Federal Aviation Administration, DOT § 91.9

101 of this chapter, and ultralight vehi- § 91.7 Civil . cles operated in accordance with part (a) No person may operate a civil air- 103 of this chapter) within the United craft unless it is in an airworthy condi- States, including the waters within 3 tion. nautical miles of the U.S. coast. (b) The pilot in command of a civil (b) Each person operating an aircraft aircraft is responsible for determining in the airspace overlying the waters be- tween 3 and 12 nautical miles from the whether that aircraft is in condition coast of the United States must com- for safe flight. The pilot in command ply with §§ 91.1 through 91.21; §§ 91.101 shall discontinue the flight when un- through 91.143; §§ 91.151 through 91.159; airworthy mechanical, electrical, or §§ 91.167 through 91.193; § 91.203; § 91.205; structural conditions occur. §§ 91.209 through 91.217; § 91.221; §§ 91.303 § 91.9 Civil aircraft flight manual, through 91.319; §§ 91.323 through 91.327; marking, and placard requirements. § 91.605; § 91.609; §§ 91.703 through 91.715; and § 91.903. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (c) This part applies to each person (d) of this section, no person may oper- on board an aircraft being operated ate a civil aircraft without complying under this part, unless otherwise speci- with the operating limitations speci- fied. fied in the approved Airplane or Rotor- (d) This part also establishes require- craft Flight Manual, markings, and ments for operators to take actions to placards, or as otherwise prescribed by support the continued airworthiness of the certificating authority of the coun- each airplane. try of registry. (b) No person may operate a U.S.-reg- [Doc. No. 18334, 54 FR 34292, Aug. 18, 1989, as istered civil aircraft— amended by Amdt. 91–257, 64 FR 1079, Jan. 7, 1999; Amdt. 91–282, 69 FR 44880, July 27, 2004; (1) For which an Airplane or Rotor- Amdt. 91–297, 72 FR 63410, Nov. 8, 2007] craft Flight Manual is required by § 21.5 of this chapter unless there is available § 91.3 Responsibility and authority of in the aircraft a current, approved Air- the pilot in command. plane or Rotorcraft Flight Manual or (a) The pilot in command of an air- the manual provided for in § 121.141(b); craft is directly responsible for, and is and the final authority as to, the operation (2) For which an Airplane or Rotor- of that aircraft. craft Flight Manual is not required by (b) In an in-flight emergency requir- § 21.5 of this chapter, unless there is ing immediate action, the pilot in com- available in the aircraft a current ap- mand may deviate from any rule of proved Airplane or Rotorcraft Flight this part to the extent required to Manual, approved manual material, meet that emergency. markings, and placards, or any com- (c) Each pilot in command who devi- bination thereof. ates from a rule under paragraph (b) of (c) No person may operate a U.S.-reg- this section shall, upon the request of istered civil aircraft unless that air- the Administrator, send a written re- craft is identified in accordance with port of that deviation to the Adminis- part 45 of this chapter. trator. (d) Any person taking off or landing (Approved by the Office of Management and a helicopter certificated under part 29 Budget under control number 2120–0005) of this chapter at a heliport con- structed over water may make such § 91.5 Pilot in command of aircraft re- momentary flight as is necessary for quiring more than one required takeoff or landing through the prohib- pilot. ited range of the limiting height-speed No person may operate an aircraft envelope established for the helicopter that is type certificated for more than if that flight through the prohibited one required pilot flight crewmember range takes place over water on which unless the pilot in command meets the a safe ditching can be accomplished requirements of § 61.58 of this chapter. and if the helicopter is amphibious or

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is equipped with floats or other emer- (b) Except in an emergency, no pilot gency flotation gear adequate to ac- of a civil aircraft may allow a person complish a safe emergency ditching on who appears to be intoxicated or who open water. demonstrates by manner or physical indications that the individual is under § 91.11 Prohibition on interference the influence of drugs (except a med- with crewmembers. ical patient under proper care) to be No person may assault, threaten, in- carried in that aircraft. timidate, or interfere with a crew- (c) A crewmember shall do the fol- member in the performance of the lowing: crewmember’s duties aboard an air- (1) On request of a law enforcement craft being operated. officer, submit to a test to indicate the § 91.13 Careless or reckless operation. alcohol concentration in the blood or (a) Aircraft operations for the purpose breath, when— of air navigation. No person may oper- (i) The law enforcement officer is au- ate an aircraft in a careless or reckless thorized under State or local law to manner so as to endanger the life or conduct the test or to have the test property of another. conducted; and (b) Aircraft operations other than for (ii) The law enforcement officer is re- the purpose of air navigation. No person questing submission to the test to in- may operate an aircraft, other than for vestigate a suspected violation of State the purpose of air navigation, on any or local law governing the same or sub- part of the surface of an used stantially similar conduct prohibited by aircraft for air commerce (including by paragraph (a)(1), (a)(2), or (a)(4) of areas used by those aircraft for receiv- this section. ing or discharging persons or cargo), in (2) Whenever the FAA has a reason- a careless or reckless manner so as to able basis to believe that a person may endanger the life or property of an- have violated paragraph (a)(1), (a)(2), or other. (a)(4) of this section, on request of the FAA, that person must furnish to the § 91.15 Dropping objects. FAA the results, or authorize any clin- No pilot in command of a civil air- ic, hospital, or doctor, or other person craft may allow any object to be to release to the FAA, the results of dropped from that aircraft in flight each test taken within 4 hours after that creates a hazard to persons or acting or attempting to act as a crew- property. However, this section does member that indicates an alcohol con- not prohibit the dropping of any object centration in the blood or breath speci- if reasonable precautions are taken to men. avoid injury or damage to persons or (d) Whenever the Administrator has a property. reasonable basis to believe that a per- § 91.17 Alcohol or drugs. son may have violated paragraph (a)(3) of this section, that person shall, upon (a) No person may act or attempt to request by the Administrator, furnish act as a crewmember of a civil air- craft— the Administrator, or authorize any (1) Within 8 hours after the consump- clinic, hospital, doctor, or other person tion of any alcoholic beverage; to release to the Administrator, the re- (2) While under the influence of alco- sults of each test taken within 4 hours hol; after acting or attempting to act as a (3) While using any drug that affects crewmember that indicates the pres- the person’s faculties in any way con- ence of any drugs in the body. trary to safety; or (e) Any test information obtained by (4) While having an alcohol con- the Administrator under paragraph (c) centration of 0.04 or greater in a blood or (d) of this section may be evaluated or breath specimen. Alcohol concentra- in determining a person’s qualifica- tion means grams of alcohol per deci- tions for any airman certificate or pos- liter of blood or grams of alcohol per sible violations of this chapter and 210 liters of breath. may be used as evidence in any legal

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