Lecturers Want to Revolutionize Higher Educational System

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Published by: Jargon Media Sp. z o.o. Index Number: 236683 ISSN: 1898-4762 NO. 40 WWW.KRAKOWPOST.COM FEBRUARY 21-FEBRUARY 27, 2008 Lecturers want to revolutionize higher educational system PKP makes plans to modernize stations Polish Railway Lines (PKP) plans to spend more than 30 mln zloty in 2008 to modernize railway stations in Poland 2 City guards vow to pursue truants Laws proposed by the Ministry of Education will enable city guards to question young people suspected of truancy and report them to school authorities 3 Andzej Wajda fit for Oscars trip Leading film director Andrzej Wajda said he had received a green light from his cardiologist to travel to Hollywood 4

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Nangar Khel? Huge amounts of money from the national budget are to flow to the best Polish educational institutions and an additional 4 mln euro from EU funds is to be available by the end of 2013. PHOTO/LUK Agency Seven soldiers accused of a massacre in Nangar Khel are ordered Iwona Bojarczuk tional Accreditation Commission that will The report shows the terrible condition Beata Kowalska, doctor of sociology at to remain in pre-trial detention 4 STAFF JOURNALIST rate Polish academies according to their of Polish higher education. Inadequate Jagiellonian University, said Polish edu- achievements, the quality of research financing of Polish academies was recog- cation needs fast reform and the report of Science Minister Barbara Kudrycka and modern didactics. Polish researchers nized as the most important factor weak- Collegium Civitas will surely accelerate wants to completely change the image of think this is not enough and stress that ening Polish education. it. She added that financial donations are Religion included in Polish higher education. Huge amounts the opinions of experts from abroad are “Scientists do not have the opportunity not crucial in this case. of money are to flow to the best Polish needed in order to guarantee the objec- of development because they suffer from “Money is not an antidote for all de- school GPA educational institutions from the national tive choice of Poland’s best institutions. a permanent lack of financing for the scribed problems. The way academies Gov’t, church reps met to discuss budget and 4 mln euro from EU funds are This opinion is shared by the chairman of research and the lack of equipment nec- and universities manage finances in gen- this controversial decree inherited to be available by the end of 2013. the Polish Academy of Science, Michal essary to carry out that research, ”Anna eral, the verification of the work of the “Flagships,” as she calls future leaders Kleiber, who supports Kudrycka’s view. Kolczynska from Science Circle of Stu- administration and scientists didactics as from the previous gov’t 6 of Polish higher education, are to be given “If we want to give an opportunity for dents of Sociology of Collegium Civitas well, the schools’ relation to their students the best equipment and the best lecturers the development of our greatest minds wrote in the report. – these are the tasks needing immediate Reach your clients before from Poland and abroad. The rest of the with a low level of financing, our sci- Other problems of Polish education are fundamental changes,” Kowalska said. they set foot in Krakow. positions in higher education are to be ence and higher education institutions poor relations among those in the science “Education is a ticket not only for find- The Krakow Post is mainly didactic. must significantly strengthen the biggest environment. “Ossified structures and the ing better jobs but it also produces critical currently available The rector of Jagiellonian University, and most preferable faculties. Using EU blocking of promotion for young scien- thinking. In other words, it is an important professor Karol Musiol, said, “There is funds should prevent us from lowering tists are the most commonly appearing element in creating a society of conscien- on board flights of no country in the world where all higher the financing of research at other deserv- pathologies within the science environ- tious, active citizens – and they are who LOT, Brussels schools represent the same level. The ing academies.” ment,” Kolaczynska said. we should take care of,” Kowalska said. and Lufthansa reform is to be performed so all higher In Kleiber’s opinion such flagship “Polish higher education and science In her opinion, the introduction of stu- airlines schools could improve. The future will academies or faculties would have to be is not good and that is why we are work- dent credits does not solve the problem show which will make use of that chance limited in number. They should fight for ing on modernizing the system. More because many people cannot find a job and which will not. I am sure that the privileges and could not keep them in competition is needed among academies and have problems paying student loans competition will be an impetus not only perpetuity. and research projects but also among in spite of graduating. “Looking at the in Poland but also at the international The impetus for introducing new solu- scientists. I agree that the criteria for discussion so far, we may think that the level.” tions in higher education was a report by giving grants and science promotion are entire scientific community supports the The details of the project were pre- Collegium Civitas, a non-public higher not correct now. They need to be made introduction of paid studies. I hope that pared by a 10-person group for reform of academy from Warsaw. It conducted a objective and the career paths of young the voice of those who are against it will higher education established a few days survey on the web site of the Committee scientists should be ensured,” wrote Ku- be included as well,” Kowalska added. before by Kudrycka and others. Flagship for Rescuing Polish Science in which al- drycka in a statement to the Polish Press academies are to be chosen by the Na- most 400 Polish scientists took part. Agency (PAP). See “Professor Musiol talks ed. reform” on pg. 12 for related story 2 The Krakow Post POLAND FEBRUARY 21-FEBRUARY 27

R E G I O N A L N E W S Security officers detain Belarus PKP modernizes stations Pig farmers opposition leader on way to rally Belarusian security officers early this week de- march on tained opposition leader Alexander Milinkevich for three hours as he made his way to a rally against the country’s authoritarian regime, he told AFP. Milinkevich, a former presidential candidate, and capital for two of his political allies were detained by plain- clothes security officers and taken to the prosecutor’s office in the Belarusian capital Minsk. “We were questioned for more than three hours,” more dough Milinkevich said, adding that prosecutors were interested in who was behind a protest rally by small-scale traders and entrepreneurs that took place on Jan. 10. Belarus has seen a series of demonstrations in recent weeks against the leadership of President Alexander Lukashenko. The country has been branded by the U.S. as Eu- rope’s “last dictatorship.” On Jan. 21, police beat and arrested several people during a demonstration by entrepreneurs, who have recently taken the lead in opposition campaigning. Milinkevich, a mild-mannered physicist and former deputy mayor who speaks several European languages, stood unsuccessfully against Lukashenko in the 2006 election, which the West criticized as rigged. He has remained active both at home and in rallying Western opposition to Lukashenko’s administration. He spent 15 days in jail in 2006 for involvement in an opposition rally. Another opposition candidate at the 2006 election, Alexander Kozulin, is serving a term of five-and-a- half years for public order offences. However, another opposition activist imprisoned for criticizing Lukashenko said that he had been pardoned and released from prison. The Belarusian leader has been in power since 1994 and changed the constitution to allow him to run for his current third term in office. (AFP)

Ukraine, EU launch free trade agence france-presse talks after sealing WTO bid Ukrainian President Viktor Yushchenko and EU Several hundred Polish pig farmers took Trade Commissioner Peter Mandelson launched to the streets of Warsaw early this week talks early this week on creating a free trade area, protesting against pork prices which they after Kyiv successfully sealed a bid for WTO mem- complain are so low that they are produc- bership. As they met in Kyiv the two men described ing at a loss. the talks ahead as “challenging.” “Pig farmers are in a position where “We are embarking on a very challenging jour- we’re losing money,” Zdzislaw Stepnowski ney.... It will be long and complex work but it will not take a day longer than necessary,” Mandelson a 57-year-old farmer from Poland’s north- told Yushchenko during their meeting. west Kujawsko-Pomorskie region, told Yushchenko said: “We have started the official AFP. “We’re losing about 80 to 100 zloty process on the creation of a free trade area between (22-28 euro, $32-40) on each pig.” Ukraine and the EU.... We are at the beginning of “We want the government to increase a long, challenging and ambitious path in our his- intervention purchase prices to reflect real tory.” production costs – about 500 zloty per The Ukrainian president said that liberalization of pig,” he said. “Otherwise we’ll go out of trade relations between Ukraine and the EU would PKP will remodel its stations. help modernize Ukraine’s economy. He pointed out business and corporations will take over that the EU, not Russia, was now Ukraine’s main Kinga Rodkiewicz spent in Zielona Gora, Tarnow and Gorzow Wiel- mining region. production.” trading partner. staff journalist kopolski. Poland has about 50 big railway stations, which Farmers from several organizations Yushchenko came to power in 2005 after the PKP, the state-owned railway company, in 2008 are used each year by 60 mln passengers. Poland’s including Individual Farmers’ Solidarity pro-Western Orange Revolution, promising to wrest Polish Railway Lines (PKP) plans to spend more will also choose financial partners to build new rail system is the third largest in Europe. rallied in front of the Agriculture Ministry Ukraine from Moscow’s orbit and bring the country than 30 mln zloty in 2008 to modernize railway railway stations in Katowice and Warsaw. The con- PKP was formed in 2001, when the state-owned in central Warsaw before marching to the into the EU, NATO and the World Trade Organiza- stations in Poland. Among many changes the pas- struction will take place during 2009 and 2010. Polish Railway Lines was restructured to meet chancellery of liberal Prime Minister Don- tion (WTO). Ukraine’s WTO bid was approved on ald Tusk. Farmers left a papier-mache pig Feb. 5. (AFP) sengers will notice will be video-monitor security However, many people oppose a new station in EU guidelines. It operates passenger rail services, systems at 19 stations, including Opole, Poznan, Katowice. The main reason is the unique construc- such as PKP Intercity and PKP Regional, as well as and a basket of sugar beets in front of the Belarus political prisoner Lodz, Torun and JeleniaGora. tion of the 1972 building, an example of modern freight transport (PKP Cargo). Agriculture Ministry and their petitions at pardoned, released from jail Poland must improve its infrastructure to com- architecture. The station’s main hall was designed The company also manages about 3,200 train both institutions. ply with EU standards. The quality of the Polish by recognized Polish architects of the period: stations throughout the country. Poland ranks as the 27-member EU’s A Belarusian opposition activist imprisoned for rail infrastructure and its terminals and stations is Waclaw Klyszewski, Jerzy Mokrzynski and Euge- PKP has various other entities: telecommunica- number four pork producer. With the aver- criticizing authoritarian President Alexander Lu- still poor, hampering both passenger and freight niusz Wierzbicki. Its construction was supervized tions, food service, energy and IT services. With the age Pole consuming about 42 kilograms of kashenko said late last week that he had been par- service. That’s why so much money will be invest- by Waclaw Zalewski. The hall’s unique shape was EU opening borders for railway systems to com- pork per year, it is the most most popular doned and released from prison. meat in Poland. “I was freed under a presidential pardon,” Andrei ed in rail transport. More than 21 mln zloty will be tailored to the shifting earth in the former coal pete, PKP is looking to expand outside of Poland. Klimov told AFP after returning from a prison outside the capital Minsk. He said he believed his release was linked to “a move to free other political prisoners.” “I hope Lukashenko has finally decided to move towards cooperation with the EU” which has de- Castro departure not end of Cuba’s Communists manded the release of political prisoners, he said. Klimov was arrested in April 2007 for publishing agence france-presse an article critical of Lukashenko on the Internet and sentenced to two years in prison. Fidel Castro’s decision to step down will not He earlier served time for organizing street pro- tests against the government. mean the end of communism in Cuba, former Polish At least four other opponents of the regime have president and anti-Communist icon Lech Walesa said been released before the end of their terms so far early this week.

