Gazette Tulliana SOCIETE INTERNATIONALE DES AMIS DE CICERON INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF 'S FRIENDS SOCIETÀ INTERNAZIONALE DEGLI AMICI DI CICERONE YEAR 1, ISSUE 2, SUMMER 2009 - ISSN 2102-653X

TULLIANA GROWS YASUNARI TAKADA: A CICERONIAN IN EUROPE AT THE COURT OF THE RISING SUN

The Gazette Tulliana has some innovations with its second is- tively). In 1982 Associate Prof. sue. First, some brief news about of English Literature at Tohoku the association: the number of University. In 1989 Associate our members is progressively Prof. of Comparative Literature, increasing and a lot of new the University of Tokyo and friends from all over Europe are since 1994 Professor in joining the group which had ini- Transcultural Studies, the Uni- tially set up this project. We are versity of Tokyo, Komaba. happy about that, because there Ciceronian Publications : is much to do and the people « Cicero : An Intellectual Tradi- who have good will won't lack tion in Europe » (Tokyo : Iwa- possibilites to commit themsel- nami-shoten, 1999). ves: in particular, there will be Articles dealing with L. Bruni’s many opportunities for those « Cicero Novus », Cicero and who will want to work in the di- Shakespeare, and the Reception dactic field. of Cicero in the (English) Au- Born in 1950 in Tokyo. Educa- gustan Age are included in Second, a Spanish section is a- tion at the International Chris- vailable on the website, thanks « Transcendental Descent : Es- tian University (English Litera- says in Literature and Philoso- to the collaboration of the team ture and the ) and led by Prof. Javier Uria from the phy » (University of Tokyo Cen- graduate studies at the Universi- ter of Philosophy, 2007). Trans- University of Saragossa, which ties of Tokyo and Cambridge took upon itself the Castilian lations of Pierre Grimal’s « Ci- (Renaissance English Literature ceron » and Anthony Everitt’s translation of the Gazette: natu- and Medieval Latin, respec- rally we hope our Spanish colle- « Cicero : A Turbulent Life ». agues could find their comforta- ble “Ciceronian home” in this TWO IMPORTANT RECOGNITIONS section of Tulliana. Finally, beginning with this is- The SIAC has received two important financial aids which will let sue, we start a series of inter- the association increase its own activity. The Department of Philo- views dedicated to a particular logy, Linguistics and Classical Tradition of the University of Turin theme and, inside, we publish an has supported the SIAC activity with a contribution of 1000 euros interesting interview by Philippe and the RARE (Centre de Recherche Rhétorique et Ancien Régime) Rousselot with Prof. Yasunari of the University of Grenoble has decided to contibute the same. Takada. We hope that this initia- Both centres of research distinguish themselves for their fervent ac- tive will meet with the approval tivity in the Ciceronian field and for their generosity in these diffi- of our readers. cult economic times. The SIAC thanks all those members for trusting her enterprise. The Gazette editor-in-chief

