hydraulic Engineer responsible for the development of principles ronmental Improvement for river solid waste interception and extraction, application of and Flood Mitigation Pro- the principles to a concept design of seven river solid waste in- ject. River Solid Waste terception and extraction structures on Klang River (KL, Malay- Management sia) and its tributaries. 2001/2002 Hawkesbury-Nepean Water Resources Modeller, assessment of Sydney Water Sup- Environmental Flows ply System reliability criteria and pumping costs, implications for Expert Panel various combinations of environmental flow releases.

2001 Northern Territory, War- Project Engineer, identification of the layout of the scheme, de- rai Dam pre-feasibility termination of the installed capacities and simulation of the fi- study nancial scenarios. 2001 Drought Management Agency hire services to Sydney Catchment Authority for prepa- Plan for Sydney Catch- ration of a Drought Management Plan (DMP). ment Authority, Australia

2000/01 Cross Drainage Investi- Project Manager, Hydraulic Engineer. Upper Canal transports gation, Upper Canal, water from the Upper Nepean Dams to Prospect reservoir as a Australia part of the Sydney Water Supply System. The canal is approximately 70 km long with series of tunnels and aqueducts. The rainfall runoff is transported across the canal by some 300 flumes, culverts and siphons. The project incorporated inspection, asset register, identification of corrective maintenance, assessment of a probability of any spill into the channel, identification of an average annual contamination hazard development of strategies for hazard reduction. 2001 Gosford-Wyong Water Several studies have been undertaken in the past to extend the Supply - Hydrology historical streamflow data for the Gosford Wyong Water Supple Authority. A Hidden State Markov Chain model was applied to explain the wet and dry sequences. “DRIP”, a synthetic rainfall generation software developed by Dr. George Kuzcera from University of Newcastle, was applied to simulate the stochastic rainfall within the states. The generated rainfall sequences were used to produce synthetic streamflows using Monash model. 2000 Hydraulic modelling of Project Manager, Hydraulic Engineer. Modelling of transient re- the operation of a micro- gimes of a water filtration plant in various modes of operation. filtration plant, Australia

2000 Benson Basin, Shellhar- Project Manager, Hydrologist. Analysis of existing stormwater bour, Australia detention basins (three basins in a cascade) to determine their ability to control the increase in peak flood flows due to urbani- sation of the upstream catchment. Kozarovski and Partners 14/52-54 Kingsway Cronulla NSW 2230 [email protected]

Year Project Position and Activities

1999/00 Aral Sea Basin Program, Hydrologist, Hydraulic Engineer. The project involved a safety assessment of and a development of reservoir management Water and Environmen- strategy for 10 dams in Central Asian States of Uzbekistan, Tad- tal Management, jikistan, Turkmenistan, Kazahstan and Kirgizstan and safety assessment of Lake Sarez (a land slide dam 650 m high). The Component C: Dam dams vary in size from 15 m to 300 m high (Nurek Dam is cur- Safety and Reservoir rently one of the highest dams in the world), with reservoir ca- Management, Central pacities ranging from 200 000 ML to 20 000 000 ML (Toktogul). Asia Mr. Kozarovski was in charge of software development, establishment and calibration of hydrological models (catchment areas from 1000 to 174 000 km2), definition of design time series of climatic variables which would result in a PMF event (precipitation, precipitation and snow melt or snowmelt and glacier melt only), establishment of hydraulic and dam break models and training of the local experts. 1999 Old Farm LES – Drain- Hydrologist, Water Quality Engineer. Development of a storm- age and Nutrient Man- water management strategy for a 224 ha residential area within agement Strategy, Aus- Deep Creek Catchment, about 3 km west of the Wyong Town- tralia ship, NSW.