this year. (AFP) “If Castro keeps handing over power at this pace, cc:sa:MarceloMontecino he won’t actually give it up for 200 years,” Walesa Belarus, Russia discuss boosting said in a swipe at the Cuban leader’s slow withdrawal gas transit via Beltransgaz from office after almost two years of illness. Belarus’s gas transit company Beltransgaz and “Unfortunately this doesn’t mark a first step to- Russia’s gas monopoly Gazprom have discussed wards democracy in Cuba, because Castro still con- boosting Russian gas transit through Belarus, Bel- trols the (Communist) Party and the army. And there’s transgaz’s director said late last week in televised still his brother Raul and all their buddies from the comments. Castro clan, so communism is still well in place in “We are holding talks regarding a boost in transit Cuba,” Walesa said in a statement sent to AFP. toward (Russia’s westernmost enclave of) Kalinin- The former shipyard electrician was a leader of Po- grad and Ukraine,” Vladimir Mayorov said, adding that “technical capabilities are up to this.” land’s Solidarity trade union which faced off with the According to Mayorov, last year’s transit through country’s Communist authorities in the 1980s – for Belarus topped the contracted amount by five bln cu- which he won a Nobel prize in 1983. bic meters. Earlier this week a gas dispute between “The international community should maintain its Russia and Ukraine, which is another major transit pressure on Havana’s regime so Cubans will be able route for Russian gas, raised fears of a possible dis- to enjoy real freedom,” added Walesa, who became ruption of gas supplies to Europe. (AFP) Poland’s first freely-elected president in 1990. Mean- EU newcomer Lithuania while in Warsaw, Poland’s foreign minister called Castro one of the world’s “longest reigning Commu- celebrates 90 years of freedom nist tyrants.” EU newcomer Lithuania late last week celebrated “I hope his departure from the pinnacle of power the 90th anniversary of The Act of Independence, that will give the Cuban nation an opportunity for de- re-established Lithuanian statehood after more than a mocratization and development which was unheard century of Russian occupation. of under his government,” Radoslaw Sikorski told “Today is a special day, we look at it with pride, it reporters. inspires us with fortitude,” Lithuanian President Val- In a message published by the online version of the das Adamkus said at a special ceremony in parliament in the capital Vilnius. “It was 90 years ago, when the Cuban Communist Party newspaper Granma, the 81- nation achieved the right to freely create its future and year-old Castro said he would not seek the presidency to build its own state.” (AFP) again when it is decided later this week. Fidel Castro steps down. FEBRUARY 21-FEBRUARY 27 POLAND The Krakow Post 3 Irish PM to visit Poland wants training Slovenia, Austria and Poland school for snipers MON cc:sa:ProhibitOnions

agence france-presse in Europe (OSCE). The OSCE is the largest regional secu- Irish Prime Minister Bertie Ahern is to rity organization in the world, and Ireland visit Slovenia, Austria and Poland later this was one of the original 35 participating month for a series of meetings on EU af- states when it was founded in 1973. Joanna Zabierek by a platoon commander. a separate group of marksmen has been fairs, a government statement said early this Ahern will also meet Austrian Chancel- staff journalist In Wedrzyn, training will be conducted created. week. Ahern will travel to Slovenia on Feb. lor Alfred Gusenbauer for discussions fo- in several stages. Candidates will learn the- The GROM special forces also have 26 where he will hold talks with Minister cused primarily on EU issues. A center for marksmanship training, the ory as well as practice their marksmanship. marksmen. However, the GROM com- Janez Jansa about priorities for the forth- “They are likely to exchange views on first in Poland, is opening in Wedrzyn (Lu- They will learn not only shooting but also mandos have quite different tasks than the coming Spring European Council and the developments in European Security and buskie, northwest Poland). camouflage, reconnoitering and everything soldiers in other divisions. Lisbon Treaty. Defense Policy, notably the UN Mandated “The center is going to be ready on Feb. about guns. The 17th Regiment is one of the most Ireland is the only one of the 27 nations EU Mission (EUFOR) in Chad, in which 18. We don’t know yet when the first can- Nevertheless, shooting, including all exclusive units in the Polish land army. It in the bloc which will hold a referendum on both countries are participating,” according didates are going to come here,” said Capt. types of machine-guns available in the is composed almost entirely of profession- the treaty. The key vote is expected in late to the statement. Szczepan Gbuszczak, a spokesman for the Polish army, will be the main part of the al soldiers and has the newest, high-tech May or early June. On Feb. 28, Ahern will travel to Poland 17th Armored Regiment of Wielkopolska training course. equipment, including Rosomak armored The two leaders will also have talks for talks with Prime Minister Donald Tusk. in the town of Miedzyrzecz in Lubuskie “The courses will last all year long to transporters. about the revolving six-month EU presi- “In addition to the broad EU agenda, Voivodship. prepare soldiers to work in every weather Miedzyrzecz soldiers are part of the dency which is currently held by Slovenia. discussions are expected to cover the The marksmanship courses will be at- and climate condition,” Capt. Gluszczak Polish contingent in Afghanistan. They In Vienna on Feb. 27, Ahern will address growing bilateral relations between Ire- tended by soldiers selected by their own said. also took part in the Iraq mission. Now they the 56 participating member states of the land and Poland, including the strengthen- units from throughout the country. Until The Regiment of Miedzyrzecz is the are preparing for a mission in Chad and Organization for Security and Cooperation ing business links,” the statement says. now, marksmen were trained individually first Polish unit of the land army in which will depart within a few days. City guards vow to pursue truants What’s On? Iwona Bojarczuk staff journalist

New laws proposed by the Ministry of Education will enable city Check out guards (municipal police) to question young people suspected of truancy and report them to school authorities. In many cities across Poland, city guards have undertaken this task our weekly for some time. Lodz authorities since 2000 have had their city guard pursue suspected truants every weekday, and direct them to their respec- tive schools. entertainment This has also been the case in Zabrze, Nysa and Przemysl, though the majority of city guard authorities across Poland have not done so, due to it falling outside their jurisdiction. “The law only allows us to check listings at: a person’s identity if they are suspected of committing an offence,” said Zbigniew Maskiewicz vice commandant of the city guard in Piotrkow www.krakowpost.com Trybunalski. “And there is no law that directly states truancy is an offence.” Commandant of Skierniewice city guard Stanislaw Krawczyk says “If young people are sitting on a park bench and not creating a dis- turbance, there is no reason to check their identity, let alone make an arrest.” The Ministry of Education believes the new policing activity will increase the safety of students. “Our aim is to counteract truant behavior,” said Ministry of Education representative Anna Zadan. “Flagrant truancy is demoralizing for the general student population.” School principals are supportive of the proposed changes. “Each new initiative in this direction acts as a further deterrent to truant behavior,” said Principal Katarzyna Felde of High School Four in Lodz. Others are more skeptical about the effect on young peoples’ per- ception of school and society. The decision about attending school is taken away from young people says Tomasz Grzyb a psychologist from Wroclaw. “There is little emphasis on school providing opportunities for their future. It is represented in this law as more of a punishment,” said Grzyb. Maciej Osuch, a social pupil rights officer, is terrified by the Ministry of Education initiative. He thought the new government would make schools more inviting for students. Osuch believes city guards pursuing students is sending the wrong message, “What does this say about Polish schools? It makes our schools look like prisons. Next there will be a curfew for young people,” said Osuch. 4 The Krakow Post POLAND FEBRUARY 21-FEBRUARY 27