Andrea Balbo

1 New publications about Cicero

RHETORIC CLASSICS AS DEFENCE AGAINST IN CICERO AN IRRATIONAL POSTRELIGION

Francis Goyet, RARE director making use of the most recent scien- (EA 3017), will soon publish by tific progress, has, in reality, locked Brepols an article entitled: Les itself inside systematic doubt, scien- figures de pensée comme tism, and ethical relativism. Spiri- grands blocs, unités minimales tuality has been replaced by a pas- pour construire un discours. sion for an irrationalism that the au- Starting from the analysis of thor considers peculiar to "post- Pro Rabirio, 22-24 and the e- religion." For these reasons, Oniga xamination of comments from enters into conflict with that system several scholars of rhetoric of values that forgets or underrates (Quintilian, Fouquelin, Fonta- the great Judeo-Christian foundation nier), he offers a description of of Western civilization. The figures and loci based on wider author shows how many great theo- units than the ones usually used. logians effectively availed themsel- Renato Oniga, Contro la post- The research of rhetorical e- ves of the ancient inheritance and religione, Per un nuovo umanesimo xpressions in a sentence or in a how the humanistic tradition, in its cristiano, Fede & Cultura, Saggisti- short textual section does not turn, completely assimilated the ca 26, 224p., 18 €, Isbn: 978-88- correspond to real Ciceronian Christian dimension of the world 6409-004-7. Introduction by Marc purposes. The distance must be that it defended. This intentionally Fumaroli (Academician of France). wider, because the organizing polemical essay, written by a specia- Renato Oniga offers a work of for- unit of the speech is the para- list of Latin literature, shares in se- ceful commitment. Some readers graph (or groups of paragraphs). veral respects positions defended might find in it elements that clash The study concerns also Pro elsewhere by Marc Fumaroli, who with the tradition of political neutra- Lege Manilia, 37-39; Pro Liga- has kindly allowed Tulliana to pu- lity that little by little has imposed rio, 7; Orator, 134, 137-139. blish his own preface to this itself in the scientific milieu. On the We highlight the fascinating work, in which he encourages the contrary, we can be grateful to the appendix on the origin of Cice- author to continue his researches author for having no hesitation at ronian text division in para- and he particularly highlights the introducing humanism and its tradi- graphs and chapters, made by chapter on humanitas. Oniga has tion into a lively debate in which Janus Gruter and Alexander accepted to reproduce Fumaroli¹s very few have recently taken up its Scot. PhR preface on our site. The positions of defense. Oniga attacks what he con- the author, expressed with clarity in siders the dominant ideology and the subtitle it of the work, can pro- Rules for submitting that he defines as the "new cultural voke wide-ranging discussions and papers to the Gazette conformism of the post-modern a- even disagreements: it isthe price to ge:" this ideology, thinking that it is Articles should be sent as e-mail accept for defending a thesis. PhR attachments to the address con- [email protected] or THE AUTHOR by following the instructions di- R. Oniga is professor of Latin Language and Literature at the University splayed at the click of the but- of Udine. He published editions on , Amphitryon (Marsilio, 1991) ton Acta Tulliana, on the left and , Opera omnia (Einaudi, 2003), various monographs: The La- column of the home page. tin Nominal Compounds (Pàtron, 1988), the revision of Latin Stylistics You are requested to write in by J.B. Hofmann and A. Szantyr (Pàtron, 2002), and the handbook Latin. character size 12, and the font Brief Linguistic Introduction (Franco Angeli, 2007). Times New Roman. 2 New publications about Cicero

THE LIFELONG RESEARCH SUMMA: EMANUELE NARDUCCI'S VOLUME ON CICERO

Emanuele Narducci, Cicerone, Marcone (University of Rome La parola e la politica, pref. di III) has kindly sent us a full in- M. Citroni, 2009, Editori Later- troduction to the volume in an za, Collana Storia e Società, 450 article where the personal con- p., ISBN 9788842088301, 30 € tribution is closely connected to the scientific surveys. You can The posthumous – and almost consult the article in Italian and completed – work by a master of French on Tulliana site. Ciceronian studies has been pu- blished recently thanks to the ef- If you want to become a forts of Mario Citroni, the author member of the SIAC you of a fine and learned introduc- should link to the site tion. It is an essential book for Tulliana, draw up the accom- scholars of Cicero both for the panying questionnaire and wealth of the author's thought pay 25 euros as contribution. and for the broad views it opens You can use Paypal.

for research. Professor Arnaldo7

AMICITIA, AN ESSENTIAL AND LASTING ELEMENT OF ROMAN AND CLASSICAL CULTURE

Cicero dedicated to this im- codes from the Ciceronian era Perrine Galand-Hallyn & portant topic in Roman and late antiquity, before e- Sylvie Laigneau & Carlos society, Laelius or De amici- xamining its evolution in the Lévy & Wim Verbaal, La classical era. The third section société des amis à Rome et tia (44 B.C.), has been the su- bject of overlapping resear- considers amicitia in Catullus’ dans la littérature médiévale personal sphere and in the e- et humaniste, Brepols, ches which aim at defining the structure and its prescriptive legiac poets between the end Turnhout, Collection of the Republic and the be- Latinitates, n° 2, 418 p., character, the traditional Ro- ginning of the Empire, then in 85,00 EUR man auctoritates upon which it relies, the examples it in- the Renaissance, among hu- This work offers a diachro- volves and even its connec- manists such as Poliziano, nic and multi-disciplinary tions to Cicero's speeches or Budé, Lascaris, Macrin, Du reflection about the essential the way in which a contempo- Bellay and through the speci- concept of friendship (ami- rary and avant-garde poet like fic genre of Alba amicorum. citia) analysing the way it Catullus could read it. The se- The fourth and last section fo- has been theorized and put cond section of the volume cuses on the correspondence into practice by Romans and analyses the role of “frien- as mirror of friendship, from their successors according to dship” in social and political Pliny the Younger to Bu- the evolution of mentality sbecq, and Alcuin, Bernard of and institutions. The book of Chiaravalle and Buchanan. 3 New publications about Cicero - News