1999 Carroll to Boggabri Flood Hydraulic Engineer. Extension of the existing hydraulic model Study, Australia based on MIKE-11 software package, developed by DLWC for Carroll and Gunnedah to incorporate rural areas and to make it suitable for assessment of the impacts of agricultural developments on flood behaviour. 1999 Yelgun to Chinderah Pa- Hydraulic Engineer. Energy dissipaters design for the trans- cific Highway upgrade, verse drainage associated with the bid for the Pacific Highway Australia upgrade between Yelgun and Chinderah, NSW.

1999/00 Warragamba Auxiliary Stormwater Drainage and Water Quality Engineer. Detailed de- Spillway Design, Austral- sign of the erosion and sediment control structures associated ia with the Auxiliary Spillway Construction. 1999 Riverstone Release Area Project Hydrologist. The tasks involved establishment and cali- Trunk Drainage Study, bration of a hydrologic model and simulation of design floods for Australia existing conditions. Changes to proposed land use were incorporated into the model, which allowed definition of strategies to control the quantity of the runoff similar to pre-development conditions. 1998/99 Harrington Park Water Project Engineer. Definition of the final layout of the water quali- Quality System – de- ty control system and its dimensions, taking into account the tailed design, Australia performance targets, the morphological and geo-technical conditions, construction costs, extent of existing and future vegeta- tion zones, creation of pleasant aesthetic outlook, preserving and enhancing in the same time the existing habitats. 1998 Windamere Dam PMF, Project Hydrologist. The study involved establishment and cali- Australia bration of a hydrologic model based on RAFTS-XP software package. 1998 Warragamba Auxiliary Stormwater Drainage, Water Quality and Flood protection Engi- Spillway Bid, Australia neer. The bid documents contained detailed design of the major structures associated with the Auxiliary Spillway Construction. Kozarovski and Partners 14/52-54 Kingsway Cronulla NSW 2230 [email protected]

Year Project Position and Activities

1998 Nerang 2D hydrodynam- Hydrologist, hydraulic modeller. The Nerang System is con- ic and water quality tained of a river with extensive floodplains and channels. A modelling, Australia number of channels were constructed in the past as a part of exclusive water front residential developments. The water flow . is fully two dimensional through the channels and the floodplains. Approximately 200 bridge and culvert structures were incorporated into the structures routine specifically developed during the project for integration with a 2D model. Mike-21 model however was applied by other SMEC’s engineers, as the initial 2D model was not delivered by the provider. 1998 Gosford-Wyong Water Expert advice on establishment, calibration and application of Supply simulation, Aus- the Gosford-Wyong water supply system model based on tralia WATHNET. The project involved definition of environmental flow requirements, definition of demand restriction policy and definition of time when augmentation of the system would be required. 1998 Potts Hill Reservoir Up- Hydraulic modeller, Civil Engineer. Assessment of the perfor- grade Bid, Australia mance of the existing system of reservoirs and water transfers capabilities and design of the new reservoirs and conduits aiming at maximising the transfer capacity and minimising the construction and maintenance costs as a part of turn key project bid for Sydney Water. 1997 Nathan Dam construc- Expert advise on structured yield of the system. The defined tion bid, Australia structured yield was used to determine the value of water alloca- tion licences as a function of reliability of supply. 1997 Wellington Reliable Yield Water Resources Modeller, Project Engineer. The Wellington Analysis, New Zealand Water Supply System draws water from a complex run off river headworks system. The study involved extension of historical streamflows and other climatic data. Water production and con- sumption series were extended using a demand model. The surface and ground water system and their interactions were simu- lated using WATHNET- a daily time step, generalised water balance model. 1997 Detailed design of Project Engineer responsible for design of erosion protection Gooden Reserve Deten- measures, and a fuse plug spillway. tion Basin, NSW Austral- ia 1997 Homebush Bay Olympic Project Engineer responsible for design check and supervision Site Development, Infra- of stormwater drainage and water quality design undertaken by structure Package 3, other engineers in SMEC. NSW, Australia Kozarovski and Partners 14/52-54 Kingsway Cronulla NSW 2230 [email protected]