R E G I O N A L N E W S Court remands British DJ facing child porn charges Former pioneer British radio disc jockey and Wajda fit for Oscars trip Beatles music producer Chris Denning was re- manded in custody by a Bratislava court late last week after facing child pornography charges. “The Bratislava district court took the charged into custody,” regional court spokesman Pavol Adamciak said, adding that 66-year-old Denning faced charges of immoral behavior and producing and possessing child pornography. Denning, who has already been jailed on similar charges in the Czech Republic and Britain, agreed to his extradition to Slovakia, where a Eu- ropean warrant was issued in December in connection with offences involving four boys, aged 16 and 17, dating from 2002 and 2003. Denning argued against the decision to re- mand him in custody, with the court due to review it within weeks, Adamciak said. He protested his innocence ahead of the hearing. “I am certainly not guilty. I was cheated by some young man,” Denning told waiting journalists, adding that he could not remember his name. He later told the court that he was told that young men helping make a porn video were over 18 years old, Adamciak added. A police search of his house in Bratislava in April 2004 uncovered child pornography tapes, according to the Slovak police. Denning was then taken into custody by a Bratislava court but fled the country on release. Denning was one of the original disc jockeys at Radio Luxembourg, whose creation helped reshape the British broad- casting scene, later joining BBC Radio 1 and working with The Beatles and Gary Glitter. The next hearing in Bratislava is expected within several weeks, Adamciak said. (AFP) Ex-strongman Jaruzelski in serious condition General Wojciech Jaruzelski, Poland’s Commu- nist-era strongman who tried and ultimately failed to crush the Solidarity union, is seriously ill in hospital, medical staff and aides said early this week. Staff at Jaruzelski’s Warsaw office said the 84- year-old was hospitalized a week ago suffering from pneumonia and heart problems, and was in a “serious Andrzej Wajda. condition.” “He has been hospitalized with us,” Wojciech Maja Czarnecka tells the epic story of warrior-leader Geng- 6,” Wajda said. his country’s responsibility. Lubinski, spokesman for Warsaw’s military hospital agence france-presse his Khan, and Russia’s “12,” by Nikita The massacre at Katyn, a forest in west- But after a probe, the Russian refused in told AFP. Mikhalkov, about a jury pondering its ver- ern Russia, came after the Soviet Union’s 2004 to acknowledge Katyn as a crime. “His life isn’t in danger and he will remain in hos- Leading film director Andrzej Wajda, dict on a Chechen boy accused of murder- deal with Nazi Germany to invade and “Katyn” opened in Poland on Sept. 17, pital for a few days more,” Lubinski added. 81, said early this week he had received a ing his step-father. carve up Poland, in 1939. The 22,500 Pol- 2007, the anniversary of the Soviet inva- But the general’s wife, Barbara Jaruzelska, was green light from his cardiologist to travel to The other nominees are Israel’s “Beau- ish officers and officials captured by the sion, and has already drawn three mln mov- gloomy about his state of health. Hollywood, where his latest work “Katyn” “It seems that he no longer wants to live, nor does fort,” by Joseph Cedar, which spotlights Soviet army were deemed anti-Communist ie-goers in this country of 38 mln people. It he have the will to haul this stinking cart around,” is up for an Oscar. Israeli soldiers based in Lebanon as they “counterrevolutionaries” and picked out was shown out of competition at the Berlin she was quoted as saying in the online edition of “At my age, emotions don’t play much prepare to withdraw, and “The Counter- to be killed by the NKVD secret police in film festival earlier this month, and Ger- the newspaper Dziennik, in an apparent reference to of a role. But I still went to see my cardi- feiters,” a drama from Austria’s Stefan 1940. man Chancellor Angela Merkel attended a Jaruzelski’s legal woes. ologist recently. He told me: ‘Your heart’s Ruzowitzky which is based on a Nazi-led German troops exposed the massacre screening. “When you’ve lost motivation it’s hard to bounce fine. You can go’,” Wajda told reporters on counterfeiting operation in the 1930s. when they found mass graves after Hitler A planned showing in Moscow on back,” she said. the eve of his departure for next Sunday’s Jaruzelski, who was head of state of Communist “Katyn” is Wajda’s fourth shot at an Os- turned on his erstwhile ally Stalin in 1941. March 5 was postponed because of fears Poland and leader of the ruling Polish United Work- Academy Awards ceremony. car. He has been an unsuccessful nominee To deflect criticism by his new allies in the the choice of date – the 55th anniversary of ers’ Party in the 1980s, has suffered regular health “Katyn,” which recounts the World War three times, in 1976 for “Ziemia Obiecana” West, Stalin accused the Germans of kill- Stalin’s death – would be seen as a political scares since the fall of his regime in 1989. II Soviet slaying of thousands of Polish (The Promised Land), in 1979 for “Panny z ing the Poles. The Nazis used news of their statement. The film is now due to be shown He has also faced years of legal headaches. soldiers, including Wajda’s father, is one of Wilka” (The Maids of Wilko) and in 1982 discovery to divert attention from their own there on March 17. Last April he was formally charged with “Commu- five nominees in the best foreign language for “Czlowiek z zelaza” (Man of Iron). He mass murders of Jews. “I’ve done everything I can to ensure this nist crimes,” for declaring martial law on December film category, and is considered a serious 13, 1981 in a bid to stamp out a year-long challenge won an honorary Oscar in 2000 in recogni- The subject remained taboo in post-war film will be shown to our Russian friends. to the regime from the independent Solidarity trade contender. tion of five decades of film-making. Poland until the fall of its Communist re- It exposes a truth – a painful truth. It is ex- union, led by Lech Walesa. Its competitors include Kazakhstan’s “An Oscar for ‘Katyn’ would be a won- gime in 1989. It was only in 1990 that then- tremely important that this truth, as we see Thousands of arrests followed the 1981 crackdown entry “Mongol,” by Sergei Bodrov, which derful gift for my 82nd birthday on March Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev admitted it, be shown in Moscow,” Wajda said. and dozens of people were killed in clashes. Jaruzelski faces up to 10 years in jail if he is found guilty of “having led an armed organization of a crim- inal character.” Jaruzelski has argued that he declared martial law to avoid a bloodbath that would have followed the What happened at Nangar Khel village? collapse of communism in Poland, amid fears of a repeat of the Soviet military intervention seen in Hun- gary in 1956 or Czechoslovakia in 1968. Iwona Bojarczuk ing up to life imprisonment. A seventh soldier done it in Tajikistan.” But his critics claim that was just a pretext to shore staff journalist faces a lesser charge of opening fire on a civil- The families of the accused soldiers are in up his regime. Jaruzelski’s attempt to crush Solidarity ian target. The soldiers and their commander at despair about the court decision lengthening simply drove the movement underground, and in 1989 Seven Polish soldiers accused of a massacre Wazi Khwa base are trying to hold each other their detention. he struck a power-sharing deal with it which sped the in the Afghan village of Nangar Khel have been responsible for the attack. In the soldiers’ opin- “It is a shame for a court of justice,” said the demise of communism. He stayed on as president ion it is Capt. Olgierd C. who issued the order father of Wladyslaw B. until 1990, when he stepped down and Poles chose ordered to remain in pre-trial detention for an- Walesa as their leader in the country’s first free vote. other three months. They were first arrested on to fire on the village. “It destroys young soldiers both physically Jaruzelski is also involved in another long-running Nov. 17, 2007. Their lawyers will appeal the According to one of the soldiers cited by and psychically. The military public prosecu- court case, in which he is accused over the crushing decision by a Warsaw district court to continue “Superwizjer” TVN, Olgierd C. was heard to tor’s office had enough time to carry out the of a workers’ uprising on Poland’s industrial Baltic their detention to the Military Chamber of the say: “Let the gods’ anger fall on this village.” issues connected with explaining that case.” coast in 1970, which officially claimed 44 lives and Supreme Court. Olgierd C., the only one among the seven The prosecutors say they need more time to left hundreds injured. Nangar Khel was shelled with mortars and accused who was not present at the shelling, collect evidence and question witnesses. Jaruzelski’s military bearing and trademark habit machine-gun fire on Aug. 16, 2007. Some of denies saying those words and issuing the or- The wife of one of the soldiers says that es- of wearing dark glasses – the result of eye-damage the shells struck a building where a wedding der to fire. pecially prejudicial to their cases was the state- in his youth – made him into an enduring symbol of party reportedly was under way. Six people In a letter written shortly after the incident, ment of Minister of National Defense Alek- Europe’s Communist dictators. one of the accused soldiers told his wife that the sander Szczyglo that he is not responsible for a But he was not predestined to be a loyal servant of were killed instantly, and two more died later Moscow, having been born into Poland’s minor nobil- from injuries. Women and children were shootings were an accident. “group of idiots who shoot civilians.” ity in 1923. He and his family were deported to Sibe- among the victims, and three women were se- The soldier wrote in the letter, published on The daily newspaper Rzeczpospolita says ria after Hitler and Stalin carved up Poland in 1939 at riously injured. the web site rzeczpospolita.pl, that his platoon that documents in the prosecutor’s office show the start of World War II. The public prosecutor’s office says the sol- was ordered to “raze to the ground” three vil- that the chief commander of the Polish contin- After the Nazi-Soviet pact fell apart in 1941, the diers shelled the village under orders from an lages as a response to an attack on a Polish- gent in Afghanistan has been accused of trying young Jaruzelski joined a Polish army which recruit- officer, although there was no reason to do so. American convoy. However three or four of to hush up the incident in Nangar Khel. Ac- ed deportees to battle the Germans under Moscow’s The soldiers at first said the shelling oc- the 24 mortar shells went astray. The soldier cording to the newspaper, one of the arrested command. He rose rapidly through the ranks while curred during an exchange of fire by both sides. said the the ammunition had not been tested soldiers testified that Gen. Marek Tomaszycki also carving out a parallel career in the Soviet-in- at higher altitudes and some of the shells’ fell persuaded them to hush up the case. spired Polish Communist movement. Later, they admitted falsifying their testimony. After fighting his way to Germany in 1945, Jaru- They said they were returning fire after a Tal- either too far or too close. “He said that we should not say anything zelski returned to Poland and helped crush resistance iban ambush, but the prosecutor’s office said “I am not going to get imprisoned” said the about the accident, help each other and keep by anti-Communist holdouts. the ambush occurred several hours earlier. author of the letter and added: “You will prob- watching that no one commits suicide before Seen as a rising star, he was made Poland’s young- Those accused of the killings are Capt. Ol- ably have to leave this wonderful country.” everything comes to light,” says one of the ac- est general at the age of 33. By 1964 he was a member gierd C., 2nd Lt. Lukasz B., Warrant Officer The latter sentence was the basis for the cused soldiers. of the party’s governing Central Committee, in 1968 Andrzej O., platoon commander Tomasz B. public prosecutor seeking additional detention. The soldier says the general also promised was named defense minister – a post he held for two and private soldiers Damian L., Robert B. and In the prosecutor’s opinion the sentence meant the soldiers that he would transfer them to the decades – and in 1971 finally joined the inner sanctum Jacek J. (Polish law forbids the publishing of that the soldier intended to flee the country. base in Bagram until the end of their mission. of the ruling Politburo. By the time of the 1981 crack- full names of the accused.) The six soldiers are “It is an absurdity, “ says the soldier’s wife, Gen. Tomaszycki admitted that he was present down, he had combined the leadership of the Polish who said that her husband was talking about a at the base but denied that he asked soldiers to military, state and party, and held absolute power until from the landing-assault battalion of Bielsko- MON the regime collapsed eight years later. (AFP) BiaBa and if convicted face sentences rang- vacation. “If he wanted to flee, he would have hush up the case. FEBRUARY 21-FEBRUARY 27 POLAND The Krakow Post 5 Military goes on alert in case U.S. satellite crashes Embasses cc:sa:Poppy face eviction

agence france-presse Washington says a U.S. warship will fire a surface-to-air missile at the satellite Poland is to put its military on alert at a specific point in its orbit that ensures amid concerns that an errant U.S. satellite any Earth-bound debris will splash into could fall to earth if Washington fails with the ocean. Christina Rocca, U.S. ambas- its plans to shoot it down, Defense Minis- sador to the Geneva-based Conference ter Bogdan Klich said late last week. on Disarmament, announced that the Klich said that Poland was among the out-of-commission spy satellite would countries which had been warned by the enter the Earth’s atmosphere on or around U.S. of the risk posed by the satellite, but March 6 if Washington failed to shoot it added that the danger was “minimal.” down. Rocca said the satellite could land Poland’s chief of staff General Fran- “in any region on the Earth’s surface be- ciszek Gagor said that from next week the tween 58.5 degrees North and 58.5 de- authorities had decided to “raise the alert grees South latitudes” – in other words, level to high,” in case parts of the satellite anywhere on the planet except the polar land on Polish territory. regions. Washington has denied sugges- The U.S. says the satellite is the size tions that the shoot-down plan is aimed of a bus and contains a large quantity of at protecting the satellite’s technological hydrazine, an extremely toxic propel- secrets or at demonstrating U.S. anti-sat- lant. The chemical could be dangerous ellite capability. to people on the ground if the satellite “This extraordinary engagement ... is – currently in Earth orbit but being pulled not part of an anti-satellite development down by Earth’s gravity – does not burn and testing program,” said Rocca. up on re-entry, it says. * Ujazdowskie Alley

Joanna Zabierek The Americans say a move would actually be compensation and property have been filed. staff journalist desirable because the current building doesn’t meet Ed Fagan, an American lawyer for the counterterrorism and safety requirements. They say Czetwertynski family, has sued the U.S. govern- Diplomatic outposts in Warsaw are losing their the embassy also is too small and too old. The em- ment in a New York court, demanding $275 mln homes. The Serbian Embassy just finished mov- bassy covers a block of flats built in the 1960s on a in compensation. He has filed an appeal in the ing out, and the embassies of Iran and Finland site where some ancient buildings stood before war. matter after the New York court said it didn’t have face uncertain futures. But the most notable move Whether the Americans want to move or not, it is jurisdiction. may involve the U.S. Embassy. possible they soon won’t have a choice. Since the The embassy isn’t the only problem for the The problem for the embassies is the former early 1990s, the Czetwertynski and Radziwill fami- U.S. in Warsaw. The residence of the U.S. ambas- owners of the buildings they are located in. The lies have been trying to repossess the land beneath sador is in the Mokotow district. The Zoltowski former owners want to repossess the property they the U.S. Embassy. The families owned the land be- family tried to repossess the property, but the court lost after World War II. fore World War II. After the war, the Communist didn’t agree. The family received money but not The daily newspaper Polska reports that Amer- government nationalized and seized the property, the property. icans have asked Warsaw City Hall to find prop- as it did other grounds and buildings in the capital Other embassies in Warsaw have similar prob- erty where a new embassy could be built. Their city. By the end of the 50s, the Polish government lems. Most of them are located in Ujazdowsie requirements are challenging. The land must be in transferred the property to the U.S. Alee in Warsaw. Those properties were also na- the city center or nearby. Now lawsuits seeking millions of dollars in tionalized after the war.