A NEW INTERLINEAR TRANSLATION OF TULLIANA ARRIVES DE SIGNIS FOR L’HARMATTAN IN SLOVENIA

ever interfered with the Latin text. Thus, in the case of LXVII, 150, the original text on the e- ven page Laudent te iam sane Mamertini, quoniam ex tota prouincia soli sunt qui te sa- luum uelint, is divided on the The University of Lubiana

odd one in the following way: On Friday 19 and Saturday 20 Laudent te / iam sane Mamerti- June the third Seminar on the ni / quoniam ex tota provincia / continuity of antiquity, pro- soli sunt qui velint / te saluum moted by the local academic (esse). Everybody knows there office in association with se- are other didactic arrangements veral Italian and Swiss Uni- of the text: Mamertini / qui sunt versities, was held at the soli / ex tanta provincia / qui ve- University of Lubiana (Slove- lint te salvum / iam laudent te nia). During the conference, sane. M. Kardos' choice preser- Prof. Ermanno Malaspina pre- ves both the text’s intelligibility sented a talk entitled Cicero and wholeness. The several bra- redivivus? New forms of sur- ckets which fill the gaps assure vival for a Roman classic: the Marie-José Kardos, [trad.], De the readability of the interlinear site Tulliana.eu. signis, L'Harmattan, , 295 translation (XXI, 47, quod hoc p. 28,00 EUR (avril 2009). monstrum, quod prodigium in prouinciam missimus = quel NEWS FROM BOLOGNA The work signals the return of (est) ce monstre (que), quel (est Under the direction of Lucia the interlinear translation. The le) fléau (que) nous avons envo- Calboli Montefusco the vo- last famous French edition was yé dans (cette) province). Some lume Papers on rhetoric IX, the one by Thibaut & Guérout words are not translated (impe- from the Centre of Rhetorical 1817. A short introduction pre- rium) and can be expressed by and Grammatical Studies of cedes the volume and, for more ad hoc terms (praeter fructus the University of Bologna has details, the author refers back to suos = excepté les productions- been published. Among the her study published in Silves la- de-ses-terres). The author has Ciceronian contributions we tines, Atlande, 2008-2009. The chosen to give life to the interli- notice: G. Calboli, The knowl- text is based on the Peterson near translation in contemporary edge of the Rhetorica ad Her- 1907 edition which sometimes language rather than in “transla- ennium from later Roman has been further corrected by tionese”. At the end of the vo- Empire to early Middle Ages more recent editions (Bornecque lume many notes explain the in northern Italy; Ch. Craig, & Rabaud 1927 et Baldo 2004). adopted choices, offering an e- Treating oratio figurata in This De signis volume with di- xplanatory commentary mostly Cicero's Speeches: the case of dactic purpose offers a double of grammatical nature. Marie- pro Marcello; M. J. Edwards, translation, literary and line by José Kardos is a researcher at The Gods in the Attic Orators; line, which nervertheless allows the University of Nancy 2. You A. Milazzo, The Paraphrase us to follow the rhythm of the can find out her Bibliography in Prose from Poetic Origi- text. The author, unlike other e- Tulliana.eu. PhR nals as Rhetorical Exercise. ditions of this kind, has hardly 4 Interview with Yasunari Takada