Year Project Position and Activities

1993/96 Sydney Water Supply Project Manager, Water Resources Engineer. The aim of the Strategy Review - Phase study was to optimise operation of the Sydney headworks water 2 Investigation, New supply system. The Sydney headworks system includes nine South Wales, Australia reservoirs. Historical streamflows and climatological data were used to generate 2 000 replicates of synthetic data with a length of 50 years for use during simulation and optimisation runs. A demand model was developed and linked to generated streamflows and climatological data by other consultants, and 2 000, 50 years long replicates of synthetic demand were produced. Network linear programming was used to optimise the distribu- tion of water in space and time in order to obtain maximum reliability of the system and to minimise the expenditure related to pumping and water purification. WATHNET (a generic water balance model developed by Dr George Kuzcera from University of Newcastle) was utilised to model this complex system in both simulation and optimisation model. 1996/97 River Torrens Hydraulic Hydrologist, Hydraulic modeller, Programmer. The study in- Modelling and Flood volved hydraulic modelling, using MIKE-11 and BOSS DamBrk Mapping, South Austral- models. The results were linked to MapInfo, which allowed ia, Australia mapping of the flooding extents, flood hazard categorisation, flood damage and population at risk for each run of MIKE-11. A . suit of programs was developed to automate the mapping pro- cess. 1995/96 Water Supply options re- Water Resources Engineer, Civil Engineer. Tasks involved port for Lower Bellinger, identification of headworks augmentation options for water sup- New South Wales, Aus- ply of Lower Bellinger. The investigation involved identification tralia of feasible options, determination of yield, cost, environmental constrains and a comprehensive community consultation. 1996 Wyangla Dam PMF Hydrologist. The study involved establishment and calibration of study, New South Wales, a Hydrologic model based on RAFTS-XP software package. Australia

1995 Gosford-Wyong Water Project Manager and Hydrologist for hydrologic investigation of Supply - Hydrology, New stream-flows in Mangrove Creek, Wyong River, Ourimbah South Wales, Australia Creek and their tributaries. The project involved data collection and analysis, establishment of Monash a hydrologic model, calibration of the model, extension of stream-flows using historical rainfall and the calibrated model and synthetic data generation using AR(1) time series model. 1995 Water Cycle Manage- Water Supply Engineer. A water cycle management study for ment Study - Sydney the western area of Sydney located between Liverpool, Camden, West Airport Sub-Region Penrith and St Marris which is likely to undergo major urban development in the near future. 1995 West Ryde Drainage Project Engineer. Drainage analysis to solve flooding problems Study, Australia at West Ryde Commercial centre, which suffers flooding at 2-3 year intervals. 1995 Flat Rock Creek Flood Project Manager, Hydrologist and Hydraulic Modeller. A lcasical Study, New South flood study based on hydrological and hydraulic simulation of Wales, Australia flood behaviour of a natural Creek in an urban environment.

1994 Towradgi Creek Flood Hydrologist, Hydraulic Modeller. A flood study of a small catch- Study, New South ment located on the Illawarra escarpment featuring steep rain- Wales, Australia forest areas, fully urbanised areas and tidal downstream reaches. Kozarovski and Partners 14/52-54 Kingsway Cronulla NSW 2230 [email protected]

Year Project Position and Activities

1994 Merewether Flood Study, Expert Adviser. A flood study of fully urbanised catchment in New South Wales, Aus- Newcastle, which incorporated establishment of hydrologic and trali hydraulic models, calibration of the models and assessment of the flooding during design storms. 1994 River Torrens Hydrologic Hydrologist. A hydrologic study of River Torrens Catchment. Study, South Australia, Hydrological modelling and joint probability analysis of floods Australia downstream of the reservoirs.

1994 Avon Mini Hydro Power Project Manager, Civil Engineer. A feasibility study of potential Station, New South for energy production utilising the available head and flow Wales, Australia through the Illawarra water supply system.