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Contact: Andrzej Kowalski, Marketing Manager +48 (0) 798-683-160 6 The Krakow Post POLAND FEBRUARY 21-FEBRUARY 27 R E G I O N A L N E W S Polish-Slovak cheese-name One book NATO will decide who joins war ends with EU deal Religion grades included alliance, not Russia agence france-presse tells two sides NATO member nations will decide who joins the A cheese-name war pitting Poland against its military alliance, a spokesman said late last week, southern neighbor Slovakia has formally come to after Russia said it could turn missiles on NATO- of Polish and hopeful Ukraine to protect national security. an end, with peace sealed by an EU decision to in school averages “The only countries that can decide on the register a prized Polish mountain delicacy. Brus- enlargement of NATO are the NATO countries. sels late last week formally awarded “protected German history And no other country has a say in this process,” designation of origin” status to “Oscypek,” a rub- chief alliance spokesman James Appathurai said. bery, smoked cheese produced in the Tatra moun- His remarks came after President Vladimir Putin tain range using unpasteurized sheep’s milk. Agency LUK said Russia would target missiles at Ukraine if the An EU designation is meant to ensure con- former Soviet state hosted any NATO bases or el- ements of the U.S. missile shield. sumers get exactly what is written on the label Last month, Ukraine asked to be allowed – a product that genuinely comes from the region to join the alliance’s Membership Action Plan where it has traditionally been produced, and not (MAP) – a precursor to membership – at the next an imitation made elsewhere. NATO summit, which will take place in Bucharest “From now on, ‘Oscypek’ can only be pro- on April 2-4. But while its political leaders are duced in a few communities on the Polish side keen to join, public opinion in Ukraine is firmly of the Tatras. The Slovaks will be able to keep on against the move, and little progress toward Kyiv making their own variety, which they call ‘Os- signing up is likely any time soon. A January opinion poll showed that 53 per- tiepok’,” explained Jan Janczy, head of the As- cent of Ukrainians would vote against joining the sociation of Sheep and Goat Breeders, which had North Atlantic Treaty Organization, with only 32 asked for EU name-protection. percent in favour. The EU’s executive body, the European Com- “NATO enlargement ... is a process that dates mission, had been poised in early 2007 to add back for decades (and) clearly contributes to se- Oscypek to a 161-cheese list that includes in- curity and stability,” Appathurai said. ternationally-renowned names such as France’s Ukraine’s giant neighbor Russia is concerned about its old Cold War foe moving ever closer Roquefort, Italy’s Gorgonzola or England’s Blue to its borders, and had previously warned Kyiv Stilton. But Slovakia decided to use its EU veto about possible action should it sign up to the power to block the move, fearing that it would world’s biggest military club. hamper its own cheese production and marketing. At an annual Kremlin press conference, Putin Bratislava subsequently decided in May to drop Sebastian Leitich to the rule of impartiality imposed on public said that if Ukraine were to host bases or parts of its opposition. staff journalist leaders by the Polish constitution in matters the U.S. shield, Russia “would be forced to aim According to Janczy, Oscypek and Ostiepok concerning religion, philosophical and world missiles at those targets which we feel threaten are fundamentally different cheeses, despite their Government and church representatives views, according to Rzeczpospolita. our national security.” met last week to continue discussions on The case is currently before Poland’s “I am obliged to say this clearly and honestly. similar names and appearance. The Polish cheese is made by hand, while its a decree inherited from the previous gov- Constitutional Tribunal. We do not want such a development of events,” ernment that provides for the inclusion of The church at last week’s meeting expects he told journalists. So far neither Washington Slovak cousin is produced in mechanized diaries, grades for the Catholic religion in year-end the decree, originally issued by former Law nor Kyiv has publicly raised the possibility of for example. averages in primary and secondary educa- and Justice Education Minister Roman Gier- Ukraine hosting such facilities. The U.S. is ne- In addition, while Oscypek-makers can mix tych last year, to stand. gotiating with Poland and the Czech Republic to tion. Bishops at last week’s meeting argued Joanna Zabierek sheep and cow’s milk, the proportion of the latter that religion cannot be discriminated against “Both sides came to the conclusion that allow parts of the missile shield on their terri- must not exceed 40 percent. Ostiepok-producers staff journalist tory. (AFP) and that grades from this subject should previously accepted positions should be re- can use up to 80 percent cow’s milk. therefore be included in final averages. Al- alized,” said Archbishop Jozef Zycinski. Janczy said that EU protection will also help Revisiting past relations between Poland and Czech court sentences trio for though the Catholic religion is not a com- But the new Civic Platform-led govern- Germany during one of the most turbulent peri- attempted sale of girl improve the quality of the Oscypek on the mar- pulsory subject and ethics should be offered ment has not yet made its position clear. As ods in modern history 1933-1949, a new book ket, noting that around 70 percent of what is cur- as an alternative, in practice ethics is often reported in Gazeta Wyborcza, the govern- for students hopes to build better understanding A Czech court sentenced three men exposed by rently sold under the label does not deserve the unavailable to students due to financial re- ment is first waiting for the Constitutional of those times for the current generation of Poles a British tabloid newspaper trying to sell a nine- name. strictions and demand. Tribunal’s verdict on the Left and Demo- and Germans. month old girl abroad to up to four and a half years Oscypek has been produced by Tatra mountain This means that students who usually ex- crats’s challenge before clarifying its posi- Inspired by the work of Kinga Hartmann in prison late last week. in the border region of German Saxony and highlanders since the 15th Century. Poland and cel and who choose to participate in religion, tion. The court in the West Czech border town of In the mean time, Education Minister Poland’s Lower Silesia, “Understanding History Slovakia were among the eight east European ex- but are unable to fulfil its requirements for for the Future” was funded by the EU as part of a Cheb sentenced ringleader Petr Zemianek to four reasons of personal conviction, could receive Katarzyna Hall has not ruled out includ- and a half years in jail. Dusan Conka, who tried to Communist countries that joined the EU in 2004. project for European reunion and integration. a lower than normal grade and subsequently ing a religion component in future matura Co-authors Malgorzata Ruchniewicz, arrange a birth certificate for the child, was given a The Poles are the only east Europeans in the a reduced final average. exams if the church prepared standards for Krzysztof Ruchniewicz, Kazimierz Woycicki three year and six month suspended sentence, the EU to have so far secured protection for their It further means that high school gradu- the exam. Bishops at the meeting said these and Tobias Weger highlight the importance of CTK agency reported. cheeses, with Oscypek their second to make it standards were in place and pilot programers factual knowledge about this period from the The girl’s father, Vladimir Scasny, who lent ates applying to universities could see their onto Brussels’ list. chances of acceptance adversely affected by were already running in two dioceses. perspective of both countries to enable under- Zemianek a birth certificate and photo of his Last year, the Association of Sheep and Goat standing of past events for today’s students. daughter, was given a two year suspended sen- reduced averages, as these averages are tak- “We shouldn’t dramatize this because Breeders also won protection for “Bryndza Pod- Contained within the book’s 19 chapters, stu- tence. Journalists for the British paper said they en into consideration by admissions boards a matura religion exam is possible in such dents are presented with pictures, excerpts from were trying to find a baby for childless friends and halanska,” another sheep’s-milk cheese. when evaluating applications. countries as Austria and England and also original documents and witness statements cov- offered to make a down payment of 60,000 euro It was the first Polish product to join an 800- It was not clear how students would be af- in some parts of Germany. And these are ering the rise of Nazism, Germany’s occupation (around $87,000) in Prague. name EU list which also includes specialities fected if they opted for neither subject. not clericalized countries,” said Archbishop of Poland, Hitler’s pact with Stalin and the post- Police, who had already been tipped off about such as Italy’s Parma Ham, a swathe of olive oils The Left and Democrats, a center-left po- Jozef Zycinski. war displacement of Germans from Poland. The book is available in Polish and German and has the operation, pounced when the transaction was from Greece and Spain, and 12 types of German litical coalition, last year launched a judicial The meeting was co-chaired by Deputy about to take place decide.” (AFP) challenge to the decree on the grounds that it Prime Minister Grzegorz Schetyna and been distributed to schools across Lower Silesia beer. and Saxony. violates freedom of worship and is contrary Archbishop Slawoj Leszek Glodz. FEBRUARY 21-FEBRUARY 27 POLAND The Krakow Post 7 Anti-Semitism watchdog Poles hate urges Polish church to new ads Police deliver the krakow post

denounce lecture An advertising-industry trade association received 121 complaints about forks to Tusk disturbing, misleading or discrimina- tory ads last year – and another industry group judged that half the complaints were valid. Sixty-eight percent of the complaints that the Union of Associations of Com- mercial Councils received were about gov’t in pay television commercials. Eighteen percent of complaints involved billboards, 4 percent direct marketing, 3 percent print advertisments and 2 percent radio commercials. The Commission on Advertising Eth- ics was the agency that deemed more than half the complaints valid. claim protest The biggest number of complaints involved a campaign to prevent pneumonia that complainants said was too graphic. The advertisment shows a seriously ill child and crying mother. The pictures were accompanied by the statement “Do not let your happiness disappear.” Another complaint involved an advertising campaign encouraging people to play tunes on a cellular phone. One of the ads shows children looking like adults sitting by a table on which there are cigarettes and drink glasses. Another ad shows a dog falling into a restaurant vase. The advertising councils union said nearly all the complaints were filed on the Internet using a form available on the web site www.radareklamy.pl. More than two-thirds of the complaints came from women. One religion-related complaint involved an ad for Red Bull soft drink. The cartoon ad showed four wise men – instead of the three in the Bible – bowing and presenting gifts to the baby Jesus. agence france-presse “Catholic churches should be places of The fourth wise man’s gift was Red prayer and worship, reflection and solem- Bull. In presenting it, he says: “It gives The U.S.-based Anti-Defamation League nity, not controversial lectures and shocking wing. Otherwise the heavenly hosts (ADL) late last week urged the Polish Cath- comments giving rise to anti-Semitic atti- could not exist.” olic Church to denounce a recent anti-Se- tudes, campaigning and rallies,” he said in Those who complained said the ad mitic-tinged public meeting in a church in a statement from Rome. denigrated religion – a point the adver- the southern city of Krakow. tising ethics commission agreed with. Radio Maryja has in the past fallen foul of The commission rejected a com- “We were deeply disturbed by reports the Vatican and the Church hierarchy in Po- plaint against an ING Nationale-Ned- that an anti-Semitic meeting was held in a land, where more than 90 percent of the pop- erlanden ad that dealt with pensioners. Krakow church,” ADL director Abraham H. ulation of 38 mln are professed Catholics. The complaint alleged that the ad was Foxman said in a statement published on the Poland’s new liberal government has also disrespectful toward the elderly in gen- organization’s web site. decided to deny 15 mln euro in EU funding eral and pensioners in particular. More than a thousand people linked to the station had slated for the construction of The ad involves a conversation be- Poland’s controversial, ultra-Catholic Radio a media school. tween a pensioner and his son. The old man borrows money from his son – a Maryja attended a lecture by one of the sta- The Krakow meeting was called on the tion’s leading on-air personalities, Professor suggestion that pensioners have finan- heels of the January publication of the Pol- cial problems. ING Nationale-Neder- Jerzy Robert Nowak, who has a reputation ish-language version of “Fear” by U.S.- landen has investment programs to help for overtly anti-Semitic comments. Accord- based Professor Jan Tomasz Gross, which people build a retirement nest egg. ing to Poland’s leading liberal daily, the details anti-Semitic pogroms and violence The advertising ethics commis- Gazeta Wyborcza, another Radio Maryja in Poland after the Holocaust. Himself a ion said the ad was ethical because it the krakow post The Police union is not officially involved warned against what could happen if regular, Professor Boguslaw Wolniewicz, Jewish Pole, Gross was driven out of the in the pay claim protest, though union repre- harangued the crowd with comments in- a person failed to have a retirement-in- country amid anti-Semitic purges organized Police officers across Poland have sent sentative Antoni Duda empathized with the cluding: “Jews are attacking us! We must vestment plan. by the then-ruling Communists in 1968. over 2000 old forks to Warsaw Police Head- officer’s frustration. defend ourselves.” The animal-rights group Empatia is In the immediate post-war period, 600- quarters, claiming that Prime Minister Don- Police members claim that promises for The ADL has called on Church leaders in one of the organizations that has com- 3,000 of the 300,000 Jews who had survived plained about ads. It has made several ald Tusk’s government has failed to fulfill new equipment, vehicles and facilities have Poland to “denounce in the strongest terms” the Nazi German occupation, out of a pre- attempts to force changes in meat ad- election promises. also not been met by the government. the anti-Semitic character of the meeting war population of more than three mln, were vertismements that depict smiling ani- and “to take steps to ensure that churches The ‘hunger pay protest’ saw 2070 forks Figures released by the Police Depart- killed in pogroms or murdered individually, mals encouraging us to eat them. delivered to Warsaw by Feb. 5 in response ment in response to these claims state nearly will be made off-limits to hate.” according to Poland’s Institute for National “We think that such advertisements to new pay rates for officers announced 870 mln zloty was spent in 2007 on equip- “Such sentiments are a troubling remind- Remembrance (IPN), charged with investi- are immoral,” said Empatia member by Minister of Interior and Administration ment and modernizing the force, which will er that anti-Semitism is alive and well in gating Nazi and Communist-era crimes. Dariusz Gzyra. The real situation with Grzegorz Schetyna. quadruple in the current year with 4.58 bln Poland, and that the memory and lessons of According to a recent poll published by animals being used for food is that they feel pain and fear, he said. Tusk’s government has increased salaries zloty budgeted for the department overall. the Holocaust, while still fresh for survivors Gazeta Wyborcza, 25 percent of respondents of the war, is fading for ordinary Poles,” Ads should not “create the message by 520 zloty gross per month with the lowest To date over 6000 patrol cars, 44,000 agreed that anti-Semitic attacks and mur- that animals dream about being killed said Foxman, a Holocaust survivor who was ders took place in the wake of World War II, pay scale set at 2,200 zloty gross per month pieces of armor and more than 30,000 uni- and eaten,” he said. “It is not ethical, for first year officers. Police members behind forms are amongst the items purchased for born in Poland. while 41 percent did not. not honest and it is harmful.” A spokesman for the Roman Catholic Founded in 1913 “to stop the defamation the protest claim that this is not enough. police services since last year. Episcopate of Poland was not immediately of the Jewish people and to secure justice available for comment. and fair treatment to all,” the New York- NEW A leading Jesuit priest, Father Krzysztof based ADL describes itself as the U.S. lead- EMPLOYMENT Dyrek, has sharply criticized the meeting, ing agency protecting civil rights and demo- MA in TransAtlantic Relations PORTAL which took place in a church belonging to cratic principles by fighting anti-Semitism LAUNCHING his order. and bigotry. - For foreigners at Jagiellonian University NOVEMBER - Deadline for applications: August 15, 2008 2007 - Visit our web page: www.transatlantic.uj.edu.pl - Or our office: Rynek Glowny 34, 2nd Floor, Room 7A REGISTER FOR FREE TODAY BE FIRST! SEND YOUR CV NOW TransAtlantic Studies Office MAKE YOURSELF VISIBLE TO Institute of American Studies EMPLOYERS IN IRELAND, UK and Polish Diaspora AND MIDLAND EUROPE Jagiellonian University REGISTER NOW ON Rynek Glowny 34 www.snazzyjobs.ie 31-010 Krakow e-mail: [email protected] Phone: (48)124296157 Fax: (48)12422 03 64 8 The Krakow Post BUSINESS FEBRUARY 21-FEBRUARY 27

R E G I O N A L B I Z Polish inflation continues Poland agrees framework for higher in January Inflation rate Poland’s inflation rate continued its steady rise in January to hit 4.3 percent, up from 4 percent in December, the Central Statistical Office (GUS) blocks eurozone settlement with Eureko over PZU said late last week. Prices rose 0.8 percent in Janu- ary compared with December. On a year-on-year basis, inflation ran at 3.6 percent in November, 3.0 percent in October, 2.3 percent in September and 1.5 percent in August. Inflation for 2007 averaged 2.5 percent, compared with 1.0 percent in 2006. Keeping annual average inflation below the current EU-set benchmark rate of just under 2.0 percent is a key criteria for countries like Poland seeking to adopt the euro. The 2004 EU newcomer has said that a switch from its currency, the zloty, to the European single unit is still at least four years away as it tries to meet other criteria including reining in its budget deficit. (AFP) Czech economy grew record 6.6 percent in 2007 The Czech economy speeded up in 2007 with growth rising to a record 6.6 percent from 6.4 per- Kinga Rodkiewicz cent a year earlier, preliminary data from the Czech staff journalist statistical office showed late last week. Growth in the last quarter was 6.9 percent, Poland is hoping to adopt the euro as its currency according the office’s initial estimate. A boom in in 2012, but if the current annual inflation rate of 3.03 business by health insurance companies probably contributed to about half a percentage point of that, percent continues, the EU won’t allow it to make the it added. change. “This was probably due to higher demand of The EU has an inflation formula for new members the population for health services before the intro- that want to adopt the euro: Inflation must be no more duction of medical fees in 2008,” it explained. than 1.5 percentage points higher than the average rate Previous quarterly growth figures were revised of the three EU countries with the lowest inflation. upwards to 6.5 percent for the first and second Last year, the average inflation rate of the countries quarters, from 6.4 percent and 6.3 percent respec- tively, with third quarter growth raised to 6.4 per- with the lowest rates – Malta, the Netherlands and Fin- cent from 6.0 percent. land – was about 1.4 percent. That means that Poland The growth estimates should be confirmed must have an inflation rate in the 2.9 to 3 percent range when new figures are released on March 7. (AFP) to meet the EU requirement. The daily newspaper Rzeczpospolita said Poland’s in- EU’s Barroso urges Latvia to flation rate in January was 4.1 percent, however. And in deal with overheating February it is expected to be 4.4 percent. European Commission President Jose Manuel The EU uses the inflation rate over the previous 12 Barroso late last week hailed robust growth in EU months as one of five yardsticks for determining wheth- agence france-presse force at once Poland’s credibility in der the terms of the original privatiza- Baltic newcomer Latvia but urged it to tackle ram- er a new-member country can switch to the euro. the eyes of foreign investors,” Grad tion contract. pant inflation of nearly 16 percent to head off an If the February inflation rate is 4.4 percent, then the Poland has agreed a framework for said. Poland’s treasury currently holds a economic crisis. rate for the 12 months ending in February will be 3.03 negotiating a settlement with Dutch The two parties have given them- 55 percent controlling stake in PZU, “You have to pay attention to how you deal with percent, or a fraction more than what the EU demands, group Eureko, which is seeking 10 selves until the end of June to ham- which is the country’s largest insur- overheating,” Barroso told reporters after meeting Rzeczpospolita said. bln euro in damages in a dispute over mer out the terms of the settlement, ance company. Latvian Prime Minister Ivars Godmanis. “I estimate that we won’t fulfill the inflation-rate con- top insurer PZU, a senior minister he said. In January, the two sides agreed to “You have made huge progress, employment dition in February,” Professor Marian Noga, a member said late last week. Last month, Grad said Eureko was set up a task force that would set the is rising faster than in any other EU country, yet “Today Eureko agreed that if a the speed of this transformation has brought imbal- of the Council for Monetary Policy, told Rzeczpospol- demanding 36 bln zloty (10 bln euro, rules and timetable for further nego- ances,” he said. ita. settlement is reached, it will be con- $14.5 bln) in damages for losses it tiations on finding what Grad termed “Growth in Latvia has been really impressive Minister of Finance Jacek Rostowski agreed. He said firmed in a Polish court,” Polish Trea- is alleged to have incurred in a pro- an “amicable solution” to nearly nine but we should be attentive to the problems of over- the government will try to reduce inflation in months sury Minister Aleksander Grad said. tracted dispute with the treasury over years of jousting over PZU. heating ... because some fundamental balances are to come. In 2005, a London-based interna- a 1999 contract in which Eureko ac- Shortly after taking office in No- being affected,” he said on the second and last day Poles are painfully aware of inflation. The price of tional arbitration court ruled in favour quired a 30 percent share in PZU for vember, Poland’s new liberal Prime of a visit to Latvia. electricity has risen 12 to 13 percent over the last year. of Eureko, saying the Polish treasury 3.1 bln zloty. Minister Donald Tusk pledged that In January, Latvia’s 12-month inflation rate hit had failed to uphold its side of the At the time, Grad said Poland had his government would “look for ways 15.8 percent, the highest figure since late 1996, Gas prices have risen 10 percent. The price increase that is most noticeable to consum- privatization deal. until the end of February to present its and means to avoid a tragic end” to with economic growth in 2007 put at 10.5 percent. A Brussels-based appeal court also The Economy Ministry said it expected inflation ers, however, is in food because food accounts for a own estimate of the losses incurred the dispute which could cost Poland to peak in coming months at no more than 17 per quarter of all household expenditures. The inflation rate favoured Eureko in November, the by Eureko. dearly. same month that Poland’s new pro- cent and then to stabilize at 10-11 percent for the for food has been about 7 percent. Since the 1999 deal, Eureko’s stake A string of Polish governments business government took office. the remainder of 2008. The high inflation rate also discourages those who are in PZU has risen to 33 percent minus from both the left and right have Some analysts however, have warned inflation “We want to avoid enormous costs one share but the Dutch group insists fought Eureko’s bid to take majority considering investing in Poland. could rise to 18 percent before dipping. for the Polish taxpayer and to rein- it is entitled to a further 21 percent un- control of PZU. Analysts have been gloomy about the Baltic Poland meets all of the criteria for adopting the euro country’s economic outlook for more than a year except inflation, said Ernest Putlarczyk, a Warsaw-based because of the cocktail of rocketing inflation and economist for BRE Bank. Besides the inflation rate, the Native English Teacher Top Management spiralling growth, the latter mostly driven by ro- EU looks at a country’s long-term interest rate, the an- bust domestic demand. nual increase in government debt, the over-all size of the MINI MINI In 2006, Latvia topped the EU table and out- government deficit and the currency exchange rate. stripped the bloc’s Western European members as Although inflation is the only criteria that Poland it recorded growth of 11.9 percent, the fastest rate A school of English in M 31, University degree in Krakow is looking for a since independence. doesn’t meet, it is enough to give investors pause, he engineering, 6 years said. native English teacher. of top management Experts have repeatedly warned that the coun- The position is available experience in leading try needs a slowdown to avoid a “hard landing” The Council for Monetary Policy is not only trying immediately for a period companies in industrial of one year. for its economy. to stem inflation in commodities and services, but also cooling, refrigerating sector. Barroso said he was assured by Latvian authori- in interest rates. The individual should be Marketing & Sales enthusiastic and creative, Project management. ties that a “soft landing” was in store. Since last year the interest rate has increased about Negotiations. Prepare “Latvian authorities are aware of this challenge possession of a recognized 1.25 percentage points – from 4 percent for an average Enthusiasts!!! teaching qualification technical solutions. Full and are taking measures against inflation because loan to 5.25 percent today. (CELTA/TEFL) and some scope of technical it affects people. I’m sure this issue will be settled You are wanted! relevant previous experi- support: pre-planning. PC. in a proper manner,” said Barroso. The increase means that a person with a new 100,000- ence in work with groups Contact: jerrybarrows@ The government last year introduced an anti- zloty mortgage will be paying 1,250 zloty more in inter- is required. yahoo.com inflation plan which included tougher criteria for est each year than a person who took out the same-sized We are currently looking If you are interested in consumer lending but both the authorities and loan last year. this vacancy or would like further information please Place a career resume here! analysts have said the plan is unlikely to bear fruit Although some economists decry inflation, others see for people to join our do not hesitate to send [email protected] until later this year. A country of 2.3 mln people, it as a signal of good economic growth. Marketing & Sales team. your CV. RESUME Latvia broke free from the crumbling Soviet Union “The exponential inflation rate proves that the Polish in 1991 after five decades of rule by Moscow. It eng_schoolkrakow@ has enjoyed robust economic growth since the late economy is developing at a good rate,” said Piotr Kalisz, yahoo.com Business/Personal Assistant 1990s and notably since joining the EU in 2004. a Warsaw-based economist for Citibank. Last year the Successful applicants will: (AFP) Polish economy grew at a 6.1 percent rate. - enjoy the art of selling MINI Place a job offer here! and meeting new people [email protected] Talented, experienced lady

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natural food Procter hits Lodz the krakow post cinnati, Ohio. The P&G community today consists of more than 138,000 employees working Procter & Gamble Co. has started to build a in more than 80 countries around the world. The $50 mln beauty products factory in Aleksand- company has one of the largest and strongest row Lodzki next to Lodz. The factory will em- portfolios of trusted brands, including Pampers, ploy more than 300 workers. Tide, Ariel, Always, Pantene, Bounty, Folgers, Procter & Gamble’s decision to build was Pringles, Charmin, Downy, Iams, Crest, Actonel recognized as the most important event of 2007 and Olay. Annual revenue of the company is in the Lodz region. more than $70 bln. The location of the new fac- stores grows According to the Polish Press Agency, this tory in Poland isn’t accidental. The exceptional will be P&G’s biggest European factory and attractiveness of the Lodz SEZ as a location for will produce Olay cosmetics. The factory will investments is proven, apart from the available be built in the Lodz Special Economic Zone, tax allowances and privileges, by the follow- which was established in 1997 by the Decree ing factors: central location of Lodz Province, of the Council of Ministers for 20 years (until 3-mln-strong consumer market, presence of 2017). It is located in Lodz Province and covers numerous academic and research centers (Lodz more than 897 hectares. being the most important one), availability of Procter & Gamble has been in Poland since highly skilled personnel, low labor costs and 1990. It has a diaper factory and distribution well-developed technical infrastructure. center in Warsaw and manufactures Gillette The Lodz Special Economic Zone has al- razors in Lodz. ready issued 116 permits. In 2007, the total sum day by day The company was founded in 1837 in Cin- of investments amounted to almost 2 bln zloty.