Philippe Rousselot : In the foreword to « Tran- Pierre Grimal’s (bigger) tures, eds. Vasunia & Stevens scendental Descent », you Cicéron on display at FNAC. (Oxford UP, forthcoming) wrote some biographical lines It struck me truly extraordi- Under these circumstances it about yourself and the expan- nary --- something like an en- is an enjoyable and illuminat- sion of your intellectual hori- counter of the third kind, --- ing experience to make cul- zon towards Classical Antiq- to find a book on Cicero tural interventions for Cicero uity. You confessed that « in stacked up in the front row of and Latin's sake. due time, and for reasons a a bookshop. For me, this was little too complicated to state, a cultural shock as well as a my initial research horizons good reminder of the con- came to find their axis in spicuous and strange lack of Cicero ». Would it be possible academic or other Ciceronian to make the statement less presence in Japan. At that complicated now ? time, we had not any book on Cicero, not even an introduc- Prof. Takada : tory one. On my return I ap- proached the publishing house My first approach to Cicero PhR : which is responsible for the was made, as perhaps is usual As Gaston Boissier would say, Japanese version of the « Que with most people, during the are you a friend of Cicero ? sais-je ? » series, for the course of Latin, which I Prof. Takada : translation of Grimal’s started in my sophomore year I don’t have a straightforward (smaller) Cicéron. Therefore, (at the age of 19). Toward the answer. All I can say with any it was not sheer intellectual end of first semester, after certainty is that all my sympa- curiosity --- at least at the having rapidly gone through thy goes to Cicero in his later outset --- but a sense of re- the basic grammar, «Somnium years, when he lost not only sponsibility as a student of Scipionis» was offered as a his former power and glory Western European culture and first piece of reading material. but also his beloved daughter. civilization that initiated my I found it interesting but I was If pity is akin to love, I find in interest in Cicero. But, once not particularly impressed: him a good fellow traveller. on track, my Ciceronian pro- naturally, the level of Latin I ject, mainly in the mould of a attained at that time was not PhR : « reception-study », com- enough either for full appre- As far as I know, you are the pelled me to take cognizance ciation or to grasp Cicero’s translator of Grimal’s of the ingrained bias under significance in general. Then « Cicéron » in Japanese. which the Japanese and Euro- elapsed a long time, during What do you think about that pean studies had been con- which I spent some years in book ? Do you agree with Pi- ducted. Briefly, it is the « tyr- England (Cambridge) study- erre Grimal when he stated anny of Greece » along with ing medieval Latin and in the that Cicero was a conserva- the « tyranny of Germany » in US (Yale & Florida) doing re- tive mind, or would you prefer classical studies ; the outright search on medieval English, what is written by Giordano worship of (Julius) Caesar in before being reminded of Bruno, that Cicero was the the political and cultural mi- Cicero’s importance. It hap- man of the middle way, fully lieu. (For a more detailed ver- pened in 1986: while I was involved in the maintenance of sion of this, cf. my article in spending a few summer peace and the equilibrium of Classics and National Cul- months in Paris, I came across power in the republic ? (or, 5 Interview with Yasunari Takada

more recently, what Emanuele nian development : from « De Narducci wrote about Inventione » to « De Ora- Cicero’s « moderatismo »). tore ») ; Chapter III, Cicero on Prof. Takada : Stage (Catiline Conspiracy in It seems to me that it is diffi- Ben Jonson, Voltaire, Crebil- cult to find a more succinct lon, Ibsen) ; Chapter IV, Poli- and well-balanced survey tics as a Virtue (Genealogy of book on Cicero than the Gri- Glory ; « De Republica » and mal’s one. If it is a conserva- the Tradition of «Somnium tive mind to maintain the ex- Scipionis ») ; Chapter V, A there had been only few isting political and social or- Perspective on Occidentalism pieces of translation, e.g., der, I think Cicero is conser- (Greece and Rome ; the un- « On Friendship » and « On vative. But his kind of conser- dercurrent of Latin in West- the Old Age ». The appear- vatism seems rather too ideal- European Culture ; Against ance of the major works in istic and too fundamentalist to « the Tyranny of Greece » and translation, however, has ap- be a sheer preserver of the Th. Mommsen). parently little affected the status quo. After all, a would- state of affairs in Ciceronian be career elite of equestrian PhR : scholarship. The addition of a origin could not afford to be What is the current state of trivial note, Anthony Everitt’s an authoritarian traditionalist. research concerning Cicero- « Cicero : A Turbulent Life » nian affairs in Japan ? Are (2001 ; Japanese translation PhR : there other scholars you think by myself in 2006) has unex- Will we someday get a chance we have to know ? Have you pectedly been selling well. to read in a western language any disciples interested in As for the second question, your book about Cicero’s tra- Cicero ? there seem to be few genuine dition in western culture ? Ciceronians today, but we are And may we have a kind of Prof. Takada : not without distinguished preview of what you wrote in Toward the end of the 20th scholars who have made spe- this book ? century, as it happened, one cialist studies on Cicero in of the most distinguished their own fields: Tadasuke Prof. Takada : publishing houses in Japan Yoshimura (Roman history) It would be more than won- (Iwanami-shoten) decided to and Akira Koba (Roman law). derful if there appeared a rare implement the grand transla- Among my students, so far Ciceronian patron/publisher to tion project of Cicero's major Cicero has been fighting a los- take the trouble to do the works (14 vols. in total). It ing battle against Aristotle, translation and publication. began in 1999 and it has Shakespeare, Walter Benja- Being a bit more realistic, let been duly completed in sev- min or Jacques Derrida. me give you the chapter head- eral years. My small book on ings along with some key- Cicero, the first of its kind PhR : words just to tickle your inter- ever written in Japanese, was Are there any Roman ideas, est. Chapter I, Cicero in the in fact commissioned by the especially the Ciceronian Renaissance Italy (Petrarch’s publisher to play the role of a ones, very hard to translate discovery and transformation general introduction and, as in Japanense ? of Cicero’s image) ; Chapter it were, a poster for this II, Father of Eloquence (tradi- grand project. Before that, Prof. Takada : tion of rhetoric and Cicero-