1994 RAAF Williamtown Project Manager, Civil Engineer. Cndition inspection and hydrau- Stormwater Drainage In- lic modelling to determine the mechanism of sand intrusion, and vestigation, New South to define the measures which could solve the current problems. Wales, Australia

1993 Gooden Reserve Drain- Project Manager, Hydrologist, Civil Engineer. A conceptual age Study, New South flood mitigation plan for the Gooden Reserve to control the Wales, Australia flooding of properties in the catchment.

1993 Golok River Flood Study Hydrologist and Hydraulic Modeller. As part of a major project & Lemal Irrigation Area, undertaken by SMEC, to assess flooding and flood mitigation Malaysia works in the Golok River Area, a hydraulic model was established for the Lemal irrigation catchment. 1993 Stormwater Drainage Expert advice and training of local consultant's engineers on hy- Master Plan, Kuala Lum- drologic and hydraulic modelling during the preparation of the pur International Airport, Stormwater Drainage Master Plan. Malaysia

1992 Botany Wetlands Flood Project Manager, Hydrologist, Hydraulic Modeller for the hydro- Study, New South logic and hydraulic study of Botany Wetlands, Sydney. RAFTS Wales, Australia and Mike-11 hydrological and hydraulic models were used.

1992 Sydney Airport Third Detail design of stormwater drainage design associated with the Runway Construction Third Runway Construction bid by Concrete Construction Pty Bid, New South Wales, Ltd. Australia

1991 Caboolture Flood Study Hydraulic Modeller for a flood study of Caboolture River in (350 km2), Queensland, Queensland. An EXTRAN based hydraulic model was calibrat- Australia ed using the derived discharge hydrographs and recorded maximum flood levels. The calibrated models were then used to determine the synthetic flood behaviour. 1992 Wombarra Project, New Hydrological investigation of Wombarra catchment North of Wol- South Wales, Australia longong. This study incorporated an assessment of the design flood behaviour for existing catchment conditions and for several mitigation options. Responsibilities within this project were for the hydrologic modelling and hydraulic design. 1992 Golok River Flood Study, Hydrologic modelling of Golok River catchment, Malaysia, using Malaysia Monash hourly model, frequency analyses of rainfall data and definition of design rainfall temporal patterns. 1991 Power Street Bridge In- Definition of Power Street Bridge flow areas using criteria not to vestigation, New South increase 100 year ARI flood levels in Eastern Creek more than Wales, Australia 0.1 m. Kozarovski and Partners 14/52-54 Kingsway Cronulla NSW 2230 [email protected]