Kinga Rodkiewicz spent 4.6 bln euro on natural foods in staff journalist 2007. Poles spent only 95 mln euro. The German-Polish consulting The number of companies that produce natural foods in Po- company Sixty-Two said if Poland land is increasing, although most of the output is sold abroad. continues to increase its production “The long-standing growth in the popularity of natural of natural foods, it could become one foods” is behind the increase, said Michal Rzytki, head of the of Europe’s biggest players. In 2005 Department of Natural Foods in the Ministry of Agriculture. Polish farmers devoted 82,000 hect- More than 200 companies produced foods that were not ares to natural food. They doubled grown with fertilizers or pesticides in 2007 – a 27 percent in- that figured to 167,000 hectares in crease over 2006. Poles can buy natural foods in 600 super- 2007. markets and 160 natural-food shops. The Tesco and Auchan Waldemar Sadowski of Klastra supermarkets label such foods with an “o!Eco” logo. Bioprodukt said the European Union Few Polish producers focus on the domestic market, how- is helping Poles who want to sell ever. That’s because natural foods are more popular and fash- natural foods abroad by giving them ionable abroad. money to obtain EU certification that A good example is the Polgrunt company, which exports their products are natural. Certifica- naturally grown tofu and other soybean products to Germany. tion is needed before they can sell to Germany is Europe’s biggest natural-foods market. Germans customers in other EU countries. Reach your clients before they set foot in Krakow. The Krakow Post is on board LOT, Brussels and Lufthansa airlines 10 The Krakow Post WARSAW FEBRUARY 21-FEBRUARY 27 Reach your clients before they set foot in Krakow. Warsaw Uprising The Krakow Post is on board LOT, Brussels and Lufthansa airlines. postcards return Michal Wojtas Staff Journalist

A precious collection of stamps and letters from the War- saw Uprising in 1944 will come back to Poland in March, and beginning in April it will be exhibited by the Museum of the Warsaw Uprising. The collection was bought on Feb. 9 at auction in Dues- seldorf, Germany, by representatives of the museum. The price of 190,000 euro will be covered by private sponsors, while the Ministry of Culture will pay the commission of the auction house and the taxes, all together 34,000 euro. The bid of the Polish delegation was the first and the last. The auction was opened earlier than planned – some say, in order to avoid other interested buyers. German authorities insisted on the auction house accepting the Polish bid. The collection consists of 123 pieces. Most of them are letters and postcards written by Warsaw inhabitants during the World War II uprising, which cost the lives of an estimated 120,000 to 200,000 people and left the city systematically razed by German troops. The postcards were delivered by scouts who risked their lives in the ruins. The letters contain mostly short messages to relatives or friends informing them that the writers had found safe shelter as well as notes about deaths and the wounded among the insurgents. Some of the stamps are unique as they were printed by the Polish underground during the two months of the uprising. Only four such collections are known to exist: in Poland, Germany, Australia and the UK. Now two of the collections will be merged in Warsaw. The Museum of the Warsaw Uprising was established in 2004 to present the history and commemorate the people who took part in the fight. The museum houses 500 items, 1.200 photographs and also conducts research. Even though the purchase of the German collection was prompted by the media who reported that the historic mate- rials might be bought by a private collector, now voices are saying that the price was well overestimated. And some experts believe that Poland should not buy war memorabilia such as these, but rather claim them without paying. As Kamil Zeidler from the law faculty of Gdansk University says, these items left Poland illegally, either during or after the war. Advert for Jewish play banned

Adelina Krupski the ZTM marketing sector on as a vandal, with which ZTM set in Lodz, raises the issue staff journalist Feb. 13, with the reminder wages an ongoing battle. of anti-Semitism in contem- that the advertising campaign ZTM spokesman Igor porary Poland. The author of The Warsaw City Trans- for the piece was supposed to Krajnow explained to Gazeta the play, Tuvia Tenenbom, is portation Board (ZTM) disal- have commenced in twenty Wyborcza that, though the the founding artistic director lowed posters publicizing the Scania OmniCity buses on advertisement would not of- of the Jewish Theater of New theatrical piece titled “The Feb. 9. fend everyone, it may be in- York. Last Jew in Europe” from In reply, ZTM Direc- terpreted out of context, as Teatr Na Woli is a theater being displayed in buses, tor Leszek Ruta stated that, advertisements displayed on that promotes new ideas, arguing that its presentation though he understands the buses are often read in a se- stirring political and social of the Star of David and the idea behind propagating the lective manner. matters and covers difficult, word ‘Jew’ may offend pas- play, he could not agree to Consequently, accord- controversial, yet significant sengers. displaying an advertisement ing to Krajnow, passengers topics. Written by Tuvia Tenen- with such content in Warsaw seeing this poster may only Accordingly, it believes bom, “The Last Jew in Eu- public transportation ser- notice the word “Jew” or the that art should be a place for rope” is to premier in Teatr vices. Star of David, spray painted absolute freedom. Na Woli in Warsaw on March Ruta clarified that the title on a wall and the poster could The theater is presenting 15. A similar situation oc- could be read as a catchword be received negatively. “The Last Jew in Europe” curred four months ago with and raise controversy or On the other hand, Kow- as a way of taking part in the another play, whose title also negative emotions among re- alewski maintains that the discussion on anti-Semitism caused problems in its pro- cipients. Furthermore, claims Teatr Na Woli sign is visible and xenophobia in connec- motion. Maciej Kowalewski, Ruta, the person depicted in on the poster, making it obvi- tion with the 40th anniversary director of Teatr Na Woli, the poster spray painting the ous that it is promoting a play. of the events that occurred in presented an official letter to Star of David may be received “The Last Jew in Europe,” March 1968.

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Our repretoire of Spanish, Argentinian and Italian classical music will create the special ambience you need to maximize your guests’ fine-dining experience. krakowpost.com Good rates and top quality. [email protected] FEBRUARY 21-FEBRUARY 27 KRAKOW The Krakow Post 11 Krakow’s old promotion method sticks Adelina Krupski “Krakow has a special place in my Staff Journalist heart.” Eight thousand such travel stickers, 4,000 in Polish and 4,000 Continuing the effort initiated in English, are to be made available last fall, the City Council has pre- in hotels and hostels throughout the pared another set of travel stickers city. for tourists to take with them as sou- Also by the same artist, the first venirs of their stay in Krakow. The poster-sticker from November 2007 promotional stickers are designed portrays the silhouette of a man by Andrzej Pagowski, one of the wearing a suit and pink glasses, on a most famous Polish graphic artists. light blue background and a sketch “This is our proposal to return of St. Mary’s Cathedral. Ten thou- to the trend from the 1970s, when sand of these stickers were distrib- it was fashionable for people to col- uted in around 130 hotels and hos- lect labels from various travels and tels in Krakow. have them displayed on their lug- According to the Director, gage,” states Izabela Helbin, Direc- Pagowski will present two more tor of the Office for Promotion and motifs to the series in the nearest Marketing of Krakow. future. Keeping in style with the first Born in Warsaw in 1953, design, the new sticker depicts a sil- Pagowski is a graduate of Poznan houette of a girl wearing blue sun- Academy of Fine Arts, author of glasses, with her hair tied up and a around one thousand posters for sketch of the Barbican drawn across theatrical pieces, films, and art festi- her. The figure is presented on a vals, and, since 1990, creator of his bright orange background. own graphic studio and advertising Above the image reads the slogan agency, Studio P. Educating youth on safe drinking Adelina Krupski with collecting evidence in such cases as the staff journalist substance disappears from the system rather quickly, making it difficult to determine the A nationwide campaign called “Watch Your occurrences. Drink,” is being implemented in Krakow. The In December 2007, the Polish Police initiative aims to promote responsible drink- stopped a group of drug traffickers and se- ing and spread awareness on the dangers of cured 8 kilograms worth of psychotropic drink dosing by others. substance – enough to produce 300 thousand Targeting nightclub goers, the campaign GHB tablets, which would have found their has put up 300 informative posters for the at- way to nightclubs throughout Poland. tention of young people in a number of loca- Though discrete drink testers are now made tions, such as universities, dormitories, and available in stores such as Kolporter, Zabka bars. and Alma, the MANKO Association reminds As part of the project commissioned by the the public that the best way to avoid becoming National Office Counteracting Drug Addicts, a victim of GHB is through behaving respon- in partnership with the MANKO Association, sibly and taking caution when among strang- the poster presents the image of a blue drink ers. Most importantly, education will increase in a glass secured by a leash. The slogan reads: the level of knowledge concerning the threat “Pilnuj Drinka – Locz Jor Drink!” and warns and methods of staying safe. the public about drugged drinks. Along with the poster, the MANKO As- The most common drug used is GHB, or sociation has organized a web site with more gamma hydroxybutyrate, a colorless, taste- information and plans to promote the cam- less, and odorless depressant which dissolves paign further in the spring Juwenalia Students easily in beverages. GHB causes the victim to Festival through the distribution of flyers and be easily persuaded and physically weak, or advertisements at each of the large parties in even entirely unconscious, leaving him or her the city. vulnerable to rape, assault, or burglary. Gener- The movement has been publicized with ally, the effects of the drug take place around the help of student publications and other me- 15 minutes after consumption and last for ap- dia. As a non-profit organization established in proximately 3 hours. 1998, the MANKO Association puts together According to the MANKO Association, projects and campaigns, while also publishing GHB is being found more and more frequent- its own monthly magazine. ly in Polish nightclubs and bars. According to Last year, The Krakow Post covered the Magda Petryniak from the MANKO Associa- MANKO campaign for Smoke-Free Premises tion, this issue is concealed for two main rea- that began in March 2007 to promote smoke- sons. First, explains Petryniak, the victim does free restaurants, hotels, bars and cafes and not remember the situation. Second, upon re- provide a map of the supportive venues on its alising what happened, the victim is too em- web site. barrassed to speak about the incident. Some 150 locations from six of Poland’s In addition, police often have problems largest cities have joined the campaign. krakowpost.com