6

Interview with Yasunari Takada - News

Yes, there are, for example What about your projects ? ELOQUENCE the following : optimates, populares, nobilitas, dignitas, Prof. Takada : IN GREECE AND ROME amicitia, humanitas. I have been long interested in Giancarlo Abbamonte, Loren- the problem of Cicero recep- zo Miletti, Luigi Spina (edited PhR : tion in 18th-century Western by), Speeches to the test. Acts Why is "humanitas" so diffi- Europe, more specifically, the from the Fifth Italo-French cult to translate in Japanese ? significance of « De natura Colloquim 'Speeches Spoken, deorum », « De fini- Speeches Heard: Contexts of Prof. Takada: bus bonorum et malorum» and Eloquence through Greece, It is a word highly charged « De officiis » in the thought Rome and Europe’, Naples – with a dense cultural history and culture of the 18th- S. Maria di Castellabate (SA), and tradition. I can put it in century England, France and 21-23 September 2006, (De- some form of Chinese char- Germany.The project, as a partment of Classical Philo- acters denoting human na- matter of fact, does not de- logy "F. Arnaldi" publications ture, a quality of being essen- serve the name of « a work in n.s. 1), Naples, Department of tially human, etc. But it does progress » but « a work hardly Classical Philology "F. Ar- not make sense: Confucian in progress ». naldi"- Giannini, 2009, pp. humanism and Greek-Roman Any advice, suggestion or 644, ISBN 978-88-743-14- humanism are totally differ- what is not in this connection, 331 ent. therefore, will be most wel- The work is completely Confucian humanitas, from come. online. Three articles are par- which derives the Japanese PhR: ticularly interesting for Tul- humanitas, lacks any quality Thank you very much, Profes- lianan topics: R. Ucciero, of philosophical initiative. sor Takada. Concerning a Hero's Speech PhR : (Gell. 15, 6), 343-362; Y. Le- hmann, Discours méditatif et Luca Fezzi, The tribune Clodius, Roma-Bari, Laterza, 2008, méditation discursive dans le pp. 148, euro 12. «Cicero» de Stefan Zweig, 363-374; C. Renda, The Re- The writing of a biography about Clodius presents undeniable dif- ceivers of the Pro Sestio: ficulties because of the marked partiality of the sources, first and Three Degrees of Structure, foremost, Cicero, who, in describing this character, often played Reading, Reception of the Ci- on mechanisms of selection, omission and interpretation. In Fez- ceronian Text, 375-390. Very zi's volume the ancient sources, punctually listed in the appendix, interesting is the final round are carefully examined even where there are not explicit referen- table (Can you still Defend ces to them. The author, without expecting to clarify everything, and Practise Rhetoric? 579- highlights the most mysterious sides of events concerning Milo's 620) which includes presenta- famous enemy and he brings out the positive elements about Clo- tions by L. Spina (Introduc- dius’ public exprerience, above all the important and prolific tri- tion), L. Green, (The Global bunician activity. The main scholarly merit is the fact he effecti- Study of Rhetoric), G. Moretti vely presents not only the figure of Clodius in a popular volume, (Can you still Defend and but also the contemporary political situation which is often sim- Practise Rhetoric Nowa- plified in popularized historiography on the basis of the polariza- days?), L. Pernot (Rhetoric tion along lines of force, which actually turned out as winning or Nowadays), N. Polla Mattiot losing. Amedeo A. Raschieri (The Recovery of Rhetoric Starts from the Reality). 7