Year Project Position and Activities

1991 Eastern Creek Sub- Hydrologist. Flood study including hydrologic investigations, hy- catchments Flood Study, draulic modelling, flood damage identification and economic Links 16 and 17, New evaluation of urban part of Eastern Creek catchment (City of South Wales, Australia Blacktown, Sydney) using RAFTS hydrologic model and EX- TRAN unsteady flow quasi two-dimensional hydraulic model. 1990/91 Lower Nambucca Flood Hydrologist, Hydraulic Modeller. Hydrologic modelling of Nam- Study, New South bucca River catchment using RAFTS hydrologic model and hy- Wales, Australia draulic modelling of tide affected river network with wide floodplain using quasi two-dimensional dynamic unsteady flow model MIKE-11. 1990 South Creek Floodplain Hydrologist, Hydraulic Modeller. Hydrologic modelling using Management Study, New RAFTS, hydraulic modelling using unsteady flow model MIKE-11 South Wales, Australia and steady flow model HEC-2. 1990 Goyen Controls Flood Civil Engineer. Involved hydrologic, hydraulic and reservoir Protection Works, New modelling to design, and evaluated flood protection measures South Wales, Australia for a large industrial site. The works included pumpout facility and onsite flood storage basin. 1990 Minmi Road Filling, Hydrologist. Investigation of hydraulic impacts of floodplain fill- Wallsend, New South ing using HEC-2 model. Wales, Australia 1990 Wooli River Flood Study, Hydraulic modeller. The Wooli River Study involved hydrologic New South Wales, Aus- modelling of the catchment runoff using RORB and WBNM hy- tralia drologic models and MIKE 11 hydraulic model. 1990 Cabbage Tree Creek Hydrologist, Hydraulic Modeller. The study involved hydraulic Flood Study, New South modelling using RORB hydrologic model and MIKE-11 hydraulic Wales, Australia model. 1989 Airport Adler/Sochi, for- Project Manager, Civil Engineer. Design of on-site storm pollu- mer Soviet Union tion control and water recycling systems. Detailed design of sedimentation basins, oil and grease separators, sawdust filters, pumping stations, reservoirs, stormwater drainage, sewerage and water supply for the construction site. 1987/88 “Drizla” Land Fill for the Project Manager and Senior Engineer. Detailed design of a san- Town of Skopje, Mace- itary land fill located over an active landslide. The total height of donia the land fill was 140 m. Other tasks included design of pest control measures, leakage control devices and procedures, me- thane evacuation structures, fire protection measures and devices, external and internal stormwater channel and pipe net- works. 1988/89 Sewerage and Storm Hydrologist, Hydraulic Engineer. Hydrologic modelling of the Water System for the rainfall runoff, hydraulic modelling of the flow through the tunnel Town of Bor, Yugoslavia and detail design of appropriate structures. 1986/87 Water Supply, Sewerage Project Manager, Civil Engineer for the design of the trunk and Storm Drainage Sys- drainage works, sewerage network and water supply system for tems for the Town of Ce- the city of Cetinje. The biggest challenge was to ensure proper tinje, Yugoslavia function of all facilities during the construction works. Kozarovski and Partners 14/52-54 Kingsway Cronulla NSW 2230 [email protected]

Year Project Position and Activities

1982/83 Pena Water Power Sys- Hydrologist, Hydraulic Engineer, Civil Engineer. The system tem, Macedonia was based on a cascade of three runoff river power stations, utilising a total head of 1200 m. The investigation included a feasibility study and a detail design. The general system layout was determined by defining the optimum of the net annual income from the expected energy production and the annual construction and maintenance costs.

The detailed design was based on refining the pre determined hydraulic dimensions and hydraulic modelling of the specific structures. Two types of hydraulic models were developed, the steady flow model which was used to design the structures associated with the river channel and the unsteady flow model which was used to design the structures associated with the unsteady operation of the turbines. Mr Kozarovski developed the software for the above consultancy, including the unsteady flow model, using the explicit solution of St Venant equations. 1984/85 Kozjak Multipurpose Hy- A development of an optimisation algorithms based on dynamic dro system, Macedonia programming. 1985 Mantovo Hydro Power Project Manager, Civil Engineer. Feasibility study for assess- Underground Station, ment of the power production potential from an existing system. Yugoslavia 1984 Stenje Multipurpose Project Manager, Civil Engineer. A single reservoir system Reservoir Study, Yugo- planning study involved optimisation of storage capacity, and slavia development of reservoir operating rules. 1985 Vladimirovo Reservoir, Programmer, Water Resources Engineer. Dynamic program- Yugoslavia ming of reservoir operation. 1985/86 Radovisko Pole, Yugo- Civil Engineer. 100 ha irrigation system involving definition of slavia optimum layout of the pipe network and detail design of involved structures.

Examples of Publications

P. Kozarovski, “Farm Dams do not affect the large floods, or do they”, Melbourne, 1998

R P Ibbitt, P Kozarovski, R D Henderson, Water Supply Planning to meet the resource management act requirements: The Wellington Experience, New Zealand Water & Wastes association annual conference & Expo, Rotorua Convention Centre, 26 – 29 August 1997

I. Salbe, P. Kozarovski, A. Deen, Sydney Water Supply Strategy, Adelaide, Water Down Under 1996

M. Buffil, P. Kozarovski, Cabulture Flood Study 1994