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ul. Miodowa 7 Kazimierz District, Krakow Tel.: (0) 12 292-0088 www.accommodation.krakow.pl 12 The Krakow Post KRAKOW FEBRUARY 21-FEBRUARY 27 Late February’s best music review Soren A. Gauger and accessible joy to this music – Dave Staff Journalist Douglas’s stripped-down projects are not a bad reference point – that makes asking The end of February brings a pair of con- whether or not Japanese people can play Cen- certs to Krakow’s most forward-thinking jazz tral European folk music a bit redundant. venue, Alchemia, that count as real events on Three days later (Feb. 26) Alchemia will the local music scene. The first is Gato Libre be hosting Chicago’s Dragons 1976 (Tim (Feb. 23), an ensemble of Japanese avant-jazz Daisy – percussion, Jason Ajemian – bass, musicians who concentrate on Central Euro- Aram Shelton – saxophones). Tim Daisy pean folk music for this project (the members visited us just two months ago with Rob Ma- are: Natsuki Tamura on trumpet, Satoko Fujii zurek’s Exploding Star Orchestra, and before on accordion, Kazuhiko Tsumura on guitar that with the Vandermark 5. and Norikatsu Koreyasu on bass). The first Anyone familiar with the former’s proj- track on their recent round-the-world live ects (Chicago Underground Trio, Isotope record (“Nomad”) was recorded in Krakow 217, etc.) will have a pretty good idea of – and so it’s safe to say this group enjoys what to expect from Dragons, who are equal- playing here. ly unwilling to draw lines between new jazz, Reviews of the band’s work tend to match post-rock, folk, American indie music and the strangeness of their premise. Jim Santella electronica. of “All about Jazz” notes that “Slowly and The Chicago music scene has carved it- deliberately, the music walks you through the self quite special niche in this respect, and streets and welcomes you with open arms,” one that nicely complements the recent jazz and moreover “its casual four-part message movements in Poland. roams free as a bird (or cat).” Without com- Expect music that experiments quite freely menting on the wisdom of these remarks, it is with structure – or abandons it altogether – true that there is often a tremendous warmth but nonetheless remains easy on the ear. Gdansk’s street See article on pg. 1 for related story artist Fuss Professor Musiol returns talks ed. reform Iwona Bojarczuk Collegium Civitas says? systematically decreased each year. ing Paderevianum II, which was cre- Staff Journalist A: Advisers of the Organization The pauperization of all academic ated with the help of a donation of 18 for Economic Cooperation and De- activities occurred. The salaries at mln euro. We continue the process of An interview with the rector of Ja- velopment in their last report stated public academies became relatively computerization of the academy. We giellonian University, Professor Karol that the level of financial outlays for lower than at non-public academies. created very generous stipends for the Musiol, concerning ways to reform higher education in Poland reached Just in 2007 profitable changes were most gifted. higher education. such a low level that it threatens our introduced. Immediate realization of Q: What position does Jagiellonian aspirations to compete with European a plan of increasing higher education University occupy in the persistent The Krakow Post: What is the academies. Ninety-five percent of the funding is a necessary condition of its argument over paid stationary educa- university’s opinion about the idea of National contribution to Jagiellonian development. tion? minister of science Barbara Kudrycka University is spent on salaries. That Q: That is right. We are heading A: The present system is unjust creating in Poland flagships? Does leaves just 5 percent to develop in all toward demographical depression. and the asserted constitutional record Jagiellonian University support such the other areas. Academies were made There are fewer and fewer students of free education is fictional because a solution? to earn money and as a consequence each year. More and more gifted two-thirds of our students do not have Prof. Karol Musiol: In September they lower the quality of education young people decide to study abroad. to care about tuition, a third pay 100 2007 the Conference of Academic when money is this tight. If we do not What does Jagiellonian University do percent of tuition and 50 percent of Rectors of Polish Schools started de- make crucial reforms of financing and to attract promising students, from potential students might want to study manding separating such “flagships” our way of thinking the most gifted abroad as well? but cannot because of the bad finan- among academies. It would be to students flee abroad and will not come A: Mainly we increase the quality cial situation of their families. In addi- reform the way of financing higher back to us. of our didactics and research. If we tion to this, those who take up studies academies by the state. The basis of Q: Are financial donations the cure build a third campus, 15,000 students at non-stationary or private academies it would be achieving perfection in for the problems at academies? Or can study in conditions better than at pay twice as much, including tuition two fields: teaching and research. In will organizational changes would be many reputable European academies. and tax for higher education. It has my opinion there would be created in enough? There we could create the Park and become necessary to create equal Poland such academies that would act A: There must be great changes Incubator of Technology Life-Science chances for children brought up in in these fields at the international level in the way all Polish higher acad- which allows us to create modern sci- poor families in small cities and vil- and could compete with “flagships” emies function. However, we must ence-research facilities in biotechnol- lages. Co-financing studies, the same of other countries that are already remember that the reforms must be ogy and biomedicine. At the same for everybody, a developed system of known. carried out parallel to increases in fi- time we would like to rebuild the stipend help and student credits guar- Q: Is the condition of Polish higher nancing for academies. Beginning in second campus and our philologists anteed by the state – these are the basis education as terrible as the report of 1990 funds for science activity were will soon study in the modern build- of future reform in this field.

Malgorzata Mleczko is dangerous. German concept of Spasguerrilla, or guerrilla fundamentalism and fanaticism, together with Peter Fuss was trying to point out that xe- Staff Journalist In addition to being a statement about hu- humor, and in the Situationist International art a Polish “patriotism” that is a mix of xenopho- nophobia and anti-Semitism are often hidden manity, Fuss’ work was a political message. movement of the 1960s. bia, homophobia and anti-Semitism, are part under the masks of “patriot” and “Roman The Baltic coast of Poland is well known That’s because Poland has sent troops to Iraq It’s a subversive technique that aims to sew of everyday life. Catholic.” for its street art. and Afghanistan as part of the U.S.-led war on confusion in the dominant culture. Culture His exhibit consisted of copies of xenopho- The title of the exhibit reflected the fact that Artists such as M-City, the RAT group and terror. jamming is the act of transforming a piece of bic and anti-Semitic web sites from the Inter- the ruling Law and Justice Party wanted to Peter Fuss illegally post their art on billboards Many Poles dislike having their troops in mass media – such as a billboard – to offer a net magazine “Fronda’s” and the “Polonica. name Jesus the king of Poland. Such a desig- to make bitter commentaries about the reality these countries – especially Iraq – and the commentary. An example would be papering Net” portal. nation would make Poland a religious country, surrounding them. country suffered great trauma when Polish over an advertising billboard with the artist’s Polonica.Net’s material includes 2,000 contrary to the constitution. They are not afraid to speak their minds on soldiers were taken into custody recently for work. It is a form of public activism which is names of people deemed “enemies” of Poland Although Fuss was using the anti-Semitic politics, the relationship between religion and firing on civilians in Afghanistan. generally in opposition to commercialism and – “Jews and people of Judaic roots.” At the web sites to dramatize the problem of religious the authorities, flashy religiosity and social Crucial to the impact of Fuss’ commentary the creating of corporate image. top of the list is the world-famous Polish artist and racial bigotry, the authorities accused problems. Their use of simple forms and their was that he chose two words with such univer- The Canadian magazine “Adbusters” began Magdalena Abakanowicz. him of trying to foment anti-Semitism – and comments are sharp, edgy – even brutal. sal and positive connotations. to promote culture jamming in 1989. Ameri- The night before the exhibit opened Fuss launched an investigation against him. Fuss put his latest posting on two billboards His simplicity of choice made people think can author and cultural critic Mark Dery popu- papered over a billboard in the center of Ko- Fuss doesn’t always create art that is con- at the main railway station in Gdansk in Janu- about the fact that we need to overcome the larized the term in his 1993 book “Culture szalin, near the Catholic church, with one of troversial. Last year he made a piece called ary. It was a simple yet brilliant idea. The post- stereotypical view that Arab culture is only Jamming: Hacking, Slashing and Sniping in his creations. It consisted of 56 faces of people “For the Laugh of God.” It was a takeoff on ers consisted of two Arabic words in white on about destruction. the Empire of Signs.” whom “Polonica.Net” listed as enemies of British artist Damien Hirst’s “For the Love of a black background, with explanations of the Although the European and Arab cultures Fuss’ cultural jamming in January of 2007 Poland. God,” a platinum skull incrusted with 8,601 words in Polish. are very different, there are some notions that was so controversial that the public prosecu- He added a notorious anti-Semitic sentence diamonds that is worth 50 mln pounds. One of the words means “love,” the other resonate with us all, Fuss reminds us. And they tors office in Koszalin closed it three days after that Archbishop Wielgus in Warsaw made Fuss’ skull was made of plastic and covered “peace.” Fuss’ message was that people include love and peace. it opened. The exhibit “Jesus Christ, King of recently about the return of Jews to Poland. with 9,870 small glasses designed to look like should think carefully about the widespread The strategy that Peter Fuss is using is Poland,” was at the Scene Gallery. The archbishop created a firestorm by saying: diamonds. It was worth 1,000 pounds. Fuss belief after the 9/11 attacks that all that is Arab called cultural jamming. It has roots in the The artist’s intent was to show that religious “Jews, stay out of this Catholic country.” showed it at the Art Car Boot Fair in England. FEBRUARY 21-FEBRUARY 27 KRAKOW The Krakow Post 13 British bmibaby is low-fair favorite Grazyna Zawada “We’re a very customer-ori- about three times per week. Staff Journalist ented business,” says Craword “Due to its strong position, Rix, the managing director of bmibaby is the first-choice carrier The British airline bmibaby is bmibaby. “Our main selling point for the British from mid-Britain, the newest low-cost carrier in the is low fares, but we also have a and we hope that we’ll be the skies over Krakow. high value for the services we same for Polish people, as we At a press conference last Tues- give. Our focus is safety; after won’t drain their pockets,” said day, the management board of that comes reliabilty and punc- Andrzej Kobielski, the connec- Balice, the Krakow-area airport, tuality. Our brand is friendly and tion network director of bmibaby. introduced bmibaby, the biggest family-oriented.” “I wouldn’t have opened this low-cost airline in middle Britain Rix has also recommended connection if I didn’t believe it and Wales. Bmibaby is introduc- Birmingham and Britain not only would pay off,” he said, referring ing a direct route from Krakow to as a work destination for Poles, to a connection with Britain aban- Birmingham, as well as other con- but also as a tourist one, ensuring doned recently by SkyEurope as nections: Warsaw-Birmingham, that Krakow and British cities can unprofitable. Warsaw-East Midlands, Warsaw- exchange a variety of cultural ex- “We’re glad that bmibaby has Cardiff, Gdansk, East Midlands periences. decided to open their connection and Gdansk-Cardiff. Bmibaby has employed Pol- from Krakow, appreciating the Established in 2002, the bmi ish-speaking staff to work aboard potential of the airport, city and group is a significant player in planes flying between Poland and the region,” said Kamil Kamid- aviation, having a 2-bln-dollar Britain. ski, the director of Balice airport. turnover and carrying about 10 It offers low prices starting “We hope this is a beginning of mln passengers annually. from 83 zlotys and no luggage a whole network of bmibaby’s Bmibaby offers more than 900 limits, which is especially im- connections, as Poles like British flights per week from Britain to 25 portant for families. For the time destinations, especially when they destinations throughout Europe. being, all flights will be running come at a good price.” Local night buses a mess, especially on holidays

the krakow post Krakow’s streets yet this month. The four men also met with the board members An amateur film shown on the Internet has touched themselves. However, the city continued to deny the off a huge discussion on Krakow’s public night trans- project’s assumptions about night transport, no compro- port – with hope of improvements coming soon. mise was worked out and then the vice mayor withdrew The turmoil started when four supporters of public his support for the “nocturnals.” transport – Tomasz Tuleja, Pawel Paruch, Rafal Terkal- Jan Tajster, director of the Road and Transport ski and Tomasz Bielecki – made a film showing incred- Board, argued that changing the network of night buses ible crowds aboard night buses during St. Andrew’s would cause confusion among passengers, that there’s evening (Nov. 29), a popular party time in Krakow. The no place for a transfer intersection in the center of the four circulated the movie among their friends, but soon city due to the noise and lack of space and that there’s its spreading popularity astonished them. no guarantee that the project would ever be successful. The four have started a web site, www.nocne-kra- “I think that arranging a changing point in the city kow.pl, (currently being translated also into English) center is not a very big technical issue,” said Tomasz on which they illustrate the alleged incompetence of Bielecki, one of the “nocturnals.” “It’s just that if the Krakow’s officials who are responsible for organiz- director of the board says that there won’t be any changing public transport. The four also present their own, ing point, there won’t be any. The board is obviously detailed proposal for improving public transportation intending to carry out their own projects, and not those at night. that come from the outside. I think they’re afraid of The proposal assumes that eight night bus lines their position.” from distant parts of the city would intersect at some “I think that if the board decided to improve night point in the center, allowing passengers to transfer bus- transport in Krakow, people would start using it in- es easily. The proposal also includes changes in fares to stead of taxis,” says Rafal Terkalski, another “noctur- facilitate transfers. nal.” “The need for more frequent night transport is When the daily newspaper Gazeta Wyborcza wrote proven by the lines of taxis that we’ve seen driving up about the film, Krakow officials first denied that a prob- to the stops at Sienna or Dominikanska Sts. and driv- lem existed. Wieslaw Starowicz, vice mayor of Kra- ing off right away, full of passengers.” kow, said that the night transportation system worked “People prefer taxis for three reasons,” writes fine and that no complaints from passengers had been “willow80” on www.forum.gazeta.pl. “If you share heard. the bill, the taxi is cheaper than a couple of bus rides. Shortly afterwards, the Road and Transport Board You’d have to carry a timetable to know where and that organizes public transport in the city presented its when the bus runs; it’s so unclear. And the taxi is safer, own film on night transport. Curiously enough, the pas- but this could be solved by monitoring.” sengers in this film also called for changes, although Some hope for improving the transit problem less drastic ones. arose recently after Gazeta Wyborcza published an The situation has infuriated both Krakowians and exclusive article in which transport board members visitors. acknowledged a night problem, said they were work- “For me this whole night transport thing is rubbish,” ing on it and also said they had the necessary money writes “kwat” on www.forum.gazeta.pl. “They promote for improvements. nightlife of this city, clubbing and they don’t provide “It’s not that we’re the ‘bad officials, not wanting appropriate access back and forth. It’s a disgrace for all to do anything,” said Wit Nirski, spokesman for the Europe!” transport board. “We’re also interested in solving the The issue then intensified. The project and propos- problem, but not using revolutionary methods, rather als of “’nocni” (“the nocturnals”), as the four have by introducing necessary changes. The ideas intro- called themselves, were both praised and criticized by duced by these gentlemen will be taken into account.” Krakowians. In reply, the “nocturnals” commented: “It seems Finally Krakow’s officials decided to meet the four that the problem turned out to be not the money or authors of the transport project and to discuss it. Having anything but the people, their approach and attitude.” become acquainted with “the nocturnals,’’ Vice Mayor Whatever the case, the nocturnals and Krakowians Starowicz promised to promote it in front of the Road now anticipate positive changes in night transport in and Transport Board and to introduce some changes on Krakow.

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The organizers were champion in Choy Lee Fut disciplines, instructor and Staff Journalist celebrations where they can watch various artistic Those who practice Choy Lee Fut can gain surprised by the number of spectators who wanted coordinator of Center of Chinese Martial Arts and shows, for instance Chinese martial arts and Tai Chi. strength, flexibility, precision, perfect concentration to participate in the gala. This year, more than 1,000 Choy Lee Fut Polska in Krakow, it is necessary to Another attraction is the opera or theater in Beijing. and incredible reaction speeds. people were the first in Poland to watch outstanding possess a basic knowledge about Chinese etiquette, In the Chinese horoscope the rat is a symbol of This year the Chinese could also celebrate the The Choy Lee Fut Poland organization trains the performances – Dance of five Lions and a traditional rules of conduct, culture and traditions to be success- wealth, charm and order, yet also associated with beginning of the Year of the Rat in Krakow. Starting most experienced and talented Polish champions, Southern Dragon dance show. ful in business with the Asia. death and pestilence. Nevertheless, in China, the rat Feb. 15, the Festival of Chinese and Asian Culture, known all over the world. These attractions are traditional shows for all Chi- Skamla stresses that, as China becomes a major is respected and considered as a courageous and en- together with Poland-wide celebrations of the Chi- This year celebrations were three days long. The nese holidays and they are usually associated with economic power, people begin to focus on closer re- terprising being. nese New Year 2008, lasted until Feb. 17. first day of the festival held many attractions, espe- happiness and success. During the gala all guests had lationships with the country, but often forget about The element of the rat is Earth, so 2008 is also These events were organized by the Jagiellonian cially for Chinese cinema amateurs. The ARS Kra- a chance to attend an extraordinary demonstration of the differences between civilizations. called the Year of the Brown Rat. University, the Polish Kung Fu Organization, Choy kow Cinema Center (ul. Jana) and the Kijow Cinema martial arts performed by Kung-fu and Wushu world Skamla said it is impossible to negotiate efficient- And now it is time for fortune-tellers to predict Lee Fut Kung Fu Center in Krakow and Choy Lee showed Chinese films on Valentine’s Day. and European-class champions from Polish Martial ly with the Chinese without knowing their habits. what the New Year 2008 can bring. This year will Fut School Sport Club. The festival program was filled with enter- Arts Organizations. The multidimensional form of presenting Asian demand hard work to achieve goals, but it will be For the occasion, organizers played host to the tainment. Everyone had a chance to watch many In the meantime, there was an opportunity to culture during the Festival of Chinese and Asian Cul- a good time for those planning to get married or to Chinese ambassador to Poland Yuan Guisen, as well successful films of renowned Chinese directors. listen to traditional Chinese music and learn how to ture was an excellent way to get access to broader begin a new business. Apart from China, the begin- as to Rector of the Jagiellonian University, Karol Furthermore, the most interesting were various com- preserve one’s well-being by complying with Tai Chi audiences and also an unrivaled occasion for the ning of the New Year in February is also celebrated Musiol. The Festival of Chinese and Asian Culture petitions, workshops and other demonstrations, such and Qigong health rules. Chinese themselves to show their traditions and way in Korea, Japan, Vietnam, Singapore, Taiwan and by has been organized since 1993 by the oldest Kung Fu as Chinese calligraphy, demonstrations of traditional Members of the Confucian Institute affiliated of life. the Chinese diaspora all over the world. School in Poland – Choy Lee Fut Poland. In 2006, tea brewing, presentations of some feng shui cardi- with Jagiellonian University gave presentations on This year the festival also had an integrating According to the moon calendar, this year begins the Grzegorz Ciembroniewicz School gained the nal principles, a kung-fu crash course for children, that subject, while other experts taught practical Chi- character. Many officials, Chinese students in Kra- Feb. 7 and ends Feb. 25, 2009. status of the best Choy Lee Fut School in Europe. a chance to familiarize with mysterious qigong and nese manners. kow and other members of the Chinese community For the Chinese, the beginning of the New Year Its foundations come from the southern provinces of an opportunity to ask a Chinese oracle “i-ching” for The festival was hailed as successful and com- attended this meeting. means a week-long holiday break. This period is China. advice. petently organized. Its aim was to bring Poles closer If anyone feels a lack of Chinese culture in Kra- also called the “Golden Week.” In the Middle King- This kind of martial art is the most popular form The most awaited item of the program was the to understanding Chinese culture, tradition and phi- kow on a daily basis, they should contact the Center dom people travel a lot and visit their families and of traditional combat in the world. Choy Lee Fut is Festival of the Chinese New Year 2008 Final Gala. losophy. of Chinese Martial Arts, Choy Lee Fut Polska or with friends. not only a sport combat based on long traditions and It took place at Auditorium Maximum UJ in Kra- As stated by Joanna Skamla, four-time world the Confucian Institute in Krakow. Time runs, and so does expat journo John Marshall

John Marshall of little yellow dictionaries, the for movies! Krakow has more Staff Journalist word “zgubil” (lost) scrawled on cinemas, foreign films and inter- top in crayon. national film festivals than An- Time runs, as the Poles say But why all this linguistic drzej Wajda’s had hot dinners. and I’ve been in Poland two and reflection? Because I’m in Eng- Great if you’re a local, but it’ll a half years now. Not a lot of land right now. And I’m trying be another year yet before my time, it’s true, but long enough to work out which language I Polish is good enough for that. to have sussed a few things out. miss most. When I’m in Kra- Fortunately, there were no shady And chief of things to be sussed kow, I miss hearing English on ladies in the British cinema out is the language. I’m doing the television and on the radio. yesterday, where I saw an Akiri pretty well with my Polish (un- (But not, strangely, on the street, Kurosawa movie. I was glad of less, of course, everyone’s being where snobbishly I connect it the English subtitles, of course; terribly polite to me, which is with British stag weekends). me having only a three-week possible). However, it’s not easy. Then when I’m in England, I knowledge of Japanese. I love We all know that. miss Polish. In fact, I was rather subtitles; so much better than Decisions about language- hoping on overhearing some being dubbed i.e. the infamous learning (“I will / I will not learn Polish while I’m here. There’s “polski lektor.” Polish”) are made early on in something strangely satisfying Now, I’ve got a theory about our stay abroad. Some lucky about understanding a foreign Mr Polski Lektor: there is only (or very hard-working) souls language in your own country, one. Go figure. Listen to any become near-fluent overnight especially one as difficult as Pol- dubbed tv program or movie while others live, work and play ish. Imagine, you’re tramping in Poland and you’ll hear the year after year, never progress- across the green and pleasant same voice. The same voice! ing beyond basic groceries and English fields, when suddenly Now, either he’s a very busy barroom chat-up lines (which, two fine Slavic ladies, exercising man, this Polski Lektor, or (and to be fair, is always a good their golden retrievers perhaps, I think this is more likely), he’s start). Of course, it doesnn’thelp pass you by. “Good morning,” actually a computer-generated that, in Krakow, the majority you say with a tip of your hat. voice. This would explain his of people you’re ever likely to They smile coquettishly. “Oh,” phenomenal productivity as well communicate with have at least whispers the first to her friend, as his total lack of emotion. I re- a smattering of English. A few in Polish. “What a fine, hand- member seeing a cowboy movie years ago and before the recent some, example of an Englishman with the lektor playing John wave of emigration to England he is!” “Yes,” her friend sighs, Wayne, some baddies, Wayne’s and Ireland, the average Brit eyes fixed upon your retreat- wife as well as their five year old would have thought “Dzien doing frame. “If only he spoke daughter – all exactly the same. bry” to be a line from a coldwar Polish!” A romantic vision, I’m Even in the love scene, after- spy movie (Spy 1: “Dzien dobry, sure you’ll agree. wards. You”d think they could pan. The ducks fly high above Mind you, sometimes igno- at least afford a Mrs Polski the Wawel.” Spy 2: “Yes, my rance really is bliss. Last week, Lektor from time to time. Even friend, but swans swim faster in a male English friend and I computer-generated voices get the Vistula.”). were sitting patiently at Balice lonely, donn’tthey? How things change. Soon, airport, whiling away the flight No, I’m sorry for the harm British colleges will start of- delay with a beer or two. Out this will do to the worldwide fering exciting new evening- of nowhere appears a “lady” dubbing industry, but I say give classes: “Polish for Beginners,” of a certain age, apparently me subtitles any day. You keep “Bieszczady Basketweaving,” intent on getting to know one all the original emotions, stress “Krakowian Cake-Making,” of us much better as quickly as and intonation and you’ve at or even “Line-dancing (Lodz possible (albeit in exchange for least got a chance of understand- style).” There’s a market there some sort of financial transac- ing, if you’ve any Polish at all. somewhere. I can see some of tion, as I understood it). She And it’s also good for speed- you thinking about it already. spoke German and Polish but reading practice. A foreign language is a funny we, oh happy day!, spoke not a From groceries and chatup thing, like an old friend or pet word of German and pretended lines, through polski lektor to dog. When it’s there, often you to speak no Polish either. Not groovy arthouse movies. It donn’twant it. It gets in your that that seemed to bother her. seems a lot of work, I know, but way: all that boring grammar She kept leaning suggestively what wonders await us! And all fussing around you, tripping forward, attempting at the same you need is a little motivation you up, when all you want to do time to steal my beer. Never be- (remember the ladies with the is say “Cicho!” (Quiet!”) and fore had I been so glad that we golden retrievers?). You know, I watch the match. But then when Brits have such a terrible repu- suddenly feel a surge of interest you donn’thear it for a few days, tation for learning languages. in the dative case. I’ll let you you’re lost. Dazed and confused, Eventually, unable to snuggle know how I get on next week. you leave your flat and wander her way into our wallets, she around the streets in your slip- sloped off, last seen hassling John Marshall also writes for pers, embarrassing yourself a German movie producer, in and appears on “Exзat Radio,” in front of perfect strangers, Russian, I believe. Radio Alfa, 102.4FM, or live on John Marshall pressing into their hands photos Ah, the movies! What a town www.radioalfa.com FEBRUARY 21-FEBRUARY 27 CLASSIFIEDS The Krakow Post